热点话题08 人际关系与沟通（话题阅读精练）英语八年级通用版

热点话题08 人际关系与沟通 话题阅读精练 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 232 朋友间的误会与和解。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 303 不同类型的朋友。 Passage3 阅读理解 记叙文 232 主要讲动物间的友谊与互助。 Passage4 阅读理解 记叙文 237 以貌取人不可取。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 163 主要讲晚宴上的交际礼仪。 Passage6 阅读理解 说明文 251 主要讲英国的邀请文化。 Passage7 完形填空 记叙文 186 “我”与母亲的矛盾及解决想法 Passage8 完形填空 议论文 68 主要讲父母与孩子应良好沟通。 Passage9 完形填空 记叙文 240 主要讲 “我”和朋友参与BuddyBall活动。 Passage10 完形填空 说明文 98 主要讲新学校里女孩帮助“我”交友 主题简析素材积累 英语课程标准中关于“人际关系与沟通”的子话题有：1. 不同场景下的沟通（如职场沟通、亲密关系沟通、家庭沟通、陌生人社交等）。2.沟通中的语言与非语言信号（如肢体语言、语气、表情的作用）。3.冲突处理与矛盾化解（如何通过沟通解决人际关系中的分歧）。4.倾听的艺术（有效倾听对维系关系的重要性）。5.人际关系中的边界感（如何通过沟通建立和维护边界）。6.沟通中的误解与偏见（成因及避免方式）。7.跨文化/跨代际沟通的差异与适配。8.网络时代的虚拟沟通对人际关系的影响等。 关于“人际关系与沟通”相关话题主要从以下角度进行考查： 1. 基础要素角度：考察沟通的核心构成（如信息发送者、接收者、渠道、反馈等），以及人际关系的基本类型（如情感型、工具型关系）。 2. 行为技巧角度：关注具体沟通方法（如表达清晰性、共情能力、谈判技巧）和人际关系维护策略（如冲突管理、感恩表达）。 3. 心理机制角度：分析沟通背后的心理动机（如自我表露需求、认同感追求），以及人际关系中的心理效应（如首因效应、投射效应）。 4. 环境影响角度：探究不同环境（如家庭、职场、文化背景）对沟通方式和人际关系模式的塑造作用。 5. 问题解决角度：聚焦人际关系中的常见问题（如疏离、冲突、信任危机），考察通过沟通解决问题的路径和效果。 句子积累 1. “The key to any successful relationship is communication.”——沟通是所有关系成功的关键。 2. “Smile is the most beautiful language in the world.”——微笑是世界上最美的语言。 3. “A gentleman uses his tongue but not his fists.”——君子动口不动手。 4. “What the ear hears is false, but what the eye sees is true.”——耳听为虚，眼见为实。 5. “Good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other.”——善于倾听使我们彼此走得更近。 6. “To build a good relationship, we should trust in each other.”——要建立良好的关系，我们应该彼此信任。 7. “I get on well with my parents, because we communicate with each other well.”——我和我的父母相处得很好，因为我们彼此能很好地沟通。 8. “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.”——一个真正的朋友是向你伸出手，触动你心灵的人。 9. “The more we get together, the better we understand each other.”——我们越待在一起，就越相互理解。 10. “Family members should share happiness and worries.”——家人们应该分享快乐和忧愁。 11. “By learning body language we can broaden our horizons and increase our knowledge in various fields.”——通过学习肢体语言，我们能够开阔我们的视野，增加我们在各领域的知识。 12. “People from different cultures may misunderstand the gestures they use.”——来自不同文化背景的人们对彼此使用的手势很有可能产生误会。 必备词块 【础沟通要素】 沟通 communication 信息 message 发送者 sender 接收者 receiver 反馈 feedback 渠道 channel 【沟通方式与技巧】 倾听 listen 表达 express 提问 question 回应 respond 澄清 clarify 共情 empathy 积极倾听 active listening 非语言沟通 nonverbal communication 肢体语言 body language 【人际关系类型与状态】 关系 relationship 友谊 friendship 亲密关系 intimate relationship 疏离 alienation 同事关系 colleague relationship 信任 trust 尊重 respect 理解 understanding 【冲突与解决】 冲突 conflict 分歧 disagreement 妥协 compromise 协商 negotiate 和解 reconcile 道歉 apologize 原谅 forgive 【沟通中的问题与障碍】 误解 misunderstanding 偏见 prejudice 打断 interrupt 沉默 silence 防御 defensive 沟通障碍 communication barrier 文化差异 cultural difference 实战演练 Passage1 （2023 - 2024学年·人教版八年级上册·英语同步拓展阅读）My good friend is Diana. She is a rich and proud（骄傲）girl. One day after school, when I was waiting for Diana, Vivien came to me and gave me a cake, and I got it. We talked and joked. Then I spent more time with Vivien than Diana. However, I also felt a little uneasy（不安的）. After a few days, I went to see Diana. Vivien came and sat with me. She gave me a sandwich. She also gave one to Diana, but Diana didn’t get it. She walked away. I was angry with Diana because of her rudeness(粗鲁). “Never mind,” Vivien said. “I’m used to(习惯)it.” After school, I walked home with Diana. I tried to correct her attitude(态度), but she didn’t listen to me. She said, “Go and join your ‘dear’ Vivien. I know you make new friends and forget the old ones.” For the next few weeks, we did not talk to each other. Then, one day, Diana came to Vivien and me, saying, “I’m really sorry about what I did. I’m a spoiled(宠坏的)girl, but I also need good friends like you. Can you forgive(原谅)me?” 6.（ ） Why did the writer feel uneasy? A. Because she didn't like the cake Vivien gave her. B. Because she spent more time with Vivien than Diana. C. Because Diana was a rich girl. D. Because Vivien was rude to her. 7. （ ）What did Diana do when Vivien gave her a sandwich? A. She ate it. B. She thanked Vivien. C. She didn't take it and walked away. D. She gave it to the writer. 8. （ ）Why was the writer angry with Diana? A. Because Diana was too proud. B. Because Diana didn't like Vivien. C. Because Diana was rude to Vivien. D. Because Diana didn't talk to her. 9. （ ）What did Diana do at last? A. She went away without saying sorry. B. She asked Vivien to forgive her. C. She asked the writer to forgive her. D. She said nothing to the writer and Vivien. 10.（ ） What can we learn from the passage? A. We should not make new friends. B. We should be proud of ourselves. C. We should forgive our friends' mistakes. D. We should not talk to rude people. 【参考答案】6．B 7．C 8．C 9．C 10．C 【导语】主要讲朋友间的误会与最终和解。 6. 答案：B 解析：原文提到“Then I spent more time with Vivien than Diana. However, I also felt a little uneasy.”，明确说明作者不安是因为花在Vivien身上的时间比Diana多，故选B。 7. 答案：C 解析：原文指出“She also gave one to Diana, but Diana didn’t get it. She walked away.”，即Diana没接三明治并走开了，故选C。 8. 答案：C 解析：文中提到“I was angry with Diana because of her rudeness”，结合上下文，Diana的粗鲁行为指的是拒绝Vivien的三明治并走开，即对Vivien不礼貌，故选C。 9. 答案：C 解析：最后Diana对作者和Vivien说“Can you forgive me?”，包括请求作者原谅，故选C。 