第04讲 Unit 4 Growing up（知识全梳理&考点精准练）-【暑假自学课】2025年新九年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（牛津译林版）

第04讲 Unit 4 Growing up 一、 What's on your mind, Eddie?在想什么呢，埃迪? 【考点详解】on one’s mind 挂在心上;惦念 There must be something on his mind. 他一定有什么心事。 【拓展】与mind 相关的短语: change one's mind 改变主意 make up one's mind 下定决心 bring/call...to mind 想起... keep...in mind 将...记在心上 in one's mind在某人的脑海里,在某人心里 Whether you agree or not, I shall not change my mind. 不管你同意与否,我都不会改变主意。 Just a moment, please. I haven't made up my mind yet. 请稍等,我还没做好决定。 Keep in mind that you should save water whenever possible. 请记住，你应该尽可能节约用水。 【牛刀小试】 （1）Steven decided to clean up the city parks with other volunteers on Earth Day. A．found out B．made up his mind C．took the place D．set up （2）---What’s __________your mind? ---I’m worried ________up is hard. A．in; grow B．on; growing C．on; growth D．up; grows 二、What's up? 怎么了? 【考点详解】常用于口语中,用来询问对方的状况,相当于What's wrong/the matter/the trouble?"。对方若没什么事,通常会回答"Nothing. You look a little unhappy.What's up? 你看起来有点儿不开心。怎么了? What's up with your face，Susan? 苏珊,你的脸怎么了?（后接某人或某物时,要加介词with） 【牛刀小试】 （1）—I called you at 8:00 last night, but you didn’t answer. What’s up? —Oh, I ________ a live stream (直播) about AI development on my computer. A．watch B．watched C．was watching D．am watching （2）—What’s up? She looks so sad.   —She failed the exam. Let’s ________. A．dress her up B．cheer her up C．make her up D．pick her up 三、Don't wake me up until you finish building it.等你建好了再叫醒我。 【考点详解】not...until...直到...才... until 在此引导时间状语从句,对应的主句谓语动词常用非延续性动词,表示主句的动作直到从句所表示的时间才开始发生。 It is said that erhu did not get its name until the late Qing Dynasty.据说二胡直到清末才得名。 【牛刀小试】 （1）You need to practise speaking every day ________ you hope to improve your spoken English. A．if B．although C．unless D．until （2）________ we always wait for another day, fruitlessly our life will pass away. A．Until B．If C．Although D．Whether 四、 Books allow me to learn about people indifferent times and places , and I can read them whenever I want to.书让我了解身处不同时代和不同地区的人，并且我想看书时随时都可以看。 【考点详解】whenever conj.无论何时;每当，每次 ① [连词]每当,每次 引导时间状语从句,相当于every time。 I can send you a message whenever I miss you.每当我想念你的时候,我都可以给你发短信。 ② [连词]无论何时引导让步状语从句,相当于 no matter when。 Help whenever and wherever you can.无论何时何地,尽你所能提供帮助。 【拓展】类似的词还有: however( = no matter how)无论如何 whoever( = no matter who)无论谁 whatever( = no matter what)无论什么 wherever( = no matter where)无论在哪里 whichever( = no matter which)无论哪个 【牛刀小试】 （1）—Brenda still hasn’t come out of the losing competition. —Yeah, whenever ________ mentions the subject to her, she just goes silent. A．none B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody （2）Zhu Ting says she will return to her motherland whenever she (need). 五、 As soon as you click the mouse , there's a great deal of information.你一点击鼠标就会出现大量的信息。 【考点详解】as soon as 一...就..... 用来引导时间状语从句,强调主句动作和从句动作几乎同时发生。若主句用一般过去时从句常用一般过去时;若主句用一般将来时从句常用一般现在时表示将来。 He took out his English book as soon as he sat down.他一坐下,就拿出了他的英语书。 As soon as we arrive , we'll go on a tour of the city.我们一到,就会游览这个城市。 【拓展】as soon as possible/one can 尽快 They hope to leave as soon as they can.他们希望能尽快离开。 【牛刀小试】 （1）The song reminded me of the old days as soon as it ________. A．played B．is played C．was played D．would play （2）Many people came to help as soon as they the news. (hear) 六、 a great deal of 大量，许多 （deal [名词]很多） 【考点详解】修饰不可数名词,相当于 a good deal of They learned a great deal of knowledge and made much progress.他们学到了很多知识并且取得了很大进步。 【拓展】 ①表示"许多,大量”的短语还有: plenty of 后接可数名词复数或不可数名词 a lot of 相当于 lots of，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词 a number of 后接可数名词复数 ②a great/good deal[副词短语]大量,许多;相当于much、a lot,在句中作状语，修饰动词及形容词或副词的比较级。 It snowed a great/good deal last December.去年12 月份降雪量很大。 He ran a great/good deal faster than Daniel.他比丹尼尔跑得快多了。 【牛刀小试】 （1）—I have ________ problems to solve these days. They nearly drive me mad. —Don’t worry. You can turn to the Internet for help. As soon as you search the website, ________ information will appear on the screen. A．a lot of; many B．lots of; a number of C．a great deal of; many D．a number of; a great deal of （2）After ________ ten years’ hard work, the man made ________ money finally. A．/; a great deal of B．a; a large number of C．/; a large number of D．a; a good deal of 七、While attending junior high, Spud tried out for the school team, but he was refused at first because he was too small. 在上初中时，斯巴德参加了校队的选拔，但起初因为他个子太矮而被拒绝。 【考点详解】①try out for sth.意为“参加……选拔”。 Linda tried out for the school table tennis team yesterday. 琳达昨天参加了学校乒乓球队的选拔。 ②while attending junior high意为“在上初中时”。此处while用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；在……期间”。当while从句中的主语与主句中的主语一致，且含有be动词时，常省略从句的主语和be动词。 Andy fell asleep while （he was） doing his homework. 安迪在写作业的时候睡着了。 While （I was） in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Summer Palace. 我在北京的时候参观了颐和园。 【牛刀小试】 （1）He decides ________ an English speech contest. A．to try out on B．to try out for C．trying out for D．to try out in （2）I decided to (参加……选拔) the school basketball team. 八、Spud went on to become leader of the team. 斯巴德接着成了球队的领导者。 【考点详解】go on意为“继续”。与之有关的短语用法区别如下： ①go on to do sth.=continue to do sth. （完成某事后）接着做另一件事 Go on to wash your clothes after doing the dishes. 洗碗后继续洗衣服。 ②go on doing sth.=continue doing sth. 继续不停地做同一件事 He went on working until he was 91. 他一直工作到91岁。 ③go on with sth （尤指停顿或中断之后）继续做同一件事 We’ll go on with the discussion tomorrow. 明天我们将继续讨论。 【牛刀小试】 （1）If you do well in the exam, you can then go on at university. (study) （2）They will go on (find) out the answers to these difficult questions. 九、As a result, he succeeded in getting a scholarship. 结果，他成功获得了奖学金。 【考点详解】succeed此处用作不及物动词，意为“成功”。常见搭配有： ①succeed in sth.意为“在某方面成功”。 In 1973, Yuan Longping and his team succeeded in the development of hybrid rice. 在1973年，袁隆平和他的团队成功研发了杂交水稻。 ②succeed in doing sth.意为“成功地做某事”，相当于do sth. successfully。 My brother succeeded in making a model plane yesterday. 昨天我弟弟成功地制作了一架模型飞机。 【拓展】 success是名词，意为“成功”； successful是形容词，意为“成功的”；successfully是副词，意为“成功地”。 Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 The charity show was very successful. 那场慈善演出很成功。 We finished the work successfully. 我们成功地完成了工作任务。 【牛刀小试】 （1）The road to ________ is difficult, but if you work hard, you’re sure to _________. A．success; succeed B．successful; success C．succeed; success D．succeed; successful （2）I believe they’ll succeed in (work) out the problem. 