Unit 3 Celebrations词性转换，核心单词，语法，短语，知识点复习题-2025-2026学年高一英语必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（北师大版2019）

Unit 3 Celebrations 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1.occasion n.重要的社交活动；时刻，时候→ adj.偶尔的，有时的 2.graduation n.毕业→ vi.毕业 n.大学毕业生 3.congratulation n.恭喜，祝贺→ v.祝贺 4.decorate vi.&vt.装饰，布置，美化→ n.装饰；装饰物 5.tradition n.传统→ adj.传统的→ adv.传统地 6.appropriately adv.合适地，适当地→ adj.合适的，恰当的 7.extend vt.提供，给予，表示→ n.伸长；伸展；(电话)分机 8.fortunate adj.幸运的→ adv.幸运地→ adv.不幸地 9.immediately adv.即刻，马上→ adj.立刻的；即刻的 10.gathering n.聚会→ vi.&vt.聚集；集合；搜集 11.decoration n.装饰物→ vt.装饰 12.summarise vi.&vt.总结，概括→ n.总结，概括 13.expectant adj.期待的；期望的→ vt.期待→ n.期待；期望 14.scare vt.吓唬；使(某人)惊恐 n.惊恐→ adj.害怕的；被吓呆了的 → adj.吓大的；恐怖的 15.surround vt.围绕，环绕→ adj.(作定语)周围的；附近的 → n.环境(指周围的具体的物质环境) 16.retired adj.退休的→ vi.退休 17.memory n.记忆，回忆→ vt.记住 18.slightly adv.略微，稍微→ adj.轻微的；微小的 19.patience n.耐心，耐力→ adj.耐心的n.病人 20.behaviour n.行为；举止→ vt.& vi.举动；表现 一、语法填空 1．Mary has tried to adapt to the local (custom). 2．The conflicts, if not (appropriate) solved, can cause disastrous consequences. 3．My English teacher always teaches us with great (patient), that’s why all of us like her very much. 4．I was nearly drowned last night, but was (unfortunately) to be saved. 5．The lecture we had been looking forward to (organise) well last week. 6．Not having to get up early is just one of the benefits of being (retire). 7．Considered poisonous for many years in Europe, tomatoes were grown for (decorate) only. 8．I have heard that the Terracotta Army is (know) as a “Chinese treasure house”. 9．As a part of Chinese culture, (dragon) play important roles in ancient Chinese fairy tales. 10．The supplies were transported to the local people (immediate) after the earthquake happened. 11．Large quantities of books (contribute) to the children in the countryside since then. 12．Throughout history, some of the (origin) customs have changed, but the spirit of the festival — the spirit of family — has largely been kept. 13．After (graduate), she went to the south and became an author there. 14．My enthusiastic suggestion (ignore) by the manager yesterday. 15．The town (destroy) in the war, but the library remained. 16．The Amazon rainforest (refer) to as the lung of the Earth. 17．However, being on one’s best (behave) in any professional field is generally common sense for anyone seeking job development. 18．All of the customers felt frightened when they (trap) in the burning market. 19．Usually, Martial arts (refer) to as either soft or hard. 20．It (recognize) that exercise is beneficial to our health. 21．He (ban) from driving because of disobeying the traffic rules last month. 22．John goes for a run in the morning to clear his mind and enjoy the fresh air. (occasion) 23．Project Hope (design) to help those children who drop out of school because of poverty. 24．Our team lost. We (beat) by the other team. 25．The ancient civilizations of Latin America (found) on corn. 26．The article he wrote (base) on interviews with several experts in the field. 27．I really can’t believe she (make) of stone. (所给词的适当形式空调) 28．Those who are willing to shoulder social responsibilities are (respect) by the public. 29．He (impress) by the great changes of the city he had visited 10 years ago. 30．In the Ming Dynasty, citizens of higher social classes (permit) to live closer to the Forbidden City. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the vibrant (充满活力的) city of Sydney, Australia, numerous cultural events take place regularly, one of 31 features Chinese art culture, and Gao Yu, a Chinese student majoring in traditional Chinese dance at the University of Sydney, is an active participant in these events. Her passion for Chinese dance started at six when she 32 (draw) to its charm. In 2022, Gao decided to show her dance skills at a local cultural festival. 