10. 答案：C 解析：文章通过Diana道歉并得到原谅的故事，传达出“应该原谅朋友的错误”这一主旨，其他选项均与文意不符，故选C。 Passage2 （2025年新八年级（七升八）英语暑假专题提升） Do you know that people will die early if they have no friends during their lifetime The study shows if you want to live longer and more happily, you need to have some friends. When you have problems, these friends can share your sadness and happiness or help you. These four kinds of friends can help you keep the doctor away. A Loyal (忠诚的) Best Friend Everyone needs a friend. He or she is always there to give us help when we need it. This kind of friend knows all of your deepest and darkest secrets (秘密), but still loves you all the same. A Friendly Neighbor These days, a lot of people don’t know their own neighbors. But some neighbors can be the most helpful people. For example, if you need someone to look after your pet when you are away for holiday, you can ask your neighbor for help. So it’s wonderful to have some helpful neighbors. A Workmate You’ll find it much easier to talk with someone than eating lunch by yourself every day. Your workmate doesn’t have to be your best friend. If you two are friendly to each other, you can always start going out with him outside of the office. A Friend from a Different Culture If everyone had a friend from a different culture, the world would be a much better place. Remember that don’t be friends with someone just because they’re from a different culture. Instead, keep your mind open, and if you meet someone from other places, try to learn about their customs (风俗), values and traditions. If you have such kinds of friends, you will surely live longer and more happily. 6. To live longer and more happily, we need friends because they can ________. (不超过5词) 7. A loyal best - friend can always ________ when we need it. (不超过5词) 8. If we are away for holiday, we can ask our ________ to look after our pet. (不超过5词) 9. Try to learn about their ________ if you meet someone from other places. (不超过5词) 10. What’s your understanding of the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2? Use your own words. (用自己的语言表达，不超过20词) 【参考答案】1. share sadness and happiness 2. give us help 3. friendly neighbors 4. customs, values and traditions 5. Friends can help us stay healthy and live a better life. 【导语】主要讲不同类型的朋友。 6. 答案：share sadness and happiness 解析：原文提到“When you have problems, these friends can share your sadness and happiness or help you”，结合问题要求“不超过5词”，提取核心信息“share sadness and happiness”。 7. 答案：give us help 解析：文中明确指出“A Loyal Best Friend... He or she is always there to give us help when we need it”，符合“不超过5词”要求，故答案为“give us help”。 8. 答案：friendly neighbors 解析：原文提到“if you need someone to look after your pet when you are away for holiday, you can ask your neighbor for help”，结合前文“A Friendly Neighbor”的分类，此处应填“friendly neighbors”，且符合字数限制。 9. 答案：customs, values and traditions 解析：文中说明“if you meet someone from other places, try to learn about their customs, values and traditions”，直接提取该短语，符合字数要求。 10. 答案：Friends can help us stay healthy and live a better life. 解析：划线句“These four kinds of friends can help you keep the doctor away”字面意为“这四种朋友能让你远离医生”，引申为朋友有助于保持健康、生活更美好，用简洁语言表达即可。 Passage3 （牛津深圳版·八年级上册英语·第二单元阅读理解专练） Long ago, there lived a lion, a bird and a mouse in the forest. They were good friends. One day, a turtle (龟)came to them and said, " I' m alone. I want to join your group and become your friend." " You' re most welcome," they said. One day, when the four friends were playing, they saw a hunter (猎人). The lion ran away into the forest. The bird flew high in the sky and the mouse ran into a hole. The turtle could not run as fast as the others. The hunter caught it and put it in a bag. Together, the lion, the mouse and the bird came up with a plan to save the turtle. First, the bird flew high up in the sky and saw the hunter walking along the river. Then the lion lay on his way and didnt move at all. It pretended that it was dead (死的). When the hunter saw the lion again, he was very happy. He put the bag with the turtle on the ground and moved to the lion. As soon as the hunter left, the mouse opened the bag and freed the turtle. When the hunter reached the lion, it suddenly stood up and ran away. Then when the hunter turned back to pick up his bag, the turtle had left. 6. （ ）Who wanted to join the group of the lion, the bird and the mouse? A. A tiger. B. A turtle. C. A rabbit. D. A dog. 7. （ ）What did the lion do when it saw the hunter? A. It fought with the hunter. B. It called the police. C. It ran away into the forest. D. It helped the turtle. 8.（ ） How did the mouse save the turtle? A. By opening the bag. B. By biting the hunter. C. By asking the bird for help. D. By moving the bag. 9.（ ） Which of the following is TRUE? A. The hunter caught the lion at last. B. The turtle ran away quickly when it saw the hunter. C. The bird flew away and didn't help the turtle. D. The turtle was saved by its friends. 10. （ ）What is the best title for the passage? A. The Friendship of Animals B. The Clever Hunter C. The Brave Lion D. The Poor Turtle 【参考答案】6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. A 【导语】主要讲动物间的友谊与互助。 6. 答案：B 解析：原文明确提到“One day, a turtle came to them and said, 'I'm alone. I want to join your group and become your friend.'”