热点话题03 辅助驾驶与交通安全（话题阅读精练）英语高一通用版

热点话题03 辅助驾驶与交通安全 教材相关主题 教材 单元 主题 人教版2019必修一 Unit 2 景点、旅游与旅游方式 外研版2019必修二 Unit 5 通过旅行了解世界 话题阅读精练 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage 1 阅读理解 议论文 330 车内触摸屏技术导致的分心驾驶问题及其对交通安全的影响 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 337 格拉茨技术大学的研究人员现在已经推出了第二代智能交通信号灯 Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 335 蚂蚁的协作移动模式对自动驾驶汽车编程和人类驾驶习惯的借鉴意义 Passage 4 阅读理解 议论文 495 交通事故对人类生命造成的威胁，告诉我们应该制定更严格的交通法规来防止事故的发生。 Passage 5 阅读理解 说明文 335 一款帮助乘客选择公交车更凉爽和舒适座位的应用Veyil，提升公共交通体验 Passage 6 阅读理解 说明文 338 谷歌研发无人驾驶汽车的进展、面临的问题以及未来前景等 主题简析素材积累 本专题的主题语境为 “辅助驾驶与交通安全”，它隶属于英语课程标准中 “人与社会” 主题语境下的子话题。在科技飞速发展的当下，辅助驾驶技术作为汽车智能化发展的重要成果，正深刻影响着现代交通出行方式。辅助驾驶系统通过传感器、摄像头、雷达等先进技术，为驾驶员提供车道偏离预警、自动紧急制动、自适应巡航等功能，旨在降低交通事故发生率，提升交通出行的安全性与效率。这一主题不仅涉及现代科技与交通领域的融合，还关乎公众的生命财产安全以及社会的稳定发展。通过对该主题的学习，学生能够了解辅助驾驶技术的工作原理、实际应用场景，认识到其在交通安全中的重要作用，同时也能思考技术发展带来的伦理、法律等社会问题。这有助于培养学生的科技素养和批判性思维，使其更好地理解科技与社会的关系，增强社会责任感，以适应未来科技社会的发展需求。​ 句子积累 1.描述辅助驾驶功能​ The advanced driver assistance systems in modern cars, such as ACC and LKA, can help drivers operate the vehicle more safely. 现代汽车中的先进驾驶辅助系统，如自适应巡航控制和车道保持辅助，可以帮助驾驶员更安全地操作车辆。​ This car is equipped with a blind spot detection system, which alerts the driver when there is a vehicle in the blind spot. 这辆车配备了盲区监测系统，当盲区内有车辆时会提醒驾驶员。​ The automatic emergency braking system of this vehicle will activate automatically when it detects an imminent collision. 当检测到即将发生碰撞时，这辆车的自动紧急制动系统将自动启动。​ 2.强调交通安全重要性​ Traffic safety is of utmost importance, and every driver should always keep it in mind. 交通安全至关重要，每个驾驶员都应时刻牢记。​ Obeying traffic rules is the key to preventing traffic accidents. 遵守交通规则是预防交通事故的关键。​ Drivers must always keep a safe distance from the vehicle in front to avoid collisions. 驾驶员必须始终与前车保持安全距离以避免碰撞。​ 3.表达辅助驾驶与驾驶员责任关系​ Although the car has advanced driving assistance functions, the driver still bears full responsibility for safe driving. 尽管汽车拥有先进的驾驶辅助功能，但驾驶员仍对安全驾驶负有全部责任​ Even with the help of ADAS, drivers should not rely too much on these systems and should stay focused on the road. 即使有先进驾驶辅助系统的帮助，驾驶员也不应过度依赖这些系统，而应专注于道路情况。​ When using the parking assist function, the driver still needs to be vigilant and make sure the parking environment is safe. 当使用泊车辅助功能时，驾驶员仍然需要保持警惕，确保泊车环境安全。​ 4谈论交通安全现状与问题​ In recent years, with the increasing popularity of cars, traffic accidents caused by various reasons are still a serious problem. 近年来，随着汽车的日益普及，由各种原因导致的交通事故仍然是一个严重的问题。​ The complex road conditions in big cities pose challenges to both drivers and the performance of driving assistance systems. 大城市复杂的路况对驾驶员和驾驶辅助系统的性能都构成了挑战。 Some drivers' lack of awareness of traffic safety and improper use of driving assistance functions increase the risk of accidents. 一些驾驶员交通安全意识淡薄以及对驾驶辅助功能的不当使用增加了事故风险。 必备词块 1.辅助驾驶相关​ advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) 先进驾驶辅助系统​ autonomous vehicles (AVs) 自动驾驶汽车（也可理解为高度自动化的辅助驾驶车辆）​ adaptive cruise control (ACC) 自适应巡航控制​ automatic emergency braking (AEB) 自动紧急制动​ lane keeping assist (LKA) 车道保持辅助​ blind spot detection (BSD) 盲区监测​ parking assist 泊车辅助​ intelligent speed limit control (ISLC) 智能限速控制​ traffic sign recognition (TSR) 交通标志识别​ driver fatigue monitoring (DFM) 驾驶员疲劳监测​ driver attention monitoring (DAM) 驾驶员注意力监测​ 2.交通安全相关​ traffic safety 交通安全​ speed limit 限速​ keep a safe distance 保持安全距离​ obey traffic rules 遵守交通规则​ traffic accident/collision 交通事故 / 碰撞​ seat belt 安全带​ road condition 路况​ intersection 十字路口​ traffic jam/congestion 交通拥堵​ pedestrian 行人​ crosswalk 人行横道​ warning sign 警示标志​ accident prevention 事故预防​ 实战演练 Passage 1 Carmakers have made great advances in safety over the last 20 years. At the forefront of these advances are digital technologies that can keep a car in its lane (车道), stop to avoid a crash by itself, and even call for help in an emergency. But unfortunately, these carmakers are going too far concerning the rising dependence on touch screens inside cars. In the beginning, touch screens were a practical way to put satellite, GPS-guided directions, and other useful entertainment functions together into cars while the main controls (控制装置) for driving were left largely unchanged. But designers couldn’t just leave them alone. Now, touch screens, which require a hand and concentration to use, have taken over many functions, even basic driving tasks like turning on headlights and checking the car’s speed, stealing drivers’ attention. Distracted (分心的) driving has become a big problem. According to National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, accidents caused by distracted driving in 2022 led to 3,308 traffic deaths. Thousands more drivers have their cars damaged or destroyed by those who just can’t keep their eyes off their screens. Besides, the overdependence on touch screens presents a usability issue, too. If any part of a driver’s hand accidentally touches the screen, it’s likely to activate some feature, and not necessarily the wanted one. Quickly disappearing are the days when physical buttons enable drivers to turn down the radio or turn on the headlights simply by feel, without taking their eyes off the road. Instead, they must divide their attention between the road and the screen, which is dangerous. I’m not opposed to technological upgrades in general. But when I have to focus on what’s inside the car instead of on what’s happening in front of it, it’s gone too far. So give me back my physical buttons that I can control only by feel, and let me keep my eyes on the road where they belong. 1．What’s the first paragraph mainly about? A．Complaints from some carmakers. B．Celebration of technological advances. C．Importance of digital technologies in cars. D．A concerning problem with an in-car technology. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Driving tasks. B．Basic driving tasks. C．Main controls for driving. D．Useful entertainment functions. 3．What is included in paragraph 3? A．Rules. B．Effects. C．Solutions. D．Reasons. 4．What’s the writer’s attitude toward in-car touch screen technology? A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Satisfied. D．