内容正文:
11.B 主旨大意题.纵观全文,第一段和第二段阐述的是
“虽然大多数州已经尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们
在开车时放下手机.可是问题却越来越严重”.第三段
中“Thatispartlybecausepeoplearedrivingmore.(部分
原因是开车的人越来越多.)”可知,解释了该行为产生
的部分原因.第四段至第五段讲述的是为了解决该问
题,纽约立法者提出了一个新的想法即利用 Textalyzer
技术来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机.最后
一段讲述的是:相关人士呼吁该项技术能够成为真正的
法案,由此才能真正的改变人们的行为.故B选项 TexG
tingandDriving? WatchOutfortheTextalyzer(发短信
还是在开车? 防范短信监控器)”适合做文章的标题.
Passage11
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是锻炼对于心
脏的好处.
12.D 推 理 判 断 题.根 据 第 二 段 的“‘Thinkofarubber
band.Inthebeginning,itisflexible,butputitina
drawerfor20yearsanditwil becomedryandeasily
broken,’saysDr.BenLevine,aheartspecialistatthe
UniversityofTexas.Thatswhathappenstotheheart.
(‘想想橡皮筋.一开始,它是灵活的,但把它放在抽屉
里20年,它就会变得干燥,很容易破碎,’德克萨斯大学
的心脏专家本莱文博士说.这就是心脏的变化.)”
可知,莱文想通过提到橡皮筋来解释心脏的老化过程.
13.C 推理判断题.根据第三段的“ThefirstgroupparG
ticipatedinaprogramofnonaerobicexercise—balance
trainingandweighttraining—threetimesaweek.The
secondgroupdidhighGintensityaerobicexerciseunder
theguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.
(第一组每周参加三次非有氧运动———平衡训练和重
量训练.第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多
的高强度有氧运动.)”可知,两组在研究设计上的不同
在于运动类型的不同.
14.A 细节理解题.根据第三段的“Thesecondgroupdid
highGintensityaerobicexerciseundertheguidanceofa
trainerforfourormoredaysaweek.Aftertwoyears,
thesecondgroupsawremarkableimprovementsinheart
health.(第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多
的高强度有氧运动.两年后,第二组的心脏健康状况
有了显著改善.)”和第四段的“‘Wetookthese50GyearG
oldheartsandturnedtheclockbackto30Gor35GyearG
oldhearts,’saysLevine.(莱文说:‘我们把这些50岁
的心脏的时钟拨回30或35岁的心脏.’)”可知,莱文的
研 究 发 现 了 通 过 有 氧 运 动,中 年 人 的 心 脏 会 变 得 更
年轻.
15.C 推理判断题.根据最后一段的“Butthestudywas
smalandneedstoberepeatedwithfarlargergroupsof
peopletodetermineexactlywhichaspectsofanexercise
routinemakethebiggestdifference.(但这项研究的规
模很小,需要在更大的人群中重复进行,以确定日常锻
炼的哪些方面会产生最大的影响.)”可知,妮卡戈德
堡博士建议进行进一步的研究.
主题语境3 人与自然
1.自然生态
Passage1
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章介绍了一种新型
园艺设计方法———矩阵种植.
28.B 词 句 猜 测 题.根 据 上 文 “Referredtoas matrix
planting,thisapproachaimsfornaturetodoalotmore
oftheheavyliftinginthegarden,andevensomeofthe
designing.(这种被称为矩阵种植的方法旨在让大自然
在花园中承担更多繁重的工作,甚至承担一些设计工
作.)”可 知,矩 阵 种 植 是 让 大 自 然 自 身 承 接 更 多 的 工
作;结合常识和划线词所在句“Eschewingfertilizers(化
肥)andpowertools,itsbasedonanelegantlysimple
principle:togardenmorelikenaturedoes.(Eschewing
化肥和电动工具,它基于一个极其简单的原则:更像大
自然那样进行园艺种植.)”中“togardenmorelikenaG
turedoes”可推知,要像大自然那样进行园艺种植,让大
自然自身承接更多的工作,就不需要使用化肥和电动
工具.所以划线词“Eschewing”的意思是“避开、远离”,
与B项“Keepingawayfrom.”同义.
29.D 细节理解题.根据第二段中“Theconceptwasborn
whenGermancityplannerssoughttoplantlargeareas
ofparklandafterWorld WarⅡinareproducibleway
thatwouldneedminimalmaintenance.(这 个 概 念 诞 生
于二战后,当时德国城市规划者试图以一种可复制且
需要最少维护的方式种植大片公园绿地.)”可知,引入
矩阵种植的想法是为了开发低维护成本的公园绿地.
30.C 推理判断题.根据第三段中“Dutchplantsmanand
designerPietOudolfsgardenspopularizedthisstyle,
addingartisticflavorstotheplantingmixeswhileplaG
yingwithcolorandform,includingfourGseasoninterest
andservingtheneedsofwildlife.(荷兰植物学家兼设计
师PietOudolf的花园推广了这种风格,在种植组合中
增添了艺术 气 息,同 时 玩 转 色 彩 和 形 态,四 季 都 有 看
点,还满足了野生动物的需求.)”可知,PietOudolf的
花园有艺术气息,很有品味.
31.A 主旨大意题.通读全文,根据第一段中“Referredto
asmatrixplanting,thisapproachaimsfornaturetodo
alotmoreoftheheavyliftinginthegarden,andeven
someofthedesigning.Eschewingfertilizers(化肥)and
powertools,itsbasedonanelegantlysimpleprinciple:
togardenmorelikenaturedoes.(这种被称为矩阵种植
的方法旨在让大自然在花园中承担更多繁重的工作,
甚至承担一些设计工作.它避开化肥和电动工具,基
于一个极其简单的原则:更像大自然那样进行园艺种
植.)”和 最 后 一 段 中“Withhumaninputsdramaticaly
reduced,thegardensecologycandevelopwel.EstabG
lishedmatrixgardensshouldnotneedthelifesupport
wegivemostgardens:fertilizer,dividing,regularwaG
tering.Comparedtotraditionalgardenplots,theyinG
creasecarbonabsorption,reducestormwaterrunoffand
boosthabitatandbiodiversitysignificantly.(随 着 人 类
投入的大幅减少,花园的生态系统可以良好发展.成
熟的矩阵 花 园 不 需 要 我 们 给 予 大 多 数 花 园 的 维 持 手
段:化肥、分株、定期浇水.与传统花园地块相比,它们
增加了碳吸收,减少了雨水径流,并显著改善了栖息地
和生物多样性.)”可知,文章主要介绍了矩阵种植这种
新型园艺设 计 方 法,它 让 花 园 更 接 近 自 然、野 生 的 状
态,未来园艺 可 能 会 朝 着 这 种 更 自 然、野 生 的 方 向 发
展.故 A项“ThefutureofgardeningisWILD(园艺的
未来是自然的)”能概括文章主旨,适合做文章标题.
Passage2
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文.文章主要介绍了参加
卡洛秋季徒步节的几种步行方案,及其日期、起点和步行
时间等相关细节.
21.D 细节理解题.通读全文,根据文章所给出的四种方
案中的“WalkDuration(步 行 时 间)”部 分 比 较 可 知,
“Walk4— PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest(步
行4—基尔布兰尼什森林摄影步行)”的步行时间是15
小时,用时最短.
22.A 细节理解题.根据文章“Walk3— MoonlightUnG
dertheStars(步行3—星光下的月光)”部分中的“Those
whoaredressedinappropriatelywilberefusedpermisG
siontoparticipate.(穿着不当的人将被拒绝参加.)”可知,
第三种步行方案的参与者需要穿合适的衣服.
23.D 细 节 理 解 题.根 据 四 种 步 行 方 案 中 的“Dateand
Time(日期和时间)”部分比较可知,这四种方案都被安
排在周末.
981
详解详析
Passage3
[语篇解读] 文章主要介绍了猫的行为及其背后的原因,
帮助读者更好地理解猫的行为.
24.A 细节理解题.由第一段内容可知,动物通过不同的
叫声表达自己的需求,如求助、驱赶危险动物或寻找住
所等,表明和大多数动物一样,猫的叫声也是一种生存
技能.
25.C 细节理解题.由第二段内容可知,猫通过嗅觉来评
估环境和寻找危险的迹象,它们会在选择放松的地方
之前嗅闻特定区域.因此,猫通过嗅觉来评估不同的
情况.
26.D 词 义 猜 测 题.由 第 三 段 中 “Dogsareknownfor
theirimpressivefetchinghabit,butcatstakethisbeG
haviorupanotch.”以及接下来的描述可知,猫通过带
回物品给主人来表示爱意,这种行为比狗的取物行为
更进一步,即做得更好.
27.B 标题归纳题.文章主要介绍了猫的行为及其背后
的原因,帮助读者更好地理解猫的行为,因此最合适的
标题是“理解你的猫的行为”.
Passage4
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.讲述了美国灰熊从濒
危物种恢复到2000多头,但也带来了一些问题.
32.A 细节理解题.根据第一段中“Grizzlybears,which
maygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,
occupyaconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche—we
reverethemevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.灰熊
可以长到2.5米长,体重超过400公斤,在美国人的心
理中占据着一个矛盾的角落———即使它们给我们带来
可怕的梦,我们也敬畏它们.”可知,美国人对灰熊既有
害怕,又有敬畏,他们的情感是混合的.
33.C 推理判断题.根据第三段最后一句“In1975,grizG
zlies werelistedundertheEndangeredSpecies Act.
1975年,灰熊被列入«濒危物种法».”以及第四段“ToG
day,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsinthe
U.S.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU.
S.Fishand WildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedto
delistgrizzlies,which wouldloosenlegalprotections
andalowthemtobehunted.如今,美国大约有2000
只或更多的灰熊.它们的恢复非常成功,以至于美国
鱼类和野 生 动 物 管 理 局 两 次 试 图 将 灰 熊 从 名 单 上 除
名,这将放松对灰熊的法律保护,允许它们被猎杀.”可
推知,由 于 1975 年 起 受 法 律 保 护,灰 熊 的 数 量 有 了
增长.
34.A 细 节 理 解 题.根 据 第 四 段 中 “Today,thereare
about2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.TheirreG
coveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU.S.Fishand
WildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,
whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandalowthemto
behunted.Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsuits
fromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremain
listed.如今,美国大约有2000只或更多的灰熊.它们
的恢复非常成功,以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局
两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名,这将放松对灰熊的法
律保护,允许它们被猎杀.由于环保组织的诉讼,这两
次提案都被推翻了.目前,灰熊仍在名单上.”可知,是
环保组织的反对阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将
灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名.
