专题11 阅读-2025年英语小升初知识详细讲解

2025学年英语小升初知识详细讲解 专题11 阅读 考点归纳 考点 知识梳理 要点提示 完 形 填 空 1.完形填空的综合性较强，它主要考查冠词、介词、时态、近义词、形容词和副词及其比较级、不定代词、词组搭配和常用短语。 2.完形填空的解题步骤。 (1)通读所给短文或对话，理解文章大意。 (2)找出内容重点。如：时间、地点、人物等。 (3)针对空格前后内容进行分析、推理，确定正确答案。 (4)复查：再次通读文章，检查所选的答案是否合理。 做完形填空时，注意根据事件发生的时间确定时态，根据主语确定动词的形式。 阅 读 理 解 1.小学阅读理解的题型主要有判断、选择、填空和简答等。 2.阅读理解的解题步骤。 (1)通读全文，捕捉关键信息。首先要把文章快速地通读一遍，弄清大意，特别要注意事情的起因、时间、地点、涉及的人物、结局。为便于快速查找，还可以一边阅读一边做标记。 (2)分析信息，确定答案。在弄清了所有的问题后，要返回文中相关处，仔细阅读。这就需要对自己所掌握的信息进行分析、推断，最后得出正确的答案。 (3)逐一排除，确定答案。阅读选择题通常会给出三到四个选项，其中有些是干扰项，有时候可以运用排除法。 (4)复读全文，检查答案。答完题后要核对一下文章和答案，看看是否前后一致，意义与语法是否与原文一致，是否合乎逻辑，一旦发现问题，要及时纠正。 在阅读理解中，虽然有时候在选项里会出现原文中的某些语句，但它们往往是迷惑项，甚至与题干毫不相干。 考点一 完形填空 例题 完形填空。 Mr Hu is a new teacher in our school. He 1 us English this term. He is nice. He 2 wearing a white shirt and black trousers. He 3 English very well. He often 4 with us in English. We all like him very much. Mr Hu 5 two little sons. They're twin brothers. They are only five. They often 6 the same clothes. 7 Betty goes to Mr Hu's home. She loves to the twins and play 8 with 9 . Mr Hu 10 his sons Baobao and Beibei. 1.A.tells B. teaches C. asks D. reads 2.A.is B. likes C. wants D. does 3.A.speaks B. says C. tells D. talks 4.A.stays B. plays C. talks D. goes 5.A.wants B. has C. looks after D. teaches 6.A.wear B. put on C. have D. take off 7.A.But B. And C. Then D. Sometimes 8.A.look B. think C. take D. see 9.A.twins B. ones C. they D. them 10.A.calls B.name C. thinks D. think 剖析 在做完形填空题时，一定要先将文章的大概意思弄懂，然后再考虑用合适的单词填空。 1.由上文可知MrHu是老师，此处应是“他这个学期教我们英语”。 2.由wearing 可首先排除C、D项。若选A项，可构成现在进行时，表示“正穿着”；若选B项，则构成一般现在时，表示“喜欢穿着”。联系上下文，应表达一般情况，故选B. 3.此题要正确区分speak, say, tell, talk的用法，此处表示“说某种语言”用speak. 4.由in English可知，此处表示“他经常用英语和我们交流”。talk with sb.表示“和某人交谈”。 5.此处表示某人有某物。主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用has. 6.根据句意，此处应用表示“穿着；戴着”，强调状态的词。wear=be in,强调“穿”的状态。put on强调“穿”的动作。 7.此题的意思是贝蒂有时去胡老师的家。sometimes意为“有时”。 8.表示看望某人用短语see sb.. 9.从with可知介词后面要用代词的宾格形式。 10.由后面的名字可知是称呼的意思，而call表示“称呼，叫”。 答案：1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.D 9.D 10.A 知能训练一 阅读短文，选择最佳选项。 (A) A French student went to London for his holiday. He thought, “I know 1 English. But I think people can understand me.” One day, he went into a 2 and sat down at a table. He wanted to 3 some eggs and a cup of tea. Soon the waiter came up to him and asked,“ Can I help you?”“A cup of tea...”The student couldn't remember the 4 word for eggs. He looked around him, but 5 was eating eggs. Then he saw a 6 book on the table next to him. There was a picture of a 7 on its cover(封面)．He 8 the picture to the waiter, and asked“ What's this in English?” “A cock,” answered the waiter.“What do you call a cock's wife?” he asked again.“A hen.” “And what do you call their children?”“Chicks.”“And what do you call chicks 9 they are born?""Eggs.” “Bring me two 10 and a cup of tea, please." The French student said happily. 1.A.much B. a little C. more D. a few 2. A. restaurant B.post office C. cinema D. hospital 3.A.drink B. take C. have D. carry 4.A.English B. Chinese C. French D. Japanese 5.A.someone B. everyone C. nobody D. anybody 6.A.story B. picture C. history D. science 7.A. bird B.cow C. cock D. sheep 8.A.read B. put C. bought D. showed 9.A.after B. before C. when D. in front of 10.A.hens B. chicks C. cocks D. eggs (B) Some people like going to bed 1 . It makes them get up very late next morning. They have 2 time to cook breakfast, and even have no time to have it. So they go to work without breakfast. It's not a healthy lifestyle(生活方式), 3 a good breakfast is very important for 4 . Maybe you don't know. By breakfast time, you haven't eaten 5 for about twelve hours. Your body needs food, or you can't work 6 .For breakfast, you should have some rice or bread, an egg, some milk and some fruit. It 7 you work better. On a 8 morning, you should 9 a cup of hot drink. You must get up early