Unit 1 Friendship（重难词汇精练）英语沪教版2024七年级上册

Unit 1 Friendship 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 吉他 n. 品质；品德 adj. 诚实的 adj. 关心他人的；体贴人的 adj. 有耐心的 n. 外貌 v. 改进；改善 adj. 直的 adj. 自信的；有自信心的 adj. 褐色的；乌黑的 n.勇气；胆量 adj. 同一的；相同的 n. 友谊；朋友关系 adj. 基本的；基础的 n. 钦佩；赞赏 n. 想法 n. 尊敬；尊重 adv. 然而；不过 n. 支持；鼓励 adj. 高兴的；愉快的 n. 信任；信赖 v. 上升 n.调查 n. 结局 adj.个性的 n. 心 短语 擅长…… 照管；监督 求助于某人 上升到 放学后 大叫；叫喊 愿意做某事 哭着入睡 幸亏；由于；因为 醒；醒来 依靠（某人做某事） 来去 中等身高 替代某人 现代舞 出现 照顾；照料 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. honest——__________（n.）诚实，正直 2. patient——__________（n.）耐心，病人 3. courage——__________（v.）鼓励 4. improve——__________（n.）改善，改进 5. confident——__________（n.）信心 6. admiration——__________（v.）钦佩，赞赏 7. respect——__________（v.）尊敬，尊重 8. support——__________（v.）支持，鼓励 9. personal——__________（n.）人 10. caring——__________（v.）介意，关心 ——__________（adj.）认真的，小心的 ——__________（adj.）粗心的，大意的 11. appearance——__________（v.）出现 12. thought——__________（v.）思考，想 13. end——__________（v.）结束，终止 词汇语境练-句子 三、单项选择 1. Tommy is very ________. He thinks he can do anything if he tries his best. A. curious B. modest C. confident D. caring 2. —What do you think of the young people today?   —They ________ their parents too much. They should stand on their own feet. A. help with B. count on C. live on D. agree with 3. — Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? — Well, it all ________ the weather. A. gets on B. puts on C. tries on D. counts on 4. An earthquake ________ when people were sleeping at night. A. happened B. took place C. had D. appeared 5. Kate is good at dancing. (选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的一项) A. do well in B. does well in C. is interested in D. is good for 6. The new shop is at the ________ of the street and it sells fresh flowers. A. age B. end C. top D. time 7. —Oh, poor Jane. She got ill. She can’t perform on the stage. —Who will ________ while she is away? The show can’t be without a heroine (女主角). A. come along B. watch over her C. take her place D. take care of her 8. —How can I ________ my spoken English?   —Follow the tape and read aloud. A. improve B. teach C. try D. describe 9. —Your paintings are creative. —There are many kinds of ________ running through my mind. A. hearts B. surveys C. thoughts D. friendships 10. —What’s the matter? Why are you so angry? —She lied to me. I would never ________ her anymore. A. support B. trust C. encourage D. thank 11. —I will be away for a few days. Can you take care of my plants? —Sure. No problem. A. look after B. look up C. wake up D. look at 12. —What is the rule in our classroom? —We should always show respect to our teachers and peers. A. be willing to B. show understanding to C. be polite to D. show patience to 13. —How long has she learned to play the guitar? —Just for a few months. She can only play the basic chords (和弦) on the guitar. A. same B. simple C. straight D. smart 14. —Do you like your new teacher? —Yes. She is very caring. She always helps us when we have questions. A. impatient B. dishonest C. different D. helpful 四、根据汉语提示填空 1. Thank you for your (支持), Mr. Li. 2. My sister has long (直的) black hair. 3. We must always (尊重) our elders. 