21.Unit 5 Play by the rules_(重点词汇)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024)

2025-07-04
| 2份
| 36页
| 435人阅读
| 36人下载
精品
天空英语
进店逛逛

内容正文:

2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024) Unit 5 Play by the rules?重点词汇 必备知识清单 单元词汇释义 1.opposite prep. 在……的对面 【用法释义】用于表示位置关系,后接表示地点的名词或代词。 【常用搭配】常直接用于“opposite + 地点”结构。 例句: The bookstore is opposite the school.(书店在学校的对面。) She sat opposite me during the meeting.(会议期间她坐在我对面。) The bus stop is just opposite that tall building.(公交车站就在那栋高楼的对面。) 2.packet n. (装商品的)小包,小盒,小袋 【用法释义】可数名词,常用于表示包装好的小件物品。 【常用搭配】a packet of(一包/袋……)。 例句: He bought a packet of cookies at the supermarket.(他在超市买了一包饼干。) The medicine is sold in small packets.(这种药以小包装出售。) She handed me a packet of seeds for the garden.(她递给我一包用于花园的种子。) 3.picnic n. 野餐 【用法释义】可数名词,指在户外进行的餐食活动。 【常用搭配】go for a picnic(去野餐);have a picnic(举行野餐)。 例句: We decided to go for a picnic by the lake this weekend.(我们决定这个周末去湖边野餐。) The children prepared sandwiches for the picnic.(孩子们为野餐准备了三明治。) It's a perfect day for a picnic—sunny and not too hot.(这是野餐的完美天气——阳光明媚且不太热。) 4.smelly adj. 有臭味的 【用法释义】形容词,用于描述物体散发难闻的气味,可作定语或表语。 例句: The smelly socks were left under the bed.(那双有臭味的袜子被丢在床底下。) The garbage bin smells smelly in summer.(夏天垃圾桶闻起来有臭味。) She threw away the smelly fish immediately.(她立刻扔掉了那条有臭味的鱼。) 5.noise n. 噪声;嘈杂声 【用法释义】不可数名词,指不悦耳、令人烦躁的声音。 【常用搭配】make noise(制造噪音);noisy adj.(吵闹的)。 例句: The noise from the construction site disturbed our sleep.(建筑工地的噪音打扰了我们的睡眠。) Please don’t make so much noise in the library.(在图书馆请不要制造这么多噪音。) The sudden noise made everyone jump in surprise.(突然的嘈杂声让每个人都惊讶地跳了起来。) 6. reduce v. 缩小;减少;降低 【用法释义】及物动词,后接名词或代词作宾语,表示使数量、程度等变小。 【常用搭配】reduce...to...(把……减少到……);reduce...by...(把……减少了……)。 例句: We need to reduce our carbon footprint to protect the environment.(我们需要减少碳足迹来保护环境。) The company plans to reduce production costs by 10%.(这家公司计划将生产成本降低10%。) She reduced her weight from 70kg to 60kg through exercise.(她通过锻炼将体重从70公斤减到了60公斤。) 7.seat n. 座,座位 【用法释义】可数名词,指供人坐的地方。 【常用搭配】take a seat(坐下);have a seat(就座);seat belt(安全带)。 例句: Please take a seat and wait for your turn.(请坐下等候轮到你。) The train was full, and there were no empty seats left.(火车上挤满了人,没有空座位了。) She fastened her seat belt before the car started.(汽车启动前她系好了安全带。) 8.passenger n. (车辆、飞机、船舶等的)乘客,旅客 【用法释义】可数名词,指乘坐交通工具的人。 例句: All passengers must show their tickets before boarding.(所有乘客登机/上车前必须出示车票/机票。) The bus driver asked the passengers to wear masks.(公交车司机要求乘客佩戴口罩。) The ship can carry up to 500 passengers at a time.(这艘船一次最多可载500名乘客。) 9.fool n. 蠢人,傻子,笨蛋 【用法释义】可数名词,用于形容缺乏智慧或判断力的人。 【常用搭配】make a fool of sb.(愚弄某人);foolish adj.(愚蠢的)。 例句: Don’t be a fool—you should think before acting.(别做傻瓜——你应该三思而后行。) He made a fool of himself by telling a bad joke.(他讲了个糟糕的笑话,让自己出了丑。) She realized she had been a fool to trust him.(她意识到信任他是多么愚蠢。) 10.sign n. 标记;指示牌,标牌 【用法释义】可数名词,指用于传达信息或指示的符号或牌子。 【常用搭配】traffic sign(交通标志);sign language(手语)。 例句: Pay attention to the sign that says “No Parking”.(注意那个写着“禁止停车”的指示牌。) The shop put up a sign to advertise its new products.(这家商店挂起招牌宣传新产品。) The sign on the door indicates that the office is closed.(门上的标记显示办公室关门了。) 11.responsibility n. 责任 【用法释义】不可数名词,指应承担的义务或任务。 【常用搭配】take responsibility(承担责任);a sense of responsibility(责任感)。 例句: As a parent, you have the responsibility to care for your children.(作为父母,你有责任照顾孩子。) He accepted full responsibility for the mistake.(他为这个错误承担了全部责任。) Developing a sense of responsibility is important for teenagers.(培养责任感对青少年很重要。) 12.belt n. 腰带,皮带 【用法释义】可数名词,指系在腰间的带子。 【常用搭配】seat belt(安全带);a belt of...(一带……)。 例句: He wore a leather belt with his jeans.(他穿牛仔裤时系了一条皮带。) The seat belt saved her life in the car accident.(在车祸中安全带救了她的命。) A belt of trees surrounds the small village.(小村庄周围有一圈树木。) 13.station n. 车站 【用法释义】可数名词,指交通工具停靠的站点。 【常用搭配】bus station(公交车站);train station(火车站);police station(警察局)。 例句: We met at the train station at 8 o’clock in the morning.(我们早上8点在火车站见面。) The bus station is within walking distance from here.(公交车站从这里步行可达。) She works at a fire station as a firefighter.(她在消防站当消防员。) 14.flowerpot n. 花盆 【用法释义】可数名词,指用于种植花卉的容器。 例句: She placed the flowerpot on the windowsill.(她把花盆放在窗台上。) The flowerpot broke when it fell from the shelf.(花盆从架子上掉下来摔碎了。) He bought a new flowerpot for his favorite rose.(他为他最喜欢的玫瑰买了一个新花盆。) 15.honesty n. 诚实,正直;坦诚 【用法释义】不可数名词,指人的品德真诚、不欺骗。 【常用搭配】show honesty(表现出诚实);honest adj.(诚实的)。 例句: Honesty is the most important quality in a friend.(诚实是朋友最重要的品质。) He was praised for his honesty in the competition.(他因在比赛中的诚实而受到表扬。) We should teach children the value of honesty from an early age.(我们应该从小教孩子诚实的价值。) 16.respect v. 尊重 【用法释义】及物动词,后接名词或代词作宾语,表示对人或事物的敬重。 【常用搭配】respect sb. for sth.(因某事尊重某人);show respect to sb.(对某人表示尊重)。 例句: We should respect others’ opinions even if we disagree.(即使我们不同意,也应该尊重别人的意见。) She is respected by everyone for her kindness.(她因善良受到每个人的尊重。) Respect for the elderly is an important part of our culture.(尊重老人是我们文化的重要组成部分。) 17.spread v. 传播 【用法释义】及物或不及物动词,可表示信息、疾病、情感等的扩散。 【常用搭配】spread to...(传播到……);spread out(展开)。 例句: The news spread quickly through the small town.(消息很快在小镇上传开了。) They tried to spread awareness about environmental protection.(他们试图传播环保意识。) The fire spread to nearby buildings before firefighters arrived.(在消防员到达之前,火势蔓延到了附近的建筑物。) 18.society n. 社会 【用法释义】不可数名词,指由人组成的群体或社区。 【常用搭配】civil society(公民社会);society as a whole(整个社会)。 例句: Education plays a key role in the development of society.(教育在社会发展中起着关键作用。) We should work together to solve the problems of society.(我们应该共同努力解决社会问题。) Technology has greatly changed the way society functions.(科技极大地改变了社会的运作方式。) 19.clear adj. 清楚的,明确的 【用法释义】形容词,可作定语或表语,表示易于理解或辨认。 【常用搭配】make clear(讲清楚);it is clear that...(很明显……)。 例句: He gave a clear explanation of the problem.(他对问题做了清楚的解释。) It is clear that she is the best candidate for the job.(很明显,她是这份工作的最佳人选。) The instructions on the package are not clear enough.(包装上的说明不够清楚。) 20.flag n. 旗,旗帜 【用法释义】可数名词,指用作象征或标志的布制旗帜。 【常用搭配】national flag(国旗);raise a flag(升旗)。 例句: The national flag is raised every morning at the school.(学校每天早上都升国旗。) They waved flags to celebrate the victory.(他们挥舞旗帜庆祝胜利。) The flag of China is red with five yellow stars.(中国的国旗是红色的,上面有五颗黄色的星星。) 21.slide v. (使)滑行,(使)滑动 【用法释义】不及物或及物动词,表示在表面上平滑移动。 【常用搭配】slide into...(滑入……);slide down...(滑下……)。 例句: The children love to slide on the icy ground in winter.(冬天孩子们喜欢在结冰的地面上滑行。) She slid the book across the table to me.