to have enough(足够的)time to have breakfast. So if you want to keep 10 ,remember to have a good breakfast every day. 1.A.fast B. late C. early D. quickly 2.A.some B. any C. not D. no 3.A.because B. but C. so D. also 4.A.us B. we C. our D. ours 5.A.something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 6.A.good B. hardly C. well D. nice 7.A.make B. let C. asks D. makes 8.A.sunny B. cold C. cool D. busy 9.A.have B. has C. had D.eat 10.A.health B. healthy C. safely D. safe 考点二 阅读理解 例题 阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F). An old tiger lives in the forest. He doesn't want to look for food by himself. He often tells other animals to bring him something to eat. He sees a monkey and says,“ I'm hungry, Monkey. Go to the village and get me a fat pig.” “Oh, Tiger,” says the monkey. “I can't do that now. There is another tiger over there. He also wants a fat pig. He will not let me get anything for you to eat. I am afraid of him.” “What?” cries the old tiger. “Show me that tiger. I will talk to him.” “Come with me,” says the monkey. The monkey and the tiger get to a bridge over the river. “Now look down at the river,” says the monkey.“Do you see the head, the white teeth and the large green eyes of a tiger? Isn't he stronger than you?” “Yes, he is,” cries the old tiger. “I will eat him up!” With these words, the tiger jumps into the river. ( )1. The tiger wants the monkey to bring him a big dog. ( )2.The monkey is not afraid of the old tiger. ( )3.The monkey and the tiger get to a bridge over the river. ( )4.The tiger jumps into the river at last(最后)． ( )5.The tiger is very clever. 剖析 1.从老虎看见猴子后对猴子说的话：Go to the village and get me a fat pig.可知老虎想让猴子给它弄一头肥猪来，而不是弄一只大狗。所以本题错误。 2.读完短文，我们知道根本没有另一只老虎，文中猴子说害怕另一只老虎是为了骗那只年迈的老虎，它并不怕那只老虎并与其智斗。所以本题正确。 3.从短文中的原句：The monkey and the tiger get to a bridge over the river.可知本题正确。 4.从短文末尾：．．．the tiger jumps into the river.可知老虎最后跳进了河里。所以本题正确。 5.阅读短文可知，老虎以为河中自己的倒影是另一只强壮的老虎，老虎连自己的倒影都分不清，可知老虎是愚蠢的。所以本题错误。 答案: 1.F 2.T 3.T 4.T 5.F 知能训练二 一、阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 Little Peter is a boy of nine. He began to go to school when he was six, and now he's in Grade Four. His home is not far from the school. It takes him ten minutes to walk to school, but he is often late for school. He likes watching TV in the evening and goes to bed late, so he can't get up on time in the morning. Yesterday morning Peter got up late again. When he hurried to school, it was eight fifteen. Mrs Smith, his teacher, was very angry.“You're ten minutes late for school, Peter. Why are you often late for school?”“Every time I get to the street corner(拐角)，I see a sign(路标)。It says,＇SCHOOL-GO SLOW!'" Peter said. 1.Peter is in Grade_________ . A. Two B. Three C. Four 2.Peter often goes to school_________. A. on foot B. by bike C. by bus 3.Peter likes_________ in the evening. A. reading B. watching TV C. playing basketball 4.School begins at_________. A.8:00-B.8:05-C.8:15- 5.The sign is for_________. A. Peter B. students C. drivers 二、阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F). Dear Mum, How are you? I'm happy at Grandpa's house. Every day I have fun with Xiaomei. Last Saturday we went swimming. Last Sunday we went fishing. Last Monday we went to the farm. We saw many ducks, geese, rabbits and chicken. They are lovely. There are some vegetables. They are fresh. Last Tuesday we rowed a boat in the river. Last Wednesday we climbed a mountain and took many pictures. Last Thursday Grandma cooked for us. We ate dumplings and a lot of good food. Today is Friday. We cleaned the room for grandparents this morning. I will go home this Sunday. Love, Dingding ( )1.Dingding went swimming last Monday. ( )2.They saw rabbits on the farm. ( )3.They rowed a boat in the river last Tuesday. ( )4.They went to a restaurant and ate good food. ( )5.Dingding will go home tomorrow. 