4. (友谊) is important in our lives. It is like sunshine in winter. 5. My maths (改善) a lot last year. 6. The (基本的) principles of the subject are easy to understand. 7. The (结局) of the story was unexpected. 8. According to the (调查), most students stick to online learning every day. 9. He is (诚实的) and everyone trusts him. 10. His (钦佩) for her work is evident. 11. She showed great (勇气) when she stood up to the bully. 五、完成句子 1. 我擅长体育，我具有身体运动智能。 I doing sports. I have body intelligence. 2. 明天和我去野餐怎么样？ having a picnic with me tomorrow? 3. 每当她有问题，她都会向我求助。 Whenever she has problems, she . 4. 由于我的照顾，她很快就康复了。 my care, she recovered quickly. 5. 她总是依靠我。 She always me. 6. 当Wilbur醒来时，他发现有三只小蜘蛛和他在一起。 When Wilbur , he found three small spiders stay with him. 7. 我最好的朋友不仅和我一起玩，而且帮助我学习。 My best friend plays with me, me with my studies. 8. 这个活动是一个交朋友的好机会。 This activity is a good chance to others. 9. 我有勇气去尝试新事物。 I new things. 10. 如果你设法和家人谈一谈，你的家人可能愿意改变。 Your family may change, if you try to talk to them. 词汇语境练-语篇 六、用方框中所给词的正确形式填空 阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺，结构正确。（每个单词限用一次） are good at; take care of; quality; thought; end; guitar; support; honest; willing; glad I have a good friend. Her name is Mary. She and I often spend our weekends together. She is a very honest person and always rises to the occasion (应对自如) when there’s a chance to help others. One day, she suggested we can join a volunteer activity to 1 the old at a local community center and I was 2 to go with her. We take the bus to the center. As we look after the elderly, her personal 3 impresses me most. She listens to their 4 and stories patiently and respectfully. It’s not just about the physical support she provides, but the emotional 5 too. She makes them feel valued and 6 cared for. After a few hours, we decide to take a talent show. My friend organizes a small concert where she plays the 7 . Some volunteers who 8 modern dance perform in a 9 mood. Her music light up the faces of the elderly fills the room. It’s a beautiful sight to see. By the 10 of day, as we head home, I reflect on the day. My friend’s actions have taught me the true meaning of kindness and generosity. She is a role model, and I am grateful for the support she gives not only to others but also to me. 七、短文填空 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入一个适当的词， 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 My name is Lily. My favourite hobby is watercolour painting. I usually paint in 1 (I) bedroom, but on weekends I like to paint flowers. I enjoy 2 (be) outside in nature. My dad, Mr Johnson, is 3 amazing guitarist. He likes working in an office during the day 4 he also likes playing his guitar to relax at night. Sometimes he 5 (join) some friends to play music together. My mum, Mrs Johnson, loves Yoga. She thinks it’s 6 (relax). She often takes a yoga class at the weekend. Yoga helps her sleep 7 (good) and have a good body. My brother, Max, is a great cyclist. He likes to ride his bike with his 8 (friend) Tom and Alan after school. My little sister Mia’s hobby is rock climbing. She takes lessons at a climbing gym once a week 9 Saturdays. My family is big. We have different 10 (hobby). But we all love to sing together, and we are in a show choir! It can bring us closer together as a family. $$Unit 1 Friendship 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 吉他 n. 