主题语境2 人与社会-【创新教程】2021-2025五年高考真题英语分类特训试卷

主题语境2人与社会 1.社会服务与人际沟通 [真题题组·实战集训] Passage1(2025全国二卷，A篇) 四个历史悠久、风景各异 题材 体裁 应用文 词数 270 建议用时 的英格兰小镇 难度：山 English Market Towns to Visit in the UK English market towns come in many shapes and sizes.Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries.But each town has more to do than shop. Hereford,Herefordshire Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189.Skirting the town square,you'll find lovely shops,eateries,and the Black and White House Museum.The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town.It's also home to an ancient library.One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. Ludlow,Shropshire Ludlow is known as the Foodie Center of England.Butcher shops,greengrocers,bakeries,and cheese shops line the town square.Bordering the square,the Ludlow Castle is a"must explore"me- dieval stronghold.The three-day Ludlow Food Festival is held each September. Shrewsbury,Shropshire Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety.The Riv- er Severn has a significant turn through town,almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway.Flowers are everywhere-hanging baskets,window boxes,and planters-just what you imagine in an attractive English market town. Mevagissey,Cornwall Even if you haven't been to the small fishing village Mevagissey,you've probably seen it in a movie or British TV show.The working harbor()took shape in 1774.Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets.Don't leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie.It's delicious. 21.Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta? A.In the Ludlow Castle. B.In the Foodie Center of England. C.In the Hereford Cathedral. D.In the Black and White House Museum. 22.What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Center? A.It's situated near a big island. B.It's almost surrounded by water. C.It's known for its flower festival. D.It's easily accessible from London. 23.What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey? A.Try the Cornish pie. B.Watch a British TV show. C.Go fishing in the sea. D.Take pictures of the harbor. 11 Passage2(2025全国二卷，C篇) 题材 室内植物在网上热卖 体裁说明文词数263建议用时7' 难度： When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants,she didn't have high hopes for it.But the opposite happened:She was flooded,shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year,Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants.Her success is just one example of in- creased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. "Plants are in fashion right now,"says Dr.Melinda Knuth,a researcher from the University of Florida."People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating,she says."Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think."Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol,the stress hormone(激素)in our body. "Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a class- room without plants,"says Knuth."This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30%decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich work- places.” If you're among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants,don't beat yourself up if one (or a few!)doesn't make it."Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sus- tain a plant.Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning.Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies,go get another one,"Detrinidad says. 28.How was Detrinidad's business when it started? A.It faced tough competition. B.It suffered a great loss. C.It got lots of financial support. D.It went surprisingly well. 29.What is one of Knuth's findings about plants? A.They appeal more to students. B.They purify the environment. C.They raise the cortisol level. D.They enhance productivity. 30.What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers? A.The necessity of social skills. B.The meaning of sustainability. C.The importance of repeated efforts. D.The value of professional opinions. 31.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Time to Replace Houseplants B.Plants Boost Your Mood C.Tips on Choosing Houseplants D.Plants Brighten Your Home 12 [真题题组·实战集训2] Passage3(2025北京卷，A篇) 题材青少年互动夏令营的相关信息体裁应用文词数 238 建议用时 6' 难度： Join us for TransForm,the interactive summer camp that helps you teens find your passion by participating in various activities and connecting with others. Experience TransForm TransForm allows you to get to focus on your chosen track through 整 subject matter talks,hands-on workshops,and off-site experiences.However,if you are unsure what track you want,you still get to explore any workshop you want as part of our Explore Work- shops.Besides,your parents will also be able to participate in workshops selected just for them to 数 learn about cutting-edge science. Schedule of Programming 17 July 18 July Time Activities Time Activities 14:00-15:00 Lead to Change Kick-off 9:30-11:00 Career Fireside Chats 15:00-16:30 Programme Showcase 13:00-14:15 Youth Panel 蜜 16:30-18:00 Track Workshops 14:15-16:20 Track Keynotes 棉 19 July 20 July Time Activities Time Activities 8:00-12:00 Off-site Experiences 9:00-11:15 Explore Workshops 13:00-15:00 Gallery Viewing 13:30-16:00 Keynote Speech 15:15-16:45 Adult Workshops 16:15-17:00 Celebration Programming Tracks 如 Agricultural Science:Introducing you to areas such as biology,urban farming,and environ- 翻 mental science so that you can explore the field of agriculture Community Booster:Guiding you to develop innovative solutions for real-world challenges and create transformative progress to benefit all communities Healthy Living:Empowering you to make healthy decisions in such areas as nutrition and emo- tional well-being,and lead healthy lifestyles Science Lab:Leading you to explore the skills you need to succeed in life in key areas like com- puter science,robotics,and physics 21.TransForm allows the teens to A.select workshops for their parents B.prepare track topics for the camp C.design programme activities D.attend hands-on sessions 22.According to the schedule,which activity can the teens participate in? A.Keynote Speech on 17 July. B.Youth Panel on 18 July. C.Celebration on 19 July. D.Programme Showcase on 20 July. 23.What can the teens do in the Programming Tracks? A.Build urban communities. B.Serve as guides on a farm. C.Learn about healthy living. D.Volunteer in a science lab. 13 Passage4(2025北京卷，C篇) 对看屏幕时间的争论，引出 题材 体裁 夹叙夹议文 词数 406 建议用时 对社会比较这一观念的思考 难度：l Not too long ago,on a cold winter night,there was a teenager who wanted more screen time and a parent who said no.The teenager was advocating for her right to scroll()for an extra 30 mi- nutes.The parent argued that none of her friends'parents let them have screens after 9 o'clock."I thought,in this family,we don't compare ourselves with other people,Dad?"the teenager replied. The parent-who was me,by the way-just got served.Since they were young,I have told my kids not to compare themselves with other people.I have argued countless times that comparisons are the“thief of joy”, Although my daughter didn't win,she did help expose one of the worst pieces of advice I have ever given.In my defence,I did what we've all done before,which is repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances.But now is the time to set the record straight,which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy. Social comparisons do,of course,often get us into emotional trouble.But they can be harnessed (for our betterment if we understand how they work.The social comparisons we make-ones that lead us to feel good or bad about ourselves-are vital to our ability to thrive ()Science provides a guide we can use to harness the way we perform these comparisons to reduce their negative emotional impacts. Comparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they have and you don't,or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these com- parisons as a source of motivation,for example,"If they can achieve that,so can I."Comparing yourself with someone who is doing worse than you could result in fear and worry if you think about how you could fall into similar circumstances,or it can draw out feelings of gratitude and appreciation if you use that comparison to broaden your views -for example,"Wow,things could be much worse;I'm doing great. What I wish I taught my daughter earlier are these nuances.How we feel about ourselves rests not just on whom we compare ourselves with but also on how we think about that comparison. That's something we all have control over. 28.How did the author feel about his daughter's argument? A.Excited. B.Inspired. C.Energized. D.Relieved. 29.What does the word "nuances"underlined in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A.Major achievements. B.Complex feelings. C.Significant impacts. D.Fine differences. 30.Which would be the best title for the passage? A.Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Become a Healthy Habit B.Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Strengthen Family Ties C.Social Comparisons Can Get Us into Emotional Trouble D.Social Comparisons Can Be Controlled by Science 14 [育题题组·实战集训3] Passage5(2025浙江1月卷，A篇) 题材图书馆之间相互借阅服务体裁 应用文词数 267 建议用时7'难度： Interlibrary Loan (ILL)provides teachers,students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries,as well as digitized copies of articles and book chap- ters from our collection. Who Can Borrow? Current students,teachers (including retired)and staff can request items through ILL.Interli- brary loan is not available to former students,guest borrowers or fee-card holders. How Long Does It Take? Articles are usually received within 1-2 days and books in 5-10 days.However,obtaining items that are rare,recently published or in high demand may take longer.To speed up the process,please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate. Length of Loans Loan periods are established by the lending library.All due dates are noted on the label.Bor- rowed items are subject to recall by the lending library.Any restrictions established by the lending li- brary will be indicated on the label.No renewals (are allowed for physical items borrowed through ILL. Notification/Delivery Options For a physical item,you will be notified by email when it arrives.Items are picked up at one of our libraries-the one you selected in the ILL Request Form.For an article or book chapter,you will be notified by email when it is available.To obtain the article or chapter,click on the link provided in the email and log into your ILL account.Once in your account,select Electronic Articles Received. Interlibrary Loan Fees Library Type Loan Cost Article/Chapter Cost Non-Profit Libraries $15 $10 For-Profit Libraries $20 $12 International Libraries $25 $15 21.Who can use the ILL service? A.Former students. B.Guest borrowers. C.Retired teachers. D.Fee-card holders. 22.What is a rule for borrowing a print book through ILL? A.Pay an extra fee for delivery. B.Renew it before the due date. C.Pick it up at the lending library. D.Return it when it is recalled. 23.How much do you pay for two articles obtained from an international library? A.$15. B.$20. C.S24. D.$30. 15 Passage6(2024北京卷，A篇) 题材 一项语言交流项目 体裁 应用文词数258建议用时6'难度： The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week.Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed.Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is effective.Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each. Requirements for completion: One welcoming session on the second Friday of the term 18 weekly one-hour pair meetings Weekly progress reports for all pair meetings At least three pair-teacher meetings One five-minute final video Sign up！ The sign-up and registration process is as follows: Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning. Based on the information entered by each student,potential pairs are identified. Proficiency (levels are confirmed through coursework or placement tests. Once a pair has been determined to be suitable,the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme. Reminders: Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate.Pairs are matched by languages of interest and proficiency levels.Since there are many fac- tors involved in the pairing process,not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme. 21.In the programme,students will A.chair daily meetings B.evaluate the exchange C.meet teachers each week D.practise their language skills 22.To complete the programme,students are required to A.develop placement tests B.participate in pair meetings C.welcome new students D.work on weekly videos 23.What do students need to do during the registration? A.Indicate their languages of interest. B.Select their own coursework. C.Make individual contact. D.Choose their partners. 16 [育题题组·实战集训4] Passage7(2024新课标Ⅱ卷，B篇) 旧金山湾区快速交通引 题材 体裁 说明文 词数 276 建议用时 7 入短篇故事自助服务亭 难度： Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read?Yes,we all have our phones,but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. Well,there's a kiosk()for that.In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least. “You enter the fare gates(检票口)and you'll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one- minute,a three-minute,or a five-minute story,"says Alicia Trost,the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit-known as BART."You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story. It's that simple.Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March.Some are classic short stories,and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders."We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,"Trost says."And as of right now, we've received about 120 submissions.The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist. Ridership on transit()systems across the country has been down the past half century,so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. "At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience.So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,"she says. And you'll never be without something to read. 24.Why did BART start the kiosk program? A.To promote the local culture. B.To discourage phone use. C.To meet passengers'needs. D.To reduce its running costs. 25.How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A.By popularity. B.By length. C.By theme. D.By language. 26.What has Trost been doing recently? A.Organizing a story contest. B.Doing a survey of customers. C.Choosing a print publisher. D.Conducting interviews with artists. 27.What is Trost's opinion about BART's future? A.It will close down. B.Its profits will decline. C.It will expand nationwide. D.Its ridership will increase. 17 Passage8(2023全国甲卷，A篇) 题材 曼谷的四个知名饭店 体裁 应用文词数 255 建议用时 :6 难度：， Where to Eat in Bangkok Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers.It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options.Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure. Nahm Offering Thai fine dining,Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary(experiences.It's the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the world's 50 best restaurants list.Head Chef David Thompson,who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name,opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010. Issaya Siamese Club Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai's first flagship Bangkok res- taurant.The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods. Bo.Ian Bo.Ian has been making waves in Bangkok's culinary scene since it opened in 2009.Serving hard- to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere,the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine's roots,yet still manages to add a special twist.This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with col- leagues who appreciate fine food.For those extremely hungry,there's a large set menu. Gaggan Earning first place on the latest "Asia's 50 best restaurants"list,progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues()to arrive in Bangkok in recent years.The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen,where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action.Culinary theater at its best. 21.What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common? A.They adopt modern cooking methods. B.They have branches in London. C.They have top-class chefs. D.They are based in hotels. 22.Which restaurant offers a large set menu? A.Gaggan. B.Bo.Ian. C.Issaya Siamese Club. D.Nahm. 23.What is special about Gaggan? A.It hires staff from India. B.It puts on a play every day. C.It serves hard-to-find local dishes. D.It shows the cooking process to guests. 18 [育题题组·实战集训5] Passage9(2023新课标I卷，A篇) 题材自行车租赁游览项目介绍 体裁 应用文词数196 建议用时 6' 难度： Bike Rental Guided Tours Welcome to Amsterdam,welcome to MacBike.You see much more from the seat of a bike!Cycling is the most economical,sustainable and fun way to explore the city,with its beautiful canals,parks, squares and countless lights.You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam. Why MacBike MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Am- sterdam.With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations,we make sure there is always a bike available for you.We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety,including bas- ic bikes with foot brake(刹车)，bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡)，bikes with child seats,and children's bikes. Prices Hand Brake,Three Gears Foot Brake,No Gears 1 hour €7.50 €5.00 3 hours €11.00 €7.50 1 day (24 hours) 614.75 c9.75 Each additional day €8.00 €6.00 Guided City Tours The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill,the Skinny Bridge,the Rijksmuseum,Heineken Brewery and much more.The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour,starting at 1:00 p.m.every day.You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online. 21.What is an advantage of MacBike? A.It gives children a discount. B.It offers many types of bikes. C.It organizes free cycle tours. D.It has over 2,500 rental shops. 22.How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days? A.c15.75. B.c19.50. C.c22.75. D.c29.50. 