35.B 推理判断题.根据最后一段中“Obviously,ifpreG
cautionsarenttaken,grizzliescan becometroubleG
some,sometimes kiling farm animals or walking
throughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefood
andattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlies
wiltypicalypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectric
fencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimal
quartersisalso highly effectiveatgetting grizzlies
away.‘Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractantGfree
placewherebearscanpassthrough withoutlearning
badhabits,’saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwho
managesbearsinandaroundMissoula.显然,如果不采
取预防措施,灰 熊 会 变 得 很 麻 烦,有 时 会 杀 死 农 场 动
物,或者在院子里寻找食物.如果人们把食物和引诱
剂从他们的院子和露营地移走,灰熊通常会安然通过.
在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电动围栏也能
有效地赶走灰熊.‘我们希望有一个干净,没有诱饵的
地方,熊可以通过,而不会养成坏习惯,’詹姆斯琼克
尔说,他是一位长期管理米苏拉市及其周围熊的生物
学家.”可推知,灰熊数量增长,虽然会带来一些麻烦,
但是如果采取一些预防措施,人和灰熊可以和谐相处.
Passage5
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.城市化的发展让人们
越来越难以接触到自然,但一项新研究发现城市中的野生
自然对人类健康和幸福感具有重要影响.研究团队对一
座大型城市公园的游客进行调查,发现与野生自然的互动
可以创造出一种可用的语言,可帮助人们认识和参与最令
人满意和有意义的活动.该研究呼吁保护城市中的野生
自然.
32.B 细 节 理 解 题.根 据 第 一 段 内 容“Ascitiesbaloon
withgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurban
areasisbecominghardertofind.Ifyourelucky,there
mightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butitsunG
usualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.随
着城市的飞速发展,生活在城市地区的人们越来越难
以接近大自然.如果你幸运的话,你住的地方附近可
能会有一个袖珍公园,但在城市里找到相对天然的地
方是罕见的.”可知,文章开头作者讲述了一种现象,在
城市里,人们很难找到野生的自然.
33.D 推理判断题.根据第三段的“Theysurveyedseveral
hundredparkGgoers,askingthemtosubmitawritten
summaryonlineofa meaningfulinteractiontheyhad
withnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexamined
thesesubmissions,coding(编码)experiencesintodifG
ferentcategories.他们调查了数百名公园游客,要求他
们在网上提交一份书面总结,描述他们在公园里与大
自然有意义的互动.然后,研究人员检查了这些提交
的信息,将体验分为不同的类别.”可知,研究人员按照
公园游客提交的在公园里与大自然互动的活动把游客
分类,再 根 据 第 四 段 “Acrossthe320submissions,a
patternofcategoriestheresearcherscala‘naturelanG
guage’begantoemerge.AfterthecodingofalsubmisG
sions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenas
importanttovisitors.在这320份提交的作品中,一种
被研究人员称为‘自然语言’的分类模式开始出现.在
对所有提交的内容进行编码后,有六个类别被认为对
游客最重要.”可知,研究人员对参与者提交的内容进行
了分类,以便在游客的总结中找到模式并确定对游客最重
要的自然体验.通过这样做,他们能够创造一种“自然语
言,”帮助人们认识并参与对他们来说最满意和最有意义
的活动.选项D准确地反映了这一目的.
34.C 推理判断题.根据第五段内容“Namingeachnature
experiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelpspeoG
plerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremost
satisfyingand meaningfultothem.Forexample,the
experienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwatermightbe
satisfyingforayoungprofessionalonaweekendhikein
thepark.Backdowntownduringaworkday,theycanenG
joyamoredomesticformofthisinteractionbywalking
alongafountainontheirlunchbreak.命名每一种自然
体验创造了一种可用的语言,这有助于人们认识并参
与到对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动中.例如,
沿着水边散步的经历可能会让一个年轻的专业人士在
周末去公园徒步旅行时感到满意.在工作日回到市中
心,他们可以在午休时沿着喷泉散步,享受一种更居家
091
最新真题分类特训英语
的互动方式.”可知,本段讲述了自然体验创造了一种
可用的语言,有助于人们识别并参与到对自己来说最
满意和最有意义的活动,接下来以一个年轻的专业人
士参与自然的方式举例说明,去公园时沿着水边散步
让他感到满意,回到市中心工作时他可以通过沿着喷
泉散步获得满足.因此推知,从第五段的例子中我们
可以知道一样的自然体验可以以不同的形式呈现.
35.B 推理判断题.根据最后一段“‘Weretryingtogenerate
alanguagethathelpsbringthehumanGnatureinteractions
backintoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,wealso
needtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteractwithit,’said
PeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.‘我 们 正 试 图 创
造 一 种 语 言,帮 助 将 人 类 与 自 然 的 互 动 带 回 我 们 的
日 常 生 活 中. 要 做 到 这 一 点,我 们 还 需 要 保 护 自
然,这 样 我 们 才 能 与 它 互 动,’该 研 究 的 资 深 作 者 彼
得卡 恩 说.”可 推 断,彼 得卡 恩 认 为 在 我 们 与 大
自 然 互 动 之 前 我 们 应 该 先 要 保 护 自 然.
Passage6
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了一种
会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉.
24.B 细节理解题.根据文章第一段“Thoughnotknown
tousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulat
toolusewhilekeptinthecage.(虽然人们不知道这些
鸟在野外会使用工具,但事实证明,它们在关在笼子里
时就能熟练地使用工具.)”以及“thebirdsweregiven
fivedifferentlyshaped ‘key’tochoosefrom.Inserting
thecorrect‘key’wouldletoutthenut.(研究人员给了
这些鸟5把形状各异的‘钥匙’供它们选择.插入正确
的‘钥匙’会让坚果出来.)”可知,在实验中,凤头鹦鹉
是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的.
25.C 细节理解题.根据文章第二段“Inhumans,babies
canputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundone
yearofage(在人类身上,婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一
个圆形的物品放进一个圆形的洞里)”结合选项,可知,
一岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞
里”的任务.
26.D 推理判断题.通过文章最后一段“Thenextstep,
accordingtotheresearchers,istotryand workout
whetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues,or
alsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselecG
tions.(根据研究人员的说法,下一步是尝试弄清楚凤
头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索,还是也使用触觉来选择
它们的形状.)”可推知,后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦
鹉在测试中是否使用触觉.
27.D 主 旨 大 意 题.通 读 全 文,再 结 合 文 章 第 一 段
“Goffinscockatoos,akindofsmal parrotnativeto
Australasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshapeG
recognitionabilitiestoahumantwoGyearGold.(科 芬 的
凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于大洋洲的小鹦鹉,它的形状识
别能力与两岁的人类相似.)”可推知,本文主要介绍了
会识 别 形 状 的 凤 头 鹦 鹉.D 项 “Cockatoos:Skilful
ShapeGSorters(凤头鹦鹉:识别形状的熟练工)”符合文
意,最适合作为本文标题.
Passage7
[语篇解读] 这是一篇应用文.文章主要介绍了摄影比
赛Takeaview 以及获奖的相关情况.
1.B 细节理解题.根据第一段“Takeaview,theLandG
scape(风 景)PhotographeroftheYearAward,wasthe
ideaofCharlieWaite,oneoftodaysmostrespectedlandG
scapephotographers.(Takeaview,年度风景摄影师奖
是 CharlieWaite的主意,他是当今最受尊敬的风景摄影
师之一.)”可知摄影师最有可能参加Takeaview.
2.A 细节理解题.根据 MikeShepherd部 分“Itwasan
extremelycoldwinterseveningandfreezingfoghungin
theair.(那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上,空气中弥漫
着冰冷的雾.)”和 TimothySmith部分“Iwasbackinmy
hometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages.
(我回到我的家乡 Macclesfield拍摄一些冬季的照片.)”
可知Shepherd和Smith的作品的共同之处是它们都是
冬天的景象.
3.C 推 断 判 断 题.根 据 第 一 段 “Eachyear,thehigh
standardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsarethe
perfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotography
oftheBritishlandscape.TakeaviewisadesirableannuG
alcompetitionforphotographersfromalcornersofthe
UKandbeyond.(每年参赛作品的高水准表明,该奖项
是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台.对于英国
和世界各地的摄影师来说,Takeaview 是一项令人向
往的年度竞赛.)”结合下文对两位获奖者及其作品的介
绍,可知这篇文章主要介绍了摄影比赛 Takeaview 以
及获奖的相关情况,最可能出现在一本艺术杂志上.
Passage8
[语篇解读] 本 文 是 一 篇 说 明 文.文 章 主 要 介 绍 了 在
PortLympne保护区的部分黑犀牛现状.
4.D 推理判断题.通过文章第一段“shebecamethe40th
blackrhinotobebornatthereserve(她成为该保护区出
生的第40头黑犀牛)”以及文章倒数第二段“HismothG
er,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwerealbornat
thereserveandstillivethere.(他的母亲、祖母和曾祖母
都出生在保护区,至今仍住在那里.)”可知,保护区的繁
育计 划 使 很 多 黑 犀 牛 成 功 存 活,可 推 知,这 计 划 是 成
功的.
5.C 细节理解题.通过文章第二段“Sheshealthy,strong
andalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.(她很健康,很强
壮,已经渴望玩耍和探索了.)”可知,PaulBeer认为新生
的犀牛身体状况很好.
6.A 细节理解题.通过文章第一段“WhenthetinycreaG
turearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblack
rhinotobebornatthereserve.(1月31日,当这头小犀
牛来到保护区时,她成为了第40头在保护区出生的黑犀
牛.)”以及文章倒数第二段“Thefirstrhinotobebornat
PortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirstGtimemother
Kisimaand weighedabout32kg.(1月5日,犀 牛 妈 妈
Kisima分娩的 第 一 头 小 犀 牛,同 时 也 是 第 一 个 出 生 在
PortLympne,体重约为32公斤.)”可知,Solio和 Kisima
的第一个孩子都是在一月份出生的.
7.D 推理判断题.通过文章倒数第二段“itistooearlytotel
ifthecalveswilmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoproG
tectedareasofthewild(要判断这些小犀牛是否会成为返回
野生保护区的好的候选者还为时过早)”可推知,PortLympG
ne保护区的一些犀牛可能会被送到野生保护区.
2.环境保护
Passage1
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文.文章主要介绍了2018
年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比,以及飞机、汽车等
各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径.