过关训练 一、完形填空。 (A) Lily is a little girl. She is not at 1 . She doesn't know how to read 2 write. But her sister Lina is a pupil. She can read and write well. One day, Lina sees her little sister in the room. There is a(n) 3 in her hand. She is writing. “What are you writing, Lily?” Lina asks. “I'm writing 4 my friend, Rose.”“But how can you? You don't know how to write.”“Well,” says Lily.“It doesn't matter. Rose doesn't know how to 5 either.” 1.A.home B. school C. work D. hospital 2.A.and B. also C. or D .either 3.A.pencil B. eraser C. ruler D. knife 4.A.for B. from C. with D. to 5.A.dance B. sing C. write D. read (B) Jim Green is an announcer for the program. Most of the girls 1 boys like the program. They 2 like Jim Green. Some of them often make phone calls to him and thank him 3 his work. There are lots of 4 to him every day, too. Jim Green gets up at 6:00 every morning. He has bread and a glass of milk 5 breakfast. He leaves home at 6:30 and 6 his office at 7:15. The program 7 at 7:30. He plays the new records of the pop songs and modern music for his listeners. At 8:00,it's time 8 the news. Jim finishes work at 10:30. He goes home 9 car. He 10 newspapers and listens to music after lunch. He thinks his life is very interesting. 1.A.and B. with C. but D. about 2.A.too B. to C. also D. so 3.A.to B. for C. of D. and 4.A.letter B. letters C. friends D. words 5.A.at B. with C. for D. to 6.A.goes B. gets C. gets to D. gets up 7.A.begins B. finishes C. over D. start 8.A.to B. for C. of D. in 9.A.by B. in C. on D. takes 10.A.looks B. reads C. sees D. watches 二、阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 (A) Changes in our lives are everywhere. In the past, people wrote to each other. They had to spend a lot of time waiting for the letters. But now we can connect(联系)with each other by phone and computer. We can use WeChat(微信)or QQ. It's quick and easy. In the past, we went to markets and shops to buy things. But now we like to buy things online. We can buy things at any time if we want to. Now, I am teaching my grandmother how to shop online. She can't walk very far, so it will be easy for her if she shops online. In the past, the teaching tools were only chalk(粉笔)and blackboards. But now teachers use computers to teach students. Computers make study more colourful and interesting. Students can also do homework online. 1.How did people connect with other people in the past? A. By writing letters. B. Byusing chalk. C. By using computers. 2.Can the writer's grandma walk very far? A. Yes, she can. B. No, she can't. C. She can't walk very far. 3.We can buy things online_________. A. at daytime B. at night C. at any time 4.In the past, teachers used_________ to teach students. A. computers and chalk B. blackboards and computers C. chalk and blackboards 5.The best title(标题)of the article(文章)is_________. A. Internet(互联网)Life B. Changes in Our Lives C. Colourful and Interesting Life (B) The Palace Museum VISITING TIME(参观时间) OPEN: Tuesday-Sunday CLOSE: Monday April 1st-October 31st: 8:30-17:00 November 1st-March 31st: 8:30-16:30 LOCATION(地址) The Palace Museum is in the heart of Beijing. Bus: No. 2, No.59, No.82, No.99 Subway: Line 1 TICKETS(门票) April 1st-October 31st: ¥60 November 1st-March 31st:¥40 Students:¥20 Tips(提示)：No pets. No smoking. Talk quietly. 1.The museum is closed on_________. A. Mondays B. Sundays C. Saturdays 2.The Palace Museum is in_________. A. Shanghai B. Beijing C. Yunnan 3.You can go to the museum by_________. A. subway B. bus C. both A and B 4.How much are the students' tickets? A.60 yuan. B.40 yuan. C.20 yuan. 5.You should_________ inside the museum. A. talk quietly B. smoke C. walk your pet (C) It was sunny and hot yesterday. Mike and John went to the swimming pool. They felt very hot. They took off their clothes and jumped into the water. They swam happily. A dog came. It carried a slipper(拖鞋)and ran away. Thirty minutes later, they came out of the water and put on their clothes. But Mike couldn't find his another slipper.