期中考前语法填空过关18篇（Unit 1-Unit 3）-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材外研版）

2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材外研版） 期中考前语法填空过关18篇(Unit 1-Unit 3) 期中真题+名校模拟 Unit 1：悦纳（挑战）自我 01 I was shy and always didn’t know how to start a talk with others. Once I was asked to be a volunteer to join a group and prepare for 1 activity. Some volunteers were busy collecting materials. Wanting to join 2 (they), I worked up my courage and came up to them. Then I asked 3 I could do for them. However, one of the volunteers who seemed a little busy said, “No, thank you.” Realizing I was refused, I 4 (stand) there with great embarrassment. Then I walked away with my head down. When I went to them the 5 (two) time, a volunteer saw me. He told me that there was some work to do, so they needed my help. While I was working, the volunteer introduced his classmates 6 me. With his warm help, I felt less nervous, and started talking with them 7 (comfortable). Since then, I 8 (become) more outgoing. I like joining in 9 (activity) and making friends. I am 10 (thank) to the volunteer. What a nice person he is! 02 What is confidence? Confidence means feeling sure of yourself and your ability (能力). Everyone can work to become confident. Here is some 1 (advice). ▲ Build a confident mindset (心态). Always say to 2 (you) “I know I can learn or do this if I put my mind to it,” instead 3 “I can’t.”. ▲ Take a safe risk.   Volunteer to help with a project or take part in 4 talent show. Raise your hand in class more often. Try doing something that’s just beyond your normal comfort zone (舒适区). Pick something you’d like to do if only you had more confidence. Give yourself a little push to do it. The confidence 5 (true) grows with every step forward. ▲ Know your talents and help them shine. Parents and teachers often teach us 6 (work) hard to improve our weaknesses. 7 that’s important, don’t let working on a weakness stop you from 8 (get) even better. Because you 9 (be) good at something already.   Confidence plays a big role in your 10 (succeed) in life. Why not follow the advice and take action now? 03 Audrey Hepburn once said, “Nothing is impossible; the word 1 (it) says ‘I’m possible’.” To me, no one proves this 2 (well) than Su Bingtian, China’s famous runner. Su began his sporting life in 2006. At that time, no Asian runner had ever run the 100 m race in less than 10 seconds. Su 3 (train) hard and soon became one of the fastest runners in Asia. However, he was not 4 (satisfy) with his results for long. In 2014, he made a very 5 (risk) decision: to change his starting leg. At that time, he was 25 years old. Many people thought it was too late 6 (make) such a change and doubted his decision. He had to start from zero and was even slower than before at first. But Su did not give up. He fought his fear and kept 7 (practice). Finally, his hard work paid 8 . In 2015, he made history by running the 100 metres in 9.99 seconds. Then, at the 2021 Tokyo Olympics, he finished in 9.83 seconds! He became the 9 (one) Chinese athlete to run in the Olympic 100 m final. Su Bingtian has told young people, “Never let your age hold you back.” His story shows us that nothing is impossible as long as we try and stick 10 our dreams. He is a shining star in my eyes. His success inspires me to work hard for my own future. 04 Lisa was a shy girl. Few classmates seemed 1 (notice) her. She kept silent in most group activities. She wanted to join the school speech club. Every time she got a chance, she was afraid of 2 (speak) in front of crowds. She never got the 3 (courage) to sign her name. One day, her teacher Ms Wang gave her some advice. Lisa knew speaking was hard for her, 4 she didn’t realize she was good 5 writing. Ms Wang 6 (encourage) her to write speech articles for the club. At the 7 (begin), Lisa was afraid. She worried 8 she would fail. But she decided to have a try. Later one of her articles won the 9 (two) prize. Lisa was 10 (pride) of herself. She learned: we all have our own shining sides. 05 Many people worry about their looks, but I don’t think they need to. Let me share the story of Jordan Reeves. Jordan is a young American girl. She was born   1 half a left arm, but her mother Jen always said Jordan was “born just right”. Jordan did 2 (thing) her own way. She loved to play, dance, and explore, always finding fun in every activity. However, sometimes Jordan felt 3 (comfortable). When she met someone new, she would hide her left arm behind her back. She worried about what they would do. Would they stare? Get   4 (scare)? Say something bad? One day, Jordan went to an 5 (excite) workshop with other children like her. They talked about prosthetics — special arms or legs that help people. The question of the day was, “If you could make anything instead 6 an arm, what would you make?” “Why do I need a common arm,” she wondered, “when I could have something cooler, like … a unicorn horn that shoots glitter?” Jordan’s new “arm” was shiny and interesting. Jordan 7 (believe) that other children should see their differences as special and use them to be 8 (create). Jen knew that Jordan had a fantastic idea. Together, they started a project called Design With Us. They wanted to teach children like Jordan about design 9 fun projects to help them think of cool ideas and bring them to life! Although people still stare at Jordan’s arm sometimes, she doesn’t hide it any more. She’s 10 (pride) to be different. She always tells other children like her, “Your differences are amazing. You never know what amazing things you can do with them.” 06 On the stage of America’s Got Talent, 11-year-old Tyler Butler-Figueroa plays the violin well. Also, he touches many 1 (people) hearts with his story. Tyler comes from North Carolina. When he was four years old, he had 2 health problem and started to lose hair. He felt sad to go to school. The feeling got even 3 (bad) when his classmates laughed at his looks. And they stayed away from him. One day, Tyler saw a flyer (小传单) at school for free after-school violin lessons. 4 he knew he had no talent for music, he decided to learn to play the violin for fun. “I practised in 5 (I) room every day. The more I did it, the better I got,” he said. “When I played the violin, it 6 (help) me forget those bad things. “Tyler’s mother said the violin made him happy again and she felt like she had her son back. Tyler was strong 7 didn’t let those bad things break him. He’s 8 (real) a brave boy. He’s going to write a book. It’s 9 his journey with his health problem and the violin. He wants 10 (tell) other kids like him to be strong and love life. Unit 2：人际交往 07 I 1 (have) a best friend named Amy for three years. We 2 (get) on well with each other all the time. Last month, I had a small fight 3 her. She forgot 4 (return) my notebook. I was angry and 5 (not talk) to her for three days. Later, I thought 6 (careful). It was not a big problem. Good friendship needs patience. Yesterday, I said sorry to her 7 (active). She told me she was busy 8 her schoolwork those days. We forgave each other. Now our friendship is much 9 (strong) than before. I learn that we should be tolerant 10 our friends. 