Unit 1 Look it up!（重难词汇精练）英语沪教版2024八年级上册

Unit 1 Look it up! 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 恐龙 n. 出生 adj. 有才智的； 聪明的 n. 苦难；疼痛 adj. 有才能的； 天才的 n. 艺术家；（尤指）画家 adj. 有艺术天赋的；（尤指）有美术才能的 n. 死，死亡 adv. 可能；大概；也许 n. （音乐作品的）一首 n. 笔记本 adj. 全部的；所有的 n. 交通工具； 车辆 n. （书籍的）编辑 adj. 史前的 v. 安排；组织 adv. 完全地； 彻底地 n. 顺序 adj. 原来的；起初的 v. 记录 短语 灭绝 历史悠久 一种 与……相似 与……属于同一种类 字母顺序 通识教育 起到重要作用 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. intelligent——__________（n.）才智，智慧 2. talented——__________（n.）天才，天赋 3. artistic——__________（n.）艺术家 4. prehistoric——__________（n.）历史 5. completely——__________（adj.）完全的 6. original——__________（adv.）原来，起初 7. suffering——__________（v.）受苦，受难 8. organize——__________（n.）安排，组织 9. death——__________（v.）死 10. record——__________（n.）记录 词汇语境练-句子 二、单项选择 1. Volunteers ______ an important role ______ helping those in need. A. play; on B. make; in C. play; in D. take; on 2. Sorry I’m late. I was talking with a friend and I ________forgot the time. A. completely B. suddenly C. successfully D. strongly 3. ________lived on Earth a long time ago. A. Dinosaurs B. Suffering C. Notebooks D. Editors 4. The________student solves difficult math problems easily. A. artistic B. prehistoric C. intelligent D. complete 5. My sister has an________eye and takes amazing photos. A. big B. large C. wonderful D. artistic 6. The________of a new baby brings joy to the family. A. birth B. death C. suffering D. notebook 7. His dog’s________made him very sad. A. birth B. notebook C. death D. origin 8. Let's________a party to celebrate the festival. A. die B. death C. organize D. organization 9. Put the books in________on the shelf. A. birth B. record C. order D. notebooks 10. We can________our travel experiences in a diary. A. edit B. carry C. record D. born 三、根据汉语提示填空 1. The________（有天赋的）dancer amazed the audience with her graceful movements on stage. 2. ________（可能）we’ll encounter some challenges, but we can overcome them together. 3. The museum has an exhibition about the ________（出生）and development of ancient civilizations. 4. Scientists are researching ________（史前的）climates to understand global change better. 5. I wrote down the important historical events in my________（笔记本）for the exam. 6. We should show empathy for the________（苦难）of people in war - torn areas. 7. The________（全部的）community came together to clean up the park on weekends. 8. The________（死亡）of the great writer left a huge gap in the literary world. 9. She used her phone to________（记录）the beautiful sunrise over the ocean. 10. The________（艺术家）spent months in the countryside, painting landscapes for his new collection. 11. An________（有才智的）person not only learns fast but also solves problems creatively. 12. The________（编辑）suggested several revisions to make the article more polished. 13. We need to________（组织）a volunteer activity to help the local animal shelter. 14. After the long journey, I was________（完全地）exhausted and needed a good rest. 15. The designer kept the________（原始的）style of the building while adding modern elements. 词汇语境练-语篇 四、用方框中所给词的正确形式填空 a type of  completely  die out  perhaps  prehistoric Here is more information from the encyclopaedia. Complete the passage with the words and phrases below. Change the form if necessary. In the 1990s, researchers in China discovered something surprising about dinosaurs: some of these 1 animals had feathers. This discovery helped explain the connection between birds and dinosaurs. According to scientists, all the non-bird dinosaurs 2 but dinosaurs survived as birds. In fact, birds developed from 3 two-legged, meat-eating dinosaurs called theropods (兽脚类恐龙). 