“Where's my slipper?” Mike shouted,“ I can't find it.”They looked for the slipper here and there, but they couldn't find it. Then they went back home. “Look, my slipper!” Mike shouted again.“It's on the sofa. The dog took it home. The naughty dog!" 1.It was_________ yesterday. A. sunny and hot B. sunny and cold C. sunny and cool 2.Mike and John went swimming in the_________. A.sea B. lake C. swimming pool 3.They were_________ when they swam. A. happy B. angry C. afraid 4.The dog took the_________ away. A. clothes B. slipper C.cap 5.The slipper was_________. A. at home B. in the swimming pool C. in the sea (D) The crow is a kind of bird. It is black all over and about 20 inches long. Crows are “dirty” birds because they live on old bad food. They eat a lot of waste food. In this way, they are more useful to us than other birds. They clean up the waste in our neighbourhood. Crows are always hungry. They look for food all day long, and in the evening you can see them in large numbers flying back to their nests in the trees. They sleep there at night. Crows are much nosier than other birds. Usually a large number of crows will get together on one house and talk much. Sometimes they talk together, and sometimes they do it by turns like human beings. It is easy to tell from crows' sounds whether they are pleased or angry. Maybe crows talk a lot because they are friendly birds. A pair of crows will live together all their lives. If one of them dies, the other one becomes very sad and quiet for the rest of its life and soon it dies, too. 1.A crow is_________ inches long. A. just twenty B. over twenty C. around twenty D. less than twenty 2.-Why are crows“ dirty"?-Because they_________. A. are black all over the body B. like to eat dirty food C. are talkative D. sleep at night 3.-Why are crows more useful to us than other birds?-Because they_________. A. are usually noisy B. are usually dirty C. are flying in large numbers D.eat a lot of waste food 4.Crows are always_________. A. hungry B. pleased C.sad D. kind 5.You can tell from crows' sounds whether they are_________. A. hungry or full B. pleased or angry C.ill or healthy D. living or dead 三、阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F). (A) There are three children under the tree. They are all my good friends. The boy in a black T-shirt is Tom. The girl in a pink dress is Jane and the girl in a red skirt is Emma. Tom is in the same class with me. We often play football together. Tom's mother is a nurse and his father is a teacher. Tom wants to be a doctor in the future. Jane's mother and my mother work at the same factory. They are also good friends. Jane's father is a teacher. He teaches Maths very well. He is very kind and we all like him. Emma's family just moved into the town from countryside. Her father used to be a farmer. He is now working in a small company. Emma's mother is a housewife. ( )1.There are two girls and one boy under the tree. ( )2.There are only two people in Tom's family. ( )3. Tom's mother is a doctor. ( )4.My mother is a worker. ( )5.Jane's father teaches Maths. (B) Long long ago, there was a beautiful garden. It was the giant's(巨人的)garden, but he wasn't at home. Some children played games in the garden every afternoon. They ran and jumped excitedly. One day, the giant came back home. He saw the children and said angrily,“ This is my garden. Go away!”The next day, the giant built(搭建)a wall around his garden and put a sign on the wall-“NO CHILDREN". The wall was very high so the children couldn't see the garden. The summer came soon, but there was still snow in the garden. The childen made a hole in the wall and went into the garden. Soon the giant heard a bird singing beautifully. He was surprised and looked out of the window. He saw the children playing in the garden and it became green and beautiful again. The giant went outside with a smile(微笑)。