21.C 细节理解题.根据图表信息 ROADVEHICLES部
分 中 “ROAD (PASSENGER)45.1% 道 路 (客 运 )
45.1%”以 及 “ROAD (GOODS)29.4% 道 路 (货 运)
29.4%”可知,道 路 车 辆 总 占 比 为 45.1%+29.4%=
74.5%,即 道 路 车 辆 在 2018 年 全 球 交 通 排 放 中 占 比
74.5%.
22.C 细节理解题.根据图表信息 TRAINS-Electricity
部分中“Sometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrails
orwires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimple
ways.(一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化;
其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化.)”可
知,火车相较其他交通方式更易实现绿色化.
23.B 细节理解题.根据最后一段中“‘Weneedtospeed
upthedevelopmentofgreenenergy,anditwilalget
used,’saysWipke.(Wipke说:‘我们需要加速绿色能
源的开发,而 且 这 些 能 源 都 会 被 利 用 起 来.’)”可 知,
Wipke建议加大对可再生能源的投入,即加大对绿色能
源的投入.
191
详解详析
Passage2
[语篇解读] 本文主要介 绍 了 一 个 名 为“栖 息 地 恢 复 小
队”的公益环保组织,包括该组织的宗旨、志愿者招募要求
以及最近的活动安排.
21.C 细 节 理 解 题.根 据 文 章 第 一 段“Helprestoreand
protectMarinsnaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlands
toBolinas Ridge.Wel explore beautifulpark sites
whileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winG
terplanting,andseedcolection.HabitatRestoration
Teamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitive
resourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrossthe
ridgesandvaleys.(帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利
纳斯岭的马林海自然区域.我们将探索美丽的公园场
地,同时进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子收集.栖
息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和
山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用.)”可
知,栖息地恢复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统.
22.B 细节理解题.根据文章第三段“Volunteersaged10and
overarewelcome.(欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者.)”可知,参
加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁.
23.B 细节 理 解 题.根 据 文 章 第 五 段“Welbeworking
rainorshine.(我们将风雨无阻地工作.)”可知,身为志
愿者,即使天气不好也要工作.
Passage3
[语篇解读] 这是一篇记叙文.文章讲述了JohnTodd从
小就很爱思考且好学,长大后他建造了一个生态机器,利
用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水.
24.C 细节理解题.根据第一段“WhenJohnToddwasa
child,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,
observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,
forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthrough
plantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.When
hegotolder,Johnstartedto wonderifthisprocess
couldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremakG
ing.当约翰托德还是个孩子的时候,他喜欢探索房子
周围的树林,观察大自然是如何解决问题的.例如,一
条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后,往
往变得清澈.长大后,约翰开始思考这个过程是否可
以用来清理人们制造的混乱.”以及第二段“AfterstudG
yingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincolege,
JohnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquesG
tions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细
菌)? WhichkindsoffishcaneatcancerGcausingchemiG
cals? 在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后,约翰又回
到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中.为什么某些植物
能捕获有害细菌? 哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质?”可
知,约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强.
25.D 细节理解题.根据第三段“Afterafewweeks,John
addedthesludge.几个星期后,约翰把污泥加了进去”以
及倒 数 第 三 段 “Hewasamazedattheresults.The
plantsandanimalsintheecoGmachinetookthesludgeas
foodandbegantoeatit! Withinweeks,ithadalbeen
digested,andalthatwasleftwaspurewater.他对结果
感到惊讶.生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物,开始
吃起来! 几周之内,它就被消化了,只剩下纯净的水.”可
知,约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试生态机器.
26.B 推 理 判 断 题.根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 “Overtheyears,
Johnhastakenon many bigjobs.Hedevelopeda
greenhouseGlikefacilitythattreatedsewage (污 水 )
from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.HealsodeG
signedanecoGmachinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,a
cityinsoutheastChina.这些年来,约翰承担了许多重大
工作.他开发了一个类似温室的设施,可以处理来自
南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水.他还设计了一种生态
机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水.”可推知,
作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用.
27.A 推理判断题.根据最后一段“Youputorganismsin
newrelationshipsandobservewhatshappening.Thenyou
letthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoselfGreG
pair.你把生物体放在新的关系中,观察会发生什么.然后
让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式.”可知,约翰工作
的基础是自然可以自我修复.
Passage4
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文.文章主要介绍了黄石
国家公园提供的几项护林员项目.
21.D 细节理解题.根据每个项目后的时间“Experiencing
WildlifeinYelowstone(May26toSeptember2)在黄
石体验野生 动 物 (5 月 26 日 至 9 月 2 日)”和 “Junior
RangerWildlifeOlympics(June5toAugust21)少年护
林员野生动 物 奥 林 匹 克 运 动 会 (6 月 5 日 至 8 月 21
日)”与“CanyonTalksatArtistPoint(June9toSeptemG
ber2)在 ArtistPoint的峡谷会谈(6月9日至9月2
日)”以及“PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)
摄影研讨会(6月19日和7月10日)”可知,四个项目
中在黄石体验野生动物开始的时间最早.
22.D 细 节 理 解 题.根 据 文 章 “CanyonTalksatArtist
Point(June9toSeptember2)在 ArtistPoint的峡谷会
谈(6 月 9 日 至 9 月 2 日)”部 分 中 的 “Fromaclassic
viewpoint,enjoyLowerFals,theYelowstoneRiver,
andthebreathtakingcolorsofthecanyon(峡谷)while
learningabouttheareasnaturalandhumanhistory.从
一个经典的视角,欣赏下瀑布、黄石河和峡谷的壮丽色
彩,同时了解该地区的自然和人类历史.”可知,在 ArtG
istPoint的简短演讲主题是关于峡谷地区的历史.
23.B 细 节 理 解 题.根 据 文 章 “Photography Workshops
(June19 &July10)摄影研讨会(6月19日和7月10
日)”部 分 中 的 “7/10— Wildflowers &WhiteBalance:
meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.
(7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance:在奇滕登停车场
的 WashburnTrailhead举行.)”可知,7月10日参加摄
影研讨会的将在 WashburnTrailhead集合.
Passage5
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文.文章通过作者和悉尼
人士的交流介绍了悉尼发展中面临的问题.
32.C 主 旨 大 意 题.根 据 第 一 段“Sometimeintheearly
1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,AustralG
ia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.(20世纪60年代初,
澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事.这座城市发现了它的
港口.)”以及“Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.
(但是是港口造就了城市.)”可知,本段主要介绍了悉
尼发展的关键是港口.
33.D 细 节 理 解 题.根 据 第 二 段 “Andrew Reynolds,a
cheerfulfelowinhisearly30s,pilotSydneyferryboats
foraliving.(30岁出头的 AndrewReynolds是个快乐
的小伙子,他在悉尼担任渡轮领航员为生.)”、第三段
“Il misstheseoldboats(我会想念这些旧船的)”以及
第五段“Catamaransarefaster,buttheyrenotsoeleG
gant,andtheyrenotfuntopilot.(双体船更快,但它们
不那么优雅,驾驶起来也不有趣.)”可知,渡轮领航员
AndrewReynolds喜欢老式渡船.
34.A 推理判断题.根据倒数第三段“ShirleyFitzgerald,
thecitysofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushto
modernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofits
past,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.(悉尼的官
方历史学家ShirleyFitzgerald告诉我,在20世纪70年代奔
向现代化的过程中,悉尼把很多它的过去都抛在了一边,
包括许多最漂亮的建筑.)”可推知,ShirleyFitzgerald认为
悉尼匆忙奔向现代化,正在失去它的传统.
35.A 推理判断题.根据倒数第二段“Ontheotherhand,
beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattracG
tions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoung
businessmannamedAnthony.(另 一 方 面,同 时 既 年 轻
又古老也有它的魅力.当我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻
商人 Anthony时,我考虑到了这一点.)”以及最后一段
“Heisright(他说得没错)”可推知,作者赞同 Anthony
的观点,认为一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老.
291
最新真题分类特训英语
Passage6
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.BenjaminVonWong用
回收到的废旧吸管创作艺术作品,目的是提醒人们警惕所
生产、消费的塑料垃圾,以及提高人们对改善环境问题的
参与意识.
28.C 细节理解题.题干定位:由题干中的“VonWongs
artworks”可以定位到第一段“HebuildsmassivesculpG
turesoutofplasticgarbage”.由“forcingviewerstoreG
examinetheirrelationshiptosingleGuseplasticprodG
ucts”可知,他创作出这样的作品是为了迫使观众重新
审视他们与一次性塑料制品的关系.
误解分析:易误选 D项.受到“但是一根塑料吸管或者
一个杯子真的有区别吗? 艺术家本杰明冯王希望
你们知道它的确如此.”的干扰,并不是为了减少海滩
上的垃圾,而是引起人们的重视.
29.A 推理判断题.题干定位:由题干中的“discussplastic
strawsinParagraph3”可知定位到第三段.由“Just9%of
globalplasticwasteisrecycled.”和“Plasticstrawsarebyno
meansthebiggestsource (来 源)ofplasticpolution,but
theyverecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledont
needthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmalsizeand
weight,theycannotberecycled.”可知,全球塑料废品回收
率低,人们喝饮料时不需要塑料管,而且由于它们的体积
和重量,它们不能被回收利用.
误解分析:易 误 选 B 项.受 到 “Von Wongsartwork
likelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlya
fewminutes.”的干扰,误认为这些塑料吸管是有用的.
30.B 推理判断题.由第四段可知,在2018年的一篇文
章中,VonWong想要说明一个具体的统计数据:每60
秒,一卡车的塑料就会进入海洋.为了拍摄这幅名为
«一卡车的塑料»的作品,VonWong和一群志愿者收集
了超过10000块塑料,然后把它们绑在一起,看起来就
像是从卡车上一次性扔下来的.故选B.干扰项排除:A
项“冷静的”,C项“使人耳目一新的”,D项“具有挑战性
的”.由“每60秒,一卡车的塑料就会进入海洋”可知,
这件事情是令人不安的.
31.D 主 旨 大 意 题.本 文 主 要 介 绍 的 是 BenjaminVon
Wong用回收到的废旧吸管创作艺术作品,目的是提醒
人们警惕所生产、消费的塑料垃圾,以及提高人们对改
善环境问题的参与意识.故选 D.干扰项排除:A 项
“艺术家对塑料安全的看法”,与主题不符;B项“媒体对
当代艺术的兴趣”,与主旨相悖;C项“要求大公司承担
责任”,太宽泛了.故排除 A、B、C项.
[难句分析]
原文:Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsourceof
plasticpolution,buttheyverecentlycomeunderfirebeG
causemostpeopledontneedthemtodrinkwithand,beG
causeoftheirsmalsizeandweight,theycannotberecyG
cled.
