Unit 1 The mass media 过去完成时（单元核心语法精练）英语译林版2020选择必修第二册

Unit 1 The mass media 核心语法精练(过去完成时) 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 1 一、单句语法填空 1-5 二、完成句子 5-9 三、句型转换 9-13 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一 语篇语法填空(课文改编) 13-14 题型二 语篇语法填空(模考真题) 14-18 一、单句语法填空 1. When I arrived at the station, the train ________(leave). 【答案】had left 【详解】考查时态。句意：当我到达车站时，火车已经离开了。根据arrived可知，句子描述过去的动作，且结合语意，火车离开发生在“我到达车站”之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had left。 2. By the end of last term, we ________(learn) about 2,000 English words. 【答案】had learned 【详解】考查时态。句意：到上学期末，我们已经学了大约2000个英语单词。设空处为谓语，by the end of last term(到上学期末)是过去完成时的标志，所以用过去完成时，故填had learned。 3. Deputy Mayor of Waipa District Council, Liz Stolwyk noted that this was the third time that Waipa people ________(attend) both exhibitions. 【答案】had attended 【详解】考查时态。句意：怀帕区议会副市长Liz Stolwyk指出，这是怀帕居民第三次参加这两个展览。此处为固定句型“it/this was the first/second/third… time that从句”，意为“这是第一次/二次/三次……”，从句用过去完成时。故填had attended。 语法填空 This gesture was to express respect and care for her semifinal opponent, Spain’s Carolina Marin, who 4 (retire) from the match due to injury… During their semifinal match, Marin performed well but 5 (force) to stop after getting injured. 【答案】4. retired/had retired; 5. was forced 【解析】 4. 考查动词时态。句意：这个手势是为了表达对她的半决赛对手——西班牙选手卡罗琳娜・马林的尊重和关心，马林因伤退出了比赛……此处可理解为仅描述过去“退出比赛”这一动作，用一般过去时retired；也可认为“退出比赛”这一动作发生在“表达尊重和关心”之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时had retired。故填retired/ had retired。 5. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：在她们的半决赛中，马林表现出色，但受伤后被迫停止比赛。主语Marin和force之间是被动关系，即“被强迫”，根据performed可知用一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was forced。 语法填空 By the Song Dynasty, it 6 (grow) into a highly-developed art capable of relating stories of the Three Kingdoms before the rise of traditional Chinese opera. ... During the performance, as light shines on the human figures, vivid shadows 7 (project) onto a screen. 【答案】6. had grown ; 7. are projected 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到了宋朝时期，这种艺术形式已经发展得相当成熟，能够讲述三国时期的故事，而此时的中国传统戏曲尚未兴起。在表演过程中，当光线照射到人物形象上时，清晰的阴影就会投射到屏幕上。根据上文By the Song Dynasty可知为过去的过去，用过去完成时。故第6空填had grown。第7空中，主语shadows与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文as light shines on the human figures可知为一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are projected。故答案为had grown；are projected。 语法填空 Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you 8 (make) several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 9 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 【答案】8. had made 9. are achieved 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：当你刷牙的时候，你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。通常，通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略，可以取得更好的结果。根据时间状语By the time you brushed your teeth可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成时，谓语用had made。第8空故填had made；第9空中，根据时间状语Usually可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，时态应用一般现在时；主语better outcomes和动词achieve之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语better outcomes是复数，be动词应用are。故填are achieved。故答案为had made；are achieved。 10. By the end of last year, they ________(complete) half of the research task. 【答案】had completed 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：到去年年底，他们已经完成了一半的研究任务。根据时间状语By the end of last year意为“到去年年底”可知，该句表示在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时，过去完成时的构成是“had +过去分词”，complete为动词，意为“完成”，其过去分词形式为completed。故填had completed。 11. Although Tom insisted that he ________(hand) in his homework yesterday, Mr Wang still insisted he ________(do) it again. 【答案】had handed; should do/do 【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：尽管汤姆坚持说他昨天已经交了作业，王老师仍然坚持要他再做一遍。insist在表示 “坚持说，坚持认为” 时，从句根据实际情况用相应的时态；由 “yesterday”可知 “交作业”发生在 insisted之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时 “had + 过去分词”，hand 的过去分词是 handed，所以第一空填 had handed。insist在表示“坚决要求” 时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用 “(should) + 动词原形”，should 可以省略，所以第二空填(should) do。故填had handed ；(should) do。 12. The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he ________(meet) some European business partners. 【答案】had met 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：据说经理已从巴黎回来了，在那儿他与欧洲的一些生意伙伴见面了。由句中的“is said to have arrived”可知，arrive这个动作是在过去发生的，而见面的动作则是在arrive所表示的动作之前发生的，即发生在过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。故填had met。 13. Before humans arrived on the island, the species ________(live) in isolation and eaten the plants that naturally grew there. 【答案】had lived 【详解】考查时态。句意：在人类抵达该岛之前，该物种一直生活在与世隔绝的环境中，并以自然生长在那里的植物为食。动词live意为“生活”。根据句意和“Before humans arrived”可知，主句用过去完成时，表示过去的过去，故此处使用had lived构成过去完成时。故填had lived。 14. It was the second time that she ________(find) the tracks of the wild man. 【答案】had found 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是她第二次发现野人的踪迹。此处考查固定句型“It was the + 序数词 + time that...”，该句中that从句需用过去完成时，即had done，表示“过去的过去”，结合所给单词find，其过去分词为found。故填had found。 15. We scarcely/hardly ________(leave) the house when it began to rain. 【答案】had left 【详解】考查时态。句意：我们刚离开家，天就开始下雨了。此处为“scarcely/hardly...when...”固定句式，表示“一…… 就……”，其中scarcely/hardly后为主句，when后为时间状语从句。根据句意及从句中的时态可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，且“leave”这一动作发生在“began to rain”之前，即“过去的过去”，所以主句应用过去完成时。故填had left。 16. I ________(intend) to call on you, but was prevented from doing so. 【答案】had intended 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我本来打算去拜访你的，但被阻止了。根据句意以及“but was prevented from doing so”可知，此处描述的是过去某个时间点之前已经计划好的事情，但后来被阻止了，没有实现，所以应用过去完成时来表示“过去的过去”这一时间点之前已经完成的动作或状态。故填had intended。 17. You told me you ________(deal) with these letters. Why are they still here? 【答案】had dealt 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：你告诉我你已经处理过这些信了。为什么它们还在这里？根据句意以及“You told me”结合“Why are they still here?”可知，主句描述的是过去发生的事情，而从句中的动作“deal with these letters”发生在主句动作“told”之前，即“过去的过去”，所以应用过去完成时来表示。故填had dealt。 18. Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling that this little machine ________(take) up too much of my time, and that I could have done something more meaningful than just looking at a tiny screen all day. 【答案】had taken 【详解】考查时态。句意：有时我会有一种不安的感觉，觉得这台小机器占用了我太多时间，而且我本可以做一些比整天盯着小屏幕更有意义的事。根据句意和前文I had可知，take up 发生在had之前，用过去完成时。故填had taken。 19. The result was opposite to what I ________(assume). 【答案】had assumed 【详解】考查时态。