Unit4 完形填空精练（知识&题型大冲关）-2024-2025学年高一英语下学期知识&题型大冲关（人教版2019必修第三册）

Unit 4 完形填空练习 目录 精练篇 1 Passage 1 1 基础篇 8 Passage 1 8 Passage 2 12 Passage 3 15 Passage 4 19 拔高篇 22 Passage 1 22 Passage 2 25 Passage 3 29 Passage 4 32 Passage 5 36 Passage 6 39 精练篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐⭐⭐ “It will be marvelous. It will be spiritual.” This is the 1 tagline that Virgin Galactic used in 2004 to attract potential customers to its planned space tourism services. It promised that, within five years, it would take a total of over 3,000 passengers on life-changing trips in its spaceships. On July 11, 2021, after a last 90-minute delay, Virgin Galactic finally began its fulfillment of that original 2 . For four minutes, its six temporarily weightless passengers, including the firm’s British co-founder, Sir Richard Branson, saw the planet against the blackness of outer space. Back on the ground, Sir Richard called the experience “magical”. He may have 3 the fact that he was able to reach space earlier than Jeff Bezos, a fellow billionaire but much wealthier. On July 20, Bezos would go slightly higher, for slightly less time, in a vehicle that had been built by his own spacefaring company, Blue Origin. The two tycoons (大亨) are among a growing number of 4 who believe that space tourism’s time has come. Suborbital (亚轨道的) tourism is part of a broader space economy that has rapidly grown over the past decade 5 technological advances. However, it is highly 6 that this will be true. For now, Blue Origin and Virgin Galactic will offer 7 suborbital flights to paying customers. Blue Origin is focusing much more on the development of a large new rocket that will be used for the launching of satellites, on selling advanced rocket engines to other companies, and on bidding (投标) on NASA contracts such as the recently announced plan to send humans back to the moon. 8 , Bezos doesn’t see Blue Origin as a provider of services to adventure-seekers. Even this 4-minute suborbital travels have a(n) 9 , apparently. A major survey found that nearly two in five people with a net worth of over five million dollars would consider paying $250,000, Virgin Galactic’s current price, for a ticket. The business could be 10 , once regular flights begin to offset (抵消) the rockets’ development costs. But how fast and by how much is 11 . Without tourist-friendly destinations to visit (the capacity of the International Space Station is strictly limited), orbital tourism, with its far higher ticket prices, will not be a huge earner. Another challenge — and the industry’s biggest remaining uncertainty — relates to 12 . History has shown that a disaster, 13 in the early stages of an industry, can set progress back by years. NASA 14 its plan to send the untrained to orbit in 1986 after a school teacher was killed along with the rest of the crew in the Challenger tragedy. It was another 15 years before the next untrained person would 15 the journey on a Russian craft. 1．A．modest B．demanding C．motivational D．unclear 2．A．obligation B．commitment C．requirement D．survey 3．A．felt ashamed of B．kept an eye on C．felt content with D．got upset with 4．A．optimists B．opponents C．experts D．objectors 5．A．thanks to B．but for C．apart from D．in spite of 6．A．impossible B．undoubted C．probable D．favorable 7．A．long-lasting B．inexpensive C．automatic D．brief 8．A．On the contrary B．What’s more C．In the long run D．Above all 9．A．shortcoming B．limitation C．advantage D．appeal 10．A．profitable B．uneconomic C．eco-friendly D．globalized 11．A．predictable B．essential C．irrelevant D．uncertain 12．A．development B．security C．stability D．novelty 13．A．particularly B．critically C．precisely D．unforeseeably 14．A．initiated B．drafted C．modified D．suspended 15．A．brave B．abandon C．steer D．pause 词汇积累 marvelous 释义：“极好的”“非凡的”“令人惊叹的”，形容事物具有极高的品质、独特的魅力或令人赞叹的特性，常带有强烈的正面情感色彩。 示例：The view from the mountain top was absolutely marvelous.（山顶的景色简直美极了。） motivational 释义：“激励的”“激发动力的”，指能够鼓舞人心、促使他人产生积极性或行动意愿的，常用于描述话语、事物或环境对人的影响。 示例：Her speech was full of motivational stories that inspired the audience.（她的演讲充满了激励人心的故事，鼓舞了听众。） attract ... to ... 释义：“吸引…… 到……”“使…… 对…… 产生兴趣”，表示通过某种特质、魅力或优势，使某人或某物转向特定的对象、地点或活动。 示例：The new park’s unique design attracts many families to spend weekends there.（新公园独特的设计吸引了许多家庭去那里度周末。） commitment 释义：“承诺”“投入”“奉献”，指对某一目标、责任或关系的忠诚和坚定的决心，常体现为持续的努力或牺牲。 示例：His commitment to environmental protection has inspired many people to take action.（他对环境保护的执着投入激励了许多人采取行动。） feel content with 释义：“对…… 感到满足”，强调对现状或所得持有满意、知足的心态，不奢求更多。 示例：She feels content with her simple life in the countryside.（她对乡村的简单生活感到满足。） a growing number of 释义：“越来越多的”，表示数量或规模呈现持续增长的趋势，用于描述人或事物的递增状态。 示例：A growing number of students are choosing to study abroad for better opportunities.（越来越多的学生为了更好的机会选择出国留学。） thanks to 释义：“多亏”“由于”，用于引出导致某种结果的原因，通常指正面的、促成良好结果的因素。 示例：Thanks to your help, we finished the project ahead of schedule.（多亏你的帮助，我们提前完成了项目。） offset 释义：“抵消”“弥补”，指通过某种方式平衡或减轻不良影响，使损失、差距等得到补偿。 示例：Planting more trees can help offset carbon emissions.（种植更多树木有助于抵消碳排放。） set back 释义：“推迟”“使受挫”“阻碍进展”，指某一事件或情况导致计划、进程延迟或遭受挫折。 示例：The bad weather set back the construction of the bridge by two weeks.（恶劣天气使桥梁建设推迟了两周。） brave the journey 释义：“勇敢踏上旅程”“不畏艰难地前行”，指在面对困难、风险或未知时，依然鼓起勇气开始或继续一段旅程（可指实际的旅途或抽象的历程）。 示例：They decided to brave the journey through the stormy mountains.（他们决定勇敢踏上穿越狂风暴雨的山区之旅。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 长难句分析 【1】For four minutes, its six temporarily weightless passengers, including the firm’s British co-founder, Sir Richard Branson, saw the planet against the blackness of outer space. 译文 在四分钟时间里，包括该公司英国联合创始人理查德布兰森爵士在内的六名暂时失重的乘客，从外太空的黑暗中看见了地球。 翻译要点 (1) 代词指代的明确化：“its” 指代前文提到的飞行器（如维珍银河的太空船），中文译为 “其”，简洁且符合科技语境；“the firm” 译为 “该公司”，明确指代维珍银河（需结合上下文），避免 “这家公司” 的模糊性。 (2) 头衔与身份的处理：“Sir Richard Branson” 采用 “名 + 姓 + 爵士” 的译法，“爵士” 头衔置于姓名后，符合中文对西方贵族头衔的翻译习惯；“co-founder” 译为 “联合创始人”，比 “共同创始人” 更简洁，突出合作创立的身份。 (3) 空间关系的具象化：“against the blackness” 译为 “从外太空的黑暗中”，将 “against”（对抗 / 以…… 为背景）转化为 “从…… 中” 的方位概念，更贴合中文 “在…… 背景下观察” 的表达；“saw the planet” 译为 “看见了地球”，通过 “看见” 强化视觉体验，与 “外太空的黑暗” 形成明暗对比。 (4) 专业术语的场景适配：“temporarily weightless” 译为 “暂时失重的”，准确描述亚轨道飞行中短暂的失重状态，区别于长期失重（如空间站环境）；“outer space” 译为 “外太空”，比 “外层空间” 更口语化，符合新闻报道的通俗性需求。 分析 该句是一个包含时间状语、主句及同位语的简单句，通过场景描述呈现失重状态下的太空观测体验。时间状语For four minutes”（持续四分钟）置于句首，限定动作持续时长，“For” 强调时间的延续性，暗示短暂而珍贵的体验；主句主干“its six temporarily weightless passengers saw the planet against the blackness of outer space”其中，地点状语“against the blackness of outer space”（在太空的黑暗背景下），“against” 表对比，将地球的轮廓与外太空的漆黑形成视觉反差，“of outer space” 限定 “blackness” 的范围，强化宇宙环境的广袤与深邃；“including the firm’s British co-founder, Sir Richard Branson”中“including” 引出乘客中的特殊个体，“the firm’s” 指代所属公司，“British co-founder” 强调身份的双重属性（国籍与职位），“Sir Richard Branson” 为人名，通过头衔 “Sir” 增强人物权威性，与 “passengers” 形成 “群体 — 个体” 的补充关系，暗示此次体验的标志性意义（如商业航天领袖参与）。 【2】Blue Origin is focusing much more on the development of a large new rocket that will be used for the launching of satellites, on selling advanced rocket engines to other companies, and on bidding (投标) on NASA contracts such as the recently announced plan to send humans back to the moon. 译文 蓝色起源公司正将更多精力集中于开发一种用于发射卫星的大型新型火箭、向其他公司出售先进火箭发动机，以及投标美国宇航局的合同（如最近宣布的将人类送回月球的计划）。 翻译要点 (1) 并列结构的中文适配：三个 “on” 引导的并列宾语译为 “集中于……、……，以及……”，通过顿号和 “以及” 衔接，符合汉语列举习惯；重复的 “on” 在中文中省略，避免冗余，仅保留最后一个 “以及” 强化并列逻辑。 (2) 专业术语的准确性：Blue Origin：蓝色起源（公司名，保留英文原名并通用此译法）；satellites：卫星（航天领域固定译法）；NASA contracts：美国宇航局合同（机构名全称译法）。 (3) 定语从句的简化处理：“that will be used for...” 译为 “用于…… 的”，将英文被动语态转化为中文的前置定语，符合 “名词 + 修饰语” 的语序；“launching of satellites” 译为 “发射卫星”，动名词短语转化为动宾结构，更符合中文动态表达习惯。 (4) 括号的补充说明作用：“such as...” 引导的举例部分译为 “（如……）”，通过括号补充说明 “合同” 的具体内容，避免句子冗长，同时突出 “送人类回月球计划” 的标志性。 分析 该句是一个包含主句和多重并列状语的简单句，通过 “聚焦于” 的核心结构，系统呈现蓝色起源公司的业务布局。主句主干为“Blue Origin is focusing much more on the development of a large new rocket, on selling advanced rocket engines to other companies, and on bidding on NASA contracts”其中，谓语“is focusing much more on”（更加聚焦于），“is focusing” 为现在进行时，强调当前持续的战略方向，“much more” 突出专注程度的递进；并列宾语由三个 “on + 动名词 / 名词短语” 构成，形成平行结构：第一宾语“the development of a large new rocket”（大型新型火箭的研发）“the development” 为核心名词，“of a large new rocket” 作后置定语，“large”“new” 强调火箭的规模与创新性，指向未来航天运输能力；第二宾语“selling advanced rocket engines to other companies”（向其他公司销售先进火箭发动机）“selling” 为动名词，“advanced rocket engines” 突出产品技术属性，“to other companies” 拓展业务对象，体现产业链上游的技术输出；第三宾语“bidding on NASA contracts”（投标美国宇航局合同）“bidding on”（投标）体现商业竞争行为，“NASA contracts”（美国宇航局合同）明确目标客户，括号内 “such as the recently announced plan to send humans back to the moon” 为举例说明“such as” 引出具体合同类型，“the recently announced plan”（最近宣布的计划）强调时效性，“to send humans back to the moon”（将人类送回月球）为不定式短语作定语，说明合同的科学目标，呼应美国重返月球的战略，凸显业务的高规格与战略性。 【3】A major survey found that nearly two in five people with a net worth of over five million dollars would consider paying $250,000, Virgin Galactic’s current price, for a ticket. 译文 一项主要调查发现，在净资产超过 500 万美元的人群中，近五分之二的人会考虑支付 25 万美元（维珍银河目前的票价）购买一张机票。 翻译要点 (1) 分数与数量词的转换：“two in five” 译为 “五分之二”，中文分数采用 “分子 + 分之 + 分母” 结构，比 “五分之二的人” 更简洁；“five million dollars” 译为 “500 万美元”，遵循中文 “万” 进制计数习惯（100 万 = 100 万，5×100 万 = 500 万）。 (2) 专业术语的场景化：“net worth” 译为 “净资产”，区别于 “总资产”，财务领域精准表述；“Virgin Galactic” 译为 “维珍银河”，公司名固定译法，保留品牌认知度。 (3) 插入语的逻辑处理：英文插入语直接置于数字后，中文用括号分隔并补充 “票价”，明确数字的含义，避免读者误判 “25 万美元” 为其他费用，同时 “目前的” 体现价格的时效性。 (4) 情态动词的语气传递：“would consider” 译为 “会考虑”，体现调查结果的推测性（潜在意愿），而非确定性动作，符合 “survey found”（调查发现）的统计语境。 分析 该句是一个包含主句和宾语从句的复合句，通过数据和细节描述揭示高净值人群对太空旅行的消费意愿。主句主干为“A major survey found that...”（一项主要调查发现……）。宾语从句“nearly two in five people with a net worth of over five million dollars would consider paying $250,000, Virgin Galactic’s current price, for a ticket”其中，主语为“nearly two in five people with a net worth of over five million dollars”（近五分之二净资产超过 500 万美元的人），“with a net worth of over five million dollars”为介词短语作后置定语，限定人群属性，“net worth”（净资产）突出消费能力基础；谓语“would consider paying”（会考虑支付），“would” 表意愿，“consider paying” 体现潜在消费行为；宾语“$250,000”（25 万美元），明确金额；同位语“Virgin Galactic’s current price”（维珍银河的当前票价），对 “$250,000” 进行补充说明，“current” 强调价格时效性，“Virgin Galactic” 点明服务提供方，增强信息关联度；目的状语“for a ticket”（购买一张机票），说明支付目的，“ticket” 指代太空旅行机票，隐含新兴消费场景。 翻译练习 1. 音乐会很精彩—— 所有人都喜欢美妙的音乐和绚丽的灯光。 (marvelous) The concert was marvelous — everyone enjoyed the beautiful music and colorful lights. 2. 教练在比赛前做了一次鼓舞人心的讲话，我们因此都更努力地比赛了。 (motivational) My coach gave a motivational talk before the game, and we all played harder because of it. 3. 图书馆希望通过提供舒适的座位和有趣的书籍，把更多学生吸引到阅读中来。(attract to ) The library aims to attract more students to reading by offering comfortable seats and interesting books. 4. 任何领域的成功都需要坚定不移的投入—— 无论是每天数小时练习乐器，还是数年如一日投身科学研究。(commitment) Success in any field requires unwavering commitment—whether it’s practicing an instrument for hours daily or dedicating years to scientific research. 5. 我对自己的进步感到满足，尽管还有提升的空间。 (feel content with) I feel content with my progress, even though there’s still room to improve. 6. 多植树有助于抵消碳排放，这使它成为个人参与环保的一种简单而有效的方式。(offset) Planting more trees can help offset carbon emissions, making it a simple yet effective way for individuals to contribute to environmental protection. 7. 坏天气让我们的野餐计划遇挫，但我们改到下周了。(set back) The bad weather caused a set back in our picnic plan, but we rescheduled it for next week. 8. 他们决定勇敢踏上穿越森林的旅程，尽管这很危险。(brave the journey) They decided to brave the journey through the forest, even though it was dangerous. 答案解析 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了太空旅行的发展、吸引力以及行业的不确定性。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是维珍银河公司在2004年用以吸引潜在客户使用其计划中的太空旅游服务的激励性口号。A. modest谦虚的；B. demanding要求高的；C. motivational激励的；D. unclear不清楚的。根据上文“It will be marvelous. It will be spiritual.”可知，此处表示这是公司吸引潜在客户的激励性口号。故选C项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2021年7月11日，在最后90分钟的延迟后，维珍银河终于开始履行最初的承诺。A. obligation义务；B. commitment承诺；C. requirement要求；D. survey调查。根据上文“It promised that, within five years, it would take a total of over 3,000 passengers on life-changing trips in its spaceships.”可知，公司承诺会让乘客乘坐宇宙飞船去旅行，此处表示公司开始履行最初的承诺。故选B项。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他可能对自己能够比杰夫·贝佐斯更早到达太空感到满意，贝佐斯是一位比他更富裕的亿万富翁。A. felt ashamed of感到羞愧；B. kept an eye on密切关注；C. felt content with满足于；D. got upset with感到沮丧。根据下文“he was able to reach space earlier than Jeff Bezos, a fellow billionaire but much wealthier.”可知，贝佐斯比他更富有，推测他对于自己比贝佐斯更早到达太空感到满意。故选C项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两位大亨是越来越多的乐观主义者之一，他们认为太空旅游的时代已经到来。A. optimists乐观主义者；B. opponents对手；C. experts专家；D. objectors反对者。根据下文“who believe that space tourism’s time has come”可知，他们认为太空旅游的时代已经到来，所以这两位大亨是乐观主义者。故选A项。 5．考查介词短语辨析。句意：亚轨道旅游业是更广泛的空间经济的一部分，由于科技进步，在过去十年中，该经济迅速增长。A. thanks to由于；B. but for要不是；C. apart from除了；D. in spite of尽管。根据下文“technological advances”以及常识可知，由于科技进步，亚轨道旅游业作为空间经济的一部分，得以迅速增长。故选A项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，毫无疑问，这是真的。A. impossible不可能的；B. undoubted毫无疑问的；C. probable可能的；D. favorable有利的。根据上文“Suborbital tourism is part of a broader space economy that has rapidly grown over the past decade ____5____ technological advances.”可知，由于科技进步，亚轨道旅游业作为空间经济的一部分，得以迅速增长，毫无疑问，这是真的。故选B项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目前，Blue Origin和Virgin Galactic将为付费客户提供短暂的亚轨道飞行。A. long-lasting持久的；B. inexpensive廉价的；C. automatic自动的；D. brief短暂的。根据下文“this 4-minute suborbital travels”可知，Blue Origin和Virgin Galactic将提供短暂的亚轨道飞行。故选D项。 8．考查介词短语辨析。句意：从长远来看，贝佐斯并不只是把Blue Origin看作一家为冒险者提供服务的公司。