Unit 1 Wise men in history 人与社会：著名人物（话题阅读精练）英语沪教牛津版九年级上册

Unit 1 Wise men in history 著名人物 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 268 讲述了吴孟超和袁隆平两位伟人一生奉献医学和农业，拯救生命、解决饥饿问题，他们的逝世让全国悲痛，彰显了其伟大精神。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 275 介绍了中国第二批宇航员陈冬将完成三次太空旅行，还阐述了神舟20号任务的科学实验与太空行走等内容 。 真题示例 Passage A 阅读理解 记叙文 336 主要讲述了美国职业棒球大联盟首位黑人球员Jackie Robinson的生平事迹及为人权事业所做的贡献。 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 287 主要讲述了商鞅立木取信的故事。 模拟演练 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 253 介绍了中国工程院院士黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他领导设计中国第一艘核潜艇、获得共和国勋章等荣誉，以及他对国家科技发展的贡献。 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 302 讲述了著名书法家王羲之成名的故事。 Passage C 阅读理解 说明文 296 介绍了中国古代几位杰出人物，包括孔子、李冰、张骞、杜甫和李时珍，强调了他们在各个领域的重要贡献，也彰显了他们关心百姓、造福于民的精神。 Passage D 六选五 记叙文 286 主要讲述了“杂交谷子之父”赵治海在谷子研究方面的成就和贡献。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 · Where there is a will, there is a way.（有志者，事竟成。—— 中国谚语） · Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety - nine percent perspiration.（天才是百分之一的灵感加百分之九十九的汗水。——Thomas A. Edison / 托马斯・阿尔瓦・爱迪生 ） · Knowledge is power.（知识就是力量。——Francis Bacon / 弗朗西斯・培根 ） · Never, never, never, never give up.（永远不要、不要、不要、不要放弃。——Winston Churchill / 温斯顿・丘吉尔 ） · Honesty is the best policy.（诚实为上策。——Benjamin Franklin / 本杰明・富兰克林 ） · All roads lead to Rome.（条条大路通罗马。—— 西方谚语 ） · Practice makes perfect.（熟能生巧。—— 西方谚语 ） · The reading of all good books is like a conversation with the finest men of past centuries.（读好书，如同与先哲们交谈。——René Descartes / 勒内・笛卡尔 ） · United we stand, divided we fall.（团结则存，分裂则亡。——Aesop / 伊索 ） · Man struggles upwards; water flows downwards.（人往高处走，水往低处流。—— 中国谚语 ） 时文阅读 Passage A At 1:02 p.m. on May 22, 2021, liver (肝) surgeon (外科医生) Wu Mengchao, 99, died in Shanghai. He was 1 as the founder of hepatobiliary (肝胆的) surgery in the country and was the teacher of about 80% of the nation’s experts and doctors working on liver surgery today. Wu operated on thousands of patients, and 2 at least 16,000 lives. Five minutes later, with family members singing his favorite songs softly to him in Changsha, agricultural scientist Yuan Longping 3 at the age of 91. He was famous as “the father of hybrid rice”, who helped lift the nation out of 4 . The two devoted their lives to saving and improving people’s lives. Together with generations of their students, they not only made a big 5 to the lives of Chinese people, but also many living in other 6 and least-developed countries. Keeping that medical science is humanity, Wu would lose his temper in operating rooms even in his 90s 7 his assistants (助手) did not use the medicines with the best cost-performance to help patients save money. Working in paddy fields (稻田) for decades, Yuan’s lifelong dream was always to make the Chinese people be 8 to fill their own bowls with rice. He was still 9 about his experimental fields and the weather conditions during the last few days of his life. What makes Wu and Yuan great is their love for the people. The public’s great grief at their deaths 10 how much their down-to-earth dedication (奉献) 11 to improving people’s lives touched hearts throughout the country. 1．A．known B．founded C．born D．made 2．A．saved B．achieved C．considered D．killed 3．A．caught up B．put off C．passed away D．took care 4．A．drought B．hunger C．health D．education 5．A．influence B．joke C．mess D．difference 6．A．wealthy B．developing C．large D．modern 7．A．where B．why C．when D．whether 8．A．able B．difficult C．special D．interesting 9．A．arguing B．complaining C．asking D．moving 10．A．forgets B．warns C．believes D．shows 【答案与解析】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了吴孟超和袁隆平两位伟人一生奉献医学和农业，拯救生命、解决饥饿问题，他们的逝世让全国悲痛，彰显了其伟大精神。 1．句意：他被认为是中国肝胆外科的创始人。 known被称为；founded创立；born出生；made制造。根据“as the founder of hepatobiliary (肝胆的) surgery in the country”可知，吴孟超被认为是中国肝胆外科的创始人，故选A。 2．句意：吴孟超为数千名患者做过手术，至少挽救了16000条生命。 save挽救；achieved实现；considered考虑；killed杀害。根据“Wu operated on thousands of patients”可知，吴孟超为患者做手术，所以是挽救生命，故选A。 3．句意：五分钟后，在长沙，家人轻声为他唱着他最喜欢的歌，农业科学家袁隆平去世，享年91岁。 caught up赶上；put off推迟；passed away去世；took care照顾。根据“at the age of 91”以及前文提到吴孟超去世，可知这里说的是袁隆平也去世了，故选C。 4．句意：他作为“杂交水稻之父”而闻名，他帮助国家摆脱了饥饿。 drought干旱；hunger饥饿；health 健康；education教育。根据“the father of hybrid rice”可知，杂交水稻能解决粮食问题，让国家摆脱饥饿，故选B。 5．句意：他们和几代学生一起，不仅对中国人民的生活产生了重大影响，也对许多其他发展中国家和最不发达国家的人民的生活产生了重大影响。 influence影响；joke玩笑；mess混乱；difference差异。根据“made a big...to the lives of Chinese people”可知，是对生活产生重大影响，make a difference to为固定搭配，故选D。 6．句意：他们和几代学生一起，不仅对中国人民的生活产生了重大影响，也对许多其他发展中国家和最不发达国家的人民的生活产生了重大影响。 wealthy富裕的；developing发展中的；large大的；modern现代的。根据“least-developed countries”可知，这里说的是发展中国家，故选B。 7．句意：吴孟超坚持医学就是人性，即使在90多岁的时候，当他的助手没有使用性价比最高的药物来帮助病人省钱时，他也会在手术室里发脾气。 where在哪里；why为何；when当……时候；whether是否。根据“his assistants (助手) did not use the medicines with the best cost-performance to help patients save money”可知，这是他发脾气的时间条件，故选C。 8．句意：在稻田里工作了几十年，袁隆平毕生的梦想始终是让中国人民能够用自己的米饭装满自己的碗。 able能够；difficult困难的；special特殊的；interesting有趣的。根据“fill their own bowls with rice”可知，是能够用米饭装满碗，be able to为固定搭配，故选A。 9．句意：在他生命的最后几天里，他仍然在询问他的试验田和天气情况。 arguing争论； complaining抱怨；asking询问；moving移动。根据“about his experimental fields and the weather conditions”可知，是询问试验田和天气情况，故选C。 10．句意：公众对他们的逝世感到巨大悲痛，这表明他们为改善人民生活所做的脚踏实地的奉献是多么触动全国人民的心。 forgets忘记；warns警告；believes相信；shows表明。根据“how much their down-to-earth dedication (奉献) to improving people’s lives touched hearts throughout the country”可知，公众的悲痛表明了他们的奉献触动了人心，故选D。 长难句解析 原句：（第三段第二句）Together with generations of their students, they not only made a big difference to the lives of Chinese people, but also many living in other developing and least-developed countries. 译文：他们与几代学生一起，不仅对中国人民的生活产生了重大影响，也对许多其他发展中国家和最不发达国家的人民的生活产生了影响。 分析：“Together with generations of their students” 为伴随状语，“not only...but also...” 连接两个并列宾语 “the lives of Chinese people” 和 “many living in other developing and least-developed countries”，其中 “living in...” 为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “many”（指代 “people”）。 长难句解析 原句：（第三段第二句）Working in paddy fields for decades, Yuan’s lifelong dream was always to make the Chinese people be able to fill their own bowls with rice. 译文：在稻田里工作了几十年，袁隆平毕生的梦想始终是让中国人民能够用自己的稻米装满饭碗。 分析：“Working in paddy fields for decades”为现在分词做状语，主句部分为“Yuan’s lifelong dream（主语）+ was（系动词）+ to make sb. do...（不定式作表语）。”其中“make sb. be able to do sth.意为“使某人能够做某事”。 译文 2021 年 5 月 22 日下午 1 点 02 分，99 岁的肝脏外科医生吴孟超在上海逝世。他被公认为中国肝胆外科的创始人，如今全国约 80% 从事肝脏外科的专家和医生都是他的学生。吴孟超为数千名患者主刀，至少挽救了 1.6 万条生命。 五分钟后，在长沙，家人轻声为他唱起他最爱的歌时，91 岁的农业科学家袁隆平与世长辞。他以 “杂交水稻之父” 闻名，帮助国家摆脱了饥饿。 两位伟人将一生致力于拯救和改善人民的生活。他们与几代学生一起，不仅对中国人民的生活产生了重大影响，也对许多其他发展中国家和最不发达国家的人民的生活产生了影响。 吴孟超坚持 “医学即人道”，即使在 90 多岁时，当助手没有使用性价比最高的药物来帮助病人省钱时，他仍会在手术室里发脾气。 在稻田里耕耘数十年，袁隆平毕生的梦想始终是让中国人民能够用自己的稻米装满饭碗。在他生命的最后几天，他仍在询问试验田的情况和天气状况。 吴孟超和袁隆平的伟大之处在于他们对人民的热爱。公众对他们逝世的巨大悲痛，表明他们为改善人民生活所付出的脚踏实地的奉献，在多大程度上触动了全国人民的心。 Key words and phrases 词汇 surgeon /ˈsɜːrdʒən/n. 外科医生 founder /ˈfaʊndər/n. 创始人 operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 做手术 devote /dɪˈvoʊt/v. 奉献 hybrid rice 杂交水稻 humanity /hjuːˈmænəti/n. 人性 temper /ˈtempər/n. 脾气 paddy field 稻田 experimental /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentl/adj. 实验性的 grief /ɡriːf/n. 悲痛 down-to-earth adj. 脚踏实地的 dedication /ˌdedɪˈkeɪʃn/n. 奉献 短语 1. be known as 被称为…… 2. operate on sb. 为某人做手术 3. save one’s life 挽救某人的生命 4. devote...to... 将…… 奉献给…… 5. make a difference to 对…… 产生影响 6. lose one’s temper 发脾气 7. be able to do sth. 