08 Mr. Smith worked in a company. He lived on the 1 (four) floor of an apartment (公寓). He had lived here for many years. He was so impolite (没有礼貌的) to his 2 (neighbour) that no one even knew his first name. He never said hello to anyone. He even got angry when his next-door neighbour, Mary and David, had a baby. Instead of saying congratulations (祝贺), he loudly shouted 3 them, “How boring it was! Your baby cried all night!” Mr. Smith thought that Mary and David would have 4   argument with him, but they didn’t. One day before he left his home, he saw that his rubbish (垃圾) wasn’t there. In its place, he found a note from David, “Good morning, Mr. Smith. I 5 (pass) by your door and saw your rubbish here. I picked it up for you. Have a nice day.” Mr. Smith didn’t want to accept David’s 6 (kind). But a few days later, outside his door Mr. Smith found another note that said, “We’re 7 (deep) sorry for being noisy (吵闹的) last night. Our baby son didn’t feel well, 8 he cried a lot.” That afternoon, when he returned from work, he said hello to his next-door neighbour and thanked 9 (they) for their notes. From then on, he treated everyone with friendliness everywhere he went. We live in a world full of many different kinds of people. The most important thing is to learn how to get along well with others. It’s good to see how kindness 10 (encourage) more kindness. 09 Friendship is very important in our lives. Everyone needs friends. But how can we get 1 well with our friends? First, we should be honest. A good friend never 2 (tell) lies. If you are honest, your friends will 3 (believe) you. Second, we should learn to listen. When your friend is talking, listen to him or her 4 (careful). Don’t interrupt him or her. This shows that you respect 5 (he) or her. Third, we should help each other. When your friend is in trouble, give him or her 6 hand. A true friend always 7 (care) about others. Fourth, we should learn to say sorry. We all make 8 (mistake). If you do something wrong, say sorry in time. A simple “I’m sorry” can make your friendship 9 (strong) than before. In a word, if we treat our friends 10 (good), our friendship will last long. 10 Jamie and Jackie are brothers. They live on neighbouring farms 1 (happy). However, one day, they had a misunderstanding (误会) and 2 (argue) with each other. Neither of them 3 (talk) to each other any more. One morning, somebody knocked on the elder brother Jamie’s door. Jamie saw 4 man with a toolbox. The man said, “Sir, I’m looking for some work. I wonder if you could give some work.” Jamie thought for a while and said, “Yes. Look at the farm across from the canal (灌溉渠). My brother Jackie 5 (live) there. Last week, he dug that canal. Now, I want 6 (build) a fence (围栏) so that I won’t see him again.’’ The man smiled and said, “OK. I will try my best to do that job.’’ Then, Jamie went to town. At sunset, the man finished his job. When Jamie returned, instead of a fence, he was 7 (surprise) to see a beautiful bridge over the canal. Then, his brother walked towards him and said, “After what I have said and done, you still build this bridge! I’m really sorry, Jamie.” Jamie hugged his brother. The man soon came to say goodbye to Jamie. Jamie said at once, “No, please stay! I’ve got a lot of other work for you.’’ The man replied 8 a smile, “I’d love to, 9 I have many more ‘bridges’ to build. Sorry.” Sometimes, we fight over small things and they become big 10 (problem) over time. Instead of creating conflicts (冲突), we should try to solve them. 11 Once upon a time, there were two neighbors. They often argued over small things. One day, they had a big fight over a tree that stood 1 (exact) on the boundary of their yards. Both of them wanted the tree for 2 (they) own use. An old man in the village saw this and decided 3 (help) them. He told them a story about the Liuchi Lane. He said, “Do you know the famous ‘Six-Chi Lane’? It 4 (build) during the Qing Dynasty. Two families both stepped back and 5 (create) a lane between their houses. They lived in peace from then on.” The two neighbors were 6 (deep) moved by the story. They felt 7 (shame) of their behavior. They decided 8 (stop) arguing and share the tree instead. From that day on, they became good friends. The old man was very happy to see this. He said, “This is the power of kindness. When we are 9 (will) to give up something small, we can gain something much 10 (great) in return.” 12 Have you ever had a problem with a friend? I have. Last term, my best friend Li Ming 1 (join) the school basketball team. He spent most of his free time 2 (practice) with his teammates. I felt lonely and 3 (certain) about our friendship. One day, I decided to talk to him. “Li Ming, I feel like we don’t spend much time together anymore,” I said. He looked 4 (surprise). “I’m sorry,” he replied. “I didn’t realize you felt that way. I was just trying 5 (make) new friends.” I was afraid that he might not want to be my friend anymore. But he said, “You’re my best friend. Nothing can change that.” His words made me feel much 6 (good). From this experience, I learned an important lesson. It is difficult for people 7 (talk) about their feelings. But you 8 (should) hide your feelings to please others. True friends will respect your 9 (feel). Whenever you face a problem in a friendship, remember that communication is the key. A problem 10 (share) is a problem halved. Unit 3：发明创造 13 Curiosity plays 1 important role in invention. Many great ideas come from people 2 are full of curiosity. When we meet something strange, we should ask 3 (we) more questions. Don’t be afraid 4 failure. Every time you fail, you can learn something new. Some inventions are made by accident. But you still need careful thinking 5 (turn) accidents into useful things. Easton’s story 6 (show) us that young people can also make a difference. He didn’t want 7 (make) money. Instead, he shared his design online for free so 8 more kids could get cheap artificial arms. We should keep curious and keep 9 (try). Never give up 10 we meet difficulties. 