Unconcerned. Passage 2 In 2018, Vienna used its first smart traffic lights, which were specifically designed to increase pedestrian (行人) safety. After years of improvement, the Graz University of Technology (TU Graz) researchers have now rolled out the second generation. The new system is programmed to provide greater help to pedestrians with walking aids, wheelchairs, and even baby strollers (婴儿车). People with limited mobility (移动能力) are more at risk when crossing busy streets. Pedestrians using wheelchairs, for example, are 36 percent more likely to die in a car-related accident when compared to those hit while standing. This is often due to a lot of factors, including potentially reduced visibility (可能降低的能见度) for drivers and longer crossing times for pedestrians in wheelchairs. While smart traffic light cameras can identify the majority of pedestrians, they often have difficulty doing so for pedestrians with limited mobility. According to TU Graz, new smart traffic lights may greatly address these previous limitations. This is thanks to thousands of times more computing power than the original programming. “This allows us to use a more advanced machine learning model, which means that people can be identified more easily,” project manager Horst Possegger said. “People with limited mobility usually need longer to cross the road. Our traffic light system can easily recognize such needs and keep the green light on when necessary.” Every camera covers a 323-square-foot waiting area around each smart traffic light to which pedestrians will cross the street at any time. Privacy is a major concern for the designers here, as well. In every situation, cameras process and delete real-time image data in less than 50 milliseconds. The only information stored for later use is the number of pedestrians, as well as their potential mobility restriction classifications (限制分类). System designers hope that this data could soon help the city improve traffic light systems, or even finally redesign smart light schedules. 1．Who will particularly benefit from the new smart traffic lights? A．People driving cars. B．People running fast. C．People using wheelchairs. D．People following traffic rules. 2．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the new smart traffic lights? A．Their necessity. B．Their costs. C．Their popularity. D．Their limitations. 3．How does the new system work? A．By controlling the green time. B．By giving some voice instructions. C．By identifying if an accident has happened. D．By guessing how many pedestrians will cross the road. 4．What do the designers pay attention to according to the last paragraph? A．Adding more cameras. B．Protecting pedestrian privacy. C．Making the cameras work faster. D．Recording when pedestrians cross the streets Passage 3 From an airplane, cars moving slowly down the highway look like ants. But unlike cars, actual ants somehow manage to avoid stop-and-go traffic. Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up. The previous research by Katsuhiro Nishinari, a mathematical physicist at the University of Tokyo, had shown that foraging (觅食的) ants can maintain their flow even when it’s very crowded. So what’s their secret? In a recent study, researchers recorded Ochetellus ants on foraging paths and used traffic-engineering models to analyze their movement. They found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of three to twenty that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another — and they don’t speed up to pass others. Human drivers at rush hour are hardly likely to follow such rules. “We’re maximizing the interest of individuals, which is why at a given point you start to have a traffic jam,” says study co-author Nicola Pugno, who studies solid mechanics at the University of Trento in Italy. However, self-driving cars could have more cooperative programming if they one day become widespread. In one vision of this future, autonomous vehicles would share information with nearby cars to enhance traffic flow by prioritizing (优先考虑) constant speeds and time intervals or by not passing others on the road. This vehicle network would be similar to ants on a path, which use scent to coordinate behavior while interacting with one another. However, today’s drivers can learn at least one thing from ants to avoid causing a traffic jam: don’t tailgate. By leaving room between their car and the one ahead of them, drivers can prevent small slowdowns from turning into big traffic jams. Maintaining a steady speed rather than frequent speed-up and braking (刹车) can also help reduce the likelihood of traffic jams, making the journey smoother and safer for everyone on the road. 1．Why do ants never get caught in traffic jams? A．They are small and travel slowly. B．They have a special sense of direction. C．They always move in a similar foraging path. D．They keep a steady speed and a suitable distance. 2．How might self-driving cars reduce traffic jams? A．By adjusting routes in real time. B．By moving along the dedicated lanes. C．By sharing data with surrounding vehicles. D．By monitoring road conditions with sensors. 3．What does the underlined word “tailgate” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Brake suddenly. B．Follow closely. C．Drive quickly. D．Turn sharply. 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．Reasons for Modern Traffic Jams B．Methods to Manage Traffic Flow C．Ant-Inspired Solutions for Smoother Traffic D．Interaction-Based Traffic Systems on City Roads Passage 4 From the health point of view we are living in a marvelous age. We are immunized (免疫) from birth against many of the most dangerous diseases. A large number of once deadly illnesses can now be cured by modern drugs and medical treatment. It is almost certain that one day cures will be found for the most stubborn remaining diseases. The expectation of life has increased enormously. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the unbelievable slaughter (屠杀) of men, women and children on the roads. Man vs the motor-car! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. Thousands of people the world over are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen. It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel (方向盘), his car becomes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man's very worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind a steering-wheel. They are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-year-old and absolutely selfish. All their hidden disappointments and regrets seem to be brought by the act of driving. The surprising thing is that society smiles so kindly on the motorist and seems to forgive his behavior. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost impossible to live in because of heavy tragic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is ruined by road networks; and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing more than a statistic, to be conveniently forgotten. It is high time a world system of laws were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. As for driving, the laws of some countries are not strict and even the strictest are not strict enough. Here are a few examples of some of the things that might be done. The driving test should be standardized and made far more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21; all vehicles should be put through strict annual tests for safety. Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can affect a person's driving ability. Present drinking and driving laws (where they exist) should be made much stricter. Maximum and minimum speed limits should be introduced on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specifications (规范) for manufacturers, as has been done in the USA．All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned. These measures may sound too severe. But surely nothing should be considered as too severe if it results in reducing the annual toll of human life. After all, the world is for human beings, not motor-cars. 1．The main idea of this passage is ________. A．Traffic accidents are mainly caused by motorists B．Thousands of people the world over are killed each year C．The laws of some countries about driving are not too strict D．Only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents 2．What does the author think of society toward motorists? A．Society laughs at the motorists. B．Huge car parks are built in the cities and towns. C．Victims of accidents are nothing. D．Society-forgives their rude driving. 3．Why does the author say: “his car becomes the extension of his personality?” A．Driving can show his hidden self. B．Driving can show the other part of his personality. C．Driving can bring out his character. D．His car can express his temper. 4．Which of the followings is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents? A．Build more highways. B．Make stricter driving tests. C．Test drivers every three years. D．Raise age limit and lay down sweety specifications. 5．The attitude of the author towards driving and safety rules is ________. A．indifferent B．critical C．appealing D．favorable Passage 5 Imagine waiting at a bus stop, excited to explore a new city. The bus arrives, and you settle into your seat, eager for the journey ahead. But as the bus starts moving, the hot sun streams in, ruining your mood. The thought wonders: If only I’d chosen the other side of the bus. Now, what if you could predict which side of the bus would be shaded during your trip? Veyil may be a simple solution to the everyday problem. Veyil, an app, is designed for those who rely on public transport. It mainly helps users identify which side of the bus will stay cooler and shaded during the journey. Using the Veyil app is simple—just input (输入) your starting point, destination, travel time and the day. The app then analyses your route using GPS, accurately calculating sunlight directions to determine the sunniest and shadiest spots. It provides real-time guidance on whether to sit on the left or right side of the bus for comfort. What sets Veyil apart is its philosophy (哲学) —the belief that small, practical solutions can address significant inconveniences. Its creators believe in empowering users with tools that simplify daily experiences, one journey at a time. This philosophy comes to life through moving stories from users. “Once we got a message from a lady thanking us for the app. She shared that because of Veyil, her new baby is able to sleep well during bus journeys,” says Hadi, one of Veyil’s creators. The idea of the app took root in 2019 when creators decided to employ technology to solve common travel issues. In May 2024, the complete version of the app was released. Accessible as both an app and a website, Veyil ensures easy use for everyone. As it gains popularity, it’s set to change how people perceive public transport. With plans to work with weather updates and further shade-tracking, the app serves as a shining example of how technology can bring comfort to life. 1．What’s the feature of Veyil? A．It cures users of travel sickness. B．It uses GPS to locate users’ position. C．It guides users to take comfortable seats. D．It helps users find the destination easily. 2．What can we infer from Hadi’s words in the third paragraph? A．Veyil targets young users. B．Users are content with Veyil. C．Babies tend to sleep on public transport. D．Hadi was moved to tears by the stories of Veyil. 3．What lesson can we learn from the text? A．It is never too old to learn. B．Truth stands the test of time. C．Technology can serve life well. D．Creativity comes from boring work. 4．What’s the best title of the text? A．Can Weather Be Predicted Better? B．Will Transport System Be Updated? C．Will Public Transport Be Replaced? D．Can Passengers Choose Cooler Seats? Passage 6 TO GOOGLE is now in broad usage as a verb for getting information from the Internet. If the tech giant has its way, “I Googled” will become a standard reply to the question — “How did you get here?” On May 28th Google said it would build 100 autonomous (自动驾驶的) cars. It is the next stage in its obvious aim to be as common on the road as on computer screens. People have dreamed about driver-less motoring since at least the 1930s, but only in recent years have carmakers such as Mercedes-Benz and Volvo given the matter more thought, equipping test cars with the sensors and complicated software required to pass through busy roads. Google has made rapid progress by designing a driver-less car from the ground up. But bringing autonomous motoring to the world is proving harder than Google had imagined. It once promised it by 2017. Now it does not see production models coming out before 2020. The technology is far advanced, but it still needs to be made smaller and cheaper. Google’s current test cars are said to be filled with equipment worth $80,000. Google’s latest efforts may have as much to do with convincing the public and lawmakers as improving the technology. The firm stresses that computers are more likely than humans to avoid accidents. The cars will have a top speed of just 25mph and a front end made of soft foam (泡沫) to protect careless pedestrians. The benefits could indeed be huge. Driving time could be given over to working, sleeping or surfing the Internet. However, the issue of liability (问责) in the event of a driver-less car crashing has yet to be resolved. Turning cars into products may not be good news for traditional carmakers. But changing the concept of driving into service fits well with Google’s plans to become as big in hardware as in software. And unlike car firms. which talk vaguely of becoming “mobility providers”. Google has a lot of money to make this a reality and no worries about disturbing its current business. Google admits it still has “lots of work to do”. But I couldn’t agree more that one day Googling to the shops may be a common activity. 