A. On the contrary正相反；B. What’s more更重要的是；C. In the long run从长远来看；D. Above all首先。根据上文“Blue Origin is focusing much more on the development of a large new rocket that will be used for the launching of satellites, on selling advanced rocket engines to other companies, and on bidding on NASA contracts such as the recently announced plan to send humans back to the moon.”可知，Blue Origin专注于其他项目，所以从长远来看，贝佐斯并不仅仅把Blue Origin看作一家为冒险者提供服务的公司，而是为了更远大的目标。故选C项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，即使是这种4分钟的亚轨道旅行也有吸引力。A. shortcoming缺点；B. limitation限制；C. advantage优势；D. appeal吸引力。根据下文“A major survey found that nearly two in five people with a net worth of over five million dollars would consider paying $250,000, Virgin Galactic’s current price, for a ticket.”可知，4分钟的亚轨道旅行是有吸引力的。故选D项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦定期航班开始抵消火箭的开发成本，该业务能够有利可图。A. profitable有利可图的；B. uneconomic不盈利的；C. eco-friendly环保的；D. globalized全球化的。根据下文“once regular flights begin to offset (抵消) the rockets’ development costs.”可知，火箭的开发成本被抵消之后，业务会有利可图。故选A项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但速度和幅度尚不确定。A. predictable可预测的；B. essential基本的；C. irrelevant无关的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据下文“Without tourist-friendly destinations to visit (the capacity of the International Space Station is strictly limited), orbital tourism, with its far higher ticket prices, will not be a huge earner.”可知，业务有利可图的速度和幅度都还不确定。故选D项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个挑战——也是该行业现存最大的不确定性——与安全有关。A. development发展；B. security安全；C. stability稳定性；D. novelty新颖性。根据下文“History has shown that a disaster, ____13____ in the early stages of an industry, can set progress back by years.”可知，另一个挑战与安全有关。故选B项。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：历史已经表明，一场灾难，尤其是在一个行业的早期阶段，可能会阻碍进展数年。A. particularly特别是；B. critically批判地；C. precisely精确地；D. unforeseeably不可预见地。根据语境以及常识，灾难，尤其是在行业的早期阶段，会阻碍进展。故选A项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1986年，在挑战者号悲剧中，一名学校教师和其他机组人员丧生后，NASA暂缓了将未经训练的宇航员送入轨道的计划。A. initiated发起；B. drafted起草；C. modified修改；D. suspended暂缓。根据下文“after a school teacher was killed along with the rest of the crew in the Challenger tragedy.”可知，在一名学校教师和其他机组人员丧生后，NASA暂缓了计划。故选D项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：又过了15年，下一个未经训练的人才会勇敢地乘坐俄罗斯飞船旅行。A. brave勇敢面对；B. abandon放弃；C. steer操纵；D. pause暂停。根据上文“a school teacher was killed along with the rest of the crew in the Challenger tragedy.”可知，未经训练的人乘坐飞船旅行是危险的，所以此处表示15年后，下一个未经训练的人才勇敢地乘坐飞船旅行。故选A项。 基础篇 Passage 1 “I am ready for my first space flight,” Zhang Lu said. Having gone through a dozen years of tough training, Zhang has been appointed, along with two others, to 1 the country's space task. Full of 2 for the upcoming six- month stay in space, he also hoped to sing in his spare time. “Singing is my hobby, through which I can 3 my true feelings.” Born in 1976 in Hanshou, Zhang is gifted with a beautiful 4 and loves singing. In school, Zhang 5 his interest in music, applying for a music school, before he saw a notice recruiting (招募) flight cadets, which 6 his mind completely. Asked why he chose to become a flight cadet (学员) 7 studying singing, he answered, “If I had become a singer, I would never had the chance to 8 a plane, but if I chose to be a pilot, I could sing proudly while flying in the blue sky. ” In 2003, Yang Liwei was 9 sent into space, realizing the Chinese people's 10 dream of space exploration. It 11 Zhang, then an air force pilot, to become an astronaut and fly into space one day. He didn't get his 12 until six years later, when China began to 13 its second group of astronauts. The road to space has never been a shortcut, and Zhang experienced many 14 along the way. Zhang, together with his 15 will witness (当场看到) the official completion of the country's space station construction during their six- month stay in orbit. 1．A．carry out B．set up C．pick out D．speed up 2．A．confidence B．doubts C．curiosity D．expectations 3．A．express B．understand C．tell D．admit 4．A．face B．voice C．heart D．nose 5．A．lost B．discovered C．continued D．hid 6．A．filled B．changed C．opened D．exercised 7．A．instead of B．in honour of C．in favour of D．regardless of 8．A．see B．take C．fly D．touch 9．A．directly B．secretly C．naturally D．successfully 10．A．new-born B．long-held C．environmentally-related D．fully-achieved 11．A．suggested B．allowed C．encouraged D．forced 12．A．job B．permission C．answer D．chance 13．A．train B．send C．select D．investigate 14．A．failures B．hardships C．experiments D．emotions 15．A．classmates B．friends C．children D．teammates 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国宇航员张璐通过多年艰苦训练，最终被选中执行国家太空任务的故事。文章还提到他对音乐的热爱以及他如何选择成为一名宇航员而不是歌手的经历。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过十多年的艰苦训练，张璐和其他两人被任命执行国家的太空任务。A. carry out执行；B. set up建立；C. pick out挑选；D. speed up加速。根据下文“the country's space task.”可知，张璐被任命执行国家的太空任务。故选A。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对即将在太空停留六个月充满期待，并希望在业余时间唱歌。A. confidence信心；B. doubts怀疑；C. curiosity好奇心；D. expectations期待。根据下文“he also hoped to sing in his spare time.”可知，张璐对太空任务充满期待。故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：唱歌是我的爱好，通过唱歌我可以表达自己的真实情感。A. express表达；B. understand理解；C. tell告诉；D. admit承认。根据下文“my true feelings.”可知，张璐通过唱歌表达情感。故选A。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：张璐天生有一副好嗓子，并且热爱唱歌。A. face脸；B. voice声音；C. heart心；D. nose鼻子。根据下文“loves singing”可知，张璐天生有一副好嗓子。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校时，张璐继续他对音乐的兴趣，申请了音乐学校，后来他看到了招募飞行学员的通知，这彻底改变了他的想法。A. lost失去；B. discovered发现；C. continued继续；D. hid隐藏。根据下文“applying for a music school”可知，张璐继续对音乐的兴趣。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校时，张璐继续他对音乐的兴趣，申请了音乐学校，后来他看到了招募飞行学员的通知，这彻底改变了他的想法。A. filled充满；B. changed改变；C. opened打开；D. exercised锻炼。根据上文“before he saw a notice recruiting (招募) flight cadets”可知，招募通知改变了他的想法。故选B。 7．考查介词短语辨析。句意：当被问及为什么选择成为一名飞行学员而不是学习唱歌时，他回答说：“如果我成为一名歌手，我将永远没有机会驾驶飞机，但如果我选择成为一名飞行员，我可以在蓝天中自豪地唱歌。”A. instead of而不是；B. in honour of为了纪念；C. in favour of支持；D. regardless of不管。根据上文“he chose to become a flight cadet（学员）可知，张璐选择成为飞行学员而不是学习唱歌。故选A 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及为什么选择成为一名飞行学员而不是学习唱歌时，他回答说：“如果我成为一名歌手，我将永远没有机会驾驶飞机，但如果我选择成为一名飞行员，我可以在蓝天中自豪地唱歌。”A. see看见；B. take拿；C. fly驾驶；D. touch触摸。根据下文“a plane”可知，张璐认为成为歌手将无法驾驶飞机。故选C。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：2003年，杨利伟成功进入太空，实现了中国人长期以来的太空探索梦想。A. directly直接地；B. secretly秘密地；C. naturally自然地；D. successfully成功地。根据下文“realizing the Chinese people's ____ dream of space exploration.”可知，杨利伟成功进入太空。故选D。 10．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：2003年，杨利伟成功进入太空，实现了中国人长期以来的太空探索梦想。A. new-born新生的；B. long-held长期持有的；C. environmentally-related与环境相关的；D. fully-achieved完全实现的。根据常识和历史知识可知，太空探索是中国人长期以来的梦想。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这激励了当时还是空军飞行员的张璐，使他希望有一天能成为一名宇航员并飞入太空。A. suggested建议；B. allowed允许；C. encouraged鼓励；D. forced强迫。根据上文“In 2003, Yang Liwei was _____sent into space, realizing the Chinese people's _______dream of space exploration”杨利伟的成功激励了张璐。故选C。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到六年后，中国开始选拔第二批宇航员时，他才得到了这个机会。A. job工作；B. permission许可；C. answer回答；D. chance机会。根据下文“when China began to _____its second group of astronauts. ”可知，张璐六年后才得到成为宇航员的机会。故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到六年后，中国开始选拔第二批宇航员时，他才得到了这个机会。A. train训练；B. send发送；C. select选拔；D. investigate调查。根据常识可知，宇航员是被选拔出来的。故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通往太空的道路从来不是捷径，张璐在这个过程中经历了许多艰辛。A. failures失败；B. hardships艰辛；C. experiments实验；D. emotions情感。根据上文“The road to space has never been a shortcut”可知，张璐在通往太空的道路上经历了许多艰辛。故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：张璐和他的队友们将在为期六个月的太空任务中见证中国空间站建设的正式完成。A. classmates同学；B. friends朋友；C. children孩子；D. teammates队友。根据上文“Zhang has been appointed, along with two others”可知，张璐和他的队友们将见证空间站建设的完成。故选D。 Passage 2 As I sat in the spaceship, traveling through the vast space, I was amazed by the greatness of the universe. Our task was to explore a newly-discovered planet, Planet X. The journey was long and filled with 1 . The meteors (流星) we met seemed to be 2 towards us like bullets. It was a(an) 3 moment, and everyone held their breath as our captain skillfully 4 the ship to avoid the effects. Finally, we arrived near Planet X. Through the telescope, I saw a planet 5 in a mysterious purple fog. Landing on the planet was no easy task because the gravity was stronger than we had expected. Our landing gear (起落架) 6 some damage during the touchdown. 7 , we were all safe in the end. Stepping out of the ship, I was 8 by a strange-looking landscape. The 9 of the planet looked like a barren desert with fine sand shining brightly. As I collected samples. I 10 how insignificant we humans are in this vast universe. Every new 11 here made me more curious about what else is out there. After 12 the data collected, we found that there existed some special chemicals on this planet. I couldn’t wait to 13 more secrets of Planet X. As the sun set, I felt a 14 of excitement and exhaustion. It was a day of unexpected yet wonderful discoveries and I wondered what 15 we would experience in the future. 1．A．challenges B．pains C．differences D．joys 2．A．walking B．pointing C．looking D．flying 3．A．relaxing B．stressful C．boring D．exciting 4．A．escaped B．destroyed C．operated D．abandoned 5．A．stuck B．involved C．enveloped D．trapped 6．A．suffered B．avoided C．repaired D．stopped 7．A．Unluckily B．Obviously C．Suddenly D．Thankfully 8．A．scared B．troubled C．refuse D．welcomed 9．A．shape B．surface C．inside D．structure 10．A．argued B．predicted C．realized D．explained 11．A．problem B．angle C．discovery D．change 12．A．looking into B．setting off C．carrying out D．holding up 13．A．mask B．reveal C．create D．keep 14．A．culture B．conclusion C．solution D．mixture 15．A．difficulties B．emergencies C．adventures D．accidents 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为宇航员探索新发现星球X的奇妙经历。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：旅程漫长且充满挑战。A. challenges挑战；B. pains痛苦；C. differences差异；D. joys乐趣。根据后文“The meteors (流星) we met seemed to be 2 towards us like bullets”可知，流星像子弹一样袭来，所以旅程充满困难和挑战。故选A。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们遇到的流星像子弹一样朝我们飞来。A. walking步行；B. pointing指着；C. looking看；D. flying飞。根据后文“towards us like bullets”可知，流星在太空中是高速运动的，所以是像子弹一样飞过来。故选D。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个紧张的时刻，当我们的船长熟练地操纵飞船以避免流星的影响时，每个人都屏住了呼吸。A. relaxing放松的；B. stressful紧张的；C. boring无聊的；D. exciting激动的。根据前文“The meteors (流星) we met seemed to be 2 towards us like bullets”和后文“and everyone held their breath”可知，面对流星像子弹一样袭来的危险情况，大家都很紧张。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个紧张的时刻，当我们的船长熟练地操纵飞船以避免流星的影响时，每个人都屏住了呼吸。A. escaped逃跑，操纵；B. destroyed破坏；C. operated操作；D. abandoned抛弃。根据后文“the ship to avoid the effects”可知，船长操纵飞船以避免流星的影响。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过望远镜，我看到一颗行星笼罩在神秘的紫色雾气中。A. stuck卡住；B. involved涉及；C. enveloped笼罩；D. trapped困住。根据后文“in a mysterious purple fog”可知，这里表示行星被紫色雾气环绕、笼罩的状态。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的起落架在着陆时受到了一些损坏。A. suffered遭受；B. avoided避免；C. repaired修理；D. stopped停止。根据后文“some damage during the touchdown”可知，起落架在着陆时受到了一些损坏，suffer damage表示“受损”。故选A。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，我们最后都安全了。A. Unluckily不幸地；B. Obviously显然；C. Suddenly突然；D. Thankfully值得庆幸地。根据后文“we were all safe in the end”可知，虽然起落架受损，但是最后都安全了，这是值得庆幸的。故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：走出飞船，一幅奇特的景观呈现在我面前。A. scared使害怕；B. troubled麻烦；C. refuse拒绝；D. welcomed迎接，呈现。根据后文“by a strange-looking landscape”可知，作者被眼前呈现的奇异的景色所吸引。故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：行星的表面看起来像一片贫瘠的沙漠，细沙闪闪发光。A. shape形状；B. surface表面；C. inside内部；D. structure结构。根据后文“of the planet looked like a barren desert”可知，此处描述的是行星的表面看起来像沙漠。故选B。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我收集样本时，我意识到我们人类在这个浩瀚的宇宙中是多么渺小。A. argued争论；B. predicted预测；C. realized意识到；D. explained解释。根据后文“how insignificant we humans are in this vast universe”可知，作者在收集样本时意识到人类的渺小。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里的每一个新发现都让我对宇宙中的其他事物更加好奇。A. problem问题；B. angle角度；C. discovery发现；D. change改变。根据后文“here made me more curious about what else is out there”可知，是每一个新发现让作者更加好奇。故选C。 12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在研究了收集到的数据后，我们发现这个星球上存在一些特殊的化学物质。A. looking into研究，调查；B. setting off出发；C. carrying out实施；D. holding up举起。根据后文“the data collected”可知，是研究了收集到的数据。故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迫不及待地想揭开X行星的更多秘密。A. mask掩饰；B. reveal揭示，揭开；C. create创造；D. keep保持。根据后文“more secrets of Planet X”可知，作者迫不及待地想揭开X行星的更多秘密。故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：夕阳西下，我感到既兴奋又疲惫。A. culture文化；B. conclusion结论；C. solution解决方案；D. mixture混合。根据后文“of excitement and exhaustion”可知，作者感到既兴奋又疲惫，这是一种混合的感觉。故选D。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个充满意外却又美妙的发现之日，我不知道我们将来会经历什么样的冒险。A. difficulties困难；B. emergencies紧急情况；C. adventures冒险；D. accidents事故。根据后文“we would experience in the future”可知，作者不知道将来会经历什么样的冒险。故选C。 