14 Everyone has a dream. My dream is 1 (be) a scientist. I want to invent new things 2 (help) people live a better life. To make my dream come true, I have made a plan. First, I will study hard at school. I am good 3 maths and science. I will read more books about science. Second, I will take part 4 different science activities. I will join the Science Club 5 learn more from my teachers and classmates. Third, I will never give 6 when I meet difficulties. I know the road to success is not easy, 7 I will keep trying. My parents are very 8 (proud) of me. They often encourage 9 (I) to work hard. I believe my dream 10 (come) true one day if I keep working hard. 15 Jenny, a girl born without an arm, once used a simple 1 (art) arm that cost $80,000. It was heavy and uncomfortable, and it often needed replacing (更换) as she grew. But Easton LaChappelle’s 2 (invent) would change her life completely. With Easton’s 3D-printed robotic arm, Jenny could do many things that she couldn’t before. First, the arm was much 3 (light)—only 0.5 kilograms—so she wouldn’t feel tired wearing it all day. 4 (two), it could respond (作出反应) to brain signals. This would allow her to move it naturally, just like a real arm. She could 5 (hold) a pencil, lift a cup, or even play games 6 (easy). Best of all, the new arm cost around $500, much cheaper than her old one. Since the design is free online, Jenny’s family can print a new one whenever she 7 (need) it. Jenny would also feel happier and more 8 (confidence). With a functional (实用的) and lightweight arm, she could do everyday tasks without help. She might even join sports or art classes, and discover talents she never knew she had. Easton’s invention would give Jenny not only a better artificial arm but also hope for a brighter future. Thanks to his 9 (kind) and hard work, children like Jenny could enjoy easier and more independent (自立的) lives. What 10 wonderful thing! 16 Water pollution is a serious problem around the world. A doctor, called Jack Todd, is very interested in 1 (clean) water. He has tried many ways, and 2 the end he developed a small and inexpensive system (系统) to clear waste water—the Living Machine. The machine can clean waste water in 3 (we) home and business. The machine cleans waste water. First, the waste water goes into 4 big plastic tank (水箱). In the tank, the wastes start to break down. 5 (two), a few days later, the machine brings the water into a greenhouse full of fish and plants. With the help of sunlight, plants and animals, the machine takes out many 6 (chemical) from the water. That 7 (make) the water cleaner. Then the machine can use the water for washing or bathing. It can’t be used to drink or cook, 8 the water is clean enough to water the flowers, wash the dog, and have a bath. This technology is good for the environment. It can also help to save fresh water and it can help provide the unpolluted water. If we take action 9 (do) something to save energy on the Earth, our planet will have a longer life and our life will be 10 (good). 17 Chopsticks are useful tools to have meals in China. They 1 (invent) before the Shang Dynasty. The earliest chopsticks 2 (make) of bronze. People used them 3 (pick) up food at that time. Most people believe that Chinese invented chopsticks. There are many stories about the inventor of chopsticks. Someone says that Jiang Ziya created chopsticks. 4 (actual), no one knows for sure. Chopsticks are usually 5 the shape of a square top and a round bottom. Chinese believe that the Earth is square and the sky is round. This 6 (show) respect for nature. Many people think it’s difficult to use chopsticks. In fact, it’s not. Hold them between the thumb and other fingers. The key is 7 (hold) one piece tight and move the other to control movement and force. Chopsticks are also an important part of Chinese culture. In China, it is nice 8 (pick) up food for the old by using chopsticks. But it’s impolite to point at others with them. And never make your chopsticks 9 (stand) straight in a rice bowl. Learning to use chopsticks means 10 (learn) about Chinese culture. 18 In the past ten years, great progress has been made in technology. It seems like everything has been reinvented (改造) and greatly improved. However, here is one thing unlike them. It was invented over 100 years ago 1 remained unchanged until now. I’m talking about the blind walking stick. The white stick has been used by many blind people for 2 long time. However, it has seen no real improvement until a blind engineer named Kursat decided to make a 3 (different). He invented a smart stick called WeWalk. He hoped his 4 (invent) would help the blind. The smart stick uses built-in speakers and different sensors (传感器) 5 (warn) about possible dangers. It helps blind people in navigating (导航) around their environment using modern technology, which makes their travel much 6 (easy). The price of the stick is around 800 dollars. Most people can afford it. This invention is going to change life a lot for the blind. Kursat understands the difficulties and challenges that the blind face well. That’s because he is blind 7 (he). He decided to put his technical knowledge into inventing something that would not only change his life, but also the life of many others. “These days, we are talking about flying cars. But the blind have been using just a simple stick. 8 a blind person, when I am at the metro station, I 9 (know) which is my exit, which bus is coming or which stores are around me. Now, that kind of information can be provided by the WeWalk,” he said. “I believe the life of the blind 10 (be) much easier and safer.” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材外研版） 期中考前语法填空过关18篇(Unit 1-Unit 3) 期中真题+名校模拟 Unit 1：悦纳（挑战）自我 01 I was shy and always didn’t know how to start a talk with others. Once I was asked to be a volunteer to join a group and prepare for 1 activity. Some volunteers were busy collecting materials. Wanting to join 2 (they), I worked up my courage and came up to them. Then I asked 3 I could do for them. However, one of the volunteers who seemed a little busy said, “No, thank you.” Realizing I was refused, I 4 (stand) there with great embarrassment. Then I walked away with my head down. When I went to them the 5 (two) time, a volunteer saw me. He told me that there was some work to do, so they needed my help. While I was working, the volunteer introduced his classmates 6 me. With his warm help, I felt less nervous, and started talking with them 7 (comfortable). Since then, I 8 (become) more outgoing. I like joining in 9 (activity) and making friends. I am 10 (thank) to the volunteer. What a nice person he is! 【答案】 1．an 2．them 3．what 4．stood 5．second 6．to 7．comfortably 8．have become 9．activities 10．thankful 【导语】本文是记叙文，介绍了害羞的“我”做志愿者遭拒绝后得到他人帮助，从此变得外向开朗，心怀感恩。 【详解】 1．句意：有一次，我受邀成为一名志愿者加入一个小组，为一项活动做准备。此处泛指“一项活动”，activity以元音音素开头，填不定冠词an。 2．句意：我想要加入他们，于是鼓起勇气走到他们面前。动词join后接人称代词宾格，填them。 3．句意：然后我询问我可以为他们做些什么。此处表示询问自己能为他们做什么，用what引导宾语从句。 4．句意：意识到我遭到拒绝，我十分尴尬地站在那里。全文描述过去的经历，用一般过去时，stand的过去式是stood。 5．句意：当我第二次走向他们的时候，一名志愿者看见了我。表示“第二次”，用序数词second。 6．句意：在我干活的时候，这位志愿者把他的同学们介绍给我。固定搭配introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给某人”。 7．句意：在他热心的帮助下，我没那么紧张，开始自在地和他们交谈。修饰动词talking，需用副词形式comfortably。 8．句意：从那以后，我变得更加外向。由Since then（从那以后）可知句子用现在完成时，填have become。 9．句意：我喜欢参加各类活动并且结交朋友。此处表示泛指各类活动，用可数名词复数activities。 10．句意：我十分感激这位志愿者。固定搭配be thankful to sb. 意为“感激某人”，填形容词thankful。 02 What is confidence? Confidence means feeling sure of yourself and your ability (能力). Everyone can work to become confident. Here is some 1 (advice). ▲ Build a confident mindset (心态). Always say to 2 (you) “I know I can learn or do this if I put my mind to it,” instead 3 “I can’t.”