，可知是乌龟想要加入，故选B。 7. 答案：C 解析：根据原文“The lion ran away into the forest.”，狮子看到猎人后跑进了森林，故选C。 8. 答案：A 解析：文中提到“As soon as the hunter left, the mouse opened the bag and freed the turtle.”，老鼠通过打开袋子救了乌龟，故选A。 9. 答案：D 解析： - A项错误：猎人最终没有抓住狮子，狮子假装死了，后来跑掉了； - B项错误：乌龟跑得不如其他动物快，被猎人抓住了； - C项错误：鸟参与了救援计划，先飞到高空观察猎人的动向； - D项正确：狮子、鸟和老鼠合力救了乌龟，符合原文描述，故选D。 10. 答案：A 解析：文章围绕狮子、鸟、老鼠和乌龟之间的友谊展开，讲述它们互相帮助、共同救援的故事，核心是动物间的友谊，故选A。 Passage4 （初中英语阅读理解练习素材）MR. Mike was a clever professor. He had just moved into a new community. On Saturday afternoon, there was a party in the community and all the neighbors of this community would attend. MR. Mike wanted to take this opportunity to get to know his new neighbors. He put on an old shirt casually and walked down the street, looking for the location of the party. No one greeted him when he entered the house. They even didn' t invite him to have dinner. MR. Mike was puzzled. MR Mike saw them only talking with people who were in expensive clothes. So he went out and bought a new coat. When he returned to the party, all the people at the party began to greet him and chat with him. They invited him to eat the food on the table. MR. Mike took off his coat and put it on the table and said," eat the food, coat! " someone asked, " Why do you do that?" He said, "I wore my old shirt. You ignored me. Now I put on a new coat. You invite me to eat the good food. Now I understand, you give the food to my coat, not to me! so I let you my coat you enjoy these dishes." Then he left angrily. We can' t give the judgement to people by their clothes, or we may lose our good friend. 6. （ ）Why did Mr. Mike go to the party? A. To have a big dinner. B. To meet his old friends. C. To get to know his new neighbors. D. To show his new coat. 7. （ ）How did Mr. Mike feel when no one greeted him? A. Happy. B. Puzzled. C. Angry. D. Sad. 8. （ ）What did Mr. Mike do after he found no one invited him to dinner? A. He left the party at once. B. He asked someone for food. C. He bought a new coat. D. He talked with others loudly. 9. （ ）What does the underlined word “ignored” mean in Chinese? A. 重视 B. 忽略 C. 欢迎 D. 欺骗 10. （ ）What can we learn from the passage? A. We should wear good - looking clothes to parties. B. We should be polite to others at parties. C. We can't judge people by their clothes. D. We should give some food to our coats. 【参考答案】6. C 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. C 【导语】主要讲以貌取人不可取。 6. 答案：C 解析：原文明确提到“MR. Mike wanted to take this opportunity to get to know his new neighbors”，即迈克先生参加派对是为了认识新邻居，因此选C。 7. 答案：B 解析：文中提到“No one greeted him when he entered the house... MR. Mike was puzzled”，说明当没人打招呼时，他感到困惑，故选B。 8. 答案：C 解析：根据“So he went out and bought a new coat”可知，迈克先生发现没人邀请他吃饭后，出去买了一件新外套，因此选C。 9. 答案：B 解析：结合上下文，迈克先生穿旧衬衫时没人理他，穿新外套后大家都热情招待他。他说“我穿旧衬衫时，你们ignored我”，由此可推断“ignored”意为“忽略”，选B。 10. 答案：C 解析：文章最后点明主旨“We can't give the judgement to people by their clothes”，即我们不能以貌取人，因此选C。 Passage5 （2023 - 2024学年·人教版八年级上册·英语同步拓展阅读） When you have a dinner party, what should you do? The following will help you. Try to open the door for each guest. If someone else answers the door, go to welcome your guests as soon as you can. Always offer to take their coats and ask, “Would you like me to take your coat?” People often bring gifts like flowers or chocolate to a dinner party. Be ready to receive the gifts if they do. Get a vase so that you can put the flowers init. Never leave a guest unattended, especially when there is only one of them. If there is more than one, they can talk to each other. If the party is at home, a good idea is to have a toilet sign for people who don’t know your house. If the party is somewhere else, like a restaurant, try not to be too loud, because not everyone in the restaurant is at your party. 6. （ ）What should you do when a guest comes to your dinner party? A. Ask him to open the door. B. Let him wait for a long time. C. Offer to take his coat. D. Ask him to bring a gift. 7. （ ）What do people often bring to a dinner party? A. Vases. B. Toilet signs. C. Flowers or chocolate. D. Coats. 8. （ ）What does the underlined word “unattended” mean in Chinese? A. 受欢迎的 B. 无人照顾的 C. 忙碌的 D. 悠闲的 9. （ ）If the party is at home, you should ________. A. invite a lot of people B. try to be loud C. talk with each guest D. have a toilet sign 10. （ ）What's the best title for the passage? A. How to Have a Dinner Party B. How to Be a Good Guest C. How to Invite Friends to a Party D. How to Communicate with Others 【参考答案】6. C 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A 【导语】主要讲晚宴上的交际礼仪。 6. 答案：C 原文提到“Always offer to take their coats and ask, ‘Would you like me to take your coat?’”，即客人来参加晚宴时，应主动提出帮他们拿外套，与选项C一致。 7. 答案：C 文中明确说明“People often bring gifts like flowers or chocolate to a dinner party”，可知人们参加晚宴时常带花或巧克力，对应选项C。 8. 答案：B “unattended”所在句子为“Never leave a guest unattended, especially when there is only one of them”，结合语境，此处指不要让客人处于无人照顾的状态，因此“unattended”意为“无人照顾的”，选B。 9. 答案：D 原文指出“If the party is at home, a good idea is to have a toilet sign for people who don’t know your house”，即在家举办晚宴时，应准备厕所标识，与选项D相符。 10. 答案：A 文章围绕晚宴上应做的事展开，如迎接客人、处理礼物、照顾客人等，均是关于如何举办晚宴的建议，因此最佳标题为“How to Have a Dinner Party”，选A。 