Passage 3 Retirement hasn’t slowed down 90-year-old great-grandmother Jeanie Shaffer. She has made more than 11, 000 tiny 1 for newborns in her golden years. Every hat is made with special care and she has 2 them all to the local hospital for the last 15 years. Hospital staff put a hat on a baby soon after 3 to keep warm. A warm hat calms and 4 newborns as they adjust to life 5 the womb (子宫). That is why the hospital staff and new 6 are so appreciative of Jeanie’s handmade hats. Many families 7 the hats because they 8 emotional value to their baby’s first hat. Jeanie and her husband have a 9 family, with seven children, 15 grandchildren and 28 great-grandchildren. Although she has plenty to keep her 10 , she still found time to start a fun hobby in her 70s after she 11 . To honor Jeanie’s years of hard work and selfless volunteerism, the staff decided to 12 pictures of her creations to fill an album (相册). The hospital made a special 13 on social media to all the new moms to submit a picture of their newborn wearing the hat they had received, which was responded 14 . Thousands of grateful new moms soon shared 15 photos of their newborns wearing their special hats. The staff then selected part of the pictures for the album that they presented to Jeanie. 1．A．shoes B．socks C．gloves D．hats 2．A．sold B．lent C．donated D．posted 3．A．birth B．operation C．breakfast D．sleep 4．A．motivates B．comforts C．relieves D．annoys 5．A．outside B．upward C．inside D．downward 6．A．doctors B．moms C．nurses D．babies 7．A．protect B．abandon C．keep D．throw 8．A．seek B．announce C．carry D．attach 9．A．normal B．cute C．large D．rich 10．A．wealthy B．kind C．warm D．busy 11．A．retired B．married C．moved D．died 12．A．collect B．copy C．deliver D．took 13．A．suggestion B．survey C．request D．search 14．A．positively B．gradually C．ultimately D．apparently 15．A．reliable B．available C．respectable D．adorable 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了珍妮·谢弗退休后仍然抽出时间，为新生儿制作小帽子，这得到了数千新妈妈的感激。为了纪念珍妮多年的辛勤工作和无私的志愿服务，医院的工作人员收集珍妮的照片，制成了一本相册送给珍妮。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的流金岁月里，她已经为新生儿制作了超过11000顶小帽子。A. shoes鞋；B. socks袜子；C. gloves手套；D. hats帽子。根据下文“Every hat is made with special care and she has  ___2___  them all to the local hospital for the last 15 years.”可知，此处表示曾祖母为新生儿制作小帽子。故选D项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一顶帽子都是经过特别精心制作的，在过去的15年里，她把它们都捐赠给了当地的医院。A. sold卖；B. lent借；C. donated捐赠；D. posted张贴。根据下文“To honor Jeanie’s years of hard work and selfless volunteerism, the staff decided to  ___12___  pictures of her creations to fill an album (相册).”可推知，曾祖母精心制作的帽子被捐赠给了当地的医院。故选C项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：医院工作人员在婴儿出生后不久就给婴儿戴上帽子保暖。A. birth出生；B. operation操作；C. breakfast早餐；D. sleep睡觉。根据下文“A warm hat calms and  ___4___  newborns as they adjust to life  ___5___  the womb (子宫).”可知，此处表示在婴儿出生后不久。故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当新生儿适应子宫外的生活时，一顶温暖的帽子可以让他们平静和舒适。A. motivates激励；B. comforts安慰；使缓和；C. relieves缓解；D. annoys使恼怒。根据上文“Hospital staff put a hat on a baby soon after  ___3___  to keep warm. A warm hat calms and”可推知，此处表示一顶温暖的帽子可以让新生儿平静下来，感觉舒适。故选B项。 5．考查介词词义辨析。句意：当新生儿适应子宫外的生活时，一顶温暖的帽子可以让他们平静和舒适。A. outside在……外部；B. upward向上；C. inside在……内部；D. downward向下。根据上文“A warm hat calms and  ___4___  newborns as they adjust to life”以及常识可知，婴儿出生就意味着离开妈妈的身体，需要适应子宫之外的生活。故选A项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么医院工作人员和新妈妈们如此欣赏珍妮手工制作的帽子。A. doctors医生；B. moms妈妈；C. nurses护士；D. babies婴儿。根据下文“Thousands of grateful new moms soon shared  ___15___  photos of their newborns wearing their special hats.”以及语境可知，新妈妈们心怀感激，所以此处表示新妈妈们欣赏珍妮手工制作的帽子。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多家庭保留这顶帽子是因为他们重视孩子的第一顶帽子的情感价值。A. protect保护；B. abandon放弃；C. keep保留；D. throw扔。根据下文“because they  ___8___  emotional value to their baby’s first hat.”可知，许多家庭重视孩子第一顶帽子的情感价值，所以他们保留这顶帽子。故选C项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多家庭保留这顶帽子是因为他们重视孩子的第一顶帽子的情感价值。A. seek寻求；B. announce宣布；C. carry携带；D. attach重视。根据下文“emotional value to their baby’s first hat”以及语境可知，此处表示许多家庭重视孩子第一顶帽子的情感价值，所以他们保留这顶帽子。故选D项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：珍妮和她的丈夫有一个大家庭，有7个孩子，15个孙子和28个曾孙。A. normal正常的；B. cute可爱的；C. large大；D. rich富有的。根据下文“with seven children, 15 grandchildren and 28 great-grandchildren”可知，珍妮和丈夫的家庭成员很多，他们有一个大家庭。故选C项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管她有很多事情要忙，但在70多岁退休后，她还是抽出时间开始了一项有趣的爱好。A. wealthy富有的；B. kind善良的；C. warm温暖的；D. busy忙碌的。根据上文“Jeanie and her husband have a  ___9___  family, with seven children, 15 grandchildren and 28 great-grandchildren”可知，珍妮有一个大家庭，所以此处表示她很忙碌。故选D项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管她有很多事情要忙，但在70多岁退休后，她还是抽出时间开始了一项有趣的爱好。A. retired退休；B. married结婚；C. moved移动；D. died死。根据上文“Retirement hasn’t slowed down 90-year-old great-grandmother Jeanie Shaffer.”可知，此处表示珍妮退休之后。故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了纪念珍妮多年的辛勤工作和无私的志愿服务，工作人员决定收集她的作品照片来填满一本相册。A. collect收集；B. copy复制；C. deliver递送；D. took拿。根据下文“pictures of her creations to fill an album (相册).”可知，此处表示填满一本相册，所以要收集她的照片。故选A项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：医院在社交媒体上特别请求所有新妈妈提交一张新生儿戴着收到的帽子的照片，这得到了积极回应。A. suggestion建议；B. survey调查；C. request请求；D. search搜索。根据下文“on social media to all the new moms to submit a picture of their newborn wearing the hat they had received,”可知，此处表示医院在社交媒体上发布特别的请求。故选C项。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：医院在社交媒体上特别请求所有新妈妈提交一张新生儿戴着收到的帽子的照片，这得到了积极回应。A. positively积极地；B. gradually逐渐；C. ultimately最终；D. apparently显然地。根据下文“Thousands of grateful new moms soon shared  ___15___  photos of their newborns wearing their special hats.”可知，数千新妈妈分享了照片，所以此处表示医院的特别请求得到了积极回应。故选A项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：数千心怀感激的新妈妈们很快分享了他们新生儿戴着特别的帽子的可爱照片。A. reliable可信赖的；B. available可获得的；C. respectable值得尊敬的；D. adorable可爱的。根据下文“photos of their newborns wearing their special hats.”以及常识可知，新生儿戴着帽子的照片会是非常可爱的。故选D项。 Passage 4 Edward J. Dwight Jr. has waited a long time for his ride into space. In the 1960s, he seemed ready to become America's first Black 1 . That dream was never realized. Now, at age 90, he's about to finally get his 2 aboard a Blue Origin rocket. “They called me up and asked me if I was 3 . And of course I said yes,” Dwight says. While Dwight won't be the first African American in space— that 4 went to Guion Bluford Jr. in 1983— he will be the oldest person to go there, 5 Star Trek actor William Shatner, who flew aboard a Blue Origin rocket in 2021. For many his age, a journey into space would seem 6 . Dwight says he's ready to go. He points out that the difficulties of his upcoming 7 won't be much different from what he 8 as a test pilot in the Air Force. “I’ ve pulled more G’s than any person on Earth,” he 9 it with a bitter smile. Space health expert Dorit Donoviel says the 11-minute flight means many of the 10 about the long-term effects of deep-space missions won't come into play. “The main thing we worry about is the G forces,” says Donoviel. 11 , she points out that the seats are 12 at 20 or 30 degrees. “As you’ re-experiencing the G-forces, you' re getting it through the 13 , which is not affecting your head,” Donoviel says. “It's distributed through the chest, which really shouldn't 14 very much.” And then there's the landing. “It's not even a controlled crash. It's a crash,” Donoviel says. Still, she 15   no issues. 1．A．student B．astronaut C．customer D．expert 2．A．name B．shot C．money D．job 3．A．convinced B．excited C．interested D．confused 4．A．honor B．wonder C．account D．prize 5．A．paying back B．edging out C．running after D．laughing at 6．A．unthinkable B．possible C．essential D．invaluable 7．A．risk B．test C．flight D．training 8．A．imagined B．researched C．experienced D．dreamed 9．A．realizes B．puts C．doubts D．shows 10．A．benefits B．solutions C．regulations D．concerns 11．A．Eventually B．Consequently C．Somehow D．However 12．A．reserved B．produced C．angled D．exchanged 13．A．seat B．chest C．door D．foot 14．A．work B．matter C．speed D．fail 15．A．promises B．encounters C．remembers D．discusses 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道90岁高龄的Edward J. Dwight Jr.乘坐火箭进入太空，实现了多年的梦想。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在20世纪60年代，他似乎已经准备好成为美国第一位黑人宇航员。A. student学生；B. astronaut宇航员；C. customer客户；D. expert专家。根据上文“Edward J. Dwight Jr. has waited a long time for his ride into space.”可知Edward J. Dwight Jr.为他的太空之旅等待了很久，所以应该是想成为宇航员，故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，90岁高龄的他终于要登上蓝色起源火箭了。A. name名字；B. shot发射；C. money金钱；D. job工作。根据下文“aboard a Blue Origin rocket”可知他终于要乘火箭被发射到太空了，故选B。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他们给我打电话，问我是否感兴趣。我当然答应了，” Dwight说。A. convinced坚信的；B. excited激动的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. confused困惑的。根据下文“While Dwight won't be the first African American in space— that ___4___ went to Guion Bluford Jr. in 1983— he will be the oldest person to go there”可知他们打电话是问Dwight是否对登上太空感兴趣，故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然Dwight不会是第一个进入太空的非裔美国人——1983年，这一荣誉被授予了小吉安·布鲁福德(Guion Bluford Jr.)——但他将成为进入太空的最年长的人，超越了《星际迷航》(Star Trek)演员威廉·沙特纳(William Shatner)，后者于2021年乘坐蓝色起源(Blue Origin)火箭进入太空。A. honor荣誉；B. wonder奇迹；C. account账号；D. prize奖品。根据上文“While Dwight won't be the first African American in space”可知是第一个进入太空的非裔美国人这项荣誉，故选A。 5．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：同上。A. paying back偿还；B. edging out险胜，勉强击败；C. running after追求；D. laughing at嘲笑。根据上文“he will be the oldest person to go there”可知他是进入太空的最年长的人，所以是超越，故选B。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于他这个年纪的许多人来说，太空之旅似乎是不可想象的。A. unthinkable无法想象的；B. possible可能的；C. essential基本的；D. invaluable无价的。根据前文“Now, at age 90, he's about to finally get his ___2___ aboard a Blue Origin rocket.”可知Dwight已经90岁，所以对于这么大年龄的人能去太空应该是无法想象的，故选A。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他指出，他即将到来的飞行的困难与他在空军担任试飞员时所经历的困难没有太大的不同。A. risk冒险；B. test测试；C. flight飞行；D. training训练。根据上文“For many his age, a journey into space would seem ___6___.”可知描述的是Dwight去太空的飞行，故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. imagined想象；B. researched研究；C. experienced经历；D. dreamed梦想。根据下文“as a test pilot in the Air Force”可知是担任试飞员要经历的困难，故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我比地球上任何一个人经历了更多的重力，”他苦笑着说。A. realizes意识到；B. puts表述，表达；C. doubts怀疑；D. shows展示。根据上文““I’ ve pulled more G’s than any person on Earth,””可知这是他表达的看法，故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：太空健康专家多诺维尔说，11分钟的飞行意味着许多关于深空任务长期影响的担忧将不会发挥作用。A. benefits益处；B. solutions解决办法；C. regulations规定；D. concerns担忧。根据下文““The main thing we worry about is the G forces,” says Donoviel.”可知是“worry about”的同义复现，是担忧，故选D。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她指出，座位的角度是20或30度。A. Eventually最终；B. Consequently因此；C. Somehow不知怎地；D. However然而。根据上文““The main thing we worry about is the G forces,” says Donoviel.”和下文“she points out that the seats are ___12___ at 20 or 30 degrees. “As you’ re-experiencing the G- forces, you' re getting it through the ___13___, which is not affecting your head,” Donoviel says.”可知前后是转折关系，故选D。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. reserved保留；B. produced产生；C. angled斜移；D. exchanged交换。根据下文“at 20 or 30 degrees”可知座位的角度倾斜20或30度，故选C。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当你感受到重力时，它会穿过胸部，而不会影响到你的头部，” Donoviel说。“它分布在胸部，这真的不应该太重要。”A. seat座位；B. chest胸部；C. door门；D. foot脚。根据下文“It's distributed through the chest”可知是chest的同词复现，故选B。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. work起作用；B. matter要紧；C. speed加速；D. fail失败。根据上文““As you’ re-experiencing the G- forces, you' re getting it through the ___13___, which is not affecting your head,” Donoviel says.”可知重力穿过胸部，不会影响到头部，所以不那么要紧，故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过，她承诺不会有任何问题。A. promises承诺；B. encounters遭遇；C. remembers记住；D. discusses讨论。根据下文“no issues”可知是她保证不会有问题，是承诺，故选A。 拔高篇 Passage 1 In many ways, Mars is like Earth’s twin. But in many more ways, Mars is nothing like Earth. Mars was once a 1 world. But what happened to Mars? And most 2 , did life once exist on this Red Planet? On August 5, 2012, NASA’s Curiosity rover (探测器) landed on Mars. Its mission: to 3 whether Mars was once a place where living things could 4 . The rover started its 5 in a place called Gale Crater. It’s a huge crater (坑), stretching 154 kilometers wide. In the center is a mountain called Mount Sharp. NASA let the rover 6 there because Gale Crater used to hold a 7 filled with water. After the rover got there, it 8 some rocks in Gale Crater with onboard instruments. And it found minerals that had water 9 up in it. With the 10 the rover collected, the science and engineering teams on Earth were able to 11 that Gale Crater was once a lake. One of the 12 the rover brought to Mars was a laser (激光器). It was used to study the composition of rocks and found molecules (分子) which contain oxygen. The rover’s 13 in Mars’rocks tells scientists that at some 14 in Mars’past, there was a lot of oxygen in the atmosphere, which is a 15 for most life. Do you know what most living things need? Water and oxygen! Where there was water and oxygen, there might have been life. 1．A．watery B．dusty C．sandy D．grassy 2．A．quickly B．certainly C．dangerously D．mysteriously 3．A．get over B．make up C．look for D．figure out 4．A．grow B．survive C．move D．gather 5．A．journey B．goal C．performance D．struggle 6．A．hang B．work C．land D．pull 7．A．street B．plate C．pool D．lake 8．A．broke B．analyzed C．obtained D．adjusted 9．A．waken B．lifted C．lit D．locked 10．A．data B．tips C．tricks D．tests 11．A．admit B．invent C．confirm D．accept 12．A．tools B．projects C．orders D．facts 13．A．success B．attempt C．discovery D．position 14．A．length B．level C．height D．point 15．A．sign B．rule C．will D．must 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了美国航天局的“好奇号”火星探测器在火星上的任务及发现。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：火星曾经是一个水的世界。