4 you’ve seen exciting movies about dinosaurs like T-Rex (霸王龙). Well, those huge dinosaurs come from the same family as birds. Today’s ducks and chickens aren’t scary, but they are actually related to T-Rex! In one way, the dinosaurs never disappeared 5 — they just became smaller. 五、短文填空 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入一个适当的词， 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 The nature park is a good place for animals. There is a quite important nature park 1 (name) Mai Po Marshes. Every winter, hundreds of birds fly here. They stay here 2 a few months because there is enough water and food. Many of the birds are in danger. 3 (protect) them, the reserve won’t allow visitors to come any time. If you want to visit the Mai Po Marshes, you have to call or email the WWF HK. It can offer people the chances to have a trip with 4 (they) friends at weekends. You can take photos and go bird-watching. And you can also see 5 (snake), zebras and other interesting animals. But you can’t get close to the dangerous animals 6 feed them. Next to the Mai Po Marshes, there is 7 interesting park. The environment of the park is like that of the Mai Po Marshes. So animals 8 (live) in peace there. It is not as big as the nature park, but you can play 9 (happy) in this park. You can also learn something about animals in the park 10 you don’t have a chance to go to the Mai Po Marshes. $$Unit 1 Look it up! 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 恐龙 n. 出生 adj. 有才智的； 聪明的 n. 苦难；疼痛 adj. 有才能的； 天才的 n. 艺术家；（尤指）画家 adj. 有艺术天赋的；（尤指）有美术才能的 n. 死，死亡 adv. 可能；大概；也许 n. （音乐作品的）一首 n. 笔记本 adj. 全部的；所有的 n. 交通工具； 车辆 n. （书籍的）编辑 adj. 史前的 v. 安排；组织 adv. 完全地； 彻底地 n. 顺序 adj. 原来的；起初的 v. 记录 短语 灭绝 历史悠久 一种 与……相似 与……属于同一种类 字母顺序 通识教育 起到重要作用 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. intelligent——__________（n.）才智，智慧 2. talented——__________（n.）天才，天赋 3. artistic——__________（n.）艺术家 4. prehistoric——__________（n.）历史 5. completely——__________（adj.）完全的 6. original——__________（adv.）原来，起初 7. suffering——__________（v.）受苦，受难 8. organize——__________（n.）安排，组织 9. death——__________（v.）死 10. record——__________（n.）记录 【答案】 1. intelligence 2. talent 3. artist 4. history 5. complete 6. originally 7. suffer 8. organization 9. die 10. record 词汇语境练-句子 二、单项选择 1. Volunteers ______ an important role ______ helping those in need. A. play; on B. make; in C. play; in D. take; on 【详解】句意：在帮助那些有需要的人们方面，志愿者起到了重要的作用。 考查词组辨析。“play a role in...” ：是固定搭配，意为 “在…… 中起作用；在…… 方面扮演角色” ，故选C。 2. Sorry I’m late. I was talking with a friend and I ________ forgot the time. A. completely B. suddenly C. successfully D. strongly 【详解】句意：抱歉，我来晚了。我刚刚在和朋友聊天，然后我完全忘记了时间。 考查副词辨析。completely 完全地，suddenly突然地，successfully成功地，strongly强烈地。根据 “I was talking with a friend” 可知，是和朋友聊天时太投入，彻底忘了时间，此处需要一个意为 “完全地；彻底地” 的副词。故选 A。 3. ________ lived on Earth a long time ago. A. Dinosaurs B. Suffering C. Notebooks D. Editors 【详解】句意：恐龙很久以前生活在地球上。 考查名词辨析。dinosaurs恐龙，suffering苦难，notebooks笔记本，editors编辑，根据 “lived on Earth a long time ago（很久以前生活在地球上 ）” 这一语境及常识可知，此处应是恐龙。故选 A。 4. The________ student solves difficult math problems easily. A. artistic B. prehistoric C. intelligent D. complete 【详解】句意：这个聪明的学生能轻松解出难题。 考查形容词辨析。artistic有艺术才能的，prehistoric史前的，intelligent有才智的，complete完全的。根据 “solves difficult math problems easily（轻松解出数学难题 ）” 可知，需要一个体现学生聪明、有才智的形容词。故选 C。 5. My sister has an________ eye and takes amazing photos. A. big B. large C. wonderful D. artistic 【详解】句意：我妹妹有艺术眼光，拍的照片很棒。 考查形容词辨析。big大的，large大的，wonderful很棒的，artistic有艺术才能的。