Unit 1 Sports 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级（单元核心语法精练）英语北师大版2024八年级上册

Unit 1 Sports 核心语法精练（形容词/副词的比较级和最高级） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 5 一.单项选择 5 二.词汇运用 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 题型一．语法选择 9 题型二 语法填空 11 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级 一、基本用法 （一）概述 英语中的形容词和副词有三个等级，即原级、比较级和最高级，以此表示人或事物的等级差别。形容词和副词的比较级用于两者之间的比较，表示“较……”或“更……一些”；形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较，表示“最……”，形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省略。 （二）比较等级的构成 形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化。 1. 规则变化 单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est High–higher–highest fast–faster– fastest 以字母e结尾的词，直接加-r或-st nice–nicer–nicest late–later–latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先把y变为i，再加-er或-est busy–busier–busiest early–earlier–earliest 以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写这个辅音字母， 再加-er或-es． hot–hotter–hottest thin–thinner–thinnest 多音节和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most difficult–more difficult–most difficult quickly–more quickly–most quickly 2. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good(好的)/ well(好地，健康的) better best bad(坏的)/ill(有病的)/ badly(坏地；恶劣地) worse worst many(许多)/ much(许多) more most little(少的) less least far(远的/地) farther(指距离)较远 further(指距离和抽象概念)较远 farthest(指距离)最远 furthest(指距离和抽象概念)最远 old(老的) older elder(指年长的) oldest eldest 二、特殊用法 （一）比较级的修饰语 1. 在比较级前常用much（……得多），even（甚至），still（更），a little（一点），a bit（有点），a lot（很多）等来修饰，表示程度进一步加深。 I am much older than my brother.我比我弟弟大得多。 Lin Ping is a little more outgoing than me.林萍比我更外向一点。 2. very, quite, too等程度副词一般只修饰形容词原级，不能修饰比较级。 This tree is very tall. 这棵树很高。 （二）形容词和副词原级比较的两种句型 1. the same as...意为“与……一致，与……相同的”。 His dream is the same as mine. 他的梦想和我的一样。 2.“as+形容词/副词原级+as...”表示……和……一样”，否定结构为“not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as”，表示“第一个人/物在……比不上第二个”。 This film is as interesting as that one. 这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。 （三）形容词与副词的比较级的常用句型结构 1. A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B. ，表示“A比B……”。 I think English is less important than maths. 我认为英语不如数学重要。 2. Which/Who+谓语动词比较级，A or B?，or连接两个选项，表示对两者的比较或选择，意为“A和B，哪个/谁更……？”。 Which is heavier, pig or an elephant? 一头猪和一头大象哪个重？ Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei? 林涛和韩梅谁的书更多？ 3. get/become+比较级+and+比较级，意为“变得越来越……”，and连接两个相同的形容词比较级，当形容词是多音节或部分双音节词时，结构变为“get/ become more and more+形容词原级”。 It's getting colder and colder when winter comes. 当冬天来临时，天气变得越来越冷。 Our hometown is getting more and more beautiful我们的家乡正变得越来越美丽。 4. the+比较级，the+比较级，意为“越……，就越……”，表示两个过程按比例同时增减。 The more, the better. 多多益善。 The harder you study, the better grades you'll get. 你学习越努力，就越能取得好成绩。 5. “主语+谓语动词+the+比较级+of the two+...”意为“主语是两者中较……的那个。”，是特指的情况。 Jack is the taller of the two. 杰克是两个人中较高的一个。 6. 主语+谓语动词+比较级+ than any other+单数名词. 表示“一个人或物比同一范围内的任何其他一个都……”。 Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国其他任何一个城市都大。 （四）形容词与副词的最高级的常用句型 形容词与副词的最高级常用于三者或三者以上人或事（物）之间的比较，在表示最高程度，即表示其中一个在某方面“最……”时使用。在句中使用时，形容词最高级前通常用the，句中常含有表示比较范围的介词of或in；of后面一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词，in后面一般接表示单位或场所的名词，常用句型结构为： 1. 主语+be+the+形容词最高级（+名词/代词）+in/of短语. 意为“……是……中最……的（……）”。 Spring is the best season of year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。 2. 主语实义动词（+the）+副词最高级+in/of短语. 意为“……是……中最……的”。 Jack works (the) hardest in our class. 在我们班杰克学习最努力。 3. 主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of短语. 意为“……是……中最…… 的……之一”。 New York is one of the biggest cities in the world. 纽约是世界上最大的城市之一。 4. 主语+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of短语. 意为“……在……中是第几……的……”。 The Yangtze River is the first longest river in our country. 长江是我们国家的第一长河。 5. Which/Who+谓语动词（+the）+最高级，A，B or C? 意为“A、B和C，哪个/谁最……？”。 Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon? 太阳地球和月球，哪一个最大？ Who runs (the) fastest, Kate, Tom or Mike? 谁跑得最快，凯特、汤姆还是迈克？ （五）比较级的替代 使用比较级时，前后两个比较项要保持一致。若前一个比较项是不可数名词，则后一个比较项可为替代词that。若前一个比较项是复数名词，则后一个比较项可为替代词those。 The weather in Nanjing is warmer than that in Beijing in winter. 在冬天南京的天气比北京暖和。 There are more students in Class 1 than those in Class2. 