专题10 情景交际-2025年英语小升初知识详细讲解

2025学年英语小升初知识详细讲解 专题10 情景交际 考点归纳 考点 知识梳理 要点提示 问 候 Good morning/afternoon/evening!早上／下午／晚上好！ Hello!/Hi!你好！(用于引起对方注意的招呼语) Nice to meet you./Glad to meet you.认识你很高兴。(用于初次见面时的寒暄用语) How do you do? 你好！ How are you?你好吗？(用于询问对方身体状况) Fine, thank you. And you?很好，谢谢你。你呢？ I'm fine, too. Thank you.我也很好。谢谢你。 How do you do?用于陌生人的初次见面问候，通常在正式场合使用，回答只能用：How do you do? 介 绍 1.自我介绍。 I'm.../My name is...我是······(介绍姓名) I'm from.../I come from... 我来自······(介绍籍贯) I like...我喜欢······(介绍喜好) 2.介绍别人。 This is...这是······(介绍别人时一般用这个句型) She's.../He's...她是···-/他是······(介绍身份或职业) 西方人在作介绍时，一般介绍全名，当双方都是年轻人时，也可只介绍名字。 询 问 1.询问姓名。 (1)What's your/his/her name?你／他／她叫什么名字？ (2)Are you...?你是······吗？ 2.询问年龄。 -How old are you?你多大了？ -I'm...(years old).我·······岁。 -How old is he/she?他／她多大了？ -He/ She is...years old).他／她······岁。 3.询问人物。 -Who is the man/woman?那个男士／女士是谁？ -He/ She is...他／她是······· 4.询问职业。 What's he/she?=What's his/her job?他／她是做什么工作的？ What do you do?=What's your job?你是做什么工作的？ 5.询问爱好。 -What's your favourite food/season/colour/fruit? 你最喜欢的食物／季节／颜色／水果是什么？ -I like...我喜欢····· 英语中常用what 对他人的身份、职业提问，且通常与第三人称he、she、they等连用。 道 别 Goodbye!(比较正式的告别用语) Bye-bye!/Bye!/See you then!/See you later!(非正式场合下的告别用语) Good night!晚安！(晚上道别时用) See you then!常用于熟人之间。 邀 请 It's time for...到做······的时间了。 Would you like to...? 你想要(做)·····吗？ 感 谢 与 道 歉 1.表达谢意。 Thank you(very much)!非常感谢！ Thanks(a lot)!多谢！ Thank you for...感谢你······ 2.应答别人的感谢。 You're welcome.不用谢。 That's OK./All right.不用谢。 My pleasure.我很乐意。 Not at all.不客气。 3.表达歉意。 Sorry./I'm sorry.对不起。 I'm sorry for...因······很抱歉。 Excuse me for...因·····..而请原谅。 I beg your pardon.请原谅。／对不起，请再说一遍。 4.应答别人的道歉。 It doesn't matter.没关系。 Never mind.不要紧。 That's all right.没关系。 1.当请求别人帮助，他人无能为力或婉言拒绝时，同样要表示感谢。 2.Excuse me.常用于当需要打断某人，跟不认识的人说话、请某人让路或提出异议等场合，句中一般要讲清楚道歉的原因。但当Excuse me 单独使用时，是表示客气的说法。 打 电 话 May I speak to...,please? 请······听(接)电话好吗？ Hello! This is...speaking.您好！我是···... Is that...(speaking)?你是······吗？ Hold on, please./Just for a moment, please.请稍等，别挂断。 It's for you.有你的电话。 He/ She isn't here just now.这会儿他／她不在。 打电话时，常用this表示“我”，that表示“你”。 谈 论 天 气 What's the weather like today?=How's the weather today?今天天气怎么样？ It's cloudy/sunny/rainy/windy/snowy.今天多云／晴朗／下雨／刮风／下雪。 Today is a fine day.今天天气很好。 What's the weather like...?/How's the weather...?······天气怎么样？ It's a snowy day.是个下雪天。 It's getting cool/warm/cold/hot.天气渐渐变凉快／暖和／冷／热。 What a cold/hot day today! 今天天气真冷／热啊！ It looks like rain.看起来要下雨了。 1.回答天气状况时，一般用it's加表示天气的形容词。 2.下雨天、下雪天、大风天等要用形容词修饰day. 购 物 1.售货员常用语。 What can I do for you?我能帮您做什么吗？(您要买什么？) May/Can I help you?我能为您效劳吗？ How many/much do you want?你要买多少？ What colour/size/kind do you want?你想要什么颜色／尺码／种类的？ What/How about...?······怎么样？ What size?多大号？ 2.顾客常用语。 I want...我想要····· I'm looking for...我想买····· I'd like...我想······ How much is/are...?··.···多少钱？ 在商店买东西时，售货员的礼貌用语，中西方表达不同。要注意中西方文化背景的差异。 节 假 日 Enjoy yourself! 祝你玩得愉快！ Have a good time! 祝你玩得开心！ Have a nice weekend! 祝你周末快乐！ Happy birthday(to you)!(祝你)生日快乐！ Happy New Year! 新年快乐！ 