Passage6 （2023 - 2024学年·人教版八年级上册·英语同步拓展阅读) When you hear British say “Drop in anytime” or “Come and see me soon” you should realize that it doesn’t mean you are welcome to come over to their house at any time. It’s necessary to make a phone call before visiting someone, because British people think being on time is very important. Never accept an invitation unless you really planto go. You can refuse an invitation by saying, “Thank you for inviting me, but I’m sorry because I couldn’t come.” If you are unable to come after accepting the invitation, be sure to tell those who invite you in advance that you will not be there. If you accept the invitation to a party or a dinner, maybe you should bring small gifts with you, such as bottles of drink, flowers and chocolate. It’s polite to do so, especially when you are invited for a meal. A thank - you note or a telephone call is also considered polite. Sometimes English people may take you out to have dinner in a restaurant. But it does not mean that he is going to pay the bill at the end of the meal. He might want a separate bill. That means each person pays his own bill. Different countries have different customs. So if you want to get on well with friends from different countries, it’s important for you to learn about local customs. 6. （ ）What should you do before visiting a British friend? A. Buy some gifts. B. Make a phone call. C. Bring some food. D. Wear nice clothes. 7. （ ）How can you refuse an invitation from a British friend? A. By saying you are too busy. B. By saying you don’t like the party. C. By saying “Thank you for inviting me, but I’m sorry because I couldn’t come.” D. By not replying. 8. （ ）What does the underlined phrase “in advance” mean in Chinese? A. 提前 B. 推迟 C. 按时 D. 随后 9. （ ）If you accept an invitation to a British dinner, you’d better bring some ________. A. money B. flowers C. books D. clothes 10. （ ）What can we learn from the passage? A. British people are not friendly. B. We should learn about different customs. C. British people always pay the bill for others. D. We can visit British people at any time. 【参考答案】6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. B 【导语】主要讲晚宴上的交际礼仪。 6. 答案：B 解析：原文明确提到“It’s necessary to make a phone call before visiting someone”，即拜访英国朋友前需要先打电话，因此选B。 7. 答案：C 解析：文中指出拒绝邀请的方式是“Thank you for inviting me, but I’m sorry because I couldn’t come.”，与选项C一致，故选C。 8. 答案：A 解析：根据上下文，“If you are unable to come after accepting the invitation, be sure to tell those who invite you in advance that you will not be there”意为接受邀请后若无法前往，需告知邀请者，结合语境“in advance”表示“提前”，故选A。 9. 答案：B 解析：原文提到接受晚宴邀请时，可带“bottles of drink, flowers and chocolate”等小礼物，选项中“flowers”符合，故选B。 10. 答案：B 解析：文章最后一句提到“Different countries have different customs... it’s important for you to learn about local customs”，即我们应了解不同国家的习俗，与选项B一致，故选B。 Passage7 （2023-2024学年·八年级下学期·江西赣州期中） Recently I didn’t get on well with my mother. She thought I was still a child! And she was very 1________ with me. She told me I 2________ be out after 8:00 in the evening. She also said, “If 3________ goes to climb a mountain, will you do it, too?” It’s hard to say if it’s unfair about 4________ my mom has done, but it sounds like she’s having some trouble. She doesn’t want to 5________ that I’m getting older and I will become more independent. Usually, it’s difficult for some 6________ to let go. I plan to ask my father for help. He seems to understand me 7________. I will have a good talk with him and tell him like this, “Dad, I feel upset when Mom sometimes 8________ what I want. I love Mom and I don’t want to make her 9________. I know she wants me to be better, but we need more communication. Can you help me talk to her about this?” 1. ( )A. kind B. angry C. strict D. pleased 2. ( )A. needn’t B. need C. mustn’t D. should 3. ( )A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. no one 4.( ) A. where B. what C. why D. how 5. ( )A. refuse B. receive C. accept D. get 6. ( )A. teachers B. parents C. classmates D. friends 7. ( )A. better B. less C. worse D. fewer 8.( ) A. gets B. knows C. forgets D. ignores 9. ( )A. excited B. relaxed C. happy D. angry 【参考答案】1. C 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. D 【导语】主要讲“我”与母亲的矛盾及解决想法.。 1. 答案：C 解析：结合上下文，母亲认为“我”还是孩子，规定晚上8点后不能外出，体现对“我”的严格要求，“strict”（严格的）符合语境，故选C。 2. 答案：C 解析：母亲不允许“我”晚上8点后外出，“mustn’t”表示“禁止”，符合句意；“needn’t”（不必）、“should”（应该）不符合严格要求的语境，故选C。 3. 答案：A 解析：句意为“如果有人去爬山，你也会去吗？”，“someone”（某人）用于肯定句，符合语境；“anyone”多用于否定句，“everyone”（每个人）、“no one”（没人）不符合句意，故选A。 4. 答案：B 解析：空格处引导宾语从句，指代母亲所做的事情，用“what”（什么）；“where”（哪里）、“why”（为什么）、“how”（如何）均不符合语境，故选B。 5. 答案：C 解析：母亲不愿“接受”“我”在长大、会更独立的事实，“accept”（接受）符合句意；“refuse”（拒绝）、“receive”（收到）、“get”（得到）不符，故选C。 6. 答案：B 解析：结合上下文，母亲作为家长难以放手，“parents”（父母）符合语境；其他选项与“放手”的主体不符，故选B。 7. 答案：A 解析：“我”计划向父亲求助，说明父亲更理解“我”，“better”（更好地）符合语境，故选A。 8. 答案：D 解析：母亲有时“忽视”“我”的想法让“我”难过，“ignores”（忽视）符合句意；“gets”（得到）、“knows”（知道）、“forgets”（忘记）不符，故选D。 9. 答案：D 解析：“我”爱母亲，不想让她生气，“angry”（生气的）符合语境；“excited”（兴奋的）、“relaxed”（放松的）、“happy”（开心的）与“不想让母亲”的负面情绪语境不符，故选D。 