湖南省长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学2024-2025学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题

2024-2025-2师大附中高一下期末考试 英 语 时量：120分钟 满分：150分 命题人：肖家禹 李倬林 肖思宇 李俊延 欧阳红英 周欣韵 审题人：尹一兵 肖思宇 备课组长：张添 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Castle in the Clouds is currently offering the newest field trip package priced at $10 per student, with help from the Castle Teacher Advisory Group who assess the activity every week. With this field trip, our Education Team will work with you for a visit which best matches your curriculum(课程) and addresses the specific demands of your students. Use the chart below to build your field trip! Start by Choosing One Guided Tour · Include a Lucknow Highlights tour facilitated by our Education Team · Include a worksheet to use during the tour · Pre-visit and post-visit activities · A 60-minute tour plus 30 minutes for travelling to and from the Castle on the streetcar · Students must be divided into groups of 8 · 1 guardian for every 10 students is free · Timing is based on 24 students, the maximum number of students the Castle can accommodate at a time. Self-Guided Tour · Includes workbooks for students, a streetcar ride, and pre-visit and post-visit activities · Able to tour at your own pace, interact with museum interpreters, and read Explore More Cards · We recommend 60 minutes for your tour and 30 minutes for travelling to and from the Castle on the streetcar · Students must be divided into groups of 5 · 1 guardian for every 5 students is free Want More? Add on a Castle Experience, $5 per student *Please book your add-on experience at least one month in advance. If interested, please fill out the Field Trip Request Form! 21. Who is the passage intended for? A. School teachers. B. Parents. C. Tour guides. D. Castle managers. 22. What makes Guided Tour different from Self-Guided Tour? A. Package price. B. Provided supplies. C. Scheduled activities. D. Group size. 23. Which combination suits a nature lover preferring a flexible pace? A. Self-Guided Tour+add-on Art. B. Guided Tour+add-on Garden Tour. C. Self-Guided Tour+add-on Hike. D. Guided Tour+add-on Hike & Write. B The message took me by surprise. It came from my Ph.D. adviser, asking me whether I’d apply for a fellowship(学术奖金) from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Two years earlier, I’d written a proposal for the very same award — a requirement for passing my Ph.D. qualifying exam. Before it, I’d never written a full research proposal. My adviser wanted me to come up with a brand-new project. The process was like figuring out how the pieces of a complex puzzle(拼图) should fit together. Finally, I focused on creating a secure proposal, with experiments that were almost guaranteed to be scientifically practical. The result was indeed like that, but far from creative. Eventually, I failed. On my second try, I squeaked(勉强通过) by. I was relieved, but the reviewers’ comments hurt me: my ideas weren’t novel and interesting. I awkwardly thanked people when they congratulated me, feeling insecure and defeated. In the following years, I focused on the lab experiments, and mastered new techniques. I gained the practice of submitting applications for several small grants(助学金). Bit by bit, I began seeing myself in a new light and trusting my decisions. So, when my adviser convinced me to apply for the NIH fellowship this time, I was determined not to play it safe and to create a more daring project. Despite old criticisms, I landed on a plan that built on the work I’d done but used fresh ideas. Regardless of whether my idea proved to be correct, I thought it was worth the effort. I’d seen my project indicate new research directions and push back the frontiers of my subject. Five months later, I prepared myself for heartbreak once again as I logged in. But amazingly, I secured the fellowship with great reviews. I can’t claim to have mastered the art of writing an NIH proposal. But the award empasized that avoiding negative reviewer comments shouldn’t be the only aim. Exciting projects, with daring ideas, are the ones that will move our science forward and awaken the curiosity of scientists. 24. Why did the author’s first proposal fail? A. It’s not complete. B. It’s not practical. C. It’s not creative. D. It’s too simple. 25. How did the author benefit from the lab experiments? A. They helped him to get his Ph.D. B. They helped to gain peer trust. C. They increased his self-confidence. D. They helped his second proposal pass. 26. Why did the author feel the project worth his effort? A. It expanded the boundaries in his field. B. It carried him some money over the years. C. It satisfied the requirements of NIE. D. It met the expectations of his advisor. 