译文:塑料吸管绝不是塑料污染的最大来源,但是最近它
们受到了抨击,因为大多数人不需要它们来喝水,而且由
于它们的体积和重量很小,它们不能被回收利用.
分析:这是一个复合句.but和and连接并列分句,第一个
because引导原因状语从句.
Passage7
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,通过实验数据分析了办
公室噪音对于办公效率的影响,协作办公有利于集中注意
力,有利于创新思维,因此逐渐受到欢迎.
32.A 细节理解题.题干定位:根据题干中的prefer定位
在第一段第三句.根据 ThatswhyIhaveamemberG
shipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet-soIcan
focus.可知,采访者之所以成为合作办公空间的会员,
是因为他认为这有助于他集中精力,故选 A.A项中的
concentrate与focus是同义词.干扰项排除:B项“阻断
背景噪音”,C项“创造良好的氛围”,D 项“促进面对面
交流”,均与文章信息不符,应予排除.
33.C 细节理解题.根据theparticipantsinthe70deciG
belsgroup-thoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilarto
backgroundchatterinacoffeeshop-significantlyoutG
performedtheothergroups可知,70分贝测试组的参加
者显然比其他测试组在创新思维测试方面成绩更好,而这
个噪音水平与咖啡馆里的噪声背景相似.
误解分析:本题易错选 A.考生易根据主观臆断,认为
在完全安静的情况下易于集中注意力,有助于创新思
维,但 根 据 ourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthat
muchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsof
backgroundnoise可知,创造性思维在完全安静和85分
贝的背景噪音下的反应没有太大区别,因此 A 项是错
误的.
34.D 推理判断题.题干定位:根据题干中的unwelcome
定位在第四段第一二句.根据 wecantstopourselves
from getting drawnintoothersconversations while
weretryingtofocus可知,在开放办公区,人们在努力
集中精力办公的时候不断卷入其他人的交谈中,由此
判断,他们的注意力不断受到干扰,故选 D.干扰项排
除:文章分析了人们不喜欢开放式办公的原因,主要在
于别人的谈话影响自己集中注意力,而与 A 项“个人隐
私不能得到保护”,B项“工作空间受限”及C项“小组讨
论受到约 束”没 有 关 系,况 且 文 章 中 没 有 提 及 这 些 信
息,因此应排除 A、B、C三项.
35.D 推理判断题.根据第一段第一句 DuringaninterG
viewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomeG
thingIstilthinkaboutoften.可知,作者曾出版过几本
书,由此判断,他是一位出版作家.
误解分析:本题易错选 B.B项意为“办公室经理”,本
文介绍了开放办公与合作办公对于工作人员集中注意
力影响的比较,这是作者援引的一项其他人的研究结
果,不能说明作者的身份是办公室经理.因此 B 项
错误.
[难句分析]
原文:Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecantstop
ourselvesfrom gettingdrawnintoothersconversations
whileweretryingtofocus.
译文:问题可能是,在我们的办公室里,当我们试图集中注
意力时,我们无法阻止自己卷入别人的谈话中.
分析:这是一个主从复合句,包含两个从句:that引导的表
语从句,while引导的时间状语从句.本句的主句结构是
Theproblemmaybe....
Passage8
[语篇解读] 主题语境:人与自然———保护水生生物.本
文是一篇说明文.湿地遭到破坏使得水生生物的数量不
断减少,意识到这一问题的严重性之后,人们通过了一项
法令来保护湿地,保护水生生物.
28.A 细节理解题.考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取
能力.根据第一段的背景介绍,尤其是最后一句“MilG
lionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhouse
theeverGincreasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterG
fowlhabitat.”可知,为了给不断增长的人口腾空间,大
面积的湿地遭到破坏,使得水禽的栖息地减少,导致了
水禽数量的锐减.
29.C 词义猜测题.考查考生对上下文的理解及词义的
推断能力.由划线词所在句的“Unfortunately”可知,划
线词的词义与上文提到的“takencareof”相反,再结合
下文 提 到 的 “Milionsofwaterfowlwerekiledatthe
handsofmarkethunters...”可判断出,decimate与deG
stroy意义相近,表示“破坏,毁灭”.
391
详解详析
30.D 推理判断题.考查考生推理判断的能力.根据最
后一段的“Since1934,betterthanhalfabiliondolars
hasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5milion
acresofhabitat.”可推知,1934年通过的这项法令增加了
政府的收入,让政府有钱去保护湿地.
31.A 标题选择题.考查考生对文章主旨的概括理解能
力.本文第一段通过对水禽生存危机的描述引出第二
段的话题———FederalDuckStamp(联邦鸭票),并对其
具体细节和作用进行了介绍.由此可知,本文的中心
话题是FederalDuckStamp.
3.灾害防范
Passage
[语篇解读] 这是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了1991年
9月7日,加拿大历史上损失最大的冰雹袭击了卡尔加里
的南郊.因此,自1996年以来,一组保险公司每年在艾伯
塔省冰雹抑制项目上花费约200万美元.飞机在威胁人们
安全的风暴中心中播撒一种化学物质,使小冰晶在变成危
险的冰雹之前像雨一样落下.但是,在艾伯塔省中东部的
农民们担心,“冰雹计划”飞行的下风处,宝贵的水分正被
人工降雨从他们干渴的土地上偷走.
28.B 细 节 理 解 题.根 据 第 一 段 中 “Asaresult,since
1996agroupofinsurancecompanieshavespentabout
$2milionperyearontheAlberta HailSuppression
Project.Airplanesseedthreateningstormcelswitha
chemicaltomakesmalicecrystalsfalasrainbefore
theycangrowintodangeroushailstones.(因此,自1996
年以来,一组保险公司每年在艾伯塔省冰雹抑制项目
上花费约200万美元.飞机在威胁人们安全的风暴中
心中播撒一种化学物质,使小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹
之前像雨一样落下.)”可知,这个项目的目标是防止冰
雹的形成.
29.A 细节理解题.根据第一段中“ButfarmersineastGcenG
tralAlberta—downwindofthehailprojectflights— worG
rythatpreciousmoisture(水 分)isbeingstolenfrom
theirthirstylandbythecloudseeding.(但是,在艾伯塔
省中东部的农民们担心,‘冰雹计划’飞行的下风处,宝
贵的水分正被人工降雨从他们干渴的土地上偷走.)”
可知,艾伯塔省中东部的农民反对这个项目.
30.C 推理判断题.根据倒数第二段“Onedoubterabout
thesafetyofcloudseedingisChuckDoswel,aresearch
scientistwhojustretiredfromtheUniversityofOklaG
homa.‘In1999,Ipersonalysawsignificanttornadoes
(龙卷 风)formfromaseededstormcelinKansas,’
Dr.Doswel says.‘Doescloudseedingcreate kiler
stormsorreduce moisturedownwind? Noonerealy
knows,ofcourse,buttheseedinggoeson.’(查克多
斯韦尔是一位刚刚从俄克拉何马大学退休的研究科学
家,他对人工降雨的安全性持怀疑态度.‘1999年,我
在堪萨斯州亲眼目睹了由于在风暴中心播撒而形成的
重大龙卷风,’多斯韦尔博士说.‘人工降雨会制造致
命风暴还是减少顺风处的水分? 当然,没有人真正知
道,但是播撒还在继续.’)”可推知,多斯韦尔博士提到
他在1999年看到的龙卷风是为了提示人工降雨可能带
来的危险.
31.D 推理判断题.根据 最 后 一 段“Giventhedegreeof
doubt,Mr.Stienwandsuggests,‘itwouldbewiseto
stopcloudseeding.’Inpractice,doubthashadtheopG
positeeffect.DuetothelackofscientificproofconcernG
ingtheirimpacts,noonehassucceededinwinninga
lawsuitagainstcloudGseedingcompanies.Hence,private
climateengineeringcanproceedinrelativelegalsafety.
(考虑到质疑的程度,斯廷旺德建议,‘停止人工降雨是
明智的.’在实践中,怀疑产生了相反的效果.由于缺
乏有关其影响的科学证据,没有人成功地赢得了对人
工降雨公司的诉讼.因此,私人气候工程可以在相对
合法的安全条件下进行.)”可推知,从最后一段我们能
推断出人工降雨公司将继续存在.
第二部分 阅读理解七选五
主题1 生活、学习与工作
Passage1
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.文章主要讲述大学咖
啡馆工作人员凯瑟琳墨菲用真诚的服务和热情的微笑
为学生 带 来 温 暖 的 故 事,展 现 了 这 位 平 凡 英 雄 的 动 人
之处.
36.E 根据上文“Needabreakbetweenclassesorjusta
quickpickGmeGupinthemorning? TheColegeCafehas
justthat,andmore.(课间需要休息或早上快速提神?
大学咖啡馆提供这些,还有更多.)”可知,开篇引出咖
啡馆的 功 能,空 格 处 需 揭 示 “更 多”的 内 涵.E 选 项
“Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoserves
upsmiles.(这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品,还提供微笑.)”
通过“Notonly...also...”结构,既承接“drinks”,又引
出下文核心———墨菲的微笑服务,符合语境.
37.D 根 据 上 文 “ShegoesbackandforthbetweenmaG
chinestomakethedrinks.(她在机器之间来回制作饮
品.)”及下文“Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromher
hand,shesmilesandsays,‘Helo,howisyourday?’
Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,shedoesntletit
getinthewayofhergenuineconversations.(当顾客从
她手中接过饮品时,她微笑着说:‘你好,今天过得怎么
样?’即使队伍越来越长,她也不会让这影响到她真诚
的交流.)”可推知,设空处需补充制作饮品后的环节.
D选项“Afterfinishinganorder,shecalsoutthename
onthecup.(完成订单后,她会喊出杯子上的名字.)”
中的“finishinganorder”衔接“makethedrinks”,“cals
outthename”引出顾客接饮品的场景,形成“制作-叫
号-交付”的完整流程.
38.C 根据上文“Murphygetsupataquartertofiveand
drivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogettoworkontime.
(墨菲 每 天 四 点 四 十 五 起 床,开 车 三 十 分 钟 准 时 上
班.)”及下文“IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeefor
thestudents.(我 这 样 做 是 因 为 我 喜 欢 为 学 生 煮 咖
啡.)”可推知,设空处需进一步体现她对工作的投入.
C 选 项 “Sometimesshe arrives earlyto servethe
studentsearly.(有 时 她 会 提 前 到 达,提 前 为 学 生 服
务.)”中的“arrivesearly”补充了“准时上班”之外的主
动性,“servethestudentsearly”呼应“liketomakecofG
feeforthestudents”,展现其敬业精神.