能够做某事 Passage B （2025·江苏扬州·三模） On April 24, 2025, China sent the Shenzhou-20 manned spaceship into space. This day marks the 10th anniversary (周年) of “China Space Day,” a time to celebrate the country’s space achievements. It all started with China’s first satellite, Dongfanghong-1, launched in 1970. The mission carried three astronauts: Chen Dong (the team leader), Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie. Chen Dong is an experienced astronaut who has been to space twice before (on Shenzhou-11 in 2016 and Shenzhou-14 in 2022). He will become the first astronaut from China’s second group to complete three space trips. The other two astronauts are new to space and will work as pilots and engineers. The Shenzhou-20 team will stay in China's space station for about six months. They have three main tasks: Crew（机组人员）Chang’e: They will replace the Shenzhou-19 astronauts, who have been in space for over 150 days. Those astronauts will return to Earth on April 29. Science Experiments: The crew will study how living things survive in space. For example, they will watch zebrafish (to learn about bone and heart health in low gravity), planarian worms (China’s first experiment on how animals regrow body parts in space), and streptomyces (tiny living things used in making medicine). These tests aim to solve problems for future long trips in space. Spacewalks: The astronauts will put in equipment (设备), fix the station, and test new technologies outside the spaceship. During their mission, the astronauts will welcome the Tianzhou-9 supply ship and the Shenzhou-21 manned mission. This will help keep supplies and teamwork going smoothly. They plan to come back to Earth in late October 2025 at the Dongfeng Landing Site. 1．What makes Chen Dong special in the Shenzhou-20 mission? A．He is the team leader of Shenzhou-19. B．He has the least space experience in the crew. C．He will be the first second-group astronaut to finish three space trips. D．He will lead the Shenzhou-21 manned mission. 2．How does Shenzhou-20 mission contribute to future long-term space exploration? A．By doing experiments on living things in low gravity. B．By organizing celebrations for the 10th anniversary of China Space Day. C．By returning the Shenzhou-19 astronauts to Earth. D．By only replacing the Shenzhou-19 astronauts without any other research. 3．Why do they study zebrafish in space? A．To make new medicines with tiny living things B．To learn about bone and heart health in low gravity. C．To see how animals regrow body parts. D．To study the swimming speed of zebrafish in space. 4．Which task is NOT mentioned for crew during spacewalks? A．Putting in equipment outside the spaceship. B．Fixing the space station. C．Testing new technologies. D．Doing medical operations on animals. 【答案与解析】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国第二批宇航员陈冬将完成三次太空旅行，还阐述了神舟20号任务的科学实验与太空行走等内容 。 1．细节理解题。根据“Chen Dong is an experienced astronaut who has been to space twice before...He will become the first astronaut from China's second group to complete three space trips.”可知，陈东的特殊之处在于他将成为中国第二批宇航员中完成三次太空旅行的第一人。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Science Experiments: The crew will study how living things survive in space. For example, they will watch zebrafish (to learn about bone and heart health in low gravity)…These tests aim to solve problems for future long trips in space”可知，神舟20号任务通过在低重力环境下对生物进行实验，来为未来长期太空探索解决问题。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“they will watch zebrafish (to learn about bone and heart health in low gravity)”可知，研究斑马鱼是为了了解低重力环境下骨骼和心脏的健康情况。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Spacewalks: The astronauts will put in equipment, fix the station, and test new technologies outside the spaceship.”可知，句中提到了太空行走的任务包括安装设备、维修空间站和测试新技术。选项D“对动物进行医疗手术”，文中未提及。故选D。 长难句解析 原句：（第二段第三句）Chen Dong is an experienced astronaut who has been to space twice before (on Shenzhou-11 in 2016 and Shenzhou-14 in 2022). 译文：陈东是一位经验丰富的宇航员，此前已两次进入太空（2016 年执行神舟十一号任务，2022 年执行神舟十四号任务）。 分析：主干结构：Chen Dong（主语）+ is（系动词）+ an experienced astronaut（表语）。 定语从句：who has been to space twice before（修饰 “astronaut”，关系代词 who 作主语）。 补充说明：括号内内容为两次太空任务的具体时间和任务名称，作状语。 译文 2025 年 4 月 24 日，中国将神舟二十号载人飞船送入太空。这一天恰逢 “中国航天日” 十周年，该节日旨在庆祝国家的航天成就。这一切始于 1970 年中国发射的第一颗卫星 “东方红一号”。 此次任务搭载了三名宇航员：指令长陈东、陈忠瑞和王杰。陈东是一位经验丰富的宇航员，此前已两次进入太空（2016 年执行神舟十一号任务，2022 年执行神舟十四号任务）。他将成为中国第二批宇航员中首位完成三次太空飞行的人。另外两名宇航员是太空新手，将担任飞行员和工程师。 神舟二十号乘组将在中国空间站驻留约六个月，他们有三项主要任务： 机组人员轮换（嫦娥任务）：他们将接替已在太空驻留超过 150 天的神舟十九号乘组，这些宇航员将于 4 月 29 日返回地球。 科学实验：乘组将研究生物在太空中的生存方式。例如，他们将观察斑马鱼（以了解低重力环境下的骨骼和心脏健康）、涡虫（中国首次进行的动物在太空中身体部位再生实验）和链霉菌（用于制药的微生物）。这些实验旨在为未来的长期太空旅行解决问题。 太空行走：宇航员将在飞船外安装设备、维修空间站并测试新技术。 在任务期间，宇航员将迎接天舟九号货运飞船和神舟二十一号载人任务，这将有助于确保物资供应和团队协作的顺利进行。他们计划于 2025 年 10 月下旬在东风着陆场返回地球。 Key words and phrases 词汇 manned spaceship 载人飞船 anniversary /ˌænɪˈvɜːrsəri/n. 周年纪念 satellite /ˈsætəlaɪt/n. 卫星 launch /lɔːntʃ/v. 发射 astronaut /ˈæstrənɔːt/n. 宇航员 replace /rɪˈpleɪs/v. 替换 survive /sərˈvaɪv/v. 生存 gravity /ˈɡrævəti/n. 重力 regrow /ˌriːˈɡroʊ/v. 再生 equipment /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/n. 设备 supply /səˈplaɪ/n. 物资；v. 供应 landing site 着陆场 短语 send...into space 将…… 送入太空 mark the anniversary 纪念周年 space achievements 航天成就 space station 空间站 science experiments 科学实验 spacewalk /ˈspeɪswɔːk/n. 太空行走 aim to do sth. 旨在做某事 long-term space exploration 长期太空探索 实战演练 真题示例 Passage A （2025·山东烟台·中考真题）Jackie Robinson (1919—1972), was the first black baseball player to play in the American major leagues (大联盟) during the 20th century. Robinson was an outstanding all-around athlete at the University of California. Yet in 1941 he had to drop out of the university to help his mother support the family. He entered the U.S. Army in 1942 and became a second lieutenant (少尉) in 1943. However, he had to leave the army because he refused to follow an order that a black person like him should sit at the back of the army bus. This might be one of the reasons for his future fight for human rights. Upon leaving the army, Robinson played baseball in a black league team, where he drew the attention of the general manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers, Branch Rickey. Robinson’s talents on the field, his honesty, and his caring for family all satisfied Rickey. In 1947, Robinson joined the Brooklyn Dodgers, becoming the first black player in the major leagues and breaking the 63-year-old “color line”. He achieved quick success on the field and became the National League’s Most Valuable Player in 1949. From 1947 through 1956, he led the Dodgers to six league championships and one World Series victory. The road to success is never smooth. At first, because of his color, Robinson was treated unfairly by baseball fans, players on opposite teams, and even his teammates. He wrote in his book, “Plenty of times I wanted to leave, but I had to hold to myself. I know that I am a black man in a white world. The whole thing is bigger than myself.” After retiring (退役) from baseball in 1957, Robinson went on working for human rights. He was a spokesman for the NAACP and made appearances with Martin Luther King. In 1962, Robinson became the first black person to be introduced into the Baseball Hall of Fame. In 1984, Robinson was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest honor for an American. 1．Why did Robinson stop his army life? A．Because he did not want to be a second lieutenant. B．Because he refused to sit at the back of the army bus. C．Because he had to help his mother to support his family. D．Because he wanted to play in the American major leagues. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A．Robinson’s baseball team. B．Robinson’s baseball experiences. C．Robinson’s baseball talents. D．Robinson’s friendship with Rickey. 3．Robinson didn’t leave the baseball team even when he was treated unfairly probably because ______. A．he was the leading player in the baseball team B．he needed to make a living by playing baseball C．he thought Rickey would give him bigger tasks D．he wanted to fight for human rights for the black 4．What conclusion can we draw from the article? A．Robinson was more suitable to be an officer. B．Robinson was widely recognized in America. C．Robinson received the most honors in America. D．Robinson was the best American baseball player. 【答案与解析】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了美国职业棒球大联盟首位黑人球员Jackie Robinson的生平事迹，包括他在军队的经历、棒球职业生涯的成就以及退役后为人权事业所做的贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据“However, he had to leave the army because he refused to follow an order that a black person like him should sit at the back of the army bus.”