He walked to the children and said, “Little children, this is your garden now.” He took down the wall at once. The children cheered loudly. ( )1. The children had a beautiful garden. ( )2.The giant drove the children away because he didn't like them. ( )3.The sign on the wall means the children could play there. ( )4. The children climbed up the wall and went into the garden. ( )5.The giant was friendly to the children at last. 四、阅读短文，回答问题。 A crow is sitting in a big tree. She has a big piece of meat in her mouth.“My babies will have a nice breakfast,” she thinks. An old fox is looking for his breakfast. He sees the crow and the meat.“How can I get that piece of meat?” he thinks. “Good morning, Mrs Crow," says the fox very sweetly. “How are you?” But the crow doesn't say a word. “You have very nice babies, Mrs Crow,” says the fox very sweetly.“How are they? May I see them?” Still, the crow doesn't say a word. “You are very beautiful, Mrs Crow. And you have a beautiful voice, too,” says the fox very, very sweetly.“Will you sing a song for me?” Mrs Crow thinks, “How nice Mr Fox is! I must sing him a song.” So she opens her mouth,“ Caw(乌鸦的叫声)！Caw!”Down drops the meat into the fox's mouth. 1.What does the crow have in her mouth? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What is the old fox looking for? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.The fox says “Good morning” to the crow. Does the crow say anything? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.Why does the crow open her mouth? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.Who gets the meat at last? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 真题演练 一、(广州)选择适当的单词或词组补全短文。 A. quiet B. nearby C. only D. more than E. But now F. sees G. far away H. takes When Ben was in England, he lived in a small village in the countryside. It had 1 two shops and most of the people worked on farms. Ben's village school was very small too. There were only 150 pupils. His home was 2 so he walked to school every day. 3 ,Ben lives in a big city. The city has many people, cars and tall buildings. In the city, Ben goes to a very big school. It has 4 1,000 pupils. His home is 5 ,so every day he 6 the bus. On the bus, he 7 people going to work in modern office buildings and department stores. Ben loves the city. There are many things to do and he has lots of friends. But sometimes he misses the 8 life of his English village. 1.__________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5.__________ 6. __________ 7. __________ 8. __________ 二、(深圳)完形填空。 Hello! My name is Ben. I'm a 1 in an online(线上的)school. I'm never late for school because I have lessons at 2 . I wake up at 7:30 every morning. At 8:00,I 3 breakfast with my family and then I play with my dog 4 classes begin. At 9:00 in the morning, I log(登录)into the online school to have lessons. I learn many 5 online, such as(例如)Maths, History, Science and Art. My favourite subject 6 Science. I think it's interesting. After class, I can chat 7 my teachers. They are friendly to me. After lunch, I usually read a book or help my mum with the housework before 8 lessons. There are also a lot of after-school activities. I'm good at writing, and I am in an online club. It's a great way to 9 friends. I have a lot of homework too. And I always do my homework after class. Then I have some free time to play with my friends and family in the evening. For 10 ,online learning is the best choice(选择)． 