一班的学生比二班的学生多。 三、注意事项 1. 使用比较级的基本原则：不做比较用原级，两者比较用比较级，多者比较用最高级。 2. 比较的对象要保持前后一致。 Your coat looks more beautiful than mine. 你的大衣比我的好看。 3. 避免将主语包含在比较对象中 China is bigger than any country in Africa. （×） China is bigger than any other country in Africa. （√） 4. “a/an+比较级”表示“又一/再一更……的”。 My daughter has a doll, but she wants a bigger one. 我女儿有一个玩具娃娃，但是她还想要一个更大的。 5. 最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时，其前不用加the。 My eldest daughter is10 years old. 我最大的女儿10岁。 6. 形容词最高级前加不定冠词a，不表示比较，而表示“非常”的意思。 Spring is best season. 春天是一个非常好的季节。 7. most同形容词连用而不用the，表示“极，很，非常，十分”。 It is most useful book. 它是一本非常有用的书。 四、比较结构的同义转换 1. more...than与less...than, not as/so...as的转换 Her sister is more intelligent than her. =She is less intelligent than her sister. =She isn't as/so intelligent as her sister. 她的妹妹比她要聪明。 2. 最高级与no...more than的转换 Maths is the most difficult subject of all. =No subject is more difficult than maths. 数学是所有学科中最难的。 3. 比较级形式表示最高级意义 （1）比较级+than+ other+可数名词单数。 （2）比较级+than+anyone/anything else. （3）比较级+than+the other+可数名词复数。 （4）比较级+any of the other+可数名词复数。 一.单项选择 1.Slow cooking seems to hold the taste of the meat much 　　　.  A.good　　　　 B.well C.better　　　　 D.best 答案　C　考查比较级。根据空前的much可知，此处应用比较级，much better意思是“好得多”，故选C。 2.—Good news! The Chinese women’s football team came first in the 2022 AFC Women’s Asian Cup. —Exactly. The final is 　　　one I have ever seen.  A.a less amazing B.the most amazing C.a more amazing D.the least amazing 答案　B　考查形容词最高级的用法。根据上文内容可知，此处是对决赛的肯定评价，因此排除A、D两项。根据“...I have ever seen”可知要用形容词最高级，故选B。 3.—You want to lose weight? But why? You look quite slim to me. —That may be true. But I’m 　　　than last year.  A.much heavier B.heavy enough C.much lighter D.light enough 答案　A　考查形容词比较级的用法。句意:——你想减肥?但是这是为什么呢?对我来说，你看起来非常苗条。——这可能是真的，但我比去年重多了。根据句中的than可知，此空应填比较级，故排除B、D两项。由语境可知，此处应该是比去年重，故选A。 4.Which colour do you like 　　　， purple， orange or pink?  A.well　　　　 B.good C.better　　　　 D.best 答案　D　考查副词最高级的用法。根据空格后“purple， orange or pink”可知，此处问的是这三种颜色中，你最喜欢哪个?由此可知，此处应使用最高级形式。故选D。 5.—Ann won first prize in this final exam. —So she did. She is so hard⁃working that she did 　　　exercises and made 　　　mistakes of all the students.  A.the most;the most　　　　 B.the least;the most C.the most;the fewest　　　　 D.the least;the fewer 答案　C　考查形容词的最高级。根据“She is so hard⁃working”可知，安很努力，所以她做的练习应该是最多的，排除B、D选项;根据语境及“mistakes of all the students”可知，应该是犯的错误最少。故选C。 6.—Compared to a printed picture， Grandpa’s painting is 　　　for our living room.  —I agree. A.suitable B.more suitable C.expensive D.more expensive 答案　B　考查形容词。be suitable for适合;根据上文“Compared to a printed picture”可知，此处在做比较，需用比较级，结合空后的“for”可知要用more suitable。故选B。 7.—Don’t be shy. Nobody can hear you unless you speak in 　　　voice.  —All right. Thanks. A.the loudest B.the lowest C.a louder D.a lower 答案　C　考查形容词比较级的用法。根据“Nobody can hear you unless you speak...”可知，应该是用更大的声音说话。故选C。 8.Yuan Longping is considered as one of 　　　agricultural scientists in the world.  A.great B.greater C.greatest D.the greatest 答案　D　考查形容词最高级的用法。根据空格前的one of...可知，此处填形容词的最高级，前面要加定冠词the。故选D。 9.Wang Yaping， China’s second woman astronaut， wishes every female would pick 　　　star in their own starry sky.  A.bright B.brighter C.the brightest D.brightly 答案　C　考查形容词最高级的用法。根据in their own starry sky可知，此空应填形容词最高级，修饰名词star。故选C。 10.—Bob， how do you like the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games? —Perfect. I haven’t seen a 　　　one.   A.good B.better C.best D.nice 答案　B　考查形容词比较级的用法。此处用比较级和否定形式连用，表示最高级，指“没有比这更好的(这是最好的)”。故选B。 11.、Separating litter into different groups will give us a 　　　city than before.  A.much greener B.very green C.much dirtier D.very dirty 答案　A　考查形容词比较级的用法。根据空后的than before可知，空格处应填比较级，所以排除B、D两项;根据Separating litter into different groups可知，城市会变得更加环保。故选A。 12.Take the GPS with you， or you may become 　　　a blind man in the big desert.  A.as good as　　　　 B.as well as C.as long as　　　　 D.as soon as 答案　A　as good as几乎;as well as 以及，除……之外(也);as long as只要;as soon as一……就……。根据句意可知，此处应填as good as，指“几乎是盲人”。故选A。 13.You can achieve your dream 　　　with more efforts in your work.  A.easier B.slower C.more easily D.more slowly 答案　C　考查副词比较级的用法。easier更容易的;slower更慢的;more easily更容易地;more slowly更慢地。