Passage8 （2023-2024学年八年级下学期云南红河期中） Many parents and kids can’t get on well with each other. They always 1_______ with each other. Arguing is the only communication they have. I think that it is 2_______ for parents to learn to understand their children. It is also good for kids to think about the suggestions from parents. If parents and kids have problems, why not sit down and 3_______with each other well? 1. ( )A. talk B. argue C. play D. help 2. ( )A. difficult B. interesting C. important D. impossible 3. ( )A. communicate B. fight C. agree D. compare 【参考答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【导语】主要讲父母与孩子应良好沟通。 1. 答案：B 解析：后文提到“Arguing is the only communication”，说明父母与孩子经常争吵，“argue”（争吵）符合语境，故选B。 2. 答案：C 解析：作者认为父母学会理解孩子很“重要”，“important”（重要的）符合议论文观点；“difficult”（困难的）、“impossible”（不可能的）与倡导沟通的主旨不符，故选C。 3. 答案：A 解析：文章强调沟通的重要性，建议有问题时坐下“交流”，“communicate”（沟通）符合主旨；“fight”（打架）、“compare”（比较）不符合，故选A。 Passage9 （2023-2024学年八年级下学期单元测试） My best friend Ally and I spare a few hours of our time every week as volunteers for BuddyBall. It’s a 1_______ that helps disabled kids do sports and make new friends. 2_______, I am a buddy for an eleven - year - old boy Tom. He is in a wheelchair and is a good basketball player, but just like any kid, it upsets him 3_______ he misses a shot or makes a bad pass. He starts to cry and doesn’t want to play. Sometimes he even wants to 4_______. So, as his buddy, I encourage him. Now we’re working on our basketball skills together. It’s great to see how he has 5_______ and he doesn’t get upset so easily. Ally is a buddy for Clara, a kid with very few language skills. She is also a bit 6_______! She likes running away. Ally has learned how to work with Clara and to get her to join in the 7_______. Now she loves baseball and has more friends. Next week she’s playing in a team. Her parents are 8_______ happy about BuddyBall and they say that Clara is more confident (自信的) and 9_______ after her BuddyBall sessions. Differences 10_______ and we realize that we’re all just kids loving sports. I love doing BuddyBall because I know I’m doing something meaningful! 1. ( )A. decision B. subject C. program D. interest 2. ( )A. For example B. Such as C. In fact D. At first 3. ( )A. when B. until C. before D. since 4. ( )A. give up B. give out C. give away D. give back 5. ( )A. failed B. improved C. prepared D. worried 6. ( )A. shy B. lazy C. quiet D. naughty 7. ( )A. games B. lessons C. discussions D. classes 8. ( )A. hardly B. never C. really D. probably 9.( ) A. careful B. helpful C. hopeful D. outgoing 10. ( )A. disappear B. appear C. grow D. increase 【参考答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. A 【导语】主要讲 “我”和朋友参与BuddyBall活动。 1. 答案：C 解析：BuddyBall是帮助残疾儿童运动、交朋友的项目，“program”（项目）符合语境；“decision”（决定）、“subject”（学科）、“interest”（兴趣）不符，故选C。 2. 答案：A 解析：后文举例“我”帮助Tom，“For example”（例如）用于举例，符合语境；“Such as”后接名词短语，不接句子，故选A。 3. 答案：A 解析：句意为“当他投篮失误时，会难过”，“when”（当……时）引导时间状语从句，符合句意，故选A。 4. 答案：A 解析：Tom难过时不想打球，甚至想“放弃”，“give up”（放弃）符合语境；“give out”（分发）、“give away”（捐赠）、“give back”（归还）不符，故选A。 5. 答案：B 解析：在“我”的鼓励下，Tom不再轻易难过，说明他有了进步，“improved”（进步）符合语境，故选B。 6. 答案：D 解析：Clara喜欢跑开，体现她有点“调皮”，“naughty”（调皮的）符合描述；“shy”（害羞的）、“quiet”（安静的）与“跑开”不符，故选D。 7. 答案：A 解析：BuddyBall是运动项目，Ally让Clara参与“游戏”，“games”（游戏）符合语境，故选A。 8. 答案：C 解析：Clara变得更好，父母“真的”很高兴，“really”（真正地）强调程度，符合语境，故选C。 9. 答案：D 解析：Clara更自信，结合“有更多朋友”，“outgoing”（外向的）符合变化，故选D。 10. 答案：A 解析：大家意识到都是热爱运动的孩子，说明差异“消失”了，“disappear”（消失）符合语境，故选A。 Passage10 One day, I went to a new school. I was very nervous. I didn’t know anyone here. When I entered the classroom, some students looked at me, but no one talked t me. I felt a little 1______. Then a girl came t me and asked me my name. She was very 2______. She showed me around the classroom and introduced me to their classmates. With her help, I quickly made some new friends. I was so 3______ to her. Friendship is really important in our life. It can make us feel happy and less lonely. 1.  ( )A. happy B. sad C. excited D. relaxed 2.  ( )A. friendly B. strict C. shy D. lazy 3.  ( )A. thankful B. harmful C. useful D. careful 【参考答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 【导语】主要讲新学校里女孩帮助“我”交友。 1. 答案：B 解析：没人和“我”说话，“我”感到“难过”，“sad”（难过的）符合语境；“happy”（开心的）、“excited”（兴奋的）不符，故选B。 2. 答案：A 解析：女孩主动打招呼、介绍同学，很“友好”，“friendly”（友好的）符合描述，故选A。 3. 答案：A 解析：女孩帮助“我”，“我”很“感激”，“thankful”（感激的）符合语境，故选A。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 热点话题08 人际关系与沟通 话题阅读精练 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 232 朋友间的误会与和解。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 303 不同类型的朋友。 Passage3 阅读理解 记叙文 232 主要讲动物间的友谊与互助。 Passage4 阅读理解 记叙文 237 以貌取人不可取。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 163 主要讲晚宴上的交际礼仪。 Passage6 阅读理解 说明文 251 主要讲英国的邀请文化。 Passage7 完形填空 记叙文 186 “我”与母亲的矛盾及解决想法 Passage8 完形填空 议论文 68 主要讲父母与孩子应良好沟通。 Passage9 完形填空 记叙文 240 主要讲 “我”和朋友参与BuddyBall活动。 Passage10 完形填空 说明文 98 主要讲新学校里女孩帮助“我”交友 主题简析素材积累 英语课程标准中关于“人际关系与沟通”的子话题有：1. 不同场景下的沟通（如职场沟通、亲密关系沟通、家庭沟通、陌生人社交等）。2.沟通中的语言与非语言信号（如肢体语言、语气、表情的作用）。3.冲突处理与矛盾化解（如何通过沟通解决人际关系中的分歧）。4.倾听的艺术（有效倾听对维系关系的重要性）。5.人际关系中的边界感（如何通过沟通建立和维护边界）。6.沟通中的误解与偏见（成因及避免方式）。7.跨文化/跨代际沟通的差异与适配。8.网络时代的虚拟沟通对人际关系的影响等。 关于“人际关系与沟通”相关话题主要从以下角度进行考查： 1. 基础要素角度：考察沟通的核心构成（如信息发送者、接收者、渠道、反馈等），以及人际关系的基本类型（如情感型、工具型关系）。 2. 行为技巧角度：关注具体沟通方法（如表达清晰性、共情能力、谈判技巧）和人际关系维护策略（如冲突管理、感恩表达）。 3. 心理机制角度：分析沟通背后的心理动机（如自我表露需求、认同感追求），以及人际关系中的心理效应（如首因效应、投射效应）。 4. 