精品解析：山东省临沂市第二十四中学2024-2025学年高二下学期第二次月考英语试题

2024-2025学年高二下学期第二次月考 英语 第I卷 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，可先将答案写在试卷上。录音内容结束后，必须将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman suggest the man do first? A. Have the machine repaired. B. Read the operations manual(使用手册). C. Try the buttons one by one. 2. How is the woman probably feeling now? A. Determined. B. Relaxed. C. Frustrated. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Business partners. C. Boss and employee. 4. What is the total value of the toy cars? A.￡50. B.￡150. C.￡130. 5. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In the wild. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman doing? A. Telling a joke. B. Selling a ticket. C. Giving advice. 7. What will the man do next? A. Prepare for a holiday party. B. Book an airline ticket. C. Wait for the price to drop. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Tour guide and tourist. B. Teacher and student. C. Family members. 9. How long had the Petronas Twin Towers been the world’s tallest buildings? A. For 8 years. B. For 7 years. C. For 2 years. 10. What is the woman going to do this summer? A. Have a tour of Malaysia. B. Preview her lessons. C. Go on holiday with friends. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Which of the following is the man taking part in? A. A marathon. B. A bike ride. C. A TV program. 12. What does the woman suggest the man do first? A. Support his friends. B. Take care of his grandfather. C. Create a web page. 13. Why does the man want to raise money? A. To help heart disease patients. B. To support cancer research. C. To house the homeless. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What are the speakers talking about? A. Academic performance. B. Career planning. C. School application. 15. What does the man advise the woman’s son to focus on? A. Overall ability. B. Personal interests. C. Social activities. 16. What is required in the important essay? A. Plans for scientific experiments. B. An outlook for future careers. C. Development of social programs. 17. How does the woman feel about the talk? A. Time-consuming. B. Informative. . C. Doubtful 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is Perelman? A. A researcher. B. A doctor. C. A reporter. 19. How may babies react to unfamiliar babies? A. They may start to cry. B. They may show much fear. C. They may touch each other. 20. What may the study lead to? A. Much more parenting time with babies. B. A greater demand for experienced babysitters. C. An increase in family-based day care centers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Science chatbots provide a unique way to interact with complex scientific topics, giving users instant answers, guidance, and. support. Below, you’ll find a list of science-focused chatbots that can help you understand topics in-depth, conduct research, and even complete experiments. Wolfram Alpha Wolfram Alpha is a powerful computational chatbot, perfect for students tackling challenging science and math problems. Known for its accuracy, Wolfram Alpha provides step-by-step solutions to complex equations, generates graphs, and interprets data. It’s ideal for students looking to enhance their problem-solving skills in physics, chemistry, and other quantitative sciences. The platform’s precise calculations and vast database make it a go-to tool for those needing scientific support. Socratic Socratic is a popular educational chatbot developed by Google, helping students with science, math, and other subjects. It uses AI to answer questions, explain concepts, and provide visual aids for better comprehension. Socratic is user-friendly and offers solutions for both simple and complex scientific problems. Via images, videos, and diagrams, Socratic enhances understanding and is a great resource for students who benefit from a visual learning approach. Galactica Galactica is an astronomy-focused chatbot designed to help students and enthusiasts explore the universe. It provides information on bodies, space phenomena, and astronomical theories, making it. an exciting resource for anyone interested in space science. With Galactica, users can ask questions about planets, stars, and galaxies, gaining a better understanding of our universe. This chatbot is perfect for aspiring astronomers and students keen on expanding their knowledge of space. SciNote ELN Assistant SciNote ELN Assistant is an electronic lab notebook (ELN) tool tailored for scientific research and lab management. It assists researchers by organizing notes, tracking experiments, and providing reminders for lab tasks. This chatbot is particularly beneficial for students and researchers who need to maintain organized records of their experiments. With SciNote ELN, users can ensure efficient documentation, making it easier to analyze results and improve research productivity. 1. What is Wolfram Alpha featured with? A. Interactive science learning visuals. B. Real-time research database updates. C. In-depth astronomy exploration guide. D. Detailed guidance to scientific problems. 2. Which chatbot best suits a visual learner? A. Wolfram Alpha. B. Socratic. C. Galactica. D. SciNote ELN Assistant. 3. What is the primary function of SciNote ELN Assistant? A. Analyzing chemical reactions in labs. B. Generating graphs from research data. C. Documenting research and tracing lab tests. D. Providing video explanations of lab techniques. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四种专注于科学领域的聊天机器人，分别是 Wolfram Alpha、Socratic、Galactica 和 SciNote ELN Assistant，以及它们各自的功能和特点，这些聊天机器人可以帮助用户深入理解科学主题、进行研究甚至完成实验。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段 “Wolfram Alpha is a powerful computational chatbot, perfect for students tackling challenging science and math problems. Known for its accuracy, Wolfram Alpha provides step-by-step solutions to complex equations, generates graphs, and interprets data.(Wolfram Alpha 是一个功能强大的计算聊天机器人，非常适合解决具有挑战性的科学和数学问题的学生。Wolfram Alpha 以其准确性而闻名，它为复杂方程提供逐步的解决方案，生成图表并解释数据)” 可知，Wolfram Alpha 的特点是能为科学问题提供详细的指导。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段 “Socratic is a popular educational chatbot developed by Google, helping students with science, math, and other subjects. It uses AI to answer questions, explain concepts, and provide visual aids for better comprehension. Socratic is user-friendly and offers solutions for both simple and complex scientific problems. Via images, videos, and diagrams, Socratic enhances understanding and is a great resource for students who benefit from a visual learning approach.(Socratic 谷歌开发的一个受欢迎的教育聊天机器人，帮助学生学习科学、数学和其他科目。它使用人工智能来回答问题，解释概念，并提供视觉辅助以更好地理解。苏格拉底是用户友好的，为简单和复杂的科学问题提供解决方案。通过图像，视频和图表，苏格拉底提高理解，是一个伟大的资源，学生受益于视觉学习方法)” 可知，Socratic 为视觉学习者提供图像、视频和图表等视觉辅助工具，所以最适合视觉学习者。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段 “SciNote ELN Assistant is an electronic lab notebook (ELN) tool tailored for scientific research and lab management. It assists researchers by organizing notes, tracking experiments, and providing reminders for lab tasks. .(SciNote ELN Assistant 是一款为科学研究和实验室管理量身定制的电子实验室笔记本（ELN）工具。它通过整理笔记、跟踪实验和提供实验室任务提醒来帮助研究人员)” 可知，SciNote ELN Assistant 的主要功能是记录研究和跟踪实验室测试。故选C。 