主题3 人与环境-【创新教程】2021-2025五年高考真题英语分类特训试卷

主题3 人与环境 Passage1(2024新课标Ⅱ卷) 题材 如何应对过度旅游 体裁说明文 词数 252 建议用时 难度：d Overtourism Is For Real:How Can You Help? Travel promotes understanding,expands our minds,makes us better people,and boosts local economies and communities,but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.36 Certainly not.The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today's world.Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. Choose mindfully.Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason:they're special.With so many online posts featuring the same places,it's easy to feel like you're missing out.Go somewhere only when the landscape,culture or food deeply draws you.37 OGet creative.The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world,it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.38 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser-known sights? O 39 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You'll compete with fewer tourists,save money,experience a different side of a popular place,and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege().Do your part to preserve what makes a destina- tion special in the first place.40 You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there. A.Visit during off-peak times. B.So,should we stop traveling? C.Travel for you and no one else. D.Can overtourism be avoided then? E.You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F.You'll find yourself virtually alone,or close to it. G.Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting. Passage2(2023全国乙卷) 题材 室内植物养植 体裁 说明文 词数335 建议用时9难度l Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much,but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.36 but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood ()reducing stress and helping their memory.What's more,indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. What are indoor plants? Indoor plants,also known as houseplants or pot plants,are plants that like to grow indoors.Many of these species()are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK,especially in the winter.37 烷 Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra,who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens,says,"38.I find during the winter months,plants around the house can really lift your mood."Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity,focus and memory.There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases,such as carbon dioxide.They al- so remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.39. Which plants can you grow? Aloe vera,peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets,garden centres or online.Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones,and you get to care for them as they mature-which is part of the joy of ow- ning plants.40."Spoelstra says."It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature." A.All plants are different B.Not only do they look beautiful C.There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D.Instead,they grow better inside,where it is warmer E.Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best F.Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G.Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding. 96 第三部分 完形填空 话题1 帮助他人 [真题题组·实战集训] Cloze1(2023天津卷，改编) 题材九岁男孩用巧克力救人性命体裁记叙文词数288建议用时12' 难度：中正确率 /15 There are moments when strangers'lives collide( 1.A.created B.revealed by accident,and even though they may never see each C.introduced D.preserved 数 other again,they're changed forever.These can be mo- 2.A.witness B.visitor ments when true character is 1 often through acts of C.match D.exception kindness and generosity of unlikely heroes. Not long ago,I was a(n)2 to that kind of mo- 3.A.caught B.confirmed ment.On a summer midnight,my parents and I had just C.gotten off D.put off 3 a long flight and started to walk through the empty 4.A.safely B.accidentally airport when I saw a passenger suddenly fall to the C.casually D.immediately 的 ground.We 4 ran toward him.My parents,who are 5.A.get across B.figure out 棉 doctors,dropped everything and began trying to 5 C.take down D.bring up what had happened.My parents 6 that the man was 6.A.recalled B.determined hypoglycaemic(低血糖的)and in major need of sugar. C.admitted D.guaranteed However,the only thing we could find was a protein bar. Just then,a young boy,Mecca,arrived at the 7 7.A.station B.destination with the flight attendants(空乘人员).He quietly announced,“T C.scene D.department have a Snickers(士力架巧克力)！”