1．What’s Google’s next goal? A．To get driver-less cars on the road. B．To cut down the cost of making cars. C．To become a tech giant in computer. D．To beat Mercedes-Benz and Volvo. 2．What benefits do Google’s driver-less cars have? A．There’s no problem with who to blame (责备) for a crash. B．They can protect drivers from severe injury in the car crash. C．Most of the accidents can be avoided due to the autonomous cars. D．Drivers sometimes won’t be necessarily concentrated on the road. 3．What is the author’s attitude to the future of self-driving cars? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Disapproving. D．Sympathetic. 4．What might be the best title of the passage? A．Google — the tech giant. B．Google’s Cars Trade. C．Autonomous Vehicle Adventure. D．Google’s Driver-less Cars’ Journey. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 热点话题03 辅助驾驶与交通安全 教材相关主题 教材 单元 主题 人教版2019必修一 Unit 2 景点、旅游与旅游方式 外研版2019必修二 Unit 5 通过旅行了解世界 话题阅读精练 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage 1 阅读理解 议论文 330 车内触摸屏技术导致的分心驾驶问题及其对交通安全的影响 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 337 格拉茨技术大学的研究人员现在已经推出了第二代智能交通信号灯 Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 335 蚂蚁的协作移动模式对自动驾驶汽车编程和人类驾驶习惯的借鉴意义 Passage 4 阅读理解 议论文 495 交通事故对人类生命造成的威胁，告诉我们应该制定更严格的交通法规来防止事故的发生。 Passage 5 阅读理解 说明文 335 一款帮助乘客选择公交车更凉爽和舒适座位的应用Veyil，提升公共交通体验 Passage 6 阅读理解 说明文 338 谷歌研发无人驾驶汽车的进展、面临的问题以及未来前景等 素材积累 主题简析 本专题的主题语境为 “辅助驾驶与交通安全”，它隶属于英语课程标准中 “人与社会” 主题语境下的子话题。在科技飞速发展的当下，辅助驾驶技术作为汽车智能化发展的重要成果，正深刻影响着现代交通出行方式。辅助驾驶系统通过传感器、摄像头、雷达等先进技术，为驾驶员提供车道偏离预警、自动紧急制动、自适应巡航等功能，旨在降低交通事故发生率，提升交通出行的安全性与效率。这一主题不仅涉及现代科技与交通领域的融合，还关乎公众的生命财产安全以及社会的稳定发展。通过对该主题的学习，学生能够了解辅助驾驶技术的工作原理、实际应用场景，认识到其在交通安全中的重要作用，同时也能思考技术发展带来的伦理、法律等社会问题。这有助于培养学生的科技素养和批判性思维，使其更好地理解科技与社会的关系，增强社会责任感，以适应未来科技社会的发展需求。​ 句子积累 1.描述辅助驾驶功能​ The advanced driver assistance systems in modern cars, such as ACC and LKA, can help drivers operate the vehicle more safely. 现代汽车中的先进驾驶辅助系统，如自适应巡航控制和车道保持辅助，可以帮助驾驶员更安全地操作车辆。​ This car is equipped with a blind spot detection system, which alerts the driver when there is a vehicle in the blind spot. 这辆车配备了盲区监测系统，当盲区内有车辆时会提醒驾驶员。​ The automatic emergency braking system of this vehicle will activate automatically when it detects an imminent collision. 当检测到即将发生碰撞时，这辆车的自动紧急制动系统将自动启动。​ 2.强调交通安全重要性​ Traffic safety is of utmost importance, and every driver should always keep it in mind. 交通安全至关重要，每个驾驶员都应时刻牢记。​ Obeying traffic rules is the key to preventing traffic accidents. 遵守交通规则是预防交通事故的关键。​ Drivers must always keep a safe distance from the vehicle in front to avoid collisions. 驾驶员必须始终与前车保持安全距离以避免碰撞。​ 3.表达辅助驾驶与驾驶员责任关系​ Although the car has advanced driving assistance functions, the driver still bears full responsibility for safe driving. 尽管汽车拥有先进的驾驶辅助功能，但驾驶员仍对安全驾驶负有全部责任​ Even with the help of ADAS, drivers should not rely too much on these systems and should stay focused on the road. 即使有先进驾驶辅助系统的帮助，驾驶员也不应过度依赖这些系统，而应专注于道路情况。​ When using the parking assist function, the driver still needs to be vigilant and make sure the parking environment is safe. 当使用泊车辅助功能时，驾驶员仍然需要保持警惕，确保泊车环境安全。​ 4谈论交通安全现状与问题​ In recent years, with the increasing popularity of cars, traffic accidents caused by various reasons are still a serious problem. 近年来，随着汽车的日益普及，由各种原因导致的交通事故仍然是一个严重的问题。​ The complex road conditions in big cities pose challenges to both drivers and the performance of driving assistance systems. 大城市复杂的路况对驾驶员和驾驶辅助系统的性能都构成了挑战。 Some drivers' lack of awareness of traffic safety and improper use of driving assistance functions increase the risk of accidents. 一些驾驶员交通安全意识淡薄以及对驾驶辅助功能的不当使用增加了事故风险。 必备词块 1.辅助驾驶相关​ advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) 先进驾驶辅助系统​ autonomous vehicles (AVs) 自动驾驶汽车（也可理解为高度自动化的辅助驾驶车辆）​ adaptive cruise control (ACC) 自适应巡航控制​ automatic emergency braking (AEB) 自动紧急制动​ lane keeping assist (LKA) 车道保持辅助​ blind spot detection (BSD) 盲区监测​ parking assist 泊车辅助​ intelligent speed limit control (ISLC) 智能限速控制​ traffic sign recognition (TSR) 交通标志识别​ driver fatigue monitoring (DFM) 驾驶员疲劳监测​ driver attention monitoring (DAM) 驾驶员注意力监测​ 2.交通安全相关​ traffic safety 交通安全​ speed limit 限速​ keep a safe distance 保持安全距离​ obey traffic rules 遵守交通规则​ traffic accident/collision 交通事故 / 碰撞​ seat belt 安全带​ road condition 路况​ intersection 十字路口​ traffic jam/congestion 交通拥堵​ pedestrian 行人​ crosswalk 人行横道​ warning sign 警示标志​ accident prevention 事故预防​ 实战演练 Passage 1 Carmakers have made great advances in safety over the last 20 years. At the forefront of these advances are digital technologies that can keep a car in its lane (车道), stop to avoid a crash by itself, and even call for help in an emergency. But unfortunately, these carmakers are going too far concerning the rising dependence on touch screens inside cars. In the beginning, touch screens were a practical way to put satellite, GPS-guided directions, and other useful entertainment functions together into cars while the main controls (控制装置) for driving were left largely unchanged. But designers couldn’t just leave them alone. Now, touch screens, which require a hand and concentration to use, have taken over many functions, even basic driving tasks like turning on headlights and checking the car’s speed, stealing drivers’ attention. Distracted (分心的) driving has become a big problem. According to National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, accidents caused by distracted driving in 2022 led to 3,308 traffic deaths. Thousands more drivers have their cars damaged or destroyed by those who just can’t keep their eyes off their screens. Besides, the overdependence on touch screens presents a usability issue, too. If any part of a driver’s hand accidentally touches the screen, it’s likely to activate some feature, and not necessarily the wanted one. Quickly disappearing are the days when physical buttons enable drivers to turn down the radio or turn on the headlights simply by feel, without taking their eyes off the road. Instead, they must divide their attention between the road and the screen, which is dangerous. I’m not opposed to technological upgrades in general. But when I have to focus on what’s inside the car instead of on what’s happening in front of it, it’s gone too far. So give me back my physical buttons that I can control only by feel, and let me keep my eyes on the road where they belong. 