环境影响角度：探究不同环境（如家庭、职场、文化背景）对沟通方式和人际关系模式的塑造作用。 5. 问题解决角度：聚焦人际关系中的常见问题（如疏离、冲突、信任危机），考察通过沟通解决问题的路径和效果。 句子积累 1. “The key to any successful relationship is communication.”——沟通是所有关系成功的关键。 2. “Smile is the most beautiful language in the world.”——微笑是世界上最美的语言。 3. “A gentleman uses his tongue but not his fists.”——君子动口不动手。 4. “What the ear hears is false, but what the eye sees is true.”——耳听为虚，眼见为实。 5. “Good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other.”——善于倾听使我们彼此走得更近。 6. “To build a good relationship, we should trust in each other.”——要建立良好的关系，我们应该彼此信任。 7. “I get on well with my parents, because we communicate with each other well.”——我和我的父母相处得很好，因为我们彼此能很好地沟通。 8. “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.”——一个真正的朋友是向你伸出手，触动你心灵的人。 9. “The more we get together, the better we understand each other.”——我们越待在一起，就越相互理解。 10. “Family members should share happiness and worries.”——家人们应该分享快乐和忧愁。 11. “By learning body language we can broaden our horizons and increase our knowledge in various fields.”——通过学习肢体语言，我们能够开阔我们的视野，增加我们在各领域的知识。 12. “People from different cultures may misunderstand the gestures they use.”——来自不同文化背景的人们对彼此使用的手势很有可能产生误会。 必备词块 【础沟通要素】 沟通 communication 信息 message 发送者 sender 接收者 receiver 反馈 feedback 渠道 channel 【沟通方式与技巧】 倾听 listen 表达 express 提问 question 回应 respond 澄清 clarify 共情 empathy 积极倾听 active listening 非语言沟通 nonverbal communication 肢体语言 body language 【人际关系类型与状态】 关系 relationship 友谊 friendship 亲密关系 intimate relationship 疏离 alienation 同事关系 colleague relationship 信任 trust 尊重 respect 理解 understanding 【冲突与解决】 冲突 conflict 分歧 disagreement 妥协 compromise 协商 negotiate 和解 reconcile 道歉 apologize 原谅 forgive 【沟通中的问题与障碍】 误解 misunderstanding 偏见 prejudice 打断 interrupt 沉默 silence 防御 defensive 沟通障碍 communication barrier 文化差异 cultural difference 实战演练 Passage1 （2023 - 2024学年·人教版八年级上册·英语同步拓展阅读）My good friend is Diana. She is a rich and proud（骄傲）girl. One day after school, when I was waiting for Diana, Vivien came to me and gave me a cake, and I got it. We talked and joked. Then I spent more time with Vivien than Diana. However, I also felt a little uneasy（不安的）. After a few days, I went to see Diana. Vivien came and sat with me. She gave me a sandwich. She also gave one to Diana, but Diana didn’t get it. She walked away. I was angry with Diana because of her rudeness(粗鲁). “Never mind,” Vivien said. “I’m used to(习惯)it.” After school, I walked home with Diana. I tried to correct her attitude(态度), but she didn’t listen to me. She said, “Go and join your ‘dear’ Vivien. I know you make new friends and forget the old ones.” For the next few weeks, we did not talk to each other. Then, one day, Diana came to Vivien and me, saying, “I’m really sorry about what I did. I’m a spoiled(宠坏的)girl, but I also need good friends like you. Can you forgive(原谅)me?” 6.（ ） Why did the writer feel uneasy? A. Because she didn't like the cake Vivien gave her. B. Because she spent more time with Vivien than Diana. C. Because Diana was a rich girl. D. Because Vivien was rude to her. 7. （ ）What did Diana do when Vivien gave her a sandwich? A. She ate it. B. She thanked Vivien. C. She didn't take it and walked away. D. She gave it to the writer. 8. （ ）Why was the writer angry with Diana? A. Because Diana was too proud. B. Because Diana didn't like Vivien. C. Because Diana was rude to Vivien. D. Because Diana didn't talk to her. 9. （ ）What did Diana do at last? A. She went away without saying sorry. B. She asked Vivien to forgive her. C. She asked the writer to forgive her. D. She said nothing to the writer and Vivien. 10.（ ） What can we learn from the passage? A. We should not make new friends. B. We should be proud of ourselves. C. We should forgive our friends' mistakes. D. We should not talk to rude people. Passage2 （23-24八年级下·江苏连云港·期中英语试题） This spring, the most eye-catching movie might be YOLO (《热辣滚烫》). By Feb 26, it had made over 3.3 billion yuan at the box office, reported The Paper. Passage2 （2025年新八年级（七升八）英语暑假专题提升） Do you know that people will die early if they have no friends during their lifetime The study shows if you want to live longer and more happily, you need to have some friends. When you have problems, these friends can share your sadness and happiness or help you. These four kinds of friends can help you keep the doctor away. A Loyal (忠诚的) Best Friend Everyone needs a friend. He or she is always there to give us help when we need it. This kind of friend knows all of your deepest and darkest secrets (秘密), but still loves you all the same. A Friendly Neighbor These days, a lot of people don’t know their own neighbors. But some neighbors can be the most helpful people. For example, if you need someone to look after your pet when you are away for holiday, you can ask your neighbor for help. So it’s wonderful to have some helpful neighbors. A Workmate You’ll find it much easier to talk with someone than eating lunch by yourself every day. Your workmate doesn’t have to be your best friend. If you two are friendly to each other, you can always start going out with him outside of the office. A Friend from a Different Culture If everyone had a friend from a different culture, the world would be a much better place. Remember that don’t be friends with someone just because they’re from a different culture. Instead, keep your mind open, and if you meet someone from other places, try to learn about their customs (风俗), values and traditions. If you have such kinds of friends, you will surely live longer and more happily. 