1.A.teacher B. student C. worker 2.A.seven B. school C. home 3.A.has B. had C.eat 4.A.before B. after C. when 5.A.subjects B. lesson C. subject 6.A.are C. am B. is 7.A.to B. with C. on 8.A.have B. morning C. afternoon 9.A.met B. good C. make 10.A.I B. me C. him 三、(中山)阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 Everybody wants to have a happy life. The problem is that no one teaches you how to live a happy life. There are many ways and here are three of them to help you start. What is happiness? I often hear people say they want to be happy. But when I ask them what happiness is to them, they don't know how to explain(解释)it. If you don't know what happiness is to you, happiness is only a word. Have goals(目标)。 If you know what makes you happy, you need to have goals to get those things. You can't get happiness if you only want it but don't make it come true. Don't do things that make you unhappy. This may seem very easy but you would be surprised how many people do things that make them unhappy. If you want happiness in your life, you have to do things that make you happy. 1.According to the passage, everybody wants to__________ . A. have a good job B. travel around the world C. live a happy life 2.For many people, it is__________ to explain what happiness is. A. easy B. difficult C. exciting 3.What does the underlined(画线的)sentence mean? A. We can get happiness easily. B. We don't know what happiness is. C. We should do something to get happiness. 4.Which of the following is NOT true? A. Many people do things that make them unhappy. B. Everybody knows clearly how to live a happy life. C. If you don't know what happiness is to you, happiness is only a word. 5.What is the best title for this passage? A. Three Ways to Start a Happy Life B. Three Ways to Have a Good Job C. Three Things That Make You Successful 四、(郑州)仔细阅读请柬，根据内容完成表格。 INVITATION Dear Friends, It is time to leave our school now. Middle school is waiting for us. We will say goodbye to our school and our teachers. What do you want to do? There will be a farewell party in the gym next week. We will listen to music, play games and have a big dinner together with our teachers! It will be great fun. What are you waiting for? Don't forget the time of the party: 3:00 p.m., next Friday. See you at the party. About the Invitation What is the invitation for? 1.It is for______________________________________________________. When is the party? 2.It is________________________________________________________. Where is it? 3.It is_________________________________________________________. What will they do? 4. ____________________________________________________________ Why will they have the party? 5. ____________________________________________________________ 参考答案: 知能训练一 (A)1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.D (B) 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.B 知能训练二 一、1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 二、1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F 过关训练 一、(A)1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.D (B) 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.B 二、(A)1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.B (B)1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A (C) 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A (D)1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B 三、(A)1.T 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.T (B) 1.F 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T 四、1.A piece of meat. 2.Breakfast. 3.No,she doesn't. 4.Because she wants to sing a song for the fox. 5.The fox. 真题演练 一、1.C 2.B 3.E 4.D 5.G 6.H 7.F 8.A 二、1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.B 三、1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 四、1.a farewell party 2.at 3:00 p.m. next Friday 3.i the gym 4. They will listen to music, play games and have a big dinner together with their teachers 5.Because they will say goodbye to their school and their teachers 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$