1．What’s the first paragraph mainly about? A．Complaints from some carmakers. B．Celebration of technological advances. C．Importance of digital technologies in cars. D．A concerning problem with an in-car technology. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Driving tasks. B．Basic driving tasks. C．Main controls for driving. D．Useful entertainment functions. 3．What is included in paragraph 3? A．Rules. B．Effects. C．Solutions. D．Reasons. 4．What’s the writer’s attitude toward in-car touch screen technology? A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Satisfied. D．Unconcerned. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了车内触摸屏技术导致的分心驾驶问题及其对交通安全的影响，并表达了对这一趋势的担忧和批评。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Carmakers have made great advances in safety over the last 20 years. At the forefront of these advances are digital technologies that can keep a car in its lane, stop to avoid a crash by itself, and even call for help in an emergency. But unfortunately, these carmakers are going too far concerning the rising dependence on touch screens inside cars. (在过去的20年里，汽车制造商在安全方面取得了巨大的进步。这些进步的最前沿是数字技术，它可以让汽车保持在车道上，自动停车以避免碰撞，甚至在紧急情况下呼救。但不幸的是，就车内对触摸屏日益增长的依赖而言，这些汽车制造商做得太过分了。)”可知，第一段主要讨论的是车内触摸屏技术引发的一个令人担忧的问题。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“In the beginning, touch screens were a practical way to put satellite, GPS-guided directions, and other useful entertainment functions together into cars while the main controls (控制装置) for driving were left largely unchanged. But designers couldn’t just leave them alone. (起初，触摸屏是一种实用的方式，可以将卫星、GPS导航方向和其他有用的娱乐功能集成到汽车中，而驾驶的主要控制装置则基本保持不变。但设计师们不能就这么放着它们不管。)”可知，them指代的是“main controls for driving (驾驶的主要控制装置)”。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Distracted (分心的) driving has become a big problem. According to National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, accidents caused by distracted driving in 2022 led to 3,308 traffic deaths. Thousands more drivers have their cars damaged or destroyed by those who just can’t keep their eyes off their screens. Besides, the overdependence on touch screens presents a usability issue, too. If any part of a driver’s hand accidentally touches the screen, it’s likely to activate some feature, and not necessarily the wanted one. (分心驾驶已经成为一个大问题。根据美国国家公路交通安全管理局的数据，2022年因分心驾驶导致的交通事故造成3308人死亡。还有数千名司机的汽车被那些无法将视线从屏幕上移开的人损坏或摧毁。此外，过度依赖触摸屏也带来了可用性问题。如果司机的手不小心碰到屏幕的任何部分，都可能激活某些功能，但不一定是想要的功能。)”可知，第三段主要讨论了分心驾驶带来的影响，包括交通事故和可用性问题。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I’m not opposed to technological upgrades in general. But when I have to focus on what’s inside the car instead of on what’s happening in front of it, it’s gone too far. So give me back my physical buttons that I can control only by feel, and let me keep my eyes on the road where they belong. (总的来说，我并不反对技术升级。但当我不得不把注意力放在车内的东西上，而不是车前方发生的事情上时，这就太过了。所以，把那些我仅凭触感就能操作的物理按键还给我吧，让我的眼睛能一直盯着它本该在的地方——路面。)”可推知，作者反对过度依赖车载触摸屏，态度消极。故选A。 Passage 2 In 2018, Vienna used its first smart traffic lights, which were specifically designed to increase pedestrian (行人) safety. After years of improvement, the Graz University of Technology (TU Graz) researchers have now rolled out the second generation. The new system is programmed to provide greater help to pedestrians with walking aids, wheelchairs, and even baby strollers (婴儿车). People with limited mobility (移动能力) are more at risk when crossing busy streets. Pedestrians using wheelchairs, for example, are 36 percent more likely to die in a car-related accident when compared to those hit while standing. This is often due to a lot of factors, including potentially reduced visibility (可能降低的能见度) for drivers and longer crossing times for pedestrians in wheelchairs. While smart traffic light cameras can identify the majority of pedestrians, they often have difficulty doing so for pedestrians with limited mobility. According to TU Graz, new smart traffic lights may greatly address these previous limitations. This is thanks to thousands of times more computing power than the original programming. “This allows us to use a more advanced machine learning model, which means that people can be identified more easily,” project manager Horst Possegger said. “People with limited mobility usually need longer to cross the road. Our traffic light system can easily recognize such needs and keep the green light on when necessary.” Every camera covers a 323-square-foot waiting area around each smart traffic light to which pedestrians will cross the street at any time. Privacy is a major concern for the designers here, as well. In every situation, cameras process and delete real-time image data in less than 50 milliseconds. The only information stored for later use is the number of pedestrians, as well as their potential mobility restriction classifications (限制分类). System designers hope that this data could soon help the city improve traffic light systems, or even finally redesign smart light schedules. 1．Who will particularly benefit from the new smart traffic lights? A．People driving cars. B．People running fast. C．People using wheelchairs. D．People following traffic rules. 2．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the new smart traffic lights? A．Their necessity. B．Their costs. C．Their popularity. D．Their limitations. 3．How does the new system work? A．By controlling the green time. B．By giving some voice instructions. C．By identifying if an accident has happened. D．By guessing how many pedestrians will cross the road. 4．What do the designers pay attention to according to the last paragraph? A．Adding more cameras. B．Protecting pedestrian privacy. C．Making the cameras work faster. D．Recording when pedestrians cross the streets 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了维也纳在2018年首次使用了智能交通信号灯，以提高行人安全，经过多年的改进，格拉茨技术大学的研究人员现在已经推出了第二代智能交通信号灯，新系统旨在为使用助行器、轮椅甚至婴儿车的行人提供更大的帮助。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The new system is programmed to provide greater help to pedestrians with walking aids, wheelchairs, and even baby strollers.(新系统被编程为向使用助行器、轮椅甚至婴儿车的行人提供更大的帮助)”可知，使用轮椅的人会特别受益于新的智能交通信号灯。