可知，Robinson不得不离开军队，因为他拒绝遵守像他这样的黑人应该坐在军车后排的命令。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。根据“Upon leaving the army, Robinson played baseball in a black league team, where he drew the attention of the general manager...”以及全段段可知，第三段主要讲述了Robinson的棒球职业生涯经历和成就。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“I know that I am a black man in a white world. The whole thing is bigger than myself.”可知，他知道自己是一个白人世界中的黑人。这件事的意义远超过他个人，故可推测出，Robinson坚持留在球队是因为他希望通过自己的努力为黑人争取权利。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“In 1962, Robinson became the first black person to be introduced into the Baseball Hall of Fame. In 1984, Robinson was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest honor for an American.”可知，1962年，Robinson成为首位入选棒球名人堂的黑人；1984年，他被授予美国总统自由勋章——美国公民的最高荣誉，故可推测出，Robinson的成就得到了广泛认可。故选B。 长难句解析 原句：(第 2 段第 3 句)However, he had to leave the army because he refused to follow an order that a black person like him should sit at the back of the army bus. 译文:然而，他不得不离开军队，因为他拒绝遵守一项命令 —— 像他这样的黑人应该坐在军车的后排。 分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句部分：he（主语）+ had to leave（谓语）+ the army（宾语）。从句部分：“ because he refused to follow an order that a black person like him should sit at the back of the army bus.”其中：“that a black person like him should sit at the back of the army bus”为同位语从句。（解释 order 的具体内容，引导词 that 不充当成分）。” 译文 杰基・罗宾逊（1919—1972）是 20 世纪首位在美国职业棒球大联盟打球的黑人球员。 罗宾逊在加州大学时是一名出色的全能运动员。然而 1941 年，他不得不辍学帮助母亲养家。1942 年他加入美国陆军，1943 年成为少尉。但由于拒绝遵守 “黑人应坐在军车后排” 的命令，他不得不离开军队。这可能是他未来为人权而战的原因之一。 退役后，罗宾逊在一支黑人联盟球队打棒球，吸引了布鲁克林道奇队总经理布兰奇・瑞基的注意。罗宾逊在球场上的天赋、他的诚实以及对家庭的关爱，都让瑞基感到满意。1947 年，罗宾逊加入布鲁克林道奇队，成为大联盟首位黑人球员，打破了长达 63 年的 “肤色界限”。他在球场上迅速取得成功，1949 年成为国家联盟最有价值球员。1947 年至 1956 年间，他带领道奇队获得六次联盟冠军和一次世界大赛胜利。 成功之路从非坦途。起初，由于肤色问题，罗宾逊遭到棒球迷、对手球队甚至队友的不公平对待。他在书中写道：“很多次我想离开，但我必须坚持。我知道自己是白人世界里的黑人，这件事的意义远比我个人更重要。” 1957 年从棒球界退役后，罗宾逊继续致力于人权事业。他担任全国有色人种协进会（NAACP）发言人，并与马丁・路德・金一同公开露面。1962 年，罗宾逊成为首位入选棒球名人堂的黑人；1984 年，他被授予美国总统自由勋章 —— 美国公民的最高荣誉。 Key words and phrases 词汇 outstanding /aʊtˈstændɪŋ/adj. 杰出的 athlete /ˈæθliːt/n. 运动员 drop out of 辍学 lieutenant /lefˈtenant/n. 少尉 general manager 总经理 championship /ˈtʃæmpiənʃɪp/n. 冠军 unfairly /ʌnˈferli/adv. 不公平地 spokesman /ˈspoʊksmən/n. 发言人 medal /ˈmedl/n. 勋章 freedom /ˈfriːdəm/n. 自由 短语 1.major leagues 职业大联盟 2. all-around athlete 全能运动员 3. support the family 养家糊口 4. draw the attention of 吸引…… 的注意 5. break the color line 打破肤色界限 6. Most Valuable Player (MVP) 最有价值球员 7. World Series 世界大赛 8. Baseball Hall of Fame 棒球名人堂 9. Presidential Medal of Freedom 总统自由勋章 Passage B （2025·广东深圳·三模）Shang Yang was a politician (政治家) of the Qin state. He was very wise and forward-thinking. He worked out several reform (改革) plans for the state, including focusing on farming and giving rewards (奖励) to soldiers who were successful during wars. But at the beginning, these reforms were not easily carried out. Only a few people in the state understood Shang’s talent and the advantages of his plans. Most people had little trust and confidence in him. To solve this problem, Shang came up with an idea. He ordered some soldiers to put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin state capital. This attracted many people. Then, in front of the crowd, he said loudly, “People of Qin, whoever takes this pole to the north gate will get a reward of 10 gold pieces.” It was a simple task and the reward was big. Some people passed and no one stepped forward. They all thought that Shang was joking. Hearing no answer, Shang stepped forward and said, “I will increase the reward to 50 gold pieces.” The words sounded even more unbelievable. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward to take the pole. He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang paid the man 50 gold pieces. Soon, the people were saying that Shang was a man of his word. When he began promoting (推行) his reforms, the people followed and did not question him. Under the great reforms, Qin grew strong and united all the states, becoming the first empire (帝国) of China. Later, people drew the Chinese idiom “立木取信” from this story. 1．Shang Yang’s reforms ________. A．were never trusted by people B．made Qin grow strong C．were carried out easily at the beginning D．focused on farming and education 2．What does the underlined phrase “a man of his word” mean? A．A man who can keep his promises. B．A man who is talkative. C．A man who is good at arguing. D．A man who often has words with others. 3．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②/③/④⑤⑥⑦ B．①/②/③④⑤/⑥⑦ C．①②③/④⑤/⑥⑦ D．①②/③④/⑤⑥⑦ 4．What is the most important lesson from Shang Yang’s story? A．Actions speak louder than words. B．Keeping promises builds trust. C．Money can solve all problems. D．New ideas are always resisted (抵制). 5．Where can you probably read this passage? A．A travel guide. B．A health magazine. C．A history storybook. D．A business newspaper. 【答案与解析】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了商鞅立木取信的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Under the great reforms, Qin grew strong and united all the states, becoming the first empire (帝国) of China.”可知，商鞅的改革使秦国变得强大。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“True to his word, Shang paid the man 50 gold pieces.”可知，商鞅信守了他的承诺，奖励了那个人50枚金币，因此划线单词表示“信守承诺的人”。故选A。 3．篇章结构题。第一段介绍商鞅的基本情况及改革内容；第二段介绍改革中遇到的困难；第三到第五段介绍他是如何解决困难的；第六、七段介绍改革的成就。B选项符合文章结构。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Later, people drew the Chinese idiom ‘立木取信’ from this story.”可知，从商鞅的故事中我们学到了遵守承诺的重要性。故选B。 5．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了商鞅立木取信的故事，属于历史故事，可以在历史故事书中读到。故选C。 长难句解析 原句：（第 1 段第 2 句）He worked out several reform plans for the state, including focusing on farming and giving rewards to soldiers who were successful during wars. 译文:他为秦国制定了几项改革方案，包括重视农耕和奖励在战争中建功的士兵。 分析：主干结构：He（主语）+ worked out（谓语）+ several reform plans（宾语）+ for the state（目的状语）。 伴随状语：including focusing on farming and giving rewards...（由 including 引出具体改革内容，动名词短语作宾语）。 定语从句：who were successful during wars（修饰 soldiers，关系代词 who 作主语）。 译文 商鞅是秦国的政治家，他极具智慧且思想前瞻。他为秦国制定了几项改革方案，包括重视农耕和奖励在战争中建功的士兵。 但起初，这些改革并不容易推行。国中只有少数人理解商鞅的才能和其方案的优势，大多数人对他几乎没有信任。 为解决这一问题，商鞅想出一个办法。他命令士兵在秦国都城的南门竖起一根细木杆，这吸引了许多人围观。随后，他在人群前高声宣布：“秦国百姓，谁将此木杆扛到北门，就赏十金。” 任务简单却赏额丰厚，人们路过却无人上前，都觉得商鞅在开玩笑。见无人响应，商鞅又上前说：“赏金增至五十金！” 这话说得更令人难以置信。最终，人群中一位男子上前扛起木杆，将其放在肩上走向北门。商鞅果然信守承诺，给了他五十金。 很快，百姓都传商鞅是信守诺言的人。当他开始推行改革时，百姓纷纷响应，不再质疑他。 在这些伟大改革的推动下，秦国日益强盛，统一了各诸侯国，成为中国历史上第一个帝国。后来，人们从这个故事中提炼出成语 “立木取信”。 Key words and phrases 词汇 politician /ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃn/n. 政治家 forward-thinking adj. 有远见的 reform /rɪˈfɔːrm/n. 改革 reward /rɪˈwɔːrd/n. 奖励 pole /poʊl/n. 杆 empire /ˈempaɪər/n. 帝国 idiom /ˈɪdiəm/n. 成语 短语 1. work out 制定；想出 2. focus on 专注于 3. carry out 推行；实施 4. come up with 想出 5. true to one’s word 信守诺言 6. a man of his word 信守承诺的人 7. promote reforms 推行改革 模拟演练 Passage A （2025·宁夏银川·三模）阅读下面短文，从短文后各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Huang Xuhua is a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (中国工程院院士). He led the design of China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇) and got the Medal of the Republic (共和国勋章). He 1 at the age of 99 on Thursday in Wuhan, Hubei Province. Known as the “Father of China’s nuclear submarines,” Huang spent his whole life 2 the development of China’s nuclear submarine program. Huang was born on March 12, 1926, in Shanwei, Guangdong Province. 