. ▲ Take a safe risk.   Volunteer to help with a project or take part in 4 talent show. Raise your hand in class more often. Try doing something that’s just beyond your normal comfort zone (舒适区). Pick something you’d like to do if only you had more confidence. Give yourself a little push to do it. The confidence 5 (true) grows with every step forward. ▲ Know your talents and help them shine. Parents and teachers often teach us 6 (work) hard to improve our weaknesses. 7 that’s important, don’t let working on a weakness stop you from 8 (get) even better. Because you 9 (be) good at something already.   Confidence plays a big role in your 10 (succeed) in life. Why not follow the advice and take action now? 【答案】 1．advice 2．yourself 3．of 4．a 5．truly 6．to work 7．Although/Though 8．getting 9．have been 10．success 【导语】本文主要介绍了建立自信的方法，包括建立自信的心态、承担安全的风险以及认识并发挥自己的才能。 【详解】 1．句意：这里有一些建议。“some”修饰不可数名词，可知此处应填入advice。 2．句意：总是对自己说“我知道只要我下定决心就能学会或做到”，而不是说“我不能”。此处表示“对自己说”，应用反身代词yourself。 3．句意：总是对自己说“我知道只要我下定决心就能学会或做到”，而不是说“我不能”。固定搭配“instead of”，此处表示“而不是”。 4．句意：自愿帮助一个项目或参加一个才艺表演。此处表示“参加一个才艺表演”，talent以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 5．句意：每向前一步，真正的自信就会增长。此处修饰动词“grows”，应用副词truly。 6．句意：父母和老师经常教我们努力工作来改善我们的弱点。固定短语“teach sb. to do sth.”结构，应用动词不定式to work。 7．句意：虽然那很重要，但不要让改善弱点阻止你变得更好。此处表示让步关系，应用连词Although或Though，位于句首时首字母大写。 8．句意：虽然那很重要，但不要让改善弱点阻止你变得更好。固定短语“stop sb. from doing sth.”结构，应用动名词getting。 9．句意：因为你已经擅长某件事了。主语为“you”，且时间状语“already”提示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，因此应填have been。 10．句意：自信在你人生的成功中扮演着重要角色。此处作介词“in”的宾语，且被“your”修饰，应用名词success。 03 Audrey Hepburn once said, “Nothing is impossible; the word 1 (it) says ‘I’m possible’.” To me, no one proves this 2 (well) than Su Bingtian, China’s famous runner. Su began his sporting life in 2006. At that time, no Asian runner had ever run the 100 m race in less than 10 seconds. Su 3 (train) hard and soon became one of the fastest runners in Asia. However, he was not 4 (satisfy) with his results for long. In 2014, he made a very 5 (risk) decision: to change his starting leg. At that time, he was 25 years old. Many people thought it was too late 6 (make) such a change and doubted his decision. He had to start from zero and was even slower than before at first. But Su did not give up. He fought his fear and kept 7 (practice). Finally, his hard work paid 8 . In 2015, he made history by running the 100 metres in 9.99 seconds. Then, at the 2021 Tokyo Olympics, he finished in 9.83 seconds! He became the 9 (one) Chinese athlete to run in the Olympic 100 m final. Su Bingtian has told young people, “Never let your age hold you back.” His story shows us that nothing is impossible as long as we try and stick 10 our dreams. He is a shining star in my eyes. His success inspires me to work hard for my own future. 【答案】 1．itself 2．better 3．trained 4．satisfied 5．risky 6．to make 7．practicing 8．off 9．first 10．to 【导语】本文通过讲述苏炳添不断拼搏突破自我的故事，告诉我们只要坚持努力，一切皆有可能。 【详解】 1．句意：没有什么是不可能的，这个单词本身就写着“我是可能的”。这里需要反身代词，用来指代前面的the word，强调“单词本身”。 2．句意：对我来说，没有人比中国著名短跑运动员苏炳添更好地证明这一点。句中出现比较级标志词than，副词well要变为对应的比较级better，表示“更好地”。 3．句意：苏刻苦训练，很快成为亚洲跑得最快的运动员之一。文章讲述苏炳添过去的经历，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词train要变为过去式trained。 4．句意：然而，很长一段时间他对自己的成绩并不满意。固定搭配be satisfied with，意为“对……感到满意”，be动词后要用形容词作表语，satisfy转化为形容词satisfied。 5．句意：2014年，他做了一个十分冒险的决定：更换起跑腿。名词decision前面需要形容词来修饰，名词risk变为形容词risky，含义为“冒险的”。 6．很多人认为做这样的改变为时已晚。 本句使用固定句型it was too+形容词 +to do sth.，表示“做某事太……”，too后面接形容词，to后接动词原形。 7．句意：但是苏没有放弃，他战胜恐惧，坚持练习。固定搭配keep doing sth.，表示“坚持持续做某事”，后面动词要使用动名词形式，practice变为practicing。 8．句意：最终，他的努力得到了回报。固定短语pay off，意为“取得回报，获得成功”，属于固定介词搭配。 9．句意：他成为第一位进入奥运会百米决赛的中国运动员。定冠词the后面需要使用序数词，基数词one转化为序数词first，表示“第一个”。 10．句意：他的故事告诉我们，只要我们努力并且坚持我们的梦想，没有什么是不可能的。固定搭配stick to，意为“坚持”，to为介词。 04 Lisa was a shy girl. Few classmates seemed 1 (notice) her. She kept silent in most group activities. She wanted to join the school speech club. Every time she got a chance, she was afraid of 2 (speak) in front of crowds. She never got the 3 (courage) to sign her name. One day, her teacher Ms Wang gave her some advice. Lisa knew speaking was hard for her, 4 she didn’t realize she was good 5 writing. Ms Wang 6 (encourage) her to write speech articles for the club. At the 7 (begin), Lisa was afraid. She worried 8 she would fail. But she decided to have a try. Later one of her articles won the 9 (two) prize. Lisa was 10 (pride) of herself. She learned: we all have our own shining sides. 【答案】 1．to notice 2．speaking 3．courage 4．but 5．at 6．encouraged 7．beginning 8．that 9．second 10．proud 【导语】本文讲述害羞的丽莎不敢当众演讲，但在老师鼓励下尝试为演讲俱乐部写稿并获奖，最终认识到每个人都有闪光点。 【详解】 1．句意：几乎没有同学似乎注意到她。根据“seem to do sth.”的固定搭配，seem后需接动词不定式，故填to notice，意为“注意到”。 2．句意：每次她有机会，她都害怕在人群面前讲话。根据“be afraid of doing sth.”的固定搭配，of后需接动名词，故填speaking，意为“讲话”。 3．句意：她从未获得勇气签下自己的名字。根据“the courage to do sth.”结构，courage后接不定式表示“做某事的勇气”，故填courage，意为“勇气”。 4．句意：丽莎知道演讲对她很难，但她没有意识到她擅长写作。根据前后分句“speaking was hard for her”与“she didn’t realize...”之间的转折关系，需用连词but，意为“但是”。 5．句意：丽莎知道演讲对她很难，但她没有意识到她擅长写作。根据“be good at doing sth.”的固定搭配，at后接动名词“writing”，故填at，意为“在……方面”。 6．句意：王老师鼓励她为俱乐部写演讲稿。根据上下文时态为一般过去时，encourage需用过去式encouraged，意为“鼓励”。 7．句意：起初，丽莎很害怕。根据固定短语“at the beginning”，此处需填名词beginning，意为“开始，起初”。 8．句意：她担心自己会失败。“worry”后需要接宾语从句，用that引导，无实义，起连接作用。 9．句意：后来她的一篇文章获得了二等奖。根据序数词作定语的用法，two的序数词为second，意为“第二”。 10．句意：丽莎为自己感到骄傲。根据固定搭配“be proud of”，表示“为……骄傲”，pride需变为形容词proud，意为“骄傲的”。 05 Many people worry about their looks, but I don’t think they need to. Let me share the story of Jordan Reeves. Jordan is a young American girl. She was born   1 half a left arm, but her mother Jen always said Jordan was “born just right”. Jordan did 2 (thing) her own way. She loved to play, dance, and explore, always finding fun in every activity. However, sometimes Jordan felt 3 (comfortable). When she met someone new, she would hide her left arm behind her back. She worried about what they would do. Would they stare? Get   4 (scare)? Say something bad? One day, Jordan went to an 5 (excite) workshop with other children like her. They talked about prosthetics — special arms or legs that help people. The question of the day was, “If you could make anything instead 6 an arm, what would you make?” “Why do I need a common arm,” she wondered, “when I could have something cooler, like … a unicorn horn that shoots glitter?” Jordan’s new “arm” was shiny and interesting. Jordan 7 (believe) that other children should see their differences as special and use them to be 8 (create). Jen knew that Jordan had a fantastic idea. Together, they started a project called Design With Us. They wanted to teach children like Jordan about design 9 fun projects to help them think of cool ideas and bring them to life! Although people still stare at Jordan’s arm sometimes, she doesn’t hide it any more. She’s 10 (pride) to be different. She always tells other children like her, “Your differences are amazing. You never know what amazing things you can do with them.” 