时 间 与 日 期 1.-What time is it?=What's the time?几点了？ -It's seven thirty.七点半。 2.-What day is it today?今天星期几？ -It's Sunday.今天星期天。 3.-What's the date today?今天几号？ -It's May 1st.五月一日。 1.注意at、to、past 和quarter在表示时间时的用法。 2.在星期几前一般用介词on. 看 病 1.医生用语。 What's the matter/trouble(with you)?(你)怎么了？ What's wrong(with you)?(你)怎么了？ Have you got a headache? 你头痛吗？ How long have you been like this?你像这样有多久了？ How are you feeling now?你现在感觉怎么样？ Take this medicine...times a day.这药一天吃······次。 It's nothing serious.没什么严重的。 You'll be well/all right soon.你很快就能好起来。 2.病人用语。 I have a headache/fever/toothache/cold.我头痛／发烧／牙痛／感冒。 I feel bad.我感觉不舒服。 I don't feel well.我不舒服。 I have a sore throat.我嗓子疼。 matter 和 trouble是名词，前面要加the,而wrong 是形容词，不加the. 问 路 1.问路。 Excuse me, where is...?打扰一下，请问······在哪儿？ How can I get to...?我怎样才能到达······? Can you tell me the way to...?你能告诉我······的路线吗？ Which is the way to.,,?去······怎么走？ 2.指路。 This way, please.请走这边。 You can take No.8 bus.你可乘8路公交车。 Go straight.一直走。 Turn left/right.向左转／右转。 注意用恰当的介词表示位置。 考点剖析 例题 单项选择。 1.-________ -This is Mike speaking. A. Who are you? B. Who is that? C. What's your name? 2.- ________ -I have a headache. A. How are you? B. What's wrong with you? C. What's trouble? D. Are you OK? 剖析 1.本题考查电话用语。根据答语可知，问句是问对方是谁，应选以Who开头的问句，而A项不是电话用语，所以选B.做此类型的题目，一定要注意区分电话用语和生活用语的不同，并根据上下句提示选择正确答案。 2.根据答语可知问句是询问“你怎么了”，这类相关表达有：What's wrong(with you)?/What's the matter (with you)?/What's the trouble (with you)?A项和D项不是答语所对应的问句。C项表达不正确，trouble前面要加the. 答案:1.B 2.B 知能训练 一、根据情景，选择最佳答案。 1.当你想知道今天的天气怎么样时，你应该说：________ A. How is today? B. What a fine day today! C. What's the weather like today? 2.同学过生日，你要祝他生日快乐时，你应该说：________ A. It is fine today. B. Today is your birthday. C. Happy birthday to you! 3.当别人对你说“Happy New Year!”时，你应该回答：________ A. Thank you. B. The same to you. C. I'm happy today. 4.当你想知道别人的年龄时，你会问：________ A. How are you? B. How old are you? C. How many are you? 5.当你想打扰别人时，你应该先说：________ A. Excuse me. B. I'm sorry. C. Hello! 二、从II栏中找出I栏中相应的答语。 I II ( )1.Are you ready for supper? A. Don't worry. I'll show you. ( )2.Do you want to visit the Great Wall? B. It's windy. ( )3.I don't know how to use chopsticks. C. Yes, a lot. ( )4.Are you taking any medicine? D. Not yet. ( )5.How is the weather today? E. Yes, I do. I hope I can go there. 过关训练 一、单项选择。 1.-Mum,let's go to the park.- ________ A. Good luck! B. Not at all! C. Good idea! D. Thank you! 2.-Would you like some water?- ________ A. Yes, please. B. Sorry. C. Help yourself. D. Great! 3.-Hello,I'm Lily. We're in the same class.- ________ A. Yes, we are. B. Glad to meet you. C. I'm sorry, but I don't know you. D.I will go. 4.-Happy Teachers' Day, Miss Wang!- ________ A. Thank you very much. B. Who are you? C. I'm speaking. D. I'm Mr Wang. 5.-Thank you for your help!- ________ A. You're OK. B. You're welcome. C. No, thanks. D. Me, too. 6.-I was ill in bed yesterday.- ________ A. I'm glad to hear that. B. Thanks a lot. C. I'm sorry to hear that. D. Congratulations! 7.-Hello,may I speak to John?- ________ A. Who are you? B. Speaking! C. How do you do? D. Yes, I do. 8.-What would you like to drink?- ________ A. I'd like an egg and fish. B. I'd like some juice. C. Just a few, please. D. Oh, no. That's great. 9.- ________, young man? -I have got a cold. A. What's the matter B. What's ill with you C. What's your name D. What do you have 10.-I think Danny will lose the game.- ________ We all think he'll win. A. That's right. B. Sure, no problem. C. What's the matter? D.I don't think we agree. 二、看图，读对话，并把对话的字母编号填在与之意思一致的图片下的括号里。 A.-What did your mother do last weekend? -She went shopping with my brother. B.-What are you going to do this Sunday? -We are going hiking this Sunday. C.-Look at that shirt. It's very nice. -Yes, I like it. D.-What's the weather like today? -It's rainy. Take an umbrella with you. E.-Excuse me, where is the hotel? -Go straight along the way. It's not far. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 三、从II栏中找出I栏中相应的答语。 I II ( )1.What's the matter? A.I went skiing. ( )2.What's your favourite food? B. I'd like some oranges. ( )3.Did you have eggs for breakfast? C.I often play football. ( )4.What would you like? D. My favourite food is chicken. ( )5.How do you feel now? E. Sure. Here you are. ( )6.Where is the bus stop? F. Yes, I did. ( )7.Can I have some bread? G.I have a toothache. ( )8.What did you do on your holiday? H. I'm writing an e-mail. ( )9.What are you doing? I. It's behind the supermarket. ( )10.What do you do on Saturdays? J.I feel sad now. 四、从方框中选择合适的选项补全对话。 A:Hi,Mike! 1 B:I'm going to visit Shenzhen. A: 2 It's a beautiful city. B:Yes. A: 3 B:I stayed at home. A:What did you do? B: 4 A:Oh,it's bad for your eyes. B:Yes. So I want to go out next weekend. What are you going to do? A:I am going to take part in a piano competition(比赛)。 B: 5 Good luck to you! A.I watched TV and played computer games. B.I know you are good at playing the piano. C. What are you going to do next weekend? D. Oh, I went there last year. E. Where did you go last weekend? 1.__________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________ 五、完成对话，每空一词。 1.A: __________ are you going? B:I'm going to the shopping centre. A: __________ do you want to do there? B: __________ like to__________ a hat__________ my daughter. A:Shall we go there__________ taxi? B:All right. 2.A: __________ you get up as__________ as your brother? B:No. I get up at 6:30,but he__________ up at 6:15. A:So you get up__________ than him. 六、写出下列句子的同义句。 1.Excuse me, do you know the way to the cinema? Excuse me, __________ __________ the cinema? 2.What's the time? What__________ __________ it? 3.What's the price of this coat? __________ __________ is this coat? 4.What about this sweater? __________ __________ this sweater? 5.It's time for breakfast. It's time__________ __________ breakfast. 七、用数字给下列句子排序，使其成为一段合理的对话。 ( )Hello! This is Bill speaking. ( )Let me have a look. Oh, yes, it is. ( )Bill, is my ruler in your English book? ( )Hello! Can I speak to Bill? ( )Could you bring it to school on Monday? ( )Of course. 八、阅读对话，判断正(T)误(F). Dad: Which dog do you like? John: I like the black dog. It is taller than the white one. Dad: Do you like the shorter brown one? John: I think I like the taller one. It's stronger. Dad: I like the white dog. It's younger. Its tail is 6 cm long. John: The black dog is taller than the brown one. I think it is 30 cm tall. Dad: I think the brown dog is only 20 cm tall. John: Can I get a new dog? I'm older now. Dad: No, you have two dogs already! ( )1.John likes the black dog. ( )2. The black dog is taller than the white one. ( )3. The black dog is taller than the brown one. ( )4. The brown dog is only 30 cm tall. ( )5.John doesn't like the taller dog. 真题演练 一、(南京)给下列句子选择合适的答语。 ( )1.How is your holiday, Liu Tao? ( )2.What should I do to feel well? ( )3.Don't make so much noise. ( )4.Let's go and visit the Bund. ( )5.Would you like some ice creams? A. That sounds great. B. It's great fun. C. You can take some medicine. D. I'm so sorry. E. Yes, please. 二、从方框中选择合适的选项补全对话。 (A)(深圳) Lisa: Would you like to go to the shop to look at some clothes? Candy: Sure. Lisa: Look! 1 Candy: Yes, and they are in so many colours! Red, green, yellow, white and orange. Lisa: 2 Candy: Red. Red is my favourite colour. Shop assistant: Which one do you want? Candy: The short one, please. 3 Shop assistant: It's 88 yuan. Candy: OK. I'll take it. Shop assistant: Here you are. Candy: Oh, it's 11 o'clock. 4 Lisa: Why don't we have lunch together? What would you like? Candy: 5 Lisa: OK. Let's go to Mian Dian Wang. A. It's time for lunch. I'm a bit hungry. B. How beautiful these dresses are! C. What is your favourite colour? D. I'd like dumplings and some noodles. E. How much is it? 1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________ (B)(广州) Ben: Good morning, doctor. Doctor: Good morning. 1 Ben: I don't feel well. Sometimes I feel hot and sometimes I feel cold. 2 Doctor: 3 Well, I think you have a cold. Ben: Oh! What should I do then? Doctor: 4 Drink a lot of water. Ben: OK. Doctor: 5 Ben: All right. Thank you. A. And I have a headache. B. And take more rest. C. What's the matter with you? D. Let me give you a check-up. E. Take the medicine three times a day. 1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________ 参考答案: 知能训练 一、1.C 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 二、1.D 2.E 3.A 4.C 5.B 过关训练 一、1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.D 二、1.B 2.E 3.A 4.C 5.D 三、1.G 2.D 3.F 4.B 5.J 6.I 7.E 8.A 9.H 10.C 四、1.C 2.D 3.E 4.A 5.B 五、1.Where What I'd buy for by 2.Do early gets later 六、1.where is 2.time is 3.How much 4.How about 5.to have/eat 七、243156 八、1.T 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F 真题演练 一、1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.E 二、(A)1.B 2.C 3.E 4.A 5.D (B) 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.E 5.B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$