39.F 根据上文“JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalscience
major,lovescoffeeandgoestothecafeatleastsixdays
aweek.(乔安娜赖特是政治学专业的大四学生,她热
爱咖啡,每周至少去这家咖啡馆六天.)”及下文“‘CathG
erinealwayshasahugesmileonherface,whichalways
putsmeinacheerfulmood,’Wrightsaid.(赖特说‘凯
瑟琳总是笑容满面,这总能让我心情愉快.’)”可推知,
设空处需说明她频繁去咖啡馆的原因.F选项“Going
tothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyfor
class.(去咖啡馆让她一天有个好的开始,并为上课做
好准备.)”中的“startsherdayoffgood”解释了“每周去
六天”的动机,且“cheerfulmood”与墨菲的微笑服务形
成因果关系.
40.G 根 据 下 文“Shehaseveryintentionofstayingand
continuingdoingwhatsheloves.(她完全打算留下来,
继续做自己喜欢的事.)”可推知,设空处需体现她对工
作的 长 期 投 入.G 选 项 “Shehasservedherefor17
yearsandcantimagineworkinganywhereelse.(她已经
在这里服务了17年,无法想象在其他地方工作.)”中的
“17years”凸显服务年限之长,“cantimagineworking
anywhereelse”强化对咖啡馆的情感联结,与“staying”
形成直接呼应.
Passage2
[语篇解读] 本 文 是 一 篇 说 明 文.主 要 介 绍 了 拥 有“刺
猬”型思维方式和“狐狸”型思维方式的两类人对于个人和
企业建立信誉度的优劣势.
491
最新真题分类特训英语
主题语境3 人与自然
1.自然生态
Passage1(2025浙江1月卷,C篇)
题材 “矩阵式”种植法 体裁 说明文 词数 294 建议用时 8′ 难度:
Anoveldesignapproachtogardeninghas
beengaininginpopularityworldwide.Referred
toasmatrixplanting,thisapproachaimsfornaG
turetodoalotmoreoftheheavyliftinginthe
garden,andevensomeofthedesigning.EscheG
wingfertilizers(化 肥)andpowertools,its
basedonanelegantlysimpleprinciple:togarG
denmorelikenaturedoes.
Theconceptwasborn when Germancity
plannerssoughttoplantlargeareasofparkland
afterWorld WarⅡinareproduciblewaythat
wouldneedminimalmaintenance.PlannerscreG
atedplantingmixesthatcouldbeusedmodularly
(模块化).Inamatrixgarden,plantswithsimiG
larculturalneedsaregroupedsothattheywil
growtogetheraboveandbelowground,forming
acooperativeecosystem thatconserves water
anddiscouragesweeds.
DutchplantsmananddesignerPietOudolfs
gardenspopularizedthisstyle,addingartistic
flavorstotheplantingmixeswhileplayingwith
colorandform,includingfourGseasoninterest
andservingtheneedsofwildlife.BeautifulyearG
round,theyinviteyoutoenjoythesmalestdeG
tail,fromthesoundofgrassesinthegentle
windtothesculptureofoddGlookingseedheads.
IttakesalotofthoughttolookthisnatuG
ral.Whilematrixgardensappearwild,theyare
carefulyplanned,withculturalneedsthefirst
consideration.Led bytheconceptof “right
plant,rightplace”,theymatchplantsthatenG
joythesamesoil,sunandweatherconditions,
andarrangethemaccordingtotheirpatternsof
growth.
Thebenefitsaresubstantialforboththe
gardenerandplanet.WithhumaninputsdraG
maticalyreduced,thegardensecologycandeG
velopwel.Established matrixgardensshould
notneedthelifesupportwegivemostgardens:
fertilizer,dividing,regularwatering.Compared
totraditionalgardenplots,theyincreasecarbon
absorption,reducestormwaterrunoffandboost
habitatandbiodiversitysignificantly.
28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Eschewing”
inthefirstparagraphmean?
A.Runningoutof.
B.Keepingawayfrom.
C.Puttingupwith.
D.Takingadvantageof.
29.WhywastheideaofmatrixplantingintroG
duced?
A.Tocontrolweedsinlargegardens.
B.Tobringinforeignspeciesofplants.
C.Toconservesoilandwaterresources.
D.TodeveloplowGmaintenanceparkland.
30.WhichofthefolowingbestdescribesPiet
Oudolfsgardens?
A.Traditional. B.OddGlooking.
C.Tasteful. D.WelGprotected.
31.Whichofthefolowingcanbeasuitabletitle
forthetext?
A.ThefutureofgardeningisWILD
B.NaturetreatsallivesasEQUALS
C.MatrixgardensneedmoreCARE
D.OldgardenplotsworkWONDERS
86
最新真题分类特训英语
Passage2(2024新课标Ⅱ卷,A篇)
题材
卡洛秋季徙步节的
四项徙步旅行活动
体裁 应用文 词数 290 建议用时 8′ 难度:
ChoiceofWalksforBeginner
andExperiencedWalkers
TheCarlow Autumn WalkingFestivalisa
greatopportunityforthebeginner,experienced
oradvancedwalkertoenjoythechalengesof
Carlows mountain hikesorthepeaceofits
woodlandwalks.
Walk1-TheNaturalWorld
Withenvironmentalist anna Lamhnaas
theguide,thiswalkpromisestobeaninformaG
tivetour.Walkersaresuretolearnlotsabout
thehabitatsandnaturalworldoftheBlackG
stairs.
DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at
09:00
StartPoint:ScratoesBridge
WalkDuration:6hours
Walk2-IntroductiontoHilwalking
EmmanuelChappard,anexperiencedguide,
hasapassionformakingthegreatoutdoorsaccessiG
bletoal.Thismountainwalkprovidesaninsight
intotheskilsrequiredforhilwalkingtoensure
yougetthemostfromfuturewalkingtrips.
DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at
09:00
StartPoint:DeerparkCarPark
WalkDuration:5hours
Walk3-MoonlightUndertheStars
WalkingatnightGtimeisagreatwaytostep
outofyourcomfortzone.Breathtakingviewsof
thelowlandsofCarlowcanbeenjoyedinthepresG
enceofwelcomingguidesfromlocalwalkingclubs.A
torch(手电筒)alongwithsuitableclothingisesG
sentialforwalkinginthedark.Thosewhoare
dressedinappropriatelywil berefusedpermisG
siontoparticipate.
DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at
18:30
StartPoint:TheTownHal
WalkDuration:3hours
Walk4-PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForG
est
ThisinformativewalkledbyRichardSmythinG
troducesyoutothebasicprinciplesofphotographyin
thewild.Bringalongyourcameraandenjoythe
wonderfulviewsalongthiswelGsurfacedforest
path.
DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at
11:45
StartPoint:KilbrannishForestRecreationArea
WalkDuration:15hours
21.Whichwalktakestheshortesttime?
A.TheNaturalWorld.
B.IntroductiontoHilwalking.
C.MoonlightUndertheStars.
D.PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest.
22.Whatareparticipantsin Walk3required
todo?
A.Wearproperclothes.
B.Joinawalkingclub.
C.Getspecialpermits.
D.Bringasurvivalguide.
23.Whatdothefourwalkshaveincommon?
A.Theyinvolvedifficultclimbing.
B.Theyareforexperiencedwalkers.
C.Theysharethesamestartpoint.
D.Theyarescheduledfortheweekend.
96
第一部分 阅读理解
Passage3(2024全国甲卷,B篇)
题材 了解猫的行为 体裁 说明文 词数 302 建议用时 8′ 难度:
Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalot
ofways.Forinstance,almostalanimalshave
distinctvocals(声音)thattheyrelyontoeither
askforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimals
orlookforshelter.Butcatsarespecialcreatures
whopossessamazingvocalizationskils.They
areabletohaveentireconversationswithhuG
mansusingmeowsandyoureabletointerpret
it.Ifapetcatishungry,itwilkeepmeowingto
attractattentionandfindfood.However,whena
catislookingforaffection,theytendtoproduce
stretchedandsoft meows.Meowingstartsas
soonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesit
togetthemothersattentionandbefed.
Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheir
senseofsmelisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheir
nosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookout
foranysignsofdanger.TheywilsniffoutspeG
cificareasbeforetheychooseaplacetorelax.
However,anotherwaythecatsareabletodisG
tinguishbetweensituationsisbylookingforfaG
miliarsmels.Yourcatwillikelysmelyourface
andstorethesmelinitsmemoryanduseitto
recognizeyouinthefuture.Thatswhymostpet
catsareabletotelimmediatelyiftheirowners
werearoundanyothercats,whichtheydont
usualylike.
DogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchG
inghabit,butcatstakethisbehaviorupanotch.
Manycatswilfindrandomobjectsoutsideand
bringthemtotheirowners.Thisisaveryold
habitthatsbeenpresentinal kindsofpredaG
tors(食肉动物).CatsbringgiftsfortheirownG
erstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittle
huntersarejustdoingsomethingthatitsbeen
intheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.So
justgoalongwithit!
24.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcatsmeowing
fromthefirstparagraph?
A.Itsasurvivalskil.
B.Itstaughtbymothercats.
C.Itshardtointerpret.
D.Itsgettinglouderwithage.
25.HowdoesapetcatassessdifferentsituaG
tions?
A.Bylisteningforsounds.
B.Bytouchingfamiliarobjects.
C.Bycheckingonsmels.
D.Bycommunicatingwithothercats.
26.Whichbestexplainsthephrase“take...up
anotch”inParagraph3?
A.Performappropriately.
B.Movefaster.
C.Actstrangely.
D.Dobetter.
27.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.TipsonFindingaSmartCat
B.UnderstandingYourCatsBehavior
C.HaveFunwithYourCat
D.HowtoKeepYourCatHealthy
07
最新真题分类特训英语
Passage4(2023全国甲卷,D篇)
题材 美国灰熊生存环境和状况 体裁 说明文 词数 319 建议用时 8′ 难度:
Grizzlybears,which maygrowtoabout
2.5mlongand weighover400kg,occupya
conflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche—we
revere(敬畏)themevenastheygiveusfrighteG
ningdreams.Askthetouristsfromaroundthe
worldthatfloodintoYelowstoneNationalPark
whattheymosthopetosee,andtheiransweris
oftenthesame:agrizzlybear.
“GrizzlybearsarereGoccupyinglargeareas
oftheirformerrange,”saysbearbiologistChris
Servheen.Asgrizzlybearsexpandtheirrange
intoplaceswheretheyhaventbeenseenina
century or more,theyre increasingly being
sightedbyhumans.
