精品解析：河北省衡水市冀州区河北冀州中学2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

2024～2025学年度高二下学期期末质量检测 英 语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will Mary probably do before skiing next time? A Have a good rest. B. Wear better shoes. C. Take a training course. 2. How will the woman pay? A. In cash. B. By credit card. C. By cheque. 3. Where is the gas station? A. On North Street. B. On Fifth Avenue. C. On Turner Lane. 4. How much should the woman pay? A. $38. B. $35. C.$34. 5. What does the woman think of the art exhibition? A. Most unwelcome. B. Quite fantastic. C. Extremely boring. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Reporter and interviewee. B. Teacher and student. C. Host and audience. 7. Why was the book delayed? A. The writer doesn’t like the cover. B The publisher was short of money. C. The special paper was not available. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What will Peter do during the summer vacation? A. Wash dishes for others. B. Set up his own business. C. Work at his father’s company. 9. What does Peter advise the woman to do? A. Help children study. B. Deliver newspapers. C. Play with students. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why will the speakers eat out tonight? A. The electricity is cut off. B. They find cooking boring. C. They can’t cook without water. 11. What does the man intend to eat? A. Chinese food. B. Indian food. C. Italian food. 12. How will the speakers go to the restaurant? A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Turn on the music. B. Turn up the radio. C. Turn down the music. 14. Which type of music does the man prefer? A. Rock music. B. Country music. C. Classical music. 15. What will the speakers do next? A. Go home. B. Watch TV. C. Have supper. 16. Where are the speakers probably? A. At the woman’s house. B. On the bus. C. At the cinema. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How old was Aelita when her first painting was displayed in London? A. 4 years old. B. 22 months old. C. 9 months old. 18. What was the lowest price of Aelita’s work? A. $4,000. B. $10,000. C. $14,000. 19. What was Aelita’s achievement in 2020? A. She sold her painting to Jackson Pollock. B. She had her exhibition in America. C. She won Global Child Prodigy Awards. 20. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To encourage people to learn to paint. B. To introduce a really gifted artist. C. To describe his love of abstract paintings. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Discover the secrets of the UK’s natural landscapes and the creatures with these new travel books. North York Moors & Yorkshire Wolds A “slow travel” guide to one of Britain’s most beloved landscapes, this newly updated book remains the only stand-alone guide to Yorkshire. Written by travel writer Mike Bagshaw, it takes in sandy beaches, woodlands, grasslands and wetlands. It has information on walking and cycling paths, as well as wildlife-watching areas for such sea animals as whales and dolphins. Bradt Guides, £16. Springwatch Explore the UK’s richest regions for wildlife with 100 walks chosen for their unique scenery. Written by travel journalist Luke Waterson, with an introduction by Chris Packham, this new guide is based on the current BBC TV series and features walks that best reveal the diversity of British nature. With easy-to-follow maps and plenty of inspiring details on why the natural landscapes are so special, this is a walker’s best companion. BBC Books, £19. Wild Isles This rich photographic guide accompanies the new BBC TV series of the same name, which sees Sir David Attenborough celebrate the wonders of British wildlife across a range of destinations. Written by natural history journalist Patrick Barkham, each chapter of the book focuses on a particular kind of wild space, from our wide variety of grasslands to our ocean shores, woodlands and forests. HarperCollins, £25. Flight Paths Spring brings new bird life to the UK’s shores, but until recently little was known about the birds’ seasonal journeys. Written by science writer Rebecca Heisman, it brings much-needed insight into how best to protect and conserve the birds that visit our islands—and destinations far beyond. Swift Press, £17. 1 How much is Springwatch? A. £16. B. £17. C. £19. D. £25. 2. Who is the author of Wild Isles? A. Luke Waterson. B. Patrick Barkham. C. Rebecca Heisman. D. Sir David Attenborough. 3. What is Flight Paths mainly about? A. Grasslands. B. Large sea animals. C. Ocean shores. D. Birds’ seasonal journeys. B Joe Bagley, a 20-year-old “jungle boy”, has turned his one-bedroom apartment in Lough borough, UK, into an indoor jungle with over 1,400 potted plants. You can find all sorts of plants growing in Joe Bagley’s home. They are everywhere, on the dining table, on bookshelves, even in the bathroom, pretty much wherever there is any spare space that hasn’t been occupied by something else. There isn’t that much space available —1,400 potted plants into it have made it look like a sort of indoor urban jungle. “Every room is packed,” the houseplant enthusiast said. “I’m always thinking of new places to put more. I have some plants in here and I don’t know where they came from. I can’t remember buying them. It’s like I have an addiction.” Joe’s love for houseplants started when he was 13, after his grandmother, who lives right across the street, gifted him a cutting of her spider plant. As the South African plant grew and blossomed (开花), so did his love for houseplants. These days he works in a garden center, spends his free time either caring for his plants or reading articles and studies about them, and claims (声称) to have developed a kind of “sixth sense” when it comes to taking care of them. “I have a sixth sense for knowing when something needs watering. I can just be walking past a plant and I know,” he said. Through the last seven years, Joe Bagley has accumulated a wealth of plant knowledge, and he recently created his own website, where he publishes all sorts of helpful information for fellow plant enthusiasts and he also answers their questions about plant care. His dream is to one day open his own plant-filled “jungle café”, which he describes as his ideal business. 4. What can we know about Joe Bagley’s apartment? A. It is messy and dirty. B. It is lying in a jungle. C. It is filled with plants. D. It is a tourist attraction. 5. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. Why Joe Bagley’s grandmother loved plants. B. How Joe Bagley fell in love with houseplants. C. When Joe Bagley’s gift for gardening showed. D. What Joe Bagley loved best about houseplants. 6. Which of the following best describes Joe Bagley regarding plant care? A. Creative and determined. B. Hardworking but careless. C. Optimistic but inactive. D. Enthusiastic and professional. 7. Why did Joe Bagley create his own website? A. To advertise his “jungle cafe”. B. To raise money from others. C. To share his plant knowledge. D. To do business with gardeners. C Ride-sharing services are thought to help to reduce pollution since fewer people use private vehicles and cause carbon dioxide．However, a new study has found that these services result in much more pollution than other kinds of private and public transportation．