23.Where does the guided city tour start? A.The Gooyer Windmill. B.The Skinny Bridge. C.Heineken Brewery. D.Dam Square. 19 Passage10(2022全国乙卷，A篇) 题材 展览信息 体裁 应用文 词数 201 建议用时 6 难度： Henry Raeburn (1756-1823) The Exhibition This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter,Sir Henry Raeburn,comes to London.Selected from collections throughout the world,it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. Lecture Series Scottish National Portrait()Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room.Admission to lectures is free. Raeburn's English An Introduction to Raeburn Contemporaries Sunday 26 Oct.,15.00 Thursday 30 Oct., DUNCAN THOMSON 13.10 JUDY EGERTON Raeburn and Artist's Characters and Characterisation in Training in the Raeburn's Portraits 18th Century Thursday 6 Nov.,13.10 Thursday NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON 13Nov.,13.10 MARTIN POSTLE Exhibition Times Monday-Saturday 10.00-17.45 Sunday 12.00-17.45 Last admission to the exhibition:17.15.There is no re-admission. Closed:24-26 December and 1 January. Admission f4.Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free. Schools and Colleges A special low entrance charge of e2 per person is available to all in full-time education,up to and including those at first degree level,in organised groups with teachers. 21.What is the right time for attending Raeburn's English Contemporaries? A.Sun.26 Oct. B.Thurs.30 Oct. C.Thurs.6 Nov. D.Thurs.13 Nov. 22.How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission? A.￡4. B.￡8. C.￡12. D.￡16. 23.How can full-time students get group discounts? A.They should go on Sunday mornings. B.They should come from art schools. C.They must be led by teachers. D.They must have ID cards with them. 20详解详析 主题语境2人与社会 和学习的过程。要用心呵护它，但如果它枯菱了，就再 1.社会服务与人际沟通 养一株新的。')”可知，Detrinidad通过类比医生和律师 Passage 1 需要不断实践来强调“照顾植物需要反复尝试”。她认 [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了英国值得 为养植物失败是正常的，重要的是持续努力。由此推断， 一游的四个市场小镇及其特色和亮点。 她提到医生和律师是为了解释“重复努力的重要性” 2l.C细节理解题。根据Hereford,Herefordshire部分 3l.B主旨大意题。文章第一段以Detrinidad的成功为例 "The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive 引出室内植物行业的兴起，第二段至第三段通过Kut小h 的研究说明植物能通过降低皮质醇水平救善心情、提 building in town.It's also home to an ancient library. 升生产率，第四段战励人们尝试养植物。全文核心围 One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is 绕“植物对情绪和健康的积极影响”展开。选项B displayed there.(赫里福德大教堂是镇上最令人印象 深刻的建筑。它还拥有一座古老的图书馆，《大宪章》 “Plants Boost Your Mood(植物改善你的情绪)”最能概 括文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题 的四份原蛤副本之一便陈列于此。)”可知，在赫里福德 Passage 3 大教堂可以找到《大宪章》的原始副本 [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。介绍了青少年互动夏 22.B细节理解题。根据Shrewsbury,Shropshire部分中 令营TransForm的相关信息，包括活动体验，日程安排以 "The River Severn has a significant turn through town. 及课程方向等内容。 almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could 2l.D细节理解题。根据“Experience TransForm”部分 "TransForm allows you to get to focus on your chosen be shipped and received using the river as a highway. track through subject matter talks,hands-on work- (塞文河在流经小镇时出现一个明显的转弯，几乎将什 shops,and off-site experiences..(TransForm让你通过 鲁斯伯里镇中心变成一座孤岛。这种地形造就了一个 主題演讲、实践工作坊和实地体验，专注于你选择的方 绝佳的集市，在这里，人们可以借助这条河流作为运输 向。)”可知，TransForm允许青少年参加实践课程。故 通道来收发货物。)”可知，什鲁斯伯里镇中心几乎被水 选D。 包国。 22.B知节理解题。根据“Schedule of Programming”中的 23.A细节理解题。根据evagissey,Cornwall部分中 安排，18July的活动安排里有“13：00一14：15 Youth "Don't leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish Panel(13:00-14:15青少年小组讨论)”，所以青少年 pie,It's delicious.(离开港口前一定要尝尝传统的康 可以在18日参加青少年小组讨论活动。故选B。 沃尔馅饼。它很美味。)”可知，作者建议游客在梅瓦吉 23.C细节理解题。根据“Programming Tracks”部分 西一定要尝尝康沃尔馅饼。 "Healthy Living:Empowering you to make healthy de- Passage 2 cisions in such areas as nutrition and emotional well-be- T语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过Detrin- ing,and lead healthy lifestyles(使康生活：让你在营养 idad的创业经历和专家研究，说明室内植物对人们心理健 和心理健康等方面做出健康的决定，并引领健康的生 康和工作效率的积极影响，以及近年来居家趋势推动了室 活方式)”可知，青少年在Programming Tracks中可以 内植物产业的发展。 学习关于健康生活的知识。 28.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When Sonja Detrin Passage 4 idad opened her online shop selling houseplants,she [语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自 didn't have high hopes for it.But the opposite hap- 己和女儿关于能否延长看屏幕时间的争论，引出对社会比 pened:She was flooded.shipping out 1.200 orders in 较这一观念的思考，指出并非所有社会比较都不健康，若 June of2020aone,(当Sonja Detrinidad开设她的网店 理解其原理，可加以利用促进自我提升。 售卖室内植物时，她并没有抱太大的期塑。但结果却 28.B推理判断题。根据第二段“Although my daughter 恰洽相反：订单如潮水般涌来，仅在2020年6月就寄出 didn't win,she did help expose one of the worst pieces 了1200份订单。)”"可知，Sonja Detrinidad刚开始开网 of advice I have ever given..(虽然我女儿没有藏，但地 店卖室内植物时，并没有抱太大希望，但实际情况是订 确实蒂助揭露了我曾经给出的最糟糕的建议之一。)” 单很多，生意出奇地好。 以及后文作者对社会比较的重新思考可知，作者从女 29.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“·Students who are 儿的争论中得到了启发。 around plants perform better academically than students 29.D词句猜测题。根据第二段“In my defence,.Idid who are in a classroom without plants,'says Knuth. what we've all done before,which is repeat received .This produetivity also translates into the workplace for wisdom without exploring the nuances.But now is the adults.Our study showed that there was a 30%de- time to set the record straight,which starts with ques- crease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich tioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy. workplaces.’(Knuth表示：身处植物周固的学生，其 (为自己辩护一下，我做了我们所有人都做过的事，就 学业表现比在没有植物的教室里的学生更出色。这种 是重复那些大家都认可的观点，却没有探究其中的 效率提升同样适用于成年人的工作场合。我们的研究 。但现在是时候纠正这个规点了，首先要质疑所 显示，在植物丰富的工作环境中，人们的病假率降低了 有社会比较都是不健康的这一想法。)”可知，作者之前 30%。’)”可知，Knuth的研究发现，接触植物的学生学 只是重复普遍观，点，没有深入探究不同情况，现在要重 业表现更好，成年人在植物丰富的工作环境中生产率 新审视，所以“nuances”意思可能是“细微差别” 提高，病假率降低，因此，“植物能提升生产率”是她的 30,A主旨大意题。极据第三段“Social comparisons do, 发现之一 of course.often get us into emotional trouble.But they 30.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Doctors practice can be harnessed()for our betterment if we under- medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow stand how they work.(当然，社会比较常常会给我们 yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant.Tending 带来情感困扰。但如果我们了解其运作原理，就可以 to plants is an exercise in patience and learning.Be in- 利用它们来提升自我。)”，以及第四段“Comparing vested in taking care of it,but if it dies,go get another yourself with someone who is outperforming you could one,'Detrinidad says.(Detrinidad说：‘医生需要不断 result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they 实践医术，律师需要持续精进法律实务，而养护植物同 have and you don't,or it can be energizing and inspiring 样需要给自己练习的机会。照料植物是一种培养耐心 if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation 最新真题分类特训·英语 (如果你关注那些比你表现出色的人所拥有而你没有 25.B细节理解题。根据第三段“You choose which 的东西，与他们比较可能会导致嫉妒之情：但如果你将 length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short 这些比较作为动力来源，它也可以让你充满活力并受 soy.(你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似 到鼓鼻)”等内容，表明了社会比较并非全然有害，若运 收据的短篇故事。)”可知，信息亭中的故事按长度分 用得当可成为健康可惯，助力个人发展。所以选项A 类，乘客可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。 “与他人比较可以成为一种健康的习惯”为最佳标题。 26.A细节理解题。根据第五段的“We wanted to do Passage 5 something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area [语篇解读]这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了图书馆 to submit stories for a contest,(我们想微一些事情，呼 之间相互借阅服务的相关信息。 吁湾区的艺术家为比赛捉交故事。)”以及“The winning 21.C细节理解题。根据第二段“Current students, stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a teachers (including retired)and staff can request items published artist..(获奖故事会进入我们的信息亭，然后 throughⅡL.在校学生，教师（包括退休教师）和工作人 你就会成为一名出版艺术家。)”可知，Tost最近在组 员可以通过L请求借阅资料。”可知，退休老师可以 织一个故事竞赛，向湾区的艺术家征集故事，获胜作品 使用图书馆间借阀服务 将被放入售货亭供乘客阔读。 22.D细节理解题。根据第四段“Borrowed items are sub 27.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“‘At the end of the ject to recall by the lending library.(借阅的物品可能会 day all transit agencies right now are doing everything 被借出的图书馆召回。)”可知，通过I1I借阅纸质书的 they can to improve the rider experience.So I absolutely 规则是被借出的图书馆召回。 23.D细节理解题。根据表格中“International Libraries: think we will get more riders just because of short sto- Article,.Chapter Cost:$15(国际图书馆文章章节费 ries,’she says.(地说：‘归极结底，所有的交通机构现 用15美元)”可知，从国际图书馆获取两篇文章的费用 在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我鲍对认为， 是15×2=30美元 我们会因为短篇小说而吸引更多的乘客。)”可知， Passage 6 Tros1认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事阅读 [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项 服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量将会增加。 语言交流项目的基本情况以及它的要求，报名和注册流程 Passage 8 以及注意事项的相关信息。 [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。介绍了一些关于从哪 2l.D细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The Language Ex- 里开始你的更谷美食之旅的建议。 change Programme allows students in pairs to commu- 2l.C细节理解题。根据小标题Nahm下的段落中“Head nicate in two different languages they wish to share and Chef David Thompson,who received a Michelin star for learn each week.Students record short entries after each his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name, partner meeting noting the language skills practised and opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010. the topics discussed..(语言交流项目让学生们两人一 主厨大卫·汤普森(David Thompson)在伦敦的同名泰 组，每周用他们希望分享和学习的两种不同的语言进 国餐厅获得了米其林一星，他于2010年在大都会酒店 行交流。学生们在每次搭档会议后记录简短的条目， 开设了这家分店”以及小标题Issaya Siamese Club下的 指出所练习的语言技能和讨论的主题。)”