6. To live longer and more happily, we need friends because they can ________. (不超过5词) 7. A loyal best - friend can always ________ when we need it. (不超过5词) 8. If we are away for holiday, we can ask our ________ to look after our pet. (不超过5词) 9. Try to learn about their ________ if you meet someone from other places. (不超过5词) 10. What’s your understanding of the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2? Use your own words. (用自己的语言表达，不超过20词) Passage3 （牛津深圳版·八年级上册英语·第二单元阅读理解专练） Long ago, there lived a lion, a bird and a mouse in the forest. They were good friends. One day, a turtle (龟)came to them and said, " I' m alone. I want to join your group and become your friend." " You' re most welcome," they said. One day, when the four friends were playing, they saw a hunter (猎人). The lion ran away into the forest. The bird flew high in the sky and the mouse ran into a hole. The turtle could not run as fast as the others. The hunter caught it and put it in a bag. Together, the lion, the mouse and the bird came up with a plan to save the turtle. First, the bird flew high up in the sky and saw the hunter walking along the river. Then the lion lay on his way and didnt move at all. It pretended that it was dead (死的). When the hunter saw the lion again, he was very happy. He put the bag with the turtle on the ground and moved to the lion. As soon as the hunter left, the mouse opened the bag and freed the turtle. When the hunter reached the lion, it suddenly stood up and ran away. Then when the hunter turned back to pick up his bag, the turtle had left. 6. （ ）Who wanted to join the group of the lion, the bird and the mouse? A. A tiger. B. A turtle. C. A rabbit. D. A dog. 7. （ ）What did the lion do when it saw the hunter? A. It fought with the hunter. B. It called the police. C. It ran away into the forest. D. It helped the turtle. 8.（ ） How did the mouse save the turtle? A. By opening the bag. B. By biting the hunter. C. By asking the bird for help. D. By moving the bag. 9.（ ） Which of the following is TRUE? A. The hunter caught the lion at last. B. The turtle ran away quickly when it saw the hunter. C. The bird flew away and didn't help the turtle. D. The turtle was saved by its friends. 10. （ ）What is the best title for the passage? A. The Friendship of Animals B. The Clever Hunter C. The Brave Lion D. The Poor Turtle Passage4 （初中英语阅读理解练习素材）MR. Mike was a clever professor. He had just moved into a new community. On Saturday afternoon, there was a party in the community and all the neighbors of this community would attend. MR. Mike wanted to take this opportunity to get to know his new neighbors. He put on an old shirt casually and walked down the street, looking for the location of the party. No one greeted him when he entered the house. They even didn' t invite him to have dinner. MR. Mike was puzzled. MR Mike saw them only talking with people who were in expensive clothes. So he went out and bought a new coat. When he returned to the party, all the people at the party began to greet him and chat with him. They invited him to eat the food on the table. MR. Mike took off his coat and put it on the table and said," eat the food, coat! " someone asked, " Why do you do that?" He said, "I wore my old shirt. You ignored me. Now I put on a new coat. You invite me to eat the good food. Now I understand, you give the food to my coat, not to me! so I let you my coat you enjoy these dishes." Then he left angrily. We can' t give the judgement to people by their clothes, or we may lose our good friend. 6. （ ）Why did Mr. Mike go to the party? A. To have a big dinner. B. To meet his old friends. C. To get to know his new neighbors. D. To show his new coat. 7. （ ）How did Mr. Mike feel when no one greeted him? A. Happy. B. Puzzled. C. Angry. D. Sad. 8. （ ）What did Mr. Mike do after he found no one invited him to dinner? A. He left the party at once. B. He asked someone for food. C. He bought a new coat. D. He talked with others loudly. 9. （ ）What does the underlined word “ignored” mean in Chinese? A. 重视 B. 忽略 C. 欢迎 D. 欺骗 10. （ ）What can we learn from the passage? A. We should wear good - looking clothes to parties. B. We should be polite to others at parties. C. We can't judge people by their clothes. D. We should give some food to our coats. Passage5 （2023 - 2024学年·人教版八年级上册·英语同步拓展阅读） When you have a dinner party, what should you do? The following will help you. Try to open the door for each guest. If someone else answers the door, go to welcome your guests as soon as you can. Always offer to take their coats and ask, “Would you like me to take your coat?” People often bring gifts like flowers or chocolate to a dinner party. Be ready to receive the gifts if they do. Get a vase so that you can put the flowers init. Never leave a guest unattended, especially when there is only one of them. If there is more than one, they can talk to each other. If the party is at home, a good idea is to have a toilet sign for people who don’t know your house. If the party is somewhere else, like a restaurant, try not to be too loud, because not everyone in the restaurant is at your party. 