题型二 阅读理解-【学霸黑白题】2025-2026学年高一上学期英语

学霸·黑白题英语·高一士 way.I was slightly nervous,but I tried not to let it 5 me. I needed to be 6.It was a beautiful September morning,and as I climbed higher,I could hear the 7 of tourists chatting and laughing on the summit().But between me and the8 was a blank slab of granite(花岗岩平板).There were no edges to hold on to,just a vertical(垂直的)wall.I had to trust the friction(摩力)between my climbing shoes and the wall,carefully climbing my way 9. Then I reached a foothold that I didn't quite trust.I changed my 10 and tried a foot further out.It seemed even 11 I started to panic().My mind was 12 in every direction.I knew what I had to do,but I was too 13 I just had to stand up on my right foot. And after what felt like a century,I accepted what I had to do and I stood up on the right foot, and it didn't slip().I didn't die.And that move 14 the end of the hardest climbing. Eventually,I could enjoy the sound of the birds singing around.It all felt like a 15. )1.A.contributed to B.built up C.took in D.stuck with )2.A.typical B.familiar C.extreme D.challenging )3.A.prevent B.skip C.perform D.remember ( )4.A.unsurprisingly B.frequently C.excitingly D.conveniently )5.A.attack B.strengthen C.influence D.approach )6.A.sharp B.curious C.calm D.satisfied ( )7.A.languages B.cries C.words D.sounds ( )8.A.summit B.mountain C.position D.entrance )9.A.downward B.upward C.inward D.outward ( )10.A.fingers B.eyes C.feet D.ears ( )11.A.better B.safer C.worse D.easier ( )12.A.floating B.stretching C.waving D.racing ( )13.A.afraid B.brave C.busy D.surprised )14.A.waved B.marked C.warned D.reminded )15.A.celebration B.shame C.romance D.horror 题型二 阅读理解 一、解题思路 (一)解题步骤 1.从题目中找关键词：一般理解题从题干中找关键词：整体理解题从选项中找关键词。 2.回原文定位线索句：根据关键词定位答案出处：遵守“顺序出题”，从头到尾、按段出题。 04 题型二学霸·黑白题 3.通过推理得出答案：一般根据线索句可推知答案；若无线索句，则看上下文语境和段首尾主旨句。 (二)解题策略 1.细节理解题： 定位关键词、比对选项（注意语义转换的情况）、排除干扰项。 【注意】切记忠于原文原句，不能主观臆断。 2.推理判断题： (1)推断隐含意义，排除原文直接叙述的选项。 (2)根据话题内容，关键信息判断文章出处。 (3)根据文章的体裁推断不同的写作目的。 (4)根据人物话语，描写环境、表达感情色彩、观点或态度的词句，推断文中人物或作者的 观点或态度。 【注意】切勿用自己的观点代替作者或文中人物的观点：判断题目考查的是作者的观点或 态度还是文中人物的观点或态度。 3.词义猜测题/句意理解题： 利用构词法、语法关系、逻辑关系、上下文语境、生活常识、文化背景等来猜出单词、短语 或句子的意思。 4.主旨大意题： (1)段落中心句一般在段落首尾。 (2)从文章的首尾段和段落的首尾句来寻找文章的中心句。 (3)从中心句提炼段落或文章的主题或高频词，确定段落主旨、文章主旨，进行标题归纳。 二、拆解训练 细节理解 练习1(2024·山东青岛期末)The soup kitchen sees many volunteers,some of whom are new,while others have been around since the organization's early days.They learn how to cook, interact with people from all walks of life,pick up different languages,gain greater knowledge about social issues,and most importantly,they will form a strong tie with one another.Through Willing Hearts,Mr Tay hopes to make "the country's backyard"known to the younger generation,to allow them to see and experience firsthand what goes on behind closed doors. ()2.What is the biggest harvest for volunteers? A.Cooking skills. B.Learning languages. C.Working experience. D.Connecting with people. 练习2(2025·江苏盐城期末)With China's ecological environment improving,there have been more wild boars()across the country,leading to more human-wildlife fights. ( )1.What problem is caused by the increase in wild boar populations? A.Fights with humans. B.Environmental damage. C.Harms to other animals. D.Overuse of farmland. 0544 学霸·黑白题英语·高一上 推理判断 练习3(2025·江苏泰州期末)Southern Africa is thought to become drier and hotter under climate changes,so waterholes across this area will likely be drier for more months of the year. Our findings point to the potential negative effects on water quantity and quality,and the dangers to animals.Meanwhile,the findings also show the bad need to observe carefully overall water quality across all waterbodies,including the smallest ones. ()4.What do the findings suggest in the last paragraph? A.Water quality needs to be monitored. B.Satellite technology requires to be studied. C.The area will become more suitable for elephants. D.Waterholes will suffer serious drought throughout the year. 练习4(2025·浙江宁波期末)A student in Rasgon's lab noticed that male mosquitoes would sometimes feed on blood in a tray covered by a thin artificial membrane()when researchers took away water.Rasgon wanted to know if thirsty males would try to get blood from a person,so he stuck his hand in cages containing male mosquitoes.Hydrated males mostly ignored him,but dehydrated males would land and examine his skin.One even bit him but hardly got into the first layer of the skin."I was shocked,says Rasgon. ()3.What didn't Rasgon expect in his research? A.Male mosquitoes would be able to bite deeply into human skin. B.Male mosquitoes would try to drink human blood when dehydrated. C.Female mosquitoes would become interested in blood when hydrated. D.Female mosquitoes would prefer water over blood meals when dehydrated. 词义猜测 练习5(2025·北京密云期末)End-to-end encryption is here for you,which refers to a digital protection for online communication.It is used by major messaging apps and services to safeguard users'privacy.Although end-to-end encryption effectively protects the safety of messages,it is not foolproof against all network dangers.I believe that continuous progress in encryption will finally help it deal with all network dangers.And understanding end-to-end encryption is important for keeping privacy in people's digital lives. ()2.What does the underlined word"foolproof"in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Typical. B.Perfect. C.Magical. D.Important. 练习6(2024·山东青岛期末)As a non-profit organization,Willing Hearts depends heavily on donations and food collections.However,this does not faze Mr Tay.He believes that you have to let things flow in gradually,and not be stopped by concerns which create an 06 题型二学霸·黑白题 unnecessary amount of stress.He calls the volunteers of Willing Hearts the organization's eyes and ears,as they are always on the lookout for the poor to lend a hand. ()3.What does the underlined word "faze"in Paragraph 4 mean? A.Satisfy. B.Trouble. C.Hurt. D.Push. 主旨大意 练习7(2024·山东青岛期末)Every morning at5:00a,m,when most people are asleep,a figure would be busy in the kitchen,cooking meals until the rest of the volunteers arrive.Day in and day out,Mr Tay and his team prepare,cook,pack and deliver the food to various parts of the island. His journey started when one of his neighbors,Lisa,asked him to collect vegetables and give them away at Bukit Ho Swee,a poor and less-privileged neighborhood,and thus,he continued to do so for a period of time.During one of these visits,his wife noticed that the elderly folk did not take the vegetables.Asked why,one replied that she could not cook,so she only ate the rice delivered to her.Mrs Tay then offered to cook for her,and that single meal sparked Willing Hearts,which has since served about 650,000 meals. The soup kitchen sees many volunteers,some of whom are new,while others have been around since the organization's early days.They learn how to cook,interact with people from all walks of life,pick up different languages,gain greater knowledge about social issues,and most importantly,they will form a strong tie with one another.Through Willing Hearts,Mr Tay hopes to make"the country's backyard"known to the younger generation,to allow them to see and experience firsthand what goes on behind closed doors. As a non-profit organization,Willing Hearts depends heavily on donations and food collections.However,this does not faze Mr Tay.He believes that you have to let things flow in gradually,and not be stopped by concerns which create an unnecessary amount of stress.He calls the volunteers of Willing Hearts the organization's eyes and ears,as they are always on the lookout for the poor to lend a hand. )4.What is the passage mainly about? A.Mr Tay and his wife. B.Ways of helping others. C.Importance of volunteering. D.Stories behind Willing Hearts. 三、题型训练 (2024·浙江杭州期中)The world is warming up and humans are the cause,and that means it's up to us to stop it.The burning of oil and coal is one huge cause,and clean energy sources are needed greatly if we're going to make any meaningful changes.But where is all of this clean 0744 学霸·黑白题英语·高一上 energy going to come from?Denmark seems to have an idea. In Europe,Denmark provides more oil than any other country,but that's going to change. The country has promised to stop oil production within the next 30 years,but that means it's going to need to get its energy from somewhere else.To that end,Denmark has planned to build a man-made island off its coast. As Fast Com pany reports,the plan will include the building of the island itself as well as up to6o0 wind turbines(涡轮机)to pick up ocean winds and change them into electricity(电).The island will have a size of 20 football fields and will have turbines around it and send power to huge batteries()that can store power for whenever it's needed.All told,the island should be able to provide power for as many as three million homes,but as more batteries are added,that stored power could be provided for even more homes and businesses. "The island is expected to cost about $34 billion,which is really a lot of money.However, as countries begin to use more green energy,the ones that produce more of it will have the chance to sell it to other countries.As oil and coal burning is not allowed worldwide,those that don't produce enough green energy might be forced to buy up power from their greener neighbors,"said Fast Com pany. ()1.Which of the following words can best describe Denmark's action? A.Worrying. B.Brave. C.Responsible. D.Confusing. ()2.What will the man-made island serve as? A.An energy center. B.A living center. C.A research center. D.A tour center. ()3.What do Fast Com pany's words in the last paragraph mean? A.The project will be welcomed by all countries. B.The project will attract more countries'attention. C.They have collected enough money for the project. D.They need other countries'help to finish the project. ()4.What could be the best title for the passage? A.Denmark Will Become a Greener Country B.Denmark Is Going to Stop Providing Oil C.Denmark Will Sell Its Green Energy to Other Countries D.Denmark Will Build a Man-made Island to Produce Energy (二) (2024·河南洛阳期末)Every day,as I took long walks through North Vancouver,I would think about the potential joys of a physically closer network.Wouldn't it be great to have 08 题型二学霸·黑白题 someone who could join me at a moment's notice?How good would it be to have more non- scheduled hangs instead of ones that had to be planned weeks in advance? This doesn't have to be just a dream.Although technology is making it easier to maintain long-distance connections,nothing can replace seeing friends in person.Researchers have found that happiness spreads“like an emotional contagion(传染)”，especially among those who live close together. Friends who live in the same city could decide to move within walking distance of one another-the same neighborhood,block,or even apartment building.Doing so would likely involve a lot of effort,but the resulting community could pay emotional dividends for years. Doing so would make it easier to support one another materially and emotionally. Moving close to your friends requires some masterminding.Cities can make doing so easier by ending single-family zoning codes and encouraging a variety of housing types in neighborhoods.But even without official policies,people can make it work on their own.Sam Unger,32,a food scientist and a friend of mine,has created a chosen family like this in Montreal,where about 15 of her friends live within walking distance of one another.When someone moves away,they try to transfer(移交)their lease(租约)to other friends..And when pals based elsewhere in the city are looking to move,Unger will try selling them on the positives of her neighborhood and sometimes even look for housing for them."It's funny,"she told me. "The other day,I bought a fire extinguisher,and she's like,'Oh,well,I have one.You could just call me if you had a fire,and I'd be right over with it.' ()1.What kind of lifestyle does the author prefer? A.Alone. B.Modern. C.Scheduled. D.Free. )2.What does the underlined word "dividends"in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A.Needs. B.Benefits. C.States. D.Effects. ()3.Why does the author mention Sam Unger? A.To tell Sam Unger has a talent in business. B.To prove people can move closer on their own. C.To show how important the official policies are. D.To suggest how one can get on well with others. ()4.What's the best title for the passage? A.Live Closer to Your Friends B.The Internet Brings People Closer C.A Way to Maintain Relationships D.Technology Harms Friendships 0944学霸·黑白题英语·高一上 声音。由此可推测，作者离山顶很近，中间只 隔着一块花岗岩平板。故选A。 9.B考查副词词义辨析。downward向 下；upward向上；inward向内；outward向外。 根据上文内容可知，作者需要爬过一块空白的 花岗岩平板，才能到达山顶，所以作者是在往 上攀爬。故选B。 10.C考查名词词义辨析。句意：我换了 一只脚，试着向外走一英尺。fingers手指； eyes眼睛；feet脚；ears耳朵。根据下文“tried a foot further out'”可知，作者是换了一只脚， 试着向外走。故选C。 11.C考查形容词比较级词义辨析。 better更好的：safer更安全的：worse更糟的； easier更容易的。根据下文“I started to panic.”可知，事情变得更糟糕了。故选C。 12.D考查动词词义辨析。floating漂 浮：stretching伸展：waving挥动：racing赛跑，快 速运转。根据下文“I knew what I had to do,but I was too13”可知，作者知道该怎么做，但太 害怕了，思绪乱转。故选D。 13.A考查形容词词义辨析。afraid害 怕的：brave勇敢的；busy忙碌的；surprised惊 讶的。根据上文“I started to panic.”可知，作 者感到太害怕了。故选A。 14.B考查动词词义辨析。waved挥动； marked做标记，打分；warned警告；reminded 提醒。根据上文“And after what felt like a century,I accepted what I had to do and I stood up on the right foot,and it didn't slip." 以及空后“the end of the hardest climbing”可 知，作者成功了，没有滑倒，也没有丧失生命， 所以说作者右脚站立且没有滑倒标志着作者 艰难攀岩的结束。故选B。 4 15.A考查名词词义辨析。celebration庆 祝；shame羞愧：romance浪漫；horror恐怖。 根据上文“Eventually,I could enjoy the sound of the birds singing around..”可知，作者觉得能 够欣赏周围鸟儿歌唱的声音就像一场庆祝，庆 祝自己攀岩的成功。故选A。 题型二阅读理解 二、拆解训练 练习1D细节理解题。根据“They learn how to cook ..most importantly,they will form a strong tie with one another.”可知l, 最重要的是，志愿者之间建立了一种牢固的联 系。故志愿者最大的收获是与人的联系。故 选D 练习2A细节理解题。根据“With China's ecological environment improving, there have been more wild boars across the country,leading to more human-wildlife fights..(随着中国生态环境的改善，全国各地出 现了更多的野猪，导致更多人类与野生动物之 间的冲突。)”可知，野猪数量增加导致了更多 人与野生动物的争斗。故选A。 练习3A推理判断题。根据最后一段 "Meanwhile,the findings also show the bad need to observe carefully overall water quality across all waterbodies,including the smallest onCs.(同时，研究结果还表明，有必要仔细观察 所有水体的整体水质，包括最小的水体。)”可 知，最后一段的调查结果表明水质需要监测。 故选A。 练习4B推理判断题。第二段的大意 是：Rasgon实验室的一名学生注意到，当研究 人员取走水时，雄性蚊子有时会以用人造薄膜 覆盖的托盘里的血液为食。Rasgon想知道口 渴的雄蚊是否会试图从人身上吸血，所以他把 手伸进装有雄蚊的笼子里。水分充足的雄性 大多不理会他，但脱水的雄性会降落并检查他 的皮肤。有一只甚至咬了他一口，但几乎没有 咬到他的第一层皮肤。“我很震惊，”Rasgon 说。据此可知，Rasgon在研究中没有预料到 的是雄性蚊子在脱水时会尝试喝人血。故 选B。 练习5B词义猜测题。根据画线词上 文的让步状语从句“Although end--to-end encryption effectively protects the safety of messages(虽然端到端加密有效地保护了消息 的安全)”可知，“it is not foolproof against all network dangers(它并非foolproof防范所有 网络危险)”与上文构成转折关系，即端到端加 密有效地保护了消息的安全，但并不能完全防 范所有网络危险，可推测foolproof意为“完美 的，完全的”，与perfect意思一致。故选B。 练习6B词义猜测题。根据“Asa non-profit organization,Willing Hearts .. which create an unnecessary amount of stress..”可知，尽管这个非营利组织主要依靠捐 赠，但是Tay先生认为必须让事情逐渐发展， 不要被那些制造不必要压力的担优所阻止，即 这件事不让他烦恼。因此推断faze的意思是 “使烦恼”，trouble与之词义相近。故选B。 练习7D主旨大意题。根据文章内容 可知，第一段主要描述了Willing Hearts里的 工作；第二段主要讲述了建立Willing Hearts 的渊源；第三段主要讲述了志愿者；第四段主 要讲述了Willing Hearts面临的困难以及存在 的意义一总是在寻找穷人并伸出援助之手。 故本文围绕着Willing Hearts,主要讲述了 Willing Hearts作为一个非营利组织帮助穷人 的故事。故选D。 答案详解学霸·黑白题 三、题型训练 (-)1~4CABD 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介 绍了丹麦计划在其海岸外建造一座人造岛屿 来生产能源。 1.C推理判断题。由文章第一段“The world is warming up and humans are the cause, and that means it's up to us to stop it .. Denmark seems to have an idea.”可推知，丹麦这 种表现是为了使用清洁能源，应对气候变暖，是 负责任的。故选C。 2.A细节理解题。由文章第二段“The country ..means it's going to need to get its energy ..Denmark has planned to build a man-made island off its coast..”可知，丹麦计划 在其海岸外建造一座人造岛屿是为了将它作 为能源中心。故选A。 3.B推理判断题。由文章最后一段“As oil and coal burning is not allowed worldwide .. buy up power from their greener neighbors'”可 知，没有生产足够绿色能源的国家可能会被迫 从更环保的邻国那里购买电力。由此可推断， 丹麦该清洁能源的项目将吸引更多国家的关 注。故选B。 4.D标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章 主要介绍了丹麦为了解决能源问题将要修建 一座人造岛屿的事情。所以D项符合文章主 旨，适合作本文标题。故选D。 (二)14DBBA 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介 绍了和朋友住得近会带来很多的益处。 1.D推理判断题。根据第一段 "Wouldn't it be great...instead of ones that had to be planned weeks in advance?”"可知，作 者喜欢有朋友相伴，且不喜欢按照计划行事的 54 学霸·黑白题英语·高一上 生活方式。由此推断出，作者喜欢自由的生 活。故选D。 2.B词义猜测题。根据第三段“Doing so would make it easier to support one another materially and emotionally.”可知，和朋友住得 近一些可以带来许多物质和情感上的好处，从 而推断出dividends和B项“好处”意思一致， 符合句意。故选B。 3.B推理判断题。根据最后一段“But even without official policies,people can make it work on their own.”可推断，作者提到Sam Unger的目的是想要证明人们可以凭借自己 的努力住在朋友身边。故选B。 4.A标题归纳题。根据第三段“Doing so would likely involve a lot of effort ..to support one another materially and emotionally." 以及最后一段“Moving close to your friends requires some masterminding.”可知，本文主要 讲述了和朋友住得近产生的好处以及举例让 朋友住得近的做法。A项“住得离朋友近点” 符合文章主旨。故选A。 题型三阅读七选五 二、拆解训练 练习1F前文“If we are too optimistic,there's a chance we can leave ourselves open to danger.Kate says that if a situation has a big risk,a pessimist is more likely to think about the worst..”提到乐观可能 招致危险，而悲观主义更利于防范风险：后文 "Then we should think if we are using our optimism or pessimism well..”提到接下来的步 骤是思考对乐观或悲观的利用情况。因此F 项“She suggests that first we should always check our responses to a situation.”符合语境， 指出第一个步骤是检查自己的反应，承前启 6 后，其中选项中的“a situation”对应前文的“a situation”。故选F。 练习2D根据上文“Modern travel is quickly growing and the industry is trying to keep up.Yet the flight delays,an increase in terrible weather,and local concern about overtourism have caused headaches for travellers.”可知，前文提到航班延误，恶劣天气 和当地对过度旅游的担忧给旅行者带来困扰， D项“它们使获得旅行的快乐和惊奇感变得困 难。”承接上文，符合语境，They指代上文提到 的几种情况。故选D。 练习3A该空总结下文，选取小标题。 首先根据上下文可判断第5空是填写本段小标 题，句式与上一段的小标题“Give academic help” 一致，故判断选A或者B。根据下文“Is your home ready for a refresh?Try something like: You are an indoor designer.Please provide me with 10 ideas for my bathroom that make use of natural wood..”可知，这里讲人工智能在设计方 面的应用。A项“Get design ideas(获得设计理 念)”能概括本段内容。故选A。 练习4F前文“At the end of each day, go over what you've learned.Reviewing notes and reflecting on your progress can help you understand areas for improvement.This habit allows you to organize what you've learned and strengthen your understanding..”讲述回顾 一天学过的内容是有帮助的，结合后文 "Developing such a habit ensures steady progress and success over time.”可推断，这一 段讨论复习和反思的重要性，因此选择F项 “定期复习笔记可以加深你的记忆力。”符合语 境，承上启下，说明养成定期复习的习惯可以 确保稳步进步和成功。故选F。