十、He remained there for about a year before the NBA took notice of him. 在NBA注意到他之前，他在那儿待了大约一年。 【考点详解】①remain 此处用作不及物动词，意为“逗留，停留”，常与表示地点的副词或介词短语连用。 I will remain here for another two days. 我会再在这儿待两天。 【拓展】remain还可以用作连系动词，意为“仍然是；保持不变”，强调保持某种状态，后接名词、形容词等作表语。 We must always remain kind and honest. 我们必须始终保持善良和诚实。 ②take notice of意为“注意到；察觉；理会”，相当于动词notice。take no notice of意为“不注意；不理会”。 I hope you’ll take note of what I’m going to tell you. 我希望你留心听我将要告诉你的事情。 Sandy passed by me, but she took no notice of me. 桑迪从我旁边走过，但她没有注意到我。 【牛刀小试】 （1）It was raining outside, but the boy remained _______ football. A．to be played B．plays C．playing D．play （2）Please remain ______ until the plane has come to a complete stop. A．to seat B．seats C．seating D．seated 十一、Through hard work, Spud Webb proved that size and body type do not matter-you can do almost anything if you never give up. 通过努力，斯巴德·韦伯证明了高矮胖瘦不重要——只要你永不放弃，你几乎可以做任何事情。 【考点详解】①prove是动词，意为“证明；证实”。其后接名词、代词或由that引导的宾语从句。 He proved his courage in that battle. 他在那次战斗中证明了自己的勇气。 The doctor’s tests proved that my father was in good health. 医生的检查证明了我父亲身体健康。 ②matter此处用作动词，意为“要紧，有重大影响”。“It doesn’t matter.”意为“不要紧/没关系”，常用来回答别人的道歉。 What matters most is love, not the festival itself. 最要紧的是爱，而不是节日本身。 —I’m sorry I’m late again. 不好意思，我又迟到了。 —It doesn’t matter. 没关系。 【牛刀小试】 （1）John is planning to take part in the coming speech contest to prove . (he) （2）—I’m really sorry. But I didn’t mean to do that. I just wanted to invite you to sing with me. —________. A．I’m sorry too B．You’re welcome C．It doesn’t matter D．Good idea 十二、However, no university would invite him to play basketball simply because he was only 170cm tall. 【考点详解】simply此处作副词，意为“只是，仅仅” It’s not simply a matter of money. 这不仅仅是钱的问题。 【拓展】 ①simply作副词，还可意为“简朴地，朴素地” My grandmother lived very simply. 我祖母生活得非常简朴。 ②simple为形容词，意为“简单的，简易的”。同义词是easy，反义词为hard/difficult I can write some simple French articles. 我能写一些简单的法语文章。 【牛刀小试】 （1）He stated the fact without adding any personal opinions.(simple) （2）She didn’t get angry. She (simple) smiled and walked away. 十三、 After he graduated, he was forced to play in another basketball league. 【考点详解】force此处用作及物动词，意为“强迫，迫使” 常用短语：force sb. to do sth.意为“强迫某人做某事”； 被动结构 为sb. be forced to do sth.意为“某人被强迫做某事”。 She forced herself to be polite to them even though she didn’t have to. 她对他们强装客气，即使她用不着这样。 【牛刀小试】 （1）— My son falls ill again. What should I do? — You’d better ________ him ________ more exercise every day. A．to force; take B．force; take C．force; to take D．to force; to take （2）I forced (me) to study hard and put most of my time and energy into studying English. 十四、 In 1985, he joined the Atlanta Hawks and became the shortest player in the NBA at that time. 【辨析】join, join in, take part in join 指加入某个党派、团体、组织等，也可用于加入到某人当中 He joined the handwriting club two days ago. 两天前，他加入了书法社团。 join in 指参加小规模的活动，如唱歌、游戏等 We all joined in the singing. 我们一起唱起了歌。 take part in 指参加某项活动，并在活动中起一定作用 They took part in the basketball game last Friday.  上周五他们参加了篮球比赛。 【牛刀小试】 （1）—________ you ________ a school club recently?   —Yes, I have. A．Did, join B．Have, joined C．Did, take part in D．Have, taken part in （2）—We are going to ________ the high jump. Would you like to ________ us? —I’d like to, but I’m afraid I have no time. A．join; join B．take part in; join C．join; take part in D．join; join in 十五、Before and after can also be used as prepositions of time. 【考点详解】be used as意为“被用作”。 The big table can be used as a bed.那张大桌子被当作一张床。 English is used as a very useful working language.英语被用作一种有用的工作语言。 【拓展】常见的used短语 1. be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 2. be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事 3. be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 【牛刀小试】 （1）As a mountain climber, Aron is used to ________ risks. A．take B．takes C．to take D．taking （2）Three fifths of the land in our country ________ used for farming. A．is B．are C．been D．be 十六、The best moment is his career was in 2004—he scored 41 points in a game against the Atlanta Hawks. 【考点详解】against此处是介词，意为“对抗、与……相反”，be against“反对”，反义词为be for“支持”。 Our school plays against their school at basketball.我们学校要和他们学校进行足球比赛。 We are all against his idea.我们都反对他的想法。 【拓展】against还可以意为“靠着、迎着”。 He stood with his back against the door.她背靠门站着。 He hit his head against the window.他的头撞在窗户上了。 【牛刀小试】 （1）I’m strongly against (eat) junk food because it is unhealthy. （2）Don’t always compare our store ________ a supermarket. It’s quite difficult to compete ________ it. A．with; for B．against; to C．with; against D．for; to 十七、World War Ⅱ broke out in Europe in 1939 and ended in 1945.第二次世界大战于1939 年在欧洲爆发,于1945 年结束。 【考点详解】break out 爆发 ；多指战争、火灾、打斗等不愉快事件突然发生；不能用于被动语态。 Fire broke out during the night.夜间突然发生了火灾。 People have been used to wearing masks since the epidemic broke out. 自从疫情暴发以来，人们已经习惯了戴口罩。 【拓展】 含 break 的其他常见短语: break up 粉碎;结束;解散 break down 坏掉,出故障;使分解 break into 强行闯;撬开(汽车等) break of 中断,停顿;折断 break in 打断他人说话 【牛刀小试】 （1）Wars are disasters. A large number of people will lose their homes if a war _______. A．breaks out B．is broken out C．breaks up D．is broken up （2）If he keeps on working so hard, he’ll ____ under the pressure of work. A．break down B．break up C．break out D．break into 十八、 Life changed for everybody , including women and children because of the war.因为这场战争,每个人的生活都发生了改变，包括妇女和儿童。 including prep.包括...在内；作介词,其后常接名词或代词 Many tourists including foreigners like to buy Chinese knots as gifts during their trips. 包括外国人在内的许多游客喜欢在旅行中购买中国结作为礼物。 include v.包括;包含 Our plan includes most of your suggestions.我们的计划里包含了你们的大部分建议。 【牛刀小试】 （1）The young man enjoy many types of music, (include) classical, pop, and rock. （2）The Chinese Spring Festival ________ on the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity since 2024. A．includes B．is included C．has included D．has been included 十九、 It was a record of that time , and it has also become a symbol of the victory of the human spirit.它记录了那个时代,也成为人类精神胜利的一个象征。 record n.记录 [可数名词]keep a record of...记下... You should keep a record of your expenses.你应该记下你的开支。 【拓展】[名词](尤指体育运动中的)纪录 hold/keep a record 保持纪录 world record 世界纪录 set a record 创造纪录 break a record 打破纪录 【牛刀小试】 （1）Using snakes as medicine has a long history in China and it (record) in detail in many Chinese medicine books. （2）In 2024, several earthquakes ________ in Feidong County, Hefei, Anhui Province, but luckily, no one was seriously injured. A．