33 began as a simple participation turned into a remarkable over-hour-long performance, 34 (interest) a large audience. Gao is glad to see an increasing number of 35 (Australian) attracted to traditional Chinese dance. However, when she first arrived, buying proper costumes and music was tough. But much to her surprise, in recent years, she 36 (notice) these basically needed items, unlike before, are becoming a lot 37 (easy) to get. Stores in big cities sell costumes and provide dance classes and local audiences now join her discussions of rhythms, poses and movement design, 38 some ballet lovers making comparisons between it and other dance forms. “They truly appreciate my shows, and this wonderful art-culture interaction is a result of the 39 (combine) of their enthusiasm for art and an open-minded attitude towards different cultures,” said Gao. “We hope to break down barriers and build bridges between cultures and celebrate our 40 (share) emotions beyond nationalities.” 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Qingming Festival is a traditional Chinese holiday 41 (observe) to remember ancestors and honour the dead. Falling around early April, Qingming has great 42 (culture) importance in Chinese society. The 43 (tradition) of Qingming Festival were not formed overnight; instead, they came from the Cold Food Festival and a sad story about Jie Zitui, a follower of Duke Wen from the state of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period. When Duke Wen was in exile (流放), Jie Zitui helped him survive. Wen was so moved that he promised 44 (reward) Jie one day. However, Jie was not the type of person 45 sought rewards. Later, Wen became the ruler and rewarded his followers. However, Jie Zitui refused any reward and moved to a mountain. When Wen 46 (final) discovered Jie’s whereabouts, he ordered his army to set the forest on fire, forcing Jie out. When the fire stopped, Jie 47 (find) dead under a burnt willow tree. In memory 48 Jie, Wen announced that no fires should be lit on the day of Jie’s death and people should eat cold food, 49 (give) rise to the Cold Food Festival. At first, only the state of Jin followed this custom, but later, 50 festival spread across China. 二、单词拼写 51．The (最初的) plan was not adopted for various reasons. 52．On a very important (场合) , it is necessary to wear formal clothes. 53．The organization has been (批评) for not taking the problem seriously. 54．He made a proposal that we should climb Mount Tai, and I (立即) agreed to it.   55．Turn on the TV. The tennis championship is being (广播) now. 56．Did you have any trouble with the western (风俗)？ 57．Mr.Palmer is (退休的) maths master, who is respected by all his students. 58．They (装饰) the Christmas tree with colorful lights last night. 59．Your money would earn more in a high-interest (账户). 60．The package is (保证) to be delivered within three days. 61．This novel has been (改编) for radio from the English original. 62．Seven people were reported to have died, which has not yet been (确认). 63．When everyone was seated, the winner of the prize was (宣布) by the host. 64．I’m not interested in any (特定的) subject; I just want to explore different fields. 65．The environmental group is (呼吁) to the public to reduce plastic waste and protect the oceans. 三、完成句子 66．他们应该重植沿河岸的本土树木，在那些地方，表层土壤正在快速地流失。 They should replant indigenous trees along river banks the top soil is 67．科幻小说被视为一面镜子，通过它，我们可以自由想象我们的未来。 Science fiction is a mirror, through which our future can be freely imagined. 68．如果你把信封倒过来，钥匙就会掉出。 If you turn the envelope , the key will fall out. 69．