Mecca dug deep into his 8.A.gave away B.set aside 数 backpack,and 8 a Snickers.He then handed it to the C.pulled out D.kept off 翻 man.Within seconds of the Snickers replacing the protein 9.A.memory B.appetite bar,the man regained 9.Mecca,a fourth grader,saved C.independence D.consciousness this stranger's life！ 10.A.proper B.tough No one could have guessed that earlier that night,Mecca C.enjoyable D.mysterious had just been through a 10 time.His father's flight was unexpectedly canceled,11 him to fly alone.He had 11.A.forcing B.urging never flown by himself before and was very nervous.His C.reminding D.permitting grandmother filled his backpack with candy to make him a 12.A.guilty B.anxious little less12· C.sensitive D.doubtful When we told Mecca's parents of his 13 actions, 13.A.modest B.ambitious they smiled from ear to ear.They were surprised that he C.heroic D.confident had saved some candy and was able to think about the 14.A.flight B.operation candy during the 14. C.performance As time goes on,I remain 15 by the experience D.emergency of witnessing a nine-year-old save a stranger's life.Even 15.A.relieved B.puzzled today Mecca's kindness continues to make me smile. C.frustrated D.inspire 97详解详析 小时，以及地的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活 20.D上文“Set a starting time.Maybe you say'go',or 动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的饿 turn on a certain song,or whatever.(设置开始时间。 炼伙伴为例，说明寻找假炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所 也许你说‘开始’，或者打开一首歌，或者无论什么。)” 以选择项G“Any notice for a training partner should include 打开音乐或者无论什么，意味聚会开始。下文“And such information.(任何维炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信 don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits.Remem- 息。)”将合上下文语境。 ber,it's a party！(别忘了拿出一些饼千和水果。记住， 40.F根据前文“You and your partner will probably have 这是个派对！)”讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有 different skills..(你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)” 的服务。因而，空白处应是承接上文，讲述聚会期间要 和后文“Over time,both of you will benefit一your 保持应有的内客。D项“Just keep music playing partner will be able to lift more weights and you will throughout.(要始终播放音乐。)”承上启下，说明在派 become more physically fit,(久而久之，你们双方都会 对上要有音乐，与前文形成意义上的一致，符合题意。 受益一你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更 主题3人与环境 健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。 Passage 1 所以选择项F“Just accept your differences and learn to [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何减轻“过度 work with each other,(接受你们的不同，学会彼此合 旅游”对当地环境的影响。 作。)”特合上下文语境。 36.B前文“Travel promotes understanding,expands our Passage 8 minds,makes us better people,and boosts local econo- [语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交 mies and communities,but the rapid growth of travel 换来处理旧衣服的方法一衣物交换派对，以及一些具体 has led to overtourism in certain regions and destina- 的流程。 ions.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更 16.B根据上文“So what to do with all those perfectly good- 好的人，促进当地经济提升和社区发展，但旅游业的快 but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your 速发展导致了某些地区和地点的过度旅游。)”表明旅 bedroom f1loor?(那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的 游带来了一些问题，后文“The loss of what travel offers (看起来)完好但你可能有，点厌倦的衣服呢？)”提出关于如 would be unacceptable in today's world.(在当今世界， 何解决旧衣物的问题。下文“It's the best way to get rid 失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的。)”表示不 of your used clothes,score clothes from your friends, 能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly not,(当然不。)”可知， and have a party all at the same time..(这是扔掉旧衣 空处提问能否停止旅行，B选项“那么，我们应该停止旅 服、从朋友那里获得衣服、同时开派对的最好方法。)” 行吗？”特合语境。 提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以空白处应起承上 37.C 前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a 启下的作用，承接上文讲到的问题，启下提出的方法。 reason:they're special.With so many online posts fea- 因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项 turing the same places,it's easy to feel like you're “Hold a clothing swap(进行衣物交换)”给出了一种处 missing out.Go somewhere only when the landscape, 理旧衣物的方法，承上启下，符合语境。 