(她把书从桌子对面滑给我。) The car slid off the road due to the heavy rain.(由于大雨,汽车滑出了道路。) 22.case n. 事例 【用法释义】可数名词,指具体的例子或情况。 【常用搭配】in case of...(万一……;如果发生……);in this case(在这种情况下)。 例句: Let me give you a case to explain the problem.(让我举个例子来解释这个问题。) In case of emergency, call the police immediately.(万一遇到紧急情况,立即报警。) This case shows the importance of careful planning.(这个事例表明了周密计划的重要性。) 23.urgent adj. 紧急的,急迫的 【用法释义】形容词,用于描述需要立即处理的事情,可作定语或表语。 【常用搭配】an urgent matter(紧急事件);it is urgent to do sth.(做某事很紧急)。 例句: There is an urgent need for medical supplies in the disaster area.(灾区急需医疗物资。) The problem is so urgent that we must solve it right away.(这个问题非常紧急,我们必须马上解决。) She received an urgent phone call from the hospital.(她接到了医院的紧急电话。) 24.guest n. 嘉宾,宾客 【用法释义】可数名词,指被邀请参加活动的人。 【常用搭配】honored guest(贵宾);guest room(客房)。 例句: The party was held to welcome the special guests.(举办聚会是为了欢迎特邀嘉宾。) She treated her guests with delicious food and drinks.(她用美味的食物和饮料招待客人。) The hotel has prepared a warm welcome for all guests.(酒店为所有宾客准备了热烈的欢迎。) 25.experienced adj. 经验丰富的,有经验的 【用法释义】形容词,用于描述人在某方面有丰富的经历,可作定语或表语。 【常用搭配】be experienced in...(在……方面有经验);experienced teacher(有经验的老师)。 例句: He is an experienced doctor who has worked for 20 years.(他是一位有20年工作经验的资深医生。) She is experienced in organizing large-scale events.(她在组织大型活动方面很有经验。) The company is looking for an experienced manager.(这家公司正在寻找一位有经验的经理。) 26.lawyer n. 律师 【用法释义】可数名词,指从事法律工作的专业人员。 【常用搭配】hire a lawyer(聘请律师);lawyer at law(执业律师)。 例句: He decided to become a lawyer to help people in need.(他决定成为一名律师来帮助有需要的人。) The lawyer presented strong evidence in the court.(律师在法庭上出示了有力的证据。) If you have legal problems, you should consult a lawyer.(如果你有法律问题,应该咨询律师。) 27.whether conj. 是否 【用法释义】连词,用于引导宾语从句或主语从句,表示两种可能性中的选择。 【常用搭配】whether...or not(是否……;不管是否……);whether to do sth.(是否做某事)。 例句: I wonder whether she will come to the party tonight.(我想知道她今晚是否会来参加聚会。) Whether we go hiking or stay at home depends on the weather.(我们去徒步还是待在家里取决于天气。) He didn’t tell me whether he had finished the work.(他没有告诉我他是否完成了工作。) 28.argument n. 论点,论据 【用法释义】可数名词,指在讨论或辩论中提出的理由。 【常用搭配】have an argument(进行争论);strong argument(有力的论点)。 例句: Each team presented their arguments in the debate.(每个团队在辩论中都提出了自己的论点。) They had a heated argument about the best way to solve the problem.(他们就解决问题的最佳方法进行了激烈的争论。) His argument was so convincing that everyone agreed with him.(他的论点非常有说服力,以至于每个人都同意他的观点。) 29.netizen n. 网民 【用法释义】可数名词,指使用互联网的人。 例句: Many netizens expressed their opinions on the social media platform.(许多网民在社交媒体平台上表达了他们的观点。) As a netizen, you should be responsible for what you post online.(作为网民,你应该对自己在网上发布的内容负责。) The survey shows that most netizens support the new policy.(调查显示大多数网民支持这项新政策。) 30.citizen n. 市民,城镇居民;公民 【用法释义】可数名词,指居住在某城市的人或具有某国国籍的人。 【常用搭配】city citizen(城市居民);citizen rights(公民权利)。 例句: Every citizen has the right to vote in the election.(每个公民都有在选举中投票的权利。) The government should listen to the voices of its citizens.(政府应该倾听公民的声音。) She has been a citizen of this city for more than 20 years.(她成为这个城市的市民已经20多年了。) 31.click n. 点击(鼠标) 【用法释义】可数名词,指鼠标的点击动作。 【常用搭配】a click of...(一次点击……);click on...(点击……)(动词短语)。 例句: With a click of the mouse, you can send the email.(点击一下鼠标,你就可以发送电子邮件。) The number of clicks on the website has increased significantly.(该网站的点击量显著增加了。) She made a click on the “Buy Now” button.(她点击了“立即购买”按钮。) 32.private adj. (感情、消息或意见)个人的,秘密的 【用法释义】形容词,用于描述属于个人而非公开的事物,可作定语或表语。 【常用搭配】private life(私人生活);private message(私信)。 例句: She doesn’t like to share her private feelings with others.(她不喜欢和别人分享自己的私人情感。) This is a private conversation—please don’t interrupt.(这是私人谈话——请不要打断。) He has a private office where he can work quietly.(他有一间私人办公室,可以在那里安静地工作。) 33.password n. (使用计算机系统或程序所用的)密码 【用法释义】可数名词,指进入系统或账户的秘密代码。 【常用搭配】set a password(设置密码);change a password(更改密码)。 例句: You need to enter the correct password to log in.(你需要输入正确的密码才能登录。) Remember to keep your password safe and don’t share it with others.(记住要保管好你的密码,不要与他人分享。) She forgot her password and couldn’t access her email account.(她忘记了密码,无法访问自己的电子邮件账户。) 34.careless adj. 不小心的,粗心的,疏忽的 【用法释义】形容词,用于描述人做事不仔细,可作定语或表语。 【常用搭配】be careless with...(对……粗心);careless mistake(粗心的错误)。 例句: He made a careless mistake in the math exam.(他在数学考试中犯了一个粗心的错误。) Don’t be careless with your personal information online.(在网上不要对个人信息粗心大意。) The careless driver caused a serious traffic accident.(那位粗心的司机导致了一场严重的交通事故。) 35.aware adj. 意识到的,明白的,知道的 【用法释义】表语形容词,不能作定语,需与be动词连用,后接of或从句。 【常用搭配】be aware of...(意识到……);be aware that...(知道……)。 例句: Are you aware of the risks involved in this project?(你意识到这个项目中涉及的风险了吗?) She wasn’t aware that her phone had been stolen.(她不知道自己的手机被偷了。) We should be aware of the importance of protecting the environment.(我们应该意识到保护环境的重要性。) 36.stranger n. 陌生人 【用法释义】可数名词,指不认识的人。 【常用搭配】stranger to...(对……陌生);make strangers of...(把……当作陌生人)。 例句: Don’t talk to strangers when you are alone.(独自一个人时不要和陌生人说话。) He felt like a stranger in the new city.(他在新城市里感觉自己像个陌生人。) The little girl was afraid of strangers and hid behind her mother.(小女孩害怕陌生人,躲在妈妈身后。) 37.cheat v. 欺诈,欺骗 【用法释义】及物动词,后接名词或代词作宾语,表示通过不正当手段误导他人。 【常用搭配】cheat sb.(欺骗某人);cheat on...(在……上作弊)。 例句: He cheated the old woman out of her money.(他骗走了老妇人的钱。) Don’t cheat in the exam—it’s dishonest.(考试不要作弊——这是不诚实的。) She found out that her partner had cheated on her.(她发现她的伴侣欺骗了她。) 38.enemy n. 敌人 【用法释义】可数名词,指对立或敌对的人或群体。 【常用搭配】enemy army(敌军);public enemy(公敌)。 例句: The two countries have been enemies for centuries.(这两个国家已经成为敌人几个世纪了。) He considered his rival as his greatest enemy.(他把竞争对手视为最大的敌人。) We should unite to fight against the common enemy.(我们应该团结起来对抗共同的敌人。) 39.cyberbullying n. 网络欺凌 【用法释义】不可数名词,指通过网络进行的欺凌行为。 【常用搭配】suffer from cyberbullying(遭受网络欺凌);prevent cyberbullying(防止网络欺凌)。 例句: Cyberbullying has become a serious problem among teenagers.(网络欺凌已成为青少年中的一个严重问题。) Schools should take measures to stop cyberbullying.(学校应该采取措施阻止网络欺凌。) She was depressed because of the cyberbullying she experienced online.(由于在网上遭受的网络欺凌,她感到沮丧。) 核心知识回顾 英语中“意识到”的表达方法 一、动词及动词短语 (一)realize 最常用的 “意识到” 表达,强调通过思考、经历后突然明白或领悟。 例句:I didn't realize how late it was until I looked at my watch.(直到我看了看手表,才意识到有多晚了。) [用法]后可接名词、代词、从句作宾语,常用于描述对事实、情况、错误等的认知。 (二)recognize 侧重于经过分析、辨别后认出或意识到,常涉及对原本熟悉事物的重新认识。 例句:She recognized the importance of teamwork after the project failed.(项目失败后,她意识到了团队合作的重要性。) [用法]可接名词、that 从句,也常用于被动语态,如 be recognized as(被认为是) 。 (三)be aware of 表示 “察觉到;意识到”,强调对某事物有一定的认知或注意到其存在,语气较温和。 例句:We should be aware of the potential risks.(我们应该意识到潜在的风险。) [用法]后接名词、动名词短语,也可接从句(需用 be aware that 结构) 。 (四)be conscious of 意为 “意识到;察觉到”,通常指内心主动地、清醒地意识到某事,常用于表达对自身感受、想法或周围环境的察觉。 例句:He was conscious of his mistake and apologized immediately.(他意识到了自己的错误并立即道歉。) [用法]与 be aware of 类似,后接名词、动名词或从句(be conscious that) 。 (五)come to realize 表示 “逐渐意识到”,强调意识的形成是一个渐进的过程。 例句:As I grew older, I came to realize the value of my parents' advice.(随着年龄的增长,我逐渐意识到父母建议的价值。) [用法]后接名词、从句,常用于描述通过时间或经历慢慢明白某个道理或事实。 二、句型结构 (一)It occurs to sb. that... 意思是 “某人突然想到;某人意识到”,常用于表达突然产生的想法或意识到的情况。 例句:It suddenly occurred to me that I had left my keys at home.(我突然意识到我把钥匙忘在家里了。) [用法]it 为形式主语,真正的主语是 that 引导的从句,常用于口语和书面语。 (二)It dawns on sb. that... 同样表示 “某人渐渐明白;某人意识到” ,强调从模糊到清晰的认知过程。 例句:It finally dawned on her that she had been wrong all along.(她终于意识到自己一直以来都错了。) [用法]结构与 It occurs to sb. that... 类似,it 作形式主语,that 从句为真正主语。 (三)hit sb.(that)... 表示 “使某人突然意识到”,常用于口语,语气较为强烈。 例句:It hit me that I had missed the last train.(我突然意识到我错过了最后一班火车。) [用法]it 作形式主语,真正主语为 that 从句(that 有时可省略)。 综合实战演练 一、单项选择 1. The bank is ______ the post office. You can see it easily. A. opposite B. beside C. behind D. under 2. I bought a ______ of chips from the supermarket. A. packet B. bag C. box D. bottle 3. We plan to have a ______ in the park this weekend. A. picnic B. party C. meeting D. game 4. The old shoes have a ______ smell. You should throw them away. A. smelly B. nice C. sweet D. fresh 5. Don’t make so much ______! The baby is sleeping. A. noise B. voice C. sound D. music 6. We should ______ the use of plastic bags to protect the environment. A. reduce B. increase C. make D. take 7. Please take a ______! The movie is about to start. A. seat B. table C. chair D. bed 8. All the ______ on the bus should wear seat belts. A. passengers B. drivers C. teachers D. doctors 9. Don’t be a ______! You should think before you act. A. fool B. hero C. star D. leader 10. Look at the ______! It says “No Smoking”. A. sign B. book C. picture D. letter 11. Taking care of the old is our ______. A. responsibility B. hobby C. problem D. dream 12. Remember to fasten your ______ before driving. A. seat belt B. school bag C. coat D. watch 13. The bus ______ is crowded at 7 a.m. every day. A. station B. stop C. office D. home 14. The ______ fell off the window and broke. A. flowerpot B. book C. pen D. cup 15. ______ is the most important thing in a friendship. A. Honesty B. Wealth C. Beauty D. Power 16. We should ______ each other’s opinions, even if we disagree. A. respect B. ignore C. forget D. refuse 17. The news ______ quickly through the town. A. spread B. stopped C. started D. ended 18. Everyone should try to make a contribution to ______. A. society B. family C. class D. team 19. The instructions are ______. You can understand them easily. A. clear B. difficult C. confusing D. wrong 20. The national ______ is raised every morning at school. A. flag B. map C. photo D. poster 21. The children like to ______ on the ice in winter. A. slide B. walk C. run D. jump 22. This is a good ______ of how to solve the problem. A. case B. story C. book D. way 23. It’s ______! We need to call an ambulance right now. A. urgent B. easy C. slow D. happy 24. The ______ at the party included many famous people. A. guests B. students C. workers D. farmers 25. Mr. Li is an ______ teacher. He has taught for 20 years. A. experienced B. young C. new D. bad 26. My uncle is a ______. He helps people with legal problems. A. lawyer B. doctor C. teacher D. driver 27. I don’t know ______ he will come or not. A. whether B. if C. that D. what 28. They had an ______ about which movie to watch. A. argument B. agreement C. idea D. plan 29. As a ______, she often shares her ideas online. A. netizen B. writer C. singer D. dancer 30. Every ______ should obey the laws of the country. A. citizen B. visitor C. tourist D. guest 31. Just ______ on the link to open the website. A. click B. touch C. push D. pull 32. Don’t share your ______ information online. It’s dangerous. A. private B. public C. interesting D. boring 33. Please set a strong ______ for your email account. A. password B. name C. number D. date 34. He is so ______ that he often forgets his keys. A. careless B. careful C. clever D. kind 35. Are you ______ of the danger around you? A. aware B. afraid C. sure D. proud 36. Never talk to ______ when you are alone. A. strangers B. friends C. parents D. classmates 37. The man tried to ______ her by selling fake goods. A. cheat B. help C. teach D. save 38. In the story, the hero fights against his ______. A. enemies B. friends C. family D. classmates 39. ______ is a serious problem that affects many young people. A. Cyberbullying B. Reading C. Studying D. Exercising 40. Which of the following is a noun? A. spread B. reduce C. honesty D. respect 二、单词拼写(用单词适当形式填空) 1. I bought three ______ of biscuits from the supermarket. (packet) 2. They have ______ every month during summer. (picnic) 3. The fish smells ______ than the garbage. (smelly) 4. The children made a lot of ______ in the classroom. (noise) 5. We ______ the use of single-use plastics last year. (reduce) 6. All the ______ in the theater were occupied. (seat) 7. All the ______ on the train were excited about the journey. (passenger) 8. Those ______ made the same mistake again. (fool) 9. There are many ______ along the road. (sign) 10. Taking care of the elderly is our ______. (responsibility) 11. Remember to fasten your safety ______ before driving. (belt) 12. The city has several bus ______. (station) 13. The balcony is full of ______. (flowerpot) 14. ______ is an important quality in a friend. (honest) 15. We ______ our teacher yesterday. (respect) 16. The news ______ quickly through the small town. (spread) 17. Different ______ have different customs. (society) 18. Speak ______ so that everyone can hear you. (clear) 19. The square is decorated with many ______. (flag) 20. The children ______ on the snow yesterday. (slide) 21. These ______ show how to solve the problem. (case) 22. The ______ of the matter requires immediate action. (urgent) 23. The party hosted many ______ from different countries. (guest) 24. Mr. Li is an ______ teacher with 20 years of experience. (experience) 25. Both of my aunts are ______. (lawyer) 26. They had a long ______ about which movie to watch. (argue) 27. Many ______ shared their opinions on the online forum. (netizen) 28. All ______ should follow the traffic rules. (citizen) 29. Just a few ______ on the link will open the website. (click) 30. He acted ______ and caused a mistake. (careless) 三、完成句子(根据汉语提示完成英语句子) 1.