专题05 数词-2025年英语小升初知识详细讲解

2025学年英语小升初知识详细讲解 专题05 数词 专题解说 数词是用来表示事物的数目大小和顺序先后的词，也就是表示“多少”和“第几”的词。 考点归纳 考点 知识梳理 要点提示 基 数 词 1.表示数目的多少的词叫基数词。 2.基数词的构成。 数字 变化规律 基数词 1~12 没有变化规律，需特殊记忆 one、two、three、four、five、six、seven、eight、nine、ten、eleven、twelve 13~19 这些词以teen结尾 thirteen、fourteen、fifteen、sixteen、seventeen、eighteen、nineteen 20~90(其中整十的数字) 这些词以ty结尾 twenty、thirty、forty、fifty、sixty、seventy、eighty、ninety 其他两位数 十位与个位之间用英文连字符“-” twenty-two、thirty-one 100~900(其中整百的数字) 1~9的数字＋hundred one hundred、two hundred 其他三位数 1~9的数字＋hundred+and+几十几 one hundred and ninety-nine、one hundred and one、three hundred and twenty-five 整千的数字 1~9的数字＋thousand one thousand、two thousand hundred、thousand等前面有具体数字修饰时，后面不能加-s.表示约数时，词尾要加-s,并与of连用。如：hundreds of数以百计的。 序 数 词 1.表示事物的先后顺序的词称为序数词。 2.序数词的构成。 构成方法 示例 一般情况在基数词后加-th构成相应的序数词 four-fourth, thirteen-thirteenth 整十数的序数词的构成是将基数词词尾的y变为ie,再加-th twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth 两位及两位以上的基数词变为序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词 twenty-one-twenty-first, one hundred and fifty-three- one hundred and fifty-third 特殊情况特殊记 one-first, two-second, three-third, five-fifth, eight-eighth, nine-ninth, twelve-twelfth 3.序数词的用法。 (1)序数词在使用时一般在前面加上定冠词the,但当序数词前有物主代词等修饰时，不再加定冠词。如： The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国的第二长河。 Today is her ninth birthday.今天是她九岁的生日。 (2)序数词前可以加上不定冠词a或an,用来表示“再一；又一”。如： I can have a third try.我可以再试一次。(表示这将是第三次尝试) 基数词变序数词的规则： 一、二、三特殊记(first、second、third),th从四起(序数词尾都有th),八去t,九去e(eighth, ninth),f来把ve替(fifth),ty变为tie(整十的数词)，然后再加th(twentieth),想要变为几十几，只变个位就可以。 数 词 的 用 法 1.表示编号。在表示有编号的事物时，可用基数词，也可用序数词，但表现形式不同。如： Room 577/Room No.577 第577号房间 the No.16 Middle School 第十六中学 Book Four/the Fourth Book 第四册书 two nine zero two three two nine one 电话号码 29023291 one three eight Zhongshan Road 中山路138号 2.表示年、月、日。 (1)表示“年”用基数词，通常先读前面两位数，再读后面两位数。如： 1949读作 nineteen hundred and forty-nine 或 nineteen forty-nine 1902读作 nineteen hundred and two 或 nineteen zero two (2)表示“月”，用“介词in+某月”。如： in July 在七月 (3)表示“日期”，前面要用定冠词the,表示具体某日要用介词on.如： on the twenty-fourth 在二十四日 (4)表示“某年某月”用介词in,表示“某年某月某日”用介词on.如： in August 2017读作 in August, twenty seventeen on November 23,1986 读作 on November the twenty-third,nineteen eighty-six 3.表示时刻。 (1)表示整点，用“钟点数＋o'clock”来表示(o'clock常省略)。如： five(o'clock)五点(5:00) (2)表示半点，用“钟点数＋thirty”或“half +past +钟点数”表示。如： six thirty/half past six六点半(6:30) (3)表示几点几分，用“钟点数＋分钟数”表示。半小时内，也可以用“分钟数 ＋past+钟点数”表示。超过半小时，也可以用“60-分钟数＋to+下一个钟点数”表示。如： eight seven/seven past eight八点过七分(8:07) seven fifty/ten to eight八点差十分(7:50) 4.表示数学运算。 Two plus three is five.二加三等于五。 Ten minus six is four.十减六等于四。 Three times four is/are twelve.三乘以四等于十二。 Sixteen divided by four is four.十六除以四等于四。 5.表示分数。分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于1时，分母用复数。如： three fourths/three quarters 3/4 one third/a third 1/3 1 1/2 hours一个半小时(读作：one and a half hours) 2 3/4 metres二又四分之三米(读作：two and three-fourths metres) 考点剖析 考点一 基数词 例题 单项选择。 1.There are________ days in a year. A. three hundreds and sixty-five B. three hundred and sixty five C. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundreds sixty-five 2.Danny lives in________. A. room 404 B. Room 404 C.404 room D.404 Room 剖析 例题考查数词的构成形式和数词的用法。 1.在表示具体数字时，hundred等词尾不能加-s,且百位和十位之间要用连词and;个位和十位之间要加连字符，故本题选C. 2.表达编号时，基数词位于名词后，且名词首字母大写，故本题选B. 答案:1.C 2.B 知能训练一 一、根据括号内所给数字，用英语写出相应的数词的正确形式。 1.We are in Class________ (3). 2.There are________ (12) months in a year. 3.I have________ (6) books. I like the________ (6)book. 4.-What's________ (55)plus________ (45)? -It's________ (100). 5.-What's________ (76)minus________ (8)? -It's________ (68). 二、单项选择。 1.Mary is________ girl. A. an 8 year old B.8-years-old C. an 8-year-old D. the 8 years old 2.There are________ students in this school. A. four hundreds fifty-two B. four hundred and fifty-two C. four hundreds and fifty-two D. four hundred and fifty two 3.I have________ colour pencils in my bag. A. one thirty B. thirty one C. one-thirty D. thirty-one 4.In the morning, I often go to school at________. A. twenty past seven B. forty to seven C. forty seven D. twenty seven 考点二 序数词 例题 单项选择。 1.There are________ months in a year. March is________ month of the year. A. twelve; third B. twelfth; the third C. the twelve; third D. twelve; the third 2.-When is Women's Day? -It's on________. A. the 8 of March B.8 of March C. the 8th March D. March 8th 剖析 例题考查基数词和序数词的运用。 1.第一空问一年有多少个月，且months是名词复数，所以应填基数词，基数词前不用the.第二空表示第几个月，所以应填序数词，序数词前要用the,故本题选D. 2.“3月8日”应表示为：March 8th或the 8th of March,故本题选D. 答案:1.D 2.D 知能训练二 一、单项选择。 1.December is________ and last month in a year. A. the twelveth B. twelve C. the twelfth D. twelfth 2.Jenny was born________. A. on July 10th,1987 B. in Juy 10th,1987 C. in 1987,July 10th D. on 1987,July 10th 3.Monday is________ day of a week. A. the two B. the second C. the first D. the one 4.The river is________. A. wide fifty-five metre B. fifty-five metre wide C. wide fifty-five metres D. fifty-five metres wide 二、选出错误的选项，并在横线上改正。 ( )1. My birthday is on June four. ________ A B C ( ) 2.I'm in Class first. ________ A B C ( )3.February is the two month of the year. ________ A B C 过关训练 一、选出每组中不同类的选项。 ( )1.A.eleven B. twelve C. tenth ( )2.A.twenty B. fifth C. fifty ( )3.A.thirteen B. first C. eighth ( )4.A.thirty B. sixth C. sixty ( )5.A.eighty B. forty C. seventh 二、按要求写单词。 1.one(序数词) ________ 2.fifth(基数词) ________ 3.two(序数词) ________ 4.ninth(基数词) ________ 5.twelve(序数词) ________ 6.third(基数词) ________ 7.twenty(序数词) ________ 8.eighth(基数词) ________ 9.thirty-two(序数词) ________ 10.fiftieth(基数词) ________ 三、用英语填上合适的数词。 1.seven+________ ＝twelve 2.sixty-twenty=________ 3. ________＋two=eight 4. ________ -four=nine 5. seven+ four=________ 6.eight-five=________ 7. one+ ten=________ 8.three+seven=________ 9.sixteen+ fourteen=________ 10.twenty+ thirty=________ 四、单项选择。 1.Tuesday is________ day of a week. A. three B. third C. the third 2.There are________ students in my class. A. fourty B. forty C. forty two 3.Today is her________ birthday. A. twelve B. twelfth C. the twelfth 4.Five and two is________. A. seven B. seventh C. the seventh 5.Turn right at________ crossing. A. two B. second C. the second 6.Linda's birthday is on________. A. May five B. May 5th C. May 7.Fifty plus forty is________. A. ninety B. nineteen C. ninetieth 8.Eighteen minus six is________. A. twelve B. twenty-four C. twelfth 9.September is________ month of the year. A. nine B. ninth C. the ninth 10. These shoes are yuan. A. two hundred and fifth-B.two hundreds and five-C. two hundred and five- 11.-When is Linda's birthday? -________ A. Her is May fifth. B. May the fifth. C. She is on May fifth. 12.The________ question is much more difficult than this one. A. sixth B. six C. sixteen 13.The boy is only________. Today is his________ birthday. A. nine; nine B. ninth; ninth C. nine; ninth 14.I study in Yucai Primary School. There are two________ students in our school. A. thousand B. thousands C. thousands of 15.“E” is the________ letter of the English alphabet. A. five B. first C. fifth 五、按要求完成句子。 1.My birthday is on January 21st.(对画线部分提问) ________ ________ your birthday? 2.What's Alice's age?(变为同义句) ________ ________ is Alice? 3.school,often,at,6:30,go,I,to(.)(连词成句) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Eric's birthday party is at six this afternoon.(对画线部分提问) ________ ________ Eric's birthday party? 5.I'm thirteen years old.(对画线部分提问) ________ ________ ________ you? 六、选出错误的选项，并在横线上改正。 ( )1.Today is May the one. ________ A B C ( )2.He is a tallest in his class. ________ AB C ( )3. Twenty-one minus eighth is twenty-nine. ________ A B C ( )4. August is a eighth month of the year. ________ A B C ( )5.This is my twelve birthday. ________ A B C 真题演练 一、根据中文提示将下列句子补充完整，每空一词。 1.(苏州)-你的生日在什么时候？-五月二日。 -When's your________ ? -It's on the________ of May. 2.(南昌)我在百米赛跑中获得了第一名。 I was________ ________ in the 100-metre race. 3.(黄冈)-你什么时候回来？ -4:30. -________ will you come back? -At________ ________ ________. 二、单项选择。 1.(孝感)The art room is on the________ floor. A. one B. two C. first 2.(武汉)Peter took part in the________ 100-metre race. A.boy B. boy's C. boys' 3.(武汉)- ________ money did you get? -Twenty yuan. A. How many B. How much C. How long 4.(深圳)Chinese people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival to remember Qu Yuan. It is often in________. A. May or June B. June or July C. March or April 5.(广州)We should brush our teeth________ a day. A. two B. twice C. every 三、(广州)根据表格中的内容，判断句子正(T)误(F). Welcome to the National Museum! Opening time Fees(票价) How to get there (Starting from Sun Railway Station) Monday to Friday 9:00 a.m.~6:00 p.m. Adults(成人)：¥100.00 15~18:¥80.00 8~14:¥40.00 Under 8:free(免费) Way 1: 30 minutes by underground Way 2:40 minutes by taxi(rush hours 高峰时段) Way 3:at least(至少)one hour(小时)by bus Saturday to Sunday 8:00 a.m.~7:00 p.m. ( )1.The National Museum is not open on Thursday. ( )2.Jack is 16, and his brother is 7. If they go to the National Museum, they should pay(付款)80 yuan. ( )3.The museum opens for 11 hours every day. ( )4. It takes 30 minutes to go to the museum from Sun Railway Station by metro. ( )5. Taking a bus to the museum costs(花费)the most time. 四、(深圳)根据下列表格中关于假期特色活动的信息，选出最佳答案。 Holiday Is Coming! Model Plane Camp for Children August 1st~August 15th You can make model planes here. 9:30 a.m.~6:00 p.m. Tel: 9684749 National Park Opening 8:00 a.m.~6:30 p.m.(May~ November) 8:30 a.m.~5:30 p.m.(December~ April) Tel:6698423 Campfire Party We are going to have a party for children. 6:30 p.m.~8:30 p.m. on June 1st In Central Park on Fifth Street Tel:6988458 Tents(帐篷)for Rent ¥120 one night-one or two people ¥200 one night-family size(four people) Please call Mr Smith at 9685867. 1.If you like making model planes, which telephone number should you call? A.9684749. B.6988458. C.6698423. D.9685867. 2.You can take a walk in the National Park at________ in July. A.7:00 a.m. B.9:30 a.m. C.7:30 p.m. D.8:30 p.m. 3.Where can you enjoy yourself at 7:00 p.m.on June 1st? A. In the tents. B. In the National Park. C. In Central Park. D. In the model plane camp. 4.Lydia and her parents will be in the mountains for three nights. How much should they pay for the rent? A.¥360. B.¥600. C.¥480. D.¥240. 5.Mr Smith may be a________. A. teacher B. shopkeeper C. tourist D. doctor 参考答案: 知能训练一 一、1.Three 2.twelve 3.six sixth 4.fifty-five forty-five one hundred 5. seventy-six eight sixty-eight 二、1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 知能训练二 一、1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 二、1.C June 4th 2.C One 3.B second 过关训练 一、1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.C 二、1.first 2.five 3.second 4.nine 5.twelfth 6.three 7.twentieth 8.eight 9.thirty-second 10.fifty 三、1.five 2.forty 3.six 4.thirteen 5.eleven 6.three 7.eleven 8.ten 9.thirty 10.fifty 四、1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.B 12.A 13.C 14.A 15.C 五、1.When is 2.How old 3.I often go to school at 6:30. 4.When' is 5.How old are 六、1.C the first 2.B the 3.A plus/C thirteen 4.B the 5.C twelfth 真题演练 一、1.birthday second 2.the first 3.When half past four 二、1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B 三、1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T 四、1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$