A. watery水的，含水的；B. dusty布满灰尘的；C. sandy含沙的；D. grassy长满草的。根据下文“Gale Crater used to hold a ____7____ filled with water”提到火星上的Gale Crater有很多水可知，火星曾经是一个水的世界，故选A。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最神秘的是，这颗红色星球上曾经存在生命吗？A. quickly快速地；B. certainly当然；C. dangerously危险地；D. mysteriously神秘地。结合下文“did life once exist on this Red Planet?”以及下文“Its mission: to ____3____ whether Mars was once a place where living things could ____4____.”提到任务是探测火星上是否有生命可知，此处指最神秘的是，这颗红色星球上曾经存在生命吗？故选D。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它的任务是：弄清楚火星是否曾经是生物可以生存的地方。A. get over克服；B. make up构成；C. look for寻找；D. figure out弄清楚。下文“whether Mars was once a place”表示疑问，故此处指任务是弄清楚火星是否曾经有生命，故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. grow长大，成长；B. survive生存；C. move移动；D. gather聚集。结合上文“did life once exist on this Red Planet?”可知，此处指火星是否曾经是生物可以生存的地方，故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：探测器从Gale Crater开始了它的旅程。A. journey旅程；B. goal目标；C. performance表演；D. struggle挣扎。上文“NASA’s Curiosity rover (探测器) landed on Mars”提到，好奇号探测器降落在火星上，此处指它从Gale Crater开始了它的旅程，故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国宇航局让探测器在那里着陆是因为Gale Crater曾经有一个充满水的湖泊。A. hang悬挂；B. work工作；C. land降落，着陆；D. pull拉。根据上文“NASA’s Curiosity rover (探测器) landed on Mars”以及“The rover started its ____5____ in a place called Gale Crater.”可知，探测器在火星上的Gale Crater着陆，故选C。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. street街道；B. plate盘子；C. pool水池；D. lake湖泊。根据空后“filled with water”以及本段末句中“Gale Crater was once a lake”可知，Gale Crater曾经有一个充满水的湖泊，故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：探测器到达那里后，用机载仪器分析了Gale Crater的一些岩石。A. broke打破；B. analyzed分析；C. obtained获得；D. adjusted调整。根据“some rocks in Gale Crater with onboard instruments”以及下文“And it found minerals…”可知，此处指用机载仪器分析了Gale Crater的一些岩石，并有所发现，故选B。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它发现了含有水分的矿物质。A. waken醒来；B. lifted举起；C. lit点燃；D. locked锁，使固定。关系代词that指代minerals，指里面锁有水分的矿物质，故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据探测器收集的数据，地球上的科学和工程团队能够确认Gale Crater曾经是一个湖泊。A. data数据；B. tips建议；C. tricks技巧；D. tests测试。根据上文提到分析岩石以及空后“the rover collected”可知，此处指探测器收集的数据，故选A。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. admit承认；B. invent发明；C. confirm确认；D. accept接受。根据“Gale Crater was once a lake.”可知，此处指根据数据能够确认Gale Crater曾经是一个湖泊，故选C。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：火星车带到火星的工具之一是激光。A. tools工具；B. projects项目，工程；C. orders订单，命令；D. facts事实。根据“a laser (激光器)”可知，此处指工具，故选A。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：探测器在火星岩石中的发现告诉科学家，在火星过去的某个时刻，大气中有大量的氧气，这是大多数生命所必需的。A. success成功；B. attempt尝试；C. discovery发现；D. position位置。根据上文“And it found minerals that had water ____9____ up in it.”以及空后“tells scientists”可知，此处指探测器在火星岩石中的发现告诉科学家火星上曾经有氧气，故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. length长度；B. level水平；C. height高度；D. point点，时刻。根据空后“in Mars’past”可知，此处指在火星过去的某些时候，at some point“在某些时候”，故选D。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. sign标志；B. rule规则；C. will意愿；D. must必要条件，必须要做的事。which指代先行词oxygen，结合空后“for most life”和常识可知，氧气是大多数生命所必需的，故选D。 Passage 2 Most people will remember the excitement of receiving their first letter from a pen pal. The 1 of receiving those letters is beyond description. Chen Man-lin, a 15-year-old Hong Kong student, was very happy. Her pen pal was orbiting in the Tiangong Space Station when he wrote inspiring words to her. When Chen 2 the national letter-writing activity named “Sending My Dream to Tiangong” to write to the 3 on Tiangong, she wrote a letter the same evening. In her letter, she detailed every moment of her own planned 4 toward contributing (贡献) to national aerospace (航天航空) development, and what she knew about astronauts and the national aerospace development program. Chen’s 5 to write the letter was more than just an impulse (冲动). Her 6 in space had begun at the age of six 7 she watched the live broadcast from orbit (轨道) of a science lecture. She poured that passion for space into her letter, as well as some of her problems over her studies in life. The three-page reply from Shenzhou XIV astronaut Chen Dong, 8 about a month later. As one of the 30,000 students from all over the country to take part in the activity, Chen was 9 chosen to receive a reply, the only one in Hong Kong. To encourage the students, Chen Dong recalled 10 he became an astronaut step by step. He also shared his tips for overcoming the difficulties when studying physics and other 11 necessary to achieve his goals. He hoped that young Hong Kong people could follow 12 dreams and make contributions to the country. The arrival of a letter from space was also a 13 gift to mark the 25th anniversary of Hong Kong’s return to the motherland. “I’ll do as he 14 in the letter; study harder and 15 to stay healthy. I look forward to contributing to national aerospace development in the future,” said Chen. 1．A．report B．beauty C．message D．kindness 2．A．thought about B．cared about C．talked about D．learned about 3．A．astronauts B．writers C．parents D．teachers 4．A．vacation B．journey C．race D．interview 5．A．purpose B．chance C．decision D．notice 6．A．habit B．style C．story D．interest 7．A．when B．as long as C．as soon as D．as far as 8．A．posted B．left C．arrived D．brought 9．A．suddenly B．luckily C．widely D．truly 10．A．when B．where C．why D．how 11．A．abilities B．skills C．subjects D．hobbies 12．A．his B．their C．our D．your 13．A．proper B．possible C．fair D．useful 14．A．ordered B．promised C．prepared D．advised 15．A．find out B．come out C．work out D．look out 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了香港学生陈曼林参加“带着我的梦想上天宫”的全国性活动，幸运地得到了宇航员陈冬的回信的故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：收到这些信的美妙之处无法形容。A. report报道；B. beauty美妙；C. message信息；D. kindness善良。根据上文“Most people will remember the excitement of receiving their first letter from a pen pal.”可知，此处指收到信的美妙之处，故选B。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当陈了解到“把我的梦想送到天宫”给天宫上的宇航员写信的全国性写信活动时，她当晚就写了一封信。A. thought about考虑；B. cared about关心；C. talked about谈论；D. learned about了解。根据下文“she wrote a letter the same evening”可知，她了解到这个活动后当晚就写了一封信，故选D。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. astronauts宇航员；B. writers作家；C. parents父母；D. teachers老师。根据“Sending My Dream to Tiangong”以及下文“and what she knew about astronauts”可知，该活动是给宇航员写信，故选A。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的信中，她详细介绍了自己为国家航空航天发展做出贡献的计划旅程的每一刻，以及她对宇航员和国家航空航天发展计划的了解。A. vacation假期；B. journey旅程；C. race比赛；D. interview采访。根据“toward contributing (贡献) to national aerospace (航天航空) development”可知，此处指为国家航空航天发展做出贡献的计划旅程，故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：陈写这封信的决定不仅仅是一时冲动。A. purpose目的；B. chance机会；C. decision决定；D. notice通知。根据上文“she wrote a letter the same evening”可知，她给宇航员写了一封信，此处指写信这个决定，故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对太空的兴趣始于六岁，当时她在轨道上观看了一场科学讲座的直播。A. habit习惯；B. style风格；C. story故事；D. interest兴趣。根据下文“passion for space”可知，陈对太空感兴趣，故选D。 7．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. when当……时；B. as long as只要；C. as soon as一……就……；D. as far as就……而言。空处引导定语从句，先行词是“at the age of six”，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导，故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个月后，神舟十四号宇航员陈冬发来了三页的回复。A. posted发布；B. left离开；C. arrived到达；D. brought带来。根据下文“Chen was ____9____ chosen to receive a reply”可知，Chen被宇航员选中回信，故此处指回信到达，下文“The arrival of a letter from space”中arrival也是提示，故选C。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为来自全国各地参加活动的3万名学生之一，陈很幸运地收到了回复，这是香港唯一的回复。A. suddenly突然；B. luckily幸运地；C. widely广泛地；D. truly真正地。根据上文“As one of the 30, 000 students from all over the country to take part in the activity”可知，全国有30000名学生参加活动，故被选中回信是非常幸运的，故选B。 10．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：为了鼓励同学们，陈冬回忆了自己一步一步成为宇航员的。A. when当……时；B. where哪里；C. why为什么；D. how如何。空处引导宾语从句，从句结构完整，结合“step by step”可知，此处指“如何一步步成为宇航员”，使用how引导，故选D。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还分享了他在学习物理和其他必要科目时克服困难的技巧，以实现他的目标。A. abilities能力；B. skills技巧；C. subjects科目；D. hobbies爱好。根据“physics”可知，此处指物理和其他科目，故选C。 12．考查代词词义辨析。句意：他希望香港的年轻人能够追随自己的梦想，为国家做出贡献。A. his他的；B. their他们的；C. our我们的；D. your你（们）的。根据“young Hong Kong people”可知，他希望香港的年轻人能够追随他们的梦想，故选B。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这封来自太空的信件，也是纪念香港回归祖国25周年的合适礼物。A. proper适当的；B. possible可能的；C. fair公平的；D. useful有用的。结合句意及“to mark the 25th anniversary of Hong Kong’s return to the motherland”可知，这封来自太空的信是纪念香港回归祖国25周年一个合适的礼物，故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我将按照他在信中所建议的去做；努力学习，锻炼身体，保持健康。A. ordered命令；B. promised承诺；C. prepared准备；D. advised建议。根据上文“He also shared his tips for overcoming the difficulties”可知，陈冬在回信中给出了一些建议，故选D。 15．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. find out查明；B. come out出现；C. work out锻炼；D. look out当心。根据“to stay healthy”可知，此处指锻炼以保持健康，故选C。 Passage 3 I’m not allowed to touch the moon rocks. This is the lab where the Johnson Space Center 1 the original samples that the Apollo astronauts 2 to the earth decades ago. As I stare at the rocks through glass, Charis, my tour guide, says in a 3 voice: No touching the moon rocks. Before 4 this clean room, I remove all my jewelry. My guide and I cover our shoes with blue-paper booties and step into full-body jumpsuits. We then 5 gloves and a hair cover. Finally, we spend a full minute standing in an air shower, under a steady light wind 6 from ceiling to floor to 7 us of any fine dust. Inside the clean room, the rocks are kept in 8 , pressurized containers. Only five sample processors in the world get to routinely handle these 9 stones. They preserve and prepare the samples for studies. To pick up an Apollo rock, they must use special tools, following pretty strict 10 about touching samples. All the 11 is to protect the 382 kilograms of rocks lifted from the moon. “One big 12 belief is that the Apollo samples aren’t being studied any more and that they only tell us about the moon,” says Charis. “Neither of those is true.” Keeping priceless samples away from curious 13 allowed scientists to make one of the most surprising lunar 14 of the last 50 years: The moon is wet. Those samples are still offering fresh details about how the 15 — and the entire solar system — formed and developed. 1．A．accumulates B．stores C．tests D．analyzes 2．A．brought B．sent C．donated D．introduced 3．A．thoughtful B．sensitive C．eager D．firm 4．A．leaving B．inspecting C．entering D．observing 5．A．reach for B．deal with C．put on D．inquire about 6．A．blowing B．shooting C．sweeping D．rising 7．A．warn B．assure C．remind D．clear 8．A．useful B．secure C．empty D．new 9．A．precious B．strange C．clean D．previous 10．A．schedules B．laws C．rules D．orders 11．A．effort B．sacrifice C．arrangement D．reform 12．A．uncommon B．contradictory C．impractical D．mistaken 13．A．minds B．looks C．fingers D．questions 14．A．attempts B．fortune C．reservation D．discoveries 15．A．sun B．moon C．earth D．universe 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了阿波罗任务带回地球的月球岩石的保存和研究过程。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是休斯顿太空中心储存阿波罗宇航员几十年前带回地球的原始样品的实验室。A. accumulates积累；B. stores储存；C. tests测试；D. analyzes分析。根据后文“the original samples”可知，此处指储存月球岩石样品。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. brought带来；B. sent发送；C. donated捐献；D. introduced介绍。根据后文“to the earth decades ago”和背景常识，可知阿波罗宇航员将月球岩石带回地球。故选A。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我透过玻璃凝视着岩石时，我的导游查理斯用坚定的声音说：不要触摸月球岩石。A. thoughtful体贴的; B. sensitive敏感的; C. eager渴望的; D. firm坚定的。根据句意及后文“No touching the moon rocks”可知，这里表达我的导游查理斯用坚定的声音说。故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：进入这个洁净室之前，我要摘掉所有的首饰。A. leaving离开；B. inspecting检查；C. entering进入；D. observing观察。根据后文“I remove all my jewelry. My guide and I cover our shoes with blue-paper booties and step into full-body jumpsuits. ”可知，此处指进入洁净室之前的步骤。故选C。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和我的导游给鞋子套上蓝色纸制套靴，穿上全身工作服。A. reach for伸手去够；B. deal with处理；C. put on穿上；D. inquire about询问。根据后文“gloves and a hair cover”可知，此处指穿上相应的防护装备。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我们花整整一分钟站在风淋室中，从天花板到地板吹过淡淡的风，以清理我们身上的细小灰尘。A. blowing吹；B. shooting发射；C. sweeping扫；D. rising上升。根据前文“under a steady light wind”可知，这里指风在吹。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我们花整整一分钟站在风淋室中，从天花板到地板吹过淡淡的风，以清理我们身上的细小灰尘。A. warn警告；B. assure确保；C. remind提醒；D. clear清除。根据后文“any fine dust”可知，这套设备的目的是清除灰尘。故选D。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在洁净室内，岩石保存在安全加压的容器中。A. useful有用的；B. secure安全的；C. empty空的；D. new新的。根据后文“pressurized containers”以及安全和保存要求，容器需要是安全的。故选B。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有世界上五位样品处理者可以常规处理这些珍贵的石头。A. precious珍贵的；B. strange奇怪的；C. clean干净的；D. previous之前的。根据后文“They preserve and prepare the samples for studies”结合这些阿波罗任务带回地球的月球岩石的稀有性可知，岩石被称为“珍贵的”。故选A。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们必须使用特殊工具来拿取阿波罗岩石，并遵循非常严格的规则触碰样品。A. schedules日程；B. laws法律；C. rules规则；D. orders命令。根据前文“they must use special tools”结合句意分析操作要求，需遵循特定规则。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有的努力都是为了保护从月球带回的382公斤岩石。A. effort努力；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. arrangement安排；D. reform改革。根据前文“ They preserve and prepare the samples for studies. To pick up an Apollo rock, they must use special tools, following pretty strict 10 about touching samples. ”可知描述了保护岩石的辛勤工作，因此是“努力”。故选A。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个大错是认为阿波罗样本不再被研究，只能告诉我们有关月球的事情。A. uncommon不常见的；B. contradictory矛盾的；C. impractical不切实际的；D. mistaken错误的。