空格处修饰动词，应用副词，排除A和B;由“with more efforts”可知更多的努力会使人更容易实现梦想，故选C。 二.词汇运用 1.The 　　　　　(努力) you practise， the greater progress you will make.  答案　harder　考查副词比较级。hard努力，为副词;本句为“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”结构，意为“越……，就越……”。故填harder。 2.We students now use 　　　　throwaway products than before.(few)  答案　fewer　考查形容词比较级的用法。根据句子中的than可知，设空处应用比较级，故填fewer。 3.Asking questions is one of the 　　　　　(最容易的) ways to lead you to active learning.  答案　easiest　考查形容词最高级的用法。“容易的”用easy表示，由空前的one of the及所给的汉语意思可知，此处应用最高级形式。故填easiest。 4.After a night’s rain， the mountains are much greener and the air is much 　　　　　(fresh).  答案　fresher　考查形容词比较级的用法。根据空前的the air is much可知，此处填形容词，much修饰比较级，fresh的比较级是fresher。故填fresher。 5.The programme Drive less，cycle more will reduce pollution and make streets much 　　　　　(安全的).  答案　safer　考查形容词比较级的用法。此处是“make+宾语+adj.”结构，“安全的”是safe，空格前的much修饰比较级，所以填safer。 6.The next morning he got up 　　　　　than before to practise football.(early)  答案　earlier　考查形容词比较级的用法。根据设空处后面的than可知，此设空处应该用比较级，故答案为earlier。 7.Have you ever driven through a red traffic light? Have you ever parked in the wrong place or driven 　　　　　　(fast) than the speed limit(限制)?  答案　faster　所给提示词为副词,由后面的than可知,此处应用副词的比较级形式。故填faster。 8.I'm proud of being Chinese because China is one of the 　　　　　　(最伟大的) countries in the world.  答案　greatest　根据汉语提示可知,答案为greatest。 9.It was the fifth day of our Italian journey. We arrived at our hotel 　　　　　　(early) than usual.  答案　earlier　根据than可知应用比较级,此处表示“我们”到达旅馆的时间比平时早。故填earlier。 10.The Camp Fire was one of 　　　　　　(big) fires in California history.  答案　the biggest　此处是“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构,表示“最……的……之一”。故填the biggest。 11.It's certain that we need to eat 　　　　(更少的) sugar.  答案　less　考查形容词比较级。由汉语提示可知,设空处应填little或者few的比较级,因为后面的sugar是不可数名词,所以填little的比较级less。 12.In Spanish you have to change the verbs (动词) for each person. But my 　　　　(big) problem of all was the pronunciation.  答案　biggest　考查形容词最高级。空后的of all提示设空处的形容词应用最高级形式,表示“所有问题中最大的问题”,故填biggest。 13.Of the three cities, Ningbo, our hometown, is the 　　　　(生机勃勃的).  答案　liveliest　考查形容词最高级。由Of the three cities与空前的the可知,应填形容词最高级。故填liveliest。 14.I can’t speak too 　　　　　(high) of the beauty of Yangzhou， especially in spring.  答案　highly　句意:我对扬州的美再怎么赞美也不为过，尤其是在春天。此空修饰动词speak，应该用high的副词形式highly。故填highly。 15.Mr. King did a 　　　　　(crazy) thing than we did last week， and we were all shocked by him.  答案　crazier　根据空后的thing和than可知，空处应用形容词crazy的比较级形式crazier，作定语。故填crazier。 16.Humans should always learn how to live 　　　　　(peace) with other living things together.   答案　peacefully　此处修饰动词live用副词peacefully，故填peacefully。 17.Full River Red(《满江红》) is 　　　　　(exciting) film I’ve ever seen.  答案　the most exciting　句意:《满江红》是我看过的最激动人心的电影。根据“I’ve ever seen”可知，此处用最高级，exciting的最高级为most exciting。形容词最高级前要加定冠词the，故填the most exciting。 18.　　　　　(luck)， her family members were all fine after the flood.  答案　Luckily　根据“her family members were all fine after the flood”可知，她的家庭成员在洪灾过后都没事，这是一件幸运的事情，此处应该用副词修饰整个句子。luck“运气”，名词，其副词形式是luckily，指“幸运地”，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Luckily。 19.Some people think such a problem should be dealt with 　　　　　.(peace)  答案　peacefully　根据“such a problem should be dealt with”可知，此空应填副词，用来修饰动词。“peace”和平是名词，其副词形式是peacefully。故填peacefully。 20.Nora would like to be a 　　　　　(社会的) worker when she grows up.  答案　social　句意:Nora长大后想当一名社会工作者。social“社会的”。故填social。 21.With the country’s 　　　　　(far) development， there is no doubt that China will do more for world peace.  答案　further　句意:随着中国的进一步发展，毫无疑问，中国将为世界和平做更多的事情。由语境可知，应用far的比较级further。further development“进一步发展”，故填further。 22.This is the 　　　　　(tidy) room I have ever seen. I love it very much!  答案　tidiest　根据I have ever seen“我见过的”可知用最高级，根据I love it very much!可知此房间是最整洁的。故填tidiest。 23. A gentle touch on the neck makes the cat much 　　　　　(sleep).  答案　sleepier　make sb./sth.+adj.“使某人/某物……”，sleepy“困倦的”符合语境，空前有much修饰，应用形容词比较级。故填sleepier。 24.When I was a little boy， I lived in the 　　　　　(south) part of the town with my grandparents.  答案　southern　这里填south的形容词，修饰名词part。故填southern。 25.The more you try to improve yourself， the 　　　　　you will feel. (happy)  答案　happier　此句是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，就越……”。