根据 “takes amazing photos（拍出很棒的照片 ）” 可知，需要体现有艺术审美眼光的形容词，“artistic” 契合语境。故选 D。 6. The________ of a new baby brings joy to the family. A. birth B. death C. suffering D. notebook 【详解】句意：新生儿的诞生给家庭带来欢乐。 考查名词辨析。birth出生，death死亡，suffering苦难，notebook笔记本。根据 “a new baby（新生儿）” 和 “brings joy to the family（给家庭带来欢乐）” 可知，此处应指新生儿的出生。故选 A。 7. His dog’s________ made him very sad. A. birth B. notebook C. death D. origin 【详解】句意：他的狗的死亡让他很伤心。 考查名词辨析。birth出生，notebook笔记本，death死亡，origin起因。根据 “made him very sad（让他非常伤心）” 可知，需要一个能引发悲伤情绪的名词，“death” 符合逻辑。故选 C。 8. Let's________ a party to celebrate the festival. A. die B. death C. organize D. organization 【详解】句意：我们组织个派对庆祝节日吧。 考查名词辨析和词性判断。die（动词）死亡，death（名词）死亡，organize（动词）组织，organization（名词）组织。根据句子结构和语境，需要一个表示 “组织” 的动词，“organize” 符合要求。故选 C。 9. Put the books in________ on the shelf. A. birth B. record C. order D. notebooks 【详解】句意：把书在书架上按顺序摆好。 考查名词辨析。birth出生，record记录，order顺序，notebooks笔记本。根据 “put the books（放书）” 和 “on the shelf（在书架上）” 可知，需要表达 “按顺序整理” 的含义，“in order” 是合适的搭配。故选 C。 10. We can________ our travel experiences in a diary. A. edit B. carry C. record D. born 【详解】句意：我们可以把旅行经历记在日记里。 考查动词辨析。edit编辑，carry携带，record记录，born出生。根据 “in a diary（在日记中）” 和 “travel experiences（旅行经历）” 可知，需要一个表示 “记录” 的动词，“record” 符合逻辑。故选 C。 三、根据汉语提示填空 1. The________ （有天赋的）dancer amazed the audience with her graceful movements on stage. 2. ________ （可能）we’ll encounter some challenges, but we can overcome them together. 3. The museum has an exhibition about the ________ （出生）and development of ancient civilizations. 4. Scientists are researching ________ （史前的）climates to understand global change better. 5. I wrote down the important historical events in my________ （笔记本）for the exam. 6. We should show empathy for the________ （苦难）of people in war - torn areas. 7. The________ （全部的）community came together to clean up the park on weekends. 8. The________ （死亡）of the great writer left a huge gap in the literary world. 9. She used her phone to________ （记录）the beautiful sunrise over the ocean. 10. The________ （艺术家）spent months in the countryside, painting landscapes for his new collection. 11. An________ （有才智的）person not only learns fast but also solves problems creatively. 12. The________ （编辑）suggested several revisions to make the article more polished. 13. We need to________ （组织）a volunteer activity to help the local animal shelter. 14. After the long journey, I was________ （完全地）exhausted and needed a good rest. 15. The designer kept the________ （原始的）style of the building while adding modern elements. 【答案】1. talented 2. Perhaps 3. birth 4. prehistoric 5. notebook/notebooks 6. suffering 7. whole 8. death 9. record 10. artist 11. intelligent 12. editor 13. organize 14. completely 15. original 词汇语境练-语篇 四、用方框中所给词的正确形式填空 a type of  completely  die out  perhaps  prehistoric Here is more information from the encyclopaedia. Complete the passage with the words and phrases below. Change the form if necessary. In the 1990s, researchers in China discovered something surprising about dinosaurs: some of these 1 animals had feathers. This discovery helped explain the connection between birds and dinosaurs. According to scientists, all the non-bird dinosaurs 2 but dinosaurs survived as birds. In fact, birds developed from 3 two-legged, meat-eating dinosaurs called theropods (兽脚类恐龙). 4 you’ve seen exciting movies about dinosaurs like T-Rex (霸王龙). Well, those huge dinosaurs come from the same family as birds. Today’s ducks and chickens aren’t scary, but they are actually related to T-Rex! In one way, the dinosaurs never disappeared 5 — they just became smaller. 【答案】1. prehistoric 2. died out 3. a type of 4. Perhaps 5. completely 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了恐龙与鸟类之间的联系，以及恐龙如何进化成现代鸟类。 1. 句意：在20世纪90年代，中国的研究人员发现了关于恐龙的一些令人惊讶的事情：这些史前动物中有一些有羽毛。根据上下文，这里需要填入一个形容词来描述恐龙的特征。“prehistoric”意为“史前的”，符合语境。故填prehistoric。 2. 句意：根据科学家的说法，所有非鸟类恐龙都灭绝了，但恐龙以鸟类的形式存活了下来。根据“all the non-bird dinosaurs…but dinosaurs survived as birds”可知，这里需要填入一个表示“灭绝”的短语。“die out”意为“灭绝”，且需要用过去式形式。故填died out。 3. 句意：事实上，鸟类是从一种两足、食肉的兽脚类恐龙进化而来的。根据“birds developed from…two-legged, meat-eating dinosaurs”可知，这里需要填入一个表示“一种”的短语。a type of“一种”，符合语境。故填a type of。 4. 句意：也许你看过关于像霸王龙这样的恐龙的激动人心的电影。根据“you’ve seen exciting movies about dinosaurs”可知，句子结构完整，这里需要填入一个表示“也许”的副词。perhaps“也许”，符合语境，句首首字母大写。故填Perhaps。 5. 句意：从某种意义上说，恐龙从未完全消失——它们只是变得更小了。根据“the dinosaurs never disappeared…they just became smaller”可知，这里需要填入一个副词来修饰动词。completely“完全地”，符合语境。故填completely。 五、短文填空 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入一个适当的词， 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 The nature park is a good place for animals. There is a quite important nature park 1 (name) Mai Po Marshes. Every winter, hundreds of birds fly here. They stay here 2 a few months because there is enough water and food. Many of the birds are in danger. 3 (protect) them, the reserve won’t allow visitors to come any time. If you want to visit the Mai Po Marshes, you have to call or email the WWF HK. It can offer people the chances to have a trip with 4 (they) friends at weekends. You can take photos and go bird-watching. And you can also see 5 (snake), zebras and other interesting animals. But you can’t get close to the dangerous animals 6 feed them. Next to the Mai Po Marshes, there is 7 interesting park. The environment of the park is like that of the Mai Po Marshes. So animals 8 (live) in peace there. It is not as big as the nature park, but you can play 9 (happy) in this park. You can also learn something about animals in the park 10 you don’t have a chance to go to the Mai Po Marshes. 【答案】1. named 2. for 3. To protect 4. their 5. snakes 6. or/to 7. an 8. live/are living 9. happily 10. when 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一个自然公园——米埔沼泽。 1. 句意：有一个非常重要的自然保护区，名叫米埔沼泽。分析句子可知，“nature park”与“name”为被动关系，且“name”为非谓语动词，应使用动词的过去分词形式。故填named。 2. 句意： 它们在这里待上几个月，因为这里有足够的水和食物。 “for+一段时间”，为固定短语，空后“a few months”为一段时间。故填for。 3. 句意： 为了保护它们，保护区不会允许游客随时来访。 根据句子结构和语境分析可知，空处为非谓语且在句中做状语，动词protect与其逻辑主语the reserve构成逻辑上的主动关系，且此处表示“为了保护它们”，即表示目的，故空处应用动词不定式做目的状语，位于句首，动词不定式符号to的首字母应大写。故填To protect。 4. 句意：它能为人们提供周末与朋友一起出游的机会。 根据句子结构和语境分析可知，空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词friends，空处表示“他们的”，their，形容词性物主代词，符合语境。故填their。 5. 句意： 你还可以看到蛇、斑马和其他有趣的动物。 根据句子结构和语境分析可知，空处在句中与zebras和animals并列作宾语，故空处表示复数意义，故空处应用可数名词snake的复数形式作宾语。故填snakes。 6. 句意： 但是你不能靠近危险动物，也不能给它们喂食。 根据句子结构和语境分析可知，“feed”与“get close to”并列做句子的谓语，且此处表示选择关系，故空处应用表示选择关系的并列连词or；将整个句子看成一个简单句， “feed them”为非谓语动词且在句中做目的状语，故此处应用动词不定式做目的状语，故空处应用动词不定式符号to。故填or/to。 7. 句意：在米埔沼泽旁边，有一个有趣的公园。 此处泛指“一个有趣的公园”，且空处的单词 interesting 是以元音音素发音开头的单词，故空处应用不定冠词an做前置定语修饰名词park。故填an。 8. 句意：所以动物们在那里和平地生活。 根据句子结构和语境分析可知，空处为句子的谓语，此处表示当前正在进行的动作或者现阶段内一直存在的状态，故空处谓语时态应用现在进行时和一般现在时，根据主谓一致原则，主语animals为复数，故谓语应用动词live的原形或者be动词应用are。故填live/are living。 9. 句意：它虽然没有自然公园那么大，但你可以在这个公园里愉快地玩耍。根据句子结构和语境分析可知，空处在句中作状语修饰动词play，空处表示“快乐地”，happily，副词，符合语境。故填happily 。 10. 句意：如果你没有机会去米埔沼泽，你也可以在这个公园里了解一些关于动物的知识。根据句子结构、语境以及句子内部语义上的逻辑关系分析可知，整个句子为一个主从复合句，故空处应用从属连词，空后陈述的内容为空前陈述的内容的前提，故空处表示“当……时候”，when，从属连词，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。故填when。 $$