品质；品德 adj. 诚实的 adj. 关心他人的；体贴人的 adj. 有耐心的 n. 外貌 v. 改进；改善 adj. 直的 adj. 自信的；有自信心的 adj. 褐色的；乌黑的 n.勇气；胆量 adj. 同一的；相同的 n. 友谊；朋友关系 adj. 基本的；基础的 n. 钦佩；赞赏 n. 想法 n. 尊敬；尊重 adv. 然而；不过 n. 支持；鼓励 adj. 高兴的；愉快的 n. 信任；信赖 v. 上升 n.调查 n. 结局 adj.个性的 n. 心 短语 擅长…… 照管；监督 求助于某人 上升到 放学后 大叫；叫喊 愿意做某事 哭着入睡 幸亏；由于；因为 醒；醒来 依靠（某人做某事） 来去 中等身高 替代某人 现代舞 出现 照顾；照料 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. honest——__________（n.）诚实，正直 2. patient——__________（n.）耐心 3. courage——__________（v.）鼓励 4. improve——__________（n.）改善，改进 5. confident——__________（n.）信心 6. admiration——__________（v.）钦佩，赞赏 7. respect——__________（v.）尊敬，尊重 8. support——__________（v.）支持，鼓励 9. personal——__________（n.）人 10. caring——__________（v.）介意，关心 ——__________（adj.）认真的，小心的 ——__________（adj.）粗心的，大意的 11. appearance——__________（v.）出现 12. thought——__________（v.）思考，想 13. end——__________（v.）结束，终止 【答案】1. honesty 2. patience 3. encourage 4. improvement 5. confidence 6. admire 7. respect 8. support 9. person 10. care, careful, careless 11. appear 12. think 13. end 词汇语境练-句子 三、单项选择 1. Tommy is very ________. He thinks he can do anything if he tries his best. A. curious B. modest C. confident D. caring 【详解】句意：汤米非常自信。他认为只要自己全力以赴，就能完成任何事情。 考查形容词辨析。curious好奇的；modest谦虚的；confident自信的；caring体贴人的。根据“He thinks he can do anything if he tries his best.”可知，汤米对自己的能力很有自信。故选C。 2. —What do you think of the young people today?   —They ________ their parents too much. They should stand on their own feet. A. help with B. count on C. live on D. agree with 【详解】句意：——你觉得今天的年轻人怎么样？ ——他们太依赖父母了。他们应该自立。 考查动词短语。help with帮助；count on依靠；live on以……为食；agree with同意。根据“They should stand on their own feet.”可知，他们是太依赖父母。故选B。 3. — Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? — Well, it all ________ the weather. A. gets on B. puts on C. tries on D. counts on 【详解】句意：——我们明天去野餐好吗？——哦，这得看天气。 考查动词短语辨析。gets on上车；puts on穿上；tries on试穿；counts on依靠，指望。根据“Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow”和“the weather”可知应是说是否去野餐得看天气，故选D。 4. An earthquake ________ when people were sleeping at night. A. happened B. took place C. had D. appeared 【详解】句意：当人们晚上正在睡觉时，一场地震发生了。 考查动词及动词短语。happened发生，常指偶然的、未经计划的事情发生；took place发生，通常指经过安排或计划而发生的事情；had有；appeared出现，强调原本不存在的事物出现在视野中。根据“An earthquake”可知，地震的发生是偶然的、没有预先计划的，所以用“happened”合适。故选A。 5. Kate is good at dancing. (选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的一项) A. do well in B. does well in C. is interested in D. is good for 【详解】句意：凯特擅长跳舞。 考查短语辨析。do well in擅长，主语是复数或者第一、二人称；does well in主语是第三人称单数；is interested in对……感兴趣；is good for对……有好处。根据“Kate is good at dancing.”可知，“is good at”意思是“擅长”，这句话主语是“Kate”，所以用“does well in”合适。故选B。 