were recorded B．recorded C．are recorded D．have recorded 二十、 Anne and her elder sister died of illness 安和她的姐姐死于疾病。 die of/from 死于 【辨析】die of 与 die from die of 强调死于内因,主要指饥饿、年老等原因。 die from强调死于外因,主要指地震、交通等原因。 **指死于疾病时两者可互换 She died of/from a heart attack.她因心脏病发作而死。 He died from a traffic accident.他死于一场交通事故。 【拓展】 die out 灭绝;消失 die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐平息 【牛刀小试】 （1）Millions of people ________ cancer from all over the world every year and more and more people _______ car accidents because of the heavy traffic. A．die from; die upon B．die out; die from C．die of; die from D．die upon; die of （2）—Every year, many African children ________ serious illnesses. —What bad news! I think we should do something to help them. A．die in B．die by C．die of D．die for 二十一、 her father had her diary published 她的父亲将她的日记出版。 have sth. done 让/使某事被做；表示"让(他人)为你做(某事)"或"蒙受(他人所为的后果)",相当于 get/make sth.done。过去分词表示被动,与 sth.构成动宾关系。 I had my hair cut yesterday.昨天我理发了。 She had her bag stolen.她的包被偷了。 【拓展】 ①have sth.to do 有某事要做其中 do 与 sth.存在动宾关系。 I have an important task to finish.我有一项要的任务要完成。 ②have sb.do sth.让某人做某事；相当于get sb. to do sth.。 I had Mary clean my bedroom yesterday. 昨天我让玛丽打扫了我的卧室。 【牛刀小试】 （1）—How will you deal with our old fridge, dear? —Well, I am considering having it ________ and then we don’t need to buy a new one. A．repair B．repaired C．to repair （2）—I have trouble ________ English, Miss Li. —Why not ________ to the English Corner and try to talk with others? A．reading, to go B．to read, go C．reading, go D．to read, to go 二十二、I admire these children for their courage.我钦佩这些孩子的勇气。 ①admire v.钦佩，羡慕 admire sb./sth.钦佩某人/某事 admire sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而钦佩某人 Many teenagers admire the scientists like Yuan Longping.许多青少年钦佩像袁隆平那样的利学家。 I admire you for your success in business.我美慕你事业有成。 ②courage n.勇气 ；[不可数名词]常用结构: have/lose the courage to do sth.有/失去勇气做某事 have no courage to do sth.没有勇气做某事 take courage鼓起勇气 Gradually I have the courage to speak out about anything.我逐渐有了表达自己意见的勇气。 Take courage,and I will accompany you! 鼓起勇气来,我会陪着你! 【牛刀小试】 （1）Many young people these volleyball heroes and want to become like them. (钦佩，仰慕) （2）People love them for their c (勇气) and hard work. 二十三、 To my surprise , he has decided to donate his body for medical research after his death.今我惊讶的是,他已决定去世后捐献遗体供医学研究。 1) surprise n.惊奇，诧异 常用短语有: to one's surprise 令某人惊奇的是；in surprise 惊讶地 To my surprise,he stood up immediately.令我吃惊的是,他马上站了起来。 She looked up in surprise.她惊讶地抬起头 【拓展】 ①surprise[及物动词]使惊奇;使感到意外 His strange question surprised her.他那奇怪的问题令她感到意外。 ②surprised 形容词 感到惊讶的通常形容人，指某讶的人对某事感到惊讶 surprising 形容词 令人惊奇的 通常修饰事/物，指某人/某物令人惊奇 2) research n.研究;调查 [不可数名词] do research on sth.进行关于某事的研究 They did lots of research there.他们在那里做了很多研究。 【拓展】[动词]研究;调查;探讨 He's been researching material for a documentary.他一直在研究材料，准备做一个纪录片。 3) death n.死，死亡 the death of...的死下 People across the country were sad to hear about his death.听闻他的去世,全国人民都很悲痛。 【拓展】与 death 相关的词: death n. 死亡 dying adj; 垂死的 dead adj; 死的 强调状态，常与时间段连用 die v.死亡 非延续性动词，不与时间段连用 deadly adj.致命的:极度的 At least six people died in the accident.事故中至少有六人死亡。 She's seriously ill and I'm afraid she is dying.她病得很重,恐怕命不久矣。 We didn't know if she was dead or alive.我们不知道她是死是活。 The couple turned deadly pale.这对夫妇脸色惨白。 【牛刀小试】 （1）People in Yunnan got a big (surprised) when they found some elephants in the neighborhood. （2）To everyone’s , the little bird flew out of the cage. (surprise) 1. 引导时间状语从句的连词 从属连词 用法 例句 While ＂与……同时，在……期间＂，从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的词 Don’t talk loud while（as）others are working. 别人工作时，请勿大声说话。 When ＂当……时＂，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生，从句的动词可用延续性动词，也可用非延续性动词 It was raining when we arrived. 我们到达时，天正下着雨。 when you read the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you. 当你再读一遍这首诗，你就会更清楚它的含义。 As ＂正当，一边……一边，随着＂，表示两个动作同时发生或某事发生时，另一个动作发生了 As time went on, his theory proved to be correct. 随着时间的推移，他的理论被证明是正确的。 Till/Until 用于肯定句时，表示＂直到……为止＂，主句必须为延续性动词；not...until/till表示＂直到……才＂，主句常用短暂性动词 We shall wait until/till he comes back. 我们将一直等到他回来。 I didn’t leave until/till she finished her homework. 直到她完成作业我才离开。 Since ＂自……以来＂，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时 I have heard lot of good things about you since I come back from abroad. 自从我从国外回来，我已经听许多好的事情。 Before 在……以前 He must finish all the work before he goes home. 回家之前他必须完成所有的工作。 After 在……之后 Let’s play football after school. 放学后我们打篮球吧。 2. when，while，as引导时间状语从句的区别 when，while，as显然都可以引导时间状语从句，但用法区别非常大。 ① when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。 ② when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 a. 从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。 When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. （finished先发生） 当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。 b. 从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。 ①When / While / As we were dancing, a stranger came in. （dance为延续性动词） 当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 ②When / While / As she was making a phonecall, I was writing a letter. （make为延续性动词） 当她在打电话时，我正在写信。 c. 当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示＂随着……＂ ＂一边……，一边……＂之意。 As the time went on, the weather got worse. 随着时间的过去，天气变得更糟糕了。 d. 在将来时的从句中，常用when，且从句要用一般时代替将来时。 You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it. 在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。 ③ when用于表示＂一……就……＂的句型中（指过去的事情）。 sb. had hardly（＝scarcely）done sth. when. . . ＝Hardly / Scarcely had sb. done sth. when... I had hardly / scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door. ＝Hardly / Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door. 我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。 I had hardly / scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang. ＝Hardly / Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang. 我刚一走进房门，电话就响了。 3. 比较until和till 此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是＂做某事直至某时＂，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是＂直至某时才做某事＂。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。 肯定句：I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。 Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。 （在肯定句中可用before代替。例如：Let’s get in the wheat before the sun sets.） 否定句：She didn’t arrive until 6 o’clock. 她直到6点才到。 Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。 