Ride-sharing trips also draw passengers away from more environmentally-friendly methods of travel, like public transportation, walking or biking, the study found． Several studies in recent years have suggested that ride-sharing services like Uber and Lyft can worsen traffic problems in cities, which continue to have high rates of private vehicle ownership． The new study, carried out by the nonprofit group Union of Concerned Scientists, represents an attempt to center on how ride-sharing services affect pollution．The research examined the effects of ride-sharing services on seven of America's largest cities．Overall, the researchers reported that ride-sharing trips now “result in about 69 percent more climate pollution on average than the trips they replace”．The study notes that the same passengers could have chosen to travel by bus, train, bike, scooter(小型摩托车)or on foot． One of the big reasons they give for this result is that ride-sharing vehicles are often driven with no passengers in the car．This happens when drivers are either waiting for rider requests, are on the way to pick up passengers or are driving between pickups． This situation, known as“deadheading” takes up about 42 percent of the ride-sharing driving activity, the study found．The researchers said that “deadheading” results in about 50 percent more carbon dioxide than one person driving in a private vehicle． The study urges services like Uber and Lyft to increase the number of electric vehicles on the road and to improve connections to public transportation centers．The two companies already operate businesses that offer electric scooters and bikes and have begun to include public transportation information in their systems．In some cities, they have also promoted vehicle electrification． 8. According to the text, it is generally thought that car-sharing services _____________． A. lower the price of private cars B. guarantee a healthier lifestyle C. greatly cut down travel expenses D. are environmentally-friendly 9. What is the biggest cause of more ride-sharing pollution? A. The so-called “deadheading”． B. The old way vehicles travel． C. The huge number of passengers． D. The unfamiliar ride-sharing trips． 10. What can we say about the study? A. It is opposed by ride-sharing services． B. It is actually of practical significance． C. It requires improving in the long term． D. It earns much money for Uber and Lyft． 11. From which part of a newspaper is the text most probably taken? A. Travel． B. Technology． C. Economy． D. Environment． D An international team of specialists, led by the University of Bristol, is close to telling secrets about the ancient decorated ostrich(鸵鸟）eggs． The team, led by Bristol's Dr．Tamar Hodos, examined ostrich eggs from the British Museum's collection．Using advanced scanning technology, Dr．Caroline Cartwright, senior scientist at the British Museum could study the eggs’ chemical makeup to pinpoint these luxury(奢侈）goods' origin and how they were made． In the study, the researchers describe for the first time the surprisingly complex system behind ostrich egg production． This includes evidence about where the ostrich eggs were sourced, if the ostriches were wild, and how the methods for production were related to techniques and materials in specific areas． Dr．Hodos and colleagues believe eggs were taken from wild birds’ nests, This was no ordinary egg-hunt—ostriches could be extremely dangerous so there was a huge risk when taking eggs from wild birds, “We also find eggs require time to dry before the shell can be carved and therefore require safe storage．This has effect on economy, since storage needs a long-term investment and this would also add to an egg's value,” said Dr．Hodos． Dr．Hodos explained, “We are assessing not only how ancient luxuries were produced but also how they were used．These questions are incredibly important for our own society today, in which the same object may have different social or symbolic meanings．Such knowledge can lead to tolerance and respect in a multi-cultural society．If we can understand these mechanisms in the past, for which we have long-term outcomes in terms of social development, we can use this knowledge to better inform our own society．” Dr．Caroline Cartwright said,“The British Museum is delighted to cooperate with colleagues at the universities．We look forward to continuing to work with university partners to explore the Museum's collection．” 12. What is the meaning of the underlined word “pinpoint” in paragraph 2? A. Hide． B. Make up． C. Create． D. Figure out． 13. What does Dr．Hodos probably think of the ostrich eggs? A. Their value mostly depends on their storage methods． B. It isn't an easy task to make ancient luxury ostrich eggs． C. Their process of production is simpler than we expected． D. The methods for their production are impossible to track． 14 Why is it significant to study the ostrich eggs? A. It can offer inspiration for today's society． B. It can save more ostriches from dying out． C. It can help to rebuild a new ancient society． D It can improve the British Museum's status． 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Origin of Decorated Ostrich Eggs． B. The Explanation on Wild Ostrich Eggs． C. The Research on Ancient Ostrich Eggs． D. The Importance of Luxury Ostrich Eggs． 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ___16___ Not only do you have to have something worthwhile to say, but you also have to say it in a way that connects with your audience. If you have ever delivered a speech where you failed to make a connection with your audience, I have good news. In this post, I’m going to discuss how to actually connect with your audience. Talk about What Your Audience Wants You to Talk about This may seem kind of basic, but how do you know you’ re even talking about the things your audience wants you to talk about? Do some basic audience research by contacting people who will be in the audience and interviewing them about a few of the questions they want answered. ___17___ Refer to Audience Members by Name Have you ever noticed how politicians tend to start speeches by mentioning a few of the audience members by name? ___18___ People love to receive recognition, especially if it’s acknowledgment in front of others. So, the next time you speak, don’t be afraid to drop names of people who are in the audience while you’ re speaking. Have a Sense of Humor You ever wonder why so many speeches start with the speaker making a joke. When a speaker starts with a joke, it sends a signal to the audience that they can relax. Unfortunately, audiences have been conditioned by bad speakers to expect to be bored. ___19___ Including a little humor in your speech is actually a great way to get your points across. Wrap Your Points in Relevant Stories ___20___ Nearly every audience would much rather hear stories than receive the information in any other way. But it’s not enough to just tell funny or amusing stories. You need to tell stories which illustrate your points. A. Giving a speech is no easy task. B. There’s a reason why they do that. C. The best speakers understand the power of stories. D. First of all, you should get to know your audience. E. It’s all too easy for audience members’ minds to wander. F. It’s much better to find these things out in advance rather than afterwards. G. Funny stories are enough to narrow the gap between speakers and the audience. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Back in 2007, Uruguay had a serious problem with no obvious answer: The economy was growing very fast, but there wasn’t enough energy to power the rapid ____21____. Then Ramón Méndez Galain, a physicist, started ____22____ different potential paths for Uruguay’s energy future. Finally, he wrote a plan that Uruguay could almost entirely ____23____ renewable energy. There would be less ____24____ and it would be the most economical choice Uruguay could make in the long run. Méndez Galain’s plan was built around two simple ____25____ about his country. First, while there wasn’t a domestic (国内的) supply of coal or oil, there was a great deal of ____26____. Second, that wind blew over a country that was known for ____27____ grassland. His plan for Uruguay’s energy future was to ____28____ the empty grassland into hundreds of wind farms. To solve the problem of how to pay for all those wind farms, Méndez Galain came up with a variation on a(n) ____29____ used by some electric plants in neighboring Brazil, in which state-owned power plants handled energy generation, while _____30_____ companies were in charge of power distribution and customer service. Méndez Galain’s plan changed the relationship to the _____31_____, so that private companies would be in charge of setting up and _____32_____ the wind farms, while the state-owned power companies would distribute that energy to its customers. The strategy worked _____33_____ well. Just within a few years, Méndez Galain had _____34_____ what he had set out to do: 98% of Uruguay’s _____35_____ comes from renewable sources. 21. A. decline B. growth C. consumption D. program 22. A. building B. blocking C. repairing D. seeking 23. A. rely on B. find out C. refer to D. give up 24. A. risk B. power C. pollution D. benefit 25. A. facts B. theories C. answers D. principles 26. A. water B. light C. wind D. ice 27. A. tended B. undeveloped C. protected D. limited 28. A. break B. put C. send D. turn 29. A. tool B. software C. image D. approach 30. A. responsible B. weak C. private D. profitable 31. A. public B. opposite C. rich D. powerful 32. A. managing B. selling C. abandoning D. starting 33. A. hardly B. relatively C. unexpectedly D. rarely 34. A. forgotten B. achieved C. apologized D. approved 35. A. income B. food C. supply D. electricity 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Astronomers have published a major finding___36___(recent): A black hole has been releasing energy from a small star___37___was shredded (吞噬) in 2018, after two years in which it didn’t emit (发射) any such material. “Super unusual,” said Yvette Cendes, an astronomer at Harvard. “We’ve never really seen this before to this degree.” Researchers made the___38___ (discover) when they used a___39___ (power) radio telescope facility to check some two dozen black holes where stars had been shredded after ___40___(come) too close to them. Such happenings___41___(call) tidal disruption (潮汐破坏) events, or TDEs. What they found was that one of the TDEs was emitting energy at an unusual speed___42___at a very surprising time: more than two years after the event. This behavior is different from what has been observed in black holes before, in two ways. First, the timing: it’s more common___43___(see) radio emissions from black holes within the first few months after swallowing a star. And second, the energy emitted in this case doesn’t quite fit in___44___what astronomers have seen before. In most cases of black holes swallowing stars, perhaps 99%, the outflow is lower in energy. And in 1% of cases, that outflow, at about half the speed of light, rarely____45____ (occur). 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40分) 第一节 (满分15 分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Allen计划来你的家乡旅游，发邮件向你询问有关景点情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 推荐景点； 2. 说明理由； 3. 表达期待。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Allen, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was a boy, I had the craziest bus ride to school everyday. First I had to get up early, wolf down my breakfast, and walk across the shaky and swinging wooden bridge that crossed the river between our house and the main road. Then I stood and waited for the bus to arrive. When it got there I climbed in. I was always one of the first ones on the bus. Then even though the bus was only 4 miles from school, I started a ride that would last more than 45 minutes. First, the bus went in the opposite direction for 6 miles, parked and waited for another bus to transfer kids onto it. Then it started back, but instead of going straight to my school, it started up a long and winding mountain road pausing at every house to pick up more kids. The road swirled around the mountain and back down with the bus getting fuller, louder, and noisier with each stop. Finally, it arrived at the high school to drop off the older kids before heading on to my grade school. But even then it didn’t go straight there but instead headed down another rocky dirt road that was full of potholes to pick up even more children. I usually got to the school stressed, tired, and just before the first class bell rang. Thankfully, the ride home was different. During it the last kids picked up became the first kids dropped off. But I was different. Since my house was along the way, I got dropped off after just 10 minutes or so. I remember I would literally run across that shaky old bridge because I was so happy to be home again. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Looking back now I can see my whole life here has been one crazy long bus ride. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Do your best to enjoy the ride this life gives you. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024～2025学年度高二下学期期末质量检测 英 语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will Mary probably do before skiing next time? A. Have a good rest. B. Wear better shoes. C. Take a training course. 2. How will the woman pay? A. In cash. B. By credit card. C. By cheque. 3. Where is the gas station? A. On North Street. B. On Fifth Avenue. C. On Turner Lane. 4. How much should the woman pay? A. $38. B. $35. C.$34. 5. What does the woman think of the art exhibition? A. Most unwelcome. B. Quite fantastic. C. Extremely boring. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Reporter and interviewee. B. Teacher and student. C. Host and audience. 7. Why was the book delayed? A. The writer doesn’t like the cover. B. The publisher was short of money. C. The special paper was not available. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What will Peter do during the summer vacation? A. Wash dishes for others. B. Set up his own business. C. Work at his father’s company. 9. What does Peter advise the woman to do? A. Help children study. B. Deliver newspapers. C. Play with students. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why will the speakers eat out tonight? A. The electricity is cut off. B. They find cooking boring. C. They can’t cook without water. 