27. What does the author’s experience tell us? A. Stability wins the race. B. No daring step, no reward. C. Practice makes perfect. D. Opportunity rewards the ready. C It’s easy to keep your aging brain as quick as it was in college. Use a website full of brain games or download the right apps, and within 20 minutes you’ll be doing your part to sharpen your memory and slow the decline of your mental functions. At least that’s what the companies behind this booming industry would have you believe. But is it true? Concrete proof about the benefits of brain games is hard to come by, experts say, when it comes to measurably improving aspects of mental fitness, like having a good memory. “People would really love to believe they could do something like this and make their brain better, but there’s just no solid evidence,” says Randall W. Engle, a primary investigator at the Attention & Working Memory Lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology. That’s not to say brain games are without benefits. Experts say these kinds of mental exercises can change your brain. The brain changes with just about everything you do, including mental training exercises. But numerous studies have shown that brain games lack what researchers call “transfer”. In other words, repeating a game over and over again teaches you how to play the game and get better at it but your brain aging won’t necessarily come to a stop. “It’s like, you walk through fresh snow, and you leave a trace. If you walk the same route again, the trace gets deeper and deeper,” says Ursula Staudinger, director of the Butler Columbia Aging Center at Columbia University. The fact that structural changes occur does not imply that in general this brain has become more capable. It has become more capable of doing exactly the tasks it was practicing. 28. What does the writer intend to do in the first paragraph? A. To introduce a new theory. B. To promote a new app. C. To question an idea. D. To correct a mistake. 29. What does Eagle think of the functions of brain games? A. Their effects still need proving. B. They have little practical effects. C. They really make some difference. D. They are bound to benefit brain health. 30. The underlined word in paragraph 3 most probably refers to “the ability to _____________”. A. stop the brain aging B. keep the brain functioning C. speed up the brain aging D. improve gaming skills 31. Which can be the best title of the passage? A. Games Prevent Brain from Turning Slow B. How to Slow the Decline of Brain Functions C. Stop Brain aging? Games’ Roles Need Proving D. Brain Games — A Boost to Your Mental Fitness D We all love our parents and turn to them when we’re in need, but would you like them to hear the conversations you have with your friends in the school playground or lunch queue? Social networking sites have become virtual extensions of the school hallways, so would you add your parents as “friends” and allow them to view your online activities and conversations with friends? In the part the generation gap included a technology gap, where children were up to date with the latest technology and parents were left behind, content to continue their day-to-day lives as they always had because they had no need to be tech-savvy(精通技术的). However, more and more parents are beginning to realize just how important social networks are in their lives. This realization has given many parents the motivation to educate themselves about social networking sites. These days many people are attracted to social networking sites because they can choose who they have around them; there’s also a certain amount of control over privacy that we don’t get in real life. Sometimes we feel that privacy is violated when we must accept a “friend” request from a parent or family member. It’s a difficult choice whether or not to allow a parent to become a part of our online lives. On the one hand we don’t want to “reject” their request because that might hurt their feelings or make them feel you have something to hide. On the other hand, if you do accept, then you could have a sense of being watched and no longer feel free to comment or communicate the way you did before. A recent survey suggested that parents shouldn’t take it personally if their child ignores their request: “When a teen ignores a parent’s friend request, it doesn’t necessarily mean that they are hiding something, but it could mean that this is one part of their life where they want to be independent.” Perhaps talking with parents and giving explanations would help soften the blow if you do choose not to add them to your friends list. 32. Why do many parents want to learn about social networking sites? A. Because they are eager to explore technologies. B. Because they are bored with their daily life. C. Because they want to watch their children. D. Because they start to realize their importance. 33. What might be the reason for teens to reject their parents’ friend request? A. They have nothing to hide. B. Their privacy cannot be guaranteed. C. They don’t want to teach their parents. D. They can’t choose friends around them. 34. Why is the survey mentioned in the passage? A. To warn parents. B. To relieve parents. C. To challenge parents. D. To criticize parents. 