6. The new shop is at the ________ of the street and it sells fresh flowers. A. age B. end C. top D. time 【详解】句意：新商店在街的尽头，卖新鲜的花。 考查名词辨析。age年龄；end尽头；top顶部；time时间。根据“The new shop is at the… of the street and it sells fresh flowers.”可知，新商店在街的尽头，at the end of“在……尽头”，固定短语。故选B。 7. —Oh, poor Jane. She got ill. She can’t perform on the stage. —Who will ________ while she is away? The show can’t be without a heroine (女主角). A. come along B. watch over her C. take her place D. take care of her 【详解】句意：——哦，可怜的简。她病了。她不能在舞台上表演。——她不在时谁来代替她？这部剧不能没有女主角。 考查动词短语。come along跟随；watch over her看管她；take her place代替她；take care of her照顾她。根据“Who will...while she is away? The show can’t be without a heroine (女主角).”可知，应是问她不在时谁代替她担任女主角，故选C。 8. —How can I ________ my spoken English?   —Follow the tape and read aloud. A. improve B. teach C. try D. describe 【详解】句意：——我怎样才能提高我的英语口语？  ——跟着录音大声朗读。 考查动词辨析。improve改进，提高；teach教，讲授；try尝试；describe描述。根据答句“Follow the tape and read aloud”及语境可知，问句是在询问怎样“提高”英语口语。故选A。 9. —Your paintings are creative. —There are many kinds of ________ running through my mind. A. hearts B. surveys C. thoughts D. friendships 【详解】句意：——你的画很有创意。——我脑子里有很多种想法。 考查名词辨析。hearts心；surveys调查；thoughts想法；friendships友谊。根据“running through my mind.”可知，是脑子里有很多想法，所以画很有创意。故选C。 10. —What’s the matter? Why are you so angry? —She lied to me. I would never ________ her anymore. A. support B. trust C. encourage D. thank 【详解】句意：——怎么了？你为什么这么生气？——她骗了我。我再也不会相信她了。 考查动词辨析。support支持；trust相信；encourage鼓励；thank感谢。根据“She lied to me. I would never...her”可知她欺骗了自己，所以再也不相信她了。故选B。 11. —I will be away for a few days. Can you take care of my plants? —Sure. No problem. A. look after B. look up C. wake up D. look at 【详解】句意：——我要离开几天。你能照顾我的植物吗？——当然。没问题。 考查动词短语辨析。take care of照顾；look after照顾；look up抬头看；wake up唤醒；look at看看。A项短语与划线短语意思一致，故选A。 12. —What is the rule in our classroom? —We should always show respect to our teachers and peers. A. be willing to B. show understanding to C. be polite to D. show patience to 【详解】句意：——我们教室的规则是什么？  ——我们应该尊重老师和同学。 考查动词短语和形容词短语辨析。be willing to愿意，甘于；show understanding to表示理解；be polite to对……有礼貌；show patience to对……有耐心。结合答句“We should always show respect to our teachers and peers我们应该对老师和同学表示尊重”可知，选项B“表示尊重”与划线部分意思相近。故选B。 13. —How long has she learned to play the guitar? —Just for a few months. She can only play the basic chords (和弦) on the guitar. A. same B. simple C. straight D. smart 【详解】句意：——她学弹吉他多久了？——就几个月。她只会弹吉他的基本和弦。 考查形容词辨析。same相同的；simple简单的；straight直的；smart聪明的。根据“Just for a few months. She can only play the basic chords (和弦) on the guitar.”可知，应是只会弹一些基础的简单的和弦，basic与simple意思相近，故选B。 14. —Do you like your new teacher? —Yes. She is very caring. She always helps us when we have questions. A. impatient B. dishonest C. different D. helpful 【详解】句意：——你喜欢你的新老师吗？  ——是的。她很有爱心。当我们有问题时，她总是帮助我们。 考查形容词辨析。impatient没有耐心的；dishonest不诚实的；different不同的，有差别的；helpful有帮助的，助人的。结合答句“She always helps us when we have questions她总是在我们有问题时帮助我们”可知，划线部分应指“关心他人的，体贴的”，与选项D“有帮助的，助人的”意思相近。故选D。 四、根据汉语提示填空 1. Thank you for your (支持), Mr. Li. 2. My sister has long (直的) black hair. 3. We must always (尊重) our elders. 