桌子上有一个小包和一个花盆。 There is a ______ and a ______ on the table. 2.我们的野餐在车站举行。 Our ______ is held at the ______. 3.这个花盆有臭味。 The ______ is ______. 4.不要在车站制造这么多噪音。 Don’t make so much ______ in the ______. 5.我们应该减少塑料袋的使用。 We should ______ ______ use of plastic bags. 6.请坐下在车站等待。 Please take a ______ and wait in the ______. 7.公交车上的所有乘客都系安全带。 All the ______ on the bus wear ______ ______. 8.别做傻瓜,相信陌生人。 Don’t be a ______ and believe the ______. 9.墙上有一个标志和一面旗帜。 There is a ______ and a ______ on the wall. 10.保护社会是我们的责任。 It’s our ______ to protect ______. 11.系好腰带并调整座位。 Fasten your ______ and adjust the ______. 12.我们尊重他的诚实。 We ______ his ______. 13.消息会在社会中快速传播。 The news will ______ quickly in ______. 14.路上有清楚的标志。 There are ______ ______ on the road. 15.杆子上有一面旗帜和一个标志。 There is a ______ and a ______ on the pole. 16.这是团队合作的一个好例子。 This is a ______ ______ of teamwork. 17.这是一个紧急情况。 This is an ______ ______. 18.每位客人都有一个座位。 Each ______ has a ______. 19.他是一位有经验的律师。 He is an ______ ______. 20.检查标志是否清楚。 Check ______ the ______ is clear. 21.他们就这个案例展开了争论。 They had an ______ about the ______. 22.许多网民喜欢点击链接。 Many ______ like to ______ links. 23.每个公民在社会中都扮演角色。 Every ______ plays a role in ______. 24.不要分享你的私人密码。 Don’t share your ______ ______. 25.他太粗心了,犯了错误。 He was too ______ and made a ______. 26.你意识到周围的危险了吗? Are you ______ of the danger ______? 27.永远不要欺骗陌生人。 Never ______ ______. 28.在故事中,英雄与敌人战斗。 In the story, the hero fights against ______. 29.网络欺凌是个严重的问题。 ______ is a serious ______. 30.她既是公民也是网民。 She is both a ______ and a ______. ( 1 / 2 )学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024) Unit 5 Play by the rules?重点词汇 必备知识清单 单元词汇释义 1.opposite prep. 在……的对面 【用法释义】用于表示位置关系,后接表示地点的名词或代词。 【常用搭配】常直接用于“opposite + 地点”结构。 例句: The bookstore is opposite the school.(书店在学校的对面。) She sat opposite me during the meeting.(会议期间她坐在我对面。) The bus stop is just opposite that tall building.(公交车站就在那栋高楼的对面。) 2.packet n. (装商品的)小包,小盒,小袋 【用法释义】可数名词,常用于表示包装好的小件物品。 【常用搭配】a packet of(一包/袋……)。 例句: He bought a packet of cookies at the supermarket.(他在超市买了一包饼干。) The medicine is sold in small packets.(这种药以小包装出售。) She handed me a packet of seeds for the garden.(她递给我一包用于花园的种子。) 3.picnic n. 野餐 【用法释义】可数名词,指在户外进行的餐食活动。 【常用搭配】go for a picnic(去野餐);have a picnic(举行野餐)。 例句: We decided to go for a picnic by the lake this weekend.(我们决定这个周末去湖边野餐。) The children prepared sandwiches for the picnic.(孩子们为野餐准备了三明治。) It's a perfect day for a picnic—sunny and not too hot.(这是野餐的完美天气——阳光明媚且不太热。) 4.smelly adj. 有臭味的 【用法释义】形容词,用于描述物体散发难闻的气味,可作定语或表语。 例句: The smelly socks were left under the bed.(那双有臭味的袜子被丢在床底下。) The garbage bin smells smelly in summer.(夏天垃圾桶闻起来有臭味。) She threw away the smelly fish immediately.(她立刻扔掉了那条有臭味的鱼。) 5.noise n. 噪声;嘈杂声 【用法释义】不可数名词,指不悦耳、令人烦躁的声音。 【常用搭配】make noise(制造噪音);noisy adj.(吵闹的)。 例句: The noise from the construction site disturbed our sleep.(建筑工地的噪音打扰了我们的睡眠。) Please don’t make so much noise in the library.(在图书馆请不要制造这么多噪音。) The sudden noise made everyone jump in surprise.(突然的嘈杂声让每个人都惊讶地跳了起来。) 6. reduce v. 缩小;减少;降低 【用法释义】及物动词,后接名词或代词作宾语,表示使数量、程度等变小。 【常用搭配】reduce...to...(把……减少到……);reduce...by...(把……减少了……)。 例句: We need to reduce our carbon footprint to protect the environment.(我们需要减少碳足迹来保护环境。) The company plans to reduce production costs by 10%.(这家公司计划将生产成本降低10%。) She reduced her weight from 70kg to 60kg through exercise.(她通过锻炼将体重从70公斤减到了60公斤。) 7.seat n. 座,座位 【用法释义】可数名词,指供人坐的地方。 【常用搭配】take a seat(坐下);have a seat(就座);seat belt(安全带)。 例句: Please take a seat and wait for your turn.(请坐下等候轮到你。) The train was full, and there were no empty seats left.(火车上挤满了人,没有空座位了。) She fastened her seat belt before the car started.(汽车启动前她系好了安全带。) 8.passenger n. (车辆、飞机、船舶等的)乘客,旅客 【用法释义】可数名词,指乘坐交通工具的人。 例句: All passengers must show their tickets before boarding.(所有乘客登机/上车前必须出示车票/机票。) The bus driver asked the passengers to wear masks.(公交车司机要求乘客佩戴口罩。) The ship can carry up to 500 passengers at a time.(这艘船一次最多可载500名乘客。) 9.fool n. 蠢人,傻子,笨蛋 【用法释义】可数名词,用于形容缺乏智慧或判断力的人。 【常用搭配】make a fool of sb.(愚弄某人);foolish adj.(愚蠢的)。 例句: Don’t be a fool—you should think before acting.(别做傻瓜——你应该三思而后行。) He made a fool of himself by telling a bad joke.(他讲了个糟糕的笑话,让自己出了丑。) She realized she had been a fool to trust him.(她意识到信任他是多么愚蠢。) 10.sign n. 标记;指示牌,标牌 【用法释义】可数名词,指用于传达信息或指示的符号或牌子。 【常用搭配】traffic sign(交通标志);sign language(手语)。 例句: Pay attention to the sign that says “No Parking”.(注意那个写着“禁止停车”的指示牌。) The shop put up a sign to advertise its new products.(这家商店挂起招牌宣传新产品。) The sign on the door indicates that the office is closed.(门上的标记显示办公室关门了。) 11.responsibility n. 责任 【用法释义】不可数名词,指应承担的义务或任务。 【常用搭配】take responsibility(承担责任);a sense of responsibility(责任感)。 例句: As a parent, you have the responsibility to care for your children.(作为父母,你有责任照顾孩子。) He accepted full responsibility for the mistake.(他为这个错误承担了全部责任。) Developing a sense of responsibility is important for teenagers.(培养责任感对青少年很重要。) 12.belt n. 腰带,皮带 【用法释义】可数名词,指系在腰间的带子。 【常用搭配】seat belt(安全带);a belt of...(一带……)。 例句: He wore a leather belt with his jeans.(他穿牛仔裤时系了一条皮带。) The seat belt saved her life in the car accident.(在车祸中安全带救了她的命。) A belt of trees surrounds the small village.(小村庄周围有一圈树木。) 13.station n. 车站 【用法释义】可数名词,指交通工具停靠的站点。 【常用搭配】bus station(公交车站);train station(火车站);police station(警察局)。 例句: We met at the train station at 8 o’clock in the morning.(我们早上8点在火车站见面。) The bus station is within walking distance from here.(公交车站从这里步行可达。) She works at a fire station as a firefighter.(她在消防站当消防员。) 14.flowerpot n. 花盆 【用法释义】可数名词,指用于种植花卉的容器。 例句: She placed the flowerpot on the windowsill.(她把花盆放在窗台上。) The flowerpot broke when it fell from the shelf.(花盆从架子上掉下来摔碎了。) He bought a new flowerpot for his favorite rose.(他为他最喜欢的玫瑰买了一个新花盆。) 15.honesty n. 诚实,正直;坦诚 【用法释义】不可数名词,指人的品德真诚、不欺骗。 【常用搭配】show honesty(表现出诚实);honest adj.(诚实的)。 例句: Honesty is the most important quality in a friend.(诚实是朋友最重要的品质。) He was praised for his honesty in the competition.(他因在比赛中的诚实而受到表扬。) We should teach children the value of honesty from an early age.(我们应该从小教孩子诚实的价值。) 16.respect v. 尊重 【用法释义】及物动词,后接名词或代词作宾语,表示对人或事物的敬重。 【常用搭配】respect sb. for sth.