culture or food deeply draws you..(游客过多的目的地 l7.A根据上文“Invite5-l0 people so you have a nice 是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个 selection.(邀请5到10个人，这样你就有一个很好的选 地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景 择。)”说明了应该邀请的人数，下文“and there may 文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方。)”表明不要 not be enough things to choose from;more than that, 跟风旅游，C选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关 and it becomes uncontrollable.(可能没有足够的东西可 注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实于自己的感受，不用管其 供选择：多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。)”说明多于或 余的建议，符合语境。 少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应 38.E前文“That means you have tons of less-visited op 是针对下文中的“more than that'”提出的相反的假设，即少 tions to choose from.(这意味着你有很多未被广泛旅游 于一定数量的人。A项“Less people than that(少于这些 的地方作为的选择，)”及后文“Why not try a regional 人)”提出一种假设，和下文中“more than that'”相对，说明人 alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser- 数不宜太多，也不能太少，符合语境。 known sights？(为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或 l8.G根据下文“They should also prepare plenty of reus 者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢？)”提 出建议，可以远择一些冷门的景点，E选项“你仍然可以 able bags to carry their‘new’clothes home.(他们还应 找到相对而言鲜为人知的地方”语境一致。 该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的·新’衣服 带回家。)”说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服” 39.A空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush 准备袋子。G项“Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition.(告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服。)” hour.(通过避开重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响 并最大化体验。)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择 说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中 合适的时间，A选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段 的bring和下文中carry相对，都是为交换衣物所做的 内容。 准备。下文中的also也是提示词，并且其中They指代 40.G前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a desti- G项的everyone。所以G项符合语境。 nation special in the first place,(尽你的一份力，从一开 l9.F根据上文“Put different types of clothing on differ- 始就保护一个地方当地的特色。)”表明旅游时应保护 ent surfaces in the room.(把不同类型的衣服放在房间 旅游景，点，后文“You may be amazed how much closer 的不同地方，)”指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Place a you'll feel to the people there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你 few mirrors around your room so people can see how 和那里的人感觉如此亲近，)”表示这样做的感受，G选 things look when they try them on.(在房间周图放几面 项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。 镜子，这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。)”提到了放 Passage 2 置镜子的意义。由此可见，本段讲迷的是房间里的一些具 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室 体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什 内植物、室内植物蒂来的好处以及你能种植哪些室内 么。F项“Have everyone put their clothes in the right 植物。 sP0ts.(让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上。)”说明 36.B根据下文“but studies have shown that they can 每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置， promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood 符合语境。 (心情)，reducing stress and helping their memory.而且 最新真题分类特训·英语 研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增 3,C考查动词和动词短语辩析。句意：一个夏天的午夜， 强记忆力来促进人们的健康”可知，此处与下文是递进 我和父母刚下了长途飞机，正要穿过空荡荡的机场，突 关系，构成not only..but“不仅…而且…”结构。 然看到一位乘客摔倒在地。A.caught抓住； 由此可知，B.Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅 B.confirmed确认：C.gotten off下车；D.put off推迟。根 看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。 据后文“started to walk through the empty airport'”可知， 37.D根据上文“Many of these species(物种)are not 作者和父母刚下飞机，走出空荡荡的机场。 ideally suited to growing outside in the UK,especially 4,D考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们立即向他跑去 in the winter.这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外 A.safely安全地：B.accidentally意外地：C.casually随意 生长，尤其是在冬天。”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒 地；D.immediately立即地。根据“I saw a passenger sud- 冷的环境中生长，即造合在温暖的地方生长。由此可 denly fall to the ground.”可知，突然看到有人倒下，故作 D.Instead,they grow better inside,where it is 者和家人立刻跑过去。 warmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承 5.B考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我的父母都是医生 接上文，符合语境 他们放下了手上的东西，开始试图弄清楚到底发生了什 38.C根据下文“I find during the winter months,plants 么。A.get across理解；B.figure out弄清楚；C.take around the house can really lift your mood.我发现在冬 down拆除；D.bring up提出。根据前文“dropped every- 天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情 thing and began trying to”可知，因为作者的父母放下手 绪。”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C.Ther 里的东西去弄清楚到底发生了什么。 are many benefits to growing plants indoors(在室内种 6.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这个人患 植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。 有低血糖症，非常需要糖。A.recalled回忆起：B.deter- 39.E根据上文“There is also research showing that pot mined决定，确定；C.admitted承认，D.guaranteed保证。 plants can clean the air around them by removing harm- ful gases,such as carbon dioxide.They also remove some 根据“that the man was hypoglycaemic(低血糖的)”可知， 父母确定因为低血糖男人才倒下 harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.也有研究表明， 7,C考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，一个名叫麦加 盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周 的小男孩和空乘人员来到了现场。A.station站：B.des 图的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化 学物质。”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可 tination目的地；C.scene场景；D.department部f门。根 E.Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among 据“Mecca,arrived at the”可知，一个名叫麦加的小男孩 the best(像和平百合和魔鬼常春藤之类的植物是最好 和空乘人员来到了现场。 的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物， 8.C考查动词短语辨析。句意：麦加从背包里掏出一块 符合语境 士力架。A.gave away赠送：B.set aside搁置：C.pulled 40.G根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than out拉出；D.kept off避开。根据“Mecca dug deep into fully grown ones,and you get to care for them as they his backpack,”可知，麦加在背包里翻了半天，掏出一块 mature-which is part of the joy of owning plants. 士力架。 的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成 9.D考查名词词义辨析。句意：士力架代替了蛋白质棒， 熟时照顾它们一这是拥有植物的乐趣之一。”可知， 几秒钟后，这名男子就恢复了意识。A.memory记忆力； 不同的植物的需求是不同的。由此可知，G.Learning B.appetite食欲：C.independence独立；D.consciousness about the requirements of each plant can be very re- 意识。根据“Within seconds of the Snickers replacing the warding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接 protein bar,”可知，当士力架代替了蛋白质棒，男子血糖 上文，同时引起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest 恢复，几秒钟后，这名男子就恢复了意识。 and focus into people's lives and help to make the link 10.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人能想到，那天 between home and nature,”它可以为人们的生活带来 晚上早些时候，麦加刚刚经历了一段艰难的时期。 新的兴趣和专注度，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的 A.proper适当的；B.tough艰难的；C.enjoyable令人愉 联系。G项“了解每种植物的习性很有益处”符合语境。 快的；D.mysterious神秘的。根据后文“His father's 第三部分完形填空 flight was unexpectedly canceled,11 him to fly 话题1帮助他人 alone.”可知，他父亲的航班意外取消，迫使他独自飞 行，由此可知麦加刚刚经历了一段艰难的时期。 Cloze 1 11.A考查动词调义辨析。句意：他父亲的航班意外取 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个乘客 在机场低血糖突然倒地，陌生人们一起帮忙，其中一个年 消，迫使他独自飞行。A.forcing强迫，迫使，B.urging 催促；C.reminding提醒；D.permitting允许。根据“His 仅九岁的男孩麦加用自己的巧克力救了这个人的命。这 father's flight was unexpectedly canceled,”可知，由于 种不期而遇的碰撞可以改变人们的生命，也可以展现出人 麦加父亲的航班意外取消，由此迫使麦加独自乘坐 性中最善良的一面。 航班 1.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些时刻可能揭示了真 正的品格，通常是通过非凡英雄的善良和慷概的行为展 12.B考查形容词词义辩析。句意：他的祖母在他的背包 现出来的。A.created创造；B.revealed揭示：C.intro 里装满了糖果，让他不那么焦虑。A.guilty愧疚的；B. duced引l入；D.preserved保护。根据前文“There are mo- anxious焦虑的：C.sensitive敏感的；D.doubtful怀疑 ments when strangers'lives collide (by accident, 的。根据“He had never flown by himself before and and even though they may never see each other again, was very nervous.”可知，麦加从未独自做过航班，因此 they're changed forever.”以及后文“often through acts 祖母在其包中装满糖果不让他焦虑。 of kindness and generosity of unlikely heroes"可知，有时 13.C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们把麦加的英勇 候，陌生人的生活会因为偶然的碰撞而交错在一起，即 事迹告诉他的父母时，他们笑得合不拢嘴。A.modest 使他们可能永远不会再见面，他们也会永远改变。这些 谦虚的；B.ambitious有抱负的；C.heroic英勇的； 时刻通常是通过非凡荚雄的善良和慷慨的行为展现出 D.confident自信的。根据前文“Mecca dug deep into his 来的，可能揭示了真正的品格。 backpack,and 8 a Snickers.He then handed it to 2.A考查名次词义辨析。句意：不久以前，我也曾目睹过 the man.”可知，作者将麦加救助低血糖男人的英雄过 这样的时刻。A.witness目击者，亲历者；B.visitor访问 程告诉了麦加的父母。 者；C,match比赛；D.exception例外。根据后文“that 14.D考查名词词义辩析。句意：他们都很惊讶，麦加还 kind of moment'”以及后文的内容，可知此处表示作者也 存了一些糖果，在紧急情况下还能想到糖果。A.flight 是这个时刻的亲历者。 航班，B.operation手术；C.performance表演；D.emer