I didn’t manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后，我才会做。 区别： （1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。 Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。 （2）until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。 —Until when are you staying? —Until next Monday. 注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。 （3）Not until...在句首，主句用倒装。 Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. 直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。 Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了许多岁月。 （4）It is not until... that... It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted. （5）表示＂一……就……＂的结构 hardly/scarcely... when/before, no sooner... than 和as soon as都可以表示＂一……就……＂的意思。 I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. 刚回家，就下起雨来了。 I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. As soon as I got home, it began to rain. 注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。 Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 【牛刀小试】 一、单项选择 1．________ it rains tomorrow, we will have the party indoors. A．If B．When C．Because D．While 2．My grandpa often tells me we must work hard to get more knowledge ________ we are young. A．after B．while C．before D．until 3．—Can I go to the concert with you tomorrow, Mum? —I’m afraid not unless all your homework ________. A．will be done B．is done C．has done D．does 4．I can hardly understand this passage ______ there aren’t any new words in it. A．unless B．because C．though D．until 5．— Mum, when can I watch my favourite TV programme? —________. A．Not until the homework is finished B．Until the homework is finished C．Before the homework is finished D．Since the homework was finished 二、单词拼写 6．—Mom, could I play video games for a while? —Unless your homework (complete). 7．A student won’t improve his grades unless he (develop) good study habits. 8．—Hello! May I speak to Miss Lin? —Sorry. She isn’t in. I’ll ask her to call you back as soon as she (return) home. 9．When someone (cough), a virus can easily travel through the air. 10．—When can I get my car back? —Not until it (repair) next Monday. 【话题分析】 本单元的主题是“Growing up”, 属于“人与自我”范畴下的“生活与学习，做人与做事”主题群。本单元的话题是“成长”，通过介绍一些人物的不平凡经历，鼓励学生们追求梦想、实现梦想。同时，学生们也学会了描述对自己影响最大的人，或描述对自己人生有重大影响的事件，进一步提高英语写作能力。写作内容呈现了一篇介绍对自己影响最大的人的文章。引导学生仿照示例，写一篇介绍对自己影响最大的人的语篇。 通过本课时的学习，学生能够： 1. 通过学习，掌握关于学生问题方面书信的写法。 2. 能够通过阅读，获取作者父亲的基本信息、性格和事例以及作者的观点的信息。 3. 能够运用本单元所学相关词汇和句型写一篇描写影响自己最深的人的作文。 4. 通过讨论分析范文，获取并梳理人物描写的文章结构。 【写作框架设计】 步骤一：开篇直接点题。谁是影响自己最深的人。 步骤二：外貌，性格，事例描写。 步骤三：如何影响自己，你学到什么，表达观点。 【短语积累】 1.to one’s surprise 让人惊讶的是 2.someone in need 一个需要帮助的人 3. a heart full of love一颗充满爱的心 4. be born in出生于 5. learn from sb.向某人学习 6. give up放弃 7.kept on doing sth继续做某事 8. make great contributions to 为……作出巨大贡献 9.not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… 10.try one’s best 尽某人最大的努力 11.lose heart失去信心 12.with one’s own efforts 靠自己的努力 13.be known as 被称为 14.made great progress取得很大的进步 15.be ready to do乐意做某事 【实战演练】 在初三的英语学习中，我们认识了很多名人，例如：Spud Webb，Tan Dun，Audrey Hepburn，Jackie Chan，Neil Armstrong，Marie Curie，Yuan Longping等，他们都是我们学习的榜样。生活中也有许多优秀的家长、老师、同学等值得我们学习。某英文网站正在开展以“My Role Model (我的榜样)”为话题的征文活动，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，内容涵盖以下要点： 1. Who is your role model? 2. What meaningful things he/she did influence you most? 3. What can you learn from him/her? 注意： 1. 词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺，可适当发挥； 3. 请勿提及真实校名、姓名等信息。 My Role Model Everyone has a role model. My role model is ______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”； ③提示：根据提示内容介绍自己的榜样，要求要点齐全，语句连贯，可适当发挥。 [写作步骤] 第一步，直接点题，点明谁是自己的榜样； 第二步，介绍榜样做的哪些有意义的事情对自己影响最大； 第三步，表达自己从榜样身上学到了什么。 [高分句型] ①When Spud Webb was young, he was small, but he had a big dream. (when引导的时间状语从句) ②He was refused to join the school basketball team because of his height, but he never gave up. (but连接的并列句) 【例文】 My Role Model Everyone has a role model. My role model is Spud Webb. When Spud Webb was young, he was small, but he had a big dream. He wanted to play in the NBA. He was refused to join the school basketball team because of his height, but he never gave up. He kept on practising playing basketball hard. His talent for basketball was fully developed through his hard work. At last, his dream came true. His story of becoming an NBA player has influenced me most. When I meet difficulties during my study, I always think of my role model Spud Webb. I can get courage from him to go ahead. I will work hard and never lose heart like him to fight for my dream. Spud Webb is always my hero! 一、单项选择 1．—Can we have a day off tomorrow? —Every day is a workday _______ the work is done. A．if B．till C．after D．when 2．—Our task is going to be finished except one small part. —　　　　 it is, you’d better hurry up. A．Whoever B．Whatever C．Whenever D．Wherever 3．_________ decision you make, I will support you. A．Whatever B．Whenever C．Wherever D．Whoever 4．In the past forty years, my hometown has made great ________ in many parts. It’s getting better and better. A．choice B．courage C．decision D．progress 5．It rained so heavily that the driver could ________ see anything on the road. A．simply B．nearly C．hardly D．certainly 6．Everyone believed he was speaking the truth ________ he explained everything. A．while B．after C．so D．although 7．—Julie has changed a lot. —Yes. I didn’t recognize (认出) her ______ she took off her dark glasses. A．after B．if C．until D．because 8．He just wants to know if she ________ him when she ________ back. A．calls; comes B．calls; will come C．will call; will come D．will call; comes 9．—When shall we play basketball in the sports center? — ________ this Saturday. A．Until the work will be finished B．Until the work is finished C．Not until the work will be finished D．Not until the work is finished 10．—Mum, when can we go to see the film? —Not until your homework ________ this afternoon. A．will be finished B．is finished C．was finished D．