3 a childhood in the darkness of war, he entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1945 to study shipbuilding, hoping to gain the ability to 4 the country. In 1958, he was chosen to help develop China’s first nuclear submarine. In 1970, thanks to the hard work of Huang and his team, China’s first nuclear submarine was put into use, which 5 better than the first U.S. nuclear submarine built in 1954. In 2018, Huang got the 6 of “Influential Chinese in the World.” In 2020, he won the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award (国家科学技术奖) for his 7 work in science. Huang put all his 8 to the long-term development of China’s science and technology, 9 in nuclear submarine research. He also cared about helping future generations grow in a healthy way. Huang 10 more than 20 million yuan (about 2.74 million dollars) of his earnings to support scientific research, science education programs, and schools. Huang’s dedication and achievements will always be remembered, inspiring us to work hard and contribute to our country. 1．A．set off B．ran away C．passed away D．died from 2．A．in B．on C．for D．with 3．A．During B．After C．Before D．While 4．A．prevent B．protect C．prepare D．produce 5．A．accepted B．ran C．described D．performed 6．A．challenge B．title C．attention D．chance 7．A．honest B．humorous C．outstanding D．confident 8．A．efforts B．power C．spirits D．thought 9．A．especially B．completely C．actually D．generally 10．A．gave away B．gave off C．gave out D．gave up 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了中国工程院院士黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他领导设计中国第一艘核潜艇、获得共和国勋章等荣誉，以及他对国家科技发展的贡献。 1．句意：他于周四在湖北省武汉市去世，享年99岁。 set off出发；ran away逃跑；passed away去世；died from死于。根据“at the age of 99”可知，此处表示去世，固定搭配“passed away”符合语境。故选C。 2．句意：黄被称为“中国核潜艇之父”，他的一生都在致力于中国核潜艇项目的发展。 in在……之内；on在……之上；for为了；with和。固定词组spend on sth“花时间在某事上”。故选B。 3．句意：在战争的黑暗中度过童年后，他于1945年进入上海交通大学学习造船，希望获得保护国家的能力。 During在……期间；After在……之后；Before在……之前；While当。根据“he entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1945 to study shipbuilding”可知，应该是在战争的黑暗中度过童年后，他进入大学。故选B。 4．句意：在战争的黑暗中度过童年后，他于1945年进入上海交通大学学习造船，希望获得保护国家的能力。 prevent阻止；protect保护；prepare准备；produce生产。核潜艇的主要作用是国防，因此“protect”最符合语境。故选B。 5．句意：1970年，由于黄旭华和他的团队的辛勤努力，中国第一艘核潜艇投入使用，其表现比美国1954年建造的第一艘核潜艇更好。 accepted接受；ran跑；described描述；performed表现。“perform”指设备性能表现，符合技术对比语境。故选D。 6．句意：2018年，黄旭华获得了“世界有影响力的中国人”这一称号。 challenge挑战；title称号；attention注意；chance机会。“Influential Chinese”是一个荣誉称号。故选B。 7．句意：2020年，他因在科学领域的杰出工作而获得国家科学技术奖。 honest诚实的；humorous幽默的；outstanding杰出的；confident自信的。国家科技奖表彰卓越贡献，“outstanding”最贴切。故选C。 8．句意：黄旭华将他所有的努力都投入到中国科学技术的长期发展中。 efforts努力；power力量；spirits精神；thought想法。“put efforts into”为固定搭配，强调奉献。故选A。 9．句意：黄旭华将他所有的努力都投入到中国科学技术的长期发展中，尤其是在核潜艇研究方面。 especially尤其；completely完全地；actually实际上；generally一般地。此处强调核潜艇领域的突出贡献，“especially”最合适。故选A。 10．句意：黄旭华捐赠了2000多万元（约274万美元）的收入来支持科学研究、科学教育项目和学校。 gave away捐赠；gave off发出；gave out分发；gave up放弃。“捐款”固定用“gave away”。故选A。 Passage B （2023-2024九年级上·广东广州·期中） We all go to school to study and learn different skills, but have you ever been taught in your dream? Wang Xizhi was a Chinese calligrapher(书法家), traditionally called the Sage of Calligraphy(书圣). Born in Shandong Province, he spent most of his life in the present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang. At the beginning, Wang Xizhi learned the art of calligraphy from Lady Wei. But later through practice, he made great progress and excelled his teacher. Nobody knows who taught him after Lady Wei. However, there is a story that Wang achieved his success by learning from his dream. It is said that Wang would practice calligraphy every day. Still, he was never satisfied with himself. One day, he was so tired that he fell asleep at his desk. In his dream, he saw an old man who said to him with a smile, “I will teach you something and you will find it very helpful in the future. Now reach out your hands.” Only half believing, Wang reached out his hand. The old man wrote a character on his hand and said with a nod. “Now you will be a calligrapher.” With this, he disappeared in the air. Wang looked at his hand and saw a character “永”. He thought over it for a whole night and finally realized that this character contained all the basic strokes (笔划) in forming Chinese calligraphy. After waking up from the dream, Wang kept practicing writing the character “永”. Later Wang became a well-known calligrapher. It is said that even in his lifetime a few of Wang’s characters or his signature were priceless. Unluckily, none of his works remains today. Down through the ages, however, many students of calligraphy, the most basic yet highest art in China, have learned from and copied his style. 1．Which of the following is the best to describe Wang? A．Skillful and easily-satisfied. B．Daydreaming and lazy. C．Open-minded and kind. D．Smart and hardworking 2．What is the closest meaning to the underlined word “excelled” ? A．Was proud of. B．Was better than. C．Helped. D．Disappointed 3．What is the correct order for the following events for Wang's life? a. He became well-known. b. He kept practicing writing the character “永”. c.He was so tired after practice that he fell asleep. d. A character was written on his hand in his dream. e. He realized how important the character “永” was in practice. A．e-a-d-c-b B．e-d-a-b-c C．c-d-e-b-a D．c-b-e-d-a 4．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Practice Makes Perfect B．A Famous Calligrapher's Dream C．From Dream to Success: The Story of Wang Xizhi D．A Famous Character of Wang Xizhi 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了著名书法家王羲之成名的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据“But later through practice, he made great progress and excelled his teacher.”可推知，王羲之很刻苦努力且聪明才取得了如此高的成就。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据“But later through practice, he made great progress...”可知，是指比他的老师更好，所以划线单词的意思是“比……更好”，与B选项的意思相近。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的描述可知，首先是太累了以致于睡着了，然后他伸出手，老人在他手上写了字，后来很久才意识到这个字的重要性，就一直练这个字，最后成了著名的书法家。因此正确的顺序是“c-d-e-b-a”。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了著名书法家王羲之成名的故事。因此最佳标题是“From Dream to Success: The Story of Wang Xizhi”。故选C。 Passage C （2025·甘肃天水·三模）In ancient China, there were many shining names in the river of the history. Here are some great characters of that time. Confucius was a great educator and good at learning. Once Confucius and his students were on their way, a little boy suddenly stopped in their way and asked the master to go around the “city” that he made with bricks and stones. Confucius thought this boy was so smart and didn’t treat the “city” as a toy. The Master said, “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers. I will select their good qualities and follow them, their bad qualities and avoid them.” Li Bing was an expert in water projects. He set up many water projects. Dujiangyan is the most famous. It made water helpful to the people. Zhang Qian was born in Chenggu of Western Han Dynasty. He was an outstanding envoy and explorer in Chinese history, bringing much useful information about the west and opening up the ancient Silk Road, an important trade route connecting the east and the west. As a famous Tang Dynasty poet, Du Fu wrote over one thousand and five hundred poems. Most of them described the common people’s sufferings and sorrows during the terrible years of the Tang Dynasty, expressing his profound worry and deep love for his country and the people. Li Shizhen was born in 1518. He found many old medicine books full of mistakes. So he did his best to study medical science not only in his own garden, but also in the wild. He learned a lot from the working people. At last, he completed his great work Ben Cao Gang Mu, one of the greatest contributions to the medical science of the world. 1．Why is Confucius a great educator? A．Because he understood the boy and gave way to the “city”. B．Because he traveled with his students from state to state. C．Because he likes learning and had wise thoughts about education. D．Because he was smarter than others and read many books. 2．What did Li Bing do to help the people? A．He brought much useful information from the west. B．He set up many water projects. C．He travelled and wrote many famous poems. D．He helped many sick people in the village. 3．Zhang Qian ________. A．opened up the ancient Silk Road B．liked travelling to the west C．was an outstanding writer D．was born in East Han Dynasty 4．Li Shizhen studied medicine ________. A．at home B．in the wild C．by communicating with others D．A, B and C 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the article? A．The people are all great poets and have their own works. B．Du Fu is not only a great poet but also a super captain. C．Li Shizhen didn’t write any work. D．The people mentioned are all cared for the people. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国古代几位杰出人物，包括孔子、李冰、张骞、杜甫和李时珍，强调了他们各自在教育、水利、探索、诗歌和医药方面的重要贡献，也彰显了他们关心百姓、造福于民的精神。 1．细节理解题。根据文中对孔子的描述可知，他善于学习并有有关教育的睿智思想。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“He set up many water projects. Dujiangyan is the most famous. It made water helpful to the people”可知，李冰最著名的事迹就是修建都江堰等水利工程，给百姓带来福祉。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“He was an outstanding envoy and explorer in Chinese history, bringing much useful information about the west and opening up the ancient Silk Road, an important trade route connecting the east and the west.”可知，张骞开辟了丝绸之路，带回了西方的许多有用信息。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“So he did his best to study medical science not only in his own garden, but also in the wild. He learned a lot from the worker”可知，李时珍不仅在自家园中研究医学，还到野外采药，并向劳动人民学习。故选D。 5．细节理解题。通读全文可见，这几位人物都对人民生活抱有极大关切，并且通过各自的成就对社会作出重大贡献。故选D。 Passage D （2025·贵州贵阳·一模）阅读下面短文，从短文后框内选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Zhao Zhihai is known as the “father of hybrid millet (杂交谷子之父)”. 1 When he was a child, he often watched family elders count how many millet plants and what production could be expected. “At that time, I often thought about whether we could harvest more millet,” he said. “And this idea drove me to focus on millet research.” In 1982, after graduating from university, Zhao volunteered to return to Zhangjiakou. While most people there were working on main crops such as rice and corn, Zhao turned to millet research. 150 In his study on the advantages of hybrid millet, he broke away from the research methods that had been used for rice and corn. 2 “Millet has its own characters,” he said. “Using the improper research methods would probably lead to failure.” It took years for his team to research hybrid millet. 3 Zhangzagu 1 or Zhang Hybrid Millet 1 produced over 30 percent more than traditional millet on average (平均). Then in 2004, the world’s first herbicide­resistant (抗除草剂的) hybrid millet, Zhangzagu 2, was successfully grown, followed by the development of more kinds of millet. 4 In May 2008, he traveled to Africa for the first time and started successful millet­planting tests in Ethiopia. Since then, hybrid millet has become an important project in Africa. More than 10 countries have successfully grown it. A．Zhao has traveled to many countries. B．Zhao bravely used a new one that looked promising. C．Finally, the world’s first hybrid millet was born in 2000. D．He believed that small crops also needed some attention. E．He was born into a farmer’s family in Zhangjiakou in 1958. F．Zhao also aimed to help more countries improve production. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了“杂交谷子之父”赵治海在谷子研究方面的成就和贡献。 1．根据“Zhao Zhihai is known as the ‘father of hybrid millet (杂交谷子之父)’.”以及后文“When he was a child, he often watched family elders count how many millet plants and what production could be expected.”可知，此处表达赵治海的基本信息，即他出生在一个农民家庭，从小就对谷子产量感兴趣。选项E“他1958年出生于张家口的一个农民家庭”与之相符。故选E。 2．根据“While most people there were working on main crops such as rice and corn, Zhao turned to millet research.”可知，此处表达赵治海选择研究谷子的原因，即他认为小作物也需要关注。选项D“他相信小作物也需要一些关注”与之相符。故选D。 3．根据“In his study on the advantages of hybrid millet, he broke away from the research methods that had been used for rice and corn.”以及后文“Using the improper research methods would probably lead to failure.”可知，此处说明赵治海在研究杂交谷子时，勇敢地采用了新的、有前景的研究方法。选项B“赵勇敢地采用了一种看起来很有前途的新方法”与之相符。故选B。 4．根据“It took years for his team to research hybrid millet.”以及后文“Zhangzagu 1 or Zhang Hybrid Millet 1 produced over 30 percent more than traditional millet on average (平均).”可知，此处表达经过多年的研究，赵治海的团队终于在2000年成功培育出世界上第一个杂交谷子品种。选项C“最终，世界上第一个杂交谷子在2000年诞生”与之相符。故选C。 5．根据“In May 2008, he traveled to Africa for the first time and started successful milletplanting tests in Ethiopia. Since then, hybrid millet has become an important project in Africa. More than 10 countries have successfully grown it.”可知，此处表达赵治海的目标是帮助更多国家提高谷子产量，将杂交谷子推广到更多国家。选项F“赵的目标也是帮助更多国家提高产量”与之相符。故选F。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Wise men in history 著名人物 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 268 讲述了吴孟超和袁隆平两位伟人一生奉献医学和农业，拯救生命、解决饥饿问题，他们的逝世让全国悲痛，彰显了其伟大精神。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 275 介绍了中国第二批宇航员陈冬将完成三次太空旅行，还阐述了神舟20号任务的科学实验与太空行走等内容 。 真题示例 Passage A 阅读理解 记叙文 336 主要讲述了美国职业棒球大联盟首位黑人球员Jackie Robinson的生平事迹及为人权事业所做的贡献。 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 287 主要讲述了商鞅立木取信的故事。 模拟演练 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 253 介绍了中国工程院院士黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他领导设计中国第一艘核潜艇、获得共和国勋章等荣誉，以及他对国家科技发展的贡献。 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 302 讲述了著名书法家王羲之成名的故事。 Passage C 阅读理解 说明文 296 介绍了中国古代几位杰出人物，包括孔子、李冰、张骞、杜甫和李时珍，强调了他们在各个领域的重要贡献，也彰显了他们关心百姓、造福于民的精神。 Passage D 六选五 记叙文 286 主要讲述了“杂交谷子之父”赵治海在谷子研究方面的成就和贡献。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 · Where there is a will, there is a way.（有志者，事竟成。—— 中国谚语） · Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety - nine percent perspiration.（天才是百分之一的灵感加百分之九十九的汗水。——Thomas A. Edison / 托马斯・阿尔瓦・爱迪生 ） · Knowledge is power.（知识就是力量。——Francis Bacon / 弗朗西斯・培根 ） · Never, never, never, never give up.（永远不要、不要、不要、不要放弃。——Winston Churchill / 温斯顿・丘吉尔 ） · Honesty is the best policy.（诚实为上策。——Benjamin Franklin / 本杰明・富兰克林 ） · All roads lead to Rome.（条条大路通罗马。—— 西方谚语 ） · Practice makes perfect.（熟能生巧。—— 西方谚语 ） · The reading of all good books is like a conversation with the finest men of past centuries.（读好书，如同与先哲们交谈。——René Descartes / 勒内・笛卡尔 ） · United we stand, divided we fall.（团结则存，分裂则亡。——Aesop / 伊索 ） · Man struggles upwards; water flows downwards.（人往高处走，水往低处流。—— 中国谚语 ） 时文阅读 Passage A At 1:02 p.m. on May 22, 2021, liver (肝) surgeon (外科医生) Wu Mengchao, 99, died in Shanghai. He was 1 as the founder of hepatobiliary (肝胆的) surgery in the country and was the teacher of about 80% of the nation’s experts and doctors working on liver surgery today. Wu operated on thousands of patients, and 2 at least 16,000 lives. Five minutes later, with family members singing his favorite songs softly to him in Changsha, agricultural scientist Yuan Longping 3 at the age of 91. He was famous as “the father of hybrid rice”, who helped lift the nation out of 4 . The two devoted their lives to saving and improving people’s lives. Together with generations of their students, they not only made a big 5 to the lives of Chinese people, but also many living in other 6 and least-developed countries. Keeping that medical science is humanity, Wu would lose his temper in operating rooms even in his 90s 7 his assistants (助手) did not use the medicines with the best cost-performance to help patients save money. Working in paddy fields (稻田) for decades, Yuan’s lifelong dream was always to make the Chinese people be 8 to fill their own bowls with rice. He was still 9 about his experimental fields and the weather conditions during the last few days of his life. What makes Wu and Yuan great is their love for the people. The public’s great grief at their deaths 10 how much their down-to-earth dedication (奉献) 11 to improving people’s lives touched hearts throughout the country. 1．A．known B．founded C．born D．made 2．A．saved B．achieved C．considered D．killed 3．A．caught up B．put off C．passed away D．took care 4．A．drought B．hunger C．health D．education 5．A．influence B．joke C．mess D．difference 6．A．wealthy B．developing C．