据报道，灾区目前正在修建许多房屋。 many houses in the disaster area. 70．对比之下，在其他国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。 In other countries, , eye contact is not always . 71．这家公司三分之二的工人在经济衰退期间被裁员了。 Two thirds of the workers in the company during the economic depression. 72．大约三个月之后，我就不再对尼古丁上瘾了。 After about three months, I was addicted to nicotine. 73．These rules tell us how a sentence into phrases. 这些规则告诉我们一个句子是怎样分解成若干短语的。 74．虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”。 Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was the “mother of ten thousand babies”. 75．伟大的科学家袁隆平于2021年5月22日去世。 The great scientist Yuan Longping on May 22nd, 2021. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Celebrations 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1.occasion n.重要的社交活动；时刻，时候→occasional adj.偶尔的，有时的 2.graduation n.毕业→graduate vi.毕业 n.大学毕业生 3.congratulation n.恭喜，祝贺→congratulate v.祝贺 4.decorate vi.&vt.装饰，布置，美化→decoration n.装饰；装饰物 5.tradition n.传统→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统地 6.appropriately adv.合适地，适当地→appropriate adj.合适的，恰当的 7.extend vt.提供，给予，表示→extension n.伸长；伸展；(电话)分机 8.fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地 9.immediately adv.即刻，马上→immediate adj.立刻的；即刻的 10.gathering n.聚会→gather vi.&vt.聚集；集合；搜集 11.decoration n.装饰物→decorate vt.装饰 12.summarise vi.&vt.总结，概括→summary n.总结，概括 13.expectant adj.期待的；期望的→expect vt.期待→expectation n.期待；期望 14.scare vt.吓唬；使(某人)惊恐 n.惊恐→scared adj.害怕的；被吓呆了的→scary adj.吓大的；恐怖的 15.surround vt.围绕，环绕→surrounding adj.(作定语)周围的；附近的→surroundings n.环境(指周围的具体的物质环境) 16.retired adj.退休的→retire vi.退休 17.memory n.记忆，回忆→memorise vt.记住 18.slightly adv.略微，稍微→slight adj.轻微的；微小的 19.patience n.耐心，耐力→patient adj.耐心的n.病人 20.behaviour n.行为；举止→behave vt.& vi.举动；表现 一、语法填空 1．Mary has tried to adapt to the local (custom). 【答案】customs 【详解】考查名词。句意：Mary已经努力适应当地的风俗。根据句意泛指“多个风俗”，用名词复数customs作宾语。故填customs。 2．The conflicts, if not (appropriate) solved, can cause disastrous consequences. 【答案】appropriately 【详解】考查副词。句意：这些冲突如果不妥善解决，可能会导致灾难性的后果。本空修饰动词solved，作状语，应用副词形式appropriately“适当地，恰当地”。故填appropriately。 3．My English teacher always teaches us with great (patient), that’s why all of us like her very much. 【答案】patience 【详解】考查名词。句意：我的英语老师总是很有耐心地教我们，这就是为什么我们都很喜欢她。空处作with的宾语，被great修饰，结合“all of us like her very much”可知，应用patient的名词形式patience，意为“耐心”，是不可数名词，with patience表示“耐心地”。故填patience。 4．I was nearly drowned last night, but was (unfortunately) to be saved. 【答案】fortunate 【详解】考查形容词。句意：昨晚我差点淹死，幸亏有人救了我。根据空格前的be动词was可知，空格处应该用形容词作表语，再根据下文的be saved可知，此处是指“幸运的”。故填fortunate。 5．The lecture we had been looking forward to (organise) well last week. 【答案】was organised 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：我们一直期待的那场讲座上周组织得很好。we had been looking forward to是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词The lecture，organise(组织)是主句谓语动词，与主句主语The lecture与organize之间是被动关系，结合时间状语是“last week”可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“The lecture”是单数名词，谓语用单数形式。故填was organised。 6．Not having to get up early is just one of the benefits of being (retire). 【答案】retired 【详解】考查形容词。句意：不必早起只是退休的好处之一。空处作表语，需用形容词retired。故填retired。 7．Considered poisonous for many years in Europe, tomatoes were grown for (decorate) only. 【答案】decoration 【详解】考查名词。句意：多年来，西红柿在欧洲被认为是有毒的，只作为装饰而种植。根据介词for可知此处要用名词，作宾语，decorate的名词为decoration表示“装饰”。故填decoration。 8．I have heard that the Terracotta Army is (know) as a “Chinese treasure house”. 【答案】known 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：我听说兵马俑被称为“中国的宝库”。主语the Terracotta Army与动词know之间为被动关系，填过去分词构成一般现在时的被动语态，be known as表示“被称为”，故填known。 9．As a part of Chinese culture, (dragon) play important roles in ancient Chinese fairy tales. 