has finished 二、阅读理解 Zhang Yufei has made a name for herself as the new butterfly queen at the National Swimming Championships(锦标赛). During the nine days of the event, she won five gold medals and a silver one. “With the Olympic Games drawing near, I feel more and more nervous, but I’m doing everything I can to relax and to focus on my game.” Zhang says. All eyes will be on the 23-year-old girl to see if she will pick up two gold medals in Tokyo. We know her dream came true. The Bulgarian national qualification contest, of the 20th, “Chinese Bridge”, a major international Chinese professional competition for foreign university students, was held in Sofia on Sunday. The event, organized by the Chinese embassy(大使馆) in Bulgaria and the Confucius Institute in Sofia, was COVID-19, with seven students from three universities attending. The “Chinese Bridge” competition is organized every year to inspire foreign students to learn Chinese and improve their understanding of Chinese culture. Tianwen I landed on Mars(火星) on May 15, 2021 successfully. It’s China’s first probe(探测器) to land on a planet other than Earth. China named its first Mars exploration mission(任务) Tianwen I on April 24, 2021, China’s fifth Space Day. The name comes from a poem of the same name by Qu Yuan, one of the greatest poets of ancient China. In his poem, Qu Yuan asked questions about the sky, stars, nature and the world around us. He questioned traditional ideas and looked for the truth of the universe. 11．What do you know about the 20th “Chinese Bridge” competition? A．It was organized by Bulgarian people. B．It was organized to inspire foreign students to learn Chinese. C．Seven students from Sofia came to China to attend the competition’ D．“Chinese Bridge”, a major international Chinese professional competition for Chinese university students. 12．How many medals did Zhang Yufei win at the National Swimming Championships? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six, 13．What does ZhangYufei do? A．A teacher. B．A coach. C．A swimmer. D．A student, 14．How does Tianwen I get its name? A．It was named by Qu Yuan. B．It landed on Mars for the first time. C．It’s China’s first probe. D．It comes from the name of Qu Yuan’s Tianwen. 15．When did Tianwen I land on Mars? A．On May 24th. B．On May 15th. C．On: April 24th. D．On April 15th. Dear 17-year-old self, When your Lakers’ (洛杉矶湖人队) dream comes true tomorrow, you need to think out a way to invest (投资) in the future of your family and friends. This sounds simple, but you have to take some time to think it over. I said invest. I did not say give. Let me explain. Just giving material things to your siblings (兄弟姐妹) and friends may seem to be right decision. You love them, and they were always there for your giving up, so it’s only right that they should share your success and all that comes with it. Y ou buy them a car, a big house, and pay all of their bills. You want them to live a comfortable life, right? But that is not the truth. You will come to understand that you were taking care of them because it made you feel good to see them smiling. That was very selfish (自私的) of you. While you were feeling satisfied (满意的) with yourself, you were slowly eating away at their own dreams and ambitions (抱负). You were adding material things to their lives, but taking away the most precious (珍贵的) gifts of all: independence (独立) and growth. You are going to be the leader of the family. This includes making hard choices, even if your siblings and friends do not understand them at the time. Invest in their future; don’t just give. Use your success, wealth and influence to put them in the best position to realize their own dreams and find their true purposes. Put them through school, set them up with job interviews and help them become leaders on their own. I’m writing to you now so that you can begin this process quickly because your success has led to anger and jealousy (嫉妒) among your family. There’s much more I could write to you, but at 17, I know you don’t have the attention span (注意力持续时间) to sit through 2, 000 words. Trust me, setting things up right from the beginning will avoid a ton of tears and heartache. Much love, Kobe 16．What might be the best title of his letter? A．To My Younger Self B．For My Dear Family C．To My Beloved Son D．For My Older Self 17．According to Kobe in Paragraph 5, “giving” could make ________. ①him feel satisfied with himself②his siblings and friends depend (依靠) on him ③his siblings and friends live a comfortable life④him stand out from other players A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 18．According to the article, Kobe ________. A．never dreamed of playing for Lakers B．spend plenty of money buying houses for himself C．had a circle of supportive friends and siblings D．had trouble dealing with family relationship (关系) 19．According to the article, Kobe should have (本应该) ________ when he was younger. A．shared his success, wealth and influence with others B．refused to live with his siblings and friends C．looked for well-paid jobs for his siblings and friends D．encouraged his siblings and friends to achieve their goals through hard work 20．Kobe’s purpose in writing this letter was to ________. A．criticize (批评) his family for wasteful spending B．give advice to young people about how to treat their family if they become rich C．complain about feeling tired of looking after his family D．tell young people to try their beset to take good care of their family 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，使短文完整正确。 “World record broken!” On the 21 (twelve) day of August, 17-year-old Ma Jiajun from Jilin excitedly posted this on social media, with a picture of him holding the certificate (证书) from Guinness World Records. He has set a new world record for “the most consecutive jump rope triples (连续三摇跳绳)” with 701 times. The last world record was 423 and it was 22 (create) 35 years ago. You know what? A Japanese person made it. Ma was short and thin in the past. 23 (build) a stronger body, he took part in the school’s jump rope team. At 9, he competed in a 24 (nation) game and surprisingly broke a record. His coach said he was talented 25 the sport and suggested that he should fight for it. So he joined a jump rope club and trained for six years. The training was really hard. He needed to practice every day for at 26 (little) four to five hours. Every night when he 27 (lie) on his bed, his abs (腹肌) and back were in pain. After breaking the record, Ma caught lots of 28 (people) eyes. “I hope more people could enjoy jump rope, 29 it is very good for our health and full of fun,” Ma said. Now he is 30 (prepare) for next year’s gaokao. His next goal is Beijing Sport University. 四、用所给词的适当形式完成句子。 31．—Could you tell me how （succeed）in making a speech? —Sure. 32．My young brother (graduate) from this university in two years. 33．I can’t become a good sportsman because of my (high). 34．The (nation) Day of China has become a 7­-day holiday for people to travel and relax. 35．— Excuse me, when can we use the machine? — Not until it (repair) next week. 五、根据汉语提示完成句子。 36．After they read the text, the students (继续) do some exercises. 37．He passed by me without (注意) me. 38．Very few people in losing weight and keeping it off. (成功) 39．The Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team won the gold medal （凭借）hard work. 40．Young people (欣赏) Su Bingtian because of his sports spirit. 41．Please write down the names in this form carefully.（德国人） 42．The table tennis (锦标赛) held in different counties are wonderful. 43．Spud Webb led his team to (胜利) in the final. 44．We won’t realize how much health (要紧) to us until we lose it. 45．Sun Yat-sen was the (领导) of the 1911 Revolution. 六、书面表达 46．假如你们学校校报组织题为My role model的英语征文活动，请根据征文要求，写一篇短文投稿。 My role modelIn your life, there must be a role model who influences you deeply. They may be great persons like a scientist, an actor or an athlete. They may also be common people around you such as your parent, your teacher or your classmate. Please write a passage to introduce him or her and your passage should include these following points: 1. Who is your role model? Please introduce his/her general information. 2. Why is he/she your role model? Please give at least two reasons. 3. What can you learn from him/her? We are looking forward to your passages. We hope more readers can share your role models with us. role model: 榜样 要求： 1. 词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺，可适当发挥； 3. 请勿提及真实校名、姓名等信息。 My role model Role models have a great influence on our life. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第04讲 Unit 4 Growing up 一、 What's on your mind, Eddie?在想什么呢，埃迪? 【考点详解】on one’s mind 挂在心上;惦念 There must be something on his mind. 他一定有什么心事。 【拓展】与mind 相关的短语: change one's mind 改变主意 make up one's mind 下定决心 bring/call...to mind 想起... keep...in mind 将...记在心上 in one's mind在某人的脑海里,在某人心里 Whether you agree or not, I shall not change my mind. 不管你同意与否,我都不会改变主意。 Just a moment, please. I haven't made up my mind yet. 请稍等,我还没做好决定。 Keep in mind that you should save water whenever possible. 请记住，你应该尽可能节约用水。 【牛刀小试】 （1）Steven decided to clean up the city parks with other volunteers on Earth Day. A．found out B．made up his mind C．took the place D．set up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Steven决定在地球日和其他志愿者一起清理城市公园。 考查动词短语。find out找出；make up one’s mind决定；take the place取代；set up建立。decide表示“决定”，与make up one’s mind意思相同。故选B。 （2）---What’s __________your mind? ---I’m worried ________up is hard. A．in; grow B．on; growing C．on; growth D．up; grows 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你有什么烦心事？——我担心长大会很辛苦。What's in your mind 的意思是：你有什么想法/主意/打算；What's on your mind 的意思是：你有什么烦心事/伤脑筋的事/你为何心事重重的。根据I’m worried可知此处表示我有烦心事，故用on，作为宾语从句的主语，故用动名词growing，故选B。 二、What's up? 怎么了? 【考点详解】常用于口语中,用来询问对方的状况,相当于What's wrong/the matter/the trouble?"。对方若没什么事,通常会回答"Nothing. You look a little unhappy.What's up? 你看起来有点儿不开心。怎么了? What's up with your face，Susan? 苏珊,你的脸怎么了?（后接某人或某物时,要加介词with） 【牛刀小试】 （1）—I called you at 8:00 last night, but you didn’t answer. What’s up? —Oh, I ________ a live stream (直播) about AI development on my computer. A．watch B．watched C．was watching D．am watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨晚8点我给你打电话，但你没接。怎么了？——哦，我当时正在电脑上看一场关于AI发展的直播。 考查动词的时态。根据“at 8:00 last night”可知，接电话时“看直播”这一动作正在进行，需用过去进行时，其构成为was/were doing。故选C。 （2）—What’s up? She looks so sad.   —She failed the exam. Let’s ________. A．dress her up B．cheer her up C．make her up D．pick her up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——怎么了？她看起来好伤心。——她考试不及格。让我们去让她高兴起来。 考查动词短语辨析。dress up打扮；cheer up使……高兴；make up编造；pick up捡起。根据前句“She failed the exam.”可知，她考试不及格，所以她看起来很伤心，此处是指让我们去使她高兴起来，固定搭配“cheer sb. up”，所以选项B“cheer her up”符合语境。故选B。 三、Don't wake me up until you finish building it.等你建好了再叫醒我。 【考点详解】not...until...直到...才... until 在此引导时间状语从句,对应的主句谓语动词常用非延续性动词,表示主句的动作直到从句所表示的时间才开始发生。 It is said that erhu did not get its name until the late Qing Dynasty.据说二胡直到清末才得名。 【牛刀小试】 （1）You need to practise speaking every day ________ you hope to improve your spoken English. A．if B．although C．unless D．until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你想提高你的英语口语，你需要每天练习口语。 考查连词辨析。if如果；although尽管；unless除非；until直到。根据“You need to practise speaking every day”以及“you hope to improve your spoken English”可知，如果想提高英语口语，就需要每天练习口语，此处为if引导的条件状语从句。故选A。 （2）________ we always wait for another day, fruitlessly our life will pass away. A．Until B．If C．Although D．Whether 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果我们总是等待另一天，我们的生命将徒劳地逝去。 考查连词辨析。Until直到……；If如果；Although虽然；Whether是否。分析前后句句意，前句是后句动作发生的条件，故空处连词应用if，如果。故选B。 四、 Books allow me to learn about people indifferent times and places , and I can read them whenever I want to.书让我了解身处不同时代和不同地区的人，并且我想看书时随时都可以看。 【考点详解】whenever conj.无论何时;每当，每次 ① [连词]每当,每次 引导时间状语从句,相当于every time。 I can send you a message whenever I miss you.每当我想念你的时候,我都可以给你发短信。 ② [连词]无论何时引导让步状语从句,相当于 no matter when。 Help whenever and wherever you can.无论何时何地,尽你所能提供帮助。 【拓展】类似的词还有: however( = no matter how)无论如何 whoever( = no matter who)无论谁 whatever( = no matter what)无论什么 wherever( = no matter where)无论在哪里 whichever( = no matter which)无论哪个 【牛刀小试】 （1）—Brenda still hasn’t come out of the losing competition. —Yeah, whenever ________ mentions the subject to her, she just goes silent. A．none B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Brenda仍然没有从输了比赛这件事中走出来。——是的，每当任何人向她提到这个话题时，她只是沉默不语。 考查代词辨析。none没有一个人，可与of连用；anybody任何人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据“whenever…just goes silent.”可知，只要有人提起这个话题，Brenda就沉默，此处强调“任何一个人”，anybody符合语境。故选B。 （2）Zhu Ting says she will return to her motherland whenever she (need). 【答案】is needed 【详解】句意：朱婷说，无论何时祖国需要她，她都会回到祖国。根据“Zhu Ting says...(need).”和提示词可知，句中主语she和need之间构成被动关系，时态是一般现在时，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is needed。 五、 As soon as you click the mouse , there's a great deal of information.你一点击鼠标就会出现大量的信息。 【考点详解】as soon as 一...就..... 用来引导时间状语从句,强调主句动作和从句动作几乎同时发生。若主句用一般过去时从句常用一般过去时;若主句用一般将来时从句常用一般现在时表示将来。 He took out his English book as soon as he sat down.他一坐下,就拿出了他的英语书。 As soon as we arrive , we'll go on a tour of the city.我们一到,就会游览这个城市。 