B Did you know that an average Indian household wastes over 50 litres of water daily? At just 18, Mannat Kaur has found a way to change that. Mannat’s story towards sustainability began at home. Her parents had educated her in following a more sustainable path towards everyday events. This early exposure to sustainable practices laid the foundation for her later efforts. However, Mannat’s passion for water recycling was sparked by a first-hand experience in 2016. “I saw people struggling for two days during a supply shortage in Delhi’s canals, searching for water and carrying their pots,” recalls Mannat. Determined to find a solution, 10-year-old Mannat started researching. She surveyed 400 people to understand barriers to greywater (洗涤水) recycling. Mannat found that people were willing to have a recycling system, but the limitations and the lack of knowledge stopped them from doing so. Driven by a desire to bridge this gap, Mannat began a mission. Her innovation, a decentralised greywater recycling system, comprises two key components: the Bilge Vessel (BV) and the Scupper Valve (SV). The Scupper Valve, a compact device placed in the floor drain, collects shower and kitchen greywater, which is then pumped to the Bilge Vessel or filtration (过滤). The Bilge Vessel is a three-bucket filtration system that purifies water using natural filter media. “The Bilge Vessel stores the recycled water, which can be used for non-drinking operations and activities that require non-human contact like irrigation, mopping, car washing, etc,” shares Mannat. The impact of Mannat’s system is evident in her own home, where the prototype has been functioning for two years. For a family of four, the system saves 5,000 to 6,000 litres of potable water per month, effectively recycling 50%of their water demand. Furthermore, her decentralised approach significantly reduces carbon emissions compared to traditional centralised sewage treatment systems. Mannat Kaur’s journey is an inspiring example of how youthful innovation, coupled with a deep understanding of real-world problems, can lead to impactful solutions. Her greywater recycling system addresses water scarcity and promotes a sustainable lifestyle, making her a true champion of environmental stewardship. 4. What inspired Mannat to focus on water recycling? A. A scientific project. B. Delhi’s water crisis. C. Her parents’ advice. D. A household practice. 5. What was a problem with greywater recycling according to the survey? A. Lack of government funding. B. Public disinterest in recycling C. Great distance between families. D. Challenges in knowledge and methods. 6. How does Mannat’s creation work? A. By collecting, filtering and storing. B. By treating, purifying, and storing. C. By reducing, recycling and reusing. D. By pumping, filtering and dumping. 7. Which might be the best title for the text? A. Reducing Pollution in Households B. Personal Efforts in Water Conservation C. A Teen’s Innovation for Water Recycling D. The History of Pollution Treatment Systems 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了18岁的Mannat Kaur受德里供水短缺事件的启发，通过研究发明了一种分散式洗涤水回收系统，以解决水资源短缺问题，并在自己家中取得了显著成效，她的创新之旅激励着人们通过创新解决实际问题。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段““I saw people struggling for two days during a supply shortage in Delhi’s canals, searching for water and carrying their pots,” recalls Mannat.(“我看到在德里运河供水短缺期间，人们挣扎了两天，四处找水，提着水罐，”Mannat回忆说)” 及第二段“Determined to find a solution, 10-year-old Mannat started researching. She surveyed 400 people to understand barriers to greywater (洗涤水) recycling.(决心找到一个解决方案，10岁的Mannat开始研究。她调查了400人，以了解中水回收的障碍)”可知，德里的水危机激发了Mannat对水回收的关注。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Mannat found that people were willing to have a recycling system, but the limitations and the lack of knowledge stopped them from doing so.(Mannat发现人们愿意有一个回收系统，但限制和知识的缺乏阻止了他们这样做)”可知，根据调查，洗涤水回收的问题是知识和方法上的挑战。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Her innovation, a decentralised greywater recycling system, comprises two key components: the Bilge Vessel (BV) and the Scupper Valve (SV). The Scupper Valve, a compact device placed in the floor drain, collects shower and kitchen greywater, which is then pumped to the Bilge Vessel or filtration (过滤). The Bilge Vessel is a three-bucket filtration system that purifies water using natural filter media. “The Bilge Vessel stores the recycled water, which can be used for non-drinking operations and activities that require non-human contact like irrigation, mopping, car washing, etc,” shares Mannat.(她的创新是一个分散的灰水回收系统，由两个关键部件组成：舱底容器（BV）和排污阀（SV）。排污阀是一种安装在地漏处的小型装置，用于收集淋浴和厨房的灰水，然后将其泵入舱底容器或过滤系统。舱底容器是一个三桶过滤系统，使用天然过滤介质净化水。曼纳特说：“舱底容器储存了循环水，这些循环水可以用于非饮用操作和需要非人类接触的活动，如灌溉、拖地、洗车等。”)” 可知，Mannat的发明通过收集、过滤和储存来工作。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了18岁的Mannat Kaur受德里供水短缺事件的启发，通过研究发明了一种分散式洗涤水回收系统，以解决水资源短缺问题，并在自己家中取得了显著成效，她的创新之旅激励着人们通过创新解决实际问题。由此可知，“一个青少年的水循环创新”适合作本文最佳标题。故C。 C On the surface, it may not appear that Dr. Dolittle and artificial intelligence (AI) have much in common. One belongs in 1900s children’s literature, while the other is firmly rooted in the 21st century. One is a physician turned vet (兽医) who can talk to animals, and the other a computerized technology that cannot. But the dream of speaking with animals may not be so fantastical anymore. AI has already given us the ability to bark instructions at robots—could its potential be extended to the animal kingdom? Could it help us understand the natural world and maybe one day allow us to “talk” to animals? The first difficulty in “translating” animal communication is understanding what that communication looks like. Human language is made up of verbal (口头的) and non-verbal cues, and animal communication is no different. Dogs wag their tails, for example, to convey a range of emotions. However, there is some debate as to whether this can be considered a “language”. According to Dr. Herzing, Research Director, Wild Dolphin Project, AI could help put it to bed. “We currently don’t know if animals have a language,” Herzing said. “But AI can help us look for language-like structures which might suggest animals have parts of a language.” Scientists have been collecting sounds, calls and various animal vocalizations (发声) for decades. Research has shown that animal vocalizations carry many types of information from their identity to external objects. The hope is that AI models being developed can work like what ChatGPT does for human input, and turn those vocalizations into something more recognizable to humans. With a better understanding of the animals around us, can we still justify practices that slaughter (屠宰) them? This could have far-reaching influences, including for the treatment of animals in entertainment, research and agriculture. From a human perspective, there is also a lot we could learn, not just about ourselves but about animals and, maybe, other life forms. 8. Why does the author mention Dr. Dolittle in paragraph 1? A. To present a classic figure. B. To highlight literary-real gap. C. To inspire animal talk fantasy. D. To indicate tech realizes fairytale. 9. What does “put it to bed” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Solve the problem. B. Suspend the research. C. Continue the discussion. D. Reconsider the definition. 10. What are AI models expected to do? A. Interpret human language patterns. B. Assess the general state of animals. C. Make animal voices understandable. D. Record major events in the natural world. 11. What will a better understanding of the animals lead to? A. A new life form exploration. B. The better animal welfare. C. A deeper reflection on humans. D. The advanced slaughter technology. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人工智能（AI）在与动物 “交流” 方面的可能性及相关研究，探讨了 AI 在理解动物语言和行为上的作用以及对动物保护的潜在影响。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“One is a physician turned vet (兽医) who can talk to animals, and the other a computerized technology that cannot. But the dream of speaking with animals may not be so fantastical anymore.(一个是能和动物交谈的从医生转行的兽医，另一个是不能和动物交谈的计算机技术。但与动物交谈的梦想可能不再那么荒诞了)” 和上文内容可推知，作者提到Dolittle医生是为了表明科技可以实现童话中的幻想。故选D。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段““We currently don’t know if animals have a language,” Herzing said. “But AI can help us look for language-like structures which might suggest animals have parts of a language.(“我们目前不知道动物是否有语言，” Herzing说。“但人工智能可以帮助我们寻找类似语言的结构，这可能表明动物有部分语言能力”)” 可知，人工智能可以帮助解决动物是否有语言这一问题。所以put it to bed在此处的意思是解决问题。与A 选项 Solve the problem.（解决问题。） 同义，故选 A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“The hope is that AI models being developed can work like what ChatGPT does for human input, and turn those vocalizations into something more recognizable to humans.(希望正在开发的人工智能模型能像 ChatGPT 对人类输入的处理那样，将动物的发声转化为人类更容易识别的东西)” 可知，人工智能模型有望使动物的声音能被人类理解。