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据第二段“People with limited mobility are more at risk when crossing busy streets. Pedestrians using wheelchairs, for example, are 32 percent more likely to die in a car-related accident when compared to those hit while standing. This is often due to a lot of factors, including potentially reduced visibility for drivers and longer crossing times for pedestrians in wheelchairs.(行动不便的人在穿过繁忙的街道时面临更大的风险。例如，使用轮椅的行人在与汽车相关的事故中死亡的可能性比站立时被撞的行人高出32%。这通常是由于许多因素造成的，包括司机可能降低的能见度和轮椅行人过马路的时间更长)”可知，第二段主要讲述了新的智能交通信号灯的必要性。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Our traffic light system can easily recognize such needs and keep the green light on when necessary.(我们的交通信号灯系统可以很容易地识别出这些需求，并在必要时保持绿灯亮着)”可知，新系统是通过控制绿灯时间来工作的。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Privacy is a major concern for the designers here, as well. In every situation, cameras process and delete real-time image data in less than 50 milliseconds. The only information stored for later use is the number of pedestrians, as well as their potential mobility restriction classifications.(隐私也是设计师们在这里关注的一个主要问题。在每一种情况下，摄像头都会在不到50毫秒的时间内处理和删除实时图像数据。为以后使用而存储的唯一信息是行人的数量，以及他们可能的行动能力限制分类)”可知，设计师们注意到了保护行人隐私。故选B。 Passage 3 From an airplane, cars moving slowly down the highway look like ants. But unlike cars, actual ants somehow manage to avoid stop-and-go traffic. Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up. The previous research by Katsuhiro Nishinari, a mathematical physicist at the University of Tokyo, had shown that foraging (觅食的) ants can maintain their flow even when it’s very crowded. So what’s their secret? In a recent study, researchers recorded Ochetellus ants on foraging paths and used traffic-engineering models to analyze their movement. They found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of three to twenty that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another — and they don’t speed up to pass others. Human drivers at rush hour are hardly likely to follow such rules. “We’re maximizing the interest of individuals, which is why at a given point you start to have a traffic jam,” says study co-author Nicola Pugno, who studies solid mechanics at the University of Trento in Italy. However, self-driving cars could have more cooperative programming if they one day become widespread. In one vision of this future, autonomous vehicles would share information with nearby cars to enhance traffic flow by prioritizing (优先考虑) constant speeds and time intervals or by not passing others on the road. This vehicle network would be similar to ants on a path, which use scent to coordinate behavior while interacting with one another. However, today’s drivers can learn at least one thing from ants to avoid causing a traffic jam: don’t tailgate. By leaving room between their car and the one ahead of them, drivers can prevent small slowdowns from turning into big traffic jams. Maintaining a steady speed rather than frequent speed-up and braking (刹车) can also help reduce the likelihood of traffic jams, making the journey smoother and safer for everyone on the road. 1．Why do ants never get caught in traffic jams? A．They are small and travel slowly. B．They have a special sense of direction. C．They always move in a similar foraging path. D．They keep a steady speed and a suitable distance. 2．How might self-driving cars reduce traffic jams? A．By adjusting routes in real time. B．By moving along the dedicated lanes. C．By sharing data with surrounding vehicles. D．By monitoring road conditions with sensors. 3．What does the underlined word “tailgate” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Brake suddenly. B．Follow closely. C．Drive quickly. D．Turn sharply. 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．Reasons for Modern Traffic Jams B．Methods to Manage Traffic Flow C．Ant-Inspired Solutions for Smoother Traffic D．Interaction-Based Traffic Systems on City Roads 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蚂蚁的协作移动模式，提出其对自动驾驶汽车编程和人类驾驶习惯的借鉴意义，以优化交通流并减少堵塞。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“They found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of three to twenty that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another — and they don’t speed up to pass others. (研究发现，蚂蚁之所以不会发生堵塞，是因为它们通常以3到20只为一组进行移动，这些蚂蚁群体保持着近乎恒定的行进速度，彼此间保持适当间距，而且从不加速超过其他蚂蚁)”可知，蚂蚁永远不会陷入交通堵塞是因为它们保持近乎恒定的速度和良好的间距。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In one vision of this future, autonomous vehicles would share information with nearby cars to enhance traffic flow by prioritizing (优先考虑) constant speeds and time intervals or by not passing others on the road. (在未来的一种设想中，自动驾驶汽车将与附近的汽车共享信息，通过优先考虑恒定的速度和时间间隔，或者不超过路上的其他人，来提高交通流量)”可知，自动驾驶汽车可通过与附近车辆共享信息来减少交通堵塞。故选C项。 3．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“By leaving room between their car and the one ahead of them, drivers can prevent small slowdowns from turning into big traffic jams. (通过在他们的车和前面的车之间留出空间，司机可以防止小的减速变成大的交通堵塞)”并结合划线词句可知，避免堵塞的方法是在车与前车之间留出空间，因此画线词应指“跟车过近”。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“But unlike cars, actual ants somehow manage to avoid stop-and-go traffic. Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up. (但与汽车不同的是，蚂蚁却总能避免走走停停的交通状况。研究人员正在研究这些昆虫的协作策略，以学习如何为自动驾驶汽车编程，从而避免交通堵塞)”可知，文章以蚂蚁的协作行为为切入点，探讨其对缓解交通堵塞的启示，如自动驾驶编程和人类驾驶建议。因此，C项“以蚂蚁为灵感的交通顺畅解决方案”体现“蚂蚁”与“交通优化”的关联，最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。 Passage 4 From the health point of view we are living in a marvelous age. We are immunized (免疫) from birth against many of the most dangerous diseases. A large number of once deadly illnesses can now be cured by modern drugs and medical treatment. It is almost certain that one day cures will be found for the most stubborn remaining diseases. The expectation of life has increased enormously. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the unbelievable slaughter (屠杀) of men, women and children on the roads. Man vs the motor-car! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. Thousands of people the world over are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen. It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel (方向盘), his car becomes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man's very worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind a steering-wheel. They are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-year-old and absolutely selfish. All their hidden disappointments and regrets seem to be brought by the act of driving. The surprising thing is that society smiles so kindly on the motorist and seems to forgive his behavior. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost impossible to live in because of heavy tragic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is ruined by road networks; and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing more than a statistic, to be conveniently forgotten. It is high time a world system of laws were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. As for driving, the laws of some countries are not strict and even the strictest are not strict enough. Here are a few examples of some of the things that might be done. The driving test should be standardized and made far more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21; all vehicles should be put through strict annual tests for safety. Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can affect a person's driving ability. Present drinking and driving laws (where they exist) should be made much stricter. Maximum and minimum speed limits should be introduced on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specifications (规范) for manufacturers, as has been done in the USA．All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned. These measures may sound too severe. But surely nothing should be considered as too severe if it results in reducing the annual toll of human life. After all, the world is for human beings, not motor-cars. 1．The main idea of this passage is ________. A．Traffic accidents are mainly caused by motorists B．Thousands of people the world over are killed each year C．The laws of some countries about driving are not too strict D．Only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents 2．What does the author think of society toward motorists? A．Society laughs at the motorists. B．Huge car parks are built in the cities and towns. C．Victims of accidents are nothing. D．Society-forgives their rude driving. 3．Why does the author say: “his car becomes the extension of his personality?” A．Driving can show his hidden self. B．Driving can show the other part of his personality. C．Driving can bring out his character. D．His car can express his temper. 4．Which of the followings is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents? A．Build more highways. B．Make stricter driving tests. C．Test drivers every three years. D．Raise age limit and lay down sweety specifications. 5．The attitude of the author towards driving and safety rules is ________. A．indifferent B．critical C．appealing D．favorable 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．B 【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要谈论了交通事故对人类生命造成的威胁，告诉我们应该制定更严格的交通法规来防止事故的发生。 1．主旨大意题。通读文章，结合最后一段“It is high time a world system of laws were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. As for driving, the laws of some countries are not strict and even the strictest are not strict enough. (现在正是时候建立一个全球性的法律体系来减少这种对人类生命的无谓浪费。就驾驶而言，一些国家的法律不够严格，甚至最严格的法律也还不够严格。)”可知，文章主要介绍了交通事故对人类生命造成的威胁，告诉我们是时候制定更严格的交通法规来防止事故的发生，由此可知，文章主要讲的是只有更严格的交通法规才能防止事故发生。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“They are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-year-old and absolutely selfish.(他们举止粗鲁、好斗，任性得像两岁的孩子，而且极端自私。)”和第三段“The surprising thing is that society smiles so kindly on the motorist and seems to forgive his behaviour.(令人惊讶的是，社会对司机如此友善，似乎对他的行为表示宽恕。)”可知，司机举止粗鲁，任性自私，但社会对司机很友善，似乎对他的粗鲁行为表示宽恕，由此可知，作者认为社会宽恕司机的粗鲁驾驶。故选D项。 3．词句猜测题。根据第二段“There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities.(毫无疑问，汽车常常表现出一个人最差的品质。)”和“ All their hidden disappointments and regrets seem to be brought by the act of driving.(所有隐藏的失望和遗憾似乎都因驾驶行为而被引发出来。)”可知，驾驶行为暴露出司机所有隐藏的失望和遗憾等最差的品质，由此可知，作者说：“his car becomes the extension of his personality”（他的车成了他个性的延伸）意思是开车可以展示他的真实自我，暴露出司机隐藏的最差的品质。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The driving test should be standardized and made far more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21; all vehicles should be put through strict annual tests for safety.(驾驶考试应该标准化，并且要比现在困难得多；应要求所有驾驶员每三年左右参加一次考试；年轻人被允许驾驶任何车辆的年龄应提高到至少21岁；所有车辆都应通过严格的年度安全测试。)”可知，防止交通事故的方法应制定更严格的驾驶考试、每三年测试一次驾驶员、提高年龄限制和制定安全规范等，文中没有提到修建更多高速公路这一点。故选A项。 5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is high time a world system of laws were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. (现在是时候建立一个全球性的法律体系来减少这种对人类生命的无谓浪费了。)”和“After all, the world is for human beings, not motor-cars.(毕竟，世界是属于人类的，而不是汽车的。)”可知，作者认为面对交通事故对人类生命造成的威胁，我们应该制定更严格的交通法规来防止事故的发生，毕竟，世界是属于人类的，而不是汽车的，由此可知，作者对驾驶和安全规则的态度是批判性的。故选B项。 Passage 5 Imagine waiting at a bus stop, excited to explore a new city. The bus arrives, and you settle into your seat, eager for the journey ahead. But as the bus starts moving, the hot sun streams in, ruining your mood. The thought wonders: If only I’d chosen the other side of the bus. Now, what if you could predict which side of the bus would be shaded during your trip? Veyil may be a simple solution to the everyday problem. Veyil, an app, is designed for those who rely on public transport. It mainly helps users identify which side of the bus will stay cooler and shaded during the journey. Using the Veyil app is simple—just input (输入) your starting point, destination, travel time and the day. The app then analyses your route using GPS, accurately calculating sunlight directions to determine the sunniest and shadiest spots. It provides real-time guidance on whether to sit on the left or right side of the bus for comfort. What sets Veyil apart is its philosophy (哲学) —the belief that small, practical solutions can address significant inconveniences. Its creators believe in empowering users with tools that simplify daily experiences, one journey at a time. This philosophy comes to life through moving stories from users. “Once we got a message from a lady thanking us for the app. She shared that because of Veyil, her new baby is able to sleep well during bus journeys,” says Hadi, one of Veyil’s creators. The idea of the app took root in 2019 when creators decided to employ technology to solve common travel issues. In May 2024, the complete version of the app was released. Accessible as both an app and a website, Veyil ensures easy use for everyone. As it gains popularity, it’s set to change how people perceive public transport. With plans to work with weather updates and further shade-tracking, the app serves as a shining example of how technology can bring comfort to life. 1．