新概念英语第三册 Lesson 1 A Puma at Large 初高衔接英语课程-新概念课文改编练习

初高英语衔接课程-NCE3L1-课文改编练习 1. 短文填空。从下面方框中选择恰当的单词并用其正确的形式填入短文空格内，使短文意思正确、通顺（每词限用一次）。共10小题，每小题1分，记10分。 catch where print hunter trail obligation spot corner cling disturb yet accumulate Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been 1 forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began 2 , experts from the Zoo felt 3 to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. The 4 for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it 5 . The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. 6 it went, it left behind it a 7 of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw 8 were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found 9 to bushes. Several people complained of "cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is 10 to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. 2. 语法填空。用单词的适当形式完成短文。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（共10小题，每小题1.5分，记15分） Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When 1 (report) came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as 2 evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were 3 (extraordinary) similar. The hunt for the puma began in a small village 4 a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts 5 (confirm) that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left 6 it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur 7 (find) clinging to bushes. Several people complained of "cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported 8 (miss) from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the 9 (possess) of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. 10 is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. 3. 阅读理解。主旨大意。（共1小题，每小题2.5分，记2.5分） Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．A hunt for a wild puma B．Pumas: Experienced Escapers C．A puma at large D．Pumas: Men’s good friends 2022年高考英语全国甲卷阅读B篇真题 Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut. In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies. The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. 1．How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment? A．By following instructions. B．By using a tool. C．By turning the box around. D．By removing the lid. 2．Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text? A．Using a key to unlock a door. B．Telling parrots from other birds. C．Putting a ball into a round hole. D．Grouping toys of different shapes. 3．What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos? A．How far they are able to see. B．How they track moving objects. C．Whether they are smarter than monkeys. D．Whether they use a sense of touch in the test. 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers B．Cockatoos: Independent Learners C．Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers D．Cockatoos: Skillful Shape-Sorters 答案： 一、十二选十填空 1. spotted 2. to accumulate 3. obliged 4. hunt 5. is cornered 6. Wherever 7. trail 8. prints 9. clinging 10. disturbing 二、语法填空 1. reports 2. the 3. extraordinarily 4. where 5. confirmed 6. behind 7. was found 8. missing 9. possession 10. It 三、阅读理解 C 四、阅读真题 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种原产于澳大拉西亚的会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. ”（虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，它们在关在笼子里时就能熟练地使用工具）根据第二段第三句“In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. ”(在实验中，戈芬的鹦鹉能够在大多数情况下仅通过视觉识别来选择合适的工具。)可知，凤头鹦鹉在实验中用工具从盒子里取坚果。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age ”(在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆形的洞里)可知，一岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.”(根据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来选择形状)可知，后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试中是否使用触觉。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Coffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. ”(戈芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于大洋洲的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力与两岁的人类相似)可知，文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。故选D。 