【答案】dragons 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：作为中国文化的一部分，龙在中国古代童话中扮演着重要的角色。根据后文动词play为原形，可知主语用复数。故填dragons。 10．The supplies were transported to the local people (immediate) after the earthquake happened. 【答案】immediately 【详解】考查副词。句意：地震发生后，物资立即被运送到当地人民手中。immediate是形容词，其副词形式为immediately，用来修饰动词transported作状语。故填immediately。 11．Large quantities of books (contribute) to the children in the countryside since then. 【答案】have been contributed 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：从那以后，大量的书籍被捐给农村孩子。此处是谓语动词，主语为Large quantities of books ，谓语动词与主语保持一致，应用复数，且books与contribute之间为被动关系，根据时间状语since then可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，故填have been contributed。 12．Throughout history, some of the (origin) customs have changed, but the spirit of the festival — the spirit of family — has largely been kept. 【答案】original 【详解】考查形容词。句意：纵观历史，一些原始的习俗已经改变，但节日的精神——家庭精神——在很大程度上被保留了下来。此处修饰名词customs，应用形容词original“原始的”，作定语。故填original。 13．After (graduate), she went to the south and became an author there. 【答案】graduation 【详解】考查名词。句意：毕业后，她去了南方，成为了一名作家。介词After后，作宾语，用graduate的名词形式graduation“毕业”。故填graduation。 14．My enthusiastic suggestion (ignore) by the manager yesterday. 【答案】was ignored 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：昨天我热情的建议被经理忽视了。由by可知，句子用被动语态，由yesterday可知，句子时态是一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语suggestion是单数，因此空格处是was ignored。故填was ignored。 15．The town (destroy) in the war, but the library remained. 【答案】was destroyed 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这座城镇在战争中被毁，但图书馆仍然存在。根据句意和句中“remained”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，“town”和“destroy”为被动关系，故句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，“town”和“was”连用，“destroy”的过去分词为“destroyed”，故空格处应填“was destroyed”。故填was destroyed。 16．The Amazon rainforest (refer) to as the lung of the Earth. 【答案】is referred 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：亚马逊雨林被称作地球的肺。refer(描述，提到)是谓语动词，与主语The Amazon rainforest之间为被动关系，描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时态，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。故填is referred to。 17．However, being on one’s best (behave) in any professional field is generally common sense for anyone seeking job development. 【答案】behaviour 【详解】考查名词。句意：然而，在任何专业领域举止得体对于任何寻求职业发展的人都是一般的常识。空处用于one’s best之后，应用名词形式behaviour，作介词on的宾语，构成固定短语be on one’s best behavior“举止得体”。故填behaviour。 18．All of the customers felt frightened when they (trap) in the burning market. 【答案】were trapped 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：当被困在燃烧的市场中时，所有的顾客都感到害怕。trap与主语they是逻辑动宾关系，应用被语态，根据主句时态可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语是they，be动词用were。故填were trapped。 19．Usually, Martial arts (refer) to as either soft or hard. 【答案】are referred 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：武术通常被称为软功夫或硬功夫。 句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Martial arts与refer to为被动关系，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词使用are。故填are referred。 20．It (recognize) that exercise is beneficial to our health. 【答案】is recognized 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：众所周知，运动对我们的健康有益。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述通常性的情况，时态应用一般现在时，recognize“认可，承认”和主语It之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是It，be动词应用is，it is recognized that…意为“公认的是……”。故填is recognized。 21．He (ban) from driving because of disobeying the traffic rules last month. 【答案】was banned 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：上个月他因为违反交通规则而被禁止开车。主语He和ban之间是被动关系，结合时间状语last month可知此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填was banned。 22．John goes for a run in the morning to clear his mind and enjoy the fresh air. (occasion) 【答案】occasionally 【详解】考查副词。