【答案】 1．with 2．things 3．uncomfortable 4．scared 5．exciting 6．of 7．believed 8．creative 9．and 10．proud 【导语】本文讲述美国女孩Jordan Reeves天生缺少部分左臂，从自卑隐藏残肢，到参加工坊后接纳自身不同，发起项目鼓励和她一样的孩子，告诉大家与众不同也很了不起。 【详解】 1．句意：她天生只有半个左臂，但她的妈妈Jen总是说Jordan“生来就刚刚好”。固定搭配“be born with”，表示“天生具有（某种特征）”，填with。 2．句意：Jordan以自己的方式做事。thing是可数名词，此处表泛指，要用复数形式things。 3．句意：然而，有时候Jordan觉得不舒服。后文她藏起手臂，表明是感觉不自在。comfortable的反义词uncomfortable意为“不舒服的”，作表语，用uncomfortable。 4．句意：他们会盯着看吗？会感到害怕吗？get为系动词，后接形容词作表语，修饰人用scared，表示“感到害怕的”，用scared。 5．句意：有一天，Jordan和其他像她一样的孩子参加了一场令人兴奋的研讨会。此空修饰名词 workshop，是事物，要用exciting，表示“令人兴奋的”。 6．句意：当天的问题是：“如果你可以制作任何东西来代替手臂，你会制作什么？” 固定短语“instead of”，表示“代替；而不是”，用of。 7．句意：Jordan相信其他孩子应当把自身的不同看作特别之处。全文故事为过去时态，此处应使用过去式believed。 8．句意：利用这些不同来变得有创造力。be动词后面接形容词作表语，create的形容词形式creative，表示“有创造力的”，用creative。 9．句意：他们想要教像Jordan一样的孩子关于设计和有趣的项目。design和fun projects是并列名词短语，用并列连词and连接。 10．句意：她为自己的与众不同感到自豪。固定搭配“be proud to do”，pride是名词，形容词形式 proud表示“自豪的”，作表语，用proud。 06 On the stage of America’s Got Talent, 11-year-old Tyler Butler-Figueroa plays the violin well. Also, he touches many 1 (people) hearts with his story. Tyler comes from North Carolina. When he was four years old, he had 2 health problem and started to lose hair. He felt sad to go to school. The feeling got even 3 (bad) when his classmates laughed at his looks. And they stayed away from him. One day, Tyler saw a flyer (小传单) at school for free after-school violin lessons. 4 he knew he had no talent for music, he decided to learn to play the violin for fun. “I practised in 5 (I) room every day. The more I did it, the better I got,” he said. “When I played the violin, it 6 (help) me forget those bad things. “Tyler’s mother said the violin made him happy again and she felt like she had her son back. Tyler was strong 7 didn’t let those bad things break him. He’s 8 (real) a brave boy. He’s going to write a book. It’s 9 his journey with his health problem and the violin. He wants 10 (tell) other kids like him to be strong and love life. 【答案】 1．people’s 2．a 3．worse 4．Although/Though 5．my 6．helped 7．and 8．really 9．about 10．to tell 【导语】本文通过讲述11岁男孩Tyler Butler-Figueroa克服健康问题和他人嘲笑、通过学习小提琴重获快乐与自信的故事，强调了坚强和热爱生活的重要性。 【详解】 1．句意：同时，他用自己的故事感动了许多人的心。句中“many”后接名词作宾语，结合提示词“people”及语境，表示“许多人的心”，需用名词所有格。 2．句意：当他四岁时，他有一个健康问题并开始掉头发。句中“health problem”为可数名词单数，且第一次提到，需用不定冠词修饰，health以辅音音素开头，故填a。 3．句意：当同学嘲笑他的长相时，这种感觉变得更糟。句中“even”后接形容词比较级，结合提示词“bad”及语境，表示“变得更糟”，故填worse。 4．句意：尽管他知道自己没有音乐天赋，他还是决定学习拉小提琴来娱乐。句中前后分句为让步关系，结合语境，需用连词引导让步状语从句，故填Though/Although。 5．句意：我每天在我的房间里练习。句中“room”为名词，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，“I”的形容词性物主代词为my。 6．句意：当我拉小提琴时，它帮助我忘记那些不好的事情。句中“When I played the violin”为一般过去时，主句谓语也需用一般过去时，“help”的过去式为helped。 7．句意：Tyler很坚强，没有让那些不好的事情击垮他。句中前后分句为并列关系，结合语境，需用连词连接，故填and。 8．句意：他真是一个勇敢的男孩。句中“brave”为形容词，需用副词修饰，“real”的副词形式为really。 9．句意：它是关于他与健康问题和小提琴的旅程。句中“It’s”后接表语，结合语境，表示“关于”，故填about。 10．句意：他想告诉像他一样的其他孩子要坚强并热爱生活。句中“want”后接动词不定式作宾语，故填to tell。 Unit 2：人际交往 07 I 1 (have) a best friend named Amy for three years. We 2 (get) on well with each other all the time. Last month, I had a small fight 3 her. She forgot 4 (return) my notebook. I was angry and 5 (not talk) to her for three days. Later, I thought 6 (careful). It was not a big problem. Good friendship needs patience. Yesterday, I said sorry to her 7 (active). She told me she was busy 8 her schoolwork those days. We forgave each other. Now our friendship is much 9 (strong) than before. I learn that we should be tolerant 10 our friends. 【答案】 1．have had 2．get 3．with 4．to return 5．didn’t talk 6．carefully 7．actively 8．with 9．stronger 10．of 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者和好友Amy因忘还笔记本发生小矛盾，后来互相理解、和好，友谊更加牢固的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：我有一个叫Amy的好朋友已经三年了。空格处位于主语I之后，需要谓语动词。由时间状语“for three years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时；主语是I，have的过去分词是had，因此填have had。 2．句意：我们一直相处得很好。空格处位于主语We之后，需要谓语动词。由“all the time”可知，这里表示一直以来的状态，用一般现在时；主语是We，get用原形。 3．句意：上个月，我和她吵了一小架。空格处位于a small fight和her之间，需要介词。have a fight with sb.是固定搭配，表示“和某人吵架”，因此填with。 4．句意：她忘了还我的笔记本。空格处位于forgot之后，需要非谓语动词。这里指她忘记还笔记本，forget to do sth.表示“忘记要做某事”，因此return用不定式，填to return。 5．句意：我很生气，三天没和她说话。and连接并列谓语，前面was是过去式，所以后面也用一般过去时；需借助助动词did构成否定，因此填didn’t talk。 6．句意：后来，我仔细想了想。空格处位于thought之后，需要副词修饰动词。careful的副词形式是carefully。 7．句意：昨天，我主动向她道歉。空格处位于said sorry to her之后，需要副词修饰动词said。active的副词形式是actively。 8．句意：她告诉我那些天她忙于功课。空格处位于busy和her schoolwork之间，需要介词。be busy with sth.是固定搭配，表示“忙于某事”，因此填with。 9．句意：现在我们的友谊比以前牢固多了。空格处位于much之后、than before之前，需要形容词比较级。strong的比较级是stronger，much修饰比较级。 10．句意：我学到我们应该宽容我们的朋友。空格处位于tolerant和our friends之间，需要介词。be tolerant of sb.是固定搭配，表示“对某人宽容”，因此填of。 08 Mr. Smith worked in a company. He lived on the 1 (four) floor of an apartment (公寓). He had lived here for many years. He was so impolite (没有礼貌的) to his 2 (neighbour) that no one even knew his first name. He never said hello to anyone. He even got angry when his next-door neighbour, Mary and David, had a baby. Instead of saying congratulations (祝贺), he loudly shouted 3 them, “How boring it was! Your baby cried all night!” Mr. Smith thought that Mary and David would have 4   argument with him, but they didn’t. One day before he left his home, he saw that his rubbish (垃圾) wasn’t there. In its place, he found a note from David, “Good morning, Mr. Smith. I 5 (pass) by your door and saw your rubbish here. I picked it up for you. Have a nice day.” Mr. Smith didn’t want to accept David’s 6 (kind). But a few days later, outside his door Mr. Smith found another note that said, “We’re 7 (deep) sorry for being noisy (吵闹的) last night. Our baby son didn’t feel well, 8 he cried a lot.” That afternoon, when he returned from work, he said hello to his next-door neighbour and thanked 9 (they) for their notes. From then on, he treated everyone with friendliness everywhere he went. We live in a world full of many different kinds of people. The most important thing is to learn how to get along well with others. It’s good to see how kindness 10 (encourage) more kindness. 【答案】 1．fourth 2．neighbours 3．at 4．an 5．passed 6．kindness 7．deeply 8．so 9．them 10．encourages 【导语】本文讲述史密斯先生原本对邻居很无礼，邻居却用善意打动了他，最终他学会友善待人的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：他住在公寓的四楼。表示楼层要用序数词，four的序数词形式是fourth，故填fourth。 2．句意：他对邻居如此没有礼貌，以至于没人知道他的名字。此处泛指多个邻居，neighbour要用可数名词复数形式neighbours，故填neighbours。 3．句意：他没有送上祝贺，而是对着他们大声吼叫。固定搭配shout at sb.表示“对某人大喊大叫”，故填at。 4．句意：史密斯先生以为玛丽和大卫会和他争吵，但是他们没有。固定短语have an argument with sb.表示“和某人争吵”，argument以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an，故填an。 5．句意：我路过你的门口，看到了你的垃圾。and连接并列谓语，saw为一般过去时，pass也要用一般过去式passed，故填passed。 6．句意：史密斯先生不想接受大卫的善意。名词所有格David’s后面需要接名词，kind的名词形式是kindness，故填kindness。 7．句意：我们为昨晚的吵闹深感抱歉。此处修饰形容词sorry，要用副词，deep的副词形式是deeply，故填deeply。 8．句意：我们的小宝宝不舒服，所以哭闹得厉害。前后两句是因果关系，前为原因后为结果，用连词so，故填so。 9．句意：他向隔壁邻居打招呼，感谢他们留下便条。动词thanked后面作宾语，要用人称代词宾格，they的宾格是them，故填them。 10．句意：看到善意如何激发更多善意是一件美好的事。