What’s the feature of Veyil? A．It cures users of travel sickness. B．It uses GPS to locate users’ position. C．It guides users to take comfortable seats. D．It helps users find the destination easily. 2．What can we infer from Hadi’s words in the third paragraph? A．Veyil targets young users. B．Users are content with Veyil. C．Babies tend to sleep on public transport. D．Hadi was moved to tears by the stories of Veyil. 3．What lesson can we learn from the text? A．It is never too old to learn. B．Truth stands the test of time. C．Technology can serve life well. D．Creativity comes from boring work. 4．What’s the best title of the text? A．Can Weather Be Predicted Better? B．Will Transport System Be Updated? C．Will Public Transport Be Replaced? D．Can Passengers Choose Cooler Seats? 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款通过GPS和实时数据分析帮助乘客选择公交车更凉爽和舒适座位的应用Veyil，展示了技术如何解决日常生活中的小问题，提升公共交通体验。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Veyil, an app, is designed for those who rely on public transport. It mainly helps users identify which side of the bus will stay cooler and shaded during the journey. (Veyil是一款专为那些依赖公共交通的人设计的应用程序。它主要是帮助用户识别在行驶过程中哪一侧会保持凉爽和阴凉。)”和“It provides real-time guidance on whether to sit on the left or right side of the bus for comfort. (它提供实时指导，告诉乘客应该坐在公交车的左边还是右边，以保持舒适。)”可知，Veyil的特点是它引导用户坐在舒适的座位上。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中Hadi所说的话“Once we got a message from a lady thanking us for the app. She shared that because of Veyil, her new baby is able to sleep well during bus journeys (有一次，我们收到一位女士的信息，感谢我们的应用程序。她分享说，因为有了Veyil，她的宝宝在公交车上也能睡得很好)”可知，一位女士感谢Veyil让她的宝宝在公交车旅程中能够睡得很好。由此可知，用户对Veyil感到满意。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“With plans to work with weather updates and further shade-tracking, the app serves as a shining example of how technology can bring comfort to life. (该应用计划结合天气更新和进一步的阴凉追踪功能，成为技术如何为生活带来舒适的一个典范。)”可知，文章通过Veyil这款应用的例子，展示了技术如何解决日常生活中的小问题，并为用户带来舒适和便利。由此可知，科技可以很好地服务于生活。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Now, what if you could predict which side of the bus would be shaded during your trip? Veyil may be a simple solution to the everyday problem. (现在，如果你能预测公交车的哪一面会在你的旅途中被遮蔽呢？Veyil可能是解决日常问题的简单方法。)”可知，文章介绍了一款通过GPS和实时数据分析帮助乘客选择公交车更凉爽和舒适座位的应用Veyil，展示了技术如何解决日常生活中的小问题，提升公共交通体验。因此，D项“乘客可以选择凉爽的座位吗？”点明了文章的主题，适合作为标题。故选D项。 Passage 6 TO GOOGLE is now in broad usage as a verb for getting information from the Internet. If the tech giant has its way, “I Googled” will become a standard reply to the question — “How did you get here?” On May 28th Google said it would build 100 autonomous (自动驾驶的) cars. It is the next stage in its obvious aim to be as common on the road as on computer screens. People have dreamed about driver-less motoring since at least the 1930s, but only in recent years have carmakers such as Mercedes-Benz and Volvo given the matter more thought, equipping test cars with the sensors and complicated software required to pass through busy roads. Google has made rapid progress by designing a driver-less car from the ground up. But bringing autonomous motoring to the world is proving harder than Google had imagined. It once promised it by 2017. Now it does not see production models coming out before 2020. The technology is far advanced, but it still needs to be made smaller and cheaper. Google’s current test cars are said to be filled with equipment worth $80,000. Google’s latest efforts may have as much to do with convincing the public and lawmakers as improving the technology. The firm stresses that computers are more likely than humans to avoid accidents. The cars will have a top speed of just 25mph and a front end made of soft foam (泡沫) to protect careless pedestrians. The benefits could indeed be huge. Driving time could be given over to working, sleeping or surfing the Internet. However, the issue of liability (问责) in the event of a driver-less car crashing has yet to be resolved. Turning cars into products may not be good news for traditional carmakers. But changing the concept of driving into service fits well with Google’s plans to become as big in hardware as in software. And unlike car firms. which talk vaguely of becoming “mobility providers”. Google has a lot of money to make this a reality and no worries about disturbing its current business. Google admits it still has “lots of work to do”. But I couldn’t agree more that one day Googling to the shops may be a common activity. 1．What’s Google’s next goal? A．To get driver-less cars on the road. B．To cut down the cost of making cars. C．To become a tech giant in computer. D．To beat Mercedes-Benz and Volvo. 2．What benefits do Google’s driver-less cars have? A．There’s no problem with who to blame (责备) for a crash. B．They can protect drivers from severe injury in the car crash. C．Most of the accidents can be avoided due to the autonomous cars. D．Drivers sometimes won’t be necessarily concentrated on the road. 3．What is the author’s attitude to the future of self-driving cars? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Disapproving. D．Sympathetic. 4．What might be the best title of the passage? A．Google — the tech giant. B．Google’s Cars Trade. C．Autonomous Vehicle Adventure. D．Google’s Driver-less Cars’ Journey. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了谷歌研发无人驾驶汽车的进展、面临的问题以及未来前景等。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“On May 28th Google said it would build 100 autonomous (自动驾驶的) cars. It is the next stage in its obvious aim to be as common on the road as on computer screens.(5月28日，Google 表示将建造100辆自动驾驶汽车。它的下一个明显目标是汽车在路上像在电脑屏幕上一样普遍)”可知，谷歌的下一个目标是让无人驾驶汽车上路，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Driving time could be given over to working, sleeping or surfing the Internet.(开车的时间可以用来工作、睡觉或上网)”可知，谷歌无人驾驶汽车的好处之一是司机有时不必全神贯注于道路，可将驾驶时间用来做其他事，故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But I couldn’t agree more that one day Googling to the shops may be a common activity.(但我完全同意，有一天从谷歌搜索到去商店可能是一个普遍的活动)”可知，作者对自动驾驶汽车的未来持积极态度，故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“On May 28th Google said it would build 100 autonomous (自动驾驶的) cars. It is the next stage in its obvious aim to be as common on the road as on computer screens.(5月28日，Google表示将建造100辆自动驾驶汽车。它的下一个明显目标是在路上像在电脑屏幕上一样普遍)”结合文章主要讲述了谷歌研发无人驾驶汽车的进展、面临的问题以及未来前景等，故最佳标题是“谷歌的无人驾驶汽车之旅”。故选D。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$