句意：约翰偶尔在早晨去跑步，以清醒头脑，呼吸新鲜空气。空处应为副词，修饰动词“goes”，作状语；occasionally为副词，表示“偶尔、有时”，符合句意。故填occasionally。 23．Project Hope (design) to help those children who drop out of school because of poverty. 【答案】is designed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：希望工程旨在帮助那些因为贫穷而辍学的孩子。Project Hope与design存在被动关系，同时句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时的被动语态即be designed to do。意为“目的是去做某事；被设计去做某事”。故填is designed。 24．Our team lost. We (beat) by the other team. 【答案】were beaten 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我们队输了。我们被另一个队打败了。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语We与beat之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填were beaten。 25．The ancient civilizations of Latin America (found) on corn. 【答案】were founded 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：拉丁美洲的古代文明是建立在玉米上。主语为civilizations与found之间是被动关系，且陈述过去的事实，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，故填were founded。 26．The article he wrote (base) on interviews with several experts in the field. 【答案】was based 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：他写的这篇文章是基于对该领域几位专家的采访。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，主语The article与 base为被动关系，且这里时态应与定语从句中wrote保持一致，用一般过去时表示过去情况。故填was based。 27．I really can’t believe she (make) of stone. (所给词的适当形式空调) 【答案】is made 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意:我简直不敢相信她是石头做的。此处需表示“她是由石头制成的”，主语she与谓语动词make之间是被动关系，且描述的是一般事实，因此用一般现在时的被动语态is made。故填is made。 28．Those who are willing to shoulder social responsibilities are (respect) by the public. 【答案】respected 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：那些愿意承担社会责任的人，受到公众的尊重。who引导定语从句修饰主语Those，空处缺少过去分词和are构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填respected。 29．He (impress) by the great changes of the city he had visited 10 years ago. 【答案】was impressed 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：他对10年前访问过的这个城市的巨大变化印象深刻。此处为主句的谓语动词，结合句意以及时间状语10 years ago可知，此处应为一般过去时，impress与主语he之间为被动关系，所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数。故填was impressed。 30．In the Ming Dynasty, citizens of higher social classes (permit) to live closer to the Forbidden City. 【答案】were permitted 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：明朝时，社会等级较高的市民被允许住得离紫禁城更近。本句是对过去事实的陈述，故时态应用一般过去时，且permit“允许”和主语citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were permitted。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the vibrant (充满活力的) city of Sydney, Australia, numerous cultural events take place regularly, one of 31 features Chinese art culture, and Gao Yu, a Chinese student majoring in traditional Chinese dance at the University of Sydney, is an active participant in these events. Her passion for Chinese dance started at six when she 32 (draw) to its charm. In 2022, Gao decided to show her dance skills at a local cultural festival. 33 began as a simple participation turned into a remarkable over-hour-long performance, 34 (interest) a large audience. Gao is glad to see an increasing number of 35 (Australian) attracted to traditional Chinese dance. However, when she first arrived, buying proper costumes and music was tough. But much to her surprise, in recent years, she 36 (notice) these basically needed items, unlike before, are becoming a lot 37 (easy) to get. Stores in big cities sell costumes and provide dance classes and local audiences now join her discussions of rhythms, poses and movement design, 38 some ballet lovers making comparisons between it and other dance forms. “They truly appreciate my shows, and this wonderful art-culture interaction is a result of the 39 (combine) of their enthusiasm for art and an open-minded attitude towards different cultures,” said Gao. “We hope to break down barriers and build bridges between cultures and celebrate our 40 (share) emotions beyond nationalities.” 