可知，在这个 段落中“Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known 项目中，学生们将练习他们的语言技能。 Thai chef lan Kittichai's first flagship Bangkok restau- 22.B细节理解题。根据Requirements for completion部 rant.Issaya Siamese Club是国际知名的泰国厨师lan 分第二点“18 weekly one-hour pair meetingst(I8次每周 Kittichai的第一家曼谷旗舰餐厅，”可知，Nahm和Is 一小时的合作伙伴会议)”可知，为了完成该项目，学生 saya Siamese Club的共同之处是他们都有一流的厨师. 们被要求参加合作伙伴会议。 22.B细节理解题。根据小标题Bo.lan下的役落中“For 23.A细节理解题。根据Sign up!部分第一点“Students those extremely hungry there's a large set menu. sign up and indicate the languages they can share and 那些极度饥饿的人来说，这里有一份很大的套餐。”可 languages they are interested in learning..(学生们报名 知，Bo.lan提供大型套餐 参加并表明他们可以分享的语言以及他们有兴趣学习 23.D细节理解题。根据小标题Gaggan下的段落中“The 的语言。)”可知，学生们在注册期间需要表明他们感兴 best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a 趣的语言。 window right into the kitchen,where you can see chef Passage 7 Gaggan and his staff in action,在这座两层殖民时期的 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要报道了旧金山湾 泰国住宅中，最好的桌子有一扇通往厨房的窗户，在那 区提运系统(BART)推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服 务，旨在满足乘客阅读需求，提升出行体验，TOst认为此 里你可以看到Gaggan厨师和他的员工在工作。”可知， 举措能吸引更多乘客，对BART的未来持乐观态度，预期 Gaggan的特别之处是它向客人展示了烹饪过程。 乘客量将会增长。 Passage 9 24.C推理判断题。根据第三段“·You enter the fare [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯 gates(检票口)and you'll see a kiosk that is lit up and 特丹租赁自行车和进行带导游的城市之旅的相关信息。 it tells you can get a one-minute,a three-minute,or a 21.B推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We offer the newest five-minute story,'says Alicia Trost,the chief commu- bicycles in a wide variety,including basic bikes with nications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid foot brake(刹车)，bikes with hand brake and gears(排 Transit-known as BART.'You choose which length 挡)，bikes with child seats,and children's bikes.我们 you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story. 提供种美繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚制的基本自行 (旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART)首席通讯官Alicia Tro 车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和 st表示：·你进入检票口，会看到一个亮着灯的信息亭， 儿童自行车，”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类 它告诉你可以得到一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的故事。 型的自行车。 你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个葵似收据的 22.C细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一柄带手制和三 短篇故事。)”可知，BART启动信息亭是为了满足乘 档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8 客在乘车过程中的阅读需求，为他们提供不同长度的 欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要 短篇故事或诗歌来打发时间。 14.75+8=22.75欧元。 详解详析 23.D细节理解题，根据文章最后一段“The tour departs 2.文学、艺术与体育 from Dam Square every hour on the hour.starting at Passage 1 I:00p.m.every day.旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发， [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者 每天下午1点开始。”可知，带导游的城市之旅从大坝广 作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生写作 场开始。 动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事 Passage 10 24.D细节理解题。根据第一段中“In my ninth-grade [语篇解读]这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了为纪念苏格兰最 writing class last year.I met a cowboy who saved his 受欢迎的画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士进行的展览的相关情况 town,a strict father who demanded his son earn 2l.B细节理解题。根据表格右上角Raeburn's English straight A's,and a modern-day Juliet who died of Contem poraries部分“Thursday30Oct.(10月30日星 heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her 期四。)”可知，在10月30日星期四可以去参加 young life.More than once.I found myself wondering Raeburn's English Contem poraries. just how my students,who'd created these people, 22.B细节理解题。根据Admission部分“￡L.Children knew their subjects so well,.(去年，在我九年级的写作 under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted 课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求 ree.(4英镑。12岁以下儿童在一位成人陪同下克费 儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的 入场。)”可知，一对夫妇应付4十4=8英镑，两个12岁 朱丽叶一一因父母反对她年少的爱情而心碎高世。不 以下的儿童在成人陪同下免费，即入场费为8英势。 止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究 23.C细节理解题。根据最后一段“A special low en- 竞是如何如此深请他们笔下的角色的。)”可知，这里提 trance charge of t2 per person is available to all in full- 到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在 time education,up to and including those at first degree 写作中创造出来的虚构人物 level,in organised groups with teachers,.(所有全日制 25.D推理判断题。根据第二段中“Most of the essays 教育的学生，高至并包括那些学士学位水平的学生，在 filled less than one page,and few contained a sentence 有教师的组织团体中，均可享受每人2英镑的特别低 that could be interpreted as a thesis(论，点)statement,.I 入场费。)”可知，全日制学生在有教师的组织田体中， was shocked.Then I realized that the problem was the 可以茨得折扣，即他们必须由教师带领。 question itself.They could have written pages on the Passage 11 necessity of computers,but writing.in and of itself. [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Car simply didn't strike them as important,.(大多数文章篇 dif当地的一些剧院和娱乐场所。 幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论，点的句子。我 21.D细节理解题。根据文章“St David'sHll”部分中的 感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本 "St David's Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms 可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本 Cardiff.(St David's Hall是Cardiff一年一度的Welsh 没让他们觉得重要。)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文 Proms的举办地。)”可知，Cardiff的Welsh Proms活动 时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感 在St David's Hall举办。 兴趣。 22.B细节理解题。根据文章“The Glee Club”部分中的“If 26.B词句猜测题。根据第三段中“The results were you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant staggering.The students took on diverse topics and live music,you should start here.(如果你正在寻找巡演中 turned in stories.10 to 20 pages each,with characters 最好的喜剧和精彩的现场音乐，你应该从这里开始。)”可 that broadened my view and touched my heart.(结果是 知，人们可以在The Glee Club享受喜刷. staggering。学生们进取了多样的主题，交上来的故事 23.A细节捏解题。根据文章“New Theatre'”部分中的“Thg 每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野， New Theatre has been the home of quality drama,musicals. 也触动了我的心。)”可知，学生们写出了内容丰富、打 dance and children's shows for more than 100 years.(100g 动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。stagge心r 年来，New Theatre一直是优质戏刷、音乐家、舞蹈和儿童 ing意为“令人震惊的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing(惊 节目的发源地。)”以及其下面的网站“www.newthe 人的)”语义一致。 atrecardiff.co.uk”可知，可以在www,newtheatrecardiff.co. 27.A推理判断题。根据最后一段“I walked into class believ uk网站找到Cardiff存在最久的剧院。 ing that writing is important as a means of communication. Passage 12 However,my students demonstrated something more impor- 「语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章提供了关于儿童 tant to me.When the final bell rang in June.I walked 博物馆团体游的相关信息。 away with a yearbook full of messages about writing's l.C翎节理解题。根据Scholarships标题下“We offer most powerful significance-the ability to connect peo- scholarships to low-income schools and youth organiza- ple,to put us in another's skin.to teach us what it tions,subject to availability.Participation in a post-visit means to be human,(我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种 survey is required.(我们会视情况而定，为低收入学校和 交流方式至关重要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重 青年组织提供奖学金，并需要其参与访问后的调查问 要的东西。当六月的下课龄响起时，我带着一本满是 卷。)”可知，如果一个团体获得了奖学金，需要再参与一 留言的年鉴离开一这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意 个访问后的调查问卷，与选项C“Take a survey after the 义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为 visit.(接受参观后的问卷调查。)”属于同义替换。 人类的真谛。)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教 2.C细节理解题。根据“Group Size'”标题下“We require 学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟到写作 one chaperone(监护人)per ten children,(我们要求每十 的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选 个孩子有一个监护人。)”可知，10个孩子需要1个监护 项A“Teaching is learning.(教学相长.)"符合文中描述 人，那么30个孩子则需要3个监护人 的作者通过教学获得的断认识。 3.D细节理解题。根据“Guidelines”标题下“Children are Passage 2 not allowed unaccompanied in all areas of the Museum. 语篇解读]这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个成 (无人陪伴的儿童不得进入博物馆的所有区域。)”可知， 为国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求。 儿童必须在监护人陪伴下才能进入博物馆，即儿量不能 2l.B知节理解题。根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分中 单独进入博物馆进行探索。与选项D“Exploring the "The 4-Week Learning Sprint,which will take place place alone..(独自探索博物馆。)”属于同义替换。 during November 2023.is a virtual learning pro- 最新真题分类特训·英语 gramme.The sessions can be attended live or watched 22.A细节理解题。由“Light Awash in Watercolor”部分 back after they are made available on the IOC channel. 中的“Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used (为期4周的学习冲刺是一个虚拟学习计划，将于2023年 by artists”可知，“Light Awash in Watercolor”这个活动 11月进行。这些会议可以现场观看，也可以在C频道播 涉及绘画技巧的实践和体脸。如果你对绘画感兴趣， 出后观看。)”可知，在为期四周的学习冲刺中，参与者将参 可以选择这个活动。 加虚拟学习课程。故选B。 23.B细节理解题。由“Spineless Artists:Invertebrate Cre- 22.C细节理解题。根据4-Week Learning Sprint郎分中 ativity”部分中“，，while making your own spineless "After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning artists out of craft materials.”可知，Javier Marin的活 Sprint,you will need to submit a plan for a sport-based 动包括用手工艺材料制作无春椎动物。因此，可以确 project.which you will work on if selected as an I0C 定你可以和Javier Marin一起制作手工艺品. Young Leader.(在成功完成为期4周的冲刺学习后， Passage 5 您需要提交一份以体育为基础的项目计划，如果您被 [语篇解读]文章主要讲述了如何续写故事结尾，国绕文 选为国际奥委会青年领袖，您将参与其中。)”可知，如 学作品结尾的剑作进行探讨，为学生平时欣赏文学作品和 果被选为国标奥委会青年领袖，需要做一个以运动为 开展写作练习提供了有益建议。 