11. What does the man intend to eat? A. Chinese food. B. Indian food. C. Italian food. 12. How will the speakers go to the restaurant? A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Turn on the music. B. Turn up the radio. C. Turn down the music. 14. Which type of music does the man prefer? A. Rock music. B. Country music. C. Classical music. 15. What will the speakers do next? A. Go home. B. Watch TV. C. Have supper. 16. Where are the speakers probably? A At the woman’s house. B. On the bus. C. At the cinema. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How old was Aelita when her first painting was displayed in London? A. 4 years old. B. 22 months old. C. 9 months old. 18. What was the lowest price of Aelita’s work? A. $4,000. B. $10,000. C. $14,000. 19. What was Aelita’s achievement in 2020? A. She sold her painting to Jackson Pollock. B. She had her exhibition in America. C She won Global Child Prodigy Awards. 20. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To encourage people to learn to paint. B. To introduce a really gifted artist. C. To describe his love of abstract paintings. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Discover the secrets of the UK’s natural landscapes and the creatures with these new travel books. North York Moors & Yorkshire Wolds A “slow travel” guide to one of Britain’s most beloved landscapes, this newly updated book remains the only stand-alone guide to Yorkshire. Written by travel writer Mike Bagshaw, it takes in sandy beaches, woodlands, grasslands and wetlands. It has information on walking and cycling paths, as well as wildlife-watching areas for such sea animals as whales and dolphins. Bradt Guides, £16. Springwatch Explore the UK’s richest regions for wildlife with 100 walks chosen for their unique scenery. Written by travel journalist Luke Waterson, with an introduction by Chris Packham, this new guide is based on the current BBC TV series and features walks that best reveal the diversity of British nature. With easy-to-follow maps and plenty of inspiring details on why the natural landscapes are so special, this is a walker’s best companion. BBC Books, £19. Wild Isles This rich photographic guide accompanies the new BBC TV series of the same name, which sees Sir David Attenborough celebrate the wonders of British wildlife across a range of destinations. Written by natural history journalist Patrick Barkham, each chapter of the book focuses on a particular kind of wild space, from our wide variety of grasslands to our ocean shores, woodlands and forests. HarperCollins, £25. Flight Paths Spring brings new bird life to the UK’s shores, but until recently little was known about the birds’ seasonal journeys. Written by science writer Rebecca Heisman, it brings much-needed insight into how best to protect and conserve the birds that visit our islands—and destinations far beyond. Swift Press, £17. 1. How much is Springwatch? A. £16. B. £17. C. £19. D. £25. 2. Who is the author of Wild Isles? A. Luke Waterson. B. Patrick Barkham. C. Rebecca Heisman. D. Sir David Attenborough. 3. What is Flight Paths mainly about? A. Grasslands. B. Large sea animals. C. Ocean shores. D. Birds’ seasonal journeys. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本旅游书籍。 【详解】1.细节理解题。根据Springwatch一节中“BBC Books, £19.”可知，这本书价值19英镑，故选C。 2.细节理解题。根据Wild Isles一节中“Written by natural history journalist Patrick Barkham,(由自然历史记者帕特里克·巴克汉姆（Patrick Barkham）撰写)”可知，该书的作者是Patrick Barkham。故选B。 3.细节理解题。根据Flight Paths一节中“…but until recently little was known about the birds’ seasonal journeys.(但直到最近人们对这些鸟类的季节性迁徙还知之甚少)”可知，这本书很可能讲的是鸟类的季节性迁徙。故选D。 B Joe Bagley, a 20-year-old “jungle boy”, has turned his one-bedroom apartment in Lough borough, UK, into an indoor jungle with over 1,400 potted plants. You can find all sorts of plants growing in Joe Bagley’s home. They are everywhere, on the dining table, on bookshelves, even in the bathroom, pretty much wherever there is any spare space that hasn’t been occupied by something else. There isn’t that much space available —1,400 potted plants into it have made it look like a sort of indoor urban jungle. “Every room is packed,” the houseplant enthusiast said. “I’m always thinking of new places to put more. I have some plants in here and I don’t know where they came from. I can’t remember buying them. It’s like I have an addiction.” Joe’s love for houseplants started when he was 13, after his grandmother, who lives right across the street, gifted him a cutting of her spider plant. As the South African plant grew and blossomed (开花), so did his love for houseplants. These days he works in a garden center, spends his free time either caring for his plants or reading articles and studies about them, and claims (声称) to have developed a kind of “sixth sense” when it comes to taking care of them. “I have a sixth sense for knowing when something needs watering. I can just be walking past a plant and I know,” he said. Through the last seven years, Joe Bagley has accumulated a wealth of plant knowledge, and he recently created his own website, where he publishes all sorts of helpful information for fellow plant enthusiasts and he also answers their questions about plant care. His dream is to one day open his own plant-filled “jungle café”, which he describes as his ideal business. 4. What can we know about Joe Bagley’s apartment? A. It is messy and dirty. B. It is lying in a jungle. C. It is filled with plants. D. It is a tourist attraction. 5. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. Why Joe Bagley’s grandmother loved plants. B. How Joe Bagley fell in love with houseplants. C. When Joe Bagley’s gift for gardening showed. D. What Joe Bagley loved best about houseplants. 6. Which of the following best describes Joe Bagley regarding plant care? A. Creative and determined. B. Hardworking but careless. C. Optimistic but inactive. D. Enthusiastic and professional. 7. Why did Joe Bagley create his own website? A. To advertise his “jungle cafe”. B. To raise money from others. C. To share his plant knowledge. D. To do business with gardeners. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了一个“丛林男孩”在自己的公寓摆满了盆栽植物的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段You can find all sorts of plants growing in Joe Bagley’s home. They are everywhere, on the dining table, on bookshelves, even in the bathroom, pretty much wherever there is any spare space that hasn’t been occupied by something else.可知，你可以在Joe Bagley的家里找到各种各样的植物。它们无处不在，在餐桌上，书架上，甚至在浴室里，几乎是任何没有被其他东西占据的空余空间。由此可知，Joe Bagley的公寓里都是植物。故选C。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。通读第四段Joe’s love for houseplants started when he was 13, after his grandmother, who lives right across the street, gifted him a cutting of her spider plant. As the South African plant grew and blossomed (开花), so did his love for houseplants.可知，Joe对室内植物的喜爱始于他13岁时，当时住在街对面的祖母把她剪下来的一株蜘蛛花送给了他。随着这种南非植物的生长和开花，他对室内盆栽植物的喜爱也与日俱增你可以在Joe Bagley的家里找到各种各样的植物。由此可知，该段主要是讲Joe Bagley是如何爱上盆栽植物的。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段These days he works in a garden center, spends his free time either caring for his plants or reading articles and studies about them, and claims (声称) to have developed a kind of “sixth sense” when it comes to taking care of them. “I have a sixth sense for knowing when something needs watering. I can just be walking past a plant and I know,” he said.