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 “With a better understanding of the animals around us, can we still justify practices that slaughter (屠宰) them? This could have far-reaching influences, including for the treatment of animals in entertainment, research and agriculture.(随着对周围动物有了更好的了解，我们还能为屠宰它们的行为辩护吗？这可能会产生深远的影响，包括对娱乐、研究和农业中动物的待遇)” 可推知，对动物更好的理解会带来更好的动物福利。故选B。 D Some wounds won’t heal (康复) by themselves. Current chronic (慢性的) wound treatments often require surgery or lead to overuse of antibiotic, which can worsen the problem of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. “There’s an urgent need for personalized wound treatment,” says California Institute of Technology biomedical engineer Wei Gao. For a study published in Science Advances, Gao and his colleagues used rodents (啮齿动物) to test a “smart bandage” that could make chronic wound healing easier and faster. It consists of a stretchable bandage attached to the skin, containing medication and a thin layer of electronics that monitors and wirelessly transmits data about the wound’s condition. The bandage can carry out controlled delivery of two treatments: a drug and an electric current. The bandage builds on previous efforts to promote healing with electricity. This process, called electrotherapy, works both by attracting immune cells and skin cells to the wound and by boosting cell growth and division. A study published last year led by engineer Yuanwen Jiang, now at the University of Pennsylvania, described a bandage that monitored temperature and conductivity, using the collected data to control delivery of electrotherapy. The new research adds biochemical sensing capabilities. “Biochemical signals open up new opportunities because you’re able to really examine what's happening on a molecular (分子的) level. That’s the key novelty here.” Jiang says. Gao and his colleagues also added an electroactive material that releases an anti-infectious drug when stimulated by an electrode. Another electrode stimulates the wound directly. The team tested the bandage on rodents with wounds and found that it accurately detected changes in infection and physical states at different stages of wound healing. The bandage’s combined treatments fully healed rodent wounds in two weeks. Each individual treatment achieved at least partial healing within that time, and untreated animals did not heal. Researchers still need to investigate the bandage’s biosensor durability in human patients’ chronic wounds. “Requirements for the lifetime of the device are very different between rodents and human subjects,” Jiang says. “Stability over that extended period has not been tested yet.” 12. What is the advantage of the “smart bandage” in the study? A. It avoids the use of antibiotic. B. It can help patients receive personalized surgeries. C. It can monitor and adjust treatment in real time. D. It is made from stretchable materials. 13. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The importance of electrotherapy in wound healing. B. The breakthroughs in wound healing with Smart Bandages. C. The challenges scientists meet in the lengthy research process. D. The comparison between two great scientists’ researches. 14. What can we learn about the smart bandage? A. The smart bandage proves ineffective to some animals. B. The durability of the bandage in human wounds remains unclear. C. Different bandages are used at different stages of wound healing D. Different lifetimes of humans require different bandages. 15. What is the best title of the passage? A. New Bandage Medicates Chronic Wounds B. The Evolution of Electrotherapy Bandage C. The Science Behind Electrotherapy Bandage D. How Smart Bandage Heals Wounds 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项对用于治疗慢性伤口的“智能绷带”的研究。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It consists of a stretchable bandage attached to the skin, containing medication and a thin layer of electronics that monitors and wirelessly transmits data about the wound’s condition. The bandage can carry out controlled delivery of two treatments: a drug and an electric current.(它由附着在皮肤上的可伸缩绷带、药物和一层薄薄的电子设备组成，该电子设备可以监测并无线传输有关伤口状况的数据。绷带可以控制两种治疗：药物和电流。)”可知，“智能绷带”在研究中的优势是它能够实时监控并调整治疗。故选C项。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“The bandage builds on previous efforts to promote healing with electricity. This process, called electrotherapy, works both by attracting immune cells and skin cells to the wound and by boosting cell growth and division. A study published last year led by engineer Yuanwen Jiang, now at the University of Pennsylvania, described a bandage that monitored temperature and conductivity, using the collected data to control delivery of electrotherapy. The new research adds biochemical sensing capabilities. “Biochemical signals open up new opportunities because you’re able to really examine what's happening on a molecular (分子的) level. That’s the key novelty here.” Jiang says. Gao and his colleagues also added an electroactive material that releases an anti-infectious drug when stimulated by an electrode. Another electrode stimulates the wound directly.(这种绷带是建立在之前促进电愈合的努力之上的。这个过程被称为电疗，通过吸引免疫细胞和皮肤细胞到伤口，并促进细胞生长和分裂来起作用。宾夕法尼亚大学工程师姜元文去年发表的一项研究描述了一种可以监测温度和电导率的绷带，利用收集到的数据来控制电疗的输送。这项新研究增加了生化传感能力。“生化信号开辟了新的机会，因为你能够真正检查分子水平上发生的事情。这是关键的新奇之处。”江说。高和他的同事们还添加了一种电活性材料，当受到电极刺激时，这种材料会释放出抗感染药物。另一个电极直接刺激伤口。)”可知，第三段的主要内容是智能绷带在伤口愈合方面的突破，特别是电疗和生化传感技术的结合。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Researchers still need to investigate the bandage’s biosensor durability in human patients’ chronic wounds.(研究人员还需要研究绷带在人类慢性伤口上的生物传感器耐久性。)”可知，智能绷带在人类伤口的持久性尚不确定。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段中“For a study published in Science Advances, Gao and his colleagues used rodents (啮齿动物) to test a “smart bandage” that could make chronic wound healing easier and faster.(在《科学进展》发表的一项研究中，高和他的同事使用啮齿动物来测试一种“智能绷带”，这种绷带可以使慢性伤口愈合更容易、更快。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一项关于智能绷带的研究，讲述了它的工作原理，发展历程以及目前存在的缺陷。A项符合题意。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 At times, we might set unrealistic expectations for ourselves based on other people's standards. ___16___ Whenever we want to do something, it has to be done just right. Here are some ways you can stop being so hard on yourself. One of the best ways to stop being hard on yourself is to understand the roots of your perfectionism. For some, it might be that they never got the support they needed growing up. ___17___ Take some time for yourself to really think about what your perfectionism means. ___18___. Find someone you trust who you can talk to about your struggles. This could be a friend, family member, co-worker, or even a therapist. Additionally, take time for yourself every day. Turn off your phone, put your computer away, and spend some time alone. Doing this will allow you to come back to the world feeling ready to take on anything. Another step is to set up a positive inner voice. You can do this by saying things like, “You're doing just fine, don't worry.” You might be surprised at how much power this simple act has. ___19___. Finally, write down your worries. By getting them down on paper, you'll find that they don't seem as daunting as before. And if you still can't shake that feeling of not being good enough? ___20___ It feels good to get all of your thoughts out even if it seems like no one else will read them. A. For others, it might be their fear of failure. B. Keep writing until you feel calmer or clearer. C. Unrealistic expectations can drive us to achieve more. D. This is particularly the case when it comes to perfectionism. E. You might have more confidence and overlook your mistakes. F. Remember that mistakes are part of growth, not a reflection of your worth. G. Meanwhile, you can seek support from others and take time to relieve yourself. 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人们会基于他人标准对自己设定不切实际的期望，尤其是在追求完美主义方面，并介绍了一些停止对自己过于苛刻的方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“At times, we might set unrealistic expectations for ourselves based on other people's standards. (有时，我们可能会根据别人的标准为自己设定不切实际的期望)” 和下文“  Whenever we want to do something, it has to be done just right.