本句为宾语从句，主语kindness是不可数名词，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式encourages，故填encourages。 09 Friendship is very important in our lives. Everyone needs friends. But how can we get 1 well with our friends? First, we should be honest. A good friend never 2 (tell) lies. If you are honest, your friends will 3 (believe) you. Second, we should learn to listen. When your friend is talking, listen to him or her 4 (careful). Don’t interrupt him or her. This shows that you respect 5 (he) or her. Third, we should help each other. When your friend is in trouble, give him or her 6 hand. A true friend always 7 (care) about others. Fourth, we should learn to say sorry. We all make 8 (mistake). If you do something wrong, say sorry in time. A simple “I’m sorry” can make your friendship 9 (strong) than before. In a word, if we treat our friends 10 (good), our friendship will last long. 【答案】 1．on 2．tells 3．believe 4．carefully 5．him 6．a 7．cares 8．mistakes 9．stronger 10．well 【导语】本篇短文围绕友谊展开，介绍了与朋友友好相处的四条方法，倡导真诚维系友谊。 【详解】 1．句意：但是我们怎样才能和朋友相处融洽呢？根据句意可知，此处是问我们如何能和朋友相处融洽。固定搭配get on well with意为“与……相处融洽”。 2．句意：好朋友从不说谎。主语A good friend是第三人称单数，且句子时态是一般现在时，故用tells。 3．句意：如果你诚实，你的朋友会信任你。will后接动词原形，故填believe。 4．句意：当你的朋友在说话时，仔细听他或她说。修饰动词listen，用副词carefully。 5．句意：这表明你尊重他或她。respect为动词，后接宾语，故用宾格him 6．句意：当你的朋友遇到麻烦时，帮他或她一把。固定搭配give sb. a hand意为“帮助某人”。 7．句意：真正的朋友总是关心别人。主语A true friend是第三人称单数，且句子时态是一般现在时，故用cares。 8．句意：我们都会犯错误。固定搭配make mistakes意为“犯错误”，mistake需要用复数mistakes。 9．句意：一句简单的"对不起"可以让你的友谊比以前更牢固。than before提示用比较级，strong的比较级是stronger。 10．句意：如果我们好好对待朋友，我们的友谊会长久。此处需要副词well修饰动词treat。 10 Jamie and Jackie are brothers. They live on neighbouring farms 1 (happy). However, one day, they had a misunderstanding (误会) and 2 (argue) with each other. Neither of them 3 (talk) to each other any more. One morning, somebody knocked on the elder brother Jamie’s door. Jamie saw 4 man with a toolbox. The man said, “Sir, I’m looking for some work. I wonder if you could give some work.” Jamie thought for a while and said, “Yes. Look at the farm across from the canal (灌溉渠). My brother Jackie 5 (live) there. Last week, he dug that canal. Now, I want 6 (build) a fence (围栏) so that I won’t see him again.’’ The man smiled and said, “OK. I will try my best to do that job.’’ Then, Jamie went to town. At sunset, the man finished his job. When Jamie returned, instead of a fence, he was 7 (surprise) to see a beautiful bridge over the canal. Then, his brother walked towards him and said, “After what I have said and done, you still build this bridge! I’m really sorry, Jamie.” Jamie hugged his brother. The man soon came to say goodbye to Jamie. Jamie said at once, “No, please stay! I’ve got a lot of other work for you.’’ The man replied 8 a smile, “I’d love to, 9 I have many more ‘bridges’ to build. Sorry.” Sometimes, we fight over small things and they become big 10 (problem) over time. Instead of creating conflicts (冲突), we should try to solve them. 【答案】 1．happily 2．argued 3．talked 4．a 5．lives 6．to build 7．surprised 8．with 9．but 10．problems 【导语】本文讲述一对兄弟Jamie和Jackie产生误会而互不说话，哥哥请工人建围栏隔开弟弟，工人却修了一座桥，化解了兄弟矛盾。故事告诉我们遇到矛盾不要制造冲突，而要想办法解决问题。 【详解】 1．句意：他们开心地住在相邻的农场里。此处修饰动词live，要用副词，happy的副词形式是happily。故填happily。 2．句意：然而，有一天他们产生了误会，互相争吵起来。and连接并列谓语，前面had为一般过去时，argue也要用一般过去时argued。故填argued。 3．句意：他们俩再也不和对方说话了。全文讲述过去发生的故事，时态为一般过去时，talk的过去式是talked。故填talked。 4．句意：Jamie看见了一个带着工具箱的男人。man是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个”，man以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 5．句意：我的弟弟Jackie住在那里。本句是直接引语，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语Jackie是第三人称单数，live变为lives。故填lives。 6．句意：现在，我想要建一道围栏，这样我就再也看不见他了。固定搭配“want to do sth.”意为“想要做某事”，所以用不定式to build。故填to build。 7．句意：当Jamie回来时，没有看到围栏，他惊讶地看到灌溉渠上有一座漂亮的桥。固定结构“be surprised to do sth.”意为“做某事感到惊讶”，形容词surprised用来修饰人。故填surprised。 8．句意：男人微笑着回答。固定搭配“with a smile”意为“带着微笑”，with表示伴随状态。故填with。 9．句意：我很乐意，但是我还有更多的“桥”要去建造。前后分句存在转折关系，用转折连词but。故填but。 10．句意：有时候，我们为小事争吵，久而久之这些小事就变成了大麻烦。主语they指代前面的small things，所以problem要用复数形式problems。故填problems。 11 Once upon a time, there were two neighbors. They often argued over small things. One day, they had a big fight over a tree that stood 1 (exact) on the boundary of their yards. Both of them wanted the tree for 2 (they) own use. An old man in the village saw this and decided 3 (help) them. He told them a story about the Liuchi Lane. He said, “Do you know the famous ‘Six-Chi Lane’? It 4 (build) during the Qing Dynasty. Two families both stepped back and 5 (create) a lane between their houses. They lived in peace from then on.” The two neighbors were 6 (deep) moved by the story. They felt 7 (shame) of their behavior. They decided 8 (stop) arguing and share the tree instead. From that day on, they became good friends. The old man was very happy to see this. He said, “This is the power of kindness. When we are 9 (will) to give up something small, we can gain something much 10 (great) in return.” 【答案】 1．exactly 2．their 3．to help 4．was built 5．created 6．deeply 7．ashamed 8．to stop 9．willing 10．greater 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两户邻居因一棵长在院子边界上的树而发生争执，村里一位老人通过讲述“六尺巷”的故事感化了他们，使他们停止争吵、共享大树并成为好朋友的故事，说明了善良与谦让的力量。 【详解】 1．句意：有一天，他们为一棵正好长在两家院子边界上的树大吵了一架。此处修饰动词stood，表示“恰好，正好”，应用副词形式。结合所给词exact，其副词为exactly。 2．句意：他们俩都想把这棵树占为己用。此处修饰名词own use，应用形容词性物主代词。结合所给词they，其形容词性物主代词为their。 3．句意：村里的一位老人看到这一幕，决定帮助他们。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾语，应填to help。 4．句意：它建于清朝。主语It指代“六尺巷”，与build之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语“during the Qing Dynasty”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”。主语It为单数，be动词用was，build的过去分词为built，应填was built。 5．句意：两家人各自后退，在房子之间让出了一条巷子。此处与并列谓语stepped back保持一致，应用一般过去时。结合所给词create，其过去式为created。 6．句意：两位邻居被这个故事深深感动了。此处修饰动词moved，表示“深深地”，应用副词形式。结合所给词deep，其副词为deeply。 7．句意：他们为自己的行为感到羞愧。feel ashamed of意为“对……感到羞愧”，此处应用形容词作表语。结合所给词shame，其形容词为ashamed。 8．句意：他们决定停止争吵，转而共享这棵树。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾语，应填to stop。 9．句意：当我们愿意放弃一些小事时，我们反而能得到更伟大的东西。be willing to do sth.意为“愿意做某事”，此处应用形容词作表语。结合所给词will，其形容词为willing。 10．句意：当我们愿意放弃一些小事时，我们反而能得到更伟大的东西。much修饰比较级，结合所给词great，其比较级为greater。 12 Have you ever had a problem with a friend? I have. Last term, my best friend Li Ming 1 (join) the school basketball team. He spent most of his free time 2 (practice) with his teammates. I felt lonely and 3 (certain) about our friendship. One day, I decided to talk to him. “Li Ming, I feel like we don’t spend much time together anymore,” I said. He looked 4 (surprise). “I’m sorry,” he replied. “I didn’t realize you felt that way. I was just trying 5 (make) new friends.” I was afraid that he might not want to be my friend anymore. But he said, “You’re my best friend. Nothing can change that.” His words made me feel much 6 (good). From this experience, I learned an important lesson. It is difficult for people 7 (talk) about their feelings. But you 8 (should) hide your feelings to please others. True friends will respect your 9 (feel). Whenever you face a problem in a friendship, remember that communication is the key. A problem 10 (share) is a problem halved. 