happy的比较级是happier“更快乐”，故填happier。 题型一．语法选择 （24-25八年级上·广东广州·期中）阅读下面短文，根据语法的正确性，从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 I was walking home from work on a busy city street with lots of people. I wasn’t looking forward to 1 home because my friends were busy 2 their own business and weren’t able to spend time lazily with me. It’s then when I walked past a homeless person that I hadn’t seen before. He was moving back and forth to stay 3 and very gently asking for some change. His words for money were so quiet that I could 4 hear him. Something made me 5 , turn around and walk up to him. At the same time, some thoughts appeared in my head like, “What do you think you’re doing? You’re alone, it’s dark and you’re a woman.” Before I knew what I was doing, I asked him if he had had dinner yet and if he would like to join 6 at a nearby restaurant. He said he hadn’t eaten anything and he would like to. So, he walked with me a few yards to the restaurant and held the door 7 for me as we entered. He asked for the smallest thing on the menu, but I ordered a larger meal for him and I explained that the piece wasn’t worth worrying about. We had a good dinner and a pleasant conversation about our life like where we grew up and what kind of music we liked. We both felt very 8 . During the whole time, I just tried to say the right thing and give him the respect and care everyone has. I didn’t want to show that I was better than him. I was so grateful for this experience. I may not have met my friends that evening but I met 9 unexpected friend and the experience changed my life. It will make me think twice in the future 10 I complain (抱怨) about something I don’t have. 1．A．go B．goes C．to go D．going 2．A．with B．for C．to D．in 3．A．warmly B．warm C．warmest D．more warm 4．A．hardly B．harder C．hard D．hardest 5．A．stop B．stops C．to stop D．stopping 6．A．I B．my C．me D．mine 7．A．opened B．open C．opening D．to open 8．A．excitement B．exciting C．excited D．excitedly 9．A．/ B．the C．a D．an 10．A．though B．before C．because D．but 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述作者邀请一位流浪汉一起就餐的经历。 1．句意：我并不期待回家，因为我的朋友们忙于自己的事情，不能懒洋洋地和我在一起。 go去，动词原形；goes动词单三；to go动词不定式；going动名词/现在分词。 look forward to doing sth.“期待做某事”。故选D。 2．句意：我并不期待回家，因为我的朋友们忙于自己的事情，不能懒洋洋地和我在一起。 with和；for为了；to到；in在里面。be busy with sth.“忙于做某事”。故选A。 3．句意：他来回走动以保暖，非常温和地要求一些零钱。 warmly温暖地，副词；warm温暖的，形容词原级；warmest最高级；more warm错误形式。作stay的表语用形容词，且无比较之意，用形容词原级。故选B。 4．句意：他要钱时说的话声音太小了，我几乎听不见。 hardly几乎不；harder更努力；hard努力地；hardest最努力。 根据“His words for money were so quiet that I could...hear him”可知他说的话声音太小了，几乎听不见。故选A。 5．句意：有什么东西让我停下来，转身朝他走去。 stop停止，动词原形；stops动词单三；to stop动词不定式；stopping动名词/现在分词。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。故选A。 6．句意：在我知道自己在做什么之前，我问他是否已经吃过晚饭了，他是否愿意和我一起去附近的餐厅。 I我，主格；my我的；me我，宾格；mine我的。此处作join的宾语，用宾格me。故选C。 7．句意：于是，他和我一起走了几码到餐厅，当我们进去时，他为我开门。 opened打开，动词过去式；open开着的，形容词；opening动名词/现在分词；to open动词不定式。根据“held the door...”可知此处用形容词open作宾语补足语。故选B。 8．句意：我们俩都感到非常兴奋。 excitement兴奋，名词；exciting令人激动，形容物；excited兴奋的，形容人；excitedly兴奋地，副词。作felt的表语用形容词，形容人，用excited。故选C。 9．句意：那天晚上我可能没有见过我的朋友，但我遇到了一个意想不到的朋友，这段经历改变了我的生活。 /零冠词；the定冠词；a不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词。此处泛指“一个意想不到的朋友”，unexpected以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故选D。 10．句意：这会让我在将来抱怨我没有的东西之前三思而后行。 though虽然；before在……之前；because因为；but但是。根据“think twice in the future...I complain”可知是在抱怨之前三思。故选B。 题型二 语法填空 A （24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Bill likes drinking beer. And he always drinks too much and gets drunk 1 (easy). One Saturday, he went to a bar and drank. When he 2 (leave) the bar in the afternoon, he was drunk. When he got home, Bill thought he should do something else for the rest of the day. He decided to go ice fishing. 