(因某事尊重某人);show respect to sb.(对某人表示尊重)。 例句: We should respect others’ opinions even if we disagree.(即使我们不同意,也应该尊重别人的意见。) She is respected by everyone for her kindness.(她因善良受到每个人的尊重。) Respect for the elderly is an important part of our culture.(尊重老人是我们文化的重要组成部分。) 17.spread v. 传播 【用法释义】及物或不及物动词,可表示信息、疾病、情感等的扩散。 【常用搭配】spread to...(传播到……);spread out(展开)。 例句: The news spread quickly through the small town.(消息很快在小镇上传开了。) They tried to spread awareness about environmental protection.(他们试图传播环保意识。) The fire spread to nearby buildings before firefighters arrived.(在消防员到达之前,火势蔓延到了附近的建筑物。) 18.society n. 社会 【用法释义】不可数名词,指由人组成的群体或社区。 【常用搭配】civil society(公民社会);society as a whole(整个社会)。 例句: Education plays a key role in the development of society.(教育在社会发展中起着关键作用。) We should work together to solve the problems of society.(我们应该共同努力解决社会问题。) Technology has greatly changed the way society functions.(科技极大地改变了社会的运作方式。) 19.clear adj. 清楚的,明确的 【用法释义】形容词,可作定语或表语,表示易于理解或辨认。 【常用搭配】make clear(讲清楚);it is clear that...(很明显……)。 例句: He gave a clear explanation of the problem.(他对问题做了清楚的解释。) It is clear that she is the best candidate for the job.(很明显,她是这份工作的最佳人选。) The instructions on the package are not clear enough.(包装上的说明不够清楚。) 20.flag n. 旗,旗帜 【用法释义】可数名词,指用作象征或标志的布制旗帜。 【常用搭配】national flag(国旗);raise a flag(升旗)。 例句: The national flag is raised every morning at the school.(学校每天早上都升国旗。) They waved flags to celebrate the victory.(他们挥舞旗帜庆祝胜利。) The flag of China is red with five yellow stars.(中国的国旗是红色的,上面有五颗黄色的星星。) 21.slide v. (使)滑行,(使)滑动 【用法释义】不及物或及物动词,表示在表面上平滑移动。 【常用搭配】slide into...(滑入……);slide down...(滑下……)。 例句: The children love to slide on the icy ground in winter.(冬天孩子们喜欢在结冰的地面上滑行。) She slid the book across the table to me.(她把书从桌子对面滑给我。) The car slid off the road due to the heavy rain.(由于大雨,汽车滑出了道路。) 22.case n. 事例 【用法释义】可数名词,指具体的例子或情况。 【常用搭配】in case of...(万一……;如果发生……);in this case(在这种情况下)。 例句: Let me give you a case to explain the problem.(让我举个例子来解释这个问题。) In case of emergency, call the police immediately.(万一遇到紧急情况,立即报警。) This case shows the importance of careful planning.(这个事例表明了周密计划的重要性。) 23.urgent adj. 紧急的,急迫的 【用法释义】形容词,用于描述需要立即处理的事情,可作定语或表语。 【常用搭配】an urgent matter(紧急事件);it is urgent to do sth.(做某事很紧急)。 例句: There is an urgent need for medical supplies in the disaster area.(灾区急需医疗物资。) The problem is so urgent that we must solve it right away.(这个问题非常紧急,我们必须马上解决。) She received an urgent phone call from the hospital.(她接到了医院的紧急电话。) 24.guest n. 嘉宾,宾客 【用法释义】可数名词,指被邀请参加活动的人。 【常用搭配】honored guest(贵宾);guest room(客房)。 例句: The party was held to welcome the special guests.(举办聚会是为了欢迎特邀嘉宾。) She treated her guests with delicious food and drinks.(她用美味的食物和饮料招待客人。) The hotel has prepared a warm welcome for all guests.(酒店为所有宾客准备了热烈的欢迎。) 25.experienced adj. 经验丰富的,有经验的 【用法释义】形容词,用于描述人在某方面有丰富的经历,可作定语或表语。 【常用搭配】be experienced in...(在……方面有经验);experienced teacher(有经验的老师)。 例句: He is an experienced doctor who has worked for 20 years.(他是一位有20年工作经验的资深医生。) She is experienced in organizing large-scale events.(她在组织大型活动方面很有经验。) The company is looking for an experienced manager.(这家公司正在寻找一位有经验的经理。) 26.lawyer n. 律师 【用法释义】可数名词,指从事法律工作的专业人员。 【常用搭配】hire a lawyer(聘请律师);lawyer at law(执业律师)。 例句: He decided to become a lawyer to help people in need.(他决定成为一名律师来帮助有需要的人。) The lawyer presented strong evidence in the court.(律师在法庭上出示了有力的证据。) If you have legal problems, you should consult a lawyer.(如果你有法律问题,应该咨询律师。) 27.whether conj. 是否 【用法释义】连词,用于引导宾语从句或主语从句,表示两种可能性中的选择。 【常用搭配】whether...or not(是否……;不管是否……);whether to do sth.(是否做某事)。 例句: I wonder whether she will come to the party tonight.(我想知道她今晚是否会来参加聚会。) Whether we go hiking or stay at home depends on the weather.(我们去徒步还是待在家里取决于天气。) He didn’t tell me whether he had finished the work.(他没有告诉我他是否完成了工作。) 28.argument n. 论点,论据 【用法释义】可数名词,指在讨论或辩论中提出的理由。 【常用搭配】have an argument(进行争论);strong argument(有力的论点)。 例句: Each team presented their arguments in the debate.(每个团队在辩论中都提出了自己的论点。) They had a heated argument about the best way to solve the problem.(他们就解决问题的最佳方法进行了激烈的争论。) His argument was so convincing that everyone agreed with him.(他的论点非常有说服力,以至于每个人都同意他的观点。) 29.netizen n. 网民 【用法释义】可数名词,指使用互联网的人。 例句: Many netizens expressed their opinions on the social media platform.(许多网民在社交媒体平台上表达了他们的观点。) As a netizen, you should be responsible for what you post online.(作为网民,你应该对自己在网上发布的内容负责。) The survey shows that most netizens support the new policy.(调查显示大多数网民支持这项新政策。) 30.citizen n. 市民,城镇居民;公民 【用法释义】可数名词,指居住在某城市的人或具有某国国籍的人。 【常用搭配】city citizen(城市居民);citizen rights(公民权利)。 例句: Every citizen has the right to vote in the election.(每个公民都有在选举中投票的权利。) The government should listen to the voices of its citizens.(政府应该倾听公民的声音。) She has been a citizen of this city for more than 20 years.(她成为这个城市的市民已经20多年了。) 31.click n. 点击(鼠标) 【用法释义】可数名词,指鼠标的点击动作。 【常用搭配】a click of...(一次点击……);click on...(点击……)(动词短语)。 例句: With a click of the mouse, you can send the email.(点击一下鼠标,你就可以发送电子邮件。) The number of clicks on the website has increased significantly.(该网站的点击量显著增加了。) She made a click on the “Buy Now” button.(她点击了“立即购买”按钮。) 32.private adj. (感情、消息或意见)个人的,秘密的 【用法释义】形容词,用于描述属于个人而非公开的事物,可作定语或表语。 【常用搭配】private life(私人生活);private message(私信)。 例句: She doesn’t like to share her private feelings with others.(她不喜欢和别人分享自己的私人情感。) This is a private conversation—please don’t interrupt.(这是私人谈话——请不要打断。) He has a private office where he can work quietly.(他有一间私人办公室,可以在那里安静地工作。) 33.password n. (使用计算机系统或程序所用的)密码 【用法释义】可数名词,指进入系统或账户的秘密代码。 【常用搭配】set a password(设置密码);change a password(更改密码)。 例句: You need to enter the correct password to log in.(你需要输入正确的密码才能登录。) Remember to keep your password safe and don’t share it with others.(记住要保管好你的密码,不要与他人分享。) She forgot her password and couldn’t access her email account.(她忘记了密码,无法访问自己的电子邮件账户。) 34.careless adj. 不小心的,粗心的,疏忽的 【用法释义】形容词,用于描述人做事不仔细,可作定语或表语。 【常用搭配】be careless with...(对……粗心);careless mistake(粗心的错误)。 例句: He made a careless mistake in the math exam.(他在数学考试中犯了一个粗心的错误。) Don’t be careless with your personal information online.(在网上不要对个人信息粗心大意。) The careless driver caused a serious traffic accident.(那位粗心的司机导致了一场严重的交通事故。) 35.aware adj. 意识到的,明白的,知道的 【用法释义】表语形容词,不能作定语,需与be动词连用,后接of或从句。 【常用搭配】be aware of...(意识到……);be aware that...(知道……)。 例句: Are you aware of the risks involved in this project?(你意识到这个项目中涉及的风险了吗?) She wasn’t aware that her phone had been stolen.