【答案】 1．joined 2．practicing 3．uncertain 4．surprised 5．to make 6．better 7．to talk 8．shouldn’t 9．feelings 10．shared 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者和好友李明之间的友谊小矛盾。李明加入篮球队后陪伴作者的时间变少，作者感到孤单，两人沟通之后重归于好。 【详解】 1．句意：上学期，我最好的朋友李明加入了学校篮球队。 时间Last term表示过去，句子使用一般过去时，join的过去式是joined，故填joined。 2．句意：他把大部分空闲时间都用来和队友一起练习。 固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth. 表示花费时间做某事，practice要变为动名词practicing，故填practicing。 3．句意：我感到孤单，对我们的友谊没有把握。 根据lonely可知作者内心不确定，certain是“确定的”，反义词uncertain表示不确定的，形容词作表语，故填uncertain。 4．句意：他看起来很惊讶。 look在这里是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，修饰人用surprised，表示感到惊讶的，故填surprised。 5．句意：我只是尽力去结交新朋友。 固定搭配try to do sth. 表示尽力做某事，不定式to后接动词原形，故填to make。 6．句意：他的话让我感觉好多了。 much用来修饰形容词比较级，good的比较级是better，much better表示好多了，故填better。 7．句意：对人们来说谈论自己的感受是一件困难的事。 固定句型It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth. 表示对某人来说做某事是……的，要用动词不定式，故填to talk。 8．句意：但是你不应该为了取悦别人而隐藏你的感受。 结合语境，此处表达不应该，should的否定形式shouldn’t，故填shouldn’t。 9．句意：真正的朋友会尊重你的感受。 形容词性物主代词your后面需要名词，feel是动词，名词feeling，此处用复数feelings表示多种情绪、感受，故填feelings。 10．句意：一个被分享的难题就是减半的难题。 此处用过去分词作后置定语，shared表示被分享的，修饰名词problem，故填shared。 Unit 3：发明创造 13 Curiosity plays 1 important role in invention. Many great ideas come from people 2 are full of curiosity. When we meet something strange, we should ask 3 (we) more questions. Don’t be afraid 4 failure. Every time you fail, you can learn something new. Some inventions are made by accident. But you still need careful thinking 5 (turn) accidents into useful things. Easton’s story 6 (show) us that young people can also make a difference. He didn’t want 7 (make) money. Instead, he shared his design online for free so 8 more kids could get cheap artificial arms. We should keep curious and keep 9 (try). Never give up 10 we meet difficulties. 【答案】 1．an 2．who/that 3．ourselves 4．of 5．to turn 6．shows 7．to make 8．that 9．trying 10．when/if 【导语】本文阐述了好奇心在发明中的重要作用。许多伟大的想法来自充满好奇心的人。遇到奇怪的事情时，我们应该多问自己一些问题，不要害怕失败，因为每次失败都能学到新东西。有些发明是偶然产生的，但仍需要仔细思考才能将偶然变成有用的东西。Easton的故事表明年轻人也能有所作为，他不想赚钱，而是在网上免费分享设计，让更多孩子能买到便宜的假肢。我们应该保持好奇、不断尝试，遇到困难时永不放弃。 【详解】 1．句意：好奇心在发明中扮演着重要的角色。此处表示“一个”，空格后“important”以元音音素开头，需填不定冠词“an”。 2．句意：许多伟大的想法来自充满好奇心的人。此处需要关系代词引导定语从句修饰“people”，且在从句中作主语，需填“who”或“that”。 3．句意：当我们遇到奇怪的事情时，我们应该问自己更多的问题。括号内提示词“we”意为人称代词主格“我们”，此处表示“问我们自己”，需用反身代词“ourselves”。 4．句意：不要害怕失败。“be afraid of”为固定搭配，表示“害怕”，符合句意，需填“of”。 5．句意：但你仍然需要仔细思考，才能把偶然变成有用的东西。括号内提示词“turn”意为“转变”，此处表示目的，需用不定式“to turn”。 6．句意：Easton的故事向我们表明，年轻人也能有所作为。括号内提示词“show”意为“表明”，描述一般事实，主语“story”为单数，需用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式“shows”。 7．句意：他不想赚钱。括号内提示词“make”和“money”搭配意为“赚钱”，“want to do sth.”为固定搭配，需用不定式“to make”。 8．句意：相反，他在网上免费分享他的设计，以便更多孩子能买到便宜的假肢。前半句和后半句存在目的关系。此处需要引导目的状语从句，“so that”为固定短语，表示“以便，符合句意，需填“that”。 9．句意：我们应该保持好奇，不断尝试。括号内提示词“try”意为“尝试”，“keep doing sth.”为固定搭配，表示“持续做某事”，需用动名词“trying”。 10．句意：遇到困难时 (如果遇到困难)，永远不要放弃。此处可表示“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句，需填连词“when”；或者此处表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，需填连词“if”。故填when或者if。 14 Everyone has a dream. My dream is 1 (be) a scientist. I want to invent new things 2 (help) people live a better life. To make my dream come true, I have made a plan. First, I will study hard at school. I am good 3 maths and science. I will read more books about science. Second, I will take part 4 different science activities. I will join the Science Club 5 learn more from my teachers and classmates. Third, I will never give 6 when I meet difficulties. I know the road to success is not easy, 7 I will keep trying. My parents are very 8 (proud) of me. They often encourage 9 (I) to work hard. I believe my dream 10 (come) true one day if I keep working hard. 【答案】 1．to be 2．to help 3．at 4．in 5．to 6．up 7．but 8．proud 9．me 10．will come 【导语】本文介绍了作者的梦想是成为一名科学家，并讲述了为实现梦想制定的计划以及家人的鼓励。 【详解】 1．句意：我的梦想是成为一名科学家。此处用不定式作表语，说明梦想的具体内容，故填to be。 2．句意：我想要发明新东西来帮助人们过上更好的生活。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“发明新事物的目的”，故填to help。 3．句意：我擅长数学和科学。固定搭配be good at，意为“擅长……”，故填at。 4．句意：我会参加不同的科学活动。固定搭配take part in，意为“参加（活动）”，故填in。 5．句意：我将加入科学俱乐部，向老师和同学们学习更多知识。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“加入俱乐部的目的”，故填to。 6．句意：第三，当我遇到困难时，我永远不会放弃。固定搭配give up，意为“放弃”，故填up。 7．句意：我知道通往成功的道路并不容易，但是我会继续努力。前后两个分句是转折关系，故填but。 8．句意：我的父母为我感到非常骄傲。固定搭配be proud of，意为“为……感到骄傲”，proud是形容词，作表语，故填proud。 9．句意：他们经常鼓励我努力学习。动词encourage后面要用人称代词宾格作宾语，I的宾格是me，故填me。 10．句意：我相信如果我持续努力，我的梦想终有一天会实现。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，one day表示“将来”，主句用一般将来时，故填will come。 15 Jenny, a girl born without an arm, once used a simple 1 (art) arm that cost $80,000. It was heavy and uncomfortable, and it often needed replacing (更换) as she grew. But Easton LaChappelle’s 2 (invent) would change her life completely. With Easton’s 3D-printed robotic arm, Jenny could do many things that she couldn’t before. First, the arm was much 3 (light)—only 0.5 kilograms—so she wouldn’t feel tired wearing it all day. 4 (two), it could respond (作出反应) to brain signals. This would allow her to move it naturally, just like a real arm. She could 5 (hold) a pencil, lift a cup, or even play games 6 (easy). Best of all, the new arm cost around $500, much cheaper than her old one. Since the design is free online, Jenny’s family can print a new one whenever she 7 (need) it. Jenny would also feel happier and more 8 (confidence). With a functional (实用的) and lightweight arm, she could do everyday tasks without help. She might even join sports or art classes, and discover talents she never knew she had. Easton’s invention would give Jenny not only a better artificial arm but also hope for a brighter future. Thanks to his 9 (kind) and hard work, children like Jenny could enjoy easier and more independent (自立的) lives. What 10 wonderful thing! 【答案】 1．artificial 2．invention 3．lighter 4．Second 5．hold 6．easily 7．needs 8．confident 9．kindness 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了失去一只手臂的女孩Jenny因Easton发明的3D打印机械臂而生活得到改善的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：Jenny，一个天生没有手臂的女孩，曾经使用过一只简单的假肢，花费了8万美元。该处需形容词修饰名词“arm”，括号内所给名词“art”需变为形容词“artificial”，意为“人造的/假的”，故填artificial。 2．句意：但Easton LaChappelle的发明将完全改变她的生活。该处需名词作主语，括号内所给动词“invent”需变为名词，故填invention。 3．句意：首先，这只手臂轻得多——只有0.5公斤——所以她整天戴着也不会感到累。该处需形容词比较级作表语，前有“much”修饰，括号内所给形容词“light”需变为比较级，故填lighter。 4．句意：其次，它可以对大脑信号作出正确反应。该处需序数词表示顺序，位于句首首字母大写，括号内所给数词“two”需变为序数词，故填Second。 5．句意：她可以握铅笔、举杯子，甚至轻松地玩游戏。该处需动词原形，情态动词“could”后接动词原形，括号内所给动词“hold”用原形，故填hold。 6．句意：她可以握铅笔、举杯子，甚至轻松地玩游戏。该处需副词修饰动词“play”，括号内所给形容词“easy”需变为副词，故填easily。 7．句意：由于设计在网上免费，Jenny的家人可以在她需要时随时打印一只新的。该处需谓语动词，主句“can print”为现在时，whenever引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时，主语“she”为第三人称单数，括号内所给动词“need”需变为第三人称单数形式，故填needs。 8．句意：Jenny也会感到更快乐、更自信。该处需形容词作表语，与“happier”并列，前有“more”修饰，括号内所给名词“confidence”需变为形容词，故填confident。 9．句意：多亏了他的善良和努力，像Jenny这样的孩子才能享受更轻松、更独立的生活。该处需名词作介词“to”的宾语，括号内所给形容词“kind”需变为名词，故填kindness。 10．