【答案】 31．which 32．was drawn 33．What 34．interesting 35．Australians 36．has noticed 37．easier 38．with 39．combination 40．shared 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国传统艺术，尤其是舞蹈，在悉尼日益受到欢迎。 31．考查定语从句。句意：在充满活力的澳大利亚悉尼市，有许多文化活动定期举行，其中有一个是中国艺术文化活动，悉尼大学中国传统舞蹈专业的中国学生高宇是这些活动的积极参与者。这里考查“介词 +关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行词是“numerous cultural events”，在从句“one of ______ features Chinese art culture”中作of的宾语，且指物，所以用which引导。故填which。 32．考查时态语态。句意：她对中国舞蹈的热爱始于六岁，当时她被中国舞蹈的魅力所吸引。空处作从句谓语动词，she和draw之间是被动关系，be drawn to表示“被……吸引”。根据时间状语“at six”可知，此处是一般过去时，主语是she，所以用was drawn。故填was drawn。 33．考查主语从句。句意：一开始只是一个简单的参与，后来变成了一场超过一小时的精彩演出，吸引了大批观众。“______began as a simple participation”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，所以用what引导，意为“……的事情”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 34．考查非谓语动词。句意：一开始只是一个简单的参与，后来变成了一场超过一小时的精彩演出，吸引了大批观众。“______(interest) a large audience”在句中作结果状语，前面的“a remarkable over-hour-long performance”与interest之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词interesting，表示“引起……的兴趣”。故填interesting。 35．考查名词的数。句意：高宇很高兴看到越来越多的澳大利亚人被中国传统舞蹈所吸引。这里表示“越来越多的澳大利亚人”，Australian是可数名词，用复数形式Australians。故填Australians。 36．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但令她惊讶的是，近年来，她发现这些基本必需品，不再像以前那样，变得更容易获取了。根据时间状语“in recent years”可知，这里要用现在完成时，表示从过去到现在的动作或状态，主语是she，所以用has noticed。故填has noticed。 37．考查比较级。句意：但令她惊讶的是，近年来，她发现这些基本必需品，不再像以前那样，变得更容易获取了。become是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。根据语境，与之前相比，现在这些基本必需品变得“更易获得”，又因为a lot修饰比较级，所以用比较级easier。故填easier。 38．考查介词。句意：大城市的商店出售服装，提供舞蹈课程，当地观众现在加入她对节奏、姿势和动作设计的讨论，一些芭蕾舞爱好者将其与其他舞蹈形式进行比较。“with some ballet lovers making comparisons between it and other dance forms”是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构，在句中作状语，表示伴随情况。故填with。 39．考查名词。句意：“他们真的很欣赏我的展览，这种美妙的艺术文化互动是他们对艺术的热情和对不同文化的开放态度相结合的结果，”高说。定冠词the后面接名词，combine的名词形式是combination，the combination of表示“……的结合”。故填combination。 40．考查形容词。句意：“我们希望打破障碍，建立文化之间的桥梁，庆祝我们超越国籍的共同情感。” 这里用形容词shared作定语，修饰名词emotions，表示“共有的，共享的”。故填shared。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Qingming Festival is a traditional Chinese holiday 41 (observe) to remember ancestors and honour the dead. Falling around early April, Qingming has great 42 (culture) importance in Chinese society. The 43 (tradition) of Qingming Festival were not formed overnight; instead, they came from the Cold Food Festival and a sad story about Jie Zitui, a follower of Duke Wen from the state of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period. When Duke Wen was in exile (流放), Jie Zitui helped him survive. Wen was so moved that he promised 44 (reward) Jie one day. However, Jie was not the type of person 45 sought rewards. Later, Wen became the ruler and rewarded his followers. However, Jie Zitui refused any reward and moved to a mountain. When Wen 46 (final) discovered Jie’s whereabouts, he ordered his army to set the forest on fire, forcing Jie out. When the fire stopped, Jie 47 (find) dead under a burnt willow tree. In memory 48 Jie, Wen announced that no fires should be lit on the day of Jie’s death and people should eat cold food, 49 (give) rise to the Cold Food Festival. At first, only the state of Jin followed this custom, but later, 50 festival spread across China. 【答案】 41．observed 42．cultural 43．traditions 44．to reward 45．who/that 46．finally 47．was found 48．of 49．giving 50．the 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国传统节日清明节，重点讲述了其起源以及与寒食节的关系。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：清明节是中国的传统节日，人们在这一天纪念祖先、缅怀逝者。