句意：结果与我之前所设想的恰恰相反。作从句谓语，assume发生在主句谓语was opposite之前，用过去完成时。故填had assumed。 20. Take, for example, ________ famous football game on Christmas Day 1914. World War I ________(break) out months before. 【答案】the; had broken 【详解】考查冠词和时态。句意：以1914年圣诞节那场著名的足球赛为例。第一次世界大战在几个月前就爆发了。 第一空为特指1914年圣诞节那场著名的足球赛，应用定冠词the修饰；第二空，break在句中作谓语，根据时间状语months before可知，该动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had broken。故填①the；②had broken。 21. In order to hide his sadness, he talked and laughed as if nothing ________(happen). 【答案】had happened 【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：为了掩饰自己的悲伤，他谈笑风生，好像什么都没发生过。由talked and laughed可知，as if引导的从句表示与过去相反的事实，时态用过去完成时，因此空格处是had happened。故填had happened。 22. By the time she retired, her decisions ________(lead) the company to success. 【答案】had led 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到她退休的时候，她的决策已经带领公司走向了成功。本空为主句谓语，根据时间状语By the time she retired可知，主句的动作lead“带领”发生在从句动作retired之前，即“过去的过去”，主句时态要用过去完成时。故填had led。 23. After peaking in 2019, the museum’s visitor numbers ________(decline) to pre-2015 levels by 2023, according to the annual report. 【答案】had declined 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：根据年度报告，在2019年达到顶峰后，到2023年，博物馆的游客人数已经下降到2015年之前的水平。decline作本句谓语，根据时间状语by 2023可知，描述是过去的过去发生的事，用过去完成时。故填had declined。 二、完成句子 1. 当敌人占领这座城市时，这位科学家正忙于做他的研究。事实上，他专心于这项研究已经有好几天了。 When the enemy ________ the city, the scientist ________________ in doing his research. In fact, he ________________ with the research for many days. 【答案】occupied; was occupying himself; had been occupied 【详解】考查动词时态和固定短语。根据句意，第一空“占领”对应动词occupy，由“when”引导的时间状语从句可知，此处应用一般过去时，所以第一空为occupied；第二空“忙于做某事”为固定短语occupy oneself in doing sth.，结合语境，此处描述过去的某个时间动作正在进行，所以此处应用过去进行时，主语为第三人称单数，所以第二空为was occupying himself；第三空“专心于”为固定短语be occupied with，由“for many days”及全句为过去的语境可知，此处应用过去完成时，所以第三空为had been occupied。故填①occupied; ②was occupying himself; ③had been occupied。 2. 我怒火中烧，双手颤抖，因为他向我撒谎了。(since引导原因状语从句) I boiled with anger, with my hands trembling, ________________. 【答案】since he had told me a lie 【详解】考查原因状语从句和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“因为他向我撒谎了”，“因为”用since引导原因状语从句，“向我撒谎”是tell me a lie，“撒谎”发生在boiled with anger之前，因此用过去完成时，表示过去的过去发生的动作，因此空格处是since he had told me a lie。故填since he had told me a lie。 3. I ________________(intend) to see you yesterday, but I had an important meeting to attend. 昨天我本打算去看望你的，但我有一个重要会议需要参加。 【答案】had intended 【详解】考查时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“本打算”，“打算”是intend，“打算”的动作发生在had之前，had是一般过去时，因此空格处用过去完成时，即had intended。故填had intended。 4. 国王突然想到他将石头放在路中央很长时间却无人移走，这让他陷入了绝望。 ________________ he ________________ in the middle of the road for a long time and no one had moved it, ________________. 【答案】It suddenly occurred to the king that; had placed the stone; which made him fall into despair 【详解】考查固定句型、定语从句和固定短语。根据句意，第一空表示“某人突然想到……”常用句型“It occurs to sb. that...”，这里描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为occurred，“国王”是“the king”，所以第一空为It suddenly occurred to the king that；第二空表示“将石头放……”用“place the stone”，根据语境，“放石头”这个动作发生在“无人移走”之前，是“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时“had +过去分词”，所以第二空为had placed the stone；第三空表示“这让他陷入了绝望”，这里“这”指代前面整个句子的内容，此处可使用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，所以此处使用关系代词which，“使某人陷入……”可以为“make sb. +do”结构，“陷入绝望”可以为fall into despair，结合语境，此处使用一般过去时，所以定语从句的谓语动词为made，第三空为which made him fall into despair。故填①It suddenly occurred to the king that; ②had placed the stone; ③which made him fall into despair。 5. 他于1958年起献身于航空航天研究工作，为中国的航天事业做出巨大的贡献。 Since 1958 he ________________ aerospace science and research and ________________ the cause of China’s aerospace. 【答案】had been devoted to; made great contributions to 【详解】考查时态和短语。根据汉语提示可知，陈述过去的过去发生的动作，用过去完成时。“献身于”为“be devoted to”。“做出巨大的贡献”可用固定短语make contributions to。make需要过去分词，和前文中的助动词had构成过去完成时，是并列的谓语动词。“巨大的”可用形容词great，修饰名词contributions。故填had been devoted to ；made great contributions to。 6. 汤姆原本打算参加聚会，但他另有事务缠身。 Tom ________________ the party, but he was otherwise engaged.(intend) 【答案】intended to have attended/ had intended to attend 【详解】考查动词时态。表示“原本打算做某事”用intend to have done sth.，表示过去本应该发生但实际上没有发生的动作，且“打算”这一动作发生在过去，谓语用过去式intended；表示“参加”用attend，所以用intended to have attended。或者：Tom被告知或意识到自己有其他事情要做(这个过去的时间点)之前，他已经有了参加派对的意图，时态用过去完成时，表示“原本打算做某事”用had intended to do sth.，所以用had intended to attend。故填intended to have attended或had intended to attend。 7. 我本打算昨天给你字典的，但我忘记把它带来了。 I ________________ you the dictionary yesterday, but I forgot to bring it here. 【答案】had meant to give 【详解】考查虚拟语气。“打算做某事”mean to do sth.，“给”give，结合语意可知，说话人本打算把字典给对方，但计划未实现，动词intend用过去完成时态表示“本打算实现而未实现的计划”。故填had intended to give。 8. 我本打算要去参加那个聚会的，但是我不得不先完成那个讨厌的论文。 I ________ ________ to go to your party, but I had to finish that tiresome paper. 【答案】had planned 【详解】考查动词时态。表示“打算做”用plan to do，结合“本打算”表示原来的计划，用过去完成时。故填①had; ②planned。 9. 医生告诉我，我的膝伤已经康复，或许可以进行一些适度的锻炼。 My doctor told me I ________________ my knee injury and could possibly take some moderate exercise.(recover) 【答案】had recovered from 【详解】考查动词时态。表示“从……中康复”用动词recover from，且“康复”这一动作发生在医生告诉之前，即发生在过去的过去，时态应用过去完成时。故填had recovered from。 10. 会议结束时，她已经专心起草提案超过三个小时了。 By the time the meeting ended, she ________ ________ ________ ________ drafting the proposal for over three hours. 【答案】had been absorbed in 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。表示“专心于……”用be absorbed in。结合By the time the meeting ended可知，主句时态用过去完成时，表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。故填had been absorbed in。 11. 他戴着一块曾祖父传下来的手表，表上的划痕诉说着过去的故事。 He wore a watch that ________ ________ ________ ________ from his great-grandfather, its scratches telling stories of the past. 【答案】had been passed down 【详解】考查动词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“传下来的”，应用动词短语pass down“传承……”，从句“传下来”这个动作发生在主句“他戴着手表”之前，定语从句应用过去完成时，且手表与“传下来”之间是被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态had been done，pass的过去分词是passed。故填①had；②been；③passed；④down。 12. 因为这是第一次帮爸爸在户外做饭，我和哥哥也感到很兴奋。(it is/ was+ the first time that…) As ________________ Father cook food outdoors, my elder brother and I also felt thrilled. 【答案】it was the first time that we had helped 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“第一次……”句型为it was the first time that+过去完成时；主语为we；表示“帮助”用动词help。故填it was the first time that we had helped。 13. 这是我第一次躺在星空下，只有微风陪伴着我们。(it is/ was the first time that句型；with复合结构) ________________ beneath the stars, ________________ us. 【答案】It was the first time that I had lain; with only the breeze accompanying 【详解】考查固定句型和with复合结构。根据句意，第一空表示“这是我第一次躺”为固定句型“it is/ was the first time that”，结合句意，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以此处使用一般过去时，be动词为was，从句使用过去完成时，表示“躺”为lie，所以从句的谓语动词为had lain，位于句首单词首字母需大写，第一空为It was the first time that I had lain；第二空表示“只有微风陪伴”使用with复合结构，表示“只有微风”为only the breeze作宾语，表示“陪伴”为accompany，与宾语为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式accompanying，第二空为with only the breeze accompanying。故填①It was the first time that I had lain; ②with only the breeze accompanying。 14. 意识到发生了什么，他们抓起救援设备，跳上船，尽可能快地划桨。(作状语；what引导的宾语从句；as...as结构) ________________, they grabbed the rescue equipment, jumped into the boat and paddled ________________. 【答案】Realizing what had happened; as fast as they could 【详解】考查非谓语动词、宾语从句和固定短语。“意识到”使用动词realize，和逻辑主语they之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作状语，“发生了什么”译为一个宾语从句，“发生”使用动词happen，引导词在从句中作主语，使用连接代词what引导，happen表示的动作发生在grabbed之前，应用过去完成时；“尽可能快地”使用固定短语as fast as they could，使用一般过去时。故填①Realizing what had happened②as fast as they could。 15. 玛丽坚持说她没有做错任何事，她受到的惩罚是不公平的。 Mary ________________ and it was unfair that she got punished. 【答案】insisted that she hadn’t done anything wrong 【详解】考查宾语从句和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“坚持说她没有做错任何事”，“坚持说”是insist，后跟that引导的宾语从句，由was可知，时态用一般过去时，insist用过去式，“她没有做错任何事”发生在insisted之前，时态用过去完成时，翻译为“she hadn’t done anything wrong”，因此空格处是“insisted that she hadn’t done anything wrong”。故填insisted that she hadn’t done anything wrong。 16. Then the sun came out, and ________________ it was shining bravely and flushing the snow with delicate pinks. 接着太阳出来了，到我坐下来吃早餐时，阳光绚丽地照耀着，给积雪添上一抹柔和的粉色。 【答案】by the time I had sat down to breakfast 【详解】考查介词短语及时态。“到……的时候”可以使用介词短语by the time，引导时间状语从句，“坐下来吃早餐”译为sit down to breakfast，动作发生在主句动作之前，应用过去完成时。故填by the time I had sat down to breakfast。 17. ________________ I heard Dad’s phone ringing. 我已经睡着了，这时突然听到爸爸的电话响了。 【答案】I’d fallen asleep when 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。表示“睡着”使用动词短语fall asleep，此处使用had done when，表示“刚做完某事，这时……”，故填I’d fallen asleep when。 18. 他刚背完，教室里就爆发出震耳欲聋的欢呼声。(no sooner… than;倒装) ________________ than deafening cheers burst in the classroom. 【答案】No sooner had he finished 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“一……就……”用no sooner…than…结构，No sooner后用过去完成时，且用部分倒装结构，had提到主语he之前，表示“完成”用finish。故填No sooner had he finished。 19. 我的心沉了下去，因为我担心我所做的训练都白费了。(because引导原因状语从句；定语从句) My heart dropped, ________________. 【答案】because I was afraid all the training that I had done was wasted 【详解】考查原因状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“因为我担心”应用because I was afraid，为原因状语从句，时态与前面保持一致用一般过去时，afraid后引导宾语从句；表示“我所做的训练都白费了”应用all the training that I had done was wasted，这里宾语从句时态与前面保持一致，用一般过去时，其中 that I had done为定语从句，修饰前面all the training，时态用过去完成时表“过去的过去”。故填because I was afraid all the training that I had done was wasted。 20. 我很兴奋。因为这是我第一次有机会亲自买一份圣诞礼物。(第几次做某事) I was extremely excited. Because ________________ a Christmas gift in person. 【答案】it was the first time that I had had the chance to buy 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。表示“这是某人第一次做某事”用it is/was the first time that sb. have/has/had done sth.，根据第一句的was可知，句子为一般过去时，此处用was，从句用过去完成时had done。表示“有机会做某事”用have the chance to do，表示“买”用buy。故填it was the first time that I had had the chance to buy。 三、句型转换 1. They are going to hold a party next Sunday.(改为过去完成时) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】They had held a party before last Sunday. 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：他们在上周日之前举行过一次聚会。一般将来时改过去完成时，“are going to hold”变为“had held”，时间状语调整。故填They had held a party before last Sunday. 2. The teacher asked me, “Who broke the window?”(改为间接引语) The teacher asked me who ________ ________ the window. 【答案】 had broken 【详解】考查间接引语和时态。句意：老师问我是谁打破了窗户。直接引语变间接引语时，若主句是一般过去时，从句的时态要相应往前推。原句中broke是一般过去时且主句主语asked为一般过去时，间接引语要变为过去完成时had broken。故填①had; ②broken。 3. The teacher asked me, “Who broke the window?”(改为间接引语) The teacher asked me who ________ ________ the window. 【答案】had broken 【详解】考查间接引语和时态。句意：老师问我“谁打破了窗户？”直接引语变间接引语时，若主句是一般过去时，从句的时态要相应往前推。原句中broke是一般过去时且主句主语asked为一般过去时，间接引语要变为过去完成时had broken。故填①had；②broken。 4. Mary asked us, “What did you do to the little boy yesterday?”(用间接引语改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Mary asked(us) what we had done to the little boy the day before. 【详解】考查间接引语。句意：玛丽问我们：“你们昨天对那个小男孩做了什么？”直接引语变间接引语，原文为一般过去时，间接引语部分使用过去完成时，语序为陈述性语气，即what we had done to the little boy。yesterday变成the day before。us可以省略，故答案为Mary asked(us) what we had done to the little boy the day before. 5. “How many books have you bought?” Lisa said to Tom.(改为间接引语) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Lisa asked Tom how many books he had bought. 【详解】考查直接引语变成间接引语。句意：“你买了多少本书？”丽莎对汤姆说。said to Tom变成asked Tom，直接引语变成陈述性语气，现在完成时变成过去完成时。故填Lisa asked Tom how many books he had bought. 6. “Did you see the movie yesterday?” he asked.(直接引语改为间接引语) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He asked me whether/if I had seen the movie the day before. 【详解】考查句型转换。句意：“你昨天看电影了吗？”他问。根据要求可知，本句可以改为间接引语He asked me后接宾语从句，一般疑问句变为间接引语时，需用 whether或 if 引导宾语从句，表达“是否”的含义；直接引语中的第二人称you，根据语境在间接引语中变为第一人称I；直接引语中的一般过去时，在间接引语中要变为过去完成时，因为间接引语描述过去某个动作之前发生的事情；yesterday要变为the day before，以符合间接引语的时间逻辑。故答案为He asked me whether/if I had seen the movie the day before. 7. As soon as she heard the exciting news, she jumped with joy.(句型转换) → She jumped with joy ________________________________. →________________________________, she jumped with joy. →________________________________ she jumped with joy. 【答案】immediately/instantly/directly she heard the exciting news; The moment/The instant/The minute she heard the exciting news; No sooner had she heard the exciting news than 【详解】考查时间状语从句、时态、部分倒装。句意：她一听到这个激动人心的消息，就高兴得跳了起来。表示“一……就……”用immediately、instantly或directly替换As soon as，引导时间状语从句。表示“一……就……”，第二空可用the moment、the instant或the minute引导时间状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。表示“一……就……”，第三空用no sooner...than...，句首单词首字母大写，主句动作hear“听到”发生在从句动作jumped“跳 ”之前，主句用过去完成时，No sooner位于句首，主句用部分倒装，助动词had提前至主语之前。故填：①immediately/instantly/directly she heard the exciting news；②The moment/The instant/The minute she heard the exciting news；③No sooner had she heard the exciting news than。 8. “He painted the landscape here,” the artist mentioned.(使用间接引语改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The artist mentioned that he had painted the landscape there. 【详解】考查直接引语变间接引语。句意：“他画了这里的风景，”艺术家提到。直接引语为陈述句，变为间接引语时，用that引导从句，人称和时态要随之变化，主句的时态是一般过去时，直接引语中的动词时态要相应地变为过去完成时had painted；第三人称he不变；地点状语here改为there。故答案为The artist mentioned that he had painted the landscape there. 9. “This is the first time I’ve ever seen such a beautiful sculpture,” the visitor exclaimed.(使用间接引语改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The visitor exclaimed that it was the first time he had ever seen such a beautiful sculpture. 【详解】考查直接引语变间接引语。句意：“这是我第一次看到如此美丽的雕塑，”游客惊叹道。直接引语为陈述句，改为间接引语时用that引导宾语从句，且人称和时态要相应变化，由主句中exclaimed可知，主句使用一般过去时，that从句中，现在完成时have ever seen改为过去完成时had ever seen，is改为过去时was，第一人称I改为第三人称he。故答案为The visitor exclaimed that it was the first time he had ever seen such a beautiful sculpture. 10. By 10:00 am, I had been very hungry.(改为一般疑问句) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Had you been very hungry by 10:00 am? 【详解】考查一般疑问句。句意：早上10点的时候你是不是很饿？根据提示要求，将原句改为一般疑问句，即将助动词had置于主语前，位于句首，首字母需大写，主语I为第一人称，转换为一般疑问句后应改为第二人称you，将其它内容置于句尾，最后在句尾使用问号。故填Had you been very hungry by 10:00 am? 11. Paul said, “Our team has won the match.” Paul said that their team ________________ the match.(直接引语改为间接引语) 【答案】had won 【详解】考查直接引语改为间接引语。句意：保罗说他们队赢了这场比赛。直接引语改为间接引语时，直接引语现在完成时需要变成过去完成时。故填had won。 12. “How long have you worked in the company?” he asked me.(将直接引语变为间接引语) →________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He asked me how long I had worked in the company. 【详解】考查间接引语。句意：“你在公司工作多久了？”他问我。根据题目要求可知，变成间接引语后句子的意思是“他问我在公司工作了多久。”原句中直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语使用how引导宾语从句；从句主语you变成I；直接引语的时态是现在完成时，因为主句时态是一般过去时，变成间接引语后，从句时态相应变成一般过去完成时，have变成had；宾语从句要求使用陈述语序，故答案是He asked me how long I had worked in the company. 13. Mr. Green asked, “Jack, have you passed the exam yesterday?”(把直接引语变为间接引语) →________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Mr. Green asked Jack whether he had passed the exam the day before. 【详解】考查间接引语。句意：格林先生问杰克前一天是否通过了考试。直接引语中为一般疑问句，改为间接引语应为whether引导的宾语从句，一般疑问句语序改为陈述句语序，直接引语中的Jack与you为同一人，间接引语应把you改为he，根据asked可知，直接引语中的现在完成时应为过去完成时，直接引语的时间状语yesterday应改为the day before。故答案为Mr. Green asked Jack whether he had passed the exam the day before. 14. He asked, “Who cured you of your toothache?”(句型转换) →He asked me ________________ me of my toothache. 【答案】who had cured 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他问我是谁治好了我的牙痛。原句asked后是Who引导的特殊疑问句，作直接引语，改为间接引语时，可以用who引导宾语从句，作asked的宾语。直接引语使用了一般过去时，间接引语应用过去完成时。故填who had cured。 15. She said, “You have seen the film, haven’t you?”(句型转换) →She asked ________________ the film. 【答案】if/whether I had seen 【详解】考查直接引语变间接引语。句意：她问我是否看过那部电影。分析句子结构，这里是将直接引语变为间接引语。直接引语是一个反意疑问句，变为间接引语时，可用if/whether引导宾语从句，作asked的宾语，意为“是否”。直接引语中使用了现在完成时，间接引语应用过去完成时。直接引语中使用了You，所以间接引语应使用I。故填if/whether I had seen。 16. He asked, “Have you decided on your final topic for the composition?”(用间接引语改写) He asked ________ ________ ________ decided on my final topic for the composition. 【答案】whether I had 【详解】考查间接引语。句意：他问：“你决定作文的最后题目了吗?”；他问我是否决定了作文的最后题目。直接引语是一般疑问句，改为间接引语应用连接词whether引导宾语从句；根据asked可知，主句是一般过去时，直接引语中的现在完成时改为过去完成时；主语you改为I。故空1填whether；故填I；故填had。 17. She said to me, “You went to the party last night, didn’t you?”(变间接引语) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】She asked me whether I had gone to the party the night before. 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：她问我前一天晚上是否去参加晚会了。根据题干要求，将原句的直接引语转换为间接引语。从句表示询问不确定的事实，故使用whether引导宾语从句。同时，句子描述过去事实，故主语使用一般过去时，从句表示动作发生在过去之前，故使用过去完成时。故答案为She asked me whether I had gone to the party the night before。 18. Andy complained, “Though I did some research last week, I didn’t come to any conclusions yet.”(变间接引语) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Andy complained that though he had done some research the week before, he had not come to any conclusions yet. 【详解】考查直接引语改为间接引语。句意：安迪抱怨说，虽然他上个星期做了一些研究，但还没有得出任何结论。直接引语为一般过去时，变为间接引语时，时态需要变为过去完成时，间接引语的人称要与Andy 保持一致，last week 需要变为 the week before。故答案为Andy complained that though he had done some research the week before, he had not come to any conclusions yet. 19. She said, “I worked in Shanghai three years ago.”(同义句转换) →She said(that) ________________ three years before. 【答案】she had worked in Shanghai 【详解】考查时态、宾语从句和直接引语变间接引语。句意：她说:“三年前我在上海工作。”要求变成间接引语，动词后是宾语从句，从句变人称I为she，时间状语为 three years before，一般过去时改为过去完成时，故填she had worked in Shanghai。 20. “Have you got anything interesting I can read, George？” she said.(直接引语变成间接引语) →She asked George ________________ he ________ got something interesting she could read. 【答案】if/whether; had 【详解】考查直接引语和间接引语。句意：“乔治，你有什么有趣的书让我看吗？”她说。→她问George是否有什么有趣的东西可以读。本题中直接引语是一般疑问句，在变成间接引语的时候，应该改为宾语从句。宾语从句三注意：引导词、时态和语序。直接引语为一般疑问句，改为连接词if或whether“是否”引导宾语从句；主句中谓语动词asked为一般过在时，宾语从句中要用相应的过去时态，所以，直接引语中的现在完成时(have done)，在间接引语中要变为过去完成时(had done)。故填①if/whether；②had。 题型一 语篇语法填空(课文改编) 1. Reading We rely on news to learn about what is happening in the world around us. 1.________, we usually find that reports on the same events contain different or even contradictory information. It is advisable to remember that journalists may have different 2.________(priority). Even if news reports are written from 3.________(basic) the same perspective, they may contradict each other in terms of factual details. So check when the reports were written. News reports 4.________(write) at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts 5.________(bring) to light. Another aspect worthy of mention is that journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews differently. Therefore, checking different sources 6.________(enable) us to draw a more informed conclusion. In 7.________(conclude), it is wise to read news reports written from various perspectives and at different stages, which brings us a more accurate understanding of a situation. We also need to be critical about the information we receive and remember not to blindly trust 8.________ we have read. Though journalists are committed to 9.________(present) the truth, it is better to use our own judgement 10.________ rely entirely on news reports. 2. Extended reading Advertisements, which often use words and pictures 1.________(persuade) people to buy a product or service, can be found wherever we go. 2.________ successful advertisement will not only make people aware of a product or service, but also create a desire to buy, behind 3.________ advertisers have developed ways of persuading people into purchasing their products or services. One of the common techniques is to create 4.________(memory) slogans. 5.________ technique is to link their company or product to a brand ambassador. In addition, some advertisements are not so obvious, in which product 6.________(place) is typically used. For example, some films 7.________(sponsor) by leading brands, so that only their products appear in the film. Now, 8.________(advertise) is becoming more digital and more personalized, making it more possible for us to receive special discounts and promotions 9.________(target) specifically at us. In the future，the development in advertising will help companies target their customers more 10.________(efficient) to have a positive effect on sales. 【答案】 1. Reading 1. However 2. priorities 3. basically 4. written 5. are brought 6. enables 7. conclusion 8. what 9. presenting 10. than 2. Extended reading 1. to persuade 2. A 3. which 4. memorable 5. Another 6. placement 7. are sponsored 8. advertising 9. targeted 10. efficiently 题型二 语篇语法填空(模考真题) A (2024-2025学年高二下·浙江衢州·期中)Mu Sa, a livestream host of the Hui ethnic group from Zhongning, Ningxia, has become a perfect example of 1 the Internet has transformed many young unemployed people into useful talents contributing to society. After graduating from university, Mu struggled 2 (pursue) his dream in big cities. In 2021, he returned home after losing his job and began creating short videos about local people’s daily lives. A video clip 3 (show) his mother cooking local food turned out to be 4 surprise hit. It was the success of this video clip that inspired him to carry on. He 5 (gradual) found that village-related content was popular among his followers. With more and more fans, Mu started promoting local specialties on his account. The 6 (popular) of local specialties built up his confidence that he could work as a “salesman” for the agricultural produce of not only his own family 7 more importantly his hometown. In January 2023, Mu 8 (invite) to take part in a program at the CCTV in Beijing, introducing his life and promoting the farm produce of Ningxia. He brought his parents with him on the trip, 9 was their first time visiting the city. “Although livestream host is a common job, as long as I can take advantage of the platform to do something for my hometown, rather than only for 10 (I), I think I can do an extraordinary job,” Mu said. 【答案】 1. how 2. to pursue 3. showing 4. a 5. gradually 6. popularity 7. but 8. was invited 9. which 10. myself 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了宁夏中宁回族直播主播穆萨如何利用互联网平台，从一名失业青年转变为回馈社会的有用之才，通过直播推广家乡特产，为家乡发展贡献力量的故事。 1. 考查宾语从句。句意：穆萨，宁夏中宁的回族直播主播，已经成为互联网如何将许多失业的年轻人转变为对社会有用的人才的完美典范。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，需用连接副词how引导。故填how。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：大学毕业后，穆萨在大城市努力追求自己的梦想。struggle to do sth.为固定短语，意为“努力做某事”，空处需填动词不定式，作宾语。故填to pursue。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：一段展示他母亲做当地食物的视频意外走红。句子已有谓语turned out，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词短语a video clip，show和a video clip为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填showing。 4. 考查冠词。句意：一段展示他母亲做当地食物的视频意外走红。hit意为“很受欢迎的人(或事物)”时为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且surprise发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 5. 考查副词。句意：他逐渐发现，与乡村有关的内容在他的粉丝中很受欢迎。修饰动词found需用副词gradually，作状语。故填gradually。 6. 考查名词。句意：当地特产的受欢迎程度让他坚信，他不仅可以为自己家，更重要的是为家乡的农产品做“推销员”。定冠词the修饰名词，空处需填名词popularity，作主语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填popularity。 7. 考查连词。句意：当地特产的受欢迎程度让他坚信，他不仅可以为自己家，更重要的是为家乡的农产品做“推销员”。not only...but(also)...为固定短语，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 8. 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2023年1月，穆萨应邀参加中央电视台在北京的一个节目，介绍自己的生活，推广宁夏的农产品。根据时间状语In January 2023可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语Mu和invite为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为Mu，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was invited。 9. 考查定语从句。句意：他带着父母一起旅行，这是他们第一次来这个城市。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是trip，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 10. 考查代词。句意：“虽然直播主播是一个普通的工作，但只要我能利用这个平台为家乡做点事，而不仅仅是为了我自己，我认为我可以做一份出色的工作，”穆说。此处表示“我自己”，需用反身代词myself作宾语。故填myself。 B (2024-2025学年高二下·安徽安庆·期中)A 63-year-old Chinese grandpa’s traditional carpentry skills are delighting tens of millions 11 viewers online as he creates woodwork without glue, screws(螺丝钉) or nails. The Chinese master carpenter Wang Dewen, 12 (know) as “Grandpa Amu” on YouTube, has been nicknamed the modern day Lu Ban, 13 Chinese structural engineer during the Zhou Dynasty thanks to his vast carpentry knowledge. His most popular video which shows him   14 (make) a fantastic arch bridge spread on the platform last month, gaining more than 42 million views. Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon(榫卯) technique, which means no glue or nails involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge. Grandpa Amu has also made several 15 (wood) toys for his grandson using the same technique. Among all the items, a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing toy are his grandson’s 16 (favorite). The master carpenter   17 (draw) over 1.18 million viewers so far on YouTube. Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an Internet star 18 just an ordinary farmer. Grandpa Amu’s son and daughter-in-law now work full time on the videos whose   19 (popular) will help local villagers   20 (well) sell their farm produce than before. 【答案】 11. of 12. known 13. a 14. making 15. wooden 16. favorites 17. has drawn 18. but 19. popularity 20. better 【语篇导读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一位63岁“阿木爷爷”不用胶水、螺丝钉和钉子就能做出木工活，他的木工手艺在YouTube上受到了欢迎，成为“网络红人”。 11. 考查固定搭配。句意：一位63岁中国爷爷的传统木工技艺在网上让数千万观众感到欣喜，因为他在制作木工制品时不使用胶水、螺丝钉或钉子。分析句子可知，“tens of millions of”为固定搭配，意为“数以千万计的”。故填of。 12. 考查非谓语。句意：中国的木工大师王德文，在YouTube上被称为“阿木爷爷”，由于他丰富的木工知识，他被称为现代的鲁班 —— 中国周朝时期一位结构工程师。分析可知，所填空应是非谓语作后置定语，动词know与之前名词The Chinese master carpenter Wang Dewen之间为被动关系，即“被称为”，应用过去分词形式。故填known。 13. 考查冠词。句意：中国的木工大师王德文，在 YouTube 上被称为“阿木爷爷”，由于他丰富的木工知识，他被称为现代的鲁班 —— 中国周朝时期一位结构工程师。分析句子可知，此处“___ Chinese structural engineer during the Zhou Dynasty”是对Lu Ban的同位语解释说明，表示“一位中国周朝时期的结构工程师”，表泛指，应用不定冠词，Chinese是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用a。故填a。 14. 考查非谓语。句意：他最受欢迎的展示他制作一座奇妙拱桥的视频上个月在平台上传播开来，获得了超过4200万的点击量。分析句子可知，“show sb. doing sth.”为固定用法，意为“展示某人正在做某事”，这里表示视频展示了他正在制作拱桥的过程，应用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填making。 15. 考查形容词。句意：阿木爷爷还用同样的技术为他的孙子制作了几个木制玩具。分析句子可知，所填空应是形容词作定语修饰名词toys，wood的形容词形式为wooden，意为“木制的”。故填wooden。 16. 考查名词复数。句意：在所有的物品中，一个会走路的佩奇猪玩具和一个吹泡泡玩具是他孙子最喜欢的(东西)。分析句子可知，favorite为可数名词，根据“a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing toy”可知，这里指的是两个最喜欢的东西，应用复数形式。故填favorites。 17. 考查时态。句意：到目前为止，这位木工大师在 YouTube上已经吸引了超过118万的观众。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，The master carpenter与draw为主动关系，so far为现在完成时的标志词，意为“到目前为止”，主语The master carpenter为第三人称单数，助动词用 has。故填has drawn。 18. 考查连词。句意：阿木爷爷坚持认为他不是一个网红，而是一个普通的农民。分析句子可知，这里考查“not...but...”，为固定搭配，意为“不是……，而是……”，符合语境。故填but。 19. 考查名词。句意：阿木爷爷的儿子和儿媳现在全职从事这些视频的制作，这些视频的受欢迎程度将帮助当地村民比以前更好地销售他们的农产品。分析句子可知，whose为关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中作定语修饰名词，所以所填空应是名词形式主语，popular的名词形式为popularity，意为“受欢迎；普及；流行”，为不可数名词。故填popularity。 20. 考查副词比较级。句意：阿木爷爷的儿子和儿媳现在全职从事这些视频的制作，这些视频的受欢迎程度将帮助当地村民比以前更好地销售他们的农产品。分析句子可知，than before为比较级的标志词，这里应用副词well的比较级形式better来修饰动词sell，表示“比以前更好地销售”。故填better。 C (2024-2025学年高二上·河南三门峡·期末)Chinese influencer Li Ziqi made an 21 (expect) comeback on social media after a hiatus of over three years, delighting her fans with two new videos. The videos, 22 showcased the transformation of a shed into a woodland cloakroom and the 23 (create) of wardrobe doors using traditional Chinese lacquer ware techniques(雕漆工艺), 24 (release) across platforms like Ticktok, Sina Weibo, and YouTube. Despite her last content update on July 14, 2021, Li’s follower count continued to grow, with many fans 25 (eager) awaiting her return. Her new videos quickly propelled her to over 26.67 million followers on Sina Weibo and 50.15 million on Ticktok. Li’s return 26 (dominate) online trends, and she was met with an outpouring of support in the comment sections of her videos. She responded, expressing her own longing 27 her audience and promising to share 28 (much) when her schedule allows. ‌“Miss you!” she wrote. Starting in 2016, Li captivated audiences with her videos on Sina Weibo that depicted idyllic rural life, traditional cooking, and cultural practices. In 2020, she achieved a Guinness World Record for the most 29 (subscriber) on a Chinese-language YouTube channel, 30 (boast) 11.4 million followers at that time. Her return to content creation is a significant event for her millions of fans worldwide. 【答案】 21. unexpected 22. which 23. creation 24. were released 25. eagerly 26. dominated 27. for 28. more 29. subscribers 30. boasting 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国网红李子柒时隔三年多意外回归社交媒体，发布新视频，其回归占据网络热门，她曾因田园生活视频获吉尼斯世界纪录。 21. 考查形容词。句意：中国网红李子柒在三年多的停更后意外回归社交媒体，用两个新视频让粉丝们欣喜不已。提示词修饰名词comeback，结合语境可知此次回归是意想不到的，用反义形容词unexpected作定语，意为“意外的，意想不到的”。故填 unexpected。 22. 考查定语从句。句意：这些视频展示了一个棚屋如何变成一个林间衣帽间，以及如何用中国传统雕漆工艺制作衣柜门，它们在抖音、新浪微博和YouTube等平台发布。“_____ showcased the transformation of a shed into a woodland cloakroom and the...using traditional Chinese lacquer ware techniques”是一个非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词The videos，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 23. 考查名词。句意：这些视频展示了一个棚屋如何变成一个林间衣帽间，以及如何用中国传统雕漆工艺制作衣柜门，它们在抖音、新浪微博和YouTube等平台发布。提示词作谓语动词showcased的宾语，用名词creation，意为“创造，制作”，不可数名词。故填creation。 24. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这些视频展示了一个棚屋如何变成一个林间衣帽间，以及如何用中国传统雕漆工艺制作衣柜门，它们在抖音、新浪微博和YouTube等平台发布。release(发布)是谓语动词，与主语The videos之间是被动关系，且根据语境可知讲述发生在过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，助动词用复数形式were。故填were released。 25. 考查副词。句意：尽管她上一次更新内容是在2021年7月14日，但李子柒的粉丝数量仍在增加，许多粉丝急切地等待她的回归。提示词修饰动词awaiting，用副词eagerly作状语，意为“急切地”。故填eagerly。 26. 考查时态。句意：李子柒的回归占据了网络热门，她在视频评论区收到了大量支持。dominate(占据)是分句谓语动词，与主语Li’s return之间是主动关系，根据语境和后文“she was met with...”可知，事情发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。故填dominated。 27. 考查介词。句意：她回应道，表达了自己对观众的思念，并承诺在时间允许的情况下分享更多内容。longing for是固定短语，意为“对……的思念，渴望”。故填 for。 28. 考查比较级。句意：她回应道，表达了自己对观众的思念，并承诺在时间允许的情况下分享更多内容。根据语境可知是和之前相比分享“更多”，所以用much的比较级more。故填more。 29. 考查名词。句意：2020年，她创下了中文 YouTube 频道订阅人数最多的吉尼斯世界纪录，当时拥有1140万粉丝。提示词作介词宾语，根据“(subscriber) on a Chinese-language YouTube channel”可知，这里指“订阅者”，用可数名词subscriber，有the most(最多的)修饰，用复数形式。故填subscribers。 30. 考查非谓语动词。句意：2020年，她创下了中文 YouTube 频道订阅人数最多的吉尼斯世界纪录，当时拥有1140万粉丝。“_____ 11.4 million followers at that time”作伴随状语，boast(拥有)与其逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填boasting。 ( 2 / 18 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 The mass media 核心语法精练(过去完成时) 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 1 一、单句语法填空 1-2 二、完成句子 2-3 三、句型转换 3-5 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一 语篇语法填空(课文改编) 5 题型二 语篇语法填空(模考真题) 6-7 一、单句语法填空 1. When I arrived at the station, the train ________(leave). 2. By the end of last term, we ________(learn) about 2,000 English words. 3. Deputy Mayor of Waipa District Council, Liz Stolwyk noted that this was the third time that Waipa people ________(attend) both exhibitions. 语法填空 This gesture was to express respect and care for her semifinal opponent, Spain’s Carolina Marin, who 4 (retire) from the match due to injury… During their semifinal match, Marin performed well but 5 (force) to stop after getting injured. 语法填空 By the Song Dynasty, it 6 (grow) into a highly-developed art capable of relating stories of the Three Kingdoms before the rise of traditional Chinese opera. ... During the performance, as light shines on the human figures, vivid shadows 7 (project) onto a screen. 语法填空 Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you 8 (make) several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 9 (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 10. By the end of last year, they ________(complete) half of the research task. 11. Although Tom insisted that he ________(hand) in his homework yesterday, Mr Wang still insisted he ________(do) it again. 12. The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he ________(meet) some European business partners. 13. Before humans arrived on the island, the species ________(live) in isolation and eaten the plants that naturally grew there. 14. It was the second time that she ________(find) the tracks of the wild man. 15. We scarcely/hardly ________(leave) the house when it began to rain. 16. I ________(intend) to call on you, but was prevented from doing so. 17. You told me you ________(deal) with these letters. Why are they still here? 18. Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling that this little machine ________(take) up too much of my time, and that I could have done something more meaningful than just looking at a tiny screen all day. 19. The result was opposite to what I ________(assume). 20. Take, for example, ________ famous football game on Christmas Day 1914. World War I ________(break) out months before. 21. In order to hide his sadness, he talked and laughed as if nothing ________(happen). 22. By the time she retired, her decisions ________(lead) the company to success. 23. After peaking in 2019, the museum’s visitor numbers ________(decline) to pre-2015 levels by 2023, according to the annual report. 二、完成句子 1. 当敌人占领这座城市时，这位科学家正忙于做他的研究。事实上，他专心于这项研究已经有好几天了。 When the enemy ________ the city, the scientist ________________ in doing his research. In fact, he ________________ with the research for many days. 2. 我怒火中烧，双手颤抖，因为他向我撒谎了。(since引导原因状语从句) I boiled with anger, with my hands trembling, ________________. 3. I ________________(intend) to see you yesterday, but I had an important meeting to attend. 昨天我本打算去看望你的，但我有一个重要会议需要参加。 4. 国王突然想到他将石头放在路中央很长时间却无人移走，这让他陷入了绝望。 ________________ he ________________ in the middle of the road for a long time and no one had moved it, ________________. 5. 他于1958年起献身于航空航天研究工作，为中国的航天事业做出巨大的贡献。 Since 1958 he ________________ aerospace science and research and ________________ the cause of China’s aerospace. 6. 汤姆原本打算参加聚会，但他另有事务缠身。 Tom ________________ the party, but he was otherwise engaged.(intend) 7. 我本打算昨天给你字典的，但我忘记把它带来了。 I ________________ you the dictionary yesterday, but I forgot to bring it here. 8. 我本打算要去参加那个聚会的，但是我不得不先完成那个讨厌的论文。 I ________ ________ to go to your party, but I had to finish that tiresome paper. 9. 医生告诉我，我的膝伤已经康复，或许可以进行一些适度的锻炼。 My doctor told me I ________________ my knee injury and could possibly take some moderate exercise.(recover) 10. 会议结束时，她已经专心起草提案超过三个小时了。 By the time the meeting ended, she ________ ________ ________ ________ drafting the proposal for over three hours. 11. 他戴着一块曾祖父传下来的手表，表上的划痕诉说着过去的故事。 He wore a watch that ________ ________ ________ ________ from his great-grandfather, its scratches telling stories of the past. 12. 因为这是第一次帮爸爸在户外做饭，我和哥哥也感到很兴奋。(it is/ was+ the first time that…) As ________________ Father cook food outdoors, my elder brother and I also felt thrilled. 13. 这是我第一次躺在星空下，只有微风陪伴着我们。(it is/ was the first time that句型；with复合结构) ________________ beneath the stars, ________________ us. 14. 意识到发生了什么，他们抓起救援设备，跳上船，尽可能快地划桨。(作状语；what引导的宾语从句；as...as结构) ________________, they grabbed the rescue equipment, jumped into the boat and paddled ________________. 15. 玛丽坚持说她没有做错任何事，她受到的惩罚是不公平的。 Mary ________________ and it was unfair that she got punished. 16. Then the sun came out, and ________________ it was shining bravely and flushing the snow with delicate pinks. 接着太阳出来了，到我坐下来吃早餐时，阳光绚丽地照耀着，给积雪添上一抹柔和的粉色。 17. ________________ I heard Dad’s phone ringing. 我已经睡着了，这时突然听到爸爸的电话响了。 18. 他刚背完，教室里就爆发出震耳欲聋的欢呼声。(no sooner… than;倒装) ________________ than deafening cheers burst in the classroom. 19. 我的心沉了下去，因为我担心我所做的训练都白费了。(because引导原因状语从句；定语从句) My heart dropped, ________________. 20. 我很兴奋。因为这是我第一次有机会亲自买一份圣诞礼物。(第几次做某事) I was extremely excited. Because ________________ a Christmas gift in person. 三、句型转换 1. They are going to hold a party next Sunday.(改为过去完成时) ________________________________________________________________ 2. The teacher asked me, “Who broke the window?”(改为间接引语) The teacher asked me who ________ ________ the window. 3. The teacher asked me, “Who broke the window?”(改为间接引语) The teacher asked me who ________ ________ the window. 4. Mary asked us, “What did you do to the little boy yesterday?”(用间接引语改写) ________________________________________________________________ 5. “How many books have you bought?” Lisa said to Tom.(改为间接引语) ________________________________________________________________ 6. “Did you see the movie yesterday?” he asked.(直接引语改为间接引语) ________________________________________________________________ 7. As soon as she heard the exciting news, she jumped with joy.(句型转换) → She jumped with joy ________________________________. →________________________________, she jumped with joy. →________________________________ she jumped with joy. 8. “He painted the landscape here,” the artist mentioned.(使用间接引语改写) ________________________________________________________________ 9. “This is the first time I’ve ever seen such a beautiful sculpture,” the visitor exclaimed.(使用间接引语改写) ________________________________________________________________ 10. By 10:00 am, I had been very hungry.(改为一般疑问句) ________________________________________________________________ 11. Paul said, “Our team has won the match.” Paul said that their team ________________ the match.(直接引语改为间接引语) 12. “How long have you worked in the company?” he asked me.(将直接引语变为间接引语) →________________________________________________________________ 13. Mr. Green asked, “Jack, have you passed the exam yesterday?”(把直接引语变为间接引语) →________________________________________________________________ 14. He asked, “Who cured you of your toothache?”(句型转换) →He asked me ________________ me of my toothache. 15. She said, “You have seen the film, haven’t you?”(句型转换) →She asked ________________ the film. 16. He asked, “Have you decided on your final topic for the composition?”(用间接引语改写) He asked ________ ________ ________ decided on my final topic for the composition. 17. She said to me, “You went to the party last night, didn’t you?”(变间接引语) ________________________________________________________________ 18. Andy complained, “Though I did some research last week, I didn’t come to any conclusions yet.”(变间接引语) ________________________________________________________________ 19. She said, “I worked in Shanghai three years ago.”(同义句转换) →She said(that) ________________ three years before. 20. “Have you got anything interesting I can read, George？” she said.(直接引语变成间接引语) →She asked George ________________ he ________ got something interesting she could read. 题型一 语篇语法填空(课文改编) 1. Reading We rely on news to learn about what is happening in the world around us. 1.________, we usually find that reports on the same events contain different or even contradictory information. It is advisable to remember that journalists may have different 2.________(priority). Even if news reports are written from 3.________(basic) the same perspective, they may contradict each other in terms of factual details. So check when the reports were written. News reports 4.________(write) at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts 5.________(bring) to light. Another aspect worthy of mention is that journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews differently. Therefore, checking different sources 6.________(enable) us to draw a more informed conclusion. In 7.________(conclude), it is wise to read news reports written from various perspectives and at different stages, which brings us a more accurate understanding of a situation. We also need to be critical about the information we receive and remember not to blindly trust 8.________ we have read. Though journalists are committed to 9.________(present) the truth, it is better to use our own judgement 10.________ rely entirely on news reports. 2. Extended reading Advertisements, which often use words and pictures 1.________(persuade) people to buy a product or service, can be found wherever we go. 2.________ successful advertisement will not only make people aware of a product or service, but also create a desire to buy, behind 3.________ advertisers have developed ways of persuading people into purchasing their products or services. One of the common techniques is to create 4.________(memory) slogans. 5.________ technique is to link their company or product to a brand ambassador. In addition, some advertisements are not so obvious, in which product 6.________(place) is typically used. For example, some films 7.________(sponsor) by leading brands, so that only their products appear in the film. Now, 8.________(advertise) is becoming more digital and more personalized, making it more possible for us to receive special discounts and promotions 9.________(target) specifically at us. In the future，the development in advertising will help companies target their customers more 10.________(efficient) to have a positive effect on sales. 题型二 语篇语法填空(模考真题) A (2024-2025学年高二下·浙江衢州·期中)Mu Sa, a livestream host of the Hui ethnic group from Zhongning, Ningxia, has become a perfect example of 1 the Internet has transformed many young unemployed people into useful talents contributing to society. After graduating from university, Mu struggled 2 (pursue) his dream in big cities. In 2021, he returned home after losing his job and began creating short videos about local people’s daily lives. A video clip 3 (show) his mother cooking local food turned out to be 4 surprise hit. It was the success of this video clip that inspired him to carry on. He 5 (gradual) found that village-related content was popular among his followers. With more and more fans, Mu started promoting local specialties on his account. The 6 (popular) of local specialties built up his confidence that he could work as a “salesman” for the agricultural produce of not only his own family 7 more importantly his hometown. In January 2023, Mu 8 (invite) to take part in a program at the CCTV in Beijing, introducing his life and promoting the farm produce of Ningxia. He brought his parents with him on the trip, 9 was their first time visiting the city. “Although livestream host is a common job, as long as I can take advantage of the platform to do something for my hometown, rather than only for 10 (I), I think I can do an extraordinary job,” Mu said. B (2024-2025学年高二下·安徽安庆·期中)A 63-year-old Chinese grandpa’s traditional carpentry skills are delighting tens of millions 11 viewers online as he creates woodwork without glue, screws(螺丝钉) or nails. The Chinese master carpenter Wang Dewen, 12 (know) as “Grandpa Amu” on YouTube, has been nicknamed the modern day Lu Ban, 13 Chinese structural engineer during the Zhou Dynasty thanks to his vast carpentry knowledge. His most popular video which shows him   14 (make) a fantastic arch bridge spread on the platform last month, gaining more than 42 million views. Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon(榫卯) technique, which means no glue or nails involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge. Grandpa Amu has also made several 15 (wood) toys for his grandson using the same technique. Among all the items, a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing toy are his grandson’s 16 (favorite). The master carpenter   17 (draw) over 1.18 million viewers so far on YouTube. Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an Internet star 18 just an ordinary farmer. Grandpa Amu’s son and daughter-in-law now work full time on the videos whose   19 (popular) will help local villagers   20 (well) sell their farm produce than before. C (2024-2025学年高二上·河南三门峡·期末)Chinese influencer Li Ziqi made an 21 (expect) comeback on social media after a hiatus of over three years, delighting her fans with two new videos. The videos, 22 showcased the transformation of a shed into a woodland cloakroom and the 23 (create) of wardrobe doors using traditional Chinese lacquer ware techniques(雕漆工艺), 24 (release) across platforms like Ticktok, Sina Weibo, and YouTube. Despite her last content update on July 14, 2021, Li’s follower count continued to grow, with many fans 25 (eager) awaiting her return. Her new videos quickly propelled her to over 26.67 million followers on Sina Weibo and 50.15 million on Ticktok. Li’s return 26 (dominate) online trends, and she was met with an outpouring of support in the comment sections of her videos. She responded, expressing her own longing 27 her audience and promising to share 28 (much) when her schedule allows. ‌“Miss you!” she wrote. Starting in 2016, Li captivated audiences with her videos on Sina Weibo that depicted idyllic rural life, traditional cooking, and cultural practices. In 2020, she achieved a Guinness World Record for the most 29 (subscriber) on a Chinese-language YouTube channel, 30 (boast) 11.4 million followers at that time. Her return to content creation is a significant event for her millions of fans worldwide. ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$