ThewesternhalfoftheU.S.wasful of
grizzlieswhen Europeanscame,witharough
numberof50,000 or moreliving alongside
NativeAmericans.Bytheearly1970s,aftercenG
turiesofcruelandcontinuoushuntingbysetG
tlers,600to800grizzliesremainedonamere2
percentoftheirformerrangeintheNorthern
Rockies.In1975,grizzlieswerelistedunderthe
EndangeredSpeciesAct.
Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizG
zlybearsintheU.S.Theirrecoveryhasbeenso
successfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServG
icehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,which
wouldloosenlegalprotectionsandalowthemto
behunted.Botheffortswereoverturneddueto
lawsuitsfrom conservationgroups.Fornow,
grizzliesremainlisted.
Obviously,ifprecautions(预防)arenttaken,
grizzlies can become troublesome,sometimes
kilingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsin
searchoffood.IfpeopleremovefoodandatG
tractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizG
zlieswiltypicalypassbywithouttrouble.PutG
tingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesand
otherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffecG
tiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.“Ourhopeisto
haveaclean,attractantGfreeplacewherebears
canpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits,”
saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanaG
gesbearsinandaroundMissoula.
32.HowdoAmericanslookatgrizzlies?
A.Theycausemixedfeelingsinpeople.
B.Theyshouldbekeptinnationalparks.
C.Theyareofhighscientificvalue.
D.TheyareasymbolofAmericanculture.
33.Whathashelpedtheincreaseofthegrizzly
population?
A.TheEuropeansettlersbehavior.
B.Theexpansionofbearsrange.
C.Theprotectionbylawsince1975.
D.ThesupportofNativeAmericans.
34.WhathasstoppedtheU.S.FishandWildlife
Servicefromdelistinggrizzlies?
A.Theoppositionofconservationgroups.
B.Thesuccessfulcomebackofgrizzlies.
C.Thevoiceofthebiologists.
D.Thelocalfarmersadvocates.
35.WhatcanbeinferredfromthelastparaG
graph?
A.Foodshouldbeprovidedforgrizzlies.
B.Peoplecanliveinharmonywithgrizzlies.
C.Aspecialpathshouldbebuiltforgrizzlies.
D.Technologycanbeintroducedtoprotect
grizzlies.
17
第一部分 阅读理解
Passage5(2023新课标Ⅱ卷,D篇)
题材 城市中的自然场所有益健康 体裁 说明文 词数 454 建议用时 8′ 难度:
Ascitiesbaloonwithgrowth,accesstonaG
tureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbecoming
hardertofind.Ifyourelucky,theremightbea
pocketparknearwhereyoulive,butitsunusuG
altofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.
Pastresearchhasfoundhealthandwelness
benefitsofnatureforhumans,butanewstudy
showsthatwildnessinurbanareasisextremely
importantforhumanwelGbeing.
Theresearchteamfocusedonalargeurban
park.TheysurveyedseveralhundredparkGgoG
ers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummary
onlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwith
natureinthepark.TheresearchersthenexamG
inedthesesubmissions,coding(编 码)experiG
encesintodifferentcategories.Forexample,
oneparticipantsexperienceof“WesatandlisG
tenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”was
assignedthecategories “sittingatbeach”and
“listeningtowaves.”
Acrossthe320submissions,apatternof
categoriestheresearcherscal a “naturelanG
guage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofal
submissions,halfadozencategorieswerenoted
mostoftenasimportanttovisitors.TheseinG
cludeencounteringwildlife,walkingalongthe
edgeof water,andfolowing an established
trail.
Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesa
usablelanguage,whichhelpspeoplerecognize
andtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatG
isfyingandmeaningfultothem.Forexample,
theexperienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwaG
termightbesatisfyingforayoungprofessional
onaweekendhikeinthepark.Backdowntown
duringaworkday,theycanenjoyamoredomesG
ticformofthisinteractionbywalkingalonga
fountainontheirlunchbreak.
“Weretryingtogeneratealanguagethat
helpsbringthehumanGnatureinteractionsback
intoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,we
alsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninterG
actwithit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorof
thestudy.
32.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribe
atthebeginningofthetext?
A.Pocketparksarenowpopular.
B.Wildnatureishardtofindincities.
C.Manycitiesareoverpopulated.
D.Peopleenjoylivingclosetonature.
33.Whydidtheresearcherscodeparticipant
submissionsintocategories?
A.TocomparedifferenttypesofparkGgoG
ers.
B.ToexplainwhytheparkattractstourG
ists.
C.Toanalyzethemainfeaturesofthepark.
D.TofindpatternsinthevisitorssummaG
ries.
34.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexamplegivenin
Paragraph5?
A.Walkingisthebestwaytogainaccessto
nature.
B.Youngpeoplearetoobusytointeract
withnature.
C.ThesamenatureexperiencetakesdifferG
entforms.
D.ThenaturelanguageenhancesworkperG
formance.
35.Whatshouldbedonebeforewecaninteract
withnatureaccordingtoKahn?
A.Languagestudy.
B.Environmentalconservation.
C.Publiceducation.
D.Interculturalcommunication.
27
最新真题分类特训英语
Passage6(2022全国甲卷,B篇)
题材 鹦鹉识别物体形状实验 体裁 说明文 词数 250 建议用时 8′ 难度:
Goffinscockatoos,akindofsmal parrot
nativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohave
similarshapeGrecognitionabilitiestoahuman
twoGyearGold.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsin
thewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattooluse
whilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,
cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanut
insideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyG
hole”inageometricshape,andthebirdswere
givenfivedifferentlyshaped “keys”tochoose
from.Insertingthecorrect“key”wouldletout
thenut.
Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapein
aroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butit
wilbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodo
the same with less symmetrical(对 称 的 )
shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashape
wilneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeG
foreitwilfitiscaledan “alocentricframeof
reference”.Intheexperiment,Goffinscockatoos
wereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,in
mostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Where
trialGandGerrorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetG
terthanmonkeysinsimilartests.Thisindicates
thatGoffinscockatoosdoindeedpossessanalG
locentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjects
inspace,similartotwoGyearGoldbabies.
Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,
istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosreG
lyentirelyonvisualclues(线索),oralsousea
senseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.
24.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromthe
boxintheexperiment?
A.Byfolowinginstructions.
B.Byusingatool.
C.Byturningtheboxaround.
D.Byremovingthelid.
25.WhichtaskcanhumanoneGyearGoldsmost
likelycompleteaccordingtothetext?
A.Usingakeytounlockadoor.
B.Telingparrotsfromotherbirds.
C.Puttingabalintoaroundhole.
D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.
26.WhatdoesthefolowGuptestaimtofindout
aboutthecockatoos?
A.Howfartheyareabletosee.
B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.
C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.
D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.
27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckers
B.Cockatoos:IndependentLearners
C.Cockatoos:CleverSignalGReaders
D.Cockatoos:SkilfulShapeGSorters
37
第一部分 阅读理解
Passage7(2021全国甲卷,A篇)
题材 摄影作品及拍摄背景 体裁 应用文 词数 241 建议用时 6′ 难度:
Takeaview,theLandscape(风景)PhotogG
rapheroftheYearAward,wastheideaofCharG
lie Waite,oneoftodaysmostrespectedlandG
scapephotographers.Eachyear,thehighstandG
ardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsarethe
perfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphoG
tographyoftheBritishlandscape.Takeaviewis
adesirableannualcompetitionforphotographers
fromalcornersoftheUKandbeyond.
MikeShepherd
(2011)
SkiddawinWinter
Cumbria,England
Itwasanextremelycoldwinters
eveningandfreezingfoghungin
theair.Iclimbedtothetopofa
smal riseand realisedthatthe
mistwaslittle morethanafew
feetdeep,andthoughitwasonlya
shortclimb,Ifound myselfcomG
pletelyaboveitandlookingata
wonderfulyclearviewofSkiddaw
withthesunsettinginthewest.I
usedclassicaltechniques,translaG
tedfrom mycolegedaysspentin
thedarkroom into Photoshop,to
achievetheblackGandGwhiteimage
(图像).
续表
TimothySmith
(2014)
Macclesfield
Forest
Cheshire,England
Iwasbackin myhometownof
Macclesfieldtotakesome winter
images.Walkingupapaththrough
theforesttowardsShutlingsloe,a
localhighpoint,Icameacrossa
smalclearingandimmediatelynoG
ticedthedeadyelow grassesset
againstthefreshsnow.Thesmal
pineaddedtotheinterestandI
placeditcentralytotaketheview
fromtheforegroundrightthrough
intotheforest.
1.WhowouldmostprobablyenterforTakea
view?
A.Writers. B.Photographers.
C.Painters. D.Tourists.
2.WhatdotheworksbyShepherdandSmith
haveincommon?
A.Theyarewinterimages.
B.Theyareinblackandwhite.
C.Theyshowmountainousscenes.
D.TheyfocusonsnowGcoveredforests.
3.Wherecanthetextbefound?
A.Inahistorybook.
B.Inanovel.
C.Inanartmagazine.
D.Inabiography.
47
最新真题分类特训英语
Passage8(2021全国甲卷,B篇)
题材 濒危黑犀的保护和繁育 体裁 说明文 词数 258 建议用时 7′ 难度:
PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreedG
ing(繁育)programme,haswelcomedthearrival
ofarareblackrhinocalf(犀牛幼崽).Whenthe
tinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecame
the40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.
AndofficialsatPortLympne weredelighted
withthenewarrival,especialyasblackrhinos
areknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptiviG
ty(圈养).
PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPort
Lympne,said:“Obviously wereal absolutely
delightedtowelcomeanothercalftoourblack
rhinofamily.Sheshealthy,strongandalready
eagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,Solio,isa
firstGtimemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.
Itsstilalittletoocoldforthemtogooutinto
theopen,butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,
Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewil beout
andaboutexploringandplayingeveryday.”
Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblack
rhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistoo
earlytotelifthecalveswil makegoodcandiG
datestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthe
wild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympne
arrivedonJanuary5tofirstGtimemotherKisima
and weighedabout32kg.His mother,grandG
motherandgreatgrandmotherwerealbornat
thereserveandstillivethere.
AccordingtotheWorld WildlifeFund,the
globalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslow
as5500,givingtherhinosa “criticalyendanG
gered”status.
4.Whichofthefolowing bestdescribesthe
breedingprogramme?
A.Costly. B.Controversial.
C.Ambitious. D.Successful.
5.WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenewGborn
rhino?
A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother.
B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.
C.Sheisingoodcondition.
D.Sheissensitivetoheat.
6.WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisima
have?
A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary.
B.Theyenjoyedexploringnewplaces.
C.Theylivedwiththeirgrandmothers.
D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung.
7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPortLympneReG
serve?
A.TherhinosectionwilbeopentothepubG
lic.
B.ItaimstocontrolthenumberoftheaniG
mals.
C.Itwil continueto work withthe World
WildlifeFund.
D.SomeofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheproG
tectedwildareas.
57
第一部分 阅读理解
2.环境保护
Passage1(2025全国一卷,A篇)
题材 交通运输领域的碳排放问题 体裁 应用文 词数 328 建议用时 8′ 难度:
Thegreeningofplanes,trainsandautomobiles
Movinggoodsandpeoplearoundtheworld
isresponsibleforalargepartofglobalCO2
emissions(排放).AstheworldracestodecarG
bonizeeverything,itfacesparticularproblems
withtransportation-whichaccountsforabouta
quarterofourenergyGrelated greenhousegas
emissions.HeresthebreakdownoftheemisG
sionsin2018fordifferentmodesoftransport.
Thefuelsfortransportneedtobenotjust
green,cheapandpowerful,butalsolightweight
andsafeenoughtobecarriedaround.Each
modeoftransporthasitsspecificfuelneeds.
Muchisstiltobesettled,butherearesomeof
thesolutionstogetusgoinggreen.
Thisenergytransition(变革)isglobal,and
theamountofrenewableenergytheworldwil
needis “alittlebitmindGblowing,”says meG
chanicalengineerKeith WipkeattheNational
RenewableEnergy Laboratory.Itsestimated
thattheglobaldemandforelectricitycouldmore
thandoubleby2050.Fortunately,analysessugG
gestthatrenewablesareuptothetask.“We
needtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenerG
gy,anditwilalgetused,”saysWipke.
21.WhatpercentageofglobaltransportemisG
sionsdidroadvehiclesaccountforin2018?
A.11.6%. B.45.1%.
C.74.5%. D.86.1%
22.WhichmodeoftransportcangogreencomG
parativelyeasily?
A.Planes. B.Trucks.
C.Trains. D.Ships.
23.WhatdoesWipkesuggestregardingenergy
transition?
A.Limitingfuelconsumption.
B.Puttingmoreeffortintorenewables.
C.Improvingenergyefficiency.
D.Makingelectricitymoreaffordable.
67
最新真题分类特训英语
Passage2(2024新课标Ⅰ卷,A篇)
题材 栖息地恢复小队招募公告 体裁 应用文 词数 199 建议用时 8′ 难度:
HABITATRESTORATIONTEAM
Helprestoreandprotect Marinsnatural
areasfrom the Marin Headlandsto Bolinas
Ridge.WelexplorebeautifulparksiteswhileconG
ductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winter
planting,andseedcolection.HabitatRestoraG
tionTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoG
ringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendanG
geredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvaleys.
GROUPS
GroupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarG
rangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance.
PleasereviewtheListofAvailableProjectsand
filouttheGroupProjectRequestForm.
AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING
Volunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.
ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouth
undertheageof15.
BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreement
Form.Volunteersundertheageof18must
have the parent/guardian approval section
signed.
Wel be working rain or shine.Wear
clothesthatcangetdirty.BringlayersforchanG
gingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.
Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,
andlunch.
Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtools
wilbeprovided.Fulfils(满足)communityservG
icerequirements.
UPCOMINGEVENTS
Time MeetingLocation
Sunday,Jan.15
10:00amG1:00pm
Battery
AlexanderTrailhead
Sunday,Jan.22
10:00amG2:30pm
StinsonBeachParkG
ingLot
Sunday,Jan.29
9:30amG2:30pm
Coyote Ridge TrailG
head
21.WhatistheaimoftheHabitatRestoration
Team?
A.Todiscovermineralresources.
B.Todevelopnewwildlifeparks.
C.Toprotectthelocalecosystem.
D.Toconductbiologicalresearch.
22.Whatistheloweragelimitforjoiningthe
HabitatRestorationTeam?
A.5. B.10. C.15. D.18.
23.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?
A.Bringtheirowntools.
B.Workeveninbadweather.
C.Wearateamuniform.
D.Doatleastthreeprojects.
77
第一部分 阅读理解
Passage3(2023新课标Ⅰ卷,B篇)
题材 一项具有环保价值的发明———生态设计 体裁 记叙文 词数 305 建议用时 8′ 难度:
WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedto
explorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observing
hownaturesolvedproblems.A dirtystream,
forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowing
throughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreaG
tureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedto
wonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanup
themessespeopleweremaking.
Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,and
fisheriesincolege,Johnwentbacktoobserving
natureand asking questions. Why can certain
plantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)? Whichkinds
offishcaneatcancerGcausingchemicals? With
therightcombinationofanimalsandplants,he
figured,maybehecouldcleanupwastetheway
naturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewould
latercalanecoGmachine.
ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoreG
moveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污
泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberG
glasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhe
wentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsand
broughtback some plants and animals. He
placedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littleby
little,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedto
oneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.
Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.
Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplants
andanimalsintheecoGmachinetookthesludge
asfoodandbegantoeatit! Withinweeks,it
hadalbeendigested,andalthatwasleftwas
purewater.
Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybig
jobs.HedevelopedagreenhouseGlikefacility
thattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesin
SouthBurlington.HealsodesignedanecoGmaG
chinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityin
southeastChina.
“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngives
towhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofabox
ofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“You
putorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobserve
whatshappening.ThenyouletthesenewsysG
temsdeveloptheirownwaystoselfGrepair.”
24.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirst
twoparagraphs?
A.Hewasfondoftraveling.
B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.
C.Hehadaninquiringmind.
D.Helongedtobeadoctor.
25.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?
A.Tofeedtheanimals.
B.Tobuildanecosystem.
C.Toprotecttheplants.
D.TotesttheecoGmachine.
26.Whatistheauthorspurposeinmentioning
Fuzhou?
A.ToreviewJohnsresearchplans.
B.ToshowanapplicationofJohnsidea.
C.TocompareJohnsdifferentjobs.
D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohnsinvention.
27.WhatisthebasisforJohnswork?
A.Naturecanrepairitself.
B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.
C.LifeonEarthisdiverse.
D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.
87
最新真题分类特训英语
Passage4(2023新课标Ⅱ卷,A篇)
题材 黄石公园“护林员”游园项目介绍 体裁 应用文 词数 311 建议用时 8′ 难度:
YelowstoneNationalParkoffersavariety
ofrangerprogramsthroughoutthepark,and
throughouttheyear.ThefolowingaredescripG
tionsoftherangerprogramsthissummer.
Experiencing WildlifeinYelowstone(May
26toSeptember2)
Whetheryourehikingabackcountrytrail
(小径),camping,orjustenjoyingtheparks
amazingwildlifefromtheroad,thisquickworkG
shopisforyouandyourfamily.Learnwhereto
lookforanimalsandhowtosafelyenjoyyour
wildlifewatchingexperience.MeetattheCanG
yonVilageStore.
JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics(June5to
August21)
Kidscantesttheirskilsandcomparetheir
abilitiestotheanimalsofYelowstone.Stayfor
aslittleoraslongasyourplansalow.Meetin
frontoftheVisitorEducationCenter.
CanyonTalksatArtistPoint(June9toSepG
tember2)
From a classic viewpoint,enjoy Lower
Fals,theYelowstoneRiver,andthebreathG
takingcolorsofthecanyon(峡谷)whilelearning
abouttheareasnaturaland human history.
Discoverwhyartistsandphotographerscontinue
tobedrawntothisspecialplace.Meetonthe
lowerplatformatArtistPointontheSouthRim
Driveforthisshorttalk.
PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)
Enhance your photography skils-join
YelowstonesparkphotographerforahandsGon
programtoinspirenewandcreativewaysofenG
joyingthebeautyandwonderofYelowstone.
6/19-Waterfals&WideAngles:meetat
ArtistPoint.
7/10-Wildflowers&WhiteBalance:meet
atWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.
21.WhichofthefourprogramsbeginstheearliG
est?
A.PhotographyWorkshops.
B.JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics.
C.CanyonTalksatArtistPoint.
D.ExperiencingWildlifeinYelowstone.
22.WhatistheshorttalkatArtistPointabout?
A.Worksoffamousartists.
B.Protectionofwildanimals.
C.Basicphotographyskils.
D.Historyofthecanyonarea.
23.WherewiltheparticipantsmeetfortheJuly
10photographyworkshop?
A.ArtistPoint.
B.WashburnTrailhead.
C.CanyonVilageStore.
D.VisitorEducationCenter.
97
第一部分 阅读理解
Passage5(2022全国甲卷,D篇)
题材 悉尼新旧文化冲突 体裁 议论文 词数 338 建议用时 8′ 难度:
Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificant
thinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecity
discovereditsharbor.Then,oneafteranother,
Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatwerejust
sortofthere—broadparks,superbbeaches,and
aculturalydiversepopulation.ButitistheharG
borthatmakesthecity.
AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfelowinhis
early30s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.I
spentthe whole morningshuttling back and
forthacrosstheharbor.AfterourthirdrunAnG
drewshutdowntheengine,andwewentour
separateways—heforalunchbreak,ItoexG
plorethecity.
“Il misstheseoldboats,”hesaidaswe
parted.
“Howdoyoumean?”Iasked.
“Oh,theyrereplacingthem withcatamaG
rans.Catamaransarefaster,buttheyrenotso
elegant,andtheyrenotfuntopilot.Butthats
progress,Iguess.”
EverywhereinSydneythesedays,change
andprogressarethewatchwords(口号),and
traditionsareincreasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerG
ald,thecitysofficialhistorian,toldmethatin
itsrushto modernityinthe1970s,Sydney
sweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyof
itsfinestbuildings.“Sydneyisconfusedabout
itself,”shesaid.“Wecantseemtomakeupour
mindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratradiG
tionalone.Itsaconflictthatwearentgetting
anybetteratresolving(解决).”
Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldat
thesametimehasitsattractions.Iconsidered
thiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessman
namedAnthony.“Manypeoplesaythatwelack
cultureinthiscountry,”hetoldme.“WhatpeoG
pleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycameto
Australia,brought2000yearsoftheirculture,
theGreekssome3000years,andtheChinese
morestil.Weve gotafoundation builton
ancientculturesbutwithadriveanddynamism
ofayoungcountry.ItsaprettyhardcombinaG
tiontobeat.”
Heisright,butIcanthelpwishingthey
wouldkeepthoseoldferries.
32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Sydneysstrikingarchitecture.
B.TheculturaldiversityofSydney.
C.ThekeytoSydneysdevelopment.
D.Sydneystouristattractionsinthe1960s.