6. （ ）What should you do when a guest comes to your dinner party? A. Ask him to open the door. B. Let him wait for a long time. C. Offer to take his coat. D. Ask him to bring a gift. 7. （ ）What do people often bring to a dinner party? A. Vases. B. Toilet signs. C. Flowers or chocolate. D. Coats. 8. （ ）What does the underlined word “unattended” mean in Chinese? A. 受欢迎的 B. 无人照顾的 C. 忙碌的 D. 悠闲的 9. （ ）If the party is at home, you should ________. A. invite a lot of people B. try to be loud C. talk with each guest D. have a toilet sign 10. （ ）What's the best title for the passage? A. How to Have a Dinner Party B. How to Be a Good Guest C. How to Invite Friends to a Party D. How to Communicate with Others Passage7 （2023-2024学年·八年级下学期·江西赣州期中） Recently I didn’t get on well with my mother. She thought I was still a child! And she was very 1________ with me. She told me I 2________ be out after 8:00 in the evening. She also said, “If 3________ goes to climb a mountain, will you do it, too?” It’s hard to say if it’s unfair about 4________ my mom has done, but it sounds like she’s having some trouble. She doesn’t want to 5________ that I’m getting older and I will become more independent. Usually, it’s difficult for some 6________ to let go. I plan to ask my father for help. He seems to understand me 7________. I will have a good talk with him and tell him like this, “Dad, I feel upset when Mom sometimes 8________ what I want. I love Mom and I don’t want to make her 9________. I know she wants me to be better, but we need more communication. Can you help me talk to her about this?” 1. ( )A. kind B. angry C. strict D. pleased 2. ( )A. needn’t B. need C. mustn’t D. should 3. ( )A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. no one 4.( ) A. where B. what C. why D. how 5. ( )A. refuse B. receive C. accept D. get 6. ( )A. teachers B. parents C. classmates D. friends 7. ( )A. better B. less C. worse D. fewer 8.( ) A. gets B. knows C. forgets D. ignores 9. ( )A. excited B. relaxed C. happy D. angry Passage8 （2023-2024学年八年级下学期云南红河期中） Many parents and kids can’t get on well with each other. They always 1_______ with each other. Arguing is the only communication they have. I think that it is 2_______ for parents to learn to understand their children. It is also good for kids to think about the suggestions from parents. If parents and kids have problems, why not sit down and 3_______with each other well? 1. ( )A. talk B. argue C. play D. help 2. ( )A. difficult B. interesting C. important D. impossible 3. ( )A. communicate B. fight C. agree D. compare Passage9 （2023-2024学年八年级下学期单元测试） My best friend Ally and I spare a few hours of our time every week as volunteers for BuddyBall. It’s a 1_______ that helps disabled kids do sports and make new friends. 2_______, I am a buddy for an eleven - year - old boy Tom. He is in a wheelchair and is a good basketball player, but just like any kid, it upsets him 3_______ he misses a shot or makes a bad pass. He starts to cry and doesn’t want to play. Sometimes he even wants to 4_______. So, as his buddy, I encourage him. Now we’re working on our basketball skills together. It’s great to see how he has 5_______ and he doesn’t get upset so easily. Ally is a buddy for Clara, a kid with very few language skills. She is also a bit 6_______! She likes running away. Ally has learned how to work with Clara and to get her to join in the 7_______. Now she loves baseball and has more friends. Next week she’s playing in a team. Her parents are 8_______ happy about BuddyBall and they say that Clara is more confident (自信的) and 9_______ after her BuddyBall sessions. Differences 10_______ and we realize that we’re all just kids loving sports. I love doing BuddyBall because I know I’m doing something meaningful! 1. ( )A. decision B. subject C. program D. interest 2. ( )A. For example B. Such as C. In fact D. At first 3. ( )A. when B. until C. before D. since 4. ( )A. give up B. give out C. give away D. give back 5. ( )A. failed B. improved C. prepared D. worried 6. ( )A. shy B. lazy C. quiet D. naughty 7. ( )A. games B. lessons C. discussions D. classes 8. ( )A. hardly B. never C. really D. probably 9.( ) A. careful B. helpful C. hopeful D. outgoing 10. ( )A. disappear B. appear C. grow D. increase Passage10 One day, I went to a new school. I was very nervous. I didn’t know anyone here. When I entered the classroom, some students looked at me, but no one talked t me. I felt a little 1______. Then a girl came t me and asked me my name. She was very 2______. She showed me around the classroom and introduced me to their classmates. With her help, I quickly made some new friends. I was so 3______ to her. Friendship is really important in our life. It can make us feel happy and less lonely. 1.  ( )A. happy B. sad C. excited D. relaxed 2.  ( )A. friendly B. strict C. shy D. lazy 3.  ( )A. thankful B. harmful C. useful D. careful 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$