3 he took his fishing gear (渔具) and went looking around and found a big patch of ice. “That’s 4 place I’m looking for. There must be lots of fish under the ice.” Bill said to 5 (he). He headed to the center of the ice and began to chisel (凿) a fishing hole. All of a sudden, a loud voice came 6 the sky. “You will find nothing under that ice,” the voice said. The drunk man was scared and looked around, but he saw no one. So he started chiseling again. Once more, the voice spoke, “As I said before, there are no fish under the ice.” Bill looked all around again, high and low, but didn’t see a single person nearby. He picked up the ice chisel and tried one more time 7 (fish). Before he could even start, the loud voice came again, “I have warned you three 8 (time) now. There are no fish here. Go away, you drunk!” Bill was very 9 (surprise). He asked the voice, “ 10 do you know there are no fish? Are you a fairy under the ice who is trying to warn me?” “No,” the voice answered, “I am the manager of this outdoor ice skating rink (溜冰场).” 【答案】1．easily 2．left 3．So 4．the 5．himself 6．from 7．to fish 8．times 9．surprised 10．How 【导语】本文讲述了比尔喝醉后去冰面上钓鱼，却频频被一位声音阻止的故事。 1．句意：而且他总是喝得太多，很容易喝醉。副词easily“容易地”修饰动词gets drunk“喝醉”。故填easily。 2．句意：当他下午离开酒吧时，他喝醉了。该句是一般过去时，动词过去式left“离开”。故填left。 3．句意：于是，他拿起渔具四处张望，发现了一大块冰。此处应该填入连词so，此处表示结果。故填So。 4．句意：这就是我要找的地方。填入定冠词“the”修饰名词“place”，特指这个地方。故填the。 5．句意：比尔对自己说。根据“Bill said to”可知，此处指的对自己说，himself“他自己”，为反身代词。故填himself。 6．句意：突然，天空中传来一个响亮的声音。根据“the sky.”可知，此处指的从天空传来声音，from“从”符合语境。故填from。 7．句意：他拿起冰凿，又试了一次钓鱼。fish“钓鱼”，根据“and tried one more time”可知，此处表示目的，填不定式，故填to fish。 8．句意：我已经警告过你三次了。time“次”，three接复数名词，故填times。 9．句意：比尔非常惊讶。根据“Bill was very”可知，此处填形容词surprised“感到惊讶的”，作表语。故填surprised。 10．句意：你怎么知道没有鱼？根据“do you know there are no fish”可知，此处是在问“怎么”知道没有鱼，how“如何，怎样”。故填How。 B (2023金华三模) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 December 22, a special day, is the shortest day of the year. Chinese people call it dongzhi. It's also one of the 1.　　　　　(cold) days in a year. On this day, people in northern China eat dumplings. They usually fill the dumplings 2.　　　　　 different vegetables and meat. Sometimes, people put a coin inside. 3.　　　　　 you happen to get the coin, you will have good luck. People see eating dumplings as a way to stay healthy. 4.　　　　　 the old saying goes, “Eating dumplings on dongzhi can help 5.　　　　　(keep) the ears from frostbite (冻疮).”  In 6.　　　　　(south) China, people eat tangyuan on the day of dongzhi. The little tangyuan balls 7.　　　　　(make) from rice. They have different 8.　　　　　(kind) of sweet fillings (馅料). People hope eating tangyuan can bring them 9.　　　　　 happy and sweet life. In some places, people also make a special kind of rice wine. The drink 10.　　　　　(bring) the body warmth on cold days.  答案　1.coldest　考查形容词的比较等级。根据空前的one of the和空后的days可知,此处为“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构,应用cold的最高级形式。故填coldest。 2.with　考查固定搭配。fill...with...意为“用……,装满……”,是固定搭配。故填with。 3.If　考查状语从句。句意:如果你碰巧得到了硬币,你会有好运。设空处应用if引导条件状语从句,句首单词首字母要大写。故填If。 4.As　考查固定用法。as the old saying goes正如老话所说,句首单词首字母要大写。故填As。 5.to keep/keep　考查动词不定式。help (to) do sth.帮助做某事,故填to keep/keep。 6.southern　考查形容词。设空处应填形容词,southern China表示“中国南方”,故填southern。 7.are made　考查被动语态。汤圆是用米制成的,是被制作,故用被动语态。时态为一般现在时,主语是复数,故填are made。 8.kinds　考查名词。different kinds of不同种类的。故填kinds。 9.a　考查冠词。此处表示带来幸福甜蜜的生活,表泛指,空处应用不定冠词。happy以辅音音素开头,故填a。 10.brings　考查主谓一致。主语The drink是单数,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填brings。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Sports 核心语法精练（形容词/副词的比较级和最高级） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 5 一.单项选择 5 二.词汇运用 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 题型一．语法选择 9 题型二 语法填空 11 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级 一、基本用法 （一）概述 英语中的形容词和副词有三个等级，即原级、比较级和最高级，以此表示人或事物的等级差别。形容词和副词的比较级用于两者之间的比较，表示“较……”或“更……一些”；形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较，表示“最……”，形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省略。 （二）比较等级的构成 形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化。 1. 规则变化 单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est High–higher–highest fast–faster– fastest 以字母e结尾的词，直接加-r或-st nice–nicer–nicest late–later–latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先把y变为i，再加-er或-est busy–busier–busiest early–earlier–earliest 以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写这个辅音字母， 再加-er或-es． hot–hotter–hottest thin–thinner–thinnest 多音节和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most difficult–more difficult–most difficult quickly–more quickly–most quickly 2. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good(好的)/ well(好地，健康的) better best bad(坏的)/ill(有病的)/ badly(坏地；恶劣地) worse worst many(许多)/ much(许多) more most little(少的) less least far(远的/地) farther(指距离)较远 further(指距离和抽象概念)较远 farthest(指距离)最远 furthest(指距离和抽象概念)最远 old(老的) older elder(指年长的) oldest eldest 二、特殊用法 （一）比较级的修饰语 1. 在比较级前常用much（……得多），even（甚至），still（更），a little（一点），a bit（有点），a lot（很多）等来修饰，表示程度进一步加深。 I am much older than my brother.我比我弟弟大得多。 Lin Ping is a little more outgoing than me.林萍比我更外向一点。 2. very, quite, too等程度副词一般只修饰形容词原级，不能修饰比较级。 This tree is very tall. 这棵树很高。 （二）形容词和副词原级比较的两种句型 1. the same as...意为“与……一致，与……相同的”。 His dream is the same as mine. 他的梦想和我的一样。 2.“as+形容词/副词原级+as...”表示……和……一样”，否定结构为“not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as”，表示“第一个人/物在……比不上第二个”。 This film is as interesting as that one. 这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。 （三）形容词与副词的比较级的常用句型结构 1. A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B. ，表示“A比B……”。 I think English is less important than maths. 我认为英语不如数学重要。 2. Which/Who+谓语动词比较级，A or B?，or连接两个选项，表示对两者的比较或选择，意为“A和B，哪个/谁更……？”。 Which is heavier, pig or an elephant? 一头猪和一头大象哪个重？ Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei? 林涛和韩梅谁的书更多？ 3. get/become+比较级+and+比较级，意为“变得越来越……”，and连接两个相同的形容词比较级，当形容词是多音节或部分双音节词时，结构变为“get/ become more and more+形容词原级”。 It's getting colder and colder when winter comes. 当冬天来临时，天气变得越来越冷。 Our hometown is getting more and more beautiful我们的家乡正变得越来越美丽。 4. the+比较级，the+比较级，意为“越……，就越……”，表示两个过程按比例同时增减。 The more, the better. 多多益善。 The harder you study, the better grades you'll get. 你学习越努力，就越能取得好成绩。 5. “主语+谓语动词+the+比较级+of the two+...”意为“主语是两者中较……的那个。”，是特指的情况。 Jack is the taller of the two. 杰克是两个人中较高的一个。 6. 主语+谓语动词+比较级+ than any other+单数名词. 表示“一个人或物比同一范围内的任何其他一个都……”。 Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国其他任何一个城市都大。 （四）形容词与副词的最高级的常用句型 形容词与副词的最高级常用于三者或三者以上人或事（物）之间的比较，在表示最高程度，即表示其中一个在某方面“最……”时使用。在句中使用时，形容词最高级前通常用the，句中常含有表示比较范围的介词of或in；of后面一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词，in后面一般接表示单位或场所的名词，常用句型结构为： 1. 主语+be+the+形容词最高级（+名词/代词）+in/of短语. 意为“……是……中最……的（……）”。 Spring is the best season of year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。 2. 主语实义动词（+the）+副词最高级+in/of短语. 意为“……是……中最……的”。 Jack works (the) hardest in our class. 在我们班杰克学习最努力。 3. 主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of短语. 意为“……是……中最…… 的……之一”。 New York is one of the biggest cities in the world. 纽约是世界上最大的城市之一。 4. 主语+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of短语. 意为“……在……中是第几……的……”。 The Yangtze River is the first longest river in our country. 长江是我们国家的第一长河。 5. Which/Who+谓语动词（+the）+最高级，A，B or C? 意为“A、B和C，哪个/谁最……？”。 Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon? 太阳地球和月球，哪一个最大？ Who runs (the) fastest, Kate, Tom or Mike? 谁跑得最快，凯特、汤姆还是迈克？ （五）比较级的替代 使用比较级时，前后两个比较项要保持一致。若前一个比较项是不可数名词，则后一个比较项可为替代词that。若前一个比较项是复数名词，则后一个比较项可为替代词those。 The weather in Nanjing is warmer than that in Beijing in winter. 在冬天南京的天气比北京暖和。 There are more students in Class 1 than those in Class2. 一班的学生比二班的学生多。 三、注意事项 1. 使用比较级的基本原则：不做比较用原级，两者比较用比较级，多者比较用最高级。 2. 比较的对象要保持前后一致。 Your coat looks more beautiful than mine. 你的大衣比我的好看。 3. 避免将主语包含在比较对象中 China is bigger than any country in Africa. （×） China is bigger than any other country in Africa. （√） 4. “a/an+比较级”表示“又一/再一更……的”。 My daughter has a doll, but she wants a bigger one. 我女儿有一个玩具娃娃，但是她还想要一个更大的。 5. 最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时，其前不用加the。 My eldest daughter is10 years old. 我最大的女儿10岁。 6. 形容词最高级前加不定冠词a，不表示比较，而表示“非常”的意思。 Spring is best season. 春天是一个非常好的季节。 7. most同形容词连用而不用the，表示“极，很，非常，十分”。 It is most useful book. 它是一本非常有用的书。 四、比较结构的同义转换 1. more...than与less...than, not as/so...as的转换 Her sister is more intelligent than her. =She is less intelligent than her sister. =She isn't as/so intelligent as her sister. 她的妹妹比她要聪明。 2. 最高级与no...more than的转换 Maths is the most difficult subject of all. =No subject is more difficult than maths. 数学是所有学科中最难的。 3. 比较级形式表示最高级意义 （1）比较级+than+ other+可数名词单数。 （2）比较级+than+anyone/anything else. （3）比较级+than+the other+可数名词复数。 （4）比较级+any of the other+可数名词复数。 一.单项选择 1.Slow cooking seems to hold the taste of the meat much 　　　.  A.good　　　　 B.well C.better　　　　 D.best 2.