基础的项目。故速C。 32.A细节理解题。由第一段内容可知，作者在大学三年 23.B细节理解题。根据Requirements for the Applicants 级时正在进行一项关于雏多利亚文学的独立研究，并 部分中“You have at least one year of work experience,. 刚刚读完乔治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》。他去 (你至少有一年的工作经验，)”可知，对申请人的要求 找教授讨论小说的结局。 是至少一年工作经验。故选B. 33.C推理判断题。由第二段内容可知，作者在教授的启 Passage 3 发下意识到，不同类型的文学作品有其特有的结局。 [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍由马克·吐 如果想要读一个结局保证是幸福的，就读爱情小说：如 温的作品所改编的音乐刷《汤姆·索亚：河流冒险记》。 果想要一个猜不出的结局，就读悬疑小说。每种类型 21.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“1 tis adapted by Joe 的文学作品都有其独特的结局 McDonough,with music by David Kisor.(本剧由乔· 34.B细节理解题。由第三段内容可知，一个好的结局需 麦克多诺政编，大卫·基索作曲。)”可知，本剧是由大 要平衡创造性和不可预测性，司时又不能显得突兀，还 卫·基索作曲的。 22.C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Turner,a10th 需要符合角色的发展。 35.B推理判断题。由第四段内容可知，作者提到Peter grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts.is a Mountford和Elizabeth Sims是为了说明本期Vriter's familiar presence on Cincinnati's stages.He is a star ac- Digs1杂志的主题，即帮助读者了解如何写出一个好 tor of Children's Theatre,having played leading roles in 'The Legend of Sleepy Hollow'and 'The Wizard of 的结尾 Oz',and is fresh from Jersey Production 'Ragtime'. Passage 6 (Turner是一名创意与表演艺术学校的10年级学生， [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。作者在13岁时开蛤喜欢 是辛辛那提舞台上的常客。他是儿童剧院的明星演员， 哲学，随后Weiner的书The Socrates E.r press重新唤起了 曾在《断头谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中把任主角，也是新译 作者对哲学的热爱。文章通过介绍了The Socrates E.r 西制作公司‘Ragtime'的新成员。)”可知，Turner是辛辛那 press这本书，倡导读者花时间去读这太书。 提舞台上的常客，儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《断头谷的传 28.C细节理解题。根据第一段“I was about 13 when an 说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角：根据第五段中的“MC uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's Math is a junior at Beechwood High School.He was in World.It was full of ideas that were new to me,so I the cast of Tom Sawyer'when it was first performed spent the summer with my head in and out of that and is a Children's Theatre regular,with five shows to book.It spoke to me and brought me into a world of his credit.(Me Math是比奇伍德高中的三年级学生 philosophy(哲学).我13岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一 他是《汤姆·索亚》首演时的演员，也是儿童剧院的常 本Jostein Gaarder的《苏菲的世界》。书里面的观，点对 客，演出了五场。)”可知，McMath也是儿童刷院的常 我来说都很新奇，所以我整个夏天都在钻研那本书。 客：综合以上信息可知，这两位演员在舞台上经验 它对我说话，把我带入一个哲学的世界.”可知，Jos1cin 丰富。 Gaarder为作者打开了道往哲学的大门。 23.D朝节理解题。.根据尾段中的“Note to teachers: 29.D推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weiner starts each Children's Theatre has a study guide demonstrating chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and how math and science can be taught through 'Tom then frames each philosopher's work in the context Sawyer'.For downloadable lessons,visit the official of one thing they can help us do better.The end re- website of Children's Theatre,(给老师们的提示：儿童 sult is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates. 测院有一份学习指南，展示了如何通过《汤姆·索亚》 see like Thoreau,listen like Schopenhauer,and have no 教授数学和科学。如欲下载课程，请访问儿童刷院官 regrets like Nietzsche,Weiner在每一章的开头都描述 方网站。)”可知，儿童剧院为教师提供了一份学习指 了一个在城市之间火车旅行的场景，然后将每一位哲 南，展示如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学，可通 学家的著作柜定在一个他们能够帮助我们做得更好的 过儿童剧院的网站下载课程：由此可知，儿童剧院为教 事情上。最终的结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底一样 师提供了教育资源。 思考，像梭罗一样看，像叔本华一样听，像尼采一样没 Passage 4 有遗憾。”可知，作者在第四段开头描写了Weiner书的 [语篇解读]本文介绍了集表演、艺术展览、艺术制作等 内容，接着作者通过列举了几位伟大的哲学家来描写 活动为一体的艺术节，引导学生走进画廊和博物馆，培养 读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西·由此可推知，作 审美情趣，提高艺术品味。 2l.C细节理解题。由第一段中“We look forward to wel- 者列举了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解 Weiners的书。 coming you as we showcase the creativity of the Har 30.B细节理解题。根据第四段中“This,more than a vard arts community through performances.art exhibi- tions and art--making activities.”可知，ARTS FIRST艺 book about understanding philosophy,is a book about 术节展示了哈佛艺术社区的创造力，通过表演，艺术展 learning to use philosophy to improve a life.这不仅仅是 览和艺术创作活动等多种形式呈现。因此，可以确定 一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习运用哲学 它是一个展示娱乐活动的艺术节。 来改善生活的书。”可知，作者喜欢The Socrates Ex prss这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中 详解详析 3l.D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He makes philo "In spring,the snow was replaced by mud over ice. sophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the (在春天，雪被泥替代覆益在冰上。)”可知，女孩们的生 quality of our experiences,and he does so with plenty 活条件非常艰苦，地们饱受磨难 of humor.他使哲学思想成为一种有吸引力的练习，可 26.C加节理解题。根据例数第二段“A hair-raising sec 以提高我们体验的质量，而且他在做这件事的时候充 tion concerns the building of the railroads,which en- 满了幽默感。”可知，Weiner的书很幽默，根据最后一段 tailed drilling through the Rockies,often in blinding "The Socrates Erpress is a fun,sharp book that snowstorms.(令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关， draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually 这涉及到在令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。)”可 pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire,loneliness,and ag- 知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一 ing.The Socrates Express是一本有趣而尖锐的书，它以其 部分是令人毛骨荣然的。 表面上的简单吸引肴读者，并逐渐将他们拉进对欲望、孤 27,B推理判断题，根据倒数第二段“The book ends with 独和衰老的深层思考中，”可知，Weiner的书简单易懂，由 Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn.(这本书以 此可知，Weiner的书既幽默又苟单易懂 Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。)”以及最后一段 Passage 7 "Wickenden is a very good storyteller.The sweep of the [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印刷 land and the stoicism of the people move her to some 书暮和阅读对人英的重要意义。 beautiful writing,(Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的 28.A推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句 人，大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使地创作出了一些美丽的 作品。)”可知，本文简要介绍了Vickenden的书籍内容，并 可知，本文主要是对这本书的内容的介绍。故推知，本 对其进行了评价，所以文太是一篇书评 文最有可能摘自书的序言。 29.C细节理解题。通过文章第二段“.·artworks are Passage 9 [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了文学概论 selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these 课程评分办法。 connections between different eras and cultures.We see 21l.C推理判断题。根据文章标题“Grading Policies for scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, Introduction to Literature(文学概论课程评分办法)” with the book as a focus for relations between the gen- erations,艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和 和Essays(60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this 文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学可 course(你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部 阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点。”可知， 分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出 选定的艺术品是关于书籍和阅读的。 本文是出自一个课程计划。 30.A词义猜别题。根据划线词上文“.，，artworks are 22.B细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays(60%)”、 selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these “Group Assignments(30%)”和“Daily Work/n-Class connections between different eras and cultures.We see Writings and Tests Groups Work/Homework (10%)" scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, 可知，学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。 with the book as a focus for relations between the gen- 23.A推理判断题。根据“1 ate Work”部分“If it is not turned erations.艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和 in by the 4th day after the due date,it will earn a zero. 文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习 果没有在裁止日期后的第4天上交，将会得到零分。)”可 阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间联系的焦点。”以及 知，如果在戴止日期后一周才交文章，你将会得零分 "These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years Passage 10 ago,but they record moments这些场景可能是数百年前 [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当今世 绘制的，但它们记录了一些时刻。”可推知，此处指书籍是 界上最大的体育场馆。 人类之间相互联系和理解的纽带，故与划线短语“relate 21.D细节理解题。题千定位：根据题干可以定位到文章 【o”意思最相近的为A项“理解，认识到”。 第一段。根据第一段中的“However,that was small fry 3l.A推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“it remains as in compared with the city's Circus Maximus,which accom- teractive as any battery-powered e-reader它仍然像任何 modated around250,0O0 people,."可知，Circus Maxi 电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性”以及“，… mus能容纳大约25万人。 printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private. 22.C细节理解题。题千意为：下面哪个是最古老的体有 ‘of-line'activity.印刷书籍仍然提供了完全私人的‘离 场？根据文中每一个体宵馆中所涉及的开放时间能判 线’活动的机会。”可推知，本文作者提到电子阅读器想 断出来，正确答案为C项。因为Ohio Stadium开放的 表达的是印刷书籍并没有完全过时。 时间是1922年10月7日 Passage 8 23.A细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“All these sta- [语篇解读]这是一篇议论文。本文简要介绍了Dorothy diums are still functional,still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.”可知，所有这些体育场 Wickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。 馆仍然在运转，仍然开放，并且仍然举办世界体育界最 24.A细节理解题。根据第一段“1n1916,two girls of 大的赛事。故正确答案为A项，意思是“这些体有馆举 wealthy families,best friends from Auburn,N.Y.- 办大型比赛。” Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood-traveled to a 误解分析：有些可学会误选B项“它们已经成为旅游聚 settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room 点”，显然是错误地理解了文章中“not to mention the schoolhouse,(1916年，来自组约奥本市的两个富裕家 modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a com- 庭的女孩—Dorothy Woodruff和Rosamond Under- fortable seat”的意思，这里指的是“更不用说现代体有 wO0d一来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在只有一个房 迷对好风景和舒适座位的渴望 间的学校教书。)”