4. (友谊) is important in our lives. It is like sunshine in winter. 5. My maths (改善) a lot last year. 6. The (基本的) principles of the subject are easy to understand. 7. The (结局) of the story was unexpected. 8. According to the (调查), most students stick to online learning every day. 9. He is (诚实的) and everyone trusts him. 10. His (钦佩) for her work is evident. 11. She showed great (勇气) when she stood up to the bully. 【答案】1. support 2. straight 3. respect 4. Friendship 5. improved 6. basic 7. end 8. survey 9. honest 10. admiration 11. courage 五、完成句子 1. 我擅长体育，我具有身体运动智能。 I doing sports. I have body intelligence. 2. 明天和我去野餐怎么样？ having a picnic with me tomorrow? 3. 每当她有问题，她都会向我求助。 Whenever she has problems, she . 4. 由于我的照顾，她很快就康复了。 my care, she recovered quickly. 5. 她总是依靠我。 She always me. 6. 当Wilbur醒来时，他发现有三只小蜘蛛和他在一起。 When Wilbur , he found three small spiders stay with him. 7. 我最好的朋友不仅和我一起玩，而且帮助我学习。 My best friend plays with me, me with my studies. 8. 这个活动是一个交朋友的好机会。 This activity is a good chance to others. 9. 我有勇气去尝试新事物。 I new things. 10. 如果你设法和家人谈一谈，你的家人可能愿意改变。 Your family may change, if you try to talk to them. 【答案】1. am good at 2. What/How about 3. turns to me for help 4. Thanks to 5. counts on 6. woke up 7. not only, but also helps 8. make friends with 9. have the courage to try 10. be willing to 词汇语境练-语篇 六、用方框中所给词的正确形式填空 阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺，结构正确。（每个单词限用一次） are good at; take care of; quality; thought; end; guitar; support; honest; willing; glad I have a good friend. Her name is Mary. She and I often spend our weekends together. She is a very honest person and always rises to the occasion (应对自如) when there’s a chance to help others. One day, she suggested we can join a volunteer activity to 1 the old at a local community center and I was 2 to go with her. We take the bus to the center. As we look after the elderly, her personal 3 impresses me most. She listens to their 4 and stories patiently and respectfully. It’s not just about the physical support she provides, but the emotional 5 too. She makes them feel valued and 6 cared for. After a few hours, we decide to take a talent show. My friend organizes a small concert where she plays the 7 . Some volunteers who 8 modern dance perform in a 9 mood. Her music light up the faces of the elderly fills the room. It’s a beautiful sight to see. By the 10 of day, as we head home, I reflect on the day. My friend’s actions have taught me the true meaning of kindness and generosity. She is a role model, and I am grateful for the support she gives not only to others but also to me. 【答案】1. take care of 2. willing 3. quality 4. thoughts 5. support 6. honestly 7. guitar 8. are good at 9. glad 10. end 【导语】本文讲述了作者与朋友玛丽一起参加志愿活动，帮助老人的过程中，被她的善良和慷慨深深感动的故事。 1. 句意：有一天，她建议我们去当地社区中心参加一个照顾老人的志愿者活动，我愿意和她一起去。根据“... the old at a local community center”可知，此处去一家当地的社区中心照顾老人，take care of“照顾”，符合语境。故填take care of。 2. 句意：有一天，她建议我们去当地社区中心参加一个照顾老人的志愿者活动，我愿意和她一起去。根据“I was ... to go with her”可知，此处要填形容词，willing“愿意的，乐意的”，符合语境；be willing to do sth.“愿意做某事”。