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“is”，所以“observe”应用非谓语动词形式；且“a traditional Chinese holiday”和“observe”之间是逻辑上的被动关系，即“节日被庆祝”，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填observed。 42．考查形容词。句意：清明节大约在四月初，在中国社会中具有重要的文化意义。“importance”是名词，需要用形容词作定语来修饰。故填cultural。 43．考查名词。句意：清明节的传统并非一朝一夕形成的；相反，它们源自寒食节和一个关于春秋时期晋国公子重耳的追随者介子推的悲伤故事。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，应用名词形式，且“tradition”为可数名词，此处表示泛指“多个传统”，应用复数形式。故填traditions。 44．考查非谓语动词。句意：重耳非常感动，承诺有一天要报答介子推。“promise to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“承诺做某事”。故填to reward。 45．考查定语从句。句意：然而，介子推并不是那种追求回报的人。此处为定语从句，先行词是“person”，指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词“who”或“that”引导均可。故填who/that。 46．考查副词。句意：当重耳最终发现介子推的下落时，他命令军队放火烧山，逼迫介子推出来。修饰动词“discovered”，需用“final”的副词形式。故填finally。 47．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：大火熄灭后，介子推被发现死在一棵烧焦的柳树下。分析句子结构可知，“Jie”和“find”之间是被动关系，即“介子推被发现”，且句子描述的是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was found。 48．考查介词。句意：为了纪念介子推，重耳宣布在介子推去世的那天禁止生火，人们应该吃冷食，这就是寒食节的由来。“in memory of ”是固定短语，意为“为了纪念”。故填of。 49．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了纪念介子推，重耳宣布在介子推去世的那天禁止生火，人们应该吃冷食，这就是寒食节的由来。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“announced”，所以“give”应用非谓语动词形式；且“give rise to the Cold Food Festival”是“宣布”这一动作带来的自然而然的结果，所以用现在分词作结果状语。故填giving。 50．考查冠词。句意：起初，只有晋国遵循这一习俗，但后来，这个节日在中国各地传播开来。此处特指前面提到的“寒食节”，所以用定冠词“the”修饰。故填the。 二、单词拼写 51．The (最初的) plan was not adopted for various reasons. 【答案】original 【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于各种原因，最初的计划没有被采纳。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填形容词original“最初的”，作定语，修饰名词plan。故填original。 52．On a very important (场合) , it is necessary to wear formal clothes. 【答案】occasion 【详解】考查名词。句意：在一个非常重要的场合，有必要穿正式的衣服。“场合”应用名词occasion，且由a可知，此处应用其单数形式，作介词On的宾语。故填occasion。 53．The organization has been (批评) for not taking the problem seriously. 【答案】criticized 【详解】考查动词。句意：这个组织因为没有认真对待这个问题而受到批评。根据汉语提示“批评”可知，应用动词criticize，与主语The organization为被动关系，本空用过去分词，与has been构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填criticized。 54．He made a proposal that we should climb Mount Tai, and I (立即) agreed to it.   【答案】immediately 【详解】考查副词。句意：他提议我们去爬泰山，我立刻就同意了。“立即”修饰动词agreed，用副词immediately作状语，符合语境。故填immediately。 55．Turn on the TV. The tennis championship is being (广播) now. 【答案】broadcast 【详解】考查动词。句意：打开电视。网球锦标赛正在转播中。根据汉语提示可知，空处可使用动词broadcast (转播；广播)在句中作谓语，它与主语the tennis championship之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语now可知，该句为现在进行时的被动语态，空处需使用其过去分词形式。故填broadcast。 56．Did you have any trouble with the western (风俗)？ 【答案】customs 【详解】考查名词。句意：你在西方风俗方面有什么困难吗？根据汉语提示“风俗”可知，空处需要名词custom，在句中作介词with的宾语，不止一个风俗，用复数形式。故填customs。 57．Mr.Palmer is (退休的) maths master, who is respected by all his students. 【答案】retired 【详解】考查形容词。句意：帕尔默先生是一位退休的数学大师，他受到所有学生的尊敬。根据汉语提示“退休的”可知，空处应用形容词retired，作定语修饰名词maths master。故填retired。 58．They (装饰) the Christmas tree with colorful lights last night. 【答案】decorated 【详解】考查动词。句意：昨晚他们用彩灯装饰了圣诞树。根据汉语提示可知用动词decorate，作谓语，根据last night发生在过去用一般过去时。故填decorated。 59．Your money would earn more in a high-interest (账户). 【答案】account 【详解】考查名词。句意：你的钱存在高息账户里会赚得更多。根据汉语提示可知用名词account，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填account。 60．The package is (保证) to be delivered within three days. 【答案】guaranteed 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：包裹保证会在三天内送达。根据汉语提示“保证”可知，此处为动词guarantee，the package和guarantee为被动关系，需用被动语态，已有be动词is，空处需填过去分词。故填guaranteed。 61．This novel has been (改编) for radio from the English original. 【答案】adapted 【详解】考查动词。句意：这部小说已由英文原著改编成广播剧。根据汉语提示可知用动词adapt，与主语构成被动关系，结合上文has been可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填adapted。 62．Seven people were reported to have died, which has not yet been (确认). 【答案】confirmed 【详解】考查动词。句意：据报道，已有七人死亡，这尚未得到确认。表示“确认”用confirm。which指代前面整个句子，与confirm为被动关系，所以应该用过去分词形式confirmed，与has not yet been构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填confirmed。 63．When everyone was seated, the winner of the prize was (宣布) by the host. 【答案】announced 【详解】考查动词。句意：当所有人都就座后，主持人宣布了获奖者的名字。根据汉语提示“宣布”，此处应为动词announce，结合时间状语从句中的谓语动词was seated可知，此处使用一般过去时，announce与主语the winner of the prize为被动关系，所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，所以此处使用过去分词形式announced与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填announced。 64．I’m not interested in any (特定的) subject; I just want to explore different fields. 【答案】specific 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我对任何特定的学科都不感兴趣，我只是想探索不同的领域。“特定的”用形容词specific，在句中作定语修饰名词subject。故填specific。 65．The environmental group is (呼吁) to the public to reduce plastic waste and protect the oceans. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】appealing 【详解】考查动词。句意：环保组织正在呼吁公众减少塑料废物并保护海洋。根据汉语提示“呼吁”，对应的英文单词是appeal，本句为现在进行时，所以空处为现在分词。故填appealing。 三、完成句子 66．他们应该重植沿河岸的本土树木，在那些地方，表层土壤正在快速地流失。 They should replant indigenous trees along river banks the top soil is 【答案】 where being washed away 【详解】考查定语从句和时态语态。第一空定语从句修饰先行词banks，从句缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where引导；第二空表示“流失”应用wash away，与主语构成被动关系，且表示正在发生，用现在进行时的被动语态，故填①where；②being washed away。 67．科幻小说被视为一面镜子，通过它，我们可以自由想象我们的未来。 Science fiction is a mirror, through which our future can be freely imagined. 【答案】regarded as 【详解】考查固定短语。“视为”应用固定短语regard... as，其中regard与主语Science fiction之间是被动关系，所以动词使用过去分词形式regarded，与空前的is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填regarded as。 68．如果你把信封倒过来，钥匙就会掉出。 If you turn the envelope , the key will fall out. 【答案】upside down 【详解】考查副词短语。这里考查“倒过来”对应的副词短语upside down，在句子中作状语。故填upside down。 69．据报道，灾区目前正在修建许多房屋。 many houses in the disaster area. 【答案】 It is reported that are being built at present 【详解】考查短语、时态和主语从句。“据报道”用It is reported that...，其中it作形式主语。真正的主语为that从句；“目前”用短语at present，表示正在进行，所以用现在进行时；many houses与build之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填It is reported that；are being built at present。 70．对比之下，在其他国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。 In other countries, , eye contact is not always . 【答案】 by contrast approved of 【详解】考查短语。“对比之下”用介词短语by contrast；“认可”用短语approve of，与主语eye contact 之间为被动关系，结合is可知填入过去分词形式构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填①by ②contrast ③approved ④of。 71．这家公司三分之二的工人在经济衰退期间被裁员了。 Two thirds of the workers in the company during the economic depression. 【答案】were/ got laid off 【详解】考查时态语态。lay off解雇，该短语是固定短语，“三分之二的工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，且表是发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填were/ got laid off。 72．大约三个月之后，我就不再对尼古丁上瘾了。 After about three months, I was addicted to nicotine. 【答案】 no longer 【详解】no longer   不再，根据句意可知答案为no longer。     73．These rules tell us how a sentence into phrases. 这些规则告诉我们一个句子是怎样分解成若干短语的。 【答案】 is   broken down 【详解】考查动词短语。“分解”使用动词短语break down，和主语sentence之间是被动关系，结合主句时态和句意可知，此处描述一个事实，使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语a sentence表示单数意义，故填①is；②broken；③down。 74．虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”。 Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was the “mother of ten thousand babies”. 【答案】 known as 【详解】考查固定短语。be known as意为“以……著称”，其中known是know的过去分词，表示被动，as是介词，意为“作为”。林巧稚被称为“万婴之母”。故填known as。 75．伟大的科学家袁隆平于2021年5月22日去世。 The great scientist Yuan Longping on May 22nd, 2021. 【答案】 passed away 【详解】考查动词短语。根据中文提示，横线处应该填入两个单词，意思是“去世”，pass away符合题意。再根据时间状语2021可知句子使用了一般过去时，故答案填passed away。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$