新概念英语第一册现在完成时复习学案

现在完成时态复习学案（Present Perfect Tense） 现在完成时态是英语中常用的时态之一，主要用于表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响或动作从过去持续到现在。以下是其核心用法及注意事项： 一、现在完成时的基本结构 •肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 She has finished her homework.（她已完成作业。） •否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词I haven't seen that movie yet.（我还没看过那部电影。） •疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ Have you ever traveled abroad?（你出过国吗？） 二、现在完成时的核心用法 1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响 •强调动作已完成，但结果或影响仍存在。 •标志词：already , just , yet , recently（最近） He has just left.（英译中） （现在他不在这里。） I have already eaten breakfast.（英译中） （现在不饿。） 2. 表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 •动作或状态从过去开始，可能仍在继续。 •标志词：for + , since + , so far , up to now（迄今） They have lived here for 10 years.（英译中） （仍住着。） She has worked at the company since 2015.（英译中） （现在仍在职。） 3. 表示过去的经历（是否做过某事） •强调“有无经历”，不关注具体时间。 •标志词：ever , never , before Have you ever been to Japan?（英译中） I have never tried sushi.（英译中） 三、易混淆点与注意事项 1. 延续性动词 vs. 非延续性动词 •延续性动词（如 live, work, study）可直接与 for/since 连用： He has known her for years.（正确） •非延续性动词（如 die, buy, arrive）不能直接接 for/since，需改用状态表达： 误：His father has died for 3 years. 正：His father has been dead for 3 years. 2. have been to vs. have gone to的用法区别 •have been to：去过某地（已回来）She has been to Paris twice.（她去过巴黎两次。） •have gone to：去了某地（未回来）Tom has gone to London.（汤姆去伦敦了。→ 他现在不在这里。） 3. 与一般过去时的区别 •现在完成时：强调与现在的联系（影响/持续）。 I have lost my keys.（我丢了钥匙。→ ） •一般过去时：仅说明过去动作，与现在无关。 I lost my keys yesterday.（昨天丢了钥匙。→ ） 即时练习 1、 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. She __________ (live) in London since 2020. 2. He usually __________ (walk) to school, but today he __________ (take) the bus. 3. — __________ you __________ (see) my keys? — Yes, I __________ (see) them on the desk an hour ago. 4. The train __________ (just arrive). Let’s hurry! 5. My father __________ (work) in this company for 20 years. He still ________ (love) his job. 6. I __________ (never/be) to Japan, but I __________ (go) to Korea last year. 7. — __________ they __________ (finish) the project? — Not yet. They __________ (start) it yesterday. 8. She __________ (read) three books this month. She __________ (read) every evening. 9. The cat __________ (jump) onto the table and __________ (break) the vase just now. 10. We __________ (know) each other since we __________ (be) children. 11. She __________ (buy) a new dictionary last week. 12. Look! The sky __________ (get) dark. It __________ (rain) soon. 13. — __________ you ever __________ (eat) durian?— No, I __________ (not/try) it. 14. He __________ (lose) his wallet yesterday. He __________ (not/find) it yet. 15. They __________ (build) three schools in the village so far. 二、句子纠错。 16. She has buy a new car. 正确的句子 17. I live here since 2015.正确的句子 18. He has gone to Paris last month.正确的句子 19. Did you ever eat sushi?正确的句子 20. The rain stopped, so the ground is wet now.正确的句子 21. They have finished their work yesterday.正确的句子 22. His grandfather has died for ten years.正确的句子 23. Have they found their dog yet? Yes, they found it.正确的句子 24. She has wrote a letter to her friend.正确的句子 25. We haven’t seen him since two hours.正确的句子 三、句子翻译（中译英） 26. 他刚刚关掉了电视。 27. 我认识她十年了。 28. 你吃过午饭了吗？ 29. 昨天他们参观了博物馆。 30. 雨还在下吗？ 31. 她每天六点起床。 32. 这本书我已经读了三次。 33. 他上个月买了一辆新车。 34. 会议已经开始了。 35. 你曾经去过上海吗？ 参考答案 一、动词填空答案 1. has lived 2. walks; took 3. Have, seen; saw 4. has just arrived 5. has worked; loves 6. have never been; went 7. Have, finished; started 8. has read; reads 9. jumped; broke 10. have known; were 11. bought 12. is getting; will rain / is going to rain 13. Have, eaten; haven’t tried 14. lost; hasn’t found 15. have built 二、句子纠错答案 16. → She has bought a new car. 17. → I have lived here since 2015. 18. → He went to Paris last month. 19. → Have you ever eaten sushi? 20. → The rain has stopped, so the ground is wet now. 21. → They finished their work yesterday. 22. → His grandfather has been dead for ten years. 23. → Have they found their dog yet? Yes, they have. 24. → She has written a letter to her friend. 25. → We haven’t seen him for two hours. 三、翻译题答案 26. He has just turned off the TV. 27. I have known her for ten years. 28. Have you had lunch yet? 29. They visited the museum yesterday. 30. Has the rain stopped yet? 31. She gets up at six every day. 32. I have read this book three times. 33. He bought a new car last month. 34. The meeting has begun. 35. Have you ever been to Shanghai? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$