故填willing。 3. 句意：当我们照顾老人时，她的个人品质给我留下了最深刻的印象。根据“She listens to their ... and stories patiently and respectfully.”可知，玛丽耐心而恭敬地倾听他们的想法和故事，提现了她具有很高的个人品质，quality“品质”，符合语境。故填quality。 4. 句意：她耐心而恭敬地倾听他们的想法和故事。根据“their”可知，此处应填名词；结合备选词，thought符合语境；再根据“and stories”可知，and表并列，故名词要用复数。故填thoughts。 5. 句意：这不仅仅是她提供的身体上的支持，还有情感上的支持。根据“ the physical support”可知，此处指情感支持，support“支持”，符合语境。故填support。 6. 句意：她让他们感到被重视和真诚地关心。根据上文“She listens to their ... and stories patiently and respectfully. It’s not just about the physical support she provides, but the emotional ... too.”可知，老人们感受到了玛丽的真诚的关心，honest符合语境，此处修饰动词短语，应用副词honestly。故填honestly。 7. 句意：我的朋友组织了一个小型音乐会，她在那里弹吉他。根据“My friend organizes a small concert”可知，此处指她弹吉他，guitar“吉他”，符合语境；play the guitar“弹吉他”。故填guitar。 8. 句意：一些擅长现代舞的志愿者心情愉快地表演着。根据“Some volunteers who ... modern dance”可知，此处指擅长现代舞的志愿者，be good at“擅长”，符合语境；主语“Some volunteers”为复数，时态为一般现在时，be动词用are。故填are good at。 9. 句意：一些擅长现代舞的志愿者心情愉快地表演着。根据“mood”可知，此处要用形容词修饰；glad“高兴的”，符合语境。故填glad。 10. 句意：一天结束的时候，当我们回家的时候，我回想起这一天。by the end of“到……结束时”，固定短语。故填end。 七、短文填空 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入一个适当的词， 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 My name is Lily. My favourite hobby is watercolour painting. I usually paint in 1 (I) bedroom, but on weekends I like to paint flowers. I enjoy 2 (be) outside in nature. My dad, Mr Johnson, is 3 amazing guitarist. He likes working in an office during the day 4 he also likes playing his guitar to relax at night. Sometimes he 5 (join) some friends to play music together. My mum, Mrs Johnson, loves Yoga. She thinks it’s 6 (relax). She often takes a yoga class at the weekend. Yoga helps her sleep 7 (good) and have a good body. My brother, Max, is a great cyclist. He likes to ride his bike with his 8 (friend) Tom and Alan after school. My little sister Mia’s hobby is rock climbing. She takes lessons at a climbing gym once a week 9 Saturdays. My family is big. We have different 10 (hobby). But we all love to sing together, and we are in a show choir! It can bring us closer together as a family. 【答案】1. my 2. being 3. an 4. and 5. joins 6. relaxing 7. well 8. friends 9. on 10. hobbies 【导语】本文介绍了作者以及作者家人的爱好。 1. 句意：我通常在我的卧室画画，但周末我喜欢画花。空后的bedroom是名词，所以空处应填I的形容词性物主代词my“我的”，用于修饰名词。故填my。 2. 句意：我喜欢置身于大自然之中。enjoy doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”，所以空处应填be的动词-ing形式being。故填being。 3. 句意：我的父亲，约翰逊先生，是一个了不起的吉他手。此处泛指“一个了不起的吉他手”，应用不定冠词a或an，空后的amazing以元音音素开头，所以空处应填an。故填an。 4. 句意：他喜欢白天在办公室工作，晚上也喜欢弹吉他放松。根据“He likes working in an office during the day...he also likes playing his guitar to relax at night.”可知，空格前后是并列关系，连词and符合语境。故填and。 5. 句意：有时他会和一些朋友一起玩音乐。根据Sometimes可知，时态是一般现在时，主语he表示单数，所以空处应填动词join的第三人称单数形式joins。故填joins。 6. 句意：她认为这很令人放松。空处缺少形容词作表语，且用于修饰主语it，所以空处应填relax的形容词形式relaxing“令人放松的”。故填relaxing。 7. 句意：瑜伽帮助她睡得好，身体好。空处用于修饰动词sleep，所以空处应填good的副词形式well。故填well。 8. 句意：放学后，他喜欢和他的朋友汤姆和艾伦一起骑自行车。根据空后的Tom and Alan可知，空处应填名词friend的复数形式friends。故填friends。 9. 句意：她每周六在攀岩馆上一次课。空后的Saturdays是表示星期的名词，其前应用介词on。故填on。 10. 句意：我们有不同的爱好。根据空前的different可知，空处应填名词hobby的复数形式hobbies。故填hobbies。 $$