33.WhatcanwelearnaboutAndrewReynolds?
A.Hegoestoworkbyboat.
B.Helooksforwardtoanewlife.
C.Hepilotscatamaranswel.
D.Heisattachedtotheoldferries.
34.WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydG
ney?
A.Itislosingitstraditions.
B.Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.
C.Itshouldexpanditspopulation.
D.Itisbecomingmoreinternational.
35.Whichstatementwil theauthorprobably
agreewith?
A.Acitycanbeyoungandoldatthesame
time.
B.Acitybuiltonancientculturesismore
dynamic.
C.Modernityisusualyachievedatthecost
ofelegance.
D.Compromiseshouldbemadebetweenthe
localandtheforeign.
08
最新真题分类特训英语
Passage6(2021全国乙卷,C篇)
题材
用回收到的废旧吸管
创作艺术作品
体裁 说明文 词数 451 建议用时 7′ 难度:
Youveheardthatplasticispolutingthe
oceans-between4.8and12.7miliontonnes
enteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesone
plasticstraworcuprealy makeadifference?
ArtistBenjaminVon Wongwantsyoutoknow
thatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutof
plasticgarbage,forcingviewerstoreGexamine
theirrelationshiptosingleGuseplasticproducts.
Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuilt
apiececaled “Strawpocalypse”,apairof10G
footGtal plasticwaves,frozen midGcrash.Made
of168,000plasticstrawscolectedfromseveral
volunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeits
firstappearanceattheEstelaPlaceshopping
centerinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.
Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.
Plasticstrawsare by no meansthe biggest
source(来源)ofplasticpolution,buttheyvereG
centlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledont
needthemtodrink withand,becauseoftheir
smalsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.
EverystrawthatspartofVonWongsartwork
likelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedfor
onlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,the
strawwiltakecenturiestodisappear.
Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedto
ilustrate(说明)aspecificstatistic:Every60secG
onds,atruckloadsworthofplasticentersthe
ocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlasG
tic”,Von WongandagroupofvolunteerscolG
lectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,which
werethentiedtogethertolookliketheydbeen
dumped(倾倒)fromatruckalatonce.
Von Wonghopesthathiswork wil also
helppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasG
ticfootprint.
28.WhatareVonWongsartworksintendedfor?
A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.
B.IntroducingecoGfriendlyproducts.
C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.
D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.
29.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstraws
inParagraph3?
A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.
B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.
C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.
D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.
30.Whateffectwould “TruckloadofPlastic”
haveonviewers?
A.Calming. B.Disturbing.
C.Refreshing. D.Chalenging.
31.Whichofthefolowingcanbethebesttitle
forthetext?
A.ArtistsOpinionsonPlasticSafety
B.MediaInterestinContemporaryArt
C.ResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompanies
D.OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculptures
18
第一部分 阅读理解
Passage7(2021全国乙卷,D篇)
题材 办公室噪音对于办公效率的影响 体裁 说明文 词数 451 建议用时 8′ 难度:
Duringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,
myinterviewersaidsomethingIstilthinkabout
often.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction(干扰)
inhisopenoffice,hesaid,“ThatswhyIhavea
membershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthe
street-soIcanfocus.”Hiscommentstruckme
asstrange.Afteral,coworkingspacesalsotypiG
calyuseanopenofficelayout(布局).ButIreG
centlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhis
approachworks.
Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsof
noiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsof
creativethinking.Theywererandomlydivided
intofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoise
levelsinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50
decibels (分 贝),70decibels,and85decibels.
Thedifferencesbetween mostofthegroups
werestatisticalyinsignificant;however,theparG
ticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup-thoseexG
posedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackground
chatterinacoffeeshop-significantlyoutperG
formedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffectswere
smal,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkG
ingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototal
silenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.
Butsincetheresultsat70decibelswere
significant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattheright
levelofbackgroundnoise-nottooloudandnottoG
talsilence-mayactualyimproveonescreative
thinkingability.Therightlevelofbackground
noise mayinterrupt our normalpatterns of
thinkingjustenoughtoalowourimaginations
towander,withoutmakingitimpossibletofoG
cus.Thiskindof“distractedfocus”appearstobe
thebeststateforworkingoncreativetasks.
SowhydosomanyofushateouropenofG
fices? Theproblem maybethat,inouroffices,
wecantstopourselvesfromgettingdrawninto
othersconversationswhileweretryingtofoG
cus.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatfaceGtoG
faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthe
creativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceora
coffeeshop providesacertainlevelofnoise
whilealso providingfreedom from interrupG
tions.
32.Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworking
space?
A.Ithelpshimconcentrate.
B.Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.
C.Ithasapleasantatmosphere.
D.ItencouragesfaceGtoGfaceinteractions.
33.WhichlevelofbackgroundnoisemayproG
motecreativethinkingability?
A.Totalsilence. B.50decibels.
C.70decibels. D.85decibels.
34.Whatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometo
manypeople?
A.Personalprivacyunprotected.
B.Limitedworkingspace.
C.Restrictionsongroupdiscussion.
D.Constantinterruptions.
35.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthe
text?
A.Hesanewsreporter.
B.Hesanofficemanager.
C.Hesaprofessionaldesigner.
D.Hesapublishedwriter.
28
最新真题分类特训英语
Passage8(2021新高考Ⅰ卷,C篇)
题材 保护水生生物 体裁 说明文 词数 451 建议用时 8′ 难度:
Whentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthe
continentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlands
werealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildG
life.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthese
preciousnaturalresourceswisely.UnfortunateG
ly,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofolG
lowedonlyafew decadestodecimatealarge
partoftheseresources.Milionsofwaterfowl
(水禽)werekiledatthehandsofmarkethuntG
ersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsG
men.Milionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedto
feedandhousetheeverGincreasingpopulations,
greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat(栖息地).
In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratory
BirdHuntingStampAct(Act),anincreasingly
concernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedeG
structionofmigratory(迁徙的)waterfowland
thewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.Under
thisAct,al waterfowlhunters16yearsofage
andover mustannualypurchaseandcarrya
FederalDuck Stamp.The veryfirst Federal
DuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N.“Ding”DarG
ling,apoliticalcartoonistfrom DesMoines,IoG
wa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresiG
dentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBuG
reauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswilinglypay
thestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofour
naturalresources.
About98centsofeveryduckstampdolar
goesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservaG
tionFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabG
itatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefG
ugeSystem-afactthatensuresthislandwilbe
protectedandavailableforal generationsto
come.Since 1934,betterthan halfa bilion
dolarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchase
morethan5milionacresofhabitat.LittlewonG
dertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeen
caledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservation
programseverinitiated.
28.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulaG
tiondeclineinNorthAmerica?
A.Lossofwetlands.
B.Popularityofwatersports.
C.Polutionofrivers.
D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.
29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “decimate”
meaninthefirstparagraph?
A.Acquire. B.Export.
C.Destroy. D.Distribute.
30.Whatisadirectresultofthe Actpassed
in1934?
A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.
B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.
C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.
D.Thegovernmenthascolectedmoney.
31.Whichofthefolowingisasuitabletitlefor
thetext?
A.TheFederalDuckStampStory
B.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem
C.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowl
D.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting
38
第一部分 阅读理解
3.灾害防范
Passage(2024浙江1月卷,C篇)
题材 人工降雨防雹的利弊 体裁 说明文 词数 313 建议用时 6′ 难度:
OnSeptember7,1991,thecostliesthailG
storm(雹暴)inCanadianhistoryhitCalgarys
southernsuburbs.Asaresult,since1996a
groupofinsurancecompanieshavespentabout
$2milionperyearontheAlbertaHailSupG
pression Project.Airplanes seed threatening
stormcelswithachemicaltomakesmalicecrystals
falasrainbeforetheycangrowintodangeroushailG
stones.ButfarmersineastGcentralAlberta— downG
windofthehailprojectflights— worrythatprecious
moisture(水分)isbeingstolenfromtheirthirstyland
bythecloudseeding.
NormanStienwand,whofarmsinthatareG
a,hasbeenaddressingpublicmeetingsonthis
issueforyears.“Basicaly,theprovincialgovG
ernmentislettingtheinsurancecompaniesproG
tectthe CalgaryGEdmonton urban areafrom
hail,”Mr.Stienwandsays,“buttheyreincreasG
ingdroughtriskasfareastasSaskatchewan.”
TheAlbertahailprojectismanagedbyTerG
ry Krauss,acloud physicist who worksfor
WeatherModificationInc.ofFargo,NorthDaG
kota.“Weaffectonlyaverysmalpercentageof
thetotalmoistureintheair,sowecannotbe
causingdrought,”Dr.Krausssays.“Infact,we
maybehelpingincreasethemoisturedownwind
bycreatingwetterground.”
OnedoubteraboutthesafetyofcloudseeG
dingisChuckDoswel,aresearchscientistwho
justretiredfromtheUniversityofOklahoma.
“In1999,Ipersonalysawsignificanttornadoes
(龙卷风)formfromaseededstormcelinKanG
sas,”Dr.Doswelsays.“DoescloudseedingcreG
atekilerstormsorreducemoisturedownwind?
Noonerealyknows,ofcourse,buttheseeding
goeson.”
Giventhedegreeofdoubt,Mr.Stienwand
suggests,“itwouldbewisetostopcloudseeG
ding.”Inpractice,doubthashadtheopposite
effect.DuetothelackofscientificproofconG
cerningtheirimpacts,noonehassucceededin
winningalawsuitagainstcloudGseedingcompaG
nies.Hence,privateclimateengineering can
proceedinrelativelegalsafety.
28.Whatdoestheprojectaimtodo?
A.Conservemoistureinthesoil.
B.Preventtheformationofhailstones.
C.Forecastdisastroushailstorms.
D.Investigatechemicaluseinfarming.
29.Whoareopposedtotheproject?
A.FarmersineastGcentralAlberta.
B.Managersofinsurancecompanies.
C.Provincialgovernmentofficials.
D.ResidentsofCalgaryandEdmonton.
30.WhydoesDr.Doswelmentionthetornadoes
hesawin1999?
A.Tocomparedifferentkindsofseeding
methods.
B.ToilustratethedevelopmentofbighailG
storms.
C.ToindicateapossibledangerofcloudseeG
ding.
D.Toshow thelinkbetweenstormsand
moisture.
31.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?
A.ScientificstudieshaveprovedStienwand
right.
B.Privateclimateengineeringisilegalin
Canada.
C.ThedoubtaboutcloudseedinghasdisapG
peared.
D.CloudGseedingcompanieswilcontinueto
exist.
48
最新真题分类特训英语