—Good news! The Chinese women’s football team came first in the 2022 AFC Women’s Asian Cup. —Exactly. The final is 　　　one I have ever seen.  A.a less amazing B.the most amazing C.a more amazing D.the least amazing 3.—You want to lose weight? But why? You look quite slim to me. —That may be true. But I’m 　　　than last year.  A.much heavier B.heavy enough C.much lighter D.light enough 4.Which colour do you like 　　　， purple， orange or pink?  A.well　　　　 B.good C.better　　　　 D.best 5.—Ann won first prize in this final exam. —So she did. She is so hard⁃working that she did 　　　exercises and made 　　　mistakes of all the students.  A.the most;the most　　　　 B.the least;the most C.the most;the fewest　　　　 D.the least;the fewer 6.—Compared to a printed picture， Grandpa’s painting is 　　　for our living room.  —I agree. A.suitable B.more suitable C.expensive D.more expensive 7.—Don’t be shy. Nobody can hear you unless you speak in 　　　voice.  —All right. Thanks. A.the loudest B.the lowest C.a louder D.a lower 8.Yuan Longping is considered as one of 　　　agricultural scientists in the world.  A.great B.greater C.greatest D.the greatest 9.Wang Yaping， China’s second woman astronaut， wishes every female would pick 　　　star in their own starry sky.  A.bright B.brighter C.the brightest D.brightly 10.—Bob， how do you like the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games? —Perfect. I haven’t seen a 　　　one.   A.good B.better C.best D.nice 11.、Separating litter into different groups will give us a 　　　city than before.  A.much greener B.very green C.much dirtier D.very dirty 12.Take the GPS with you， or you may become 　　　a blind man in the big desert.  A.as good as　　　　 B.as well as C.as long as　　　　 D.as soon as 13.You can achieve your dream 　　　with more efforts in your work.  A.easier B.slower C.more easily D.more slowly 二.词汇运用 1.The 　　　　　(努力) you practise， the greater progress you will make.  2.We students now use 　　　　throwaway products than before.(few)  3.Asking questions is one of the 　　　　　(最容易的) ways to lead you to active learning.  4.After a night’s rain， the mountains are much greener and the air is much 　　　　　(fresh).  5.The programme Drive less，cycle more will reduce pollution and make streets much 　　　　　(安全的).  6.The next morning he got up 　　　　　than before to practise football.(early)  7.Have you ever driven through a red traffic light? Have you ever parked in the wrong place or driven 　　　　　　(fast) than the speed limit(限制)?  8.I'm proud of being Chinese because China is one of the 　　　　　　(最伟大的) countries in the world.  9.It was the fifth day of our Italian journey. We arrived at our hotel 　　　　　　(early) than usual.  10.The Camp Fire was one of 　　　　　　(big) fires in California history.  11.It's certain that we need to eat 　　　　(更少的) sugar.  12.In Spanish you have to change the verbs (动词) for each person. But my 　　　　(big) problem of all was the pronunciation.  13.Of the three cities, Ningbo, our hometown, is the 　　　　(生机勃勃的).  14.I can’t speak too 　　　　　(high) of the beauty of Yangzhou， especially in spring.  15.Mr. King did a 　　　　　(crazy) thing than we did last week， and we were all shocked by him.  16.Humans should always learn how to live 　　　　　(peace) with other living things together.   17.Full River Red(《满江红》) is 　　　　　(exciting) film I’ve ever seen.  18.　　　　　(luck)， her family members were all fine after the flood.  19.Some people think such a problem should be dealt with 　　　　　.(peace)  20.Nora would like to be a 　　　　　(社会的) worker when she grows up.  21.With the country’s 　　　　　(far) development， there is no doubt that China will do more for world peace.  22.This is the 　　　　　(tidy) room I have ever seen. I love it very much!  23. A gentle touch on the neck makes the cat much 　　　　　(sleep).  24.When I was a little boy， I lived in the 　　　　　(south) part of the town with my grandparents.  25.The more you try to improve yourself， the 　　　　　you will feel. (happy)  题型一．