(无论什么时候我们想做什么事，都必须做得恰到好处）”可知，选项承接上下文，说的是不切实际的期望，尤其是在追求完美方面。故D 选项“当涉及到完美主义时，情况尤其如此”符合语境。故选D。 【17题详解】 根据上文“For some, it might be that they never got the support they needed growing up.(对一些人来说，可能是他们在成长过程中从未得到过他们需要的支持)” 可知，选项在分析完美主义的根源，A 选项 “对其他人来说，这可能是他们对失败的恐惧”符合语境， 与前文构成 “for some...for others...” 的结构，也是在分析完美主义的原因。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Find someone you trust that you can talk to about your struggles. This could be a friend, family member, co-worker, or even a therapist. Additionally, take time for yourself every day.(找一个你信任的人，你可以和他谈谈你的挣扎。这个人可以是朋友、家人、同事，甚至是治疗师。另外，每天给自己留点时间)” 可知，这一段主要讲的是向他人寻求支持以及给自己时间来放松，G 选项“同时，你可以向他人寻求支持并花时间放松自己” 符合该段主旨。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Another step is to set up a positive inner voice. You can do this by saying things like, “You're doing just fine, don't worry.” You might be surprised at how much power this simple act has.（另一个步骤是建立一个积极的内心声音。你可以通过说“你做得很好，别担心”这样的话来做到这一点。你可能会惊讶于这个简单的行为有多大的力量)” 可知，选项承接上文说明这样做会带来积极的效果，E选项 “你可能会更有信心并忽略自己的错误” 符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Finally, write down your worries. By getting them down on paper, you'll find that they don't seem as daunting as before. And if you still can't shake that feeling of not being good enough?(最后，写下你的担忧。把它们写在纸上，你会发现它们看起来不像以前那么令人生畏了。如果你仍然摆脱不了那种不够好的感觉呢？)” 可知，这里说的是通过写下来缓解担忧，B 选项 “继续写下去，直到你感觉更平静或更清楚”符合语境， 与前文内容相呼应。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B, C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Good afternoon, everyone. I am excited to share my research on... my research on...” My knees were trembling. I looked around the ____21____ hall and saw 50 pairs of eager eyes staring at me, ____22____ my next words. Although I felt ____23____ and comfortable discussing my research with lab mates, my shy nature ____24____ me when I faced a larger, unfamiliar audience. Despite my fear of public speaking, I decided to take action. I ____25____ an open mic night at a local comedy club. I’d always admired the confidence of stand-up comedians, and I thought the relaxed ____26____ would be more forgiving. My jokes didn’t get thunderous applause, but to my ____27____, I enjoyed being on stage. I even asked a famous comic for advice, and she told me, “Just practice more.” So I began to rehearse my research presentation ____28____ — alone. with colleagues, and even with unsuspecting visitors. Every audience ____29____. I drilled every pause and hand gesture. Initially, it felt ____30____ and awkward. But with each try, my ____31____ became smoother and more natural. Slowly but surely, the words started ____32____ on their own. By the time of my next presentation, the improvement was obvious—my confidence and presentation skills had improved dramatically. This time, my presentation concluded with ____33____ instead of awkward silence. Now I share my research with confidence. But I’ll always be grateful for that early ____34____ — when I failed to convey my findings despite months of painstaking research. That experience taught me that generating data is only part of doing science. Effective ____35____ is just as important. 21. A. entrance B. waiting C. dining D. lecture 22. A. perceiving B. anticipating C. questioning D. guessing 23. A. confident B. awkward C. hopeful D. painful 24. A. emptied B. silenced C. represented D. transformed 25. A. signed up for B. dropped out of C. missed out on D. looked forward to 26. A. relationship B. performance C. convention D. atmosphere 27. A. confusion B. regret C. surprise D. amusement 28. A. limitlessly B. eagerly C. tirelessly D. regularly 29. A. tipped B. counted C. suffered D. responded 30. A. appreciated B. trusted C. occupied D. forced 31. A. delivery B. research C. journey D. life 32. A. improving B. polishing C. flowing D. slipping 33. A. complaint B. expectation C. preference D. applause 34. A. struggle B. expectation C. decision D. attempt 35. A. demand B. communication C. operation D. resolution 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者克服公开演讲恐惧，通过不断练习提升演讲技能，最终自信分享研究成果的经历。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我环顾了一下演讲厅，看到50双热切的眼睛盯着我，期待着我的下一句话。A. entrance入口；B. waiting等候室；C. dining餐厅；D. lecture演讲。根据后文“hall and saw 50 pairs of eager eyes staring at me”可知，作者身处演讲厅，面对50双热切的眼睛。故选D。 22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我环顾了一下演讲厅，看到50双热切的眼睛盯着我，期待着我的下一句话。A. perceiving感知；B. anticipating期待；C. questioning质疑；D. guessing猜测。根据前文“50 pairs of eager eyes staring at me”可知，听众们热切地期待着作者的下一句话。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然和实验室的伙伴讨论我的研究时，我感到自信和舒适，但当我面对更大、更陌生的观众时，我内向的性格让我沉默了。A. confident自信的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. painful痛苦的。根据后文“comfortable discussing my research with lab mates”可知，作者和实验室伙伴讨论研究时感到自信和舒适。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然和实验室的伙伴讨论我的研究时，我感到自信和舒适，但当我面对更大、更陌生的观众时，我内向的性格让我沉默了。A. emptied倒空；B. silenced使沉默；C. represented代表；D. transformed转变。根据前文“my shy nature”和后文“when I faced a larger, unfamiliar audience”可知，作者内向的性格在面对更大、更陌生的观众时让他沉默了。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我报名参加了当地一家喜剧俱乐部的开放麦之夜。A. signed up for报名参加；B. dropped out of退出；C. missed out on错过；D. looked forward to期待。根据后文“I’d always admired the confidence of stand-up comedians”可知，作者报名参加了开放麦之夜活动来锻炼自己在大众面前讲话的能力。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直很欣赏单口喜剧演员的自信，我想轻松的氛围会更宽容。A. relationship关系；B. performance表演；C. convention惯例；D. atmosphere氛围。根据前文“I thought the relaxed”可知，作者认为轻松的氛围会更宽容。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的笑话没有得到雷鸣般的掌声，但令我惊讶的是，我喜欢站在舞台上的感觉。A. confusion困惑；B. regret后悔；C. surprise惊讶；D. amusement娱乐。根据后文“I enjoyed being on stage”可知，作者原本以为自己可能不喜欢站在舞台上，结果却喜欢上了，所以感到惊讶。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我开始不知疲倦地排练我的研究报告——独自一人，和同事一起，甚至和毫无防备的访客一起。A. limitlessly无限地；B. eagerly渴望地；C. tirelessly不知疲倦地；D. regularly定期地。根据后文“— alone, with colleagues, and even with unsuspecting visitors.”可知，作者排练的方式多样且投入，所以是不知疲倦地排练。故选C。 29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一位听众都很重要。A. tipped给小费；B. counted重要；C. suffered遭受；D. responded回应。根据前文“So I began to rehearse my research presentation ____8____ — alone. with colleagues, and even with unsuspecting visitors.”可知，作者不断地排练，因为她觉得每一次面对听众的机会都很重要。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我感觉很不自然，很尴尬。A. appreciated受欢迎的；B. trusted可信的；C. occupied忙于……的；D. forced不自然的。根据后文“and awkward”可知，这里表示一开始排练时的感觉是不自然。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但每一次尝试，我的表达都变得更加流畅和自然。A. delivery表达；B. research研究；C. journey旅程；D. life生活。根据前文“So I began to rehearse my research presentation”可知，作者在排练研究报告，所以此处指他的表达变得更加流畅和自然。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，但肯定的是，文字开始自然而然地流淌出来。A. improving提高；B. polishing打磨；C. flowing流淌；D. slipping滑倒。根据前文“became smoother and more natural”可知，文字开始自然而然地流淌出来。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一次，我的演讲以掌声而不是尴尬的沉默结束。A. complaint抱怨；B. expectation期待；C. preference偏爱；D. applause掌声。根据前文“the improvement was obvious-my confidence and presentation skills had improved dramatically”可知，作者的演讲技能提高了，所以演讲以掌声而不是尴尬的沉默结束。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我将永远感激那段早期的挣扎——尽管我经过了数月的艰苦研究，却仍未能传达我的发现。A. struggle挣扎；B. expectation期待；C. decision决定；D. attempt尝试。根据前文“when I failed to convey my findings despite months of painstaking research”可知，这是作者早期经历的一段挣扎时期。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有效的沟通同样重要。A. demand要求；B. communication沟通；C. operation操作；D. resolution决心。根据前文“That experience taught me that generating data is only part of doing science.”可知，作者通过这次经历学到了生成数据只是科学研究的一部分，有效的沟通同样重要。故选B。 第Ⅱ卷 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area surrounded by the Nanling Mountains and facing the South China Sea, is home to a diverse ecosystem. As a global biodiversity hotspot, it features ____36____ (strike) landscapes and rare wildlife. To allow the public ____37____ (appreciate) the area’s natural wonders, Dynamic Bay Area: Biodiversity Photography Exhibition was held in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, this month, with ____38____ display of more than 80 photos by local ____39____ (photograph) and conservationists. The five-day event ____40____ (seek) to plant a seed of awareness, inspiring deeper connections between people and nature. All the pictures were taken during last year’s 5,000-kilometer journey across the area’s diverse landscapes. Divided into four chapters-Mountains, Rivers, Sea and City, the event revealed the area’s ____41____ (hide) wonders: from the Chinese white dolphins in the Lingdingyang waters ____42____ the spoon-billed sandpiper in the waters of Zhanjiang. Wandering through the exhibition, visitors were transported to the heart of the area’s natural world, ____43____ (experience) the spirit of a land where every creature and element of nature tells a story of wonder. The exhibition demonstrated the successful ____44____ (integrate) of environmental conservation into the fabric of regional development, illustrating a path _____45_____ urban advancement and biodiversity conservation walk hand in hand. 【答案】36. striking 37. to appreciate 38. a 39. photographers 40. sought 41. hidden 42. to 43. experiencing 44. integration 45. where 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了粤港澳大湾区作为全球生物多样性热点地区，通过举办生物多样性摄影展，向公众展示其独特的自然景观和珍稀野生动植物，旨在提高人们的环保意识，促进人与自然更深层次的联系，并展现环境保护与区域发展成功融合的典范，为城市发展与生物多样性保护和谐共进提供了示范路径。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：作为全球生物多样性热点地区，它以引人注目的景观和珍稀的野生动物为特色。此处修饰名词landscapes，应用形容词striking“引人注目的”，作定语。故填striking。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让公众欣赏该地区的自然奇观，本月在广东省广州市举办了“活力湾区：生物多样性摄影展”，展出了当地摄影师和环保人士的80多张照片。固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to appreciate。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：为了让公众欣赏该地区的自然奇观，本月在广东省广州市举办了“活力湾区：生物多样性摄影展”，展出了当地摄影师和环保人士的80多张照片。此处泛指“一次展示”，且display以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词 a。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：为了让公众欣赏该地区的自然奇观，本月在广东省广州市举办了“活力湾区：生物多样性摄影展”，展出了当地摄影师和环保人士的80多张照片。此处与conservationists是并列成分，表示“摄影师”，应用名词photographer，使用复数形式，表泛指。故填photographers。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这个为期五天的活动旨在播下意识的种子，激发人与自然之间更深层次的联系。句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，seek的过去式是sought。故填sought。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该活动分为四个章节 —— 山、河、海和城市，揭示了该地区隐藏的奇观：从伶仃洋水域的中华白海豚到湛江水域的勺嘴鹬。hide与wonders”间是被动关系，即 “奇观被隐藏”，应用过去分词hidden，作定语。故填hidden。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：该活动分为四个章节 —— 山、河、海和城市，揭示了该地区隐藏的奇观：从伶仃洋水域的中华白海豚到湛江水域的勺嘴鹬。固定搭配from... to...意为 “从……到……”，to是介词。故填to。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：漫步在展览中，游客们仿佛置身于该地区自然世界的中心，体验着这片土地的精神，在这里，自然界的每一个生物和元素都讲述着奇妙的故事。visitors与experience之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填experiencing 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：这次展览展示了环境保护成功融入区域发展架构的成果，说明了城市发展与生物多样性保护携手共进的道路。此处作demonstrated的宾语，应用名词integration“融合”。故填integration。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这次展览展示了环境保护成功融入区域发展架构的成果，说明了城市发展与生物多样性保护携手共进的道路。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是path，表示地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是高中生李华，你的澳大利亚笔友Penny要来中国留学三个月，想要咨询在国内大家常用的手机应用程序，以利于日常工作生活。请你给她写封邮件回复，内容包括： 1. 表示欢迎；2. 你的推荐；3. 表达祝福。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Penny, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Penny, I’m thrilled to hear that you’re coming to China for a three-month study! It’ll be an amazing experience I’d like to recommend some useful apps. WeChat is a must-have. You can chat, pay bills, and even order food on it. For traveling, Didi is great for hailing taxis. And if you love reading, QQ Reading has a vast library. I believe these apps will make your life in China much easier. May your stay here be filled with joy and valuable memories! Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生的的澳大利亚笔友Penny要来中国留学三个月，想要咨询在国内大家常用的手机应用程序，以利于日常工作生活。请你给她写封邮件回复。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 激动的，兴奋的：thrilled→excited 快乐：joy→pleasure 广阔的，大量的：vast→enormous 推荐：recommend→suggest 句式拓展： 同义句转换 原句：I believe these apps will make your life in China much easier. 拓展句：I am convinced that these apps are bound to bring much convenience to your life in China. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I’m thrilled to hear that you’re coming to China for a three-month study!(运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型 2】And if you love reading, QQ Reading has a vast library.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Over twenty years ago, Virginia Squier was guiding a group of middle school students on a trip to England. She brought along her 8-year-old daughter Sarah. One evening, near the end of the visit, Squier, her daughter and the school group were on a platform in the London Underground getting ready to head to their next destination. It was 5 p.m. and the station was packed. Squier took hold of Sarah’s hand and began counting her students. Just then, a train pulled up to the platform. “Suddenly, my daughter let go of my hand, jumped on the train, and the doors began to close,” Virginia recalled. “As the train gathered speed, I ran alongside trying to force the door open by digging my fingers into the black rubber seal. Through the window, I could see my daughter’s panicked face.” The last thing she saw before the train pulled out of the station was her daughter crying and pounding her small fists against the glass. Behind her, a young man dressed in black leather with a spiked (有尖刺的) collar stood up and moved toward her. Virginia’s heart raced — his rough appearance matched every warning she’d ever heard about “dangerous” strangers. His black leather jacket with sharp-looking decorations, messy hair, even the way he walked — everything about him screamed “trouble”. She imagined the worst — what if he was a thief? What if he took Sarah somewhere she couldn’t find her? Terrified, Virginia searched for help but struggled to explain the emergency to a station worker who didn’t speak English well. “My daughter — the train!” she cried, but he didn’t understand. She tried speaking slowly, then louder, even gesturing wildly, but the language barrier made her panic grow. Each failed attempt left her more desperate as the train disappeared into the tunnel. The young man on the train had witnessed what had happened and immediately stepped in to help. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: He bent down and gently wiped Sarah’s tears with his sleeve. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: As Virginia hugged Sarah tightly, the young man disappeared into the crowd. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Paragraph 1: He bent down and gently wiped Sarah’s tears with his sleeve. “Shhh, it’s okay, little one,” he murmured in a voice much softer than his tough appearance suggested. His large hands moved with unexpected tenderness as he carefully wiped Sarah’s tear-streaked cheeks. When she continued to sob, he reached into his pocket and pulled out a slightly crumpled candy. “Here,” he said with a small smile that crinkled the corners of his eyes, “this always helps me feel better.” Keeping a protective arm around her, he guided Sarah off at the next stop, using his broad shoulders to protect her from the jostling crowd as they waited for the returning train. Paragraph 2: As Virginia hugged Sarah tightly, the young man disappeared into the crowd. Virginia’s arms trembled as she clutched Sarah to her chest — her relief so overwhelming that she barely noticed the young man slipping away. “Wait!” she called out, but her voice was lost in the station noise. Looking down at Sarah’s calm face, Virginia felt a wave of shame. That dangerous-looking stranger, the one she’d judged instantly by his rough appearance, had shown more kindness than anyone else today. His leather jacket had protected Sarah from the cold train air, his spiked collar had made other passengers give them space, and his tattooed hands had held her daughter’s small fingers so gently. Wiping her tears, Virginia made a silent promise to herself: never again would she let appearances cloud her judgment so completely. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Virginia Squier的女儿Sarah在伦敦地铁意外与母亲分离的经历。当Sarah独自被困在地铁车厢内时，Virginia非常担心，尤其是看到车厢里有个穿着黑色皮衣、带尖刺领子的年轻人走向Sarah，她担心这个看似危险的人会对女儿不利。然而，这个年轻人其实是想帮助Sarah。Virginia对此心怀感激,让她学会不以貌取人，更加包容。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他弯下腰，用袖子轻轻地擦去Sarah的眼泪。”可知，第一段可描写年轻人帮助Sarah的善意行为，如何安抚Sarah，可能包括询问她的情况，带她到安全的地方，或者联系工作人员。 ②由第二段首句内容“Virginia紧紧地拥抱着Sarah，年轻人消失在人群中。”可知，第二段可描写母女重逢的感人场景，Virginia的感激之情，以及年轻人不留姓名离开，突出他不求回报的善良。同时可以加入Virginia对自己之前的偏见感到惭愧，或者意识到不能以貌取人的道理。 2.续写线索：年轻人帮助Sarah——把Sarah送回——Virginia见到女儿——年轻人默默离开——感谢年轻人——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①低语：murmured/whispered/in a whisper ②注意：notice/pay attention to/take notice of ③判断：judged/made a judgment 情绪类 ①温柔：tenderness/gentleness/be tender ②羞愧：a wave of shame/blush for/feel shameful 【点睛】[高分句型1] Keeping a protective arm around her, he guided Sarah off at the next stop, using his broad shoulders to protect her from the jostling crowd as they waited for the returning train.（运用了现在分词作伴随状语和动词不定式作目状语，以及as引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型2] Virginia’s arms trembled as she clutched Sarah to her chest — her relief so overwhelming that she barely noticed the young man slipping away.（运用了结果状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025学年高二下学期第二次月考 英语 第I卷 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，可先将答案写在试卷上。录音内容结束后，必须将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman suggest the man do first? A. Have the machine repaired. B. Read the operations manual(使用手册). C. Try the buttons one by one. 2. How is the woman probably feeling now? A. Determined. B. Relaxed. C. Frustrated. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Business partners. C. Boss and employee. 4. What is the total value of the toy cars? A.￡50. B.￡150. C.￡130. 5. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In the wild. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman doing? A. Telling a joke. B. Selling a ticket. C. Giving advice. 7. What will the man do next? A. Prepare for a holiday party. B. Book an airline ticket. C. Wait for the price to drop. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Tour guide and tourist. B. Teacher and student. C. Family members. 9. How long had the Petronas Twin Towers been the world’s tallest buildings? A. For 8 years. B. For 7 years. C. For 2 years. 10. What is the woman going to do this summer? A. Have a tour of Malaysia. B. Preview her lessons. C. Go on holiday with friends. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Which of the following is the man taking part in? A. A marathon. B. A bike ride. C. A TV program. 12. What does the woman suggest the man do first? A. Support his friends. B. Take care of his grandfather. C Create a web page. 13. Why does the man want to raise money? A. To help heart disease patients. B. To support cancer research. C. To house the homeless. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What are the speakers talking about? A. Academic performance. B. Career planning. C. School application. 15. What does the man advise the woman’s son to focus on? A. Overall ability. B. Personal interests. C. Social activities. 16. What is required in the important essay? A. Plans for scientific experiments. B. An outlook for future careers. C. Development of social programs. 17. How does the woman feel about the talk? A. Time-consuming. B. Informative. . C. Doubtful 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is Perelman? A. A researcher. B. A doctor. C. A reporter. 19. How may babies react to unfamiliar babies? A. They may start to cry. B. They may show much fear. C. They may touch each other. 20. What may the study lead to? A. Much more parenting time with babies. B. A greater demand for experienced babysitters. C. An increase in family-based day care centers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Science chatbots provide a unique way to interact with complex scientific topics, giving users instant answers, guidance, and. support. Below, you’ll find a list of science-focused chatbots that can help you understand topics in-depth, conduct research, and even complete experiments. Wolfram Alpha Wolfram Alpha is a powerful computational chatbot, perfect for students tackling challenging science and math problems. Known for its accuracy, Wolfram Alpha provides step-by-step solutions to complex equations, generates graphs, and interprets data. It’s ideal for students looking to enhance their problem-solving skills in physics, chemistry, and other quantitative sciences. The platform’s precise calculations and vast database make it a go-to tool for those needing scientific support. Socratic Socratic is a popular educational chatbot developed by Google, helping students with science, math, and other subjects. It uses AI to answer questions, explain concepts, and provide visual aids for better comprehension. Socratic is user-friendly and offers solutions for both simple and complex scientific problems. Via images, videos, and diagrams, Socratic enhances understanding and is a great resource for students who benefit from a visual learning approach. Galactica Galactica is an astronomy-focused chatbot designed to help students and enthusiasts explore the universe. It provides information on bodies, space phenomena, and astronomical theories, making it. an exciting resource for anyone interested in space science. With Galactica, users can ask questions about planets, stars, and galaxies, gaining a better understanding of our universe. This chatbot is perfect for aspiring astronomers and students keen on expanding their knowledge of space. SciNote ELN Assistant SciNote ELN Assistant is an electronic lab notebook (ELN) tool tailored for scientific research and lab management. It assists researchers by organizing notes, tracking experiments, and providing reminders for lab tasks. This chatbot is particularly beneficial for students and researchers who need to maintain organized records of their experiments. With SciNote ELN, users can ensure efficient documentation, making it easier to analyze results and improve research productivity. 1. What is Wolfram Alpha featured with? A. Interactive science learning visuals. B. Real-time research database updates. C. In-depth astronomy exploration guide. D. Detailed guidance to scientific problems. 2. Which chatbot best suits a visual learner? A. Wolfram Alpha. B. Socratic. C. Galactica. D. SciNote ELN Assistant. 3. What is the primary function of SciNote ELN Assistant? A. Analyzing chemical reactions in labs. B. Generating graphs from research data. C. Documenting research and tracing lab tests. D. Providing video explanations of lab techniques. B Did you know that an average Indian household wastes over 50 litres of water daily? At just 18, Mannat Kaur has found a way to change that. Mannat’s story towards sustainability began at home. Her parents had educated her in following a more sustainable path towards everyday events. This early exposure to sustainable practices laid the foundation for her later efforts. However, Mannat’s passion for water recycling was sparked by a first-hand experience in 2016. “I saw people struggling for two days during a supply shortage in Delhi’s canals, searching for water and carrying their pots,” recalls Mannat. Determined to find a solution, 10-year-old Mannat started researching. She surveyed 400 people to understand barriers to greywater (洗涤水) recycling. Mannat found that people were willing to have a recycling system, but the limitations and the lack of knowledge stopped them from doing so. Driven by a desire to bridge this gap, Mannat began a mission. Her innovation, a decentralised greywater recycling system, comprises two key components: the Bilge Vessel (BV) and the Scupper Valve (SV). The Scupper Valve, a compact device placed in the floor drain, collects shower and kitchen greywater, which is then pumped to the Bilge Vessel or filtration (过滤). The Bilge Vessel is a three-bucket filtration system that purifies water using natural filter media. “The Bilge Vessel stores the recycled water, which can be used for non-drinking operations and activities that require non-human contact like irrigation, mopping, car washing, etc,” shares Mannat. The impact of Mannat’s system is evident in her own home, where the prototype has been functioning for two years. For a family of four, the system saves 5,000 to 6,000 litres of potable water per month, effectively recycling 50%of their water demand. Furthermore, her decentralised approach significantly reduces carbon emissions compared to traditional centralised sewage treatment systems. Mannat Kaur’s journey is an inspiring example of how youthful innovation, coupled with a deep understanding of real-world problems, can lead to impactful solutions. Her greywater recycling system addresses water scarcity and promotes a sustainable lifestyle, making her a true champion of environmental stewardship. 