根据后文“the Apollo samples aren’t being studied any more and that they only tell us about the moon,” says Charis. “Neither of those is true.”可知，这种想法是错误的。故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：将无价样品远离好奇的手指让科学家做出过去50年最惊人的月球发现之一：月球是湿的。A. minds思想；B. looks外观；C. fingers手指；D. questions问题。根据前文“Keeping priceless samples away from”推断，此处指避免好奇的人触碰样品。故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. attempts尝试；B. fortune财富；C. reservation保留；D. discoveries发现。根据后文“ The moon is wet”可知，这句话是该样品帮助实现的新发现。故选D。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些样品仍在提供有关月球——以及整个太阳系——形成与发展的新细节。A. sun太阳；B. moon月球；C. earth地球；D. universe宇宙。根据前文的“The moon is wet”和后文“the entire solar system”以及全文都在描述月球岩石的保存和研究过程，所以此处应指“月球”。故选B。 Passage 4 China’s space exploration has once again achieved a great success. The launch of the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft was a memorable moment for all Chinese, marking the beginning of a new 1 in China’s space journey. The Long March-2F rocket was the perfect 2 for this important mission with its impressive appearance and stable technology, and the astronauts underwent 3 training. At zero seconds, with everyone’s hearts 4 , the rocket soared into the sky, leaving a trail of fire and smoke. Back on Earth, people watched the launch on TV and 5 the astronauts’ progress through live broadcast. The successful launch and operation of the spacecraft 6 China’s ability to compete with the world’s leading space agencies. During the mission, the astronauts will have 7 tasks to accomplish. They will 8 scientific experiments and prepare for future missions. They will also take time to enjoy the beautiful 9 of Earth from space. The Shenzhou-19 spacecraft is supposed to 10 its mission after six months in space. The success of the mission will inspire many young people to pursue their dreams of becoming astronauts. Since 2003, with each new mission, China has shown its ability to 11 and push the boundaries of human knowledge. And with its strong scientific and technological 12 , China is sure to make greater achievements in the future. The Shenzhou-19 mission is a constant 13 of China’s growing influence in space exploration. It marks a new era in China’s space exploration and 14 the world’s attention to the country’s development. As China continues to progress, we can only imagine what the future holds for this 15 nation. 1．A．framework B．chapter C．mode D．platform 2．A．option B．combination C．location D．definition 3．A．dramatic B．appealing C．flexible D．demanding 4．A．beating B．sinking C．racing D．melting 5．A．followed B．documented C．monitored D．noticed 6．A．facilitated B．identified C．clarified D．demonstrated 7．A．multiple B．urgent C．physical D．risky 8．A．draw on B．carry out C．bring up D．deal with 9．A．images B．fields C．sights D．figures 10．A．summarize B．occupy C．interrupt D．complete 11．A．wonder B．innovate C．sustain D．apply 12．A．expansion B．background C．introduction D．competence 13．A．reminder B．warning C．operation D．factor 14．A．refer B．limits C．absorbs D．connects 15．A．humble B．powerful C．reliable D．generous 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国神舟19号飞船成功发射及其影响，这标志着中国太空旅程新篇章的开始。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：神舟19号飞船的发射对所有中国人来说都是一个难忘的时刻，标志着中国太空旅程新篇章的开始。A. framework框架；B. chapter篇章；C. mode模式；D. platform平台。结合语境以及最后一段中“It marks a new era in China’s space exploration(这标志着中国太空探索进入了一个新时代)”可知，神舟19号飞船的发射标志着中国太空旅程新篇章的开始，故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：长征二号F火箭以其令人印象深刻的外观和稳定的技术成为这项重要任务的完美选择，宇航员们接受了严格的训练。A. option选择；B. combination结合；C. location位置；D. definition定义。结合“with its impressive appearance and stable technology”可知，长征二号F火箭拥有令人印象深刻的外观和稳定的技术，故被这次任务选中作为运载火箭，故选A。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. dramatic戏剧性的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. flexible灵活的；D. demanding要求极严的。空处修饰名词“training”，宇航员们应是接受严格的训练，故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在零秒的时候，随着每个人的心跳加速，火箭飞向天空，留下了一条火和烟的痕迹。A. beating打败；B. sinking沉没；C. racing加速；D. melting融化。根据“the rocket soared into the sky, leaving a trail of fire and smoke”可知，火箭发射时刻，大家应是因紧张、激动等心跳加速，故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到地球后，人们在电视上观看发射，并通过直播跟踪航天员的进展。A. followed跟随，关注，密切注视；B. documented记录；C. monitored监视；D. noticed注意到。根据“the astronauts’ progress”可知，此处指火箭发射后通过跟踪了解航天员们的进展，故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：航天器的成功发射和运行证明了中国与世界领先航天机构竞争的能力。A. facilitated促进；B. identified识别，确认；C. clarified澄清；D. demonstrated证明。结合主语“The successful launch and operation of the spacecraft”和宾语“China’s ability”可知，这次成功证明了中国的能力，故选D。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在执行任务期间，宇航员将有多项任务要完成。A. multiple多种多样的；B. urgent紧急的；C. physical身体的，物质的；D. risky有风险的。根据“They will ___8___ scientific experiments and prepare for future missions.”可知，宇航员将有多项任务要完成，故选A。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们将进行科学实验，为未来的任务做准备。A. draw on利用，凭借；B. carry out履行，实施；C. bring up养育；D. deal with处理。根据空后“scientific experiments”可知，此处指做实验，carry out experiments“做实验”，故选B。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还将花时间从太空欣赏地球的美景。A. images图片；B. fields领域；C. sights风景；D. figures数字，人物。结合“enjoy”以及“of Earth from space”可知，此处指从太空欣赏地球的风景，故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：神舟19号飞船预计将在太空中飞行6个月后完成任务。A. summarize总结；B. occupy占据；C. interrupt打断；D. complete完成。根据“after six months in space”可知，此处指6个月后完成任务，故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2003年以来，通过每一次新的任务，中国都展示了其创新能力和推动人类知识边界的能力。A. wonder想知道；B. innovate创新，改革；C. sustain维持；D. apply申请，运用。根据“push the boundaries of human knowledge”可知，此处指创新能力，故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭借强大的科技实力，中国在未来一定会取得更大的成就。A. expansion扩大；B. background背景；C. introduction介绍；D. competence能力。根据“China is sure to make greater achievements in the future”可知，中国在未来一定会取得更大的成就，推知中国应是具备强大的科技实力，故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：神舟19号任务不断提醒人们中国在太空探索领域日益增长的影响力。A. reminder提醒；B. warning警告；C. operation操作，手术；D. factor因素。根据“of China’s growing influence in space exploration”可知，神舟19号任务不断提醒人们，中国在太空探索领域日益增长的影响力，故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它标志着中国太空探索进入了一个新时代，吸引了世界对中国发展的关注。A. refer提到，查阅；B. limits限制；C. absorbs吸引；D. connects连接。结合“the world’s attention to the country’s development”可知，此处指中国的发展吸引了世界的关注，故选C。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着中国的不断进步，我们可以想象这个强大国家的未来。A. humble谦逊的；B. powerful强大的；C. reliable可靠的；D. generous慷慨的。结合上文“ The Shenzhou-19 mission is a constant 13 of China’s growing influence in space exploration. It marks a new era in China’s space exploration and 14 the world’s attention to the country’s development. ”且文章多次提到中国与世界领先航天机构竞争的能力和中国的科技实力等可知，此处指这个强大的国家，故选B。 Passage 5 As an aerospace engineer, TV host, and author, Emily Calandrelli is devoted to inspiring and educating young people about the wonders of space. Now she is 1 for a major mission: a journey aboard an upcoming Blue Origin space flight. At 37 years old, Calandrelli is set to make a 2 as the first woman from West Virginia to travel to space. Growing up, she never 3 this would happen. Her family didn’t have much money, so she 4 to study engineering because she wanted a practical career with 5 stability. “While I wasn’t always the 6 kid in the room, I was usually the hardest one,” she recalled. Calandrelli 7 a bachelor’s degree in mechanical and aerospace engineering at West Virginia University before 8 her studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Her career took a creative 9 when she became the host of the show Xploration Outer Space. She has also 10 nine books, including The complete Ada Lace Adventures. One of her goals is for kids to 11 themselves working in science fields. The Blue Origin flight, which does not yet have a 12 date, will send Calandrelli and five others into space for 12 minutes. She is excited to 13 Earth from beyond its atmosphere. Fewer than 100 women have been to space, and she is 14 to become one of them. “I feel a sense of 15 and joy to be part of that,” she said. 1．A．qualifying B．applying C．preparing D．paying 2．A．history B．sacrifice C．decision D．promise 3．A．doubted B．imagined C．realized D．wondered 4．A．intended B．volunteered C．hesitated D．managed 5．A．global B．mental C．social D．financial 6．A．richest B．smartest C．oldest D．nicest 7．A．favored B．missed C．lost D．earned 8．A．repeating B．considering C．advancing D．offering 9．A．share B．turn C．chance D．lead 10．A．donated B．advertised C．read D．authored 11．A．see B．keep C．make D．catch 12．A．return B．review C．launch D．service 13．A．appreciate B．recognize C．process D．preserve 14．A．promised B．motivated C．inspired D．honored 15．A．humour B．pride C．adventure D．purpose 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Emily Calandrelli的故事，她是一位航天航空工程师，电视主持人和作家，她激发了年轻人对于太空的好奇心，现在，她即将进行蓝色起源太空飞行，成为西弗吉尼亚州首位进入太空的女性。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，她正在为一项重大任务做准备：搭乘即将到来的蓝色起源太空飞行。A. qualifying取得资格；B. applying应用，申请；C. preparing准备；D. paying支付。根据下文“for a major mission: a journey aboard an upcoming Blue Origin space flight.”可知，Calandrelli正在为这一项重大任务做准备。故选C项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：37岁的卡兰德雷利将创造历史，成为西弗吉尼亚州首位进入太空的女性。A. history历史；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. decision决定；D. promise承诺。根据下文“as the first woman from West Virginia to travel to space”可知，Calandrelli即将创造历史。故选A项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从小到大，她从没想过会发生这种事。A. doubted怀疑；B. imagined想象；C. realized意识到；D. wondered想知道。根据下文“Her family didn’t have much money”可知，她的家境贫穷，所以她从没有想象这种事情会发生在自己身上。故选B项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的家庭并不富裕，所以她打算学习工程学，因为她想要一份经济稳定的实用职业。A. intended打算；B. volunteered志愿；C. hesitated犹豫；D. managed设法做。根据上文“Her family didn’t have much money”可知，她的家庭不太富裕，所以她打算学习工程学，因为能找到更好的工作。故选A项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的家庭并不富裕，所以她打算学习工程学，因为她想要一份经济稳定的实用职业。A. global全球的；B. mental精神的；C. social社交的；D. financial财政的。根据前文讲到她的家境贫穷可知，她找工作要考虑经济稳定性。故选D项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“虽然我并不总是房间里最聪明的孩子，但我通常是最努力的一个，”她回忆说。A. richest最富有的；B. smartest最聪明的；C. oldest最年长的；D. nicest最好的。根据下文“I was usually the hardest one”可知，此处表示Calandrelli说自己并不是最聪明的。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在进入麻省理工学院深造之前，她在西弗吉尼亚大学获得了机械和航空航天工程学士学位。A. favored喜爱；B. missed想念；C. lost丢失；D. earned获得，赚的。根据下文“a bachelor’s degree in mechanical and aerospace engineering at West Virginia University”可知，此处描述她获得的学位。故选D项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在进入麻省理工学院深造之前，她在西弗吉尼亚大学获得了机械和航空航天工程学士学位。A. repeating重复；B. considering考虑到；C. advancing发展，进步；D. offering主动提供。根据下文“her studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology”可知，获得学位之后，她又再次进入麻省理工深造。故选C项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她成为节目《探索外太空》的主持人时，她的职业生涯发生了创造性的转变。A. share一份；B. turn轮次，转变；C. chance机会；D. lead领先地位。根据下文“when she became the host of the show Xploration Outer Space.”可知，此处描述她的职业，这份职业应该是她生涯的创造性的转变。故选B项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还写了九本书。A. donated捐赠；B. advertised做广告；C. read阅读；D. authored写作。根据文章开头“and author”可知，她还是一位作家，此处表示她写了九本书。故选D项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的目标之一是让孩子们看到自己在科学领域工作。A. see看见；B. keep保持；C. make制作；D. catch抓。根据上文“One of her goals is for kids to”及下文“themselves working in science fields.”可知，Calandrelli的目标之一是让孩子们看到自己在科学领域工作。故选A项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：蓝色起源的这次飞行还没有确定发射日期，它将把卡兰德雷利和其他五人送入太空12分钟。A. return返回；B. review回顾；C. launch发射；D. service服务。根据第一段“Now she is ____1____ for a major mission: a journey aboard an upcoming Blue Origin space flight”可知，蓝色起源的飞行即将到来，但是还没有确切的发射日期。故选C项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很高兴能从大气层外欣赏地球。A. appreciate欣赏，感激；B. recognize识别，认可；C. process处理；D. preserve保护。根据下文“Earth from beyond its atmosphere.”可知，她将要飞上太空，从大气层外欣赏地球。故选A项。 14．考查动词、形容词词义辨析。句意：只有不到100名女性去过太空，她很荣幸能成为其中一员。A. promised承诺；B. motivated激励；C. inspired鼓舞，启发；D. honored尊重，荣幸的。根据上文“Fewer than 100 women have been to space”可知，去过太空的女性很少，她十分荣幸能成为其中之一。故选D项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“能成为其中的一员，我感到骄傲和快乐，”她说。A. humour幽默；B. pride骄傲；C. adventure冒险；D. purpose目的。 根据上文“Fewer than 100 women have been to space, and she is ____14____ to become one of them.”可知，她能成为为数不多的飞入太空的女性，感到骄傲和快乐。故选B项。 Passage 6 Although Elizabeth Norman is 8, she is not usual in some way. This Leicester, UK child is 1 with space, especially anything 2 to the Moon, so NASA is taking one of her favorite objects to the Moon. Elizabeth became very interested in space after watching the news report of NASA’s Perseverance Rover being sent to Mars. After that, she devoted (致力) herself to 3 about space and carried out a few science experiments. Elizabeth also set up her “Astro Liz” 4 channel in which she 5 educational videos. Elizabeth also made model rockets by herself. Later her model rockets gained the 6 of the rocket makers, so they 7 her. This is the rocket that will 8 the unmanned (无人驾驶的) Peregrine Lunar Lander along with other equipment to Mars. It will also include a time capsule (时空胶囊) and 9 objects like a sticker of Astro Liz. Elizabeth’s mom said, “None of us could believe she would have the chance to make her 10 on the Moon. For her to be 11 in such a historic moment is unbelievable. But we truly believe she will go to space one day.” “My goals for the future are to walk on the Moon and to 12 the highest mountain on Mars. I also hope I can fly on the Vulcan Centaur one day by myself!” Elizabeth said. Her mother believes that Elizabeth will 13 more and more other children with 14 in space to follow in her footsteps. She said, “The sky isn’t even the 15 for Elizabeth now, and she wants to develop different hobbies for more life possibilities.” 