【拓展】as soon as possible/one can 尽快 They hope to leave as soon as they can.他们希望能尽快离开。 【牛刀小试】 （1）The song reminded me of the old days as soon as it ________. A．played B．is played C．was played D．would play 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这首歌一播放，就使我想起了过去的日子。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“reminded”可知，从句时态也用一般过去时态，it指代“The song”，它与“play”之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，且“it”是第三人称单数，所以其结构为“was + played”。故选C。 （2）Many people came to help as soon as they the news. (hear) 【答案】heard 【详解】句意：许多人一听到消息就来帮忙了。根据“came...as soon as...”可知，as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，若主句为过去时，从句通常用一般过去时表示同时或紧接着发生的动作。故空处需动词过去式。故填heard。 六、 a great deal of 大量，许多 （deal [名词]很多） 【考点详解】修饰不可数名词,相当于 a good deal of They learned a great deal of knowledge and made much progress.他们学到了很多知识并且取得了很大进步。 【拓展】 ①表示"许多,大量”的短语还有: plenty of 后接可数名词复数或不可数名词 a lot of 相当于 lots of，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词 a number of 后接可数名词复数 ②a great/good deal[副词短语]大量,许多;相当于much、a lot,在句中作状语，修饰动词及形容词或副词的比较级。 It snowed a great/good deal last December.去年12 月份降雪量很大。 He ran a great/good deal faster than Daniel.他比丹尼尔跑得快多了。 【牛刀小试】 （1）—I have ________ problems to solve these days. They nearly drive me mad. —Don’t worry. You can turn to the Internet for help. As soon as you search the website, ________ information will appear on the screen. A．a lot of; many B．lots of; a number of C．a great deal of; many D．a number of; a great deal of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这些天我有许多问题要解决。它们几乎使我发疯。——别担心。你可以求助于互联网。你一搜索网站，大量的信息就会出现在屏幕上。 考查形容词和形容词短语辨析。many许多，修饰可数名词复数；a lot of和lots of修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数；a great deal of许多，修饰不可数名词；a number of大量，修饰可数名词复数。根据“problems”可知，第一个空是可数名词复数形式，排除C选项；再由“information”可知，“information”是不可数名词，第二个空用a great deal of修饰。故选D。 （2）After ________ ten years’ hard work, the man made ________ money finally. A．/; a great deal of B．a; a large number of C．/; a large number of D．a; a good deal of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：经过十年的努力后，这个人最终赚了一大笔钱。 考查冠词短语辨析。/零冠词，即不用冠词；a一，不定冠词。a great deal of大量的，许多的，后接不可数名词；a large number of大量的，后接可数名词复数形式；a good deal of大量的，类似于a lot of，后可接可数名词复数，也可接不可数名词。根据“ten years’ hard work”可知，第一个空格处不需要用冠词，故排除选项B和D。根据“money”可知“金钱”为不可数名词，故排除选项C。故选A。 七、While attending junior high, Spud tried out for the school team, but he was refused at first because he was too small. 在上初中时，斯巴德参加了校队的选拔，但起初因为他个子太矮而被拒绝。 【考点详解】①try out for sth.意为“参加……选拔”。 Linda tried out for the school table tennis team yesterday. 琳达昨天参加了学校乒乓球队的选拔。 ②while attending junior high意为“在上初中时”。此处while用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；在……期间”。当while从句中的主语与主句中的主语一致，且含有be动词时，常省略从句的主语和be动词。 Andy fell asleep while （he was） doing his homework. 安迪在写作业的时候睡着了。 While （I was） in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Summer Palace. 我在北京的时候参观了颐和园。 【牛刀小试】 （1）He decides ________ an English speech contest. A．to try out on B．to try out for C．trying out for D．to try out in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他决定去参加英语演讲比赛的选拔。 考查固定句式和短语，decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”排除选项C； try out for意为“参加……的选拔”，try on“试穿”，try in“尝试于”。结合语境，故选B。 （2）I decided to (参加……选拔) the school basketball team. 【答案】try out for 【详解】句意：我决定参加学校篮球队的选拔。try out for“参加……选拔”，decide to do sth“决定做某事”，此空应填动词原形，故填try out for。 八、Spud went on to become leader of the team. 斯巴德接着成了球队的领导者。 【考点详解】go on意为“继续”。与之有关的短语用法区别如下： ①go on to do sth.=continue to do sth. （完成某事后）接着做另一件事 Go on to wash your clothes after doing the dishes. 洗碗后继续洗衣服。 ②go on doing sth.=continue doing sth. 继续不停地做同一件事 He went on working until he was 91. 他一直工作到91岁。 ③go on with sth （尤指停顿或中断之后）继续做同一件事 We’ll go on with the discussion tomorrow. 明天我们将继续讨论。 【牛刀小试】 （1）If you do well in the exam, you can then go on at university. (study) 【答案】to study 【详解】句意：如果你考试考得好，你就可以继续上大学了。go on to do“继续做另一件事”，为固定短语，空处要填动词study的不定式形式。故填to study。 （2）They will go on (find) out the answers to these difficult questions. 【答案】finding 【详解】句意：他们将继续寻找这些难题的答案。“find”意为“找到、发现”，动词；go on doing sth“继续做某事”，固定搭配；故填finding。 九、As a result, he succeeded in getting a scholarship. 结果，他成功获得了奖学金。 【考点详解】succeed此处用作不及物动词，意为“成功”。常见搭配有： ①succeed in sth.意为“在某方面成功”。 In 1973, Yuan Longping and his team succeeded in the development of hybrid rice. 在1973年，袁隆平和他的团队成功研发了杂交水稻。 ②succeed in doing sth.意为“成功地做某事”，相当于do sth. successfully。 My brother succeeded in making a model plane yesterday. 昨天我弟弟成功地制作了一架模型飞机。 【拓展】 success是名词，意为“成功”； successful是形容词，意为“成功的”；successfully是副词，意为“成功地”。 Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 The charity show was very successful. 那场慈善演出很成功。 We finished the work successfully. 我们成功地完成了工作任务。 【牛刀小试】 （1）The road to ________ is difficult, but if you work hard, you’re sure to _________. A．success; succeed B．successful; success C．succeed; success D．succeed; successful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：成功的道路是艰难的，但如果你努力工作，你一定会成功。 考查词汇辨析。success成功，名词；succeed成功，动词；successful成功的，形容词。根据“The road to ... is difficult”可知，空处是作主语，应用名词，the road to success“成功之路”；再根据be sure to do sth.“务必做某事”可知，第二空要用动词原形。故选A。 （2）I believe they’ll succeed in (work) out the problem. 【答案】working 【详解】句意：我相信他们会成功地解决这个问题。succeed in doing sth.“成功地做某事”，是固定词组。故填working。 十、He remained there for about a year before the NBA took notice of him. 在NBA注意到他之前，他在那儿待了大约一年。 【考点详解】①remain 此处用作不及物动词，意为“逗留，停留”，常与表示地点的副词或介词短语连用。 I will remain here for another two days. 我会再在这儿待两天。 【拓展】remain还可以用作连系动词，意为“仍然是；保持不变”，强调保持某种状态，后接名词、形容词等作表语。 We must always remain kind and honest. 我们必须始终保持善良和诚实。 ②take notice of意为“注意到；察觉；理会”，相当于动词notice。take no notice of意为“不注意；不理会”。 I hope you’ll take note of what I’m going to tell you. 我希望你留心听我将要告诉你的事情。 Sandy passed by me, but she took no notice of me. 桑迪从我旁边走过，但她没有注意到我。 【牛刀小试】 （1）It was raining outside, but the boy remained _______ football. A．to be played B．plays C．playing D．play 【答案】C 【详解】句意：外面下着雨，但男孩仍在踢足球。 考查非谓语动词。根据“It was raining outside, but the boy remained...football.”可知，外面正在下雨，强调动作仍在进行，remain doing sth“仍然在做某事”，故选C。 （2）Please remain ______ until the plane has come to a complete stop. A．to seat B．seats C．seating D．seated 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在飞机完全停下来之前，请不要离开座位。 考查动词形式辨析。remain留下/保持，相当于stay，后接名词、形容词、分词和不定式作表语；seats是动词三单形式，可排除。根据题干“Please remain…until the plane has come to a complete stop”可知，接不定式作表语，表示将来的动作，remain to seat不合语境；接现在分词作表语，表示正在进行的主动动作，remain seating不合语境；接过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态，remain seated表示“留在座位上”的状态，符合语境。