4. What inspired Mannat to focus on water recycling? A. A scientific project. B. Delhi’s water crisis. C. Her parents’ advice. D. A household practice. 5. What was a problem with greywater recycling according to the survey? A. Lack of government funding. B. Public disinterest in recycling C. Great distance between families. D. Challenges in knowledge and methods. 6. How does Mannat’s creation work? A. By collecting, filtering and storing. B. By treating, purifying, and storing. C. By reducing, recycling and reusing. D. By pumping, filtering and dumping. 7. Which might be the best title for the text? A Reducing Pollution in Households B. Personal Efforts in Water Conservation C. A Teen’s Innovation for Water Recycling D. The History of Pollution Treatment Systems C On the surface, it may not appear that Dr. Dolittle and artificial intelligence (AI) have much in common. One belongs in 1900s children’s literature, while the other is firmly rooted in the 21st century. One is a physician turned vet (兽医) who can talk to animals, and the other a computerized technology that cannot. But the dream of speaking with animals may not be so fantastical anymore. AI has already given us the ability to bark instructions at robots—could its potential be extended to the animal kingdom? Could it help us understand the natural world and maybe one day allow us to “talk” to animals? The first difficulty in “translating” animal communication is understanding what that communication looks like. Human language is made up of verbal (口头的) and non-verbal cues, and animal communication is no different. Dogs wag their tails, for example, to convey a range of emotions. However, there is some debate as to whether this can be considered a “language”. According to Dr. Herzing, Research Director, Wild Dolphin Project, AI could help put it to bed. “We currently don’t know if animals have a language,” Herzing said. “But AI can help us look for language-like structures which might suggest animals have parts of a language.” Scientists have been collecting sounds, calls and various animal vocalizations (发声) for decades. Research has shown that animal vocalizations carry many types of information from their identity to external objects. The hope is that AI models being developed can work like what ChatGPT does for human input, and turn those vocalizations into something more recognizable to humans. With a better understanding of the animals around us, can we still justify practices that slaughter (屠宰) them? This could have far-reaching influences, including for the treatment of animals in entertainment, research and agriculture. From a human perspective, there is also a lot we could learn, not just about ourselves but about animals and, maybe, other life forms. 8. Why does the author mention Dr. Dolittle in paragraph 1? A. To present a classic figure. B. To highlight literary-real gap. C. To inspire animal talk fantasy. D. To indicate tech realizes fairytale. 9. What does “put it to bed” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Solve the problem. B. Suspend the research. C. Continue the discussion. D. Reconsider the definition. 10. What are AI models expected to do? A. Interpret human language patterns. B. Assess the general state of animals. C. Make animal voices understandable. D. Record major events in the natural world. 11. What will a better understanding of the animals lead to? A. A new life form exploration. B. The better animal welfare. C. A deeper reflection on humans. D. The advanced slaughter technology. D Some wounds won’t heal (康复) by themselves. Current chronic (慢性的) wound treatments often require surgery or lead to overuse of antibiotic, which can worsen the problem of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. “There’s an urgent need for personalized wound treatment,” says California Institute of Technology biomedical engineer Wei Gao. For a study published in Science Advances, Gao and his colleagues used rodents (啮齿动物) to test a “smart bandage” that could make chronic wound healing easier and faster. It consists of a stretchable bandage attached to the skin, containing medication and a thin layer of electronics that monitors and wirelessly transmits data about the wound’s condition. The bandage can carry out controlled delivery of two treatments: a drug and an electric current. The bandage builds on previous efforts to promote healing with electricity. This process, called electrotherapy, works both by attracting immune cells and skin cells to the wound and by boosting cell growth and division. A study published last year led by engineer Yuanwen Jiang, now at the University of Pennsylvania, described a bandage that monitored temperature and conductivity, using the collected data to control delivery of electrotherapy. The new research adds biochemical sensing capabilities. “Biochemical signals open up new opportunities because you’re able to really examine what's happening on a molecular (分子的) level. That’s the key novelty here.” Jiang says. Gao and his colleagues also added an electroactive material that releases an anti-infectious drug when stimulated by an electrode. Another electrode stimulates the wound directly. The team tested the bandage on rodents with wounds and found that it accurately detected changes in infection and physical states at different stages of wound healing. The bandage’s combined treatments fully healed rodent wounds in two weeks. Each individual treatment achieved at least partial healing within that time, and untreated animals did not heal. Researchers still need to investigate the bandage’s biosensor durability in human patients’ chronic wounds. “Requirements for the lifetime of the device are very different between rodents and human subjects,” Jiang says. “Stability over that extended period has not been tested yet.” 12. What is the advantage of the “smart bandage” in the study? A. It avoids the use of antibiotic. B. It can help patients receive personalized surgeries. C. It can monitor and adjust treatment in real time. D. It is made from stretchable materials. 13. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The importance of electrotherapy in wound healing. B. The breakthroughs in wound healing with Smart Bandages. C. The challenges scientists meet in the lengthy research process. D. The comparison between two great scientists’ researches. 14 What can we learn about the smart bandage? A. The smart bandage proves ineffective to some animals. B. The durability of the bandage in human wounds remains unclear. C. Different bandages are used at different stages of wound healing D. Different lifetimes of humans require different bandages. 