语法选择 （24-25八年级上·广东广州·期中）阅读下面短文，根据语法的正确性，从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 I was walking home from work on a busy city street with lots of people. I wasn’t looking forward to 1 home because my friends were busy 2 their own business and weren’t able to spend time lazily with me. It’s then when I walked past a homeless person that I hadn’t seen before. He was moving back and forth to stay 3 and very gently asking for some change. His words for money were so quiet that I could 4 hear him. Something made me 5 , turn around and walk up to him. At the same time, some thoughts appeared in my head like, “What do you think you’re doing? You’re alone, it’s dark and you’re a woman.” Before I knew what I was doing, I asked him if he had had dinner yet and if he would like to join 6 at a nearby restaurant. He said he hadn’t eaten anything and he would like to. So, he walked with me a few yards to the restaurant and held the door 7 for me as we entered. He asked for the smallest thing on the menu, but I ordered a larger meal for him and I explained that the piece wasn’t worth worrying about. We had a good dinner and a pleasant conversation about our life like where we grew up and what kind of music we liked. We both felt very 8 . During the whole time, I just tried to say the right thing and give him the respect and care everyone has. I didn’t want to show that I was better than him. I was so grateful for this experience. I may not have met my friends that evening but I met 9 unexpected friend and the experience changed my life. It will make me think twice in the future 10 I complain (抱怨) about something I don’t have. 1．A．go B．goes C．to go D．going 2．A．with B．for C．to D．in 3．A．warmly B．warm C．warmest D．more warm 4．A．hardly B．harder C．hard D．hardest 5．A．stop B．stops C．to stop D．stopping 6．A．I B．my C．me D．mine 7．A．opened B．open C．opening D．to open 8．A．excitement B．exciting C．excited D．excitedly 9．A．/ B．the C．a D．an 10．A．though B．before C．because D．but 题型二 语法填空 A （24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Bill likes drinking beer. And he always drinks too much and gets drunk 1 (easy). One Saturday, he went to a bar and drank. When he 2 (leave) the bar in the afternoon, he was drunk. When he got home, Bill thought he should do something else for the rest of the day. He decided to go ice fishing. 3 he took his fishing gear (渔具) and went looking around and found a big patch of ice. “That’s 4 place I’m looking for. There must be lots of fish under the ice.” Bill said to 5 (he). He headed to the center of the ice and began to chisel (凿) a fishing hole. All of a sudden, a loud voice came 6 the sky. “You will find nothing under that ice,” the voice said. The drunk man was scared and looked around, but he saw no one. So he started chiseling again. Once more, the voice spoke, “As I said before, there are no fish under the ice.” Bill looked all around again, high and low, but didn’t see a single person nearby. He picked up the ice chisel and tried one more time 7 (fish). Before he could even start, the loud voice came again, “I have warned you three 8 (time) now. There are no fish here. Go away, you drunk!” Bill was very 9 (surprise). He asked the voice, “ 10 do you know there are no fish? Are you a fairy under the ice who is trying to warn me?” “No,” the voice answered, “I am the manager of this outdoor ice skating rink (溜冰场).” B (2023金华三模) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 December 22, a special day, is the shortest day of the year. Chinese people call it dongzhi. It's also one of the 1.　　　　　(cold) days in a year. On this day, people in northern China eat dumplings. They usually fill the dumplings 2.　　　　　 different vegetables and meat. Sometimes, people put a coin inside. 3.　　　　　 you happen to get the coin, you will have good luck. People see eating dumplings as a way to stay healthy. 4.　　　　　 the old saying goes, “Eating dumplings on dongzhi can help 5.　　　　　(keep) the ears from frostbite (冻疮).”  In 6.　　　　　(south) China, people eat tangyuan on the day of dongzhi. The little tangyuan balls 7.　　　　　(make) from rice. They have different 8.　　　　　(kind) of sweet fillings (馅料). People hope eating tangyuan can bring them 9.　　　　　 happy and sweet life. In some places, people also make a special kind of rice wine. The drink 10.　　　　　(bring) the body warmth on cold days.  1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$