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山 [难句分析] 脉是为了去学校里教书。 原文：Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each;gone are 25.D推理判断题。根据第三段“They moved in with a the days of thousands standing to watch the match. local family,the Harrisons,and,like them.had little 译文：即使是足球迷也倾向于每个人都有座位：成千上万 privacy,rare baths,and a blanket of snow on their quilt 的人站着观看比赛的日子已经一去不复返了 when they woke up in the morning.(他们和一个当地家 分析：此句用分号连接，第二个分句中使用了完全倒装结 庭，哈里森一家一起搬进去，和他们一样，几乎没有隐 构，正常的语序是the days of thousands standing to watch 私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。)”以 the match are gone。 最新真题分类特训·英语 Passage 11 31,A主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“We [语篇解读]主题语境：人与自我一—翻谱员。本文是记 invest a lot in roads that help us rush through,but we 叙文，介绍了一个特殊的职业一翩谱员，即钢琴表演时， fail to account for the true costs.Do we really recognise 在钢琴家旁边朝页的人。 what it costs us as a society when children can't move 24.A 推理判断题。考查考生推理判断的能力。根据第三 safely around our communities?(我们在帮助我们快速 段的内容“make sure you find the repeats in the music when 通过的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真 you have to go back to the right spot”可推知，翩谱员需要 正的成本。我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我们的社 会识语，这样才能翻到正确的位置。 区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代 25.C推理判断题。考查考生推理判断的能力。根据第 价吗？)”可推知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽 四段的“requires plenty of practice"“require up to50 视行人需求的现象，A项“Why the Rush?(为何匆 page turns'”可判断，翻谱员在台上的工作并不轻松，既 匆？)”质问“rush through(匆匆通行。)”的规划里念，契 需要会识谱，又需要集中注意力，还需要及时翩谱。可 合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。 见这份工作的要求之高。故C项正确。 Passage 2 26.B细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物浪费 能力。根据第四段最后一句“Silent onstage communi- 问题，并以组约一家餐厅的短期实验项目“wastED”为例， cation is key,and each pianist has their own style of 该餐厅通过创意改造本该被丢弃的食材制作莱品，以此提 'nodding'to indicate a page turn which they need to 高人们对可持续饮食的关注 practise with their page turner.”可知，Titterton需要练 32.A推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Maybe that feel- 可并熟悉钢琴家在台上暗示翻语的方式，培养彼此的 ing comes from growing up in South Africa where the 默契 phrase 'there are children starving in Africa'was more 27.D推理判断题。考查考生推理判断的能力。根据最 of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at 后一段Raspopova女士的话“He's interested in the dinner time.(这种感觉或许源于在南非的成长经 music,feeling every note,and I have to say:'Turn. 历 一在那里，·非洲还有孩子在挨饿’这句话与其说 urn!'”可推知，地的丈夫沉浸在音乐中，忘记了翻谱，即 是晚餐时的新祷，不如说是对现实令人不安的提醒。)” 忘记了自己在台上的工作。 可知，作者在南非长大，那里有孩子挨饿是事实，由此 3.历史、社会及文化 可推断作者早年目睹了食物短缺的情况。 Passage I 33.B细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Each dish was [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方 tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. 城市过度国绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下降，尤其是儿童 (每道菜都是量身定制的，以提高人们对食物浪数的认 识。)”可知，Blue Hill餐厅进行这个实验，将菜单改为 步行减少的现象，并通过历史策例和现快分析呼吁反思街 只提供原本会被扔掉的食物，是为了提高公众对食物 道功能，重视城市宜居性。 28.C翻节理解题。根据文章第一段“While safety im 浪费的认识。 34.C主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“It should be noted provements might have been made to our streets in re- that none of the items on wastED's menu was technical- cent years,transport studies also show declines in pe- ly made from garbage.Instead,all the ingredients destrian()mobility,especially among young chil- #used were examples of meat cuts and produce that dren.Many parents say there's too much traffic on the most restaurants would never consider serving.Things roads for their children to walk safely to school.so they pack them into the car instead.(虽然近年来我们的街道 like kale ribs,fish collars,rejected sweet potatoes,and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and.with the 可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流 help of a number of good chefs,turned into excellent 动性下降，尤其是少年儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通 cuisine..(值得注意的是，从技术上讲，wastED的菜单 太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩 上没有一项是由垃圾制成的。相反，所有使用的食材 子塞进车里。)”可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减 都是大多数餐馆永远不会考虑供应的肉类部位和农产 少、开车增多。 品。羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红暮和黄瓜蒂等东 29.A推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Most famously,a 西都被重新利用，在许多优秀厨师的助力下，变成了美 Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Man- 味的菜肴。)”可知，本段主要介绍了wsED菜单上的 hattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the de- 菜品所用的配料，如羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红 struction of her local park.Describing her alarm at its 薯和黄瓜蒂等，所以本段主要讲的是这些莱有是由什 proposed replacement with an expressway.Jane Jacobs 么做成的。 called on her mayor(市长)to champion·New York as a 35.A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Though wastED decent place to live,and not just rush through.’(最著 received enthusiastic reviews,it was designed from the start 名的是，一位加拿大记者在20世纪50年代初举家迁往 as a short-lived experiment:Blue Hill has since re- 曼哈颜，她领导了一场阻止当地公国被毁的运动。在 turned to its regular menu.(尽管wastED餐斤收获了 描述她对用高速公路取代公国的提议感到震惊时，Jane 热烈的评价，但它从一开始就被设计为短期实验项目： Jacobs呼吁她的市长捍卫·纽约作为适宜居住的地方， 此后，B引e Hil山餐厅已回归常规菜单，)”可知，wastED 而不仅是匆匆穿过的通道。’)”可推知，加拿大记者和 从一开始就被设计为短期实验，现在餐厅已恢复常规 其他运动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。 莱单，从而推断，实脸项目“wastED”已经按计划结 30.B推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Although 束了。 these campaigns were widespread,the reality is that the Passage 3 majority of the western cities were completely rede- [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了个人 signed around the needs of the motor car.The number 故事与自我认同、幸福感之间的关系及如何改变个人 of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly.(尽管这些 故事。 运动很普遍，但现实是大多数西方城市完全国绕汽车 31.C细节理解题。根据第三段中“People with more 需求重新设计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅逮增 consistent stories tend to have a stronger sense of iden 加。)”可推知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的 tity,and they feel their life has more meaning.direction 活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。 and sense of purpose.Such people show greater overall 详解详析 life satisfaction,too.(拥有更一致故事的人往往有更 musical battles.Because arguing angrily leads to chaos, 强的身份认同感，他们觉得自己的生活更有意义、更有 it was strongly discouraged.With life in the unforgiving 方向、更有目标感。这样的人总体上对生活的满意度 Northern Canada being so demanding,the Inuit's prac- 也更高。)”可知，个人故事与幸福感相关。 tical approach to morality made good sense,(在这里，规 32.C推理判断题。根据第五段中“She says that Western 范是不成文的，很少明确表达，但被很好地理解和铭 culture already pushes people to look for the silver lin- 记。不赞成不诚实和暴力行为：领导、婚拥以及与其他 ing behind every cloud(她说，西方文化已经促使人们 群体的互动都受到传统的松散控制。冲突往往通过音 在每一片鸟云背后寻找一线希望。)”可知，西方倾向于 乐斗争来解决。因为演怒的争论会导致混乱，所以被 过度重视乐观主义。 强烈反对。在无情的加拿大北部，生活的要求如此之 33.D推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“The 高，因纽特人对待道德的务实态度很有道理。)”可知， call to 'know yourself'has been there since ancient 因纽特人的生活中，规范是不成文的，因组特人的道德 times.but our sense of self doesn't always match what 准则的形成是以社会传统为基础的。 others perceive.Considering the stories we tell about 33.B细节理解题。根据第二段“These universal norms ourselves can help us to change our minds for better. far pre-date the concept of any moralising religion or (‘认识你自己’这一呼呼自古便有，但我们对自己的认 written law.Instead,they are rooted in the similarity of 知并不总是与他人对我们的看法相吻合。思考我们讲 basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for 述的关于自己的故事，能帮助我们以更好的方式改变 learning and problem solving,(这些普遍规范远远早于 自己的想法，)”和第二段中“Then,in the1980s,Bo 任何道德化宗教或成文法律的概念。相反，它们植根 Johnson created the life story model of identity,in 于人类基本需求的相似性以及我们学习和解决问题的 which he proposes that,as we go through life,these 共同机制。)”可知，普遍的道德规范植根于人类基本需 core features are built in with our memories to create a 求的相似性以及我们学习和解决问题的共同机制，即 personal story through which we understand our lives. 人类的基本需求导致普遍的道德规范形成。 (然后，在20世纪80年代，鲍勃·约输进创造了身份的 34.D主旨大意题.极据第一段“Franz Boas's description 生活故事模型，他提出，在我们的一生中，这些核心特 of Inuit(因纽特人)life in the 19 th century illustrates 征与我们的记忆一起构建了一个个人故事，我们通过 the probable moral code of early humans..(弗朗兹·t博 这个故事来理解我们的生活，)”和第四投中“Johnson 厄斯对19世纪因组特人生活的猫述说明了早期人类可 has also investigated the link between well-being and 能的道德准则。)”以及文章内容可知，本文围绕人类道 certain story themes..(约輸逊还研究了幸福感与某些 德规范的起源进行讨论，主要介绍了早期人类道德准 故事主题之间的联系。)”可知，文章主要阐述了个人故 则的形成过程及其如何根植于人类基本需求及共同的 事与自我认同、幸福感之间的关系，并举例说明了如何 社会学习和问题解决机制中，所以“道德的起源”适合 通过改变个人故事来影响自我认同和幸福感，因此作 作为文章标题 者主要是在阐述一种方法 Passage 5 34.A主旨大意题。根据尤其是由文章第一段“The call [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述美国兽医成 to 'know yourself'has been there since ancient times. 廉·法伯(William Farber)在从针灸中受益后，将整体医学 but our sense of self doesn't always match what others 疗法应用于动物疾病，并取得了显著成效并具有发展 perceive.Considering the stories we tell about ourselves 前景。 can help us to change our minds for better.('认识你自 24.A细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little 己'这一呼吁自古便有，但我们对自己认知并不总是与 defensive,it might be because even some of his cowork- 他人对我们的看法相吻合。思考我们讲述的关于自己 ers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.(如果他 的故事，能帮助我们以更好的方式改变自己的想法。)” 看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会 和第二段中“Then,in the1980s,Bob Johnson created 嘲笑他不寻常的方法。)”可知，Farber的同事们有时会 the life story model of identity,in which he proposes 嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪 that,as we go through life,these core features are built 25,C细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupunc in with our memories to create a personal story through ture.an ancient Chinese practice,and was amazed that he which we understand our lives.(然后，在20世纪80年 improved after two or three treatments.What worked on a 代，鲍勃·约翰逊剑造了身份的生活故事模型，他提 veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.So.after 出，在我们的一生中，这些核心特征与我们的记忆一起 studying the techniques for a couple of years,he began offer 构建了一个个人故事，我们通过这个故事来理解我们 ing them to pets..(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中 的生活，)"和第四段中“Johnson has also investigated 国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好 the link between well-being and certain story themes. 转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在 (约翰透还研究了幸福感与某些故事主题之间的联 研究了这些技术几年后，他开给把它们提供给宠物。)”可 系。)”可知，全文国绕“个人生活故事如何构建自我认 知，Farber作为患者从针炎中受益，这促使他决定尝试 知并影响幸福感”展开，分析了其形成、作用及相关研 在宠物上使用针灸」 究。“How self--identity works..(自我认同是如何运作 26,D主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale'sdog 的。)”特合题意 Charlie had a serious heart condition.After Charlie had Passage 4 a heart attack,Tindale says,she was prepared to put [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要围绕人类道德规 him to sleep,but Farber's treatments eased her dog's 范的起源进行讨论，介绍了早期人类道德准则的形成过程 suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive 及其如何根植于人类基本雪求及共同的社会学习和问题 for an additional five months.And Priscilla Dewing re- 解决机制中。 ports that her horse,Nappy,'moves more easily and 32.C推理判断题。根据第一段“Here,norms(规范) rides more comfortably'after a chiropractic adjust- were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly,but were ment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理惠有严重的心胜病。廷代 well understood and taken to heart.Dishonest and vio- 尔说，查理心脏病发作后，地准备让他进入睡眠状态， lent behaviours were disapproved of;leadership,mar 但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的骗苦，她能够让它 riage and interactions with other groups were loosely 多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告 governed by traditions.Conflict was often resolved in 说，她的马钠皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，·行动更 最新真题分类特训·英语 容易，骑起来更舒服’。)”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例 刷品中无法获得的资源时。然而，为了在需要精力集 子，一个是Farber通过整体医学疗法帮助了患有严重 中和反思的情况下最大限度地学习，教有工作者不应 心脏病的狗Charlie,.另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按 假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的文 摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说 字。)”可知，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中有一 明整体医学疗法的有效性。 定作用，但当需要精力集中和反思以最大化学习时，教 27.A推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain 育者不应假定所有某体都是相同的，即使它们包含相 that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time. 同的文字。这表明作者认为纸质文本在教育中的作用 and if the past is any indication,he may be right:Since 仍然不可替代，因此暗示纸质文本在教育中的重要性。 1982,membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Passage 7 Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. [语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。随着手机的普及，电话亭 伯确信，随着时间的推移，整体医学疗法会越来越受欢 渐渐地被人们遗忘，作者家附近的最后一个电话亭被改造 迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的：自1982 成了“迷你图书馆”，作者偶然发现那里有很多不错的免费 年以来，美国整体兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到 书蕃，这让作者觉得很棒。 700多个。)”可知，法伯认为整体医学疗法会越来越受 24,B诃义猜测题。根据第一段第五句“I was conducting 欢迎，随后作者列举了美国整体兽医协会的会员已经 auditions(试演)for my play in my tiny old shared 从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽 house in I.ondon.(我当时在伦敦我那狭小的合租房子 医协会是为证明法伯的观点。 里为我的测本进行试演。)”可知，此处是指使“我”的合租 Passage 6 房看起来更“年轻专业”一点，所以t代指“合租房” [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了纸质书阅 25.A细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“So,I called D 读与数宇阅读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果。 rectory Assistance,got put through to our landlady's 28.D词义猜测题。根据前文“When reading texts of sev managing agent,and had a spare key sent to me with eral hundred words or more,learning is generally more just enough time to get back in before the actors ar- successful when it's on paper than onscreen.A large rived.(所以，我打电话给电话查号台，接通了女房东的 amount of research confirms this finding.(当阅读几百 经纪人，他们给了我一把备用钥匙，刚好来得及在演员 宇或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习 们到来之前回去。)”可知，作者在2006年使用电话亭是 更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现.)”可知，在纸上 为了拨打紧急电话。 学习更有成效，以及后文“when experimenters move 26.B知节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The last one from posing simple tasks like identifying the main standing has just been turned into a 'mini community li- idea in a reading passage-to ones that require mental brary':any passer-by can 'borrow'a book from its abstraction-such as drawing inferences from a text. shelves,and return it later,or replace it with another ti- (当实验人员从提出简单的任务（如识别阅读文章的主 tle from their own collection.(最后一个被玫造成了 旨)转移到需要思维抽象的任务（如从文本中非断） 个·迷你社区图书馆’：任何路过的人都可以从它的书 时，)”推知，此处应是表达“当实验者从简单的任务转 架上·借’书，以后还回来，或者用自己收藏的另一本书 向雾要精神抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处就变得显 来替换。)”可知，任何人都可以为“迷你社区图书馆”捐 而易见”之意，所以shine through应是“显而易见”之 赠图书 意，和D项意思相近。 27.C细节理解题。根据第四段最后四句“Then I noticed 29.A推理判断题。根据第四段“But equally important is fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of volumi- the mental aspect.Reading researchers have proposed a nous books on various subjects there.And these books theory called'shallowing hypothesis(假说)'，Accord- were free.This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to ing to this theory,people approach digital texts with a experiment with dozens of titles that I would never nor- mindset suited to social media,which are often not so mally consider buying.And I've discovered some great serious,and devote less mental effort than when they books！(然后我注意到福克正在进行春季大扫除，把各 are reading print..(但同样重要的是精神层面。阅读研 种主题的大书一箱箱地扔到那里。而且这些书是免费 究人员提出了一个名为‘shallowing hypothesis'的理 的。这个无与伦比的价格，点鼓励我尝试许多我通常不 论。根据这一理论，人们以适合社交媒体的心态接触 会考虑胸买的标题。我还发现了一些很棒的书！)”可 教字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，与阅读印刷品时 知，作者发现“迷你图书馆”里有很多免费的很棒的书， 相比，投入的精神努力也更少。)”可知，“shallowing hy 所以开始使用。 pothesis'”假说认为读者在阅读数字文本时会持有一种 Passage 8 轻松的心态，不会像阅读纸质书籍那样投入太多的心 [语篇解读]本文介绍了一辆只接收病人的列车。从而 理努力。 引出了俄罗斯政府在贫困的农村地区，如伏尔加河以东的 30.A细节理解题。根据第五段"Audio(音频)and video 克拉斯诺亚尔斯克，采取的一些解决公共医疗服务现代化 can feel more engaging than text,and so university 问题的措施。 teachers increasingly turn to these technologies-say, 28.C细节理解题。由第一段内容可知，圣卢卡斯火车不 assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same 接受普通乘客，只接收病人，并为乡村人口提供基本的 person.(音频和视频可能比文本更具吸引力，因此大学 医疗服务。因此，它的功能类似于医院。 教师越来越多地转向这些技术，例如布置一个在线讲 29.D推理判断题。由第三段内容可知，俄罗斯政府在贫 座而不是一篇同一作者写的文章。)”可知，音频和视频 国的农村地区，如伏尔加河以东的克拉斯诺亚尔斯克， 比文本更能吸引学生的注意力，所以大学教师越来越 采取了一些措施来解决公共医疗服务现代化的问题， 多地使用这些技术。 包括视频预约医生和扩展财政援助项目以激励医生在 3l.C推理判断题。根据最后一段“Digital texts,audio 偏远地区行医。这表明克拉斯诺亚尔斯克需要医疗 and video all have educational roles,especially when 援助。 providing resources not available in print.However,for 30.D细节理解题。由第四段中For10mont小ns every maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection year,the train stops at about eight stations over two are called for,educators shouldn't assume all media are weeks,before returning to the regional capital to refuel the same,even when they contain identical words. and restock(补给).”可知，圣卢卡斯火车每次补给可以 字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印 持续大钓两周的工作。 详解详析 31.A规，点态度题。由第五段Ducke的话“I was very im- Passage 10 pressed by the doctors and their assistants working and 「语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位 living in such little space but still staying focused and very DIY高手Terri Bolton的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女性 concerned...They were the best chance for many rural peo 群体中变成一种潮流趋势。 ple to get the treatment they want.”可知，Ducke对圣卢卡 24.C 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段划线短语下文 斯火车提供的服务表示赞赏。 "Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together fur- Passage 9 niture.she never pays someone else to do a job she can [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。近年来，来自不同领城 do herself.她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别 的研究人员一致认为，短期主义现在是工业化社会的一个 人做她自己能做的工作。”可推知，此处指Terri Bolton 重大问题。事实证明，人们对现在有偏见，以牺牲健康为 是一位DIY高手。C项“A specialist一位专业人员”最 代价，专注于当下有吸引力的事物，而牺牲了未来自己或 接近划线短语“a dab hand”的意思。 社区的健康、幸福和财务稳定。 25.B推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these 28.D推理判断题。第一段首句“In recent years,re skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. searchers from diverse fields have agreed that short-ter- From the age of six.Terri,now 26,accompanied De mism is now a significant problem in industrialised soci- rek to work during her school holidays.A day's work eties.(近年来，来自不同领域的研究人员一致认为，短 was rewarded with￡5 in pocket money..地将这些技能 期主义现在是工业化社会的一个重大问题。)”提出一 归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑工人Derek Lloyd。从六岁 个问题一短期主义，接着下文“The historian Francis 起，现年26岁的Terri就在学较放假期间陪Derek去上 Cole argues that the West has entered a period where 班。一天的工作得到了5英榜零花钱的奖励.”以及“1t 'only the present exists.a present characterised at once took weeks and it was backbreaking work,but I know by the cruelty of the instant and by the boredom of an he was proud of my skills..这花了几个星期的时间，是一 unending now',(历史学家弗朗西斯·科尔(Francis 项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄做。”