15. What is the best title of the passage? A. New Bandage Medicates Chronic Wounds B. The Evolution of Electrotherapy Bandage C. The Science Behind Electrotherapy Bandage D. How Smart Bandage Heals Wounds 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 At times, we might set unrealistic expectations for ourselves based on other people's standards. ___16___ Whenever we want to do something, it has to be done just right. Here are some ways you can stop being so hard on yourself. One of the best ways to stop being hard on yourself is to understand the roots of your perfectionism. For some, it might be that they never got the support they needed growing up. ___17___ Take some time for yourself to really think about what your perfectionism means. ___18___. Find someone you trust who you can talk to about your struggles. This could be a friend, family member, co-worker, or even a therapist. Additionally, take time for yourself every day. Turn off your phone, put your computer away, and spend some time alone. Doing this will allow you to come back to the world feeling ready to take on anything. Another step is to set up a positive inner voice. You can do this by saying things like, “You're doing just fine, don't worry.” You might be surprised at how much power this simple act has. ___19___. Finally, write down your worries. By getting them down on paper, you'll find that they don't seem as daunting as before. And if you still can't shake that feeling of not being good enough? ___20___ It feels good to get all of your thoughts out even if it seems like no one else will read them. A. For others, it might be their fear of failure. B. Keep writing until you feel calmer or clearer. C. Unrealistic expectations can drive us to achieve more. D. This is particularly the case when it comes to perfectionism. E. You might have more confidence and overlook your mistakes. F. Remember that mistakes are part of growth, not a reflection of your worth. G. Meanwhile, you can seek support from others and take time to relieve yourself. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B, C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Good afternoon, everyone. I am excited to share my research on... my research on...” My knees were trembling. I looked around the ____21____ hall and saw 50 pairs of eager eyes staring at me, ____22____ my next words. Although I felt ____23____ and comfortable discussing my research with lab mates, my shy nature ____24____ me when I faced a larger, unfamiliar audience. Despite my fear of public speaking, I decided to take action. I ____25____ an open mic night at a local comedy club. I’d always admired the confidence of stand-up comedians, and I thought the relaxed ____26____ would be more forgiving. My jokes didn’t get thunderous applause, but to my ____27____, I enjoyed being on stage. I even asked a famous comic for advice, and she told me, “Just practice more.” So I began to rehearse my research presentation ____28____ — alone. with colleagues, and even with unsuspecting visitors. Every audience ____29____. I drilled every pause and hand gesture. Initially, it felt ____30____ and awkward. But with each try, my ____31____ became smoother and more natural. Slowly but surely, the words started ____32____ on their own. By the time of my next presentation, the improvement was obvious—my confidence and presentation skills had improved dramatically. This time, my presentation concluded with ____33____ instead of awkward silence. Now I share my research with confidence. But I’ll always be grateful for that early ____34____ — when I failed to convey my findings despite months of painstaking research. That experience taught me that generating data is only part of doing science. Effective ____35____ is just as important. 21. A. entrance B. waiting C. dining D. lecture 22. A. perceiving B. anticipating C. questioning D. guessing 23. A. confident B. awkward C. hopeful D. painful 24. A. emptied B. silenced C. represented D. transformed 25. A. signed up for B. dropped out of C. missed out on D. looked forward to 26. A. relationship B. performance C. convention D. atmosphere 27. A. confusion B. regret C. surprise D. amusement 28 A. limitlessly B. eagerly C. tirelessly D. regularly 29. A. tipped B. counted C. suffered D. responded 30. A. appreciated B. trusted C. occupied D. forced 31. A. delivery B. research C. journey D. life 32. A. improving B. polishing C. flowing D. slipping 33. A. complaint B. expectation C. preference D. applause 34. A. struggle B. expectation C. decision D. attempt 35. A. demand B. communication C. operation D. resolution 第Ⅱ卷 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, surrounded by the Nanling Mountains and facing the South China Sea, is home to a diverse ecosystem. As a global biodiversity hotspot, it features ____36____ (strike) landscapes and rare wildlife. To allow the public ____37____ (appreciate) the area’s natural wonders, Dynamic Bay Area: Biodiversity Photography Exhibition was held in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, this month, with ____38____ display of more than 80 photos by local ____39____ (photograph) and conservationists. The five-day event ____40____ (seek) to plant a seed of awareness, inspiring deeper connections between people and nature. All the pictures were taken during last year’s 5,000-kilometer journey across the area’s diverse landscapes. Divided into four chapters-Mountains, Rivers, Sea and City, the event revealed the area’s ____41____ (hide) wonders: from the Chinese white dolphins in the Lingdingyang waters ____42____ the spoon-billed sandpiper in the waters of Zhanjiang. Wandering through the exhibition, visitors were transported to the heart of the area’s natural world, ____43____ (experience) the spirit of a land where every creature and element of nature tells a story of wonder. The exhibition demonstrated the successful ____44____ (integrate) of environmental conservation into the fabric of regional development, illustrating a path _____45_____ urban advancement and biodiversity conservation walk hand in hand. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是高中生李华，你的澳大利亚笔友Penny要来中国留学三个月，想要咨询在国内大家常用的手机应用程序，以利于日常工作生活。请你给她写封邮件回复，内容包括： 1. 表示欢迎；2. 你的推荐；3. 表达祝福。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Penny, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Over twenty years ago, Virginia Squier was guiding a group of middle school students on a trip to England. She brought along her 8-year-old daughter Sarah. One evening, near the end of the visit, Squier, her daughter and the school group were on a platform in the London Underground getting ready to head to their next destination. It was 5 p.m. and the station was packed. Squier took hold of Sarah’s hand and began counting her students. Just then, a train pulled up to the platform. “Suddenly, my daughter let go of my hand, jumped on the train, and the doors began to close,” Virginia recalled. “As the train gathered speed, I ran alongside trying to force the door open by digging my fingers into the black rubber seal. Through the window, I could see my daughter’s panicked face.” The last thing she saw before the train pulled out of the station was her daughter crying and pounding her small fists against the glass. Behind her, a young man dressed in black leather with a spiked (有尖刺的) collar stood up and moved toward her. Virginia’s heart raced — his rough appearance matched every warning she’d ever heard about “dangerous” strangers. His black leather jacket with sharp-looking decorations, messy hair, even the way he walked — everything about him screamed “trouble”. She imagined the worst — what if he was a thief? What if he took Sarah somewhere she couldn’t find her? Terrified, Virginia searched for help but struggled to explain the emergency to a station worker who didn’t speak English well. “My daughter — the train!” she cried, but he didn’t understand. She tried speaking slowly, then louder, even gesturing wildly, but the language barrier made her panic grow. Each failed attempt left her more desperate as the train disappeared into the tunnel. The young man on the train had witnessed what had happened and immediately stepped in to help. 注意: 1. 续写词数应150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: He bent down and gently wiped Sarah’s tears with his sleeve. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: As Virginia hugged Sarah tightly, the young man disappeared into the crowd. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $