Unit 1 Food matters 动词不定式作主语和表语（单元核心语法精练）英语译林版2020选择必修第一册

Unit 1 Food matters 核心语法精练(动词不定式作主语和表语) 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 1 一、单句语法填空 1-2 二、完成句子 2-3 三、句型转换 3-4 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一 语篇语法填空(课文改编) 5 题型二 语篇语法填空(模考真题) 5-7 一、单句语法填空 1. I suppose it never occurred to him ________(meet) with such a big problem. 2. It’s an honour ________(select)to this band. 3. At that moment Kelman realized it was no longer his job ________(protect) his friend. 4. It is abnormal for Mr.Lee ________(donate) some money to the poor children, because he is a selfish man. 5. It is my turn ________(clean) the classroom this week. 6. For this person who has committed a serious mistake, it is such a great relief ________(forgive) by others. 7. ________(master) a foreign language requires consistent practice and cultural immersion. 8. It is highly important ________(bridge) the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access to the Internet. 9. It took the surgeon three hours ________(finish) my mother’s long surgery. 10. It is natural ________(think) in this way, but of course it wasn't the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone. 11. If we grow up eating certain foods in our family, then those foods tend ________(link) with positive emotions. 12. Don’t hesitate ________(ask) others for help when you’re in difficulty. 13. John struggled ________(pass) his final examination. 14. Make sure ________(speak) with your doctor. 15. I fail ________(see) why you feel it so amusing. 16. He pretended ________(like) us, but he didn’t. 17. How did you manage ________(finish) it so soon? 18. Don’t be cheated by products claiming ________(help) to lose weight in a week.) 19. We all have to learn ________(forgive). 20. They decided ________(decorate) the classroom to welcome the new students.) 二、完成句子 1. Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was hard to ________ the painting as there were so many people around. 朱迪的眼睛盯着梵高的《向日葵》。周围有那么多人，很难接近这幅画。 2. ________________ no one solution is better than the other. 没有哪一个解决方案比其他的更好, 知道这一点是重要的。 3. When we use metals, ________________ how they react with different substances, for example, water and oxygen. 当我们使用金属时，了解它们与不同的物质如何反应是很重要的，例如, 水和氧气。 4. ________________ like that — in fact, a lot of people get space sick. 像那样漂浮很奇怪——事实上，很多人都晕船了。 5. “________________,” said Mr. Anderson, “but ________________.” “这很难解释。”安德森先生说，“但用眼睛看的话，会很容易。” 6. 我很荣幸能成为这些孩子生活的一部分，即使只是几个小时，了解他们，听他们的故事。 ________________________, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories. 7. ________________ to have spent a day with Tombe’s family. 与汤贝一家人度过了一天，真是荣幸。 8. 每个周末打扫房子花费她两个小时。 ________________ the house every weekend. 9. It is our duty ________________. 保护我们的地球不受污染是我们的职责。 10. It is not easy ________________. 在这个小镇要找到路很不容易。 11. Online shopping websites and social media apps have ________________________. [“make it＋adj.＋(for sb.)＋to do sth.”表示“(对某人来说)做某事是……”] 购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们为至亲至爱花更多钱购买礼物。 12. He ________________ hello. 他连打声招呼都不肯。 13. We need to overcome difficulties, not ________________. 我们要克服困难，不要被困难压倒。 14. I ________________ that I cannot go with you. 我很遗憾地告诉你我不能与你同去。 15. What do you intend ________________ when you get to this place? 你打算到这里干什么？ 16. 他尽力使我相信这个消息的真实性，但他无法提供令人信服的证据，所以他的说法似乎没有说服力。 He tried to ________ me of the truth of the news but he couldn’t provide ________ proof. Therefore, it seemed that he didn’t speak ________. 17. 别忘了提前在网上办理登机手续并打印登机牌。 Don’t forget to ________ ________ online and print your boarding pass ________ ________. 18. 也不要忘了在下午两点之前到那儿。 Don’t forget ________________ before 2 pm too. 19. It was not until I was looking for a job that I found ________ ________ ________ ________ English well.     直到找工作的时候我才发现学好英语很重要。 20. 尽管考试至关重要，林巧稚认为暂停考试去救助他人是一种道德责任。(it作形式宾语) ________________________, Lin Qiaozhi ________________________. 三、句型转换 1. Reducing the income gap in order to build a harmonious society is a requirement.(用it作形式主语改写) ________________________________________________________________ 2. Learning English well is easy for you if you study hard. →________________ if you study hard.(It+be+形容词+for sb. +动词不定式) 3. will take/nutrition specialist/a balanced diet menu/make/an hour/for you(改写it作形式主语结构) ________________________________________________________________ 4. You are careless to make so many mistakes in the exam.(同义句转换) →________________ so many mistakes in the exam. 5. Learning English well is easy for you if you study hard.(同义句转换) →________________ English well if you study hard.(it + be + adj. + for sb. + 动词不定式) 6. During our four days in Paris, we spent one whole day visiting the Louvre Museum.(同义句转换) →During our four days in Paris, ________________ us one whole day ________________ the Louvre Museum. 7. The book took the writer 3 years to finish.(同义句转换) →________________ 3 years ________________ the book. →The writer ________________ 3 years ________________ the book. 8. To swim in the rivers does you a lot of good.(同义句转换) It does you a lot of good ________ ________ in the rivers. 9. —Mary, how about going to the movies after supper? —Going to the movies after supper sounds great!(同义句转换) —Mary, how about going to the movies after supper? —________________________! 10. It is impossible that a child can lift such a heavy box.(用动词不定式to do改写) It is impossible ________________ such a heavy box. 11. Tom pretended that he hadn’t heard about the news, but in fact he knew it very well last week. → Tom ________________ about the news, but in fact he knew it very well last week.(pretend to have done) 12. These small trees need taking good care of.(改为被动语态) →These small trees need ________________. 13. The program was set up with the intention of helping the homeless.(句型转换) →The program, which ________________ the homeless, was set up. →The program, intended ________________ the homeless, was set up. 14. The worker pretended that he had finished the work.(句型转换) →The worker pretended ________________. 15. Sarah didn’t pass the driving test.(句型转换) Sarah ________ ________ ________ the driving test. 16. I believe that it is necessary that you should pay a visit to your school friends.(句型转换) →I believe it necessary ________________ a visit to your school friends. 17. I think that it is our duty to do something for the people in need of help.(句型转换) →I think ________________ something for the people in need of help. 18. 用it作形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语升级句子 I think it is necessary to learn and use body language in our daily life. ________________________________________________________ 19. Many freshmen find that it is quite challenging to make a workable schedule for both studies and extra-curricular activities.(用it作形式宾语改写) ________________________________________________________ 20. They find it is hard to finish the work in such a short time.(同义句转换) →They ________________ in such a short time.(it作形式宾语) 题型一 语篇语法填空(课文改编) 1. Reading In this article, we will talk about comfort food 1.________ power lies in the associations it calls to mind. Our comfort foods are 2.________(high) individual. They vary from person to person, depending on our own unique experiences that 3.________(shape) our lives. If we grow up eating certain foods in our family, then those foods tend to 4.________(link) with positive emotions. The feeling of happiness and sense of 5.________(belong) can become particularly important for people who move away from their home country. According to some food experts, there are some aspects of culture that people will lose right away, but with food, there are more opportunities 6.________(connect) to memory, family and place. 7. ________ is hardest to give up the food that you grow up with. One mouthful 8. ________ comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, 9.________(give) us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and relieving feelings of homesickness. Comfort food tastes good and by building an 10.________(emotion) bond with our happy memories, always makes us feel good. It’s food for the soul. 2. Extended reading Sichuan hot pot is famous in China, which is to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to let loose rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon. When we are having it, its surface is often covered 1. ________ a beautiful layer of chillies, etc. The hot flavour quickened our laughter and conversation, 2.________(make) the meal the perfect way to relax with friends. Sichuan hot pots are suitable for the damp, 3.________(fog) climate. They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty. Over time, it 4.________(expand) to include multiple options. Salted duck is Nanjing’s most famous food. 5.________(serve) plain in thin，white slices, the meat is juicy and salty. Each Nanjing salted duck takes several days to prepare, and the process includes salting, drying, boiling and cooling. The countryside around Nanjing has been famous for its ducks for centuries and 6.________(it) history can be back to the late Qing Dynasty. 7.________(tradition), duck is considered to have cooling 8.________(property) and is appropriate for the hot summer months. Cantonese dim sum is 9.________ essential part of the people’s daily life in Guangdong. Teahouses have been common since the Tang Dynasty, but the Cantonese innovation happened in the mid-19th century. The Cantonese go to the restaurants to have conversation about business, family or pleasure, 10. ________ locals can spend hours together chatting, drinking tea and working their way through the menu. 题型二 语篇语法填空(模考真题) A (2024-2025学年高二下·浙江温州·期末)Naipizi yogurt, or milk-skin yogurt, has emerged as Beijing’s 1 (late) internet-famous special cuisine. Combining traditional Mongolian dairy craftsmanship with modern dessert appeal, the smooth yogurt with its rich taste and unique flavor 2 (strike) a sweet spot among China’s youth recently. Naipizi is a regional cuisine from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It 3 (make) by boiling fresh milk and allowing it to cool. During the production process, exploded milk fat drops absorb milk proteins, 4 reduces surface tension and enables the formation of a stable skin layer. As a result, traditional milk skin contains an exceptionally high fat, reaching up to 5 (approximate)60 percent. To some extent, naipizi yogurt can be considered a modern 6 (revive) of traditional Beijing yogurt. 7 a new type of yogurt, naipizi does not undergo any stirring during fermentation(发酵), 8 (result) in a thick, spoon-friendly mixture reminding us of custard(蛋奶糕). China’s Dietary Guidelines recommend 300-500g of dairy intake daily for adults, 9 current national consumption averages less than one-tenth of this suggested target. Therefore naipizi yogurt has emerged as 10 effective solution to people’s dairy shortage. While not low calorie, naipizi presents a nutritional alternative to tasty desserts like sugar-laden cheesecakes. B (2024-2025学年高二下·安徽安庆·阶段练习)As the coffee harvesting season arrives, Pu’er city in Yunnan province, known 11 China’s coffee capital, is alive with the smell of fresh drinks. Visitors can sip coffee while watching wild Asian elephants wander 12 (free) in their natural habitat. “It’s breathtaking to sit here with a cup of coffee and watch elephants on the hillside. It’s unforgettable,” says Huang Daxiang, an 13 (invest) in the manor(庄园)。 Ma Li, a visitor from Shanghai, engages 14 (she) in coffee fruit picking, gaining insights into the complete journey from cultivation and roasting to brewing. “It was a very rewarding experience,” she says. The manor also provides interactive experiences, such as crafting coffee soap and making coffee bean beads, inviting guests 15 (explore) diverse facets of coffee culture. There are more than 20 quality coffee manors in Pu’er, 16 integrate coffee culture and tourism, including five listed as provincial-level coffee manors. Lou Yuqiang, an associate researcher at the Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, says promoting coffee manors in Yunnan is 17 positive step toward development and will help extend the coffee chain. In addition to manors, Pu’er has been hosting coffee-themed fairs and other events, displaying local and national brands and featuring cultural 18 (perform). During the 2025 Spring Festival holiday, spanning from late January to early February, Pu’er 19 (witness) a 13.71 percent year-on-year increase in tourist arrivals, totaling 3.25 million. Tourism incomes rose by 13.21 percent 20 (compare) to the previous year, reaching 3.44 billion yuan($475 million). “The integration of coffee and tourism has become a new symbol of the tourism industry of Pu’er,” says Zhang Qiying, deputy director of the city’s culture and tourism bureau. C (2024-2025学年高二下·山东淄博·阶段练习)Since March, the hashtag TianshuiMalatang, referring to a popular type of street food, 21 (receive) more than 140m views on Weibo, a social-media platform. Look back a few hundred years, though, and chillies(辣椒) were nowhere 22 (find). Unlike ginger and Sichuan peppers, which are native to the region and widely used, chilli peppers were brought to China 23 America by Portuguese and Dutch explorers only in the 16th century. At first, nobody ate them. For at least 50 years, they were grown as decorative plants, 24 (value) for their cheerfully bright colour and tiny white flowers, and occasionally used as medicinal herbs. During China’s last imperial(皇朝) period, a system 25 taxed salt forced farmers in Guizhou province to look for 26 alternative. They chose chillies, which produce several crops a year and take up little land. From there, a new flavour 27 (unlock). The pepper steadily spread to other rural areas of China, 28 its overpowering flavour prevented it from getting near the tables of urban families. With the industrialisation, hundreds of millions of people poured into big cities, 29 (bring) with them the spicy flavours of home. Chillies are now used in street food, fine dining and snacks in 30 (region) with little tradition of heat. ( 7 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Food matters 核心语法精练(动词不定式作主语和表语) 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 1 一、单句语法填空 1-4 二、完成句子 4-8 三、句型转换 8-12 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 12 题型一 语篇语法填空(课文改编) 12-13 题型二 语篇语法填空(模考真题) 13-17 一、单句语法填空 1. I suppose it never occurred to him ________(meet) with such a big problem. 【答案】to meet 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我想他从未想到会遇到这么大的问题。句中it为形式主语，空处应用动词不定式作真正的主语；occur to sb.“某人突然想到”。故填to meet。 2. It’s an honour ________(select)to this band. 【答案】to be selected 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定结构。句意：被选入这个乐队是一种荣誉。分析句子结构，考查的是固定句式 It is an honour to do sth.，该句中it为形式主语，该空动词select应该使用动词不定式形式作真正的主语；select为及物动词，在句意“被选入这个乐队是一种荣誉”中，隐含的逻辑主语(即“感到荣幸的人”)是select 这个动作的承受者(“某人被挑选”入乐队)。因此，动词不定式与逻辑主语之间是被动关系。因此，此处应使用动词不定式的被动形式(to be + 过去分词)作真正主语。故填to be selected。 3. At that moment Kelman realized it was no longer his job ________(protect) his friend. 【答案】to protect 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在那一刻，凯尔曼意识到保护他的朋友不再是他的工作了。分析句子结构可知，it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的内容，“it is/was one’s job to do sth.”是常用句型，意为“做某事是某人的工作”，用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to protect。 4. It is abnormal for Mr.Lee ________(donate) some money to the poor children, because he is a selfish man. 【答案】to donate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：李先生给贫困儿童捐钱是反常的，因为他是个自私的人。根据固定句型“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”可知，此处应用动词不定式作真正的主语，it为形式主语。故填to donate 5. It is my turn ________(clean) the classroom this week. 【答案】to clean 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这周轮到我打扫教室了。根据固定句型“It is one’s turn to do sth.”表示“轮到某人做某事”，其中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式结构。因此，此处应为动词不定式形式to clean。故填to clean。 6. For this person who has committed a serious mistake, it is such a great relief ________(forgive) by others. 【答案】to be forgiven 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于这个犯了严重错误的人来说，被别人原谅是一种极大的解脱。“it is + n. + to do sth.”的固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，且forgive(原谅)与其逻辑主语this person之间是被动关系，用动词不定式的被动形式to be forgiven作主语。故填to be forgiven。 7. ________(master) a foreign language requires consistent practice and cultural immersion. 【答案】To master 【详解】考查不定式。句意：掌握一门外语需要不断的联系和文化融入。此处在句中作主语，且此处表示“具体的行为”，故应用不定式作主语，故填To master。 8. It is highly important ________(bridge) the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access to the Internet. 【答案】to bridge 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：消除数字鸿沟，确保每个人都能上网是非常重要的。本句考查固定句型“It is+形容词+to do sth”，It为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语，所以此处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to bridge。 9. It took the surgeon three hours ________(finish) my mother’s long surgery. 【答案】to finish 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：外科医生花了三个小时才完成我母亲的大手术。It takes sb sometime to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人一些时间”，it为形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故填to finish。 10. It is natural ________(think) in this way, but of course it wasn't the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone. 【答案】to think 【详解】考查不定式。句意：这样思考是很自然的，但当然，并不是雨伞启发了花朵，也不是屋顶启发了松果。分析句子可知，这里考查“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”这个固定句型，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to do sth.。故填to think。 11. If we grow up eating certain foods in our family, then those foods tend ________(link) with positive emotions. 【答案】to be linked 【详解】考查动词。句意：如果我们在家庭中成长过程中一直吃某些特定的食物，那么那些食物往往会与积极的情绪联系在一起。tend to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“倾向于做某事”，其后用不定式作宾语，又因link与其逻辑主语those foods之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动式作宾语。故填to be linked。 12. Don’t hesitate ________(ask) others for help when you’re in difficulty. 【答案】to ask 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你遇到困难时，不要犹豫向别人求助。hesitate to do sth.为固定短语，意为“犹豫做某事”，故空处用动词不定式作宾语，故填to ask。 13. John struggled ________(pass) his final examination. 【答案】to pass 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：约翰努力通过期末考试。此处为非谓语动词作宾语，根据struggle to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“努力做某事；挣扎着做某事”可知，此处使用动词不定式“to pass”作宾语。故填to pass。 14. Make sure ________(speak) with your doctor. 【答案】to speak 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一定要和你的医生谈谈。make sure to do sth.为固定用法，表示“确保做某事；一定要做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to speak。 15. I fail ________(see) why you feel it so amusing. 【答案】to see 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我不明白你为什么觉得它如此有趣。fail to do sth.是固定搭配，意为 “未能做某事；做某事失败”。故填to see。 16. He pretended ________(like) us, but he didn’t. 【答案】to like 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他假装喜欢我们，但他不喜欢。pretend to do是固定搭配，所以空格处用不定式作宾语。故填to like。 17. How did you manage ________(finish) it so soon? 【答案】to finish 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你怎么这么快就完成了？manage后常接不定式to do，表示“设法做成某事”，故填to finish。 18. Don’t be cheated by products claiming ________(help) to lose weight in a week.) 【答案】to help 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要被那些声称能帮助你在一周内减肥的产品所欺骗。此处考查固定搭配claim to do sth.“声称做某事”，故空处需填动词不定式形式。故填to help。 19. We all have to learn ________(forgive). 【答案】to forgive 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都必须学会原谅。learn to do sth.表示“学会去做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to forgive。 20. They decided ________(decorate) the classroom to welcome the new students.) 【答案】to decorate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们决定装饰教室来迎接新生。根据固定搭配“decide to do sth.”意为“决定做某事”可知，此处需用动词不定式作宾语。故填to decorate。 二、完成句子 1. Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was hard to ________ the painting as there were so many people around. 朱迪的眼睛盯着梵高的《向日葵》。周围有那么多人，很难接近这幅画。 【答案】approach 【详解】考查动词。“接近”可用动词approach，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填approach。 2. ________________ no one solution is better than the other. 没有哪一个解决方案比其他的更好, 知道这一点是重要的。 【答案】It’s important to know that 【详解】考查固定句型。根据句意，此处表示“知道……是重要的”，且描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，需用固定结构“It’s + adj. + to do sth.”，其中“it”作形式主语，真正主语为不定式短语，表示“重要的”为important作表语，表示“知道”为know，用动词不定式形式作真正主语，其后为宾语从句，从句中不缺句子成分，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that引导宾语从句。故填It’s important to know that。 3. When we use metals, ________________ how they react with different substances, for example, water and oxygen. 当我们使用金属时，了解它们与不同的物质如何反应是很重要的，例如, 水和氧气。 【答案】it is important to know 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“了解……是很重要的”，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“做某事是很重要的”用固定句型it is important to do sth.，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，“了解”是know，因此空格处是it is important to know。故填it is important to know。 4. ________________ like that — in fact, a lot of people get space sick. 像那样漂浮很奇怪——事实上，很多人都晕船了。 【答案】It’s strange to float around 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。表示“做某事很奇怪”用it’s strange to do sth.，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。结合句子意思可知句子描述的是一般情况，时态应用一般现在时。表示“漂浮”用float around，故此处应用动词不定式to float around作真正的主语。故填It’s strange to float around。 5. “________________,” said Mr. Anderson, “but ________________.” “这很难解释。”安德森先生说，“但用眼睛看的话，会很容易。” 【答案】It’s hard to explain; it will be easy to see 【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。表示“做某事很……”应用固定句型it be+adj.+to do sth，第一句描述一般事实，时态应用一般现在时，be动词用is，it为形式主语，用不定式作真正的主语。表示“困难的”应用形容词hard，作表语。表示“解释”应用动词explain，用不定式，作主语。第二空描述将来的事情，时态用一般将来时，谓语用will be，表示“容易的”，用形容词easy，作表语。表示“看见”应用动词see，用不定式作真正的主语，故填①It’s hard to explain②it will be easy to see。 6. 我很荣幸能成为这些孩子生活的一部分，即使只是几个小时，了解他们，听他们的故事。 ________________________, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories. 【答案】It is a great privilege for me to be a part of these kids’ lives 【详解】考查时态，固定句型和不定式。表示“做……是我的荣幸”用It is a great privilege for me to do.，表示“成为这些孩子生活的一部分”用be a part of these kids’ lives，描述一般事实用一般现在时。故填It is a great privilege for me to be a part of these kids’ lives。 7. ________________ to have spent a day with Tombe’s family. 与汤贝一家人度过了一天，真是荣幸。 【答案】It was such a privilege 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“做某事真是荣幸”，是固定句型It is/was such a privilege to do sth.，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，故填It was such a privilege。 8. 每个周末打扫房子花费她两个小时。 ________________ the house every weekend. 【答案】It takes her two hours to clean 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”应用固定句型It takes sb some time to do sth，It作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，由时间状语every weekend可知应用一般现在时，表示“打扫”应用动词clean，故答案为It takes her two hours to clean。 9. It is our duty ________________. 保护我们的地球不受污染是我们的职责。 【答案】to protect our earth from being polluted 【详解】考查不定式和动名词。根据中英文句子的对比可知，空格处应表达“保护我们的地球不受污染”的含义。“保护某物不受……” 常用protect sth from...来表达；“我们的地球”是our earth；“(被)污染”是being polluted，为动名词的被动形式。此处使用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。故填to protect our earth from being polluted。 10. It is not easy ________________. 在这个小镇要找到路很不容易。 【答案】to find your way around the town 【详解】考查动词和名词。根据中英文句子的对比可知，空格处应表达“在这个小镇要找到路” 的含义。“找到路” 常用find one’s way，“在这个小镇” 是 around the town，且此句使用了“It is + adj. + to do sth.”的句型，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。故填to find your way around the town。 11. Online shopping websites and social media apps have ________________________. [“make it＋adj.＋(for sb.)＋to do sth.”表示“(对某人来说)做某事是……”] 购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们为至亲至爱花更多钱购买礼物。 【答案】made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones 【详解】考查固定句型。根据句意以及提示的句型结构，此处表示“使人们更容易为至亲至爱花更多钱买礼物”，需用“make it＋adj.＋(for sb.)＋to do sth.”结构，it作形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式短语，结合空前的助动词have可知，此处使用make的过去分词形式与have构成现在完成时，表示“极大地方便”为much easier作宾补，表示“人们”为the public作介词for的宾语，表示“为至亲至爱花更多钱购买礼物”为spend more on gifts for their loved ones，使用不定式结构作真正宾语。故填made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones。 12. He ________________ hello. 他连打声招呼都不肯。 【答案】can’t be bothered to say/ doesn’t bother saying 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意和主语He，此处表示“连……都不肯/懒得做”，主谓一致，需用动词短语can’t be bothered to say或doesn’t bother saying作谓语。故填 can’t be bothered to say/ doesn’t bother saying。 13. We need to overcome difficulties, not ________________. 我们要克服困难，不要被困难压倒。 【答案】be overcome by them 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“被……所克服；压倒”应用be overcome by，此处的not be overcome by them是not to be overcome by them的省略形式，故答案为be overcome by them。 14. I ________________ that I cannot go with you. 我很遗憾地告诉你我不能与你同去。 【答案】regret to tell you 【详解】考查动词短语。陈述现在的情况，用一般现在时。表示“很遗憾地告诉你”用regret to tell you，regret后接不定式(to do)时，表示“对将要做的事感到遗憾”，符合本句语境(即将告知不能同去)。主谓一致，故填regret to tell you。 15. What do you intend ________________ when you get to this place? 你打算到这里干什么？ 【答案】to do/doing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你打算到这里时干什么？动词intend(打算)在表示“打算做某事”时，后面可以接动词不定式或动名词作宾语。故填to do/doing。 16. 他尽力使我相信这个消息的真实性，但他无法提供令人信服的证据，所以他的说法似乎没有说服力。 He tried to ________ me of the truth of the news but he couldn’t provide ________ proof. Therefore, it seemed that he didn’t speak ________. 【答案】convince; convincing; convincingly 【详解】考查动词、形容词和副词。表示“使相信”应用动词convince，固定搭配为convince sb of sth，第一空位于不定式符号to后，用原形；表示“令人信服的”应用形容词convincing，第二空修饰名词proof作定语；表示“有说服力地”应用副词convincingly，第三空修饰动词speak作状语。故填①convince②convincing③convincingly. 17. 别忘了提前在网上办理登机手续并打印登机牌。 Don’t forget to ________ ________ online and print your boarding pass ________ ________. 【答案】check in; in advance 【详解】考查动词短语和介词短语。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“办理登机手续”应用check in，为动词短语，且这里应用动词原形与前面to构成不定式；表示“提前”应用in advance，为介词短语作状语。故填check in；in advance。 18. 也不要忘了在下午两点之前到那儿。 Don’t forget ________________ before 2 pm too. 【答案】to get there 【详解】考查不定式。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“到那儿”应用get there，且这里考查forget to do，表示“忘记去做某事”，所以应用不定式作宾语。故填to get there。 19. It was not until I was looking for a job that I found ________ ________ ________ ________ English well.     直到找工作的时候我才发现学好英语很重要。 【答案】it important to learn 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据句意，句中用“主语 + find + it + 形容词 + to do”结构，表示“发现做某事具有某种特性”。it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正宾语。“重要的”用形容词important。“学习”用动词learn。故填it important to learn。 20. 尽管考试至关重要，林巧稚认为暂停考试去救助他人是一种道德责任。(it作形式宾语) ________________________, Lin Qiaozhi ________________________. 【答案】Although the exam was of great importance; considered it a moral responsibility to suspend the exam to help others 【详解】考查状语从句和 it 作形式宾语。根据句意，该句讲述的是过去发生的事情，所以整句使用一般过去时，第一空表示“尽管考试至关重要”可以为although引导的让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写；“考试”为the exam作主语，“至关重要”可用be of great importance，谓语动词为be动词，主语为第三人称单数，所以第一空为Although the exam was of great importance；第二空表示“认为暂停考试去救助他人是一种道德责任” ，“认为”用 consider，用于一般过去时，所以谓语动词为considered，“暂停考试”to suspend the exam，“道德责任”为 moral responsibility作宾补，根据提提示，该句使用 it 作形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式短语to suspend the exam to help others，结构为“consider it +名词+to do sth.”，所以第二空为considered it a moral responsibility to suspend the exam to help others。故填①Although the exam was of great importance②considered it a moral responsibility to suspend the exam to help others。 三、句型转换 1. Reducing the income gap in order to build a harmonious society is a requirement.(用it作形式主语改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is a requirement to reduce the income gap in order to build a harmonious society. 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：为了构建和谐社会而缩小收入差距是一项要求。原句主语是动名词短语，按照题目要求将其改写成用it作形式主语的句子，it位于句首，首字母大写，真正的主语需用动词不定式短语to reduce the income gap in order to build a harmonious society移到句子后面，同时保持句子的系动词和表语is a requirement不变。故改写为：It is a requirement to reduce the income gap in order to build a harmonious society. 2. Learning English well is easy for you if you study hard. →________________ if you study hard.(It+be+形容词+for sb. +动词不定式) 【答案】It is easy for you to learn English well 【详解】考查固定句型。原句为动名词短语作主语的句型结构，转换为“It+be+形容词+for sb. +动词不定式”结构，其中it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正主语，形容词作表语，sb.为不定式的逻辑主语，原句为一般现在时，主语为it，所以be动词为is，形容词easy以及for you保持不变，将动名词短语learning English well转换为to learn English well，句首单词首字母需大写。故填It is easy for you to learn English well。 3. will take/nutrition specialist/a balanced diet menu/make/an hour/for you(改写it作形式主语结构) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It will take an hour for a nutrition specialist to make a balanced diet menu for you. 【详解】考查形式主语和非谓语动词。句意：营养师会花一个小时为你做一份均衡的饮食菜单。固定句型it will take+时间+for somebody to do表示“花费某人时间做某事”，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，“做一份均衡的饮食菜单”表示为make a balanced diet menu，“为你”是for you，故答案为It will take an hour for a nutrition specialist to make a balanced diet menu for you. 4. You are careless to make so many mistakes in the exam.(同义句转换) →________________ so many mistakes in the exam. 【答案】It is careless of you to make 【详解】考查句型转换。句意：你真粗心，在考试中犯了这么多错误。It is +形容词+ of  sb. to do sth.表示“做某事对某人来说是……的”，根据原句可知，用形容词careless。故填It is careless of you to make。 5. Learning English well is easy for you if you study hard.(同义句转换) →________________ English well if you study hard.(it + be + adj. + for sb. + 动词不定式) 【答案】It is easy for you to learn 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：如果你努力学习，学好英语对你来说很容易。原句为动名词短语作主语，可以把该句子转变为“It be +adj.+for sb. to do sth.”，其中it为形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语，本句使用一般现在时，be动词使用is。故答案为It is easy for you to learn。 6. During our four days in Paris, we spent one whole day visiting the Louvre Museum.(同义句转换) →During our four days in Paris, ________________ us one whole day ________________ the Louvre Museum. 【答案】it took; to visit 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：在巴黎的四天里，我们花了一整天的时间参观了卢浮宫博物馆。分析句子结构可知，此处应为it takes sb. sometime to do sth.意为“花费为某人多久做某事”，其中it形式主语，to do sth.为真正主语，表示“花费”为take，根据时间状语During our four days in Paris可知，此处应为一般过去时态，表示“参观”应为visit，表示主动意义，所以此处为不定式的主动形式。故填①it took②to visit。 7. The book took the writer 3 years to finish.(同义句转换) →________________ 3 years ________________ the book. →The writer ________________ 3 years ________________ the book. 【答案】It took the writer; to finish; spent; finishing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书作者花了三年时间才写完。根据原句took可知，句子使用一般过去时，句子可用固定句型“It took sb. some time to do sth.”替换，表示“某人花费时间做某事”，其中it置于句首，首字母大写，作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语，或使用固定短语spend time(in) doing sth.替换，表示“花费时间做某事”，短语中介词in可以省略，其中动词使用过去式形式spent，动名词形式finishing作介词in的宾语。故填①It took the writer，②to finish，③spent，④finishing。 8. To swim in the rivers does you a lot of good.(同义句转换) It does you a lot of good ________ ________ in the rivers. 【答案】to swim 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在河里游泳对你有很多好处。句中用it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。根据句意，故填to swim。 9. —Mary, how about going to the movies after supper? —Going to the movies after supper sounds great!(同义句转换) —Mary, how about going to the movies after supper? —________________________! 【答案】It sounds great to go to the movies after supper 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：——Marry，晚饭后去看电影怎么样？——晚饭后去看电影听起来很棒！原句是动名词短语作主语，此处可改写为it作形式主语，动词不定式to go to the movies作真正的主语，句子是一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填It sounds great to go to the movies after supper。 10. It is impossible that a child can lift such a heavy box.(用动词不定式to do改写) It is impossible ________________ such a heavy box. 【答案】for a child to lift 【详解】考查不定式作主语。句意：一个孩子不可能举起这么重的箱子。在原句中，it为形式主语，真正的主语为主语从句that a child can lift such a heavy box；动词不定式可以充当主语，此时往往以it作为形式主语，构成固定句型It +be +adj. for sb. to do sth.，意为“做某事对某人而言是怎样的”，所以可将主语从句改为for a child to lift such a heavy box。故填for a child to lift。 11. Tom pretended that he hadn’t heard about the news, but in fact he knew it very well last week. → Tom ________________ about the news, but in fact he knew it very well last week.(pretend to have done) 【答案】pretended not to have heard 【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。句意：汤姆假装没听说这个消息，但实际上他上周就知道了。空格处表示“假装没有做某事”用pretend not to do表示，根据原句中pretended可知，应该用一般过去时；此处hear的动作发生在谓语动词pretend之前，所以应该用不定式的完成式作宾语。故填pretended not to have heard。 12. These small trees need taking good care of.(改为被动语态) →These small trees need ________________. 【答案】to be taken good care of 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：这些小树需要好好照料。need作为实义动词意为“需要”，主语与need之后的动作之间为被动关系时，可以使用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，也可以为不定式的被动形式，即need to be done，作宾语，所以此处将taking good care of替换为to be taken good care of。故填to be taken good care of。 13. The program was set up with the intention of helping the homeless.(句型转换) →The program, which ________________ the homeless, was set up. →The program, intended ________________ the homeless, was set up. 【答案】was intended to help; to help/helping 【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词。句意：该计划旨在帮助无家可归者。第一空为定语从句的谓语，表示“旨在，目的是”用be intended to do sth.，根据原句的谓语was set up可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，which代替先行词The program作主语，be动词用was；表示“帮助”用help，位于不定式符号to后，动词用原形。第二个句子谓语为intended，第二空为非谓语动词，表示“旨在做某事”用intend to do sth.或intend doing sth.，本空应用help的不定式或动名词，作宾语。故填①was intended to help；②to help/ helping。 14. The worker pretended that he had finished the work.(句型转换) →The worker pretended ________________. 【答案】to have finished the work 【详解】考查不定式。句意:那个工人假装已经完成了工作。原句中that引导的宾语从句中，完成时态表示“假装已经完成某事”，pretend to have done sth意为“假装已经做完某事”,不定式的完成式to have done sth作动词pretend的宾语，原句可转换为The worker pretended to have finished the work，故答案为to have finished the work。 15. Sarah didn’t pass the driving test.(句型转换) Sarah ________ ________ ________ the driving test. 【答案】failed to pass 【详解】考查动词短语及时态。句意：莎拉没有通过驾驶考试。原句中didn’t pass表示“没有通过”，是否定句，可用动词短语fail to pass“未能通过”进行替换，时态为一般过去时，动词fail用过去式形式，不定式to pass作宾语。故填①failed；②to；③pass。 16. I believe that it is necessary that you should pay a visit to your school friends.(句型转换) →I believe it necessary ________________ a visit to your school friends. 【答案】for you to pay 【详解】考查不定式作真正的宾语。句意：我认为有必要拜访一下你学校的朋友们。此处为主语+动词think/believe/feel/consider...+ it + adj. + for sb + to do...的结构，其中it作形式宾语，不定式作真正的宾语，故答案为for you to pay。 17. I think that it is our duty to do something for the people in need of help.(句型转换) →I think ________________ something for the people in need of help. 【答案】it my duty to do 【详解】考查it作形式宾语不定式作真正宾语的结构。句意：我认为为需要帮助的人做点事是我的责任。对比两个句子可知，此处可转化为句型：主语+动词think/feel/consider it+n.+to do...，其中it作形式宾语，不定式作真正的宾语；结合原句，所以空处应填it my duty to do，故答案为it my duty to do。 18. 用it作形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语升级句子 I think it is necessary to learn and use body language in our daily life. ________________________________________________________ 【答案】I think it necessary to learn and use body language in our daily life. 【详解】考查形式宾语和非谓语动词。句意：我认为在我们的日常生活中学习和使用肢体语言是必要的。原句中think后为宾语从句，it为形式主语，不定式为真正主语；改为用it作形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语的句子，将is去掉，句子改为I think it necessary to learn and use body language in our daily life. 故填I think it necessary to learn and use body language in our daily life. 19. Many freshmen find that it is quite challenging to make a workable schedule for both studies and extra-curricular activities.(用it作形式宾语改写) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】Many freshmen find it quite challenging to make a workable schedule for both studies and extra-curricular activities. 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：许多新生发现为学习和课外活动制定一个可行的计划是相当具有挑战性的。在此句中，原句中that引导宾语从句，在改写后，将it作为形式宾语；原宾语从句中的is去掉；quite challenging“相当具有挑战性的”，作宾补；真正的宾语为“to make a workable schedule for both studies and extra-curricular activities”。故答案为：Many freshmen find it quite challenging to make a workable schedule for both studies and extra-curricular activities. 20. They find it is hard to finish the work in such a short time.(同义句转换) →They ________________ in such a short time.(it作形式宾语) 【答案】find it hard to finish the work 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他们发现在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是困难的。原句为find后跟省去连接词that的宾语从句，从句中“it为形式主语，不定式结构作真正主语”，根据提示和句式结构可知，此处应转换为“it作形式宾语，不定式结构作真正宾语”结构，hard作宾语补足语；原句为一般现在时，所以谓语动词find形式不变，即find it hard to finish the work，不定式结构作真正的宾语。故填find it hard to finish the work。 题型一 语篇语法填空(课文改编) 1. Reading In this article, we will talk about comfort food 1.________ power lies in the associations it calls to mind. Our comfort foods are 2.________(high) individual. They vary from person to person, depending on our own unique experiences that 3.________(shape) our lives. If we grow up eating certain foods in our family, then those foods tend to 4.________(link) with positive emotions. The feeling of happiness and sense of 5.________(belong) can become particularly important for people who move away from their home country. According to some food experts, there are some aspects of culture that people will lose right away, but with food, there are more opportunities 6.________(connect) to memory, family and place. 7. ________ is hardest to give up the food that you grow up with. One mouthful 8. ________ comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, 9.________(give) us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and relieving feelings of homesickness. Comfort food tastes good and by building an 10.________(emotion) bond with our happy memories, always makes us feel good. It’s food for the soul. 2. Extended reading Sichuan hot pot is famous in China, which is to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to let loose rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon. When we are having it, its surface is often covered 1. ________ a beautiful layer of chillies, etc. The hot flavour quickened our laughter and conversation, 2.________(make) the meal the perfect way to relax with friends. Sichuan hot pots are suitable for the damp, 3.________(fog) climate. They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty. Over time, it 4.________(expand) to include multiple options. Salted duck is Nanjing’s most famous food. 5.________(serve) plain in thin，white slices, the meat is juicy and salty. Each Nanjing salted duck takes several days to prepare, and the process includes salting, drying, boiling and cooling. The countryside around Nanjing has been famous for its ducks for centuries and 6.________(it) history can be back to the late Qing Dynasty. 7.________(tradition), duck is considered to have cooling 8.________(property) and is appropriate for the hot summer months. Cantonese dim sum is 9.________ essential part of the people’s daily life in Guangdong. Teahouses have been common since the Tang Dynasty, but the Cantonese innovation happened in the mid-19th century. The Cantonese go to the restaurants to have conversation about business, family or pleasure, 10. ________ locals can spend hours together chatting, drinking tea and working their way through the menu. 【答案】 1. Reading 1. whose 2. highly 3. have shaped 4. be linked 5. belonging 6. to connect 7. It 8. of 9. giving 10. emotional 2. Extended reading 1. with 2. making 3. foggy 4. has expanded 5. Served 6. its 7. Traditionally 8. properties 9. an 10. where 题型二 语篇语法填空(模考真题) A (2024-2025学年高二下·浙江温州·期末)Naipizi yogurt, or milk-skin yogurt, has emerged as Beijing’s 1 (late) internet-famous special cuisine. Combining traditional Mongolian dairy craftsmanship with modern dessert appeal, the smooth yogurt with its rich taste and unique flavor 2 (strike) a sweet spot among China’s youth recently. Naipizi is a regional cuisine from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It 3 (make) by boiling fresh milk and allowing it to cool. During the production process, exploded milk fat drops absorb milk proteins, 4 reduces surface tension and enables the formation of a stable skin layer. As a result, traditional milk skin contains an exceptionally high fat, reaching up to 5 (approximate)60 percent. To some extent, naipizi yogurt can be considered a modern 6 (revive) of traditional Beijing yogurt. 7 a new type of yogurt, naipizi does not undergo any stirring during fermentation(发酵), 8 (result) in a thick, spoon-friendly mixture reminding us of custard(蛋奶糕). China’s Dietary Guidelines recommend 300-500g of dairy intake daily for adults, 9 current national consumption averages less than one-tenth of this suggested target. Therefore naipizi yogurt has emerged as 10 effective solution to people’s dairy shortage. While not low calorie, naipizi presents a nutritional alternative to tasty desserts like sugar-laden cheesecakes. 【答案】 1. latest 2. has struck/ has stricken 3. is made 4. which 5. approximately 6. revival 7. As 8. resulting 9. but/yet 10. an 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了奶皮子酸奶成为北京最新网红特色美食。 1. 考查形容词最高级。句意：奶皮子酸奶，或称奶皮酸奶，已成为北京最新的网红特色美食。 表示“最新的”用“latest”作定语。故填latest。 2. 考查时态。句意：这种口感丝滑、味道浓郁且风味独特的酸奶，将传统蒙古族奶制品工艺与现代甜品魅力相结合，最近在中国年轻人中颇受欢迎。根据“recently” 可知，这里强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“the smooth yogurt”是单数，助动词用has，“strike”的过去分词有“struck”和“stricken”两种形式。故填has struck/stricken。 3. 考查时态和语态。句意：它是通过将新鲜牛奶煮沸并冷却制成的。“It”指代“Naipizi”，与 “make”之间是被动关系，且描述一般制作过程，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为 “am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语“It”是单数，be动词用is，“make”的过去分词是 “made”。故填is made。 4. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：在制作过程中，膨胀的牛奶脂肪滴吸收牛奶蛋白质，这降低了表面张力，使得能够形成一层稳定的奶皮。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子 “exploded milk fat drops absorb milk proteins”，关系词在从句中作主语，用which 引导。故填 which。 5. 考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。句意：因此，传统奶皮含有极高的脂肪，大约可达 60%。这里修饰动词“reaching”，用副词，“approximate”的副词形式是“approximately”，意为 “大约”。故填approximately。 6. 考查名词。句意：在某种程度上，奶皮子酸奶可以被视为传统北京酸奶的现代复兴。“a modern”后接名词作宾语，“revive”的名词形式是“revival”，意为“复兴”。故填revival。 7. 考查介词。句意：作为一种新型酸奶，奶皮子酸奶在发酵过程中不经过任何搅拌，从而形成一种浓稠、方便用勺子舀取的混合物，让人联想到蛋奶糕。“As”表示“作为”，符合语境。首字母大写。故填As。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一种新型酸奶，奶皮子酸奶在发酵过程中不经过任何搅拌，从而形成一种浓稠、方便用勺子舀取的混合物，让人联想到蛋奶糕。上文与“result”之间是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填resulting。 9. 考查连词。句意：中国膳食指南建议成年人每天摄入 300 - 500 克乳制品，但目前全国平均摄入量不到这个建议目标的十分之一。前后句是转折关系，用“but”或“yet” 连接，意为“但是”。故填 but/yet。 10. 考查不定冠词。句意：因此，奶皮子酸奶成为了解决人们乳制品短缺的一个有效办法。表示 “一个有效的解决办法”，“effective” 发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。 B (2024-2025学年高二下·安徽安庆·阶段练习)As the coffee harvesting season arrives, Pu’er city in Yunnan province, known 11 China’s coffee capital, is alive with the smell of fresh drinks. Visitors can sip coffee while watching wild Asian elephants wander 12 (free) in their natural habitat. “It’s breathtaking to sit here with a cup of coffee and watch elephants on the hillside. It’s unforgettable,” says Huang Daxiang, an 13 (invest) in the manor(庄园)。 Ma Li, a visitor from Shanghai, engages 14 (she) in coffee fruit picking, gaining insights into the complete journey from cultivation and roasting to brewing. “It was a very rewarding experience,” she says. The manor also provides interactive experiences, such as crafting coffee soap and making coffee bean beads, inviting guests 15 (explore) diverse facets of coffee culture. There are more than 20 quality coffee manors in Pu’er, 16 integrate coffee culture and tourism, including five listed as provincial-level coffee manors. Lou Yuqiang, an associate researcher at the Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, says promoting coffee manors in Yunnan is 17 positive step toward development and will help extend the coffee chain. In addition to manors, Pu’er has been hosting coffee-themed fairs and other events, displaying local and national brands and featuring cultural 18 (perform). During the 2025 Spring Festival holiday, spanning from late January to early February, Pu’er 19 (witness) a 13.71 percent year-on-year increase in tourist arrivals, totaling 3.25 million. Tourism incomes rose by 13.21 percent 20 (compare) to the previous year, reaching 3.44 billion yuan($475 million). “The integration of coffee and tourism has become a new symbol of the tourism industry of Pu’er,” says Zhang Qiying, deputy director of the city’s culture and tourism bureau. 【答案】 11. as 12. freely 13. investor 14. herself 15. to explore 16. which 17. a 18. performances 19. witnessed 20. compared 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着咖啡采摘季的到来，被誉为“中国咖啡之都”的云南省普洱市弥漫着新鲜咖啡的香气。这里遍布着以咖啡为主题的庄园、街道和文化市集，已成为咖啡爱好者和游客的热门打卡地。 11. 考查介词。句意：随着咖啡采摘季的到来，被誉为“中国咖啡之都”的云南省普洱市弥漫着新鲜咖啡的香气。be known as为固定短语，意为“被称为，被誉为”。故填as。 12. 考查副词。句意：游客可以一边品尝咖啡，一边观看野生亚洲象在它们的自然栖息地自由漫步。修饰动词wander需用副词freely作状语。故填freely。 13. 考查名词。句意：“坐在这里，一边喝咖啡，一边看着山坡上的大象，真是令人叹为观止。令人难忘，”庄园的一位投资者黄大祥说。不定冠词an修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词investor，意为“投资者”。故填investor。 14. 考查代词。句意：来自上海的游客马丽参与采摘咖啡果，深入了解从种植、烘焙到冲泡的整个过程。engage oneself in为固定短语，意为“从事于，忙于”，此处需用反身代词herself。故填herself。 15. 考查非谓语动词。句意：庄园还提供互动体验，如制作咖啡皂和咖啡豆珠，邀请客人探索咖啡文化的各个方面。invite sb. to do sth.为固定短语，意为“邀请某人做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to explore。 16. 考查定语从句。句意：普洱有20多家优质咖啡庄园，将咖啡文化与旅游业相结合，其中包括5家省级咖啡庄园。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词coffee manors，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 17. 考查冠词。句意：云南省农业科学院副研究员娄玉强表示，在云南推广咖啡庄园是朝着发展迈出的积极一步，将有助于延长咖啡产业链。step为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且positive发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 18. 考查名词。句意：除了庄园，普洱还举办了咖啡主题展会和其他活动，展示当地和全国的品牌，并展示文化表演。cultural为形容词，作定语修饰名词，空处需填名词performance，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填performances。 19. 考查动词时态。句意：在2025年春节假期期间，从1月下旬到2月初，普洱游客到访量同比增长13.71%，达到325万人次。根据时间状语“During the 2025 Spring Festival holiday”可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填witnessed。 20. 考查非谓语动词。句意：与上一年相比，旅游收入增长了13.21%，达到34.4亿元人民币(4.75亿美元)。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，tourism incomes和compare为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。compared to意为“与……比起来/相比较”。故填compared。 C (2024-2025学年高二下·山东淄博·阶段练习)Since March, the hashtag TianshuiMalatang, referring to a popular type of street food, 21 (receive) more than 140m views on Weibo, a social-media platform. Look back a few hundred years, though, and chillies(辣椒) were nowhere 22 (find). Unlike ginger and Sichuan peppers, which are native to the region and widely used, chilli peppers were brought to China 23 America by Portuguese and Dutch explorers only in the 16th century. At first, nobody ate them. For at least 50 years, they were grown as decorative plants, 24 (value) for their cheerfully bright colour and tiny white flowers, and occasionally used as medicinal herbs. During China’s last imperial(皇朝) period, a system 25 taxed salt forced farmers in Guizhou province to look for 26 alternative. They chose chillies, which produce several crops a year and take up little land. From there, a new flavour 27 (unlock). The pepper steadily spread to other rural areas of China, 28 its overpowering flavour prevented it from getting near the tables of urban families. With the industrialisation, hundreds of millions of people poured into big cities, 29 (bring) with them the spicy flavours of home. Chillies are now used in street food, fine dining and snacks in 30 (region) with little tradition of heat. 【答案】 21. has received 22. to be found 23. from 24. valued 25. which/that 26. an 27. was unlocked 28. but 29. bringing 30. regions 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述辣椒16世纪从美洲传入中国，起初作观赏植物，后成贵州农民食盐替代品，如今在多地饮食中广泛使用。 21. 考查动词时态。句意：自3月以来，一种流行街头小吃的话题“天水麻辣烫”在社交媒体平台微博上已获得超过1.4亿次的浏览量。这里考查谓语动词，主语the hashtag TianshuiMalatang与receive为主动关系，再由Since March可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语the hashtag为单数。故填has received。 22. 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，回望几百年前，辣椒却无处可寻。这里考查nowhere to be found，为固定搭配，意为“无处可寻”，此处用不定式的被动形式表示“被找到”。故填to be found。 23. 考查介词。句意：与原产于该地区并被广泛使用的生姜和花椒不同，辣椒直到16世纪才由葡萄牙和荷兰探险家从美洲带到中国。这里考查bring...from...，表示“从……带来……”。故填from。 24. 考查非谓语动词。句意：至少有50年的时间，它们被当作观赏植物种植，因其鲜艳明亮的颜色和小巧的白花而受到重视，偶尔也被用作草药。这里考查非谓语，逗号后为伴随状语，chillies与value为被动关系，所以应用过去分词作状语。故填valued。 25. 考查定语从句。句意：在中国最后一个皇朝时期，一个对盐征税的制度迫使贵州省的农民寻找替代品。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为system，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。 26. 考查冠词。句意：在中国最后一个皇朝时期，一个对盐征税的制度迫使贵州省的农民寻找替代品。alternative为可数名词，此处表泛指“一种替代品”，应用不定冠词，且alternative以元音音素开头。故填an。 27. 考查时态和语态。句意：从那时起，一种新的风味被开启了。这里考查谓语动词，描述过去发生的动作，且flavour与unlock为被动关系，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语a new flavour为单数。故填was unlocked。 28. 考查连词。句意：辣椒逐渐传播到中国其他农村地区，但它强烈的味道使其无法进入城市家庭的餐桌。分析句子结构可知，前后句为转折关系，应用并列连词but连接。故填but。 29. 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着工业化的发展，数亿人涌入大城市，带来了家乡的辛辣风味。此空考查非谓语，空处作状语，people与bring为主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填bringing。 30. 考查名词复数。句意：如今，辣椒在几乎没有辛辣传统的地区被用于街头食品、高档餐饮和小吃中。region为可数名词，此处泛指“没有辛辣传统的地区”，应用复数形式。故填regions。 ( 17 / 17 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$