large D．modern 7．A．where B．why C．when D．whether 8．A．able B．difficult C．special D．interesting 9．A．arguing B．complaining C．asking D．moving 10．A．forgets B．warns C．believes D．shows 长难句解析 原句：（第三段第二句）Together with generations of their students, they not only made a big difference to the lives of Chinese people, but also many living in other developing and least-developed countries. 译文：他们与几代学生一起，不仅对中国人民的生活产生了重大影响，也对许多其他发展中国家和最不发达国家的人民的生活产生了影响。 分析：“Together with generations of their students” 为伴随状语，“not only...but also...” 连接两个并列宾语 “the lives of Chinese people” 和 “many living in other developing and least-developed countries”，其中 “living in...” 为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “many”（指代 “people”）。 长难句解析 原句：（第三段第二句）Working in paddy fields for decades, Yuan’s lifelong dream was always to make the Chinese people be able to fill their own bowls with rice. 译文：在稻田里工作了几十年，袁隆平毕生的梦想始终是让中国人民能够用自己的稻米装满饭碗。 分析：“Working in paddy fields for decades”为现在分词做状语，主句部分为“Yuan’s lifelong dream（主语）+ was（系动词）+ to make sb. do...（不定式作表语）。”其中“make sb. be able to do sth.意为“使某人能够做某事”。 译文 2021 年 5 月 22 日下午 1 点 02 分，99 岁的肝脏外科医生吴孟超在上海逝世。他被公认为中国肝胆外科的创始人，如今全国约 80% 从事肝脏外科的专家和医生都是他的学生。吴孟超为数千名患者主刀，至少挽救了 1.6 万条生命。 五分钟后，在长沙，家人轻声为他唱起他最爱的歌时，91 岁的农业科学家袁隆平与世长辞。他以 “杂交水稻之父” 闻名，帮助国家摆脱了饥饿。 两位伟人将一生致力于拯救和改善人民的生活。他们与几代学生一起，不仅对中国人民的生活产生了重大影响，也对许多其他发展中国家和最不发达国家的人民的生活产生了影响。 吴孟超坚持 “医学即人道”，即使在 90 多岁时，当助手没有使用性价比最高的药物来帮助病人省钱时，他仍会在手术室里发脾气。 在稻田里耕耘数十年，袁隆平毕生的梦想始终是让中国人民能够用自己的稻米装满饭碗。在他生命的最后几天，他仍在询问试验田的情况和天气状况。 吴孟超和袁隆平的伟大之处在于他们对人民的热爱。公众对他们逝世的巨大悲痛，表明他们为改善人民生活所付出的脚踏实地的奉献，在多大程度上触动了全国人民的心。 Key words and phrases 词汇 surgeon /ˈsɜːrdʒən/n. 外科医生 founder /ˈfaʊndər/n. 创始人 operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 做手术 devote /dɪˈvoʊt/v. 奉献 hybrid rice 杂交水稻 humanity /hjuːˈmænəti/n. 人性 temper /ˈtempər/n. 脾气 paddy field 稻田 experimental /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentl/adj. 实验性的 grief /ɡriːf/n. 悲痛 down-to-earth adj. 脚踏实地的 dedication /ˌdedɪˈkeɪʃn/n. 奉献 短语 1. be known as 被称为…… 2. operate on sb. 为某人做手术 3. save one’s life 挽救某人的生命 4. devote...to... 将…… 奉献给…… 5. make a difference to 对…… 产生影响 6. lose one’s temper 发脾气 7. be able to do sth. 能够做某事 Passage B （2025·江苏扬州·三模） On April 24, 2025, China sent the Shenzhou-20 manned spaceship into space. This day marks the 10th anniversary (周年) of “China Space Day,” a time to celebrate the country’s space achievements. It all started with China’s first satellite, Dongfanghong-1, launched in 1970. The mission carried three astronauts: Chen Dong (the team leader), Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie. Chen Dong is an experienced astronaut who has been to space twice before (on Shenzhou-11 in 2016 and Shenzhou-14 in 2022). He will become the first astronaut from China’s second group to complete three space trips. The other two astronauts are new to space and will work as pilots and engineers. The Shenzhou-20 team will stay in China's space station for about six months. They have three main tasks: Crew（机组人员）Chang’e: They will replace the Shenzhou-19 astronauts, who have been in space for over 150 days. Those astronauts will return to Earth on April 29. Science Experiments: The crew will study how living things survive in space. For example, they will watch zebrafish (to learn about bone and heart health in low gravity), planarian worms (China’s first experiment on how animals regrow body parts in space), and streptomyces (tiny living things used in making medicine). These tests aim to solve problems for future long trips in space. Spacewalks: The astronauts will put in equipment (设备), fix the station, and test new technologies outside the spaceship. During their mission, the astronauts will welcome the Tianzhou-9 supply ship and the Shenzhou-21 manned mission. This will help keep supplies and teamwork going smoothly. They plan to come back to Earth in late October 2025 at the Dongfeng Landing Site. 1．What makes Chen Dong special in the Shenzhou-20 mission? A．He is the team leader of Shenzhou-19. B．He has the least space experience in the crew. C．He will be the first second-group astronaut to finish three space trips. D．He will lead the Shenzhou-21 manned mission. 2．How does Shenzhou-20 mission contribute to future long-term space exploration? A．By doing experiments on living things in low gravity. B．By organizing celebrations for the 10th anniversary of China Space Day. C．By returning the Shenzhou-19 astronauts to Earth. D．By only replacing the Shenzhou-19 astronauts without any other research. 3．Why do they study zebrafish in space? A．To make new medicines with tiny living things B．To learn about bone and heart health in low gravity. C．To see how animals regrow body parts. D．To study the swimming speed of zebrafish in space. 4．Which task is NOT mentioned for crew during spacewalks? A．Putting in equipment outside the spaceship. B．Fixing the space station. C．Testing new technologies. D．Doing medical operations on animals. 长难句解析 原句：（第二段第三句）Chen Dong is an experienced astronaut who has been to space twice before (on Shenzhou-11 in 2016 and Shenzhou-14 in 2022). 译文：陈东是一位经验丰富的宇航员，此前已两次进入太空（2016 年执行神舟十一号任务，2022 年执行神舟十四号任务）。 分析：主干结构：Chen Dong（主语）+ is（系动词）+ an experienced astronaut（表语）。 定语从句：who has been to space twice before（修饰 “astronaut”，关系代词 who 作主语）。 补充说明：括号内内容为两次太空任务的具体时间和任务名称，作状语。 译文 2025 年 4 月 24 日，中国将神舟二十号载人飞船送入太空。这一天恰逢 “中国航天日” 十周年，该节日旨在庆祝国家的航天成就。这一切始于 1970 年中国发射的第一颗卫星 “东方红一号”。 此次任务搭载了三名宇航员：指令长陈东、陈忠瑞和王杰。陈东是一位经验丰富的宇航员，此前已两次进入太空（2016 年执行神舟十一号任务，2022 年执行神舟十四号任务）。他将成为中国第二批宇航员中首位完成三次太空飞行的人。另外两名宇航员是太空新手，将担任飞行员和工程师。 神舟二十号乘组将在中国空间站驻留约六个月，他们有三项主要任务： 机组人员轮换（嫦娥任务）：他们将接替已在太空驻留超过 150 天的神舟十九号乘组，这些宇航员将于 4 月 29 日返回地球。 科学实验：乘组将研究生物在太空中的生存方式。例如，他们将观察斑马鱼（以了解低重力环境下的骨骼和心脏健康）、涡虫（中国首次进行的动物在太空中身体部位再生实验）和链霉菌（用于制药的微生物）。这些实验旨在为未来的长期太空旅行解决问题。 太空行走：宇航员将在飞船外安装设备、维修空间站并测试新技术。 在任务期间，宇航员将迎接天舟九号货运飞船和神舟二十一号载人任务，这将有助于确保物资供应和团队协作的顺利进行。他们计划于 2025 年 10 月下旬在东风着陆场返回地球。 Key words and phrases 词汇 manned spaceship 载人飞船 anniversary /ˌænɪˈvɜːrsəri/n. 周年纪念 satellite /ˈsætəlaɪt/n. 卫星 launch /lɔːntʃ/v. 发射 astronaut /ˈæstrənɔːt/n. 宇航员 replace /rɪˈpleɪs/v. 替换 survive /sərˈvaɪv/v. 生存 gravity /ˈɡrævəti/n. 重力 regrow /ˌriːˈɡroʊ/v. 再生 equipment /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/n. 设备 supply /səˈplaɪ/n. 物资；v. 供应 landing site 着陆场 短语 send...into space 将…… 送入太空 mark the anniversary 纪念周年 space achievements 航天成就 space station 空间站 science experiments 科学实验 spacewalk /ˈspeɪswɔːk/n. 太空行走 aim to do sth. 旨在做某事 long-term space exploration 长期太空探索 实战演练 真题示例 Passage A （2025·山东烟台·中考真题）Jackie Robinson (1919—1972), was the first black baseball player to play in the American major leagues (大联盟) during the 20th century. Robinson was an outstanding all-around athlete at the University of California. Yet in 1941 he had to drop out of the university to help his mother support the family. He entered the U.S. Army in 1942 and became a second lieutenant (少尉) in 1943. However, he had to leave the army because he refused to follow an order that a black person like him should sit at the back of the army bus. This might be one of the reasons for his future fight for human rights. Upon leaving the army, Robinson played baseball in a black league team, where he drew the attention of the general manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers, Branch Rickey. Robinson’s talents on the field, his honesty, and his caring for family all satisfied Rickey. In 1947, Robinson joined the Brooklyn Dodgers, becoming the first black player in the major leagues and breaking the 63-year-old “color line”. He achieved quick success on the field and became the National League’s Most Valuable Player in 1949. From 1947 through 1956, he led the Dodgers to six league championships and one World Series victory. The road to success is never smooth. At first, because of his color, Robinson was treated unfairly by baseball fans, players on opposite teams, and even his teammates. He wrote in his book, “Plenty of times I wanted to leave, but I had to hold to myself. I know that I am a black man in a white world. The whole thing is bigger than myself.” After retiring (退役) from baseball in 1957, Robinson went on working for human rights. He was a spokesman for the NAACP and made appearances with Martin Luther King. In 1962, Robinson became the first black person to be introduced into the Baseball Hall of Fame. In 1984, Robinson was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest honor for an American. 1．Why did Robinson stop his army life? A．Because he did not want to be a second lieutenant. B．Because he refused to sit at the back of the army bus. C．Because he had to help his mother to support his family. D．Because he wanted to play in the American major leagues. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A．Robinson’s baseball team. B．Robinson’s baseball experiences. C．Robinson’s baseball talents. D．Robinson’s friendship with Rickey. 3．Robinson didn’t leave the baseball team even when he was treated unfairly probably because ______. A．he was the leading player in the baseball team B．he needed to make a living by playing baseball C．he thought Rickey would give him bigger tasks D．he wanted to fight for human rights for the black 4．What conclusion can we draw from the article? A．Robinson was more suitable to be an officer. B．Robinson was widely recognized in America. C．Robinson received the most honors in America. D．Robinson was the best American baseball player. 长难句解析 原句：(第 2 段第 3 句)However, he had to leave the army because he refused to follow an order that a black person like him should sit at the back of the army bus. 译文:然而，他不得不离开军队，因为他拒绝遵守一项命令 —— 像他这样的黑人应该坐在军车的后排。 分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句部分：he（主语）+ had to leave（谓语）+ the army（宾语）。从句部分：“ because he refused to follow an order that a black person like him should sit at the back of the army bus.”其中：“that a black person like him should sit at the back of the army bus”为同位语从句。（解释 order 的具体内容，引导词 that 不充当成分）。” 译文 杰基・罗宾逊（1919—1972）是 20 世纪首位在美国职业棒球大联盟打球的黑人球员。 罗宾逊在加州大学时是一名出色的全能运动员。然而 1941 年，他不得不辍学帮助母亲养家。1942 年他加入美国陆军，1943 年成为少尉。但由于拒绝遵守 “黑人应坐在军车后排” 的命令，他不得不离开军队。这可能是他未来为人权而战的原因之一。 退役后，罗宾逊在一支黑人联盟球队打棒球，吸引了布鲁克林道奇队总经理布兰奇・瑞基的注意。罗宾逊在球场上的天赋、他的诚实以及对家庭的关爱，都让瑞基感到满意。1947 年，罗宾逊加入布鲁克林道奇队，成为大联盟首位黑人球员，打破了长达 63 年的 “肤色界限”。他在球场上迅速取得成功，1949 年成为国家联盟最有价值球员。1947 年至 1956 年间，他带领道奇队获得六次联盟冠军和一次世界大赛胜利。 成功之路从非坦途。起初，由于肤色问题，罗宾逊遭到棒球迷、对手球队甚至队友的不公平对待。他在书中写道：“很多次我想离开，但我必须坚持。我知道自己是白人世界里的黑人，这件事的意义远比我个人更重要。” 1957 年从棒球界退役后，罗宾逊继续致力于人权事业。他担任全国有色人种协进会（NAACP）发言人，并与马丁・路德・金一同公开露面。1962 年，罗宾逊成为首位入选棒球名人堂的黑人；1984 年，他被授予美国总统自由勋章 —— 美国公民的最高荣誉。 Key words and phrases 词汇 outstanding /aʊtˈstændɪŋ/adj. 杰出的 athlete /ˈæθliːt/n. 运动员 drop out of 辍学 lieutenant /lefˈtenant/n. 少尉 general manager 总经理 championship /ˈtʃæmpiənʃɪp/n. 冠军 unfairly /ʌnˈferli/adv. 不公平地 spokesman /ˈspoʊksmən/n. 发言人 medal /ˈmedl/n. 勋章 freedom /ˈfriːdəm/n. 自由 短语 1.major leagues 职业大联盟 2. all-around athlete 全能运动员 3. support the family 养家糊口 4. draw the attention of 吸引…… 的注意 5. break the color line 打破肤色界限 6. Most Valuable Player (MVP) 最有价值球员 7. World Series 世界大赛 8. Baseball Hall of Fame 棒球名人堂 9. Presidential Medal of Freedom 总统自由勋章 Passage B （2025·广东深圳·三模）Shang Yang was a politician (政治家) of the Qin state. He was very wise and forward-thinking. He worked out several reform (改革) plans for the state, including focusing on farming and giving rewards (奖励) to soldiers who were successful during wars. But at the beginning, these reforms were not easily carried out. Only a few people in the state understood Shang’s talent and the advantages of his plans. Most people had little trust and confidence in him. To solve this problem, Shang came up with an idea. He ordered some soldiers to put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin state capital. This attracted many people. Then, in front of the crowd, he said loudly, “People of Qin, whoever takes this pole to the north gate will get a reward of 10 gold pieces.” It was a simple task and the reward was big. Some people passed and no one stepped forward. They all thought that Shang was joking. Hearing no answer, Shang stepped forward and said, “I will increase the reward to 50 gold pieces.” The words sounded even more unbelievable. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward to take the pole. He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang paid the man 50 gold pieces. Soon, the people were saying that Shang was a man of his word. When he began promoting (推行) his reforms, the people followed and did not question him. Under the great reforms, Qin grew strong and united all the states, becoming the first empire (帝国) of China. Later, people drew the Chinese idiom “立木取信” from this story. 1．Shang Yang’s reforms ________. A．were never trusted by people B．made Qin grow strong C．were carried out easily at the beginning D．focused on farming and education 2．What does the underlined phrase “a man of his word” mean? A．A man who can keep his promises. B．A man who is talkative. C．A man who is good at arguing. D．A man who often has words with others. 3．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②/③/④⑤⑥⑦ B．①/②/③④⑤/⑥⑦ C．①②③/④⑤/⑥⑦ D．①②/③④/⑤⑥⑦ 4．What is the most important lesson from Shang Yang’s story? A．Actions speak louder than words. B．Keeping promises builds trust. C．Money can solve all problems. D．New ideas are always resisted (抵制). 5．Where can you probably read this passage? A．A travel guide. B．A health magazine. C．A history storybook. D．A business newspaper. 长难句解析 原句：（第 1 段第 2 句）He worked out several reform plans for the state, including focusing on farming and giving rewards to soldiers who were successful during wars. 译文:他为秦国制定了几项改革方案，包括重视农耕和奖励在战争中建功的士兵。 分析：主干结构：He（主语）+ worked out（谓语）+ several reform plans（宾语）+ for the state（目的状语）。 伴随状语：including focusing on farming and giving rewards...（由 including 引出具体改革内容，动名词短语作宾语）。 定语从句：who were successful during wars（修饰 soldiers，关系代词 who 作主语）。 译文 商鞅是秦国的政治家，他极具智慧且思想前瞻。他为秦国制定了几项改革方案，包括重视农耕和奖励在战争中建功的士兵。 但起初，这些改革并不容易推行。国中只有少数人理解商鞅的才能和其方案的优势，大多数人对他几乎没有信任。 为解决这一问题，商鞅想出一个办法。他命令士兵在秦国都城的南门竖起一根细木杆，这吸引了许多人围观。随后，他在人群前高声宣布：“秦国百姓，谁将此木杆扛到北门，就赏十金。” 任务简单却赏额丰厚，人们路过却无人上前，都觉得商鞅在开玩笑。见无人响应，商鞅又上前说：“赏金增至五十金！” 这话说得更令人难以置信。最终，人群中一位男子上前扛起木杆，将其放在肩上走向北门。商鞅果然信守承诺，给了他五十金。 很快，百姓都传商鞅是信守诺言的人。当他开始推行改革时，百姓纷纷响应，不再质疑他。 在这些伟大改革的推动下，秦国日益强盛，统一了各诸侯国，成为中国历史上第一个帝国。后来，人们从这个故事中提炼出成语 “立木取信”。 Key words and phrases 词汇 politician /ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃn/n. 政治家 forward-thinking adj. 有远见的 reform /rɪˈfɔːrm/n. 改革 reward /rɪˈwɔːrd/n. 奖励 pole /poʊl/n. 杆 empire /ˈempaɪər/n. 帝国 idiom /ˈɪdiəm/n. 成语 短语 1. work out 制定；想出 2. focus on 专注于 3. carry out 推行；实施 4. come up with 想出 5. true to one’s word 信守诺言 6. a man of his word 信守承诺的人 7. promote reforms 推行改革 模拟演练 Passage A （2025·宁夏银川·三模）阅读下面短文，从短文后各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Huang Xuhua is a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (中国工程院院士). He led the design of China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇) and got the Medal of the Republic (共和国勋章). He 1 at the age of 99 on Thursday in Wuhan, Hubei Province. Known as the “Father of China’s nuclear submarines,” Huang spent his whole life 2 the development of China’s nuclear submarine program. Huang was born on March 12, 1926, in Shanwei, Guangdong Province. 3 a childhood in the darkness of war, he entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1945 to study shipbuilding, hoping to gain the ability to 4 the country. In 1958, he was chosen to help develop China’s first nuclear submarine. In 1970, thanks to the hard work of Huang and his team, China’s first nuclear submarine was put into use, which 5 better than the first U.S. nuclear submarine built in 1954. In 2018, Huang got the 6 of “Influential Chinese in the World.” In 2020, he won the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award (国家科学技术奖) for his 7 work in science. Huang put all his 8 to the long-term development of China’s science and technology, 9 in nuclear submarine research. He also cared about helping future generations grow in a healthy way. Huang 10 more than 20 million yuan (about 2.74 million dollars) of his earnings to support scientific research, science education programs, and schools. Huang’s dedication and achievements will always be remembered, inspiring us to work hard and contribute to our country. 1．A．set off B．ran away C．passed away D．died from 2．A．in B．on C．for D．with 3．A．During B．After C．Before D．While 4．A．prevent B．protect C．prepare D．produce 5．A．accepted B．ran C．described D．performed 6．A．challenge B．title C．attention D．chance 7．A．honest B．humorous C．outstanding D．confident 8．A．efforts B．power C．spirits D．thought 9．A．especially B．completely C．actually D．generally 10．A．gave away B．gave off C．gave out D．gave up Passage B （2023-2024九年级上·广东广州·期中） We all go to school to study and learn different skills, but have you ever been taught in your dream? Wang Xizhi was a Chinese calligrapher(书法家), traditionally called the Sage of Calligraphy(书圣). Born in Shandong Province, he spent most of his life in the present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang. At the beginning, Wang Xizhi learned the art of calligraphy from Lady Wei. But later through practice, he made great progress and excelled his teacher. Nobody knows who taught him after Lady Wei. However, there is a story that Wang achieved his success by learning from his dream. It is said that Wang would practice calligraphy every day. Still, he was never satisfied with himself. One day, he was so tired that he fell asleep at his desk. In his dream, he saw an old man who said to him with a smile, “I will teach you something and you will find it very helpful in the future. Now reach out your hands.” Only half believing, Wang reached out his hand. The old man wrote a character on his hand and said with a nod. “Now you will be a calligrapher.” With this, he disappeared in the air. Wang looked at his hand and saw a character “永”. He thought over it for a whole night and finally realized that this character contained all the basic strokes (笔划) in forming Chinese calligraphy. After waking up from the dream, Wang kept practicing writing the character “永”. Later Wang became a well-known calligrapher. It is said that even in his lifetime a few of Wang’s characters or his signature were priceless. Unluckily, none of his works remains today. Down through the ages, however, many students of calligraphy, the most basic yet highest art in China, have learned from and copied his style. 1．Which of the following is the best to describe Wang? A．Skillful and easily-satisfied. B．Daydreaming and lazy. C．Open-minded and kind. D．Smart and hardworking 2．What is the closest meaning to the underlined word “excelled” ? A．Was proud of. B．Was better than. C．Helped. D．Disappointed 3．What is the correct order for the following events for Wang's life? a. He became well-known. b. He kept practicing writing the character “永”. c.He was so tired after practice that he fell asleep. d. A character was written on his hand in his dream. e. He realized how important the character “永” was in practice. A．e-a-d-c-b B．e-d-a-b-c C．c-d-e-b-a D．c-b-e-d-a 4．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Practice Makes Perfect B．A Famous Calligrapher's Dream C．From Dream to Success: The Story of Wang Xizhi D．A Famous Character of Wang Xizhi Passage C （2025·甘肃天水·三模）In ancient China, there were many shining names in the river of the history. Here are some great characters of that time. Confucius was a great educator and good at learning. Once Confucius and his students were on their way, a little boy suddenly stopped in their way and asked the master to go around the “city” that he made with bricks and stones. Confucius thought this boy was so smart and didn’t treat the “city” as a toy. The Master said, “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers. I will select their good qualities and follow them, their bad qualities and avoid them.” Li Bing was an expert in water projects. He set up many water projects. Dujiangyan is the most famous. It made water helpful to the people. Zhang Qian was born in Chenggu of Western Han Dynasty. He was an outstanding envoy and explorer in Chinese history, bringing much useful information about the west and opening up the ancient Silk Road, an important trade route connecting the east and the west. As a famous Tang Dynasty poet, Du Fu wrote over one thousand and five hundred poems. Most of them described the common people’s sufferings and sorrows during the terrible years of the Tang Dynasty, expressing his profound worry and deep love for his country and the people. Li Shizhen was born in 1518. He found many old medicine books full of mistakes. So he did his best to study medical science not only in his own garden, but also in the wild. He learned a lot from the working people. At last, he completed his great work Ben Cao Gang Mu, one of the greatest contributions to the medical science of the world. 1．Why is Confucius a great educator? A．Because he understood the boy and gave way to the “city”. B．Because he traveled with his students from state to state. C．Because he likes learning and had wise thoughts about education. D．Because he was smarter than others and read many books. 2．What did Li Bing do to help the people? A．He brought much useful information from the west. B．He set up many water projects. C．He travelled and wrote many famous poems. D．He helped many sick people in the village. 3．Zhang Qian ________. A．opened up the ancient Silk Road B．liked travelling to the west C．was an outstanding writer D．was born in East Han Dynasty 4．Li Shizhen studied medicine ________. A．at home B．in the wild C．by communicating with others D．A, B and C 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the article? A．The people are all great poets and have their own works. B．Du Fu is not only a great poet but also a super captain. C．Li Shizhen didn’t write any work. D．The people mentioned are all cared for the people. Passage D （2025·贵州贵阳·一模）阅读下面短文，从短文后框内选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Zhao Zhihai is known as the “father of hybrid millet (杂交谷子之父)”. 1 When he was a child, he often watched family elders count how many millet plants and what production could be expected. “At that time, I often thought about whether we could harvest more millet,” he said. “And this idea drove me to focus on millet research.” In 1982, after graduating from university, Zhao volunteered to return to Zhangjiakou. While most people there were working on main crops such as rice and corn, Zhao turned to millet research. 150 In his study on the advantages of hybrid millet, he broke away from the research methods that had been used for rice and corn. 2 “Millet has its own characters,” he said. “Using the improper research methods would probably lead to failure.” It took years for his team to research hybrid millet. 3 Zhangzagu 1 or Zhang Hybrid Millet 1 produced over 30 percent more than traditional millet on average (平均). Then in 2004, the world’s first herbicide­resistant (抗除草剂的) hybrid millet, Zhangzagu 2, was successfully grown, followed by the development of more kinds of millet. 4 In May 2008, he traveled to Africa for the first time and started successful millet­planting tests in Ethiopia. Since then, hybrid millet has become an important project in Africa. More than 10 countries have successfully grown it. A．Zhao has traveled to many countries. B．Zhao bravely used a new one that looked promising. C．Finally, the world’s first hybrid millet was born in 2000. D．He believed that small crops also needed some attention. E．He was born into a farmer’s family in Zhangjiakou in 1958. F．Zhao also aimed to help more countries improve production. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$