1．A．satisfied B．fascinated C．patient D．anxious 2．A．familiar B．special C．related D．close 3．A．learning B．thinking C．hearing D．arguing 4．A．task- based B．children- targeted C．culture- related D．science- themed 5．A．shares B．downloads C．sells D．studies 6．A．comfort B．attention C．control D．trust 7．A．contacted B．reported C．encouraged D．respected 8．A．drive B．test C．carry D．fly 9．A．important B．private C．funny D．useful 10．A．trip B．experiment C．video D．mark 11．A．mentioned B．invited C．included D．interviewed 12．A．explore B．move C．save D．discover 13．A．allow B．choose C．inspire D．recommend 14．A．confidence B．interest C．misunderstanding D．experience 15．A．base B．idea C．level D．limit 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述八岁的Elizabeth Norman对太空很感兴趣，她全身心地投入到太空知识的学习中，甚至自制火箭，美国宇航局把她最喜欢的一个玩具带到了月球上。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个来自英国莱斯特的孩子对太空非常着迷，尤其是与月球有关的任何东西，所以美国宇航局把她最喜欢的东西之一带到了月球上。A. satisfied满意的；B. fascinated入迷的，极感兴趣的；C. patient耐心的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据下文“Elizabeth became very interested in space”可知，Elizabeth对太空非常着迷，故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. familiar熟悉的；B. special特殊的；C. related相关的；D. close近的。根据前面的“space”和空后“to the Moon”可知，她对太空非常着迷，尤其是和月球有关的东西，(be) related to“和……相关”，故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，她致力于学习太空，并进行了一些科学实验。A. learning学习；B. thinking思考；C. hearing听到；D. arguing争辩。根据上文“Elizabeth became very interested in space”和下文“carried out a few science experiments”可知，她对太空有了极大的兴趣后应是开始学习太空相关的知识和做实验，故选A。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Elizabeth还建立了她的“Astro Liz”科学主题频道，在其中她分享教育视频。A. task-based以任务为基础的；B. children-targeted以孩子为目标的；C. culture-related文化相关的；D. science-themed科学主题的。根据上文提到的“space and carried out a few science experiments”可知，此处指科学主题的频道，故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. shares分享；B. downloads下载；C. sells卖；D. studies研究，学习。结合“channel”以及“educational videos”可知，此处指在该频道分享有教育意义的视频，故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，她的火箭模型引起了火箭制造商的注意，于是他们联系了她。A. comfort舒服；B. attention注意力，关注；C. control控制；D. trust信任。根据上文“Elizabeth also made model rockets by herself.”和空后“the rocket makers,”可知，上文提到Elizabeth自己制作火箭模型，后文提到火箭制作者，故此处指她的火箭模型引起了火箭制作者的关注，故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. contacted联系；B. reported报道；C. encouraged鼓励；D. respected尊重。火箭模型受到关注后火箭制造者应是联系她，故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这枚火箭将携带无人驾驶的游隼月球着陆器以及其他设备前往火星。A. drive驾驶；B. test测试；C. carry携带；D. fly飞行。根据“to Mars”可知，此处指携带无人驾驶的游隼月球着陆器以及其他设备到火星上，故选C。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它还将包括一个时间胶囊和一些私人物品，比如Astro Liz的贴纸。A. important重要的；B. private私人的；C. funny有趣的；D. useful有用的。根据“like a sticker of Astro Liz”可知，贴纸是私人物品，故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Elizabeth的妈妈说：“我们都不敢相信她有机会在月球上留下自己的印记。”A. trip旅行；B. experiment实验；C. video视频；D. mark标记，记号。根据第一段中“so NASA is taking one of her favorite objects to the Moon.”可知，美国宇航局把她最喜欢的东西之一带到了月球上，故此处指她有机会在月球上留下自己的印记，故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她能参与到这样一个历史性的时刻是令人难以置信的。A. mentioned提到；B. invited邀请；C. included包含，使成为……的一部分；D. interviewed采访。根据上文“she would have the chance to make her ___10___ on the Moon”可知，她参与了这个历史性的时刻，故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我未来的目标是在月球上行走，探索火星上最高的山峰。A. explore探索；B. move移动；C. save挽救，节省；D. discover发现。根据“the highest mountain on Mars.”可知，此处指探索火星上最高的山峰，故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的母亲相信Elizabeth会激励越来越多对太空感兴趣的孩子跟随她的脚步。A. allow允许；B. choose选择；C. inspire激励；D. recommend推荐。后文“more and more other children”提到其他更多的孩子，故此处指Elizabeth会激励到其他更多的孩子，故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. confidence信心；B. interest兴趣；C. misunderstanding误解；D. experience经验。根据“follow in her footsteps”和语境可知，Elizabeth对太空感兴趣，故会激励到其他有同样兴趣的孩子追随她的脚步，故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“现在，天空甚至不是Elizabeth的极限，她想培养不同的爱好，以获得更多的生活可能性。”A. base基础；B. idea主意，想法；C. level水平；D. limit限制。根据“she wants to develop different hobbies for more life possibilities”可知，此处指天空不是她的极限，故选D。 $$ Unit 4 完形填空练习 目录 精练篇 1 Passage 1 1 基础篇 8 Passage 1 8 Passage 2 10 Passage 3 11 Passage 4 12 拔高篇 13 Passage 1 13 Passage 2 15 Passage 3 16 Passage 4 17 Passage 5 19 Passage 6 20 精练篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐⭐⭐ “It will be marvelous. It will be spiritual.” This is the 1 tagline that Virgin Galactic used in 2004 to attract potential customers to its planned space tourism services. It promised that, within five years, it would take a total of over 3,000 passengers on life-changing trips in its spaceships. On July 11, 2021, after a last 90-minute delay, Virgin Galactic finally began its fulfillment of that original 2 . For four minutes, its six temporarily weightless passengers, including the firm’s British co-founder, Sir Richard Branson, saw the planet against the blackness of outer space. Back on the ground, Sir Richard called the experience “magical”. He may have 3 the fact that he was able to reach space earlier than Jeff Bezos, a fellow billionaire but much wealthier. On July 20, Bezos would go slightly higher, for slightly less time, in a vehicle that had been built by his own spacefaring company, Blue Origin. The two tycoons (大亨) are among a growing number of 4 who believe that space tourism’s time has come. Suborbital (亚轨道的) tourism is part of a broader space economy that has rapidly grown over the past decade 5 technological advances. However, it is highly 6 that this will be true. For now, Blue Origin and Virgin Galactic will offer 7 suborbital flights to paying customers. Blue Origin is focusing much more on the development of a large new rocket that will be used for the launching of satellites, on selling advanced rocket engines to other companies, and on bidding (投标) on NASA contracts such as the recently announced plan to send humans back to the moon. 8 , Bezos doesn’t see Blue Origin as a provider of services to adventure-seekers. Even this 4-minute suborbital travels have a(n) 9 , apparently. A major survey found that nearly two in five people with a net worth of over five million dollars would consider paying $250,000, Virgin Galactic’s current price, for a ticket. The business could be 10 , once regular flights begin to offset (抵消) the rockets’ development costs. But how fast and by how much is 11 . Without tourist-friendly destinations to visit (the capacity of the International Space Station is strictly limited), orbital tourism, with its far higher ticket prices, will not be a huge earner. Another challenge — and the industry’s biggest remaining uncertainty — relates to 12 . History has shown that a disaster, 13 in the early stages of an industry, can set progress back by years. NASA 14 its plan to send the untrained to orbit in 1986 after a school teacher was killed along with the rest of the crew in the Challenger tragedy. It was another 15 years before the next untrained person would 15 the journey on a Russian craft. 1．A．modest B．demanding C．motivational D．unclear 2．A．obligation B．commitment C．requirement D．survey 3．A．felt ashamed of B．kept an eye on C．felt content with D．got upset with 4．A．optimists B．opponents C．experts D．objectors 5．A．thanks to B．but for C．apart from D．in spite of 6．A．impossible B．undoubted C．probable D．favorable 7．A．long-lasting B．inexpensive C．automatic D．brief 8．A．On the contrary B．What’s more C．In the long run D．Above all 9．A．shortcoming B．limitation C．advantage D．appeal 10．A．profitable B．uneconomic C．eco-friendly D．globalized 11．A．predictable B．essential C．irrelevant D．uncertain 12．A．development B．security C．stability D．novelty 13．A．particularly B．critically C．precisely D．unforeseeably 14．A．initiated B．drafted C．modified D．suspended 15．A．brave B．abandon C．steer D．pause 词汇积累 marvelous 释义：“极好的”“非凡的”“令人惊叹的”，形容事物具有极高的品质、独特的魅力或令人赞叹的特性，常带有强烈的正面情感色彩。 示例：The view from the mountain top was absolutely marvelous.（山顶的景色简直美极了。） motivational 释义：“激励的”“激发动力的”，指能够鼓舞人心、促使他人产生积极性或行动意愿的，常用于描述话语、事物或环境对人的影响。 示例：Her speech was full of motivational stories that inspired the audience.（她的演讲充满了激励人心的故事，鼓舞了听众。） attract ... to ... 释义：“吸引…… 到……”“使…… 对…… 产生兴趣”，表示通过某种特质、魅力或优势，使某人或某物转向特定的对象、地点或活动。 示例：The new park’s unique design attracts many families to spend weekends there.（新公园独特的设计吸引了许多家庭去那里度周末。） commitment 释义：“承诺”“投入”“奉献”，指对某一目标、责任或关系的忠诚和坚定的决心，常体现为持续的努力或牺牲。 示例：His commitment to environmental protection has inspired many people to take action.（他对环境保护的执着投入激励了许多人采取行动。） feel content with 释义：“对…… 感到满足”，强调对现状或所得持有满意、知足的心态，不奢求更多。 示例：She feels content with her simple life in the countryside.（她对乡村的简单生活感到满足。） a growing number of 释义：“越来越多的”，表示数量或规模呈现持续增长的趋势，用于描述人或事物的递增状态。 示例：A growing number of students are choosing to study abroad for better opportunities.（越来越多的学生为了更好的机会选择出国留学。） thanks to 释义：“多亏”“由于”，用于引出导致某种结果的原因，通常指正面的、促成良好结果的因素。 示例：Thanks to your help, we finished the project ahead of schedule.（多亏你的帮助，我们提前完成了项目。） offset 释义：“抵消”“弥补”，指通过某种方式平衡或减轻不良影响，使损失、差距等得到补偿。 示例：Planting more trees can help offset carbon emissions.（种植更多树木有助于抵消碳排放。） set back 释义：“推迟”“使受挫”“阻碍进展”，指某一事件或情况导致计划、进程延迟或遭受挫折。 示例：The bad weather set back the construction of the bridge by two weeks.（恶劣天气使桥梁建设推迟了两周。） brave the journey 释义：“勇敢踏上旅程”“不畏艰难地前行”，指在面对困难、风险或未知时，依然鼓起勇气开始或继续一段旅程（可指实际的旅途或抽象的历程）。 示例：They decided to brave the journey through the stormy mountains.（他们决定勇敢踏上穿越狂风暴雨的山区之旅。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 长难句分析 【1】For four minutes, its six temporarily weightless passengers, including the firm’s British co-founder, Sir Richard Branson, saw the planet against the blackness of outer space. 译文 在四分钟时间里，包括该公司英国联合创始人理查德布兰森爵士在内的六名暂时失重的乘客，从外太空的黑暗中看见了地球。 翻译要点 (1) 代词指代的明确化：“its” 指代前文提到的飞行器（如维珍银河的太空船），中文译为 “其”，简洁且符合科技语境；“the firm” 译为 “该公司”，明确指代维珍银河（需结合上下文），避免 “这家公司” 的模糊性。 (2) 头衔与身份的处理：“Sir Richard Branson” 采用 “名 + 姓 + 爵士” 的译法，“爵士” 头衔置于姓名后，符合中文对西方贵族头衔的翻译习惯；“co-founder” 译为 “联合创始人”，比 “共同创始人” 更简洁，突出合作创立的身份。 (3) 空间关系的具象化：“against the blackness” 译为 “从外太空的黑暗中”，将 “against”（对抗 / 以…… 为背景）转化为 “从…… 中” 的方位概念，更贴合中文 “在…… 背景下观察” 的表达；“saw the planet” 译为 “看见了地球”，通过 “看见” 强化视觉体验，与 “外太空的黑暗” 形成明暗对比。 (4) 专业术语的场景适配：“temporarily weightless” 译为 “暂时失重的”，准确描述亚轨道飞行中短暂的失重状态，区别于长期失重（如空间站环境）；“outer space” 译为 “外太空”，比 “外层空间” 更口语化，符合新闻报道的通俗性需求。 分析 该句是一个包含时间状语、主句及同位语的简单句，通过场景描述呈现失重状态下的太空观测体验。时间状语For four minutes”（持续四分钟）置于句首，限定动作持续时长，“For” 强调时间的延续性，暗示短暂而珍贵的体验；主句主干“its six temporarily weightless passengers saw the planet against the blackness of outer space”其中，地点状语“against the blackness of outer space”（在太空的黑暗背景下），“against” 表对比，将地球的轮廓与外太空的漆黑形成视觉反差，“of outer space” 限定 “blackness” 的范围，强化宇宙环境的广袤与深邃；“including the firm’s British co-founder, Sir Richard Branson”中“including” 引出乘客中的特殊个体，“the firm’s” 指代所属公司，“British co-founder” 强调身份的双重属性（国籍与职位），“Sir Richard Branson” 为人名，通过头衔 “Sir” 增强人物权威性，与 “passengers” 形成 “群体 — 个体” 的补充关系，暗示此次体验的标志性意义（如商业航天领袖参与）。 【2】Blue Origin is focusing much more on the development of a large new rocket that will be used for the launching of satellites, on selling advanced rocket engines to other companies, and on bidding (投标) on NASA contracts such as the recently announced plan to send humans back to the moon. 译文 蓝色起源公司正将更多精力集中于开发一种用于发射卫星的大型新型火箭、向其他公司出售先进火箭发动机，以及投标美国宇航局的合同（如最近宣布的将人类送回月球的计划）。 翻译要点 (1) 并列结构的中文适配：三个 “on” 引导的并列宾语译为 “集中于……、……，以及……”，通过顿号和 “以及” 衔接，符合汉语列举习惯；重复的 “on” 在中文中省略，避免冗余，仅保留最后一个 “以及” 强化并列逻辑。 (2) 专业术语的准确性：Blue Origin：蓝色起源（公司名，保留英文原名并通用此译法）；satellites：卫星（航天领域固定译法）；NASA contracts：美国宇航局合同（机构名全称译法）。 (3) 定语从句的简化处理：“that will be used for...” 译为 “用于…… 的”，将英文被动语态转化为中文的前置定语，符合 “名词 + 修饰语” 的语序；“launching of satellites” 译为 “发射卫星”，动名词短语转化为动宾结构，更符合中文动态表达习惯。 (4) 括号的补充说明作用：“such as...” 引导的举例部分译为 “（如……）”，通过括号补充说明 “合同” 的具体内容，避免句子冗长，同时突出 “送人类回月球计划” 的标志性。 分析 该句是一个包含主句和多重并列状语的简单句，通过 “聚焦于” 的核心结构，系统呈现蓝色起源公司的业务布局。主句主干为“Blue Origin is focusing much more on the development of a large new rocket, on selling advanced rocket engines to other companies, and on bidding on NASA contracts”其中，谓语“is focusing much more on”（更加聚焦于），“is focusing” 为现在进行时，强调当前持续的战略方向，“much more” 突出专注程度的递进；并列宾语由三个 “on + 动名词 / 名词短语” 构成，形成平行结构：第一宾语“the development of a large new rocket”（大型新型火箭的研发）“the development” 为核心名词，“of a large new rocket” 作后置定语，“large”“new” 强调火箭的规模与创新性，指向未来航天运输能力；第二宾语“selling advanced rocket engines to other companies”（向其他公司销售先进火箭发动机）“selling” 为动名词，“advanced rocket engines” 突出产品技术属性，“to other companies” 拓展业务对象，体现产业链上游的技术输出；第三宾语“bidding on NASA contracts”（投标美国宇航局合同）“bidding on”（投标）体现商业竞争行为，“NASA contracts”（美国宇航局合同）明确目标客户，括号内 “such as the recently announced plan to send humans back to the moon” 为举例说明“such as” 引出具体合同类型，“the recently announced plan”（最近宣布的计划）强调时效性，“to send humans back to the moon”（将人类送回月球）为不定式短语作定语，说明合同的科学目标，呼应美国重返月球的战略，凸显业务的高规格与战略性。 【3】A major survey found that nearly two in five people with a net worth of over five million dollars would consider paying $250,000, Virgin Galactic’s current price, for a ticket. 译文 一项主要调查发现，在净资产超过 500 万美元的人群中，近五分之二的人会考虑支付 25 万美元（维珍银河目前的票价）购买一张机票。 翻译要点 (1) 分数与数量词的转换：“two in five” 译为 “五分之二”，中文分数采用 “分子 + 分之 + 分母” 结构，比 “五分之二的人” 更简洁；“five million dollars” 译为 “500 万美元”，遵循中文 “万” 进制计数习惯（100 万 = 100 万，5×100 万 = 500 万）。 (2) 专业术语的场景化：“net worth” 译为 “净资产”，区别于 “总资产”，财务领域精准表述；“Virgin Galactic” 译为 “维珍银河”，公司名固定译法，保留品牌认知度。 (3) 插入语的逻辑处理：英文插入语直接置于数字后，中文用括号分隔并补充 “票价”，明确数字的含义，避免读者误判 “25 万美元” 为其他费用，同时 “目前的” 体现价格的时效性。 (4) 情态动词的语气传递：“would consider” 译为 “会考虑”，体现调查结果的推测性（潜在意愿），而非确定性动作，符合 “survey found”（调查发现）的统计语境。 分析 该句是一个包含主句和宾语从句的复合句，通过数据和细节描述揭示高净值人群对太空旅行的消费意愿。主句主干为“A major survey found that...”（一项主要调查发现……）。宾语从句“nearly two in five people with a net worth of over five million dollars would consider paying $250,000, Virgin Galactic’s current price, for a ticket”其中，主语为“nearly two in five people with a net worth of over five million dollars”（近五分之二净资产超过 500 万美元的人），“with a net worth of over five million dollars”为介词短语作后置定语，限定人群属性，“net worth”（净资产）突出消费能力基础；谓语“would consider paying”（会考虑支付），“would” 表意愿，“consider paying” 体现潜在消费行为；宾语“$250,000”（25 万美元），明确金额；同位语“Virgin Galactic’s current price”（维珍银河的当前票价），对 “$250,000” 进行补充说明，“current” 强调价格时效性，“Virgin Galactic” 点明服务提供方，增强信息关联度；目的状语“for a ticket”（购买一张机票），说明支付目的，“ticket” 指代太空旅行机票，隐含新兴消费场景。 翻译练习 1. 音乐会很精彩—— 所有人都喜欢美妙的音乐和绚丽的灯光。 (marvelous) 2. 教练在比赛前做了一次鼓舞人心的讲话，我们因此都更努力地比赛了。 (motivational) 3. 图书馆希望通过提供舒适的座位和有趣的书籍，把更多学生吸引到阅读中来。(attract to ) 4. 任何领域的成功都需要坚定不移的投入—— 无论是每天数小时练习乐器，还是数年如一日投身科学研究。(commitment) 5. 我对自己的进步感到满足，尽管还有提升的空间。 (feel content with) 6. 多植树有助于抵消碳排放，这使它成为个人参与环保的一种简单而有效的方式。(offset) 7. 坏天气让我们的野餐计划遇挫，但我们改到下周了。(set back) 8. 他们决定勇敢踏上穿越森林的旅程，尽管这很危险。(brave the journey) 答案解析 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了太空旅行的发展、吸引力以及行业的不确定性。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是维珍银河公司在2004年用以吸引潜在客户使用其计划中的太空旅游服务的激励性口号。A. modest谦虚的；B. demanding要求高的；C. motivational激励的；D. unclear不清楚的。根据上文“It will be marvelous. It will be spiritual.”可知，此处表示这是公司吸引潜在客户的激励性口号。故选C项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2021年7月11日，在最后90分钟的延迟后，维珍银河终于开始履行最初的承诺。A. obligation义务；B. commitment承诺；C. requirement要求；D. survey调查。根据上文“It promised that, within five years, it would take a total of over 3,000 passengers on life-changing trips in its spaceships.”可知，公司承诺会让乘客乘坐宇宙飞船去旅行，此处表示公司开始履行最初的承诺。故选B项。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他可能对自己能够比杰夫·贝佐斯更早到达太空感到满意，贝佐斯是一位比他更富裕的亿万富翁。A. felt ashamed of感到羞愧；B. kept an eye on密切关注；C. felt content with满足于；D. got upset with感到沮丧。根据下文“he was able to reach space earlier than Jeff Bezos, a fellow billionaire but much wealthier.”可知，贝佐斯比他更富有，推测他对于自己比贝佐斯更早到达太空感到满意。故选C项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两位大亨是越来越多的乐观主义者之一，他们认为太空旅游的时代已经到来。A. optimists乐观主义者；B. opponents对手；C. experts专家；D. objectors反对者。根据下文“who believe that space tourism’s time has come”可知，他们认为太空旅游的时代已经到来，所以这两位大亨是乐观主义者。故选A项。 5．考查介词短语辨析。句意：亚轨道旅游业是更广泛的空间经济的一部分，由于科技进步，在过去十年中，该经济迅速增长。A. thanks to由于；B. but for要不是；C. apart from除了；D. in spite of尽管。根据下文“technological advances”以及常识可知，由于科技进步，亚轨道旅游业作为空间经济的一部分，得以迅速增长。故选A项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，毫无疑问，这是真的。A. impossible不可能的；B. undoubted毫无疑问的；C. probable可能的；D. favorable有利的。根据上文“Suborbital tourism is part of a broader space economy that has rapidly grown over the past decade ____5____ technological advances.”可知，由于科技进步，亚轨道旅游业作为空间经济的一部分，得以迅速增长，毫无疑问，这是真的。故选B项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目前，Blue Origin和Virgin Galactic将为付费客户提供短暂的亚轨道飞行。A. long-lasting持久的；B. inexpensive廉价的；C. automatic自动的；D. brief短暂的。根据下文“this 4-minute suborbital travels”可知，Blue Origin和Virgin Galactic将提供短暂的亚轨道飞行。故选D项。 8．考查介词短语辨析。句意：从长远来看，贝佐斯并不只是把Blue Origin看作一家为冒险者提供服务的公司。A. On the contrary正相反；B. What’s more更重要的是；C. In the long run从长远来看；D. Above all首先。根据上文“Blue Origin is focusing much more on the development of a large new rocket that will be used for the launching of satellites, on selling advanced rocket engines to other companies, and on bidding on NASA contracts such as the recently announced plan to send humans back to the moon.”可知，Blue Origin专注于其他项目，所以从长远来看，贝佐斯并不仅仅把Blue Origin看作一家为冒险者提供服务的公司，而是为了更远大的目标。故选C项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，即使是这种4分钟的亚轨道旅行也有吸引力。A. shortcoming缺点；B. limitation限制；C. advantage优势；D. appeal吸引力。根据下文“A major survey found that nearly two in five people with a net worth of over five million dollars would consider paying $250,000, Virgin Galactic’s current price, for a ticket.”可知，4分钟的亚轨道旅行是有吸引力的。故选D项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦定期航班开始抵消火箭的开发成本，该业务能够有利可图。A. profitable有利可图的；B. uneconomic不盈利的；C. eco-friendly环保的；D. globalized全球化的。根据下文“once regular flights begin to offset (抵消) the rockets’ development costs.”可知，火箭的开发成本被抵消之后，业务会有利可图。故选A项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但速度和幅度尚不确定。A. predictable可预测的；B. essential基本的；C. irrelevant无关的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据下文“Without tourist-friendly destinations to visit (the capacity of the International Space Station is strictly limited), orbital tourism, with its far higher ticket prices, will not be a huge earner.”可知，业务有利可图的速度和幅度都还不确定。故选D项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个挑战——也是该行业现存最大的不确定性——与安全有关。A. development发展；B. security安全；C. stability稳定性；D. novelty新颖性。根据下文“History has shown that a disaster, ____13____ in the early stages of an industry, can set progress back by years.”可知，另一个挑战与安全有关。故选B项。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：历史已经表明，一场灾难，尤其是在一个行业的早期阶段，可能会阻碍进展数年。A. particularly特别是；B. critically批判地；C. precisely精确地；D. unforeseeably不可预见地。根据语境以及常识，灾难，尤其是在行业的早期阶段，会阻碍进展。故选A项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1986年，在挑战者号悲剧中，一名学校教师和其他机组人员丧生后，NASA暂缓了将未经训练的宇航员送入轨道的计划。A. initiated发起；B. drafted起草；C. modified修改；D. suspended暂缓。根据下文“after a school teacher was killed along with the rest of the crew in the Challenger tragedy.”可知，在一名学校教师和其他机组人员丧生后，NASA暂缓了计划。故选D项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：又过了15年，下一个未经训练的人才会勇敢地乘坐俄罗斯飞船旅行。A. brave勇敢面对；B. abandon放弃；C. steer操纵；D. pause暂停。根据上文“a school teacher was killed along with the rest of the crew in the Challenger tragedy.”可知，未经训练的人乘坐飞船旅行是危险的，所以此处表示15年后，下一个未经训练的人才勇敢地乘坐飞船旅行。故选A项。 基础篇 Passage 1 “I am ready for my first space flight,” Zhang Lu said. Having gone through a dozen years of tough training, Zhang has been appointed, along with two others, to 1 the country's space task. Full of 2 for the upcoming six- month stay in space, he also hoped to sing in his spare time. “Singing is my hobby, through which I can 3 my true feelings.” Born in 1976 in Hanshou, Zhang is gifted with a beautiful 4 and loves singing. In school, Zhang 5 his interest in music, applying for a music school, before he saw a notice recruiting (招募) flight cadets, which 6 his mind completely. Asked why he chose to become a flight cadet (学员) 7 studying singing, he answered, “If I had become a singer, I would never had the chance to 8 a plane, but if I chose to be a pilot, I could sing proudly while flying in the blue sky. ” In 2003, Yang Liwei was 9 sent into space, realizing the Chinese people's 10 dream of space exploration. It 11 Zhang, then an air force pilot, to become an astronaut and fly into space one day. He didn't get his 12 until six years later, when China began to 13 its second group of astronauts. The road to space has never been a shortcut, and Zhang experienced many 14 along the way. Zhang, together with his 15 will witness (当场看到) the official completion of the country's space station construction during their six- month stay in orbit. 1．A．carry out B．set up C．pick out D．speed up 2．A．confidence B．doubts C．curiosity D．expectations 3．A．express B．understand C．tell D．admit 4．A．face B．voice C．heart D．nose 5．A．lost B．discovered C．continued D．hid 6．A．filled B．changed C．opened D．exercised 7．A．instead of B．in honour of C．in favour of D．regardless of 8．A．see B．take C．fly D．touch 9．A．directly B．secretly C．naturally D．successfully 10．A．new-born B．long-held C．environmentally-related D．fully-achieved 11．A．suggested B．allowed C．encouraged D．forced 12．A．job B．permission C．answer D．chance 13．A．train B．send C．select D．investigate 14．A．failures B．hardships C．experiments D．emotions 15．A．classmates B．friends C．children D．teammates Passage 2 As I sat in the spaceship, traveling through the vast space, I was amazed by the greatness of the universe. Our task was to explore a newly-discovered planet, Planet X. The journey was long and filled with 1 . The meteors (流星) we met seemed to be 2 towards us like bullets. It was a(an) 3 moment, and everyone held their breath as our captain skillfully 4 the ship to avoid the effects. Finally, we arrived near Planet X. Through the telescope, I saw a planet 5 in a mysterious purple fog. Landing on the planet was no easy task because the gravity was stronger than we had expected. Our landing gear (起落架) 6 some damage during the touchdown. 7 , we were all safe in the end. Stepping out of the ship, I was 8 by a strange-looking landscape. The 9 of the planet looked like a barren desert with fine sand shining brightly. As I collected samples. I 10 how insignificant we humans are in this vast universe. Every new 11 here made me more curious about what else is out there. After 12 the data collected, we found that there existed some special chemicals on this planet. I couldn’t wait to 13 more secrets of Planet X. As the sun set, I felt a 14 of excitement and exhaustion. It was a day of unexpected yet wonderful discoveries and I wondered what 15 we would experience in the future. 1．A．challenges B．pains C．differences D．joys 2．A．walking B．pointing C．looking D．flying 3．A．relaxing B．stressful C．boring D．exciting 4．A．escaped B．destroyed C．operated D．abandoned 5．A．stuck B．involved C．enveloped D．trapped 6．A．suffered B．avoided C．repaired D．stopped 7．A．Unluckily B．Obviously C．Suddenly D．Thankfully 8．A．scared B．troubled C．refuse D．welcomed 9．A．shape B．surface C．inside D．structure 10．A．argued B．predicted C．realized D．explained 11．A．problem B．angle C．discovery D．change 12．A．looking into B．setting off C．carrying out D．holding up 13．A．mask B．reveal C．create D．keep 14．A．culture B．conclusion C．solution D．mixture 15．A．difficulties B．emergencies C．adventures D．accidents Passage 3 Retirement hasn’t slowed down 90-year-old great-grandmother Jeanie Shaffer. She has made more than 11, 000 tiny 1 for newborns in her golden years. Every hat is made with special care and she has 2 them all to the local hospital for the last 15 years. Hospital staff put a hat on a baby soon after 3 to keep warm. A warm hat calms and 4 newborns as they adjust to life 5 the womb (子宫). That is why the hospital staff and new 6 are so appreciative of Jeanie’s handmade hats. Many families 7 the hats because they 8 emotional value to their baby’s first hat. Jeanie and her husband have a 9 family, with seven children, 15 grandchildren and 28 great-grandchildren. Although she has plenty to keep her 10 , she still found time to start a fun hobby in her 70s after she 11 . To honor Jeanie’s years of hard work and selfless volunteerism, the staff decided to 12 pictures of her creations to fill an album (相册). The hospital made a special 13 on social media to all the new moms to submit a picture of their newborn wearing the hat they had received, which was responded 14 . Thousands of grateful new moms soon shared 15 photos of their newborns wearing their special hats. The staff then selected part of the pictures for the album that they presented to Jeanie. 1．A．shoes B．socks C．gloves D．hats 2．A．sold B．lent C．donated D．posted 3．A．birth B．operation C．breakfast D．sleep 4．A．motivates B．comforts C．relieves D．annoys 5．A．outside B．upward C．inside D．downward 6．A．doctors B．moms C．nurses D．babies 7．A．protect B．abandon C．keep D．throw 8．A．seek B．announce C．carry D．attach 9．A．normal B．cute C．large D．rich 10．A．wealthy B．kind C．warm D．busy 11．A．retired B．married C．moved D．died 12．A．collect B．copy C．deliver D．took 13．A．suggestion B．survey C．request D．search 14．A．positively B．gradually C．ultimately D．apparently 15．A．reliable B．available C．respectable D．adorable Passage 4 Edward J. Dwight Jr. has waited a long time for his ride into space. In the 1960s, he seemed ready to become America's first Black 1 . That dream was never realized. Now, at age 90, he's about to finally get his 2 aboard a Blue Origin rocket. “They called me up and asked me if I was 3 . And of course I said yes,” Dwight says. While Dwight won't be the first African American in space— that 4 went to Guion Bluford Jr. in 1983— he will be the oldest person to go there, 5 Star Trek actor William Shatner, who flew aboard a Blue Origin rocket in 2021. For many his age, a journey into space would seem 6 . Dwight says he's ready to go. He points out that the difficulties of his upcoming 7 won't be much different from what he 8 as a test pilot in the Air Force. “I’ ve pulled more G’s than any person on Earth,” he 9 it with a bitter smile. Space health expert Dorit Donoviel says the 11-minute flight means many of the 10 about the long-term effects of deep-space missions won't come into play. “The main thing we worry about is the G forces,” says Donoviel. 11 , she points out that the seats are 12 at 20 or 30 degrees. “As you’ re-experiencing the G-forces, you' re getting it through the 13 , which is not affecting your head,” Donoviel says. “It's distributed through the chest, which really shouldn't 14 very much.” And then there's the landing. “It's not even a controlled crash. It's a crash,” Donoviel says. Still, she 15   no issues. 1．A．student B．astronaut C．customer D．expert 2．A．name B．shot C．money D．job 3．A．convinced B．excited C．interested D．confused 4．A．