可知，如今，他在一家园艺中心工作，闲暇时间要么照料他的植物，要么阅读有关植物的文章和研究。他声称，在照料这些植物方面，他已经形成了一种“第六感”。“我有第六感，知道什么东西需要浇水。我只要走过一棵植物，我就知道，”他说。由此推知，Joe Bagley在打理植物方面是“满怀热情的”且“专业的”。故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题．根据最后一段Through the last seven years, Joe Bagley has accumulated a wealth of plant knowledge, and he recently created his own website, where he publishes all sorts of helpful information for fellow plant enthusiasts and he also answers their questions about plant care.可知，在过去的七年里，Joe Bagley利积累了丰富的植物知识，最近他创建了自己的网站，在那里他为其他植物爱好者发布各种有用的信息，并回答他们关于植物护理的问题。由此可知，Joe Bagley创建自己的网站是分享他的植物知识。故选C。 C Ride-sharing services are thought to help to reduce pollution since fewer people use private vehicles and cause carbon dioxide．However, a new study has found that these services result in much more pollution than other kinds of private and public transportation．Ride-sharing trips also draw passengers away from more environmentally-friendly methods of travel, like public transportation, walking or biking, the study found． Several studies in recent years have suggested that ride-sharing services like Uber and Lyft can worsen traffic problems in cities, which continue to have high rates of private vehicle ownership． The new study, carried out by the nonprofit group Union of Concerned Scientists, represents an attempt to center on how ride-sharing services affect pollution．The research examined the effects of ride-sharing services on seven of America's largest cities．Overall, the researchers reported that ride-sharing trips now “result in about 69 percent more climate pollution on average than the trips they replace”．The study notes that the same passengers could have chosen to travel by bus, train, bike, scooter(小型摩托车)or on foot． One of the big reasons they give for this result is that ride-sharing vehicles are often driven with no passengers in the car．This happens when drivers are either waiting for rider requests, are on the way to pick up passengers or are driving between pickups． This situation, known as“deadheading” takes up about 42 percent of the ride-sharing driving activity, the study found．The researchers said that “deadheading” results in about 50 percent more carbon dioxide than one person driving in a private vehicle． The study urges services like Uber and Lyft to increase the number of electric vehicles on the road and to improve connections to public transportation centers．The two companies already operate businesses that offer electric scooters and bikes and have begun to include public transportation information in their systems．In some cities, they have also promoted vehicle electrification． 8. According to the text, it is generally thought that car-sharing services _____________． A. lower the price of private cars B. guarantee a healthier lifestyle C. greatly cut down travel expenses D. are environmentally-friendly 9. What is the biggest cause of more ride-sharing pollution? A. The so-called “deadheading”． B. The old way vehicles travel． C. The huge number of passengers． D. The unfamiliar ride-sharing trips． 10. What can we say about the study? A. It is opposed by ride-sharing services． B. It is actually of practical significance． C. It requires improving in the long term． D. It earns much money for Uber and Lyft． 11. From which part of a newspaper is the text most probably taken? A. Travel． B. Technology． C. Economy． D. Environment． 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。拼车服务通常被认为有助于减少污染。但研究表明，拼车出行造成的气候污染比公共交通平均高出69%。其中最主要的原因是“放空车驾驶”。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Ride-sharing services are thought to help to reduce pollution since fewer people use private vehicles …．（拼车服务被认为有助于减少污染，因为使用私家车的人越来越少）”可知，人们通常认为汽车共享服务是对环境有利的。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。文章第四段中提到“One of the big reasons they give for this result is that ride-sharing vehicles are often driven with no passengers in the car．（关于这个结果，他们给出的一个重要原因是：拼车的车辆经常是没有乘客而车还在驾驶。）和第五段中“The researchers said that “deadheading” results in about 50 percent more carbon dioxide than one person driving in a private vehicle．（研究人员说，“放空车驾驶”导致的二氧化碳比一个人驾驶的私家车多50%。）”由此可知，拼车污染加剧的最大原因是所谓的“放空车驾驶”。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。文章最后一段中提到“The study urges services like Uber and Lyft to increase the number of electric vehicles on the road and to improve connections to public transportation centers．”由于该项研究，Uber和Lyft等服务公司增加道路上的电动汽车数量，并改善与公共交通中心的连接。由此可以推断，这项研究在改善公共交通方面有着实际的意义。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，文章是关于拼车服务比其他类型的私人交通和公共交通造成了更多的污染。话题与环境污染有关。因此可以推断，这篇文章最可能来自于报纸上与环境有关的部分。故选D。 D An international team of specialists, led by the University of Bristol, is close to telling secrets about the ancient decorated ostrich(鸵鸟）eggs． The team, led by Bristol's Dr．Tamar Hodos, examined ostrich eggs from the British Museum's collection．Using advanced scanning technology, Dr．Caroline Cartwright, senior scientist at the British Museum could study the eggs’ chemical makeup to pinpoint these luxury(奢侈）goods' origin and how they were made． In the study, the researchers describe for the first time the surprisingly complex system behind ostrich egg production． This includes evidence about where the ostrich eggs were sourced, if the ostriches were wild, and how the methods for production were related to techniques and materials in specific areas． Dr．Hodos and colleagues believe eggs were taken from wild birds’ nests, This was no ordinary egg-hunt—ostriches could be extremely dangerous so there was a huge risk when taking eggs from wild birds, “We also find eggs require time to dry before the shell can be carved and therefore require safe storage．This has effect on economy, since storage needs a long-term investment and this would also add to an egg's value,” said Dr．Hodos． Dr．Hodos explained, “We are assessing not only how ancient luxuries were produced but also how they were used．These questions are incredibly important for our own society today, in which the same object may have different social or symbolic meanings．Such knowledge can lead to tolerance and respect in a multi-cultural society．If we can understand these mechanisms in the past, for which we have long-term outcomes in terms of social development, we can use this knowledge to better inform our own society．” Dr．Caroline Cartwright said,“The British Museum is delighted to cooperate with colleagues at the universities．We look forward to continuing to work with university partners to explore the Museum's collection．” 12. What is the meaning of the underlined word “pinpoint” in paragraph 2? A. Hide． B. Make up． C. Create． D. Figure out． 13. What does Dr．Hodos probably think of the ostrich eggs? A. Their value mostly depends on their storage methods． B. It isn't an easy task to make ancient luxury ostrich eggs． C. Their process of production is simpler than we expected． D. The methods for their production are impossible to track． 14. Why is it significant to study the ostrich eggs? A. It can offer inspiration for today's society． B. It can save more ostriches from dying out． C. It can help to rebuild a new ancient society． D. It can improve the British Museum's status． 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Origin of Decorated Ostrich Eggs． B. The Explanation on Wild Ostrich Eggs． C. The Research on Ancient Ostrich Eggs． D. The Importance of Luxury Ostrich Eggs． 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了科学家对古代奢侈品——装饰性鸵鸟蛋的来源和生产进行了研究，结果发现它的来源和生产很复杂。 【12题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段“Using advanced scanning technology, Dr．Caroline Cartwright, senior scientist at the British Museum could study the eggs’ chemical makeup．”利用先进的扫描技术，大英博物馆的高级科学家卡罗琳·卡特赖特博士可以研究鸡蛋的化学组成。可推断，研究鸵鸟蛋的化学组成就是为了弄明白这些奢侈品的起源及制作过程”。由此可知，画线词与Figure out的意思最为接近。故选D项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段Dr．Hodos and colleagues believe eggs were taken from wild birds’ nests, This was no ordinary egg-hunt—ostriches could be extremely dangerous so there was a huge risk when taking eggs from wild birds, “We also find eggs require time to dry before the shell can be carved and therefore require safe storage．Hodos博士和他的同事认为蛋是从野鸟的巢穴里取出来的，这不是普通的猎蛋。鸵鸟可能是极其危险的，所以从野鸟身上取蛋时存在着巨大的风险，“我们还发现鸡蛋需要时间来干燥，然后才能切割外壳，因此需要安全的储存。由此可推断， Dr．Hodos 认为制作古代奢华的鸵鸟蛋不是件容易的事。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“These questions are incredibly important for our own society today, in which the same object may have different social or symbolic meanings．Such knowledge can lead to tolerance and respect in a multi-cultural society” 这些问题对于我们今天的社会来说是非常重要的，同样的事物可能会有不同的社会或象征意义。在多元文化社会中，这种知识可以导致容忍和尊重。可知，研究古时候的装饰鸵鸟蛋对当今社会有启示意义。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段“An international team of specialists, led by the University of Bristol, is close to telling secrets about the ancient decorated ostrich(鸵鸟）eggs” 由布里斯托大学领导的一个国际专家小组即将揭开古代装饰鸵鸟蛋的秘密。可知，本文主要介绍了关于古代奢侈品——装饰性鸵鸟蛋的研究。短文的最佳标题为“对于古代鸵鸟蛋的研究”。故选C项。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ___16___ Not only do you have to have something worthwhile to say, but you also have to say it in a way that connects with your audience. If you have ever delivered a speech where you failed to make a connection with your audience, I have good news. In this post, I’m going to discuss how to actually connect with your audience. Talk about What Your Audience Wants You to Talk about This may seem kind of basic, but how do you know you’ re even talking about the things your audience wants you to talk about? Do some basic audience research by contacting people who will be in the audience and interviewing them about a few of the questions they want answered. ___17___ Refer to Audience Members by Name Have you ever noticed how politicians tend to start speeches by mentioning a few of the audience members by name? ___18___ People love to receive recognition, especially if it’s acknowledgment in front of others. So, the next time you speak, don’t be afraid to drop names of people who are in the audience while you’ re speaking. Have a Sense of Humor You ever wonder why so many speeches start with the speaker making a joke. When a speaker starts with a joke, it sends a signal to the audience that they can relax. Unfortunately, audiences have been conditioned by bad speakers to expect to be bored. ___19___ Including a little humor in your speech is actually a great way to get your points across. Wrap Your Points in Relevant Stories ___20___ Nearly every audience would much rather hear stories than receive the information in any other way. But it’s not enough to just tell funny or amusing stories. You need to tell stories which illustrate your points. A. Giving a speech is no easy task. B. There’s a reason why they do that. C. The best speakers understand the power of stories. D. First of all, you should get to know your audience. E. It’s all too easy for audience members’ minds to wander. F. It’s much better to find these things out in advance rather than afterwards. G. Funny stories are enough to narrow the gap between speakers and the audience. 【答案】16. A 17. F 18. B 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了演讲中如何真正地与听众建立联系。 【16题详解】 根据后文“Not only do you have to have something worthwhile to say, but you also have to say it in a way that connects with your audience. If you have ever delivered a speech where you failed to make a connection with your audience, I have good news. In this post, I’m going to discuss how to actually connect with your audience.(不仅要说些有价值的内容，而且还要以一种能与听众产生共鸣的方式进行表达。如果你曾经发表过一场演讲却未能与听众建立联系，那么我要告诉你一个好消息。在这篇文章中，我将探讨如何真正地与听众建立联系)”可知，后文主要说明了演讲的困难性，故A选项“演讲并非易事”符合语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 根据上文“This may seem kind of basic, but how do you know you’ re even talking about the things your audience wants you to talk about? Do some basic audience research by contacting people who will be in the audience and interviewing them about a few of the questions they want answered.(这可能看起来有点简单，但你如何才能确定自己所谈论的内容正是你的听众希望你谈论的呢？可以通过与即将到场的观众取得联系，并就他们希望得到解答的一些问题对他们进行访谈来开展一些基本的受众调研)”可知，上文提到展开基本的受众调研，本句为本段最后一句，说明这么做的作用。故F选项“更好地提前了解这些情况要比事后才知道要好得多”符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Have you ever noticed how politicians tend to start speeches by mentioning a few of the audience members by name?(你有没有注意到，政客们在发表演讲时往往会先提到几位听众的名字？)”以及后文“People love to receive recognition, especially if it’s acknowledgment in front of others. So, the next time you speak, don’t be afraid to drop names of people who are in the audience while you’ re speaking. (人们非常渴望得到认可，尤其是当这种认可是在众人面前给予的时候。所以，下次你发言时，不要害怕在讲话过程中提及在场的听众的名字)”可知，本句为过渡句，引出后文做法的原因。故B选项“他们这样做是有原因的”符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文“You ever wonder why so many speeches start with the speaker making a joke. When a speaker starts with a joke, it sends a signal to the audience that they can relax. Unfortunately, audiences have been conditioned by bad speakers to expect to be bored.(你是否曾思考过为何许多演讲总是以讲个笑话作为开头呢？当演讲者以笑话开场时，会向听众传递一个信号，即他们可以放松下来。然而不幸的是，听众们由于受到糟糕演讲者的误导，已经习惯了在演讲中感到无聊)”可知，上文提到观众感到无聊，本句承接上文，说明感到无聊会导致的结果。故E选项“观众的思绪很容易走神”符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据后文“Nearly every audience would much rather hear stories than receive the information in any other way. But it’s not enough to just tell funny or amusing stories. You need to tell stories which illustrate your points. (几乎所有的听众都更愿意听故事，而不是通过其他方式获取信息。但仅仅讲述有趣或令人发笑的故事是不够的。你需要讲述能够阐明你观点的故事)”可知，后文提到听众更愿意听故事，推测是在建议利用故事的力量，C选项stories对应后文stories。故C选项“最出色的演讲者深知故事的力量”符合语境。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Back in 2007, Uruguay had a serious problem with no obvious answer: The economy was growing very fast, but there wasn’t enough energy to power the rapid ____21____. Then Ramón Méndez Galain a physicist, started ____22____ different potential paths for Uruguay’s energy future. Finally, he wrote a plan that Uruguay could almost entirely ____23____ renewable energy. There would be less ____24____ and it would be the most economical choice Uruguay could make in the long run. Méndez Galain’s plan was built around two simple ____25____ about his country. First, while there wasn’t a domestic (国内的) supply of coal or oil, there was a great deal of ____26____. Second, that wind blew over a country that was known for ____27____ grassland. His plan for Uruguay’s energy future was to ____28____ the empty grassland into hundreds of wind farms. To solve the problem of how to pay for all those wind farms, Méndez Galain came up with a variation on a(n) ____29____ used by some electric plants in neighboring Brazil, in which state-owned power plants handled energy generation, while _____30_____ companies were in charge of power distribution and customer service. Méndez Galain’s plan changed the relationship to the _____31_____, so that private companies would be in charge of setting up and _____32_____ the wind farms, while the state-owned power companies would distribute that energy to its customers. The strategy worked _____33_____ well. Just within a few years, Méndez Galain had _____34_____ what he had set out to do: 98% of Uruguay’s _____35_____ comes from renewable sources. 