高考真题精读-自然生态环保话题 灰熊的回归 (2023·全国甲卷)-B2-荣耀黄金 Grizzly bears，which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg，occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see，and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear. “Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more，they’re increasingly being sighted by humans. The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came，with a rough number of 50，000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s，after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers，600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975，grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. Today，there are about 2，000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies，which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now，grizzlies remain listed. Obviously，if precautions (预防) aren’t taken，grizzlies can become troublesome，sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites，grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.”Our hope is to have a clean，attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits，”says James Jonkel，longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula. 28.How do Americans look at grizzlies? A.They cause mixed feelings in people. B.They should be kept in national parks. C.They are of high scientific value. D.They are a symbol of American culture. 29.What has helped the increase of the grizzly population? A.The European settlers’ behavior. B.The expansion of bears’ range. C.The protection by law since 1975. D.The support of Native Americans. 30.What has stopped the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de-listing grizzlies? A.The opposition of conservation groups. B.The successful comeback of grizzlies. C.The voice of the biologists. D.The local farmers’ advocates. 31.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.Food should be provided for grizzlies. B.People can live in harmony with grizzlies. C.A special path should be built for grizzlies. D.Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies. 【详细解析】 28. 解析： 文章第一段提到灰熊在美国人心理中占据“矛盾的角落”（a conflicted corner of the American psyche），既让人敬畏（revere），又带来可怕的噩梦（frightening dreams）。 关键词：conflicted（矛盾的）、revere（敬畏）、frightening dreams（可怕的噩梦）。 选项A中的“mixed feelings”（复杂情感）与原文的“conflicted”完全对应。 其他选项（B、C、D）均未在文中提及。 答案：A 29. 解析： 文章第三段提到，1975年灰熊被列入《濒危物种法案》（Endangered Species Act），之后数量从600-800只恢复到约2000只。 第四段进一步说明，由于法律保护（legal protections），灰熊数量恢复成功。 选项C中的“protection by law since 1975”与原文完全一致。 选项A（欧洲移民的行为）和D（美洲原住民的支持）与原文相反，欧洲移民的捕猎导致灰熊数量锐减。 选项B（活动范围扩大）是灰熊数量恢复的结果，而非原因。 答案：C 30. 解析： 文章第四段提到，美国鱼类和野生动物管理局（U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service）两次试图将灰熊移出保护名单（de-list），但因环保组织的诉讼（lawsuits from conservation groups）而被推翻。 选项A中的“opposition of conservation groups”与原文的“lawsuits from conservation groups”完全对应。 选项B（灰熊的成功恢复）是移出名录的原因，而非阻止的原因。 选项C（生物学家的声音）和D（当地农民的倡导）未在文中提及。 答案：A 31. 解析： 最后一段提到，如果人们清理庭院和营地的食物与诱饵（remove food and attractants），灰熊通常会安然经过（pass by without trouble）。此外，设置电网围栏（electric fencing）也能有效驱赶灰熊。 这些措施表明，人类可以通过适当的行为与灰熊和谐共处。 选项B中的“live in harmony with grizzlies”与原文主旨一致。 选项A（提供食物）与原文相反，原文强调要移除食物。 选项C（修建特殊路径）和D（引入技术）未在文中提及。 答案：B 总结： 28题：通过“conflicted”和“revere”等关键词，判断美国人对待灰熊的矛盾心理。 29题：抓住“Endangered Species Act”和“legal protections”等关键信息，明确法律保护是灰熊数量恢复的主要原因。 30题：根据“lawsuits from conservation groups”确定环保组织的反对是阻止灰熊移出名录的原因。 31题：通过最后一段的措施（移除食物、设置电网），推断人类可以与灰熊和谐共处。 最终答案： 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 【中译英练习】 灰熊，体长可达2.5米，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心理认知中占据着矛盾的角落——我们敬畏它们，即使它们会带来可怕的噩梦。询问涌入黄石国家公园的全球游客最希望看到什么，答案往往是一致的：灰熊。 "灰熊正在重新占领它们原有栖息地的广大区域，"熊类生物学家Chris Servheen说。随着灰熊将活动范围扩展到百年未见的地区，人类目击它们的机会越来越多。 当欧洲人到来时，美国西部遍布灰熊，大约有50,000只或更多与美洲原住民共存。到1970年代初，经过移民数百年的残酷持续捕猎，仅剩600-800只灰熊生活在北部落基山脉前栖息地的2%区域。1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法案》。 如今，美国约有2,000多只灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从保护名单中移除，这将放宽法律保护并允许捕猎。由于环保组织的诉讼，这两次尝试都被推翻。目前灰熊仍在保护名单之列。 显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊可能成为麻烦，有时会杀死牲畜或在庭院中觅食。如果人们清理庭院和营地的食物与诱饵，灰熊通常会安然经过。在鸡舍和其他牲畜区域设置电网围栏也能有效驱赶灰熊。"我们希望打造干净无诱饵的环境，让熊类经过时不会养成坏习惯，"长期研究熊类、负责密苏拉地区熊类管理的生物学家James Jonkel说。 ■ 重点单词 1. conflicted /kənˈflɪktɪd/ adj. having opposing feelings 矛盾的 Teenagers often feel conflicted about career choices. 青少年常对职业选择感到矛盾 2. psyche /ˈsaɪki/ n. human mind/spirit 心理 Childhood experiences shape adult psyche. 童年经历塑造成人心理 3. revere /rɪˈvɪr/ v. deep respect 敬畏 Ancient Egyptians revered cats as sacred. 古埃及人尊猫为圣物 4. flood /flʌd/ v. enter in large numbers 涌入 Fans flooded the stadium for the concert. 歌迷涌入体育馆观看演唱会 5. expand /ɪkˈspænd/ v. increase in size 扩大 Plants expand their roots to absorb water. 植物扩展根系吸收水分 6. century /ˈsentʃəri/ n. 100-year period 世纪 The invention changed 20th-century lifestyles. 这项发明改变了20世纪生活方式 7. cruel /ˈkruːəl/ adj. causing suffering 残酷的 The cruel punishment shocked the public. 残酷惩罚震惊公众 8. mere /mɪr/ adj. only/small amount 仅仅 A mere 5% difference decided the election. 仅仅5%的差异决定了选举 9. recovery /rɪˈkʌvəri/ n. return to health 恢复 Economic recovery requires coordinated efforts. 经济复苏需要协调努力 10. legal /ˈliːɡl/ adj. related to law 法律的 Legal documents must be notarized. 法律文件需公证 11. conservation /ˌkɑːnsərˈveɪʃn/ n. protection of natural environment 保护 Wildlife conservation requires global cooperation. 野生动物保护需要全球合作 12. overturned /ˌoʊvərˈtɜːrnd/ v. reverse a decision 推翻 The Supreme Court overturned the lower court's ruling. 最高法院推翻了下级法院的裁决 13. lawsuits /ˈlɔːsuːts/ n. legal cases in court 诉讼 The company faced multiple lawsuits for patent infringement. 该公司因专利侵权面临多起诉讼 14. precautions /prɪˈkɔːʃnz/ n. safety measures 预防措施 Fire precautions are mandatory in public buildings. 公共建筑必须采取防火措施 15. troublesome /ˈtrʌblsəm/ adj. causing problems 麻烦的 The software update proved troublesome for users. 软件更新给用户带来了麻烦 16. attractants /əˈtræktənts/ n. substances that lure animals 诱饵 Proper food storage reduces wildlife attractants. 妥善储存食物可减少野生动物诱饵 17. quarters /ˈkwɔːrtərz/ n. living spaces 住所 The research team set up temporary quarters in the forest. 研究团队在森林中搭建了临时住所 18. effectively /ɪˈfektɪvli/ adv. in an effective manner 有效地 The new policy effectively reduced pollution levels. 新政策有效降低了污染水平 19. endangered /ɪnˈdeɪndʒərd/ adj. at risk of extinction 濒危的 Poaching threatens endangered species worldwide. 偷猎威胁全球濒危物种 20. habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ n. natural environment 栖息地 Deforestation destroys animal habitats. 森林砍伐破坏动物栖息地 21. survival /sərˈvaɪvl/ n. continuation of life 生存 Clean water is essential for human survival. 清洁水源是人类生存的必需品 22. biological /ˌbaɪəˈlɑːdʒɪkl/ adj. related to living organisms 生物的 Biological research advances medical science. 生物研究推动医学进步 23. conflicts /ˈkɑːnflɪkts/ n. serious disagreements 冲突 The peace agreement ended decades of conflicts. 和平协议结束了数十年的冲突 24. settlers /ˈsetlərz/ n. people who establish new communities 移民 Early settlers faced harsh living conditions. 早期移民面临艰苦的生活条件 25. de-list /diːˈlɪst/ v. remove from a list 从名单中移除 The government plans to de-list some protected species. 政府计划将某些保护物种移出名录 ■ 重点短语 1. give sb frightening dreams cause nightmares 使人做噩梦 The accident scene gave him frightening dreams. 事故场景让他噩梦连连 2. flood into enter massively 涌入 Refugees flooded into neighboring countries. 难民涌入邻国 3. expand range increase territory 扩大范围 The company expanded its range to Asia. 公司将业务扩展到亚洲 4. listed under included in law 被列入 This drug is listed under controlled substances. 该药物被列为管制药品 5. legal protections law safeguards 法律保护 Legal protections for consumers are essential. 消费者法律保护至关重要 6. in search of looking for 寻找 Birds migrate in search of warmer climates. 鸟类迁徙寻找温暖气候 7. pass by go past 经过 Time passes by quickly during vacations. 假期时光飞逝 8. effective at successful in 有效于 This cream is effective at reducing wrinkles. 该面霜能有效减少皱纹 9. bad habits harmful behaviors 坏习惯 Nail-biting is a common bad habit. 咬指甲是常见坏习惯 10. manage wildlife control animals 管理野生动物 Rangers manage wildlife in nature reserves. 护林员管理自然保护区的野生动物 ■ 单句填空题（答案标黄） 1. The government plans to ______ the protected area to cover more ecosystems. (expand) 2. Historical buildings require special ______ to prevent damage. (conservation) 3. The judge ______ the unfair verdict after reviewing the case. (overturned) 4. Chemical ______ in cosmetics may harm sensitive skin. (attractants) 5. Strict laws provide ______ for endangered languages. (legal protections) 6. Desert animals have unique ______ adaptation strategies. (survival) 7. The new policy aims to ______ overhunted species. (de-list) 8. ______ conflicts often arise between humans and wild animals. (Habitat) 9. Early ______ cleared forests for farmland. (settlers) 10. Researchers study ______ diversity in rainforests. (biological) 答案： 1.expand 2.conservation 3.overturned 4.attractants 5.legal protections 6.survival 7.de-list 8.Habitat 9.settlers 10.biological 【巩固练习-B1-秩序白银】仿制题目 Elephants, which can grow up to 3 meters tall and weigh over 6,000 kilograms, hold a unique place in human culture—they are both feared for their power and respected for their intelligence. Ask tourists visiting African national parks what they most hope to see, and the answer is often the same: elephants. "Elephants are reclaiming parts of their historical habitats," says wildlife biologist Dr. Jane Mwangi. As elephants expand their range into areas where they haven't been seen in decades, human-elephant conflicts are increasing. In the early 20th century, Africa was home to an estimated 5 million elephants. By the 1980s, due to poaching and habitat loss, their numbers had dropped to around 600,000. In 1989, elephants were listed under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), which banned the trade of ivory. Today, there are approximately 415,000 elephants in Africa. Their recovery has been significant, but challenges remain. Some countries have proposed downgrading the protection status of elephants to allow controlled hunting, but these proposals have been blocked by conservation groups. If proper measures are not taken, elephants can cause significant damage, often destroying crops or breaking into villages in search of food. However, solutions like bee fences (using beehives to deter elephants) and community-based conservation programs have proven effective. "Our goal is to create a balanced environment where elephants and humans can coexist," says Dr. Mwangi. 题目： 1. How do people generally view elephants? A. They are seen as a threat only. B. They are considered a symbol of good luck. C. They are admired for their size but feared for their behavior. D. They are valued for their ivory. 2. What has contributed to the recovery of elephant populations? A. The expansion of human settlements. B. The ban on ivory trade under CITES. C. The increase in poaching activities. D. The development of new habitats. 3. What has prevented the downgrading of elephant protection status? A. The opposition from conservation groups. B. The success of controlled hunting programs. C. The decline in elephant numbers. D. The support from local communities. 4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Elephants should be kept away from human settlements. B. Humans and elephants can coexist with proper measures. C. Bee fences are the only solution to human-elephant conflicts. D. Elephants are no longer a threat to crops. 答案与解析： 1. 答案：C · 解析：文章第一段提到大象既因其力量让人恐惧（feared for their power），又因其智慧受人尊敬（respected for their intelligence）。选项C中的“admired for their size but feared for their behavior”与此相符。 2. 答案：B · 解析：文章第三段提到，1989年大象被列入《濒危物种国际贸易公约》（CITES），禁止象牙贸易，这有助于大象数量的恢复。选项B中的“ban on ivory trade under CITES”与原文一致。 3. 答案：A · 解析：文章第四段提到，一些国家提议降低大象的保护等级，但这些提议被环保组织阻止（blocked by conservation groups）。选项A中的“opposition from conservation groups”与原文完全对应。 4. 答案：B · 解析：最后一段提到，通过蜂箱围栏（bee fences）和社区保护计划（community-based conservation programs），人类可以与大象共存（coexist）。选项B中的“humans and elephants can coexist with proper measures”与原文主旨一致。 【写作提升】 Lesson1 A puma at large 摘要： The reports received by London Zoo that a puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London were similar in nature. A woman picking blackberries saw it first, but the puma moved from place to place,leaving a trail of dead deer and small animals. Paw prints and puma fur were found as well. ‘Cat-like noises’were heard at night and the animal was seen up a tree. Now experts were convinced that the animal really was a puma. (79 words) 作文： Mrs. Stone had spent the whole morning picking blackberries in the countryside near her home. It was nearly lunch time, so she decided to return for lunch. She was just picking up her basket when she heard a noise in the bushes. Then she saw an animal which looked like a cat. She knew it was not a cat because it was so large. The animal suddenly turned round to look at her and she thought it was going to come towards her and perhaps attack her. She dropped her basket and screamed loudly. Hearing the sound, the animal disappeared into the bushes, after which Mrs. Stone picked up her basket and ran all the way home.She told her neighbours that she had seen a puma in the countryside, but they did not believe her. She also telephoned the police but they didn't believe her either. (148 words) Page 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$