句意：这真是一件奇妙的事情啊！该处需不定冠词，修饰可数名词单数“thing”，“wonderful”以辅音音素开头，故填a。 16 Water pollution is a serious problem around the world. A doctor, called Jack Todd, is very interested in 1 (clean) water. He has tried many ways, and 2 the end he developed a small and inexpensive system (系统) to clear waste water—the Living Machine. The machine can clean waste water in 3 (we) home and business. The machine cleans waste water. First, the waste water goes into 4 big plastic tank (水箱). In the tank, the wastes start to break down. 5 (two), a few days later, the machine brings the water into a greenhouse full of fish and plants. With the help of sunlight, plants and animals, the machine takes out many 6 (chemical) from the water. That 7 (make) the water cleaner. Then the machine can use the water for washing or bathing. It can’t be used to drink or cook, 8 the water is clean enough to water the flowers, wash the dog, and have a bath. This technology is good for the environment. It can also help to save fresh water and it can help provide the unpolluted water. If we take action 9 (do) something to save energy on the Earth, our planet will have a longer life and our life will be 10 (good). 【答案】 1．cleaning 2．in 3．our 4．a 5．Second 6．chemicals 7．makes 8．but 9．to do 10．better 【导语】本文介绍了医生杰克·托德发明了一种廉价的小型“生命机器”系统，利用塑料水箱、植物和鱼类等逐步净化废水，使其达到可洗涤、浇花、洗澡等非饮用用途的清洁程度，从而节约淡水、减少污染，帮助保护环境。 【详解】 1．句意：一位名叫杰克·托德的医生对净化水非常感兴趣。be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”，介词in后接动名词，所以clean变为cleaning。 2．句意：他尝试了许多方法，最终研发出了一个小型且廉价的废水净化系统——生命机器。固定搭配in the end意为“最终”，填in。 3．句意：这台机器可以清洁我们家庭和企业的废水。修饰名词home and business需用形容词性物主代词，we变为our。 4．句意：首先，废水进入一个大塑料水箱。表示“一个大塑料水箱”，big以辅音音素开头，填不定冠词a。 5．句意：第二，几天后，机器将水引入一个满是鱼和植物的温室。对应前文的First，此处表示第二步，用序数词Second，注意首字母大写。 6．句意：在阳光、植物和动物的帮助下，这台机器从水中提取出许多化学物质。many后接可数名词复数，chemical变为chemicals，表示“化学物质”。 7．句意：那使水更干净。主语That是单数，一般现在时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式makes。 8．句意：它不能用于饮用或烹饪，但这水足够干净，可以用来浇花、给狗洗澡以及泡澡。前后句表转折：水不能用于饮用、烹饪，但足够干净可用于浇花等，填but。 9．句意：如果我们采取行动为地球节约能源，我们的星球将会更长寿，我们的生活也会变得更好。固定搭配take action to do sth.意为“采取行动做某事”，填to do。 10．句意：如果我们采取行动为地球节约能源，我们的星球将会更长寿，我们的生活也会变得更好。对应前文的longer，此处用形容词good的比较级better，表示生活会更好。 17 Chopsticks are useful tools to have meals in China. They 1 (invent) before the Shang Dynasty. The earliest chopsticks 2 (make) of bronze. People used them 3 (pick) up food at that time. Most people believe that Chinese invented chopsticks. There are many stories about the inventor of chopsticks. Someone says that Jiang Ziya created chopsticks. 4 (actual), no one knows for sure. Chopsticks are usually 5 the shape of a square top and a round bottom. Chinese believe that the Earth is square and the sky is round. This 6 (show) respect for nature. Many people think it’s difficult to use chopsticks. In fact, it’s not. Hold them between the thumb and other fingers. The key is 7 (hold) one piece tight and move the other to control movement and force. Chopsticks are also an important part of Chinese culture. In China, it is nice 8 (pick) up food for the old by using chopsticks. But it’s impolite to point at others with them. And never make your chopsticks 9 (stand) straight in a rice bowl. Learning to use chopsticks means 10 (learn) about Chinese culture. 【答案】 1．were invented 2．were made 3．to pick 4．Actually 5．in 6．shows 7．to hold 8．to pick 9．stand 10．learning 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了筷子的发明历史、外形寓意、使用方法以及相关的中国传统餐桌文化与礼仪。 【详解】 1．句意：它们在商朝之前就被发明出来。主语They指代chopsticks，和invent是被动关系。时间“before the Shang Dynasty”表示过去，需用一般过去时被动语态，结构为：were/was+过去分词。主语为复数，be动词用were，invent的过去分词是invented，故填were invented。 2．句意：最早的筷子由青铜制成。固定搭配：be made of表示“由……制成”。主语the earliest chopsticks是复数，讲述古代的事情，用一般过去时，be动词用were，make的过去分词是made，故填were made。 3．句意：在那个时候，人们用它们夹取食物。固定结构：use sth. to do sth.表示“用某物做某事”，不定式作目的状语，故填to pick。 4．句意：事实上，没有人确切地知道。此处放在句首作状语，需要用副词。actual是形容词，其副词形式为actually，放在句首首字母大写，故填Actually。 5．句意：筷子通常是上方下圆的形状。固定短语：in the shape of意为“呈……的形状”，故填介词in。 6．句意：这体现了对自然的敬畏。主语This为单数，全文此处为一般现在时，谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式，show的三单形式是shows，故填shows。 7．句意：关键是握紧其中一根，移动另一根，以此控制动作和力度。固定句型：The key is to do sth.表示“关键是做某事”，动词不定式放在be动词后作表语，故填to hold。 8．句意：在中国，用筷子给长辈夹菜是有礼貌的行为。固定句型：It is+形容词+to do sth.，It是形式主语，动词不定式作句子真正的主语，故填to pick。 9．句意：千万不要把筷子直直地竖插在饭碗中。固定搭配：make sth. do sth.表示“使某物做某事”，make为使役动词，后面接动词原形作宾语补足语，故填stand。 10．句意：学会使用筷子就意味着了解中国文化。固定搭配：mean doing sth.表示“意味着做某事”，mean后接动名词作宾语，learn动名词为learning，故填learning。 18 In the past ten years, great progress has been made in technology. It seems like everything has been reinvented (改造) and greatly improved. However, here is one thing unlike them. It was invented over 100 years ago 1 remained unchanged until now. I’m talking about the blind walking stick. The white stick has been used by many blind people for 2 long time. However, it has seen no real improvement until a blind engineer named Kursat decided to make a 3 (different). He invented a smart stick called WeWalk. He hoped his 4 (invent) would help the blind. The smart stick uses built-in speakers and different sensors (传感器) 5 (warn) about possible dangers. It helps blind people in navigating (导航) around their environment using modern technology, which makes their travel much 6 (easy). The price of the stick is around 800 dollars. Most people can afford it. This invention is going to change life a lot for the blind. Kursat understands the difficulties and challenges that the blind face well. That’s because he is blind 7 (he). He decided to put his technical knowledge into inventing something that would not only change his life, but also the life of many others. “These days, we are talking about flying cars. But the blind have been using just a simple stick. 8 a blind person, when I am at the metro station, I 9 (know) which is my exit, which bus is coming or which stores are around me. Now, that kind of information can be provided by the WeWalk,” he said. “I believe the life of the blind 10 (be) much easier and safer.” 【答案】 1．but 2．a 3．difference 4．invention 5．to warn 6．easier 7．himself 8．As 9．don’t know 10．will be 【导语】本文介绍了盲人工程师Kursat发明智能手杖WeWalk的故事，该发明利用现代技术帮助盲人导航，改变了传统盲杖百年未变的历史。 【详解】 1．句意：它发明于100多年前，但至今保持不变。前句说“发明于100多年前”，后句说“至今保持不变”，前后为转折关系，需用转折连词“but”。 2．句意：白色手杖已经被许多盲人使用了很长时间。“for a long time”是固定短语，意为“很长时间”，需用不定冠词“a”。 3．句意：然而，直到一位名叫库尔萨特的盲人工程师决定做出改变，它才真正得到改进。“make a difference”是固定短语，意为“有影响，起作用”，需用名词“difference”。 4．句意：他希望他的发明能帮助盲人。形容词性物主代词“his”后需接名词。“invent”的名词形式为“invention”，意为“发明”。 5．句意：智能手杖使用内置扬声器和不同传感器来警告可能的危险。此处用动词不定式“to warn”作目的状语，表示“为了警告”。 6．句意：它利用现代技术帮助盲人在周围环境中导航，这使他们的出行容易得多。“much”修饰比较级，“easy”的比较级为“easier”。 7．句意：那是因为他自己也是盲人。此处强调主语he本人，应用反身代词。he的反身代词为himself。 8．句意：作为一个盲人，当我在地铁站时，我不知道哪个是我的出口，哪路公交车来了，或者周围有哪些商店。表示“作为”，需用介词“As”，句首首字母大写。 9．句意：作为一个盲人，当我在地铁站时，我不知道哪个是我的出口，哪路公交车来了，或者周围有哪些商店。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，此处指“不知道哪个是出口”，主语“I”为第一人称单数，否定结构需用“don’t + 动词原形”。 10．句意：我相信盲人的生活将会更轻松、更安全。根据I believe及语境可知，这是对未来的预测和展望，应用一般将来时will be。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $