Unit 4 知识梳理+配套题目 2025-2026学年译林版（2024）八年级英语上册

8A U4 Welcome 一、词汇： 单词 词性 词义 文中短语 语言点 mooncake n. 月饼 making mooncakes 注意复数 shelf n. 架子 putting together a shelf 注意复数 shelves rose n. 玫瑰（花） make some paper roses 注意复数 coloured paper n. 彩纸 I need some coloured paper 不可数名词 coloured表示带有颜色的的 colourful表示五颜六色的 tape n.& vt. n. 胶带； vt. 用胶带拈贴 need some tape 不可数名词 glue n.& vt. n. 胶，胶水； vt.（用胶水）黏合、粘贴 need some glue 不可数名词 fold vt. 折叠 fold the paper 反义词：unfold 展开 complete adj. 完成，结束；全部的 when our job is complete 其他词性：vt. 完成 词性转换：completely adv. 完全地；彻底地 二、句型： 1. There is no better tool than our hands. 没有比我们的手更好的工具了。 no+名词单数或复数，表示没有 2. put together a shelf 组装一个架子 put together.... 组装，装配 3. What do you need to make them? 制作它们你需要什么？ What do you need句子结构已完整，to do表目的。 4. I’ll cut the flower shapes. 我会剪花的形状。 短语：cut the... shapes 剪……的形状 5. We can tape or glue the pieces together. 我们可以用胶带或胶水把这些碎片粘在一起。 短语：用胶带或胶水把这些碎片粘在一起 tape or glue the pieces together 6. When our job is complete, we’ll see some lovely roses. 当我们的工作完成时，我们会看到一些可爱的玫瑰。 When引导时间状语从句，译为“当”。 Reading 一、词汇： 单词 词性 词义 文中短语 语言点 DIY n. 自己动手 My cousin and his DIY =do it yourself crazy adj. 狂热的；迷恋的 My cousin is crazy about DIY. be crazy about... 对……着迷；热衷于 born adj. 天生的 He is not a born handyman. 其他词性：过去分词：be born 出生 bear-bore-born handyman n. 手巧的人 注意复数 handymen mistake n. 错误 make a mistake 注意复数 其他词性：vt. 搞错(mistake-mistook) power cut n. 断电，停电 His whole house had a power cut. power n. 电，力量 powerful adj. 强有力的 pipe n. 管道，管子 He hit a pipe and filled the pipe with water. 注意复数 fill....with 使…充满 充满：be filled with=be full of unlucky adj. 不幸的，不顺利的 He was just unlucky. 词性转换：luck n. 运气 lucky adj. 幸运的 luckily adv. 幸运的是 unluckily adv. 不幸的是 instead adv. 反而 Instead, he bought many books about DIY and took an online DIY courses as well. 放句首，要加“，”，一般解释为取而代之的是，相反； 放在句末，一般解释为改做某事。 We shouldn’t go there by bus. Instead, we should take a taxi. I will go by taxi instead. instead of代替，放在句中；后面加名词或者doing。 course n. 课程 注意复数 其他词义：过程 during the course of...... mess n. 杂乱，不整洁 find his room in a mess in a mess 乱七八糟 词性转换：messy adj. 混乱的 lamp n. 灯 A floor lamp there caught my eye. 注意复数 catch one's eye 引起某人注意 catch-caught surprised adj. 惊奇的，感到意外的 I was surprised to know that he made it himself. surprise sb. 使某人惊讶 词性转换：surprised adj. 感到惊讶的 surprising adj. 令人惊讶的 impossible adj. 不可能的 No DIY job seems impossible to him. 反义词：possible adj. 可能的 词性转换：impossibility n. 不可能性 nearly adv. 几乎，差不多，将近 when I was nearly finished 词性转换：near adj. 附近的 prep. 在……附近 paint n. 油漆，绘画材料 There was blue paint everywhere. 不可数名词 表示一管一管的颜料可数 其他词性：vt. 刷，涂抹 can n. 金属容器，塑料容器 hit the paint can 注意复数 everywhere adv. & pron. 到处 There was blue paint everywhere. anywhere 任何地方 nowhere 没有地方 somewhere 某地 二、句型： 1. Once, he tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom. 有一次，他努力在卧室里安装一盏更亮的灯。 Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on the wall. 还有一次，他想在墙上挂一幅画。 短语：put in 安装 put out 扑灭 put up 张贴/举起/搭建 put on 上演/穿上 put off 推迟 put away 收好 2. He hit a pipe and filled the room with water. 他敲到了一根管子，把房间灌满了水。 hit的过去式：hit 把……装满…… fill 容器 with 东西 容器 be filled with 东西 充满：be filled with=be full of 3. But his mum told him, “Stop trying to fix things all by yourself, dear.” 但他的妈妈告诉他，“亲爱的，别再试图自己解决问题了。” 句型：stop doing 停止做某事 stop to do 停下来去做某事 try to do 试图做某事，努力做某事 try doing 试试看做某事 短语：独自：by oneself=alone=on one’s own 4. He didn't listen. Instead, he bought many books about DIY and took an online DIY course as well. 他不听。相反，他买了很多关于DIY的书，还参加了一个在线DIY课程。 But then I decided to paint it instead. 但是然后我决定改刷一下。 instead放在句首表示相反，取而代之的是。前一句往往是否定句。 instead放在句末表示改做某事。I will go to Guilin instead. 我会改去桂林。 放在句中用instead of，表示代替，而不是。I will go to Guilin instead of Sanya. 我会去桂林而不是三亚。 短语：take an online DIY course 报一个线上的DIY课程 as well在肯定句或疑问句句末，表示也。句中用as well as....。 5. Now he knows his way around all kinds of DIY. 现在他知道各种DIY的方法了。 短语：way around.... 解决……的办法 6. One day, he found my books all over my bed. 有一天，他发现我的床上到处都是书。 短语：all over... 遍及…… all over the world 全世界 7. I was surprised to know that he made it himself! 我惊讶地发现这是他自己做的！ 句型：be surprised to do 惊讶地做某事 know后加了个宾语从句。 8. My cousin enjoys DIY and now no DIY job seems impossible to him. 我堂兄喜欢DIY，现在对他来说，没有什么DIY工作是不可能的。 句型：seem to do 似乎做某事 seem (to be) adj. 似乎怎么样 It seems that.... 似乎…… be adj. to sb. 往往表达在某人看来，这个东西怎么样。 9. give others a hand 帮别人一把 10. Because she didn’t want Andrew to make trouble. 因为她不想让安德鲁惹麻烦。 短语：make trouble 惹麻烦 11. He has a natural talent for DIY. 他有DIY的天赋。 短语：have a natural talent for... 有……的天赋 12. He had someone teach him. 他让人教他。 句型：have/let/make sb. do 让某人做某事 13. What does Andrew think about DIY? 安德鲁对DIY有什么看法？ 句型：What does sb. think about sth.?=What does sb. think of sth.?=How do you like sth.?=How do you find sth.? 某人觉得……怎么样 14. He knows more about DIY than most people. 他比大部分人都要更了解DIY。 短语：对……了解更多 know/learn more about.... 对……了解很多 know/learn much/a lot about.... 15. He is a big fan of DIY. 他是DIY的忠实粉丝。 短语：a big fan of... ……的忠实粉丝 16. Last week, I decided to paint my bedroom blue because it is my favourite colour. 上周，我决定把卧室漆成蓝色，因为这是我最喜欢的颜色。 决定做某事：decide to do 短语：把……刷成……（色） paint...... 颜色 17. When I was nearly finished, my cat came in and a toy on the chair caught its eye. 当我快完成的时候，我的猫进来了，椅子上的一个玩具引起了它的注意。 finished adj. 完成了的 短语：catch one’s eye 吸引某人的视线 18. It jumped up to reach the toy, but hit the paint can and the can fell over. 它跳起来想够到玩具，但撞到了油漆罐，油漆罐掉了下来。 短语：跳起来去够…… jump up to reach.... fall over 跌倒 fall off....=fall from.... 从……摔下来 19. Are you looking forward to my better work? 你期待我更好的工作吗？ 句型：look forward to sth./doing 期待某物/做某事（注意这里的to是介词） 【巩固练习】 1. ___________, it is necessary for him _______________ the meeting. A. Instead; to attend B. Instead; to join C. Instead of; to attend D. Instead; attending 2. Dr. Ma helped a lot of people see again in the ___________ of his life. A. form B. way C. direction D. course 3. __________ terrible mess！I am unsure __________ I can tidy up such a room in 3 hours. A. How a; that B. What a; if C. What a; that D. How; if 4. I looked for my mobile phone ___________, but I couldn’t find it ___________. A. anywhere; everywhere B. somewhere; everywhere C. everywhere; anywhere D. everywhere; somewhere 5. He wants to ___________ a photo of their parents on the wall. A. put on B. put in C. put up D. put out 6. I think we ____________ a brighter light in the sitting room. A. need put up B. need to put up C. need put in D. need to put in 7. Jack suddenly stopped _________ and lay (躺) on the ground, so we all stopped _________ what happened to him. A. to run, to see B. running, seeing C. running, to see D. to run, seeing 8. ---How did you find the trip to the West Lake. ---_____. A. The guide took us there B. First by train and then by bus C. Very fantastic indeed D. It was not far from our hotel 9. You are _________ (complete) wrong. You've made a stupid mistake. 10. He was much _____________ (crazy) about sweet food than before though he got fatter. 11. Lily thinks she is _________ (luck) to live in such a bad family. 12. My cousin turned around and went away instead of _________ (wait) for me. 13. It seems ______ (possible) for Nezha to break the record, because it's too difficult. 14. Would you please stop _________(make) noise? The baby is sleeping. 15. A moment ago, they decided ___________(not spend) their holiday near the sea. 16. The famous young actress you look forward to __________ (visit) Changzhou Dinosaur Park soon. 17. 我建议你对DIY不要太着迷。 I ____________________________________________________________. 18. 作为一名天生的艺术家，他应该注意细节。 ________________________, he __________________________________. 19. 他击中了水管，把房间灌满了水。 He __________________________________________________________. 20. 他安装了一盏灯而没有在卧室墙上张贴画。 He _____________________________________________________ the bedroom wall. 21. 你最好不要独自去参加法语课程。 You __________________________________________________________________. 22. 既然你的房间一团糟，为什么不把它收拾干净呢？ Since _____________________________________, _____________________________. 23. 当他是一个孩子时，他知道长长颈鹿脖子里只有七骨头时很惊讶。 When he was a child, he _______________________________________________ necks. 24. 每个学生都期待拥有没有作业的假期。 The students each ___________________________________________________________ 答案：1-8ADBCCDCC 9. completely 10. crazier 11. unlucky 12. waiting 13. impossible 14. making 15. not to spend 16. will visit 17. advise you not to be too crazy about DIY 18. As a born artist, should pay attention to details 19. hit the pipe; filled the room with water 20. put in a light instead of putting up a picture on 21. had better not take a course in French alone 22. your room is in a mess; why not tidy it up 23. When he was a child, he was surprised to find that there are only 7 bones in giraffes’ necks. 24. are looking forward to having a holiday without homework Grammar 一、词汇： 单词 词性 词义 文中短语 语言点 chalk n. 粉笔 Look for the chalk mark on the top of each piece. 不可数名词 mark n. 标记；分数 注意复数 其他词义：污渍 其他词性：vt. 标志；做记号；批改试卷 brush n. 刷子；画笔 Then put the brush into the paint. 注意复数：brushes 其他词性：vt. 刷 instructions n. [pl.] 用法说明 Instructions can be difficult to understand. 注意复数 dangerous adj. 危险的 Scissors can be dangerous. 词性转换：danger n. 危险 in danger 在危险中，陷入危险 out of danger 脱离危险 二、句型： 1. Let’s put the pieces of wood together. 让我们把木块组装起来。 短语：put... together 把……组装起来 2. Please hand the tools to me. 请把工具递给我。 短语：hand sb. sth.=hand sth. to sb. 递给某人某物 3. Look for the chalk mark on the top of each piece. 寻找每一块顶部的粉笔痕迹。 mark n. 记号，标记；污渍；分数 get high marks 得高分 get low marks 得低分 on the top of... 在……的顶部 4. Don’t mix them up. 别把它们混在一起。 短语：mix up 混在一起，搞混（代词放中间） 5. Cut cards out of pieces of paper with a pair of scissors. 用剪刀把卡片从纸片上剪下来。 短语：cut...out of.... 从……剪下 6. Draw a picture to show the words or sentence on the other side of the card. 在卡片的另一面画一幅画来显示单词或句子。 短语：在卡片的另一面 on the other side of the card 7. Look at the picture and try to say what is on the other side. 看图片，试图说出另一边是什么。 what is on the other side是宾语从句，这个句子中what是主语，is是谓语，已经是陈述句语序了。 句型：what’s+地点？某地有什么？ 8. Please don’t give up. 请不要放弃。 please后面跟祈使句，肯定：please do... 否定：please don’t do.... 9. Keep trying and you will find you can remember things better. 继续努力，你会发现你能更好地记住东西。 祈使句的并列句往往要用将来时。相当于if条件句。 同义句修改：If you keep trying, you will find you can remember things better. 10. We’d better clean the bird house first. 我们最好先打扫鸟舍。 句型：had better do 最好做某事 had better not do 最好不做某事 短语：do sth. first 先做某事 11. Now you should mix the paint well. 现在你应该把油漆混匀。 mix vt. 混合 mix A with B=mix A and B together 把A与B混合起来 mixed adj. 混合的 mixed juice 混合果汁 12. Scissors can be dangerous. 剪刀可能会很危险。 can在肯定句中表示猜测和可能性，往往表达的是一种客观的可能性。 三、语法： 【知识梳理1】祈使句 1) let us do sth.与let's do sth.在反意疑问句中的区别： ①let us do sth.让（或允许）我们做某事。即提出请求，请对方允许，而对方不做，只有我们做。反意疑问句用“will you?”。 ②let's do sth.咱们去做某事吧。即提出建议，反意疑问句用“shall we?”。 【例题精讲】 例1. Let us have a rest, will you? 例2. Let's go for a picnic, shall we? 2) 祈使句的回答：祈使句回答要用将来时，祈使句肯定就肯定回答，反之，否定回答。 【例题精讲】 例1. ---Open the door, please. ---OK/Yes, I will. 例2. ---Don’t open the door. ---OK/Sorry/No, I won’t. 3) 祈使句与并列句时态，并列句中前一句为祈使句时，并列连词后的并列句用一般将来时。 如：Work hard, or you will fail in the exam. 4) 开头的动词形式辨析： ___________ (swim) is more interesting than ______________ (dive). ___________ (swim) often, and you can keep healthy. ___________ (swim) well, you should practice more. Swimming; diving Swim To swim 【知识梳理2】情态动词： 1. 表建议：should had better 2. 表请求：can may could 3. 表命令：must Must I do.....? Yes, you must. No, you needn’t./you don’t have to. must表示职责范围内必须做的，have to必须有客观条件影响，导致不得不做。只要有原因，就要用have to。 4. 表猜测可能性：may 可能 must 一定 can’t 不可能 【巩固练习】 1. ---I can't see your telephone number. Where is it? ---Oh, it's on ____________ side of the card. A. another B. the other C. other D. the others 2. ---Don’t forget to bring my best wishes to your parents. ---___________. A. Yes, I won't B. No, I won't C. No, I don't D. OK, I will Remember 3. You _____________ talk to your teacher in such a rude way.You are so impolite. A. needn't B. had better not C. couldn't D. won't 4. _______________ (剪刀) can be dangerous.Be careful with them. 5. ____________ (pull) himself up the rocks easily, he tried many different ways. 6. You’d better _______________ (not write) about the unpleasant things. 7. __________ (fill) the glass with more water, or the naughty boy won’t have enough water to drink. 8. _______________ (mix) oil and water is impossible. 9. _______________ (decorate) the house often and you win be happy with it. 10. _______________ (make) the salad tasty, add some oil(油). 11. You'd better _______________ (not be) afraid when you go out tomorrow. 12. 你最好不要独自去参加法语课程。 You ___________________________________________________________. 答案： BBB Scissors; To pull; not write; Fill; Mixing; Decorate; To make; not be; had better not take a course in French alone Word Power 一、词汇： 单词 词性 词义 文中短语 语言点 usual adv. 通常的，寻常的 It’s unusual to find me without a DIY job to do. 反义词：unusual 副词：usually unusually 二、句型： 1. It’s unusual to find me without a DIY job to do. 发现我没有DIY要做是不寻常的。 短语：with sth. to do 有……要去做 without sth. to do 没有……要做 2. I’m not a fan of DIY. 我不是DIY迷。/我不喜欢DIY。 短语：……迷/喜欢…… a fan of.... 3. Things are all over the floor. 地板上到处都是东西。 短语：all over... 遍及…… all over the world 全世界 4. I’ll tidy up soon. 我很快会收拾干净的。 短语：tidy up 收拾妥当 三、反义前缀： -un: unlucky; unusual; uninteresting; unsure; unable; unlike (不像); unfriendly; unpopular; unpleasant; uncertain;... -in: incorrect; incomplete; inactive; inexpensive;... -im: impatient; impolite; impossible; improper; imperfect;... -dis: dishonest; disabled; disagree; dislike (不喜欢); discover;... 【巩固练习】 1. Mr. Li is almost crazy because he always answers the same question _______________ (correct). 2. It is _______________ (possible) for us to finish the task within just half an hour. 3. He often gets angry easily. He is a(n) _______________ (patient) boy. 4. For most ___________ (active) people, they spend their life sitting either at the office computer or at home computer. 5. I am __________ (certain) about what the future life will be like. It worries me. 6. They were too excited to spell the word __________ (correct). What a pity! 7. __________ (luck), the young mother didn't find her lost boy in the end. 1. incorrectly; 2. impossible; 3. impatient; 4. inactive; 5. uncertain; 6. correctly; 7. Unluckily Integration 一、词汇： 单词 词性 词义 文中短语 语言点 tie-dye vt. 扎染 the steps for tie-dyeing 词性转换：tie-dyed adj. 扎染的 tie-dyeing n. 扎染 method n. 方法 use traditional tie-dyeing methods 注意复数 做某事的方法：the method of doing twist vt. 使扭曲，使弯曲 twist a piece of cloth 其他词性： n. (故事或情况的)转折；突然变化；曲折处；急转弯处…… cloth n. 布，织物 不可数名词 tie vt. (用线、绳等)系，拴，捆 tie it with thread 现在分词：tying 短语：tie...to... 把……系到……上 反义词：untie thread n. 线 表示材料不可数，表示具体的线可数 dye vt.&n. vt. 给…染色，染； n.染料，染液 dye the material 三单式：dyes 过去式：dyed 现在分词：dyeing untie vt. 解开 untie it 现在分词：untying product n. 产品 make different products 注意复数 词性转换：produce vt. 生产，制造 production n. 生产，产量 not only...but also.. 不仅…而且… Tie-dyeing is not only a form of art but also a lifestyle. not only...but also...连接两个主语，谓语动词看靠近的那个主语（就近原则） Not only he but also I am.... workshop n. 作坊 a fun workshop guide 注意复数 dry vi.&vt. (使……)变干；(把……)弄干 let it dry 其他词性：adj. 干的 pattern n. 图案；模式 see the amazing patterns 注意复数 roll n. 卷；管 rolls of thread 注意复数 其他词性：vt. (使)翻滚，滚动 roll out 展开 reduce vt. & vi. 减少 It can reduce waste. 词性转换：reduction waste n. 浪费：废料 不可数名词 其他词性：vt. 浪费 joy n. 乐趣：高兴 bring me great joy 不可数名词 词性转换：joyful adj. 快乐的；高兴的 glove n. 手套 help foreign tourists 注意复数和所有格 finger n. （手套的)指部；手指 the two longest fingers 注意复数 button n. 纽扣；按钮 glue two buttons onto the glove 注意复数 onto prep. 到…上，向…上 jump onto... 跳上…… 二、句型： 1. Tie-dyeing is an old art with a history of over 1,500 years, and it became most popular in the Tang Dynasty. 扎染是一门有着1500多年历史的古老艺术，在唐代最为流行。 短语：with a history of.... 有着……的历史 在唐朝 in the Tang Dynasty 2. The tied part stays the same colour as before, but the rest has a different colour. 被捆绑的部分保持与以前相同的颜色，但其余部分的颜色不同。 tied过去分词表示被动，the tied part 被捆绑的部分 句型：the same...as... 和……一样的（名词） the rest表示剩下的，谓语动词由the rest指代的范围决定： The rest of the students are playing games. The rest of the time is for playing games. 在这个句中，the rest指代的是part，所以看作三单。 3. Today, in some parts of Yunnan Province, for example, local people still use traditional tie-dyeing methods to make different products like scarves and bags. 例如，如今云南省的一些地区，当地人仍然使用传统的扎染方法来制作围巾和袋子等不同的产品。 短语：在……的一些地区 in some parts of... 4. Tie-dyeing is not only a form of art but also a lifestyle. 扎染不仅是一种艺术形式，也是一种生活方式。 短语：一种……的形式 a form of.... 以……的形式：in the form of.... 5. If you want to have fun making new things at home, why not try tie-dyeing? 如果你想在家里创造新事物，为什么不试试扎染呢？ 句型：为什么不做某事 why not do=why don’t you do? 试试做某事 try doing 试图做某事，努力做某事 try to do 6. All you need is a piece of cloth, rolls of thread and a bowl of dye. 你只需要一块布、几卷线和一碗染料。 all you need，你需要的所有东西 you need是定语从句，修饰all。 7. I like making new things out of old ones. 我喜欢用旧东西做新东西。 短语：make...out of.... 用……制作…… one做代词，指代上文的类别： an old one 一个旧的东西（泛指） old ones 旧的东西（泛指） the old one 那个旧的（特指） the old ones 那些旧的（特指） 8. We made two cute little dolls from old gloves. 我们用旧手套做了两个可爱的小娃娃。 make...from.... 一般看不出材料 9. Next, we made the doll’s arms from two of the other fingers. 接下来，我们用另外两根手指制作了玩偶的手臂。 短语：two of the other fingers 剩下的手臂中的两根 数字+of+范围，表示范围中的多少个 the other特指，表剩下的 10. For the eyes, we glued two buttons onto the glove. 我们在手套上粘了两个纽扣做眼睛。 onto表示到……上，glue...onto.... 把……粘到……上 【巩固练习】 1. Some students are busy _____ for the exam and the rest _____ playing outside. A. preparing; is B. to prepare; are C. preparing; are D. to prepare; is 2. Can you make a kite ___________ the paper? A. out B. of C. out of D. from 3. ---I am a little hungry,Mom. ---There are some cakes on the plate and you can take ____________. A. one B. that C. it D. this 4. __________ (produce) from Apple Inc. are very popular all over the world, especially in China. 5. What can we do to _______ (减少) foggy days? 6. It is wrong for people to throw more ___________ (废品) everywhere in the tourist attraction. 7. He crossed his _______ (finger), asking for luck in his life. 8. After ______ (tie) Gulliver to the ground, they began to climb across his body. 9. ---Henry, can you help me water the flowers in the garden? ---Wait a moment. I_______________(tie) the horse to the tree. 10. Look! The child's arms are________ (tie). Why? 11. Not only parents but also I _____________ (not be) interested in watching TV dramas. 12. 我想知道该如何找到算出这个数学题的方法。 I wonder __________________________________________ the maths problem? 13. 他不仅在中国而且在全世界受欢迎。 He ___________________________________________________________________________. 14. 他们俩都很乐意与朋友们分享喜悦。 Both____________________________________________________________________ their friends. 答案： 1-3 CCA 4. Products; 5. reduce; 6. waste; 7. fingers; 8. Tying; 9. am tying; 10. tied 11. am not 12. how to find the method of solving 13. is famous not only in China but also all around the world. 14. Both of them are willing to share their joy with their friends. 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$