可推 C0le)认为，西方已经进入了一个·只有现在存在的时 知，Teri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的 代，现在的特点是除间的残酷和现在无休止的无 鼓励。 聊’。)”引用历史学家Francis Cole的话来强调只注重 26.A细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So,it's been useful to 现在的这种短期主义的危害，由此可推知，文章引用 know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any Francis Col的话是为了强调一个问题，故选D。 charges when I've moved out..所以，当我搬出去时，知道如 29.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As a psychologist 何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免产生任何费用，这是很 once joked,if aliens(外星人)wanted to weaken hu 有用的。”可推知，Teri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以 manity,they wouldn't send ships:they would invent 前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。 climate change.Indeed,when it comes to environmen- 27.D细节里解题。通过文章最后一段“the research tal transformations,we can develop a form of collective 'poor memory',and each new generation can believe shows it is women now leading the charge研究表明，现 在是女性主导了这项运动”可知，研究表明，DIY将在 the state of affairs they encounter is nothing out of the ordinary,(一位心理学家曾经开玩笑说，如果外星人想 女性中越来越受欢迎。 削弱人类，他们不会派出飞船：他们会发明气候变化。 Passage 11 的确，在环境变化的问题上，我们可以形成一种集体的 [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四位 “记忆不良”，每一代人都会认为他们所逼到的情况并 女医生的生平与事迹」 没有什么不同寻常的。)”可知，一位心理学家曾经开玩 21l.C细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Born to a 笑说，如果外星人想要削弱人类，他们会发明气候变 Jewish family in Florence,she moved to Paris where 化，通过这种方式来削弱人类，因为人们对于气候变化 she worked as a physician and performed surgery. 移成一种集体的·记忆不良’，认为他们所遇到的情况 生于绵罗伦萨的一个优太家庭，搬到巴黎当医生并致 没什么异常的，由此可推知人们不擅长察觉出缓慢的 外科手术。”以及第二部分中的“She qualified as a sur 变化，故选C。 geon in1813她获得了做外科医生的资格"和“Barry re 30.A推理判断题。通诶全文，尤其是第一段“In recent tired in 1859,having practiced her entire medical pro- years,researchers from diverse fields have agreed that fession living and working as a man.Barry于l859年退 short-termism is now a significant problem in industri- 休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，从事了整个医学职 alised societies.(近年来，来自不同领域的研究人员一 业。”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同，点是都有资格进 改认为，短期主义现在是工业化社会的一个重大问 行外科手术 题。)”提出一个问题一短期主义，和第二段“1thas 22.A推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第三部分中的 been proved that people have a bias()towards the "Tan wrote a book,Sayings of a Female Doctor,de- present,focusing on loud attractions in the moment at scribing her life as a physician.Tan写了一本书《女医 the expense of the health,well-being and financial sta- 条言》，描迷了她作为一名医生的生活。”可推知，Tan与 bility of their future selves or community.In business, 其他从业人员的不同之处在于她写了一本书。 this bias surfaces as short-sighted decisions.And on 23,D细节理解题。通过文章第四部分中的“Four years slow-burning problems like climate change,it translates later.she was the first African American woman to re- into the unwillingness to make small sacrifices ( ceive a medical degree,四年后，地成为第一位获得医学 today that could make a major difference tomorrow. 学位的非裔美国女性。”可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler是 实证明人们对现在有偏见，以牺牲健康为代价，只专注 第一位获得医学学位的非奇美国人。 于当下引人注目的事物，而柄牲了未来自己或社区的 Passage 12 健康、幸福和稳定。在商业中，这种偏见表现为短视决 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍英国人在芙国度饪节 策。在气候变化等缓慢燃烧的问题上，这意味着不愿 目的影响下改变对烹饪的看法，并尝试新的烹饪习惯。 意今天做出小的柄鞋，而这些牺牲可能会在明天产生 28.A细节理解题。根据第一段的“What comes into your 重大影响。)”可知，文章主要讲述了短视决策的危害 mind when you think of British food?Probably fish and 呼吁我们要做出有远见的思考。由此可推知，作者的 chips,or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. 写作目的是告诉我们有运见的思考对人类的重要性， But is British food really so uninteresting？当你想到英 故选A。 国食物时，你会想到什么？你可能想到的是炸鱼薯条， 最新真题分类特训·英语 或是一肉两莱的周日晚餐。但是，英国食物真的如此 34.B词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文“The Caribbean 无趣吗？”可知，提及英国食物，大家往往只是想到炸鱼 Taino,the Australian Aboriginals,the African people 著条和周日晚餐，所以人们通常会觉得英国食物平淡 of Benin and the Incas,all of whom appear in this 无奇。故选A。 book.can speak to us now of their past achievements 29.D推理判斯题。根据第二段的“It's thanks to these most powerfully through the objeets they made:a his- TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that tory told through things gives them back a voice.When Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and we consider contact()between literate and non-lit- ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in erate societies such as these.all our first-hand accounts their cooking habits.正是由于电视上的这些大厨，而不 are necessarily twisted,only one half of a dialogue. 是凭借广告宣传活动，英国人正在远离·一肉两莱”和 勒比海的泰诺人、澳大利亚的土著人、贝宁的非洲人以 速食餐，而变得更加愿意探索新的烹饪习惯”和“上 及印加人，所有这些人都出现在这本书中，他们现在都 可以通过他们制造的物品向我们讲述他们过去最强大 seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.”似乎电视节目帮助人们改 的成就：通过物品讲述的历史给了他们一个声音。当 我们考虑谐如此类的有文字社会和无文字社会之间的 变了对烹饪的看法。可知，英国的克任节目能够改变 接触时，我们所有的第一手资料都必然是扭曲的，只有 英国人对烹饪的看法，尝试从传统的英式饮食中走出 对话的一半.”结合划线句“If we are to find the other 来，并尝试斯的烹饪习惯，由此可推知英国的烹饪节 half of that conversation,we have to read not just the 具有很大的影响力 texts,but the objects.如果我们要找到对话的另一半， 30.D细节理解题。根据第三段的“Almost one third say 我们不仅要读文字，还要读物体。”可知，我们对过去历 they now use a wider variety of ingredients (than 史的了解，只是书写历史的人想要让我们了解的历史 they used to几乎三分之一的人表示他们现在使用的配 如果我们想要了解历史的另一半，我们不仅仅要读文 料比以前更多。”可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33% 字也要读物体。所以conversation指的是“历史”。 左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。 35.C推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If you want to tell 31.B推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句“With an in the history of the whole world,a history that does not creasing number of male chefs on TV,it's no longer privilege one part of humanity,you cannot do it ‘uncool'for boys to like cooking.随着电视上出现越来 through texts alone,because only some of the world 越多的男性厨师，男孩子喜欢烹饪不再是一件·不酷 has ever had texts,while most of the world,for most 的事了。”可知，接下来，文章应该具体介绍电视上的男 of the time,has not..如果你想讲述整个世界的历史， 性厨师。 段不以人类某一部分为特权的历更，你不能仅仅通过 Passage 13 文字来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被 [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了仅仅依靠 文字记录过，而世界上大多教人，在大多数时间里，都 书面文字来讲述世界历史的局限性，并强调了将物品纳入 没有.”结合最后一段的“If we are to find the other half 历史叙事以便更好地理解无文字社会的重要性。 of that conversation,we have to read not just the texts, 32.A主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“If you want to tell but the obiects.如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不 仅要读文字，还要读物体。”可知，本文讲述仅仅依靠书 the history of the whole world,a history that does not 面文字来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要更好的了解历 privilege one part of humanity,you cannot do it 史就要将文字和物品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有 through texts alone,because only some of the world 可能选自《100件实物中的世界历史》。 has ever had texts,while most of the world,for most Passage 14 of the time,has not.Writing is one of humanity's later 「语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了教字 achievements,and until fairly recently even many literate 极简主义生活方式的优点，倡导简单的数字生活方式 (有文字的)societies recorded their concerns not only in 28.B细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The goal of this writing but in things..如果你想讲述整个世界的历史， book is to make the case for digital minimalism.inclu- 一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通 ding a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it 过文字来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经 works,and then to teach you how to adopt this philoso- 被文宇记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里， phy if you decide it's right for you.这本书的目标是为 都没有。写作是人类较晚的成就之一，直到最近，甚至 数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么 许多有文字的社会也不仅用文字，而且用实物来记录 有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲 他们需要的事情。”可推知，第一段主要讲述的是历史 学。”可知，这本书的目的是侣导简单的数字生活方式。 应该如何呈现给我们。 29.A词义猜测题。根据刻线词下文"This process re 33.D推理判断题。根据文章第二段首句“Ideally a histo- quires you to step away from optional online activities ry would bring together texts and objects.and some for thirty days.At the end of the thirty days,you will chapters of this book are able to do just that,but in then add back a small number of carefully chosen online many cases we simply can't,理想情况下，历史应该将 activities that you believe will provide massive benefits 文字和实物结合在一起，这本（历史）书的某些章节能 to the things you value.这个过程要求你在30天内远 够做到这一点，但在许多情况下，我们根本做不到。”可 离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一 推断，作者认为历史应该是文字和实物相结合的产物 些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心桃 选的在线活动。”可推知，划线词“declutter”的意思是 但是很多情况下，我们做不到。再根据所举例子的下 “清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。 "From the English side,we have scientific reports 30.C推理判断题。通过文章第四段“In the final chapter and the captain's record of that terrible day.From the of part one,I'll guide you through carrying out your Australian side,we have only a wooden shield ( own digital declutter.In doing so.I'll draw on an ex- dropped by a man in fight after his first experience of periment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people gunshot,在英国方面，我们有科学报告和库克船长对 agreed to perform a digital declutter,.在第一部分的最 那可怕的一天的记录。从澳大利亚方面来看，我们只 后一章中，我将指导您进行自己的数字清理。在这样做 有一个木制盾牌，这是一名男子在第一次经历枪击后在 的过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实 战斗中奶下的。”可知，作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的 验中，1600多人同意进行数字清理。”可推知，第一部分的 记录是片面的，只从自己的角度描述了问题。 最后一章介绍了实脸与数字清理的实际例子。