(她不知道自己的手机被偷了。) We should be aware of the importance of protecting the environment.(我们应该意识到保护环境的重要性。) 36.stranger n. 陌生人 【用法释义】可数名词,指不认识的人。 【常用搭配】stranger to...(对……陌生);make strangers of...(把……当作陌生人)。 例句: Don’t talk to strangers when you are alone.(独自一个人时不要和陌生人说话。) He felt like a stranger in the new city.(他在新城市里感觉自己像个陌生人。) The little girl was afraid of strangers and hid behind her mother.(小女孩害怕陌生人,躲在妈妈身后。) 37.cheat v. 欺诈,欺骗 【用法释义】及物动词,后接名词或代词作宾语,表示通过不正当手段误导他人。 【常用搭配】cheat sb.(欺骗某人);cheat on...(在……上作弊)。 例句: He cheated the old woman out of her money.(他骗走了老妇人的钱。) Don’t cheat in the exam—it’s dishonest.(考试不要作弊——这是不诚实的。) She found out that her partner had cheated on her.(她发现她的伴侣欺骗了她。) 38.enemy n. 敌人 【用法释义】可数名词,指对立或敌对的人或群体。 【常用搭配】enemy army(敌军);public enemy(公敌)。 例句: The two countries have been enemies for centuries.(这两个国家已经成为敌人几个世纪了。) He considered his rival as his greatest enemy.(他把竞争对手视为最大的敌人。) We should unite to fight against the common enemy.(我们应该团结起来对抗共同的敌人。) 39.cyberbullying n. 网络欺凌 【用法释义】不可数名词,指通过网络进行的欺凌行为。 【常用搭配】suffer from cyberbullying(遭受网络欺凌);prevent cyberbullying(防止网络欺凌)。 例句: Cyberbullying has become a serious problem among teenagers.(网络欺凌已成为青少年中的一个严重问题。) Schools should take measures to stop cyberbullying.(学校应该采取措施阻止网络欺凌。) She was depressed because of the cyberbullying she experienced online.(由于在网上遭受的网络欺凌,她感到沮丧。) 核心知识回顾 英语中“意识到”的表达方法 一、动词及动词短语 (一)realize 最常用的 “意识到” 表达,强调通过思考、经历后突然明白或领悟。 例句:I didn't realize how late it was until I looked at my watch.(直到我看了看手表,才意识到有多晚了。) [用法]后可接名词、代词、从句作宾语,常用于描述对事实、情况、错误等的认知。 (二)recognize 侧重于经过分析、辨别后认出或意识到,常涉及对原本熟悉事物的重新认识。 例句:She recognized the importance of teamwork after the project failed.(项目失败后,她意识到了团队合作的重要性。) [用法]可接名词、that 从句,也常用于被动语态,如 be recognized as(被认为是) 。 (三)be aware of 表示 “察觉到;意识到”,强调对某事物有一定的认知或注意到其存在,语气较温和。 例句:We should be aware of the potential risks.(我们应该意识到潜在的风险。) [用法]后接名词、动名词短语,也可接从句(需用 be aware that 结构) 。 (四)be conscious of 意为 “意识到;察觉到”,通常指内心主动地、清醒地意识到某事,常用于表达对自身感受、想法或周围环境的察觉。 例句:He was conscious of his mistake and apologized immediately.(他意识到了自己的错误并立即道歉。) [用法]与 be aware of 类似,后接名词、动名词或从句(be conscious that) 。 (五)come to realize 表示 “逐渐意识到”,强调意识的形成是一个渐进的过程。 例句:As I grew older, I came to realize the value of my parents' advice.(随着年龄的增长,我逐渐意识到父母建议的价值。) [用法]后接名词、从句,常用于描述通过时间或经历慢慢明白某个道理或事实。 二、句型结构 (一)It occurs to sb. that... 意思是 “某人突然想到;某人意识到”,常用于表达突然产生的想法或意识到的情况。 例句:It suddenly occurred to me that I had left my keys at home.(我突然意识到我把钥匙忘在家里了。) [用法]it 为形式主语,真正的主语是 that 引导的从句,常用于口语和书面语。 (二)It dawns on sb. that... 同样表示 “某人渐渐明白;某人意识到” ,强调从模糊到清晰的认知过程。 例句:It finally dawned on her that she had been wrong all along.(她终于意识到自己一直以来都错了。) [用法]结构与 It occurs to sb. that... 类似,it 作形式主语,that 从句为真正主语。 (三)hit sb.(that)... 表示 “使某人突然意识到”,常用于口语,语气较为强烈。 例句:It hit me that I had missed the last train.(我突然意识到我错过了最后一班火车。) [用法]it 作形式主语,真正主语为 that 从句(that 有时可省略)。 综合实战演练 一、单项选择 1. The bank is ______ the post office. You can see it easily. A. opposite B. beside C. behind D. under 2. I bought a ______ of chips from the supermarket. A. packet B. bag C. box D. bottle 3. We plan to have a ______ in the park this weekend. A. picnic B. party C. meeting D. game 4. The old shoes have a ______ smell. You should throw them away. A. smelly B. nice C. sweet D. fresh 5. Don’t make so much ______! The baby is sleeping. A. noise B. voice C. sound D. music 6. We should ______ the use of plastic bags to protect the environment. A. reduce B. increase C. make D. take 7. Please take a ______! The movie is about to start. A. seat B. table C. chair D. bed 8. All the ______ on the bus should wear seat belts. A. passengers B. drivers C. teachers D. doctors 9. Don’t be a ______! You should think before you act. A. fool B. hero C. star D. leader 10. Look at the ______! It says “No Smoking”. A. sign B. book C. picture D. letter 11. Taking care of the old is our ______. A. responsibility B. hobby C. problem D. dream 12. Remember to fasten your ______ before driving. A. seat belt B. school bag C. coat D. watch 13. The bus ______ is crowded at 7 a.m. every day. A. station B. stop C. office D. home 14. The ______ fell off the window and broke. A. flowerpot B. book C. pen D. cup 15. ______ is the most important thing in a friendship. A. Honesty B. Wealth C. Beauty D. Power 16. We should ______ each other’s opinions, even if we disagree. A. respect B. ignore C. forget D. refuse 17. The news ______ quickly through the town. A. spread B. stopped C. started D. ended 18. Everyone should try to make a contribution to ______. A. society B. family C. class D. team 19. The instructions are ______. You can understand them easily. A. clear B. difficult C. confusing D. wrong 20. The national ______ is raised every morning at school. A. flag B. map C. photo D. poster 21. The children like to ______ on the ice in winter. A. slide B. walk C. run D. jump 22. This is a good ______ of how to solve the problem. A. case B. story C. book D. way 23. It’s ______! We need to call an ambulance right now. A. urgent B. easy C. slow D. happy 24. The ______ at the party included many famous people. A. guests B. students C. workers D. farmers 25. Mr. Li is an ______ teacher. He has taught for 20 years. A. experienced B. young C. new D. bad 26. My uncle is a ______. He helps people with legal problems. A. lawyer B. doctor C. teacher D. driver 27. I don’t know ______ he will come or not. A. whether B. if C. that D. what 28. They had an ______ about which movie to watch. A. argument B. agreement C. idea D. plan 29. As a ______, she often shares her ideas online. A. netizen B. writer C. singer D. dancer 30. Every ______ should obey the laws of the country. A. citizen B. visitor C. tourist D. guest 31. Just ______ on the link to open the website. A. click B. touch C. push D. pull 32. Don’t share your ______ information online. It’s dangerous. A. private B. public C. interesting D. boring 33. Please set a strong ______ for your email account. A. password B. name C. number D. date 34. He is so ______ that he often forgets his keys. A. careless B. careful C. clever D. kind 35. Are you ______ of the danger around you? A. aware B. afraid C. sure D. proud 36. Never talk to ______ when you are alone. A. strangers B. friends C. parents D. classmates 37. The man tried to ______ her by selling fake goods. A. cheat B. help C. teach D. save 38. In the story, the hero fights against his ______. A. enemies B. friends C. family D. classmates 39. ______ is a serious problem that affects many young people. A. Cyberbullying B. Reading C. Studying D. Exercising 40. Which of the following is a noun? A. spread B. reduce C. honesty D. respect 【答案速查】 1. A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. A 11. A 12. A 13. A 14. A 15. A 16. A 17. A 18. A 19. A 20. A 21. A 22. A 23. A 24. A 25. A 26. A 27. A 28. A 29. A 30. A 31. A 32. A 33. A 34. A 35. A 36. A 37. A 38. A 39. A 40. C 【答案简析】 1. A. opposite(在……对面);B. beside(在旁边);C. behind(在后面);D. under(在下面)。 根据句意“银行在邮局______,你很容易看到”,opposite符合“在对面”的位置关系,故选A。 2. A. packet(小包);B. bag(袋子);C. box(盒子);D. bottle(瓶子)。 “a packet of chips”表示“一小包薯片”,是固定搭配,其他选项不符合薯片的常见包装单位,故选A。 3. A. picnic(野餐);B. party(派对);C. meeting(会议);D. game(游戏)。 “have a picnic”是固定短语,意为“去野餐”,与“公园”场景匹配,故选A。 4. A. smelly(有臭味的);B. nice(好的);C. sweet(甜的);D. fresh(新鲜的)。 根据“old shoes”和“throw them away”可知,鞋子有臭味,smelly符合语境,故选A。 5. A. noise(噪声);B. voice(嗓音);C. sound(声音);D. music(音乐)。 “make noise”表示“制造噪音”,与“婴儿在睡觉”的场景对应,noise指嘈杂的声音,故选A。 6. A. reduce(减少);B. increase(增加);C. make(制作);D. take(拿)。 根据“保护环境”可知,应“减少塑料袋使用”,reduce符合词义,故选A。 7. A. seat(座位);B. table(桌子);C. chair(椅子);D. bed(床)。 “take a seat”是固定短语,意为“就座”,与“电影开始”的场景匹配,故选A。 8. A. passengers(乘客);B. drivers(司机);C. teachers(老师);D. doctors(医生)。 “公交车上的______应系安全带”,乘客(passengers)是合适的主语,故选A。 9. A. fool(蠢人);B. hero(英雄);C. star(明星);D. leader(领导)。 根据“行动前应思考”可知,前句劝诫“不要做蠢人”,fool符合语境,故选A。 10. A. sign(指示牌);B. book(书);C. picture(图片);D. letter(信件)。 “No Smoking”是标识内容,sign表示“指示牌”,故选A。 11. A. responsibility(责任);B. hobby(爱好);C. problem(问题);D. dream(梦想)。 “照顾老人是我们的______”,responsibility表示“责任”,符合句意,故选A。 12. A. seat belt(安全带);B. school bag(书包);C. coat(外套);D. watch(手表)。 “开车前系好______”,seat belt是固定搭配“安全带”,故选A。 13. A. station(车站);B. stop(站点);C. office(办公室);D. home(家)。 “公交车______在早上7点很拥挤”,station指较大的车站,stop指站点,此处用station更符合语境,故选A。 14. A. flowerpot(花盆);B. book(书);C. pen(笔);D. cup(杯子)。 “从窗户掉下来摔碎的”应为花盆(flowerpot),其他物品不易因掉落而破碎,故选A。 15. A. Honesty(诚实);B. Wealth(财富);C. Beauty(美丽);D. Power(权力)。 “友谊中最重要的是______”,honesty(诚实)符合价值观,故选A。 16. A. respect(尊重);B. ignore(忽视);C. forget(忘记);D. refuse(拒绝)。 “即使不同意,也应______彼此的观点”,respect表示“尊重”,故选A。 17. A. spread(传播);B. stopped(停止);C. started(开始);D. ended(结束)。 “消息快速______全镇”,spread表示“传播”,过去式与原形一致,故选A。 18. A. society(社会);B. family(家庭);C. class(班级);D. team(团队)。 “为______做贡献”,society表示“社会”,范围最广,符合句意,故选A。 19. A. clear(清楚的);B. difficult(困难的);C. confusing(困惑的);D. wrong(错误的)。 “说明很______,容易理解”,clear表示“清楚的”,故选A。 20. A. flag(旗帜);B. map(地图);C. photo(照片);D. poster(海报)。 “每天早上升______”,national flag表示“国旗”,故选A。 21. A. slide(滑行);B. walk(走);C. run(跑);D. jump(跳)。 “冬天在冰上______”,slide表示“滑行”,符合语境,故选A。 22. A. case(事例);B. story(故事);C. book(书);D. way(方法)。 “这是解决问题的好______”,case表示“事例”,即“案例”,故选A。 23. A. urgent(紧急的);B. easy(容易的);C. slow(慢的);D. happy(开心的)。 “需要马上叫救护车”说明情况紧急,urgent符合词义,故选A。 24. A. guests(嘉宾);B. students(学生);C. workers(工人);D. farmers(农民)。 “派对上的______包括很多名人”,guests表示“嘉宾/宾客”,故选A。 25. A. experienced(有经验的);B. young(年轻的);C. new(新的);D. bad(坏的)。 “教了20年”说明是“有经验的”老师,experienced符合词义,故选A。 26. A. lawyer(律师);B. doctor(医生);C. teacher(老师);D. driver(司机)。 “帮助人们解决法律问题”的是律师(lawyer),故选A。 27. A. whether(是否);B. if(是否);C. that(无实义);D. what(什么)。 “whether...or not”是固定搭配,意为“是否”,if不与or not连用,故选A。 28. A. argument(论点/争论);B. agreement(同意);C. idea(想法);D. plan(计划)。 “关于看哪部电影有______”,argument表示“争论”,符合语境,故选A。 29. A. netizen(网民);B. writer(作家);C. singer(歌手);D. dancer(舞者)。 “经常在网上分享想法”的是网民(netizen),故选A。 30. A. citizen(公民);B. visitor(游客);C. tourist(游客);D. guest(宾客)。 “每个______应遵守国家法律”,citizen表示“公民”,故选A。 31. A. click(点击);B. touch(触摸);C. push(推);D. pull(拉)。 “______链接打开网站”,click on表示“点击”,是固定搭配,故选A。 32. A. private(个人的);B. public(公共的);C. interesting(有趣的);D. boring(无聊的)。 “不要分享______信息”,private表示“个人的/私密的”,符合网络安全常识,故选A。 33. A. password(密码);B. name(名字);C. number(数字);D. date(日期)。 “为邮箱账户设置强______”,password表示“密码”,故选A。 34. A. careless(粗心的);B. careful(仔细的);C. clever(聪明的);D. kind(善良的)。 “经常忘记钥匙”说明是“粗心的”,careless符合词义,故选A。 35. A. aware(意识到的);B. afraid(害怕的);C. sure(确定的);D. proud(骄傲的)。 “______周围的危险”,be aware of表示“意识到”,是固定短语,故选A。 36. A. strangers(陌生人);B. friends(朋友);C. parents(父母);D. classmates(同学)。 “独自时不要和______说话”,strangers表示“陌生人”,符合安全常识,故选A。 37. A. cheat(欺诈);B. help(帮助);C. teach(教);D. save(拯救)。 “卖假货”是欺诈行为,cheat表示“欺骗”,故选A。 38. A. enemies(敌人);B. friends(朋友);C. family(家人);D. classmates(同学)。 “英雄与______战斗”,enemies表示“敌人”,符合语境,故选A。 39. A. Cyberbullying(网络欺凌);B. Reading(阅读);C. Studying(学习);D. Exercising(锻炼)。 “影响许多年轻人的严重问题”是网络欺凌(cyberbullying),其他选项为积极行为,故选A。 40. A. spread(动词/传播);B. reduce(动词/减少);C. honesty(名词/诚实);D. respect(动词/尊重)。 题目问“哪个是名词”,honesty是名词,其他选项均为动词,故选C。 二、单词拼写(用单词适当形式填空) 1. I bought three ______ of biscuits from the supermarket. (packet) 2. They have ______ every month during summer. (picnic) 3. The fish smells ______ than the garbage. (smelly) 4. The children made a lot of ______ in the classroom. (noise) 5. We ______ the use of single-use plastics last year. (reduce) 6. All the ______ in the theater were occupied. (seat) 7. All the ______ on the train were excited about the journey. (passenger) 8. Those ______ made the same mistake again. (fool) 9. There are many ______ along the road. (sign) 10. Taking care of the elderly is our ______. (responsibility) 11. Remember to fasten your safety ______ before driving. (belt) 12. The city has several bus ______. (station) 13. The balcony is full of ______. (flowerpot) 14. ______ is an important quality in a friend. (honest) 15. We ______ our teacher yesterday. (respect) 16. The news ______ quickly through the small town. (spread) 17. Different ______ have different customs. (society) 18. Speak ______ so that everyone can hear you. (clear) 19. The square is decorated with many ______. (flag) 20. The children ______ on the snow yesterday. (slide) 21. These ______ show how to solve the problem. (case) 22. The ______ of the matter requires immediate action. (urgent) 23. The party hosted many ______ from different countries. (guest) 24. Mr. Li is an ______ teacher with 20 years of experience. (experience) 25. Both of my aunts are ______. (lawyer) 26. They had a long ______ about which movie to watch. (argue) 27. Many ______ shared their opinions on the online forum. (netizen) 28. All ______ should follow the traffic rules. (citizen) 29. Just a few ______ on the link will open the website. (click) 30. He acted ______ and caused a mistake. (careless) 【答案速查】 1. packets 2. picnics 3. smellier 4. noises 5. reduced 6. seats 7. passengers 8. fools 9. signs 10. responsibilities 11. belts 12. stations 13. flowerpots 14. Honesty 15. respected 16. spread 17. societies 18. clearly 19. flags 20. slid 21. cases 22. urgency 23. guests 24. experienced 25. lawyers 26. argument 27. netizens 28. citizens 29. clicks 30. carelessly 【答案简析】 1.packet → packets:“three”后接名词复数,packet变复数直接加-s。 2.picnic → picnics:“have picnics”表示“去野餐”,复数形式加-s。 3.smelly → smellier:than提示比较级,smelly为“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i加-er。 4.noise → noises:“many”后接可数名词复数,noise表示“噪音”时可数,加-s。 5.reduce → reduced:“last year”提示过去时,reduce为规则动词,加-d。 6.seat → seats:“all”后接复数名词,seat变复数加-s。 7.passenger → passengers:“all”后接复数,passenger加-s。 8.fool → fools:“those”后接复数,fool加-s。 9.sign → signs:“many”后接复数,sign加-s。 10.responsibility → responsibilities:responsibility为可数名词,“our”后用复数,变y为i加-es。 11.belt → belts:safety belt为“安全带”,复数加-s。 12.station → stations:“several”后接复数,station加-s。 13.flowerpot → flowerpots:复数直接加-s。 14.honest → Honesty:需用名词作主语,honest的名词形式为honesty,首字母大写。 15.respect → respected:“yesterday”提示过去时,respect加-ed。 16.spread → spread:spread的过去式与原形同形。 17.society → societies:“different”后接复数,society变y为i加-es。 18.clear → clearly:修饰动词“Speak”需用副词,clear加-ly。 19.flag → flags:“many”后接复数,flag加-s。 20.slide → slid:slide的过去式为不规则变化slid。 21.case → cases:“these”后接复数,case加-s。 22.urgent → urgency:需用名词作主语,urgent的名词形式为urgency。 23.guest → guests:“many”后接复数,guest加-s。 24.experience → experienced:需用形容词修饰“teacher”,experienced表示“有经验的”。 25.lawyer → lawyers:“both”后接复数,lawyer加-s。 26.argue → argument:需用名词,have an argument表示“争论”,argue的名词为argument。 27.netizen → netizens:“many”后接复数,netizen加-s。 28.citizen → citizens:“all”后接复数,citizen加-s。 29.click → clicks:“a few”后接复数,click加-s。 30.careless → carelessly:修饰动词“acted”需用副词,careless加-ly。 三、完成句子(根据汉语提示完成英语句子) 1.桌子上有一个小包和一个花盆。 There is a ______ and a ______ on the table. 2.我们的野餐在车站举行。 Our ______ is held at the ______. 3.这个花盆有臭味。 The ______ is ______. 4.不要在车站制造这么多噪音。 Don’t make so much ______ in the ______. 5.我们应该减少塑料袋的使用。 We should ______ ______ use of plastic bags. 6.请坐下在车站等待。 Please take a ______ and wait in the ______. 7.公交车上的所有乘客都系安全带。 All the ______ on the bus wear ______ ______. 8.别做傻瓜,相信陌生人。 Don’t be a ______ and believe the ______. 9.墙上有一个标志和一面旗帜。 There is a ______ and a ______ on the wall. 10.保护社会是我们的责任。 It’s our ______ to protect ______. 11.系好腰带并调整座位。 Fasten your ______ and adjust the ______. 12.我们尊重他的诚实。 We ______ his ______. 13.消息会在社会中快速传播。 The news will ______ quickly in ______. 14.路上有清楚的标志。 There are ______ ______ on the road. 15.杆子上有一面旗帜和一个标志。 There is a ______ and a ______ on the pole. 16.这是团队合作的一个好例子。 This is a ______ ______ of teamwork. 17.这是一个紧急情况。 This is an ______ ______. 18.每位客人都有一个座位。 Each ______ has a ______. 19.他是一位有经验的律师。 He is an ______ ______. 20.检查标志是否清楚。 Check ______ the ______ is clear. 21.他们就这个案例展开了争论。 They had an ______ about the ______. 22.许多网民喜欢点击链接。 Many ______ like to ______ links. 23.每个公民在社会中都扮演角色。 Every ______ plays a role in ______. 24.不要分享你的私人密码。 Don’t share your ______ ______. 25.他太粗心了,犯了错误。 He was too ______ and made a ______. 26.你意识到周围的危险了吗? Are you ______ of the danger ______? 27.永远不要欺骗陌生人。 Never ______ ______. 28.在故事中,英雄与敌人战斗。 In the story, the hero fights against ______. 29.网络欺凌是个严重的问题。 ______ is a serious ______. 30.她既是公民也是网民。 She is both a ______ and a ______. 【答案与解析】 1. 答案:packet; flowerpot 解析:“小包”对应词汇表中的“packet”,“花盆”对应“flowerpot”,两者均为可数名词,根据句子语境用单数形式。 2. 答案:picnic; station 解析:“野餐”是“picnic”,“车站”是“station”,都是可数名词,这里分别用单数形式表示一次野餐和一个车站。 3. 答案:flowerpot; smelly 解析:“花盆”用“flowerpot”,“有臭味的”是“smelly”,“smelly”作表语描述“flowerpot”的特征 。 4. 答案:noise; station 解析:“噪音”为“noise”,是不可数名词;“车站”是“station”,在车站“in the station” 。 5. 答案:reduce; the 解析:“减少”用“reduce”,“the use of...”表示“……的使用”,是固定搭配,“reduce the use of”即“减少……的使用”。 6. 答案:seat; station 解析:“坐下”常用“take a seat”,“车站”是“station”,符合句子语境。 7. 答案:passengers; seat belts 解析:“乘客”是“passenger”,“所有乘客”要用复数形式“passengers”;“安全带”是“seat belt”,所有乘客的安全带,用复数“seat belts”。 8. 答案:fool; stranger 解析:“傻瓜”是“fool”,“陌生人”是“stranger”,在句子中用单数形式表示泛指。 9. 答案:sign; flag 解析:“标志”是“sign”,“旗帜”是“flag”,根据句子意思,两者都用单数形式。 10. 答案:responsibility; society 解析:“责任”是“responsibility”,“社会”是“society”,“It’s one's responsibility to do sth.”表示“做某事是某人的责任”。 11. 答案:belt; seat 解析:“腰带”是“belt”,“座位”是“seat”,在句子中分别用单数形式。 12. 答案:respect; honesty 解析:“尊重”是“respect”,“诚实”是“honesty”,“respect one's honesty”表示“尊重某人的诚实” 。 13. 答案:spread; society 解析:“传播”是“spread”,“在社会中”是“in society”,“will”后接动词原形“spread”。 14. 答案:clear; signs 解析:“清楚的”是“clear”,“标志”是“sign”,“路上有很多标志”,所以用复数“signs”。 15. 答案:flag; sign 解析:同第9题,“旗帜”是“flag”,“标志”是“sign”,都用单数形式。 16. 答案:good; case 解析:“例子”是“case”,“好例子”用“good case” 。 17. 答案:urgent; case 解析:“紧急的”是“urgent”,“情况”是“case”,“an urgent case”表示“一个紧急情况”。 18. 答案:guest; seat 解析:“嘉宾,宾客”是“guest”,“座位”是“seat”,“each”后接可数名词单数。 19. 答案:experienced; lawyer 解析:“有经验的”是“experienced”,“律师”是“lawyer”,“an experienced lawyer”表示“一位有经验的律师”。 20. 答案:whether; sign 解析:“是否”用“whether”,“标志”是“sign”,“检查标志是否清楚”即“Check whether the sign is clear”。 21. 答案:argument; case 解析:“论点,论据”即“争论”用“argument”,“案例”是“case”,“have an argument about...”表示“就……展开争论”。 22. 答案:netizens; click 解析:“网民”是“netizen”,“许多网民”用复数“netizens”;“点击”是“click”,“like to do sth.”后接动词原形“click”。 23. 答案:citizen; society 解析:“公民”是“citizen”,“每个公民”用单数“citizen”,“在社会中”是“in society”。 24. 答案:private; password 解析:“个人的,秘密的”是“private”,“密码”是“password”,“私人密码”即“private password”。 25. 答案:careless; mistake 解析:“不小心的,粗心的”是“careless”,“犯错误”常用“make a mistake” 。 26. 答案:aware; around 解析:“意识到的”是“aware”,“be aware of...”表示“意识到……”,“周围”用“around”。 27. 答案:cheat; strangers 解析:“欺诈,欺骗”是“cheat”,“陌生人”是“stranger”,“欺骗陌生人”,“陌生人”用复数“strangers”表示泛指。 28. 答案:enemies 解析:“敌人”是“enemy”,英雄与多个敌人战斗,所以用复数“enemies”。 29. 答案:Cyberbullying; problem 解析:“网络欺凌”是“Cyberbullying”,“问题”是“problem”,“Cyberbullying is a serious problem”表示“网络欺凌是个严重的问题”。 30. 答案:citizen; netizen 解析:“公民”是“citizen”,“网民”是“netizen”,两者都用单数形式表示她的双重身份。 ( 1 / 2 )学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

资源预览图

21.Unit 5 Play by the rules_(重点词汇)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024)
1
21.Unit 5 Play by the rules_(重点词汇)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024)
2
21.Unit 5 Play by the rules_(重点词汇)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024)
3
所属专辑
相关资源
示范课
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。