honor B．wonder C．account D．prize 5．A．paying back B．edging out C．running after D．laughing at 6．A．unthinkable B．possible C．essential D．invaluable 7．A．risk B．test C．flight D．training 8．A．imagined B．researched C．experienced D．dreamed 9．A．realizes B．puts C．doubts D．shows 10．A．benefits B．solutions C．regulations D．concerns 11．A．Eventually B．Consequently C．Somehow D．However 12．A．reserved B．produced C．angled D．exchanged 13．A．seat B．chest C．door D．foot 14．A．work B．matter C．speed D．fail 15．A．promises B．encounters C．remembers D．discusses 拔高篇 Passage 1 In many ways, Mars is like Earth’s twin. But in many more ways, Mars is nothing like Earth. Mars was once a 1 world. But what happened to Mars? And most 2 , did life once exist on this Red Planet? On August 5, 2012, NASA’s Curiosity rover (探测器) landed on Mars. Its mission: to 3 whether Mars was once a place where living things could 4 . The rover started its 5 in a place called Gale Crater. It’s a huge crater (坑), stretching 154 kilometers wide. In the center is a mountain called Mount Sharp. NASA let the rover 6 there because Gale Crater used to hold a 7 filled with water. After the rover got there, it 8 some rocks in Gale Crater with onboard instruments. And it found minerals that had water 9 up in it. With the 10 the rover collected, the science and engineering teams on Earth were able to 11 that Gale Crater was once a lake. One of the 12 the rover brought to Mars was a laser (激光器). It was used to study the composition of rocks and found molecules (分子) which contain oxygen. The rover’s 13 in Mars’rocks tells scientists that at some 14 in Mars’past, there was a lot of oxygen in the atmosphere, which is a 15 for most life. Do you know what most living things need? Water and oxygen! Where there was water and oxygen, there might have been life. 1．A．watery B．dusty C．sandy D．grassy 2．A．quickly B．certainly C．dangerously D．mysteriously 3．A．get over B．make up C．look for D．figure out 4．A．grow B．survive C．move D．gather 5．A．journey B．goal C．performance D．struggle 6．A．hang B．work C．land D．pull 7．A．street B．plate C．pool D．lake 8．A．broke B．analyzed C．obtained D．adjusted 9．A．waken B．lifted C．lit D．locked 10．A．data B．tips C．tricks D．tests 11．A．admit B．invent C．confirm D．accept 12．A．tools B．projects C．orders D．facts 13．A．success B．attempt C．discovery D．position 14．A．length B．level C．height D．point 15．A．sign B．rule C．will D．must Passage 2 Most people will remember the excitement of receiving their first letter from a pen pal. The 1 of receiving those letters is beyond description. Chen Man-lin, a 15-year-old Hong Kong student, was very happy. Her pen pal was orbiting in the Tiangong Space Station when he wrote inspiring words to her. When Chen 2 the national letter-writing activity named “Sending My Dream to Tiangong” to write to the 3 on Tiangong, she wrote a letter the same evening. In her letter, she detailed every moment of her own planned 4 toward contributing (贡献) to national aerospace (航天航空) development, and what she knew about astronauts and the national aerospace development program. Chen’s 5 to write the letter was more than just an impulse (冲动). Her 6 in space had begun at the age of six 7 she watched the live broadcast from orbit (轨道) of a science lecture. She poured that passion for space into her letter, as well as some of her problems over her studies in life. The three-page reply from Shenzhou XIV astronaut Chen Dong, 8 about a month later. As one of the 30,000 students from all over the country to take part in the activity, Chen was 9 chosen to receive a reply, the only one in Hong Kong. To encourage the students, Chen Dong recalled 10 he became an astronaut step by step. He also shared his tips for overcoming the difficulties when studying physics and other 11 necessary to achieve his goals. He hoped that young Hong Kong people could follow 12 dreams and make contributions to the country. The arrival of a letter from space was also a 13 gift to mark the 25th anniversary of Hong Kong’s return to the motherland. “I’ll do as he 14 in the letter; study harder and 15 to stay healthy. I look forward to contributing to national aerospace development in the future,” said Chen. 1．A．report B．beauty C．message D．kindness 2．A．thought about B．cared about C．talked about D．learned about 3．A．astronauts B．writers C．parents D．teachers 4．A．vacation B．journey C．race D．interview 5．A．purpose B．chance C．decision D．notice 6．A．habit B．style C．story D．interest 7．A．when B．as long as C．as soon as D．as far as 8．A．posted B．left C．arrived D．brought 9．A．suddenly B．luckily C．widely D．truly 10．A．when B．where C．why D．how 11．A．abilities B．skills C．subjects D．hobbies 12．A．his B．their C．our D．your 13．A．proper B．possible C．fair D．useful 14．A．ordered B．promised C．prepared D．advised 15．A．find out B．come out C．work out D．look out Passage 3 I’m not allowed to touch the moon rocks. This is the lab where the Johnson Space Center 1 the original samples that the Apollo astronauts 2 to the earth decades ago. As I stare at the rocks through glass, Charis, my tour guide, says in a 3 voice: No touching the moon rocks. Before 4 this clean room, I remove all my jewelry. My guide and I cover our shoes with blue-paper booties and step into full-body jumpsuits. We then 5 gloves and a hair cover. Finally, we spend a full minute standing in an air shower, under a steady light wind 6 from ceiling to floor to 7 us of any fine dust. Inside the clean room, the rocks are kept in 8 , pressurized containers. Only five sample processors in the world get to routinely handle these 9 stones. They preserve and prepare the samples for studies. To pick up an Apollo rock, they must use special tools, following pretty strict 10 about touching samples. All the 11 is to protect the 382 kilograms of rocks lifted from the moon. “One big 12 belief is that the Apollo samples aren’t being studied any more and that they only tell us about the moon,” says Charis. “Neither of those is true.” Keeping priceless samples away from curious 13 allowed scientists to make one of the most surprising lunar 14 of the last 50 years: The moon is wet. Those samples are still offering fresh details about how the 15 — and the entire solar system — formed and developed. 1．A．accumulates B．stores C．tests D．analyzes 2．A．brought B．sent C．donated D．introduced 3．A．thoughtful B．sensitive C．eager D．firm 4．A．leaving B．inspecting C．entering D．observing 5．A．reach for B．deal with C．put on D．inquire about 6．A．blowing B．shooting C．sweeping D．rising 7．A．warn B．assure C．remind D．clear 8．A．useful B．secure C．empty D．new 9．A．precious B．strange C．clean D．previous 10．A．schedules B．laws C．rules D．orders 11．A．effort B．sacrifice C．arrangement D．reform 12．A．uncommon B．contradictory C．impractical D．mistaken 13．A．minds B．looks C．fingers D．questions 14．A．attempts B．fortune C．reservation D．discoveries 15．A．sun B．moon C．earth D．universe Passage 4 China’s space exploration has once again achieved a great success. The launch of the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft was a memorable moment for all Chinese, marking the beginning of a new 1 in China’s space journey. The Long March-2F rocket was the perfect 2 for this important mission with its impressive appearance and stable technology, and the astronauts underwent 3 training. At zero seconds, with everyone’s hearts 4 , the rocket soared into the sky, leaving a trail of fire and smoke. Back on Earth, people watched the launch on TV and 5 the astronauts’ progress through live broadcast. The successful launch and operation of the spacecraft 6 China’s ability to compete with the world’s leading space agencies. During the mission, the astronauts will have 7 tasks to accomplish. They will 8 scientific experiments and prepare for future missions. They will also take time to enjoy the beautiful 9 of Earth from space. The Shenzhou-19 spacecraft is supposed to 10 its mission after six months in space. The success of the mission will inspire many young people to pursue their dreams of becoming astronauts. Since 2003, with each new mission, China has shown its ability to 11 and push the boundaries of human knowledge. And with its strong scientific and technological 12 , China is sure to make greater achievements in the future. The Shenzhou-19 mission is a constant 13 of China’s growing influence in space exploration. It marks a new era in China’s space exploration and 14 the world’s attention to the country’s development. As China continues to progress, we can only imagine what the future holds for this 15 nation. 1．A．framework B．chapter C．mode D．platform 2．A．option B．combination C．location D．definition 3．A．dramatic B．appealing C．flexible D．demanding 4．A．beating B．sinking C．racing D．melting 5．A．followed B．documented C．monitored D．noticed 6．A．facilitated B．identified C．clarified D．demonstrated 7．A．multiple B．urgent C．physical D．risky 8．A．draw on B．carry out C．bring up D．deal with 9．A．images B．fields C．sights D．figures 10．A．summarize B．occupy C．interrupt D．complete 11．A．wonder B．innovate C．sustain D．apply 12．A．expansion B．background C．introduction D．competence 13．A．reminder B．warning C．operation D．factor 14．A．refer B．limits C．absorbs D．connects 15．A．humble B．powerful C．reliable D．generous Passage 5 As an aerospace engineer, TV host, and author, Emily Calandrelli is devoted to inspiring and educating young people about the wonders of space. Now she is 1 for a major mission: a journey aboard an upcoming Blue Origin space flight. At 37 years old, Calandrelli is set to make a 2 as the first woman from West Virginia to travel to space. Growing up, she never 3 this would happen. Her family didn’t have much money, so she 4 to study engineering because she wanted a practical career with 5 stability. “While I wasn’t always the 6 kid in the room, I was usually the hardest one,” she recalled. Calandrelli 7 a bachelor’s degree in mechanical and aerospace engineering at West Virginia University before 8 her studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Her career took a creative 9 when she became the host of the show Xploration Outer Space. She has also 10 nine books, including The complete Ada Lace Adventures. One of her goals is for kids to 11 themselves working in science fields. The Blue Origin flight, which does not yet have a 12 date, will send Calandrelli and five others into space for 12 minutes. She is excited to 13 Earth from beyond its atmosphere. Fewer than 100 women have been to space, and she is 14 to become one of them. “I feel a sense of 15 and joy to be part of that,” she said. 1．A．qualifying B．applying C．preparing D．paying 2．A．history B．sacrifice C．decision D．promise 3．A．doubted B．imagined C．realized D．wondered 4．A．intended B．volunteered C．hesitated D．managed 5．A．global B．mental C．social D．financial 6．A．richest B．smartest C．oldest D．nicest 7．A．favored B．missed C．lost D．earned 8．A．repeating B．considering C．advancing D．offering 9．A．share B．turn C．chance D．lead 10．A．donated B．advertised C．read D．authored 11．A．see B．keep C．make D．catch 12．A．return B．review C．launch D．service 13．A．appreciate B．recognize C．process D．preserve 14．A．promised B．motivated C．inspired D．honored 15．A．humour B．pride C．adventure D．purpose Passage 6 Although Elizabeth Norman is 8, she is not usual in some way. This Leicester, UK child is 1 with space, especially anything 2 to the Moon, so NASA is taking one of her favorite objects to the Moon. Elizabeth became very interested in space after watching the news report of NASA’s Perseverance Rover being sent to Mars. After that, she devoted (致力) herself to 3 about space and carried out a few science experiments. Elizabeth also set up her “Astro Liz” 4 channel in which she 5 educational videos. Elizabeth also made model rockets by herself. Later her model rockets gained the 6 of the rocket makers, so they 7 her. This is the rocket that will 8 the unmanned (无人驾驶的) Peregrine Lunar Lander along with other equipment to Mars. It will also include a time capsule (时空胶囊) and 9 objects like a sticker of Astro Liz. Elizabeth’s mom said, “None of us could believe she would have the chance to make her 10 on the Moon. For her to be 11 in such a historic moment is unbelievable. But we truly believe she will go to space one day.” “My goals for the future are to walk on the Moon and to 12 the highest mountain on Mars. I also hope I can fly on the Vulcan Centaur one day by myself!” Elizabeth said. Her mother believes that Elizabeth will 13 more and more other children with 14 in space to follow in her footsteps. She said, “The sky isn’t even the 15 for Elizabeth now, and she wants to develop different hobbies for more life possibilities.” 1．A．satisfied B．fascinated C．patient D．anxious 2．A．familiar B．special C．related D．close 3．A．learning B．thinking C．hearing D．arguing 4．A．task- based B．children- targeted C．culture- related D．science- themed 5．A．shares B．downloads C．sells D．studies 6．A．comfort B．attention C．control D．trust 7．A．contacted B．reported C．encouraged D．respected 8．A．drive B．test C．carry D．fly 9．A．important B．private C．funny D．useful 10．A．trip B．experiment C．video D．mark 11．A．mentioned B．invited C．included D．interviewed 12．A．explore B．move C．save D．discover 13．A．allow B．choose C．inspire D．recommend 14．A．confidence B．interest C．misunderstanding D．experience 15．A．base B．idea C．level D．limit $$