Unit 1 This is me讲义和练习 2025-2026学年外研版（2024）八年级英语上册

2025 秋外研英语八上讲义和练习 Unit 1 This is me 一、单元核心目标 1. 知识目标：掌握重点词汇和短语，如 birthmark、nervous、already 等；熟练运用现在完成时描述经历。 2. 能力目标：能够运用本单元词汇和句型谈论自己；学会用现在完成时表达个人成长经历；提升阅读理解和写作能力。 3. 情感目标：学会接纳自己的不同，树立自信，勇于挑战自我。 二、重点词汇与短语 1. 重点词汇 birthmark：胎记。如：Sally had a birthmark on her face.（萨莉脸上有一块胎记。） nervous：紧张的。常构成短语 be nervous about/of sth. 或 be nervous to do sth. 如：I'm nervous about the exam.（我对考试感到紧张。） already：已经，常用于现在完成时肯定句，置于助动词 have/has 之后，过去分词之前。如：I have already finished my homework.（我已经完成作业了。） yet：已经，还，常用于现在完成时否定句和疑问句，置于句末。如：He hasn't come yet.（他还没来。）Have you seen the movie yet?（你已经看过这部电影了吗？） 2. 重点短语 cover...with...：用…… 覆盖……。如：She covered her face with her hands.（她用手捂住脸。） look away：把目光移开。如：Don't look away when you talk to others.（和别人说话时别把目光移开。） make friends：交朋友。如：I want to make friends with him.（我想和他交朋友。） 第 1 页 共 7 页 2025 秋外研英语八上讲义和练习 be proud of：为…… 感到骄傲。如：We are proud of our country.（我们为我们的国家感到骄傲。） 三、语法聚焦：现在完成时（1） 1. 构成：have/has + 动词的过去分词。当主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it 等）时，用 has；其他人称用 have。 2. 用法 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例如：I have lost my key.（我把钥匙丢了。结果是现在找不到钥匙了。） 表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态，常与 for 或 since 引导的时间状语连用。for 后接时间段，since 后接时间点或一般过去时的句子。例如：I have lived here for five years（. 我在这儿住了五年了。）I have lived here since 2018（. 我从 2018 年 起就住在这儿。） 3. 标志词：already、yet、ever、never、just、before 等。already 常用于肯定句，yet 用于否定句和疑问句，ever 用于疑问句，never 用于否定句，just 表示 “刚刚” 。例如： Have you ever been to Beijing?（ 你曾经去过北京吗？） I have never eaten such delicious food.（我从未吃过这么美味的食物。） 四、课文解读 A red, red rose 1. 文章大意：本文讲述了萨莉因脸上的胎记而感到自卑，总是用长发遮住它。新同学玛迪的出现改变了她的看法，玛迪认为萨莉的胎记像一朵红玫瑰，很美丽，这让萨莉开始接纳自己的不同。 2. 重点句子解析 第 2 页 共 7 页 2025 秋外研英语八上讲义和练习 “I suppose everyone has something they don't like about themselves.”：suppose表示 “认为，猜想” ，后接宾语从句。在这个从句中，they don't like about themselves是定语从句，修饰先行词 something。 “With so many people around me, my birthmark burned red hot.”：with so many people around me 是 with 复合结构，表示伴随情况，意为 “有这么多人在我周围” 。 “Although I only replied 'thank you', it turned sunny in my heart.”：although 引导让步状语从句，不能与 but 同时使用。it turned sunny in my heart 运用了比喻的修辞手法，形象地表达出萨莉内心的变化。 I'm possible 1. 文章大意：通过讲述苏炳添的故事，告诉我们只要勇于尝试、坚持努力，就能克服困难 取得成功。苏炳添为了突破 10 秒大关，克服了年龄、外界质疑等困难，最终创造了历史。 2. 重点句子解析 “Nothing is impossible, the word itself says 'I'm possible.'”：这句话强调了只要有信念，没有什么是不可能的。 “However, Su wasn't satisfied. To run in under 10 seconds, in 2014, he changed his starting leg.”：To run in under 10 seconds 是动词不定式作目的状语，表示苏炳添改变起跑腿的目的。 “Su Bingtian has told youngsters, 'Never let your age hold you back. Have a try and try harder.'”：hold back 意为 “阻碍” 。这是苏炳添给年轻人的建议，鼓励大家不要被年龄限制，要勇于尝试。 五、阅读技巧：如何概括文章主旨 第 3 页 共 7 页 2025 秋外研英语八上讲义和练习 1. 关注文章首尾段和每段的主题句：很多文章的开头会点明主题，结尾会总结升华主题。每段的主题句通常在段首或段尾，抓住这些关键语句有助于概括文章主旨。例如，在 “A red, red rose” 中，结尾段 “I have already learnt that I am what I am. Everyone has something special and different - that is what's interesting.” 就点明了文章的主旨：接纳自己的不同，因为每个人都是独特的。 2. 梳理文章结构和主要内容：分析文章是如何展开叙述的，讲述了哪些主要事件，这些事件之间有什么联系。例如，“I'm possible” 按照时间顺序讲述了苏炳添的运动生涯，从开始训练到不断突破，通过这些内容可以总结出文章主旨：鼓励人们勇于挑战自我，坚持不懈就能成功。 六、写作指导 1. 写作任务：写一篇关于自己的演讲，分享自己的变化和成长经历。 2. 写作思路 开头：简要介绍演讲的目的，如 “My understanding of myself has changed a lot, and I'd like to share with you my true self.” 中间：描述自己的外貌、性格、能力、喜好等方面，可以结合具体事例，运用 “I used to..., but now I can...” 等句型体现变化，如 “I used to be shy, but now I can speak in front of many people bravely.” 结尾：总结自己的成长感悟，如 “I have learnt that I am what I am. Understanding myself means I can face challenges more bravely.” 3. 写作注意事项：运用本单元所学词汇和句型，注意语法正确，语句通顺；合理分段，使文章结构清晰。 七、单元测试题（部分示例） （一）单项选择 1. Have you been to Beijing? 第 4 页 共 7 页 2025 秋外研英语八上讲义和练习 Yes, I have. I went there last year. A. ever B. never C. already D. yet 2. She a lot since she came to this school. A. changes B. changed C. has changed D. is changing 3. I'm not happy with my . I want to change my hairstyle. A. look B. looks C. looking D. looked （二）完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I used to be a very shy girl. I was afraid to talk to 1 . I always lowered my head when I met someone new. But one day, a new classmate named Lily 2 me. She was very outgoing and friendly. She always talked to me and encouraged me to join in activities. 3 her help, I became more confident and made more friends. 1. A. strangers B. friends C. teachers D. classmates 2. A. changed B. helped C. taught D. left 3. A. Under B. With C. Without D. For （三）阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Once upon a time, there was a young man named Tom. He was very lazy and didn't like to work hard. One day, he met an old man on the street. The old man gave him a magic seed and said, “Plant this seed, and it will bring you good luck.” Tom was very excited. He planted the seed in his garden and waited for it to grow. But days passed, and the seed didn't grow at all. Tom was very disappointed. He thought the old man had cheated him. So he dug up the seed and threw it away. A few days later, Tom saw his neighbor's garden. There was a beautiful plant growing in it. His neighbor told him that it was the seed he had thrown away. The neighbor worked hard 第 5 页 共 7 页 2025 秋外研英语八上讲义和练习 to take care of it, and now it had grown into a beautiful plant with many fruits. Tom realized that he was wrong. He learned that only by working hard can he achieve his dreams. 1. What was Tom like at first? A. Hard - working. B. Lazy. C. Honest. D. Friendly. 2. Why did Tom throw away the seed? A. Because he didn't like it. B. Because it grew too slowly. C. Because he thought the old man cheated him. D. Because he wanted to plant another seed. （四）书面表达 1. 请根据本单元所学内容，以 “My Changes” 为题，写一篇短文，介绍自己的变化。内容包括：过去的你是什么样的；现在的你有哪些变化；你从这些变化中学到了什么。 要求： 2. 语言表达准确，短文连贯通顺； 3. 80 - 120 词左右； 4. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。 八、答案与解析 （一）单项选择 1. 答案：A。ever 用于现在完成时的疑问句中，表示 “曾经” ；never 表示 “从不” ；already用于肯定句；yet 用于否定句和疑问句，常位于句末。根据语境，这里问 “你曾经去过北京吗” ，所以选 A。 2. 答案：C。since 引导的时间状语从句，主句通常用现在完成时，表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。所以选 C。 第 6 页 共 7 页 2025 秋外研英语八上讲义和练习 3. 答案：B。looks 在这里表示 “外貌” ，是名词复数形式。“my looks” 表示 “我的外貌” ，所以选 B。 （二）完形填空 1. 答案：A。根据前文 “I used to be a very shy girl.” 可知，害羞的人害怕和陌生人说话， strangers 意为 “陌生人” ，所以选 A。 2. 答案：A。从后文 “I became more confident and made more friends.” 可知，莉莉改变了 “我” ，changed 意为 “改变” ，所以选 A。 3. 答案：B。with one's help 是固定短语，意为 “在某人的帮助下” ，所以选 B。 （三）阅读理解 1. 答案：B。从文中 “He was very lazy and didn't like to work hard.” 可知，汤姆一开始很懒，所以选 B。 2. 答案：C。文中提到 “He thought the old man had cheated him. So he dug up the seed and threw it away.” ，所以汤姆扔掉种子是因为他认为老人骗了他，选 C。 （四）书面表达（One possible version） My Changes I used to be a very shy girl. I was afraid to speak in front of others and always kept silent in class. I didn't have many friends because I was too nervous to talk to new people. However, everything changed when I met my new teacher, Miss Liu. She encouraged me to answer questions in class and praised me when I did well. With her help, I became more confident. Now, I can speak loudly in front of the class and I'm not afraid of making mistakes. I've also made a lot of friends. We often play and study together. From these changes, I've learned that we should be brave enough to face our fears. And with the help of others, we can become better. I'm really grateful to Miss Liu for changing me. 第 7 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$