21 A. decline B. growth C. consumption D. program 22. A. building B. blocking C. repairing D. seeking 23. A. rely on B. find out C. refer to D. give up 24. A. risk B. power C. pollution D. benefit 25. A. facts B. theories C. answers D. principles 26. A. water B. light C. wind D. ice 27. A. tended B. undeveloped C. protected D. limited 28. A. break B. put C. send D. turn 29. A. tool B. software C. image D. approach 30. A. responsible B. weak C. private D. profitable 31. A. public B. opposite C. rich D. powerful 32. A. managing B. selling C. abandoning D. starting 33. A. hardly B. relatively C. unexpectedly D. rarely 34. A. forgotten B. achieved C. apologized D. approved 35. A. income B. food C. supply D. electricity 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。物理学家Méndez Galain制定了一个计划，帮助乌拉圭实现了98%的电力来自可再生能源。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：早在2007年，乌拉圭就遇到了一个严重的问题，但没有明显的答案：经济增长非常快，但没有足够的能源来推动这种快速增长。A. decline下降；B. growth增长；C. consumption消耗；D. program程序。根据前文“The economy was growing very fast, but there wasn’t enough energy”可知，乌拉圭的经济增长非常快，但没有足够的能源来推动这种快速增长。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后物理学家Ramón Méndez Galain开始为乌拉圭的能源未来寻找不同的潜在途径。A. building建立；B. blocking阻断；C. repairing修复；D. seeking寻求。根据后文“different potential paths for Uruguay’s energy future”可知，物理学家Ramón Méndez Galain开始为乌拉圭的能源未来寻找不同的潜在途径。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最后，他写了一份计划，认为乌拉圭几乎可以完全依靠可再生能源。A. rely on依赖；B. find out找出；C. refer to提到；D. give up放弃。根据后文“renewable energy”以及“There would be less ____4____ and it would be the most economical choice Uruguay could make in the long run.”可知，Ramón Méndez Galain认为乌拉圭可以依靠可再生能源。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样会减少污染，从长远来看，这将是乌拉圭所能做出的最经济的选择。A. risk风险；B. power能力；C. pollution污染；D. benefit益处。根据前文“Uruguay could almost entirely ____3____ renewable energy”可知，利用可再生资源可以减少污染。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Méndez Galain的计划建立在关于他的国家的两个简单事实之上。A. facts事实；B. theories理论；C. answers答案；D. principles原则。根据后文“First, while there wasn’t a domestic (国内的) supply of coal or oil, there was a great deal of ____6____. Second, that wind blew over a country that was known for ____7____ grassland. His plan for Uruguay’s energy future was to ____8____ the empty grassland into hundreds of wind farms.”可知，Méndez Galain的计划建立在关于他的国家的两个事实之上。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，虽然国内没有煤炭或石油供应，但有大量的风能。A. water水；B. light电；C. wind风；D. ice冰。根据后文“His plan for Uruguay’s energy future was to ____8____ the empty grassland into hundreds of wind farms.”可知，那里可以建造风力发电厂，所以有大量的风能。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其次，那股风吹过一个以未开发草原而闻名的国家。A. tended倾向于；B. undeveloped未开发的；C. protected受保护的；D. limited有限的。根据后文“the empty grassland”可知，是一片未开发的草原。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对乌拉圭能源未来的计划是将空旷的草原变成数百个风力发电场。A. break打破；B. put放；C. send寄；D. turn转向。根据后文“the empty grassland into hundreds of wind farms”可知，Méndez Galain的计划是将空旷的草原变成数百个风力发电场。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了解决如何支付所有这些风力发电场的费用的问题，Méndez Galain提出了一种邻国巴西一些发电厂采用的方法的变体，在这种方法中，国有发电厂负责发电，而私营公司负责配电和客户服务。A. tool工具；B. software软件；C. image形象；D. approach方法。根据前文“To solve the problem of how to pay for all those wind farms”和后文“used by some electric plants in neighboring Brazil”可知，Méndez Galain提出了一种解决问题的方法。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. responsible负责任的；B. weak虚弱的；C. private私立的，私营的；D. profitable赢利的。根据后文“Méndez Galain’s plan changed the relationship to the ____11____, so that private companies would be in charge of setting up and ____12____ the wind farms, while the state-owned power companies would distribute that energy to its customers.”可知，国有发电厂负责发电，而私营公司负责配电和客户服务。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Méndez Galain的计划将这种关系转变为相反的方向，这样私营公司将负责建立和管理风力发电场，而国有电力公司将把这些能源分配给客户。A. public公共的；B. opposite相反的；C. rich富有的；D. powerful强有力的。根据前文“state owned power plants handled energy generation, while ____10____ companies were in charge of power distribution and customer service”和后文“private companies would be in charge of setting up and ____12____ the wind farms, while the state-owned power companies would distribute that energy to its customers”可知，两种方法是相反的。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. managing管理；B. selling卖；C. abandoning抛弃；D. starting开始。根据前文“private companies would be in charge of setting up”及后文“the state-owned power companies would distribute that energy to its customers”并结合选项可知，私营公司将负责建立和管理风力发电场。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个策略出乎意料地奏效了。A. hardly几乎不；B. relatively相对的；C. unexpectedly出乎意料地；D. rarely很少地。根据后文“Just within a few years, Méndez Galain had ____14____ what he had set out to do: 98% of Uruguay’s ____15____ comes from renewable sources.”可知，Méndez Galain的这个策略非常成功，超出了预料。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在短短几年内，Méndez Galain就实现了他的目标：乌拉圭98%的电力来自可再生能源。A. forgotten忘记；B. achieved实现；C. apologized道歉；D. approved批准。根据后文“what he had set out to do: 98% of Uruguay’s ____15____ comes from renewable sources”可知，在短短几年内，Méndez Galain就实现了他的目标。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. income收入；B. food食物；C. supply供应；D. electricity电。根据前文“His plan for Uruguay’s energy future was to ____8____ the empty grassland into hundreds of wind farms.”等内容可知，乌拉圭98%的电力来自可再生能源。故选D项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Astronomers have published a major finding___36___(recent): A black hole has been releasing energy from a small star___37___was shredded (吞噬) in 2018, after two years in which it didn’t emit (发射) any such material. “Super unusual,” said Yvette Cendes, an astronomer at Harvard. “We’ve never really seen this before to this degree.” Researchers made the___38___ (discover) when they used a___39___ (power) radio telescope facility to check some two dozen black holes where stars had been shredded after ___40___(come) too close to them. Such happenings___41___(call) tidal disruption (潮汐破坏) events, or TDEs. What they found was that one of the TDEs was emitting energy at an unusual speed___42___at a very surprising time: more than two years after the event. This behavior is different from what has been observed in black holes before, in two ways. First, the timing: it’s more common___43___(see) radio emissions from black holes within the first few months after swallowing a star. And second, the energy emitted in this case doesn’t quite fit in___44___what astronomers have seen before. In most cases of black holes swallowing stars, perhaps 99%, the outflow is lower in energy. And in 1% of cases, that outflow, at about half the speed of light, rarely____45____ (occur). 【答案】36. recently 37. which##that 38. discovery 39. powerful 40. coming 41. are called 42. and 43. to see 44. with 45. occurs 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。最新研究发现，黑洞在吞噬小恒星后会喷射出物质。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：天文学家最近发表了一项重要发现：一个黑洞一直从一颗小恒星释放能量，在它没有释放出任何此类物质两年之后，这颗小恒星在2018年被吞噬。此处修饰动词have published，应用副词，作状语。故填recently。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：天文学家最近发表了一项重要发现：一个黑洞一直从一颗小恒星释放能量，在它没有释放出任何此类物质两年之后，这颗小恒星在2018年被吞噬。此处是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词star，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：研究人员在使用一个强大的射电望远镜设备检查二十几个黑洞时得出了这一发现，这些黑洞中的恒星在太靠近它们之后被吞噬了。根据句意和空前冠词the可知，此处应用名词discovery，作宾语。故填discovery。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：研究人员在使用一个强大的射电望远镜设备检查二十几个黑洞时得出了这一发现，这些黑洞中的恒星在太靠近它们之后被吞噬了。此处修饰radio telescope facility“射电望远镜设备”，应用形容词powerful，作定语。故填powerful。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员在使用一个强大的射电望远镜设备检查二十几个黑洞时得出了这一发现，这些黑洞中的恒星在太靠近它们之后被吞噬了。此处作介词after的宾语，应用动名词。故填coming。 【41题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：这类事件被称为潮汐破坏事件或TDE。主语happenings“事件”和谓语动词call“把……说成”构成动宾关系，且此处叙述的是一般性事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are called。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：他们发现的是其中一个TDE以异常的速度，在一个非常令人惊讶的时间散发能量：在该事件发生两年多后。分析句意可知，at an unusual speed“以异常的速度”和at a very surprising time“在一个非常令人惊讶的时间”为并列关系，需要用并列连词and连接。故填and。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，时机：在吞噬恒星后的最初几个月内，黑洞发射的无线电更为常见。固定句型It’s+adj.+to do sth表示“做某事是怎么样的”，it是形式主语，不定式才真正的主语。故填to see。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：第二，在这种情况下发射的能量与天文学家以前看到的不太相符。固定搭配fit in with 表示“符合；与……一致”。故填with。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在1%的情况下，以大约光速一半的速度流出的情况很少发生。根据句意可知，动词occur“发生”为谓语动词，此处叙述的是一般性事实，用一般现在时即可，主语是that outflow“流出”为概念，是不可数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填occurs。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40分) 第一节 (满分15 分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Allen计划来你的家乡旅游，发邮件向你询问有关景点情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 推荐景点； 2 说明理由； 3. 表达期待。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Allen, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Allen, I’m so excited to hear that you’re planning to visit my hometown, which is a beautiful place with a rich cultural heritage and a variety of attractions. One of the most famous attractions in my hometown is the Dragon Gate Bridge. It’s a 150-meter-long bridge with a dragon-shaped gate at each end. Another popular attraction is the Tiger Cave Temple. It’s a historical temple complex with beautiful gardens and statues of tigers. These two attractions will offer you a unique experience during your stay. I’m looking forward to meeting you in my hometown. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Allen介绍自己的家乡，并推荐景点。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：excited→thrilled 漂亮的：beautiful→attractive 各种各样的：a variety of→all kinds of 提供：offer→supply 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It’s a historical temple complex with beautiful gardens and statues of tigers. These two attractions will offer you a unique experience during your stay. 同义句：It’s a historical temple complex with beautiful gardens and statues of tigers, which will offer you a unique experience during your stay. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m so excited to hear that you’re planning to visit my hometown,which is a beautiful place with a rich cultural heritage and a variety of attractions.(运用了that引导的宾语从句及which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】I’m looking forward to meeting you in my hometown.(运用了动名词作宾语) 第二节 (满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was a boy, I had the craziest bus ride to school everyday. First I had to get up early, wolf down my breakfast, and walk across the shaky and swinging wooden bridge that crossed the river between our house and the main road. Then I stood and waited for the bus to arrive. When it got there I climbed in. I was always one of the first ones on the bus. Then even though the bus was only 4 miles from school, I started a ride that would last more than 45 minutes. First, the bus went in the opposite direction for 6 miles, parked and waited for another bus to transfer kids onto it. Then it started back, but instead of going straight to my school, it started up a long and winding mountain road pausing at every house to pick up more kids. The road swirled around the mountain and back down with the bus getting fuller, louder, and noisier with each stop. Finally, it arrived at the high school to drop off the older kids before heading on to my grade school. But even then it didn’t go straight there but instead headed down another rocky dirt road that was full of potholes to pick up even more children. I usually got to the school stressed, tired, and just before the first class bell rang. Thankfully, the ride home was different. During it the last kids picked up became the first kids dropped off. But I was different. Since my house was along the way, I got dropped off after just 10 minutes or so. I remember I would literally run across that shaky old bridge because I was so happy to be home again. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Looking back now I can see my whole life here has been one crazy long bus ride. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Do your best to enjoy the ride this life gives you. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Looking back now I can see my whole life here has been one crazy long bus ride. It has been full of stops, starts, twists, turns and lots of passengers, some mean but most kind. Sometimes the scenery has been beautiful and sometimes not so much. Sometimes the road has been smooth and sometimes rocky. Through it all, though, I have taken comfort in knowing that one day I will be going home again. I will be so happy to be there too. I will run into the arms of those who went before me, have glory in the love I have shared, dance in the light, and be welcomed home with our family’s smile. Do your best to enjoy the ride this life gives you. Take the trip with love in your heart and kindness in your soul. Make the journey better for those you meet along the way. And then when your time here is done, you can get off the bus, walk into the light, and find yourself so happy to be home again! 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者小时候每天坐最疯狂的公交车上学，描述了每天上学的经过。作者长大后回忆自己的经历，感悟到整个生活就是一次疯狂的长途巴士旅行，人们应该尽最大的努力去享受生活带给你的乐趣。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“现在回想起来，我可以看到我在这里的整个生活就是一次疯狂的长途巴士旅行。”可知，第一段可描写作者认为生活就像长途巴士旅行。 ②由第二段首句内容“尽你最大的努力去享受生活带给你的乐趣。”可知，第二段可描写作者得出的感悟。 2.续写线索：感悟生活就像巴士旅行——在经历中得到安慰——享受生活中的乐趣 3.词汇激活 行为类 回顾：look back/ review 充满：be full of / be filled with 给予：give/ offer 情绪类 善良：kind /warm-hearted 快乐：happy / glad 【点睛】[高分句型1] Through it all, though, I have taken comfort in knowing that one day I will be going home again. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] I will run into the arms of those who went before me, have glory in the love I have shared, dance in the light, and be welcomed home with our family’s smile. (运用了who引导定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$