35. What is most likely to be talked about next? A. How to bridge the generation gap. B. How to make friends on social networks. C. How to explain to parents about the rejection. D. How to use the social networking sites wisely. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Grocery shopping is something everyone has to do. Whether you go to the supermarket or buy online, there are ways to shop smarter and greener. 36 Plan your shopping 37 This will allow you to plan healthy meals for the week. But don’t forget to check your fridge to make sure you don’t buy food that you already have. Having a list also cuts down on impulsive(冲动的) buys that you don’t really need. Buy bulk foods(散装食品) Many foods are wrapped in plastic or have too much packaging. In fact, 23 percent of all waste in rubbish tips in the US comes from food packaging according to a report. You can help reduce all this packaging waste by buying bulk foods whenever possible. 38 Buy seasonal and local produce Buying locally grown fruits and vegetables when the produce is in season cuts down on the environmental cost of transportation. In addition, the local produce you buy is fresher and not artificially ripened(人工催熟的) so it is more nutritional. 39 Save your produce bags While many people use reusable cloth grocery bags, another tip is to save the bags that you put produce in. 40 From packing a lunch to picking up dog waste, reusing plastic bags is the way to go. A. These bags can be reused in lots of ways. B. And you are supporting your local farmers. C. It’s easy to make better choices at the supermarket. D. Part of shopping smarter is to buy what you can use. E. Bring your own plastic bags or containers if allowed. F. Here are some tips on how to be a better grocery shopper. G. Make a list and meal plan before you go to the supermarket. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 We live in Cleveland, Ohio, near our highway exit. Over the years, many tired travelers have stopped at our door, asking for small 41 , a phone call, a glass of water, or simply directions. All have been 42 to me. Each time, I’d had to weigh the 43 . One summer evening a few years ago, as the sky darkened, an 44 woman stood weakly at our doorway. She leaned against the screen door(纱窗门) to 45 it open. Through the window, I could see the outline of her head. She clearly needed 46 . The question filled my mind: “What should I do?” This wasn’t the first time I’d faced such a difficult 47 . In today’s world, we’re often told to be cautious. It is believed that helping strangers is 48 and may risk terrible consequences. News stories 49 that kind people often end up as victims. There is no doubt that those are true stories, but the lesson 50 with my heart. Sometimes doing the right thing requires 51 . Should I fear everyone we don’t know? Is personal 52 always the only thing that 53 ? Our home’s location often forces me to make difficult choices. 54 the travelers in need has its own cost — not just to them, but to me. I’d rather risk a little than live with 55 . I’d rather chooses kindness than let fear rule me. So when I saw the woman trembling on my step, I knew my answer. I opened the door. 41. A. gestures B. kindnesses C. chances D. changes 42. A. strangers B. drivers C. friends D. guides 43. A. advantages B. strengths C. risks D. evidence 44. A. unfamiliar B. optimistic C. elegant D. intelligent 45. A. force B. blow C. knock D. hold 46. A. water B. help C. love D. rescue 47. A. passenger B. opportunity C. answer D. choice 48. A. unwise B. unbearable C. safe D. odd 49. A. comment B. mean C. warn D. inform 50. A. clicks B. mixes C. sinks D. conflicts 51. A. patience B. reward C. courage D. luck 52. A. happiness B. health C. achievement D. safety 53. A. matters B. applies C. favors D. occurs 54. A. Bringing up B. Turning away C. Reaching for D. Cheering up 55. A. disability B. illness C. guilt D. curiosity 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My Internet journey began when I was just a child, fascinated by the glowing screen of my smartphone. I was so 56 (addict) to it that I checked it constantly while walking, eating, or lying in bed. It was very hard for me 57 (quit) the habit. Then the day came when I finally realized I had to make 58 change. With my eyes fixed 59 my smartphone, I stepped into the road and a car 60 (shoot) past, nearly knocking me off my feet. At that time, I decided to go phone-free for a week. The first day was the hardest. But soon, time slowed down. I picked up the classic novel I had always wanted to read. I also kept a journal and went running, 61 (appreciate) the beauty in life with my own eyes, instead of through my smartphone camera. My offline 62 (relationship) benefited as well. I went for a long walk with an old friend. Our wide-ranging conversation went so much deeper than brief texts ever could. I also spent more time with my parents, bringing them up to date with 63 was going on in my life. We had never felt 64 (close) to each other. By the end of the week, I almost did not want to turn my phone back on. I still use technology, 65 life beyond the screen — richer and more real — matters most. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假如你是李华，学校将开展 “弘扬科学家精神” 的英语演讲比赛。请你用英文介绍一位你最尊敬和爱戴的科学家。内容包括： 1. 对该人物的简单介绍； 2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因； 3. 从其身上得到的启示。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Ladies and gentlemen, Thank you all for listening! 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alice sat in the car while palm trees seemed to speed by the car window. Eight-year-old Alice began to get nervous, the way she always did in new surroundings. She felt a thin shine of sweat above her lip in spite of the car’s cool air. “The aquarium(水族馆) won’t be crowded, I bet, and people are going to notice me. I hate wearing this prosthesis leg(假肢).” She felt tears coming from behind her eyes. “Not being normal is the worst,” she thought to herself. Entering the Clearwater Marine Aquarium, around a corner of a tank, she noticed an animal that looked unusual. “Is that a dolphin with a prosthetic tail instead of a real tail?” she asked an aquarium staff member. He nodded and replied, “Yes, that’s Betty. She’s a very special dolphin.” “What happened to her?” “This girl dolphin was found off the coast of Florida, caught in a crab trap. The ropes from the trap cut off the blood circulation to her tail. So she lost her tail.” Alice caught her breath. “She’s just like me.” “But she struggled to survive. Now she wears a prosthetic tail to help her swim like a dolphin’s supposed to swim,” the staff member continued. “Every day, Betty shows us anything is possible if we believe.” Alice felt her heart was touched. She waved at Betty. Looking at Alice, Betty raised her flippers(鳍足), came to her and lifted her head. “She’s swimming right into my arms,” Alice said tearfully. They made eye contact. She seemed to be speaking to Alice: We’re the same. Back home, all Alice talked about was Betty. For two weeks, she cried and begged her mother to take her back to Clearwater. Unfortunately, another blow hit Alice. She fell on the hardwood floor at home and broke her other leg. Alice suffered the pain in her leg. After a thorough examination, the doctor explained bad news to them that she would need some surgery on her leg. Years of a living hell(地狱) came back to her. She started fearing surgery again and refused to go to hospital for treatment. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “How can I persuade Alice to undergo the surgery?” Alice’s mum said to herself. Encouraged by Betty, Alice changed her mind and did what her mother and doctor had told her to. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2024-2025-2师大附中高一下期末考试 （参考答案） 第一部分 听力 略 第二部分 阅读 第一节 短文理解 21—23 ADC 24—27 CCAB 28—31 CAAC 32—35 DBBC 第二节 七选五 36—40 FGEBA 第三部分 语言运用 第一节 完形填空 41—45 BACAD 46—50 BDACD 51—55 CDABC 第二节 语法填空 56. addicted 57. to quit 58. a 59. on 60. shot 61. appreciating 62. relationships 63. what 64. closer 65. but 第四部分 写作 第一节 Ladies and gentlemen, Today I feel honored to have this chance to deliver a speech about the most respected scientist in my heart. The scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping, who is known as “Father of Hybrid Rice”. For over half a century, Professor Yuan dedicated his life to agricultural research. Through countless experiments in rice fields under scorching sun, he successfully developed high-yield hybrid rice varieties which benefited the mankind. His life teaches us that true success comes from persistent dedication. He showed us how one person’s determination can nourish an entire nation. Thank you all for listening! 第二节 “How can I persuade Alice to undergo the surgery?” Alice’s mom said to herself. Then, an idea came to her — she would take Alice back to Clearwater. Upon arriving, Alice eagerly looked for Betty, the kind dolphin who had always comforted and cheered her up. As her mother wheeled her closer, Betty raised her flippers, swam near, and lifted her head gently. Alice’s excitement overflowed. Meeting Betty’s gaze, Alice felt as if the dolphin was saying, “Go for the operation.” Filled with newfound hope, Alice resolved to face her surgery with optimism. Encouraged by Betty, Alice changed her mind and did what her mother and doctor had told her to. Finally came the day when Alice was in the hospital again. Though feeling afraid of the pain the surgery might bring, Alice faced it bravely. The operation was a success. Her mother took her to Clearwater the day when she was discharged from hospital. Inspired by Betty — who swam freely despite her injury — Alice practiced walking with determination. With each step, her confidence grew as her recovery progressed. She didn’t know what the future held, but she was ready to do whatever it took to see more of this wonderful world. $$