故选D。 十一、Through hard work, Spud Webb proved that size and body type do not matter-you can do almost anything if you never give up. 通过努力，斯巴德·韦伯证明了高矮胖瘦不重要——只要你永不放弃，你几乎可以做任何事情。 【考点详解】①prove是动词，意为“证明；证实”。其后接名词、代词或由that引导的宾语从句。 He proved his courage in that battle. 他在那次战斗中证明了自己的勇气。 The doctor’s tests proved that my father was in good health. 医生的检查证明了我父亲身体健康。 ②matter此处用作动词，意为“要紧，有重大影响”。“It doesn’t matter.”意为“不要紧/没关系”，常用来回答别人的道歉。 What matters most is love, not the festival itself. 最要紧的是爱，而不是节日本身。 —I’m sorry I’m late again. 不好意思，我又迟到了。 —It doesn’t matter. 没关系。 【牛刀小试】 （1）John is planning to take part in the coming speech contest to prove . (he) 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：约翰计划参加即将到来的演讲比赛来证明自己。根据“John is planning to take part in the coming speech contest to prove”可知，约翰参加即将到来的演讲比赛是为了证明自己，此处应该用反身代词himself“他自己”。故填himself。 （2）—I’m really sorry. But I didn’t mean to do that. I just wanted to invite you to sing with me. —________. A．I’m sorry too B．You’re welcome C．It doesn’t matter D．Good idea 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我真的很抱歉。但我不是故意的。我只是想邀请你和我一起唱歌。——没关系。 考查情景交际。I’m sorry too我也很抱歉；You’re welcome 不客气；It doesn’t matter没关系；Good idea好主意。根据“I’m really sorry. ”可知是对道歉的回答，故选C。 十二、However, no university would invite him to play basketball simply because he was only 170cm tall. 【考点详解】simply此处作副词，意为“只是，仅仅” It’s not simply a matter of money. 这不仅仅是钱的问题。 【拓展】 ①simply作副词，还可意为“简朴地，朴素地” My grandmother lived very simply. 我祖母生活得非常简朴。 ②simple为形容词，意为“简单的，简易的”。同义词是easy，反义词为hard/difficult I can write some simple French articles. 我能写一些简单的法语文章。 【牛刀小试】 （1）He stated the fact without adding any personal opinions.(simple) 【答案】simply 【详解】句意：他只是简单地陈述了事实，没有添加任何个人意见。句子中需修饰动词“stated”，因此需用副词形式“simply”，意为“简单地，仅仅”。故填simply。 （2）She didn’t get angry. She (simple) smiled and walked away. 【答案】simply 【详解】句意：她没有生气，仅仅笑了笑就走开了。根据“ smiled and walked away”可知，此处需要用副词修饰动词smiled。simple的副词形式为simply，表示仅仅。故填simply。 十三、 After he graduated, he was forced to play in another basketball league. 【考点详解】force此处用作及物动词，意为“强迫，迫使” 常用短语：force sb. to do sth.意为“强迫某人做某事”； 被动结构 为sb. be forced to do sth.意为“某人被强迫做某事”。 She forced herself to be polite to them even though she didn’t have to. 她对他们强装客气，即使她用不着这样。 【牛刀小试】 （1）— My son falls ill again. What should I do? — You’d better ________ him ________ more exercise every day. A．to force; take B．force; take C．force; to take D．to force; to take 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 我儿子又生病了。我该怎么办?  ——你最好强制他每天多做运动。 考查动词用法。第一空，“’d better”是“had better”的缩写，意为“最好做某事”，后面接动词原形；第二空，force后加不定式作宾语补足，意为“强迫/强制某人做某事”。故选C。 （2）I forced (me) to study hard and put most of my time and energy into studying English. 【答案】myself 【详解】句意：我强迫自己努力学习，并把大部分时间和精力都投入到英语学习中。根据“I forced...(me) to study hard”可知，是指强迫自己努力学习，应用反身代词。故填myself。 十四、 In 1985, he joined the Atlanta Hawks and became the shortest player in the NBA at that time. 【辨析】join, join in, take part in join 指加入某个党派、团体、组织等，也可用于加入到某人当中 He joined the handwriting club two days ago. 两天前，他加入了书法社团。 join in 指参加小规模的活动，如唱歌、游戏等 We all joined in the singing. 我们一起唱起了歌。 take part in 指参加某项活动，并在活动中起一定作用 They took part in the basketball game last Friday.  上周五他们参加了篮球比赛。 【牛刀小试】 （1）—________ you ________ a school club recently?   —Yes, I have. A．Did, join B．Have, joined C．Did, take part in D．Have, taken part in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你最近加入学校俱乐部了吗？——是的，我加入了。 考查时态和动词辨析。根据“Yes, I have”可知此处用现在完成时，排除A、C；join加入（俱乐部）；take part in参加（活动）。根据“a school club”可知是加入俱乐部，用join。故选B。 （2）—We are going to ________ the high jump. Would you like to ________ us? —I’d like to, but I’m afraid I have no time. A．join; join B．take part in; join C．join; take part in D．join; join in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们要参加跳高比赛。你想加入我们吗？——我很想去，但恐怕我没有时间。 考查动词及动词短语。join加入，指加入某组织、党派或社会团体，成为其中一员，或加入某个人群中；join in参加，指参加某种活动，多指小规模的球赛、游戏等；take part in参加，指参加某个活动，有时与join in可替换。第一空后是活动，所以是take part in；第二空表示加入某人群，所以是join。故选B。 十五、Before and after can also be used as prepositions of time. 【考点详解】be used as意为“被用作”。 The big table can be used as a bed.那张大桌子被当作一张床。 English is used as a very useful working language.英语被用作一种有用的工作语言。 【拓展】常见的used短语 1. be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 2. be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事 3. be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 【牛刀小试】 （1）As a mountain climber, Aron is used to ________ risks. A．take B．takes C．to take D．taking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。 考查动词短语的用法。take是动词原形；takes是动词第三人称单数形式；to take是不定式；taking是动名词。“be used to”表示“习惯于某事”，其中“to”是介词，后接名词或动名词。故选D。 （2）Three fifths of the land in our country ________ used for farming. A．is B．are C．been D．be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我国五分之三的土地用于农业。 考查主谓一致和动词的语态。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语动词；根据“Three fifths of the land in our country”可知，句子的主语是“Three fifths of the land”，表示“五分之三的土地”，land是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应该用单数形式，且句子描述的是客观事实，所以应该用一般现在时，因此应该用is。故选A。 十六、The best moment is his career was in 2004—he scored 41 points in a game against the Atlanta Hawks. 【考点详解】against此处是介词，意为“对抗、与……相反”，be against“反对”，反义词为be for“支持”。 Our school plays against their school at basketball.我们学校要和他们学校进行足球比赛。 We are all against his idea.我们都反对他的想法。 【拓展】against还可以意为“靠着、迎着”。 He stood with his back against the door.她背靠门站着。 He hit his head against the window.他的头撞在窗户上了。 【牛刀小试】 （1）I’m strongly against (eat) junk food because it is unhealthy. 【答案】eating 【详解】句意：我强烈反对吃垃圾食品，因为它不健康。介词against后跟eat的动名词eating作宾语。故填eating。 （2）Don’t always compare our store ________ a supermarket. It’s quite difficult to compete ________ it. A．with; for B．against; to C．with; against D．for; to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要总是把我们的商店和超市相比较。和它竞争是相当困难的。 考查介词辨析。with和……一起；for给，对；against和……对抗；to朝。第一空，根据“compare our store … a supermarket”可知，此处是指把商店和超市比较，考查compare ... with ...“把……和……相比较”，动词短语，应用with，排除B和D；第二空，根据“compete … it”可知，此处是指与它竞争，考查compete against...“与……竞争”，动词短语，应用against，排除A。故选C。 十七、World War Ⅱ broke out in Europe in 1939 and ended in 1945.第二次世界大战于1939 年在欧洲爆发,于1945 年结束。 【考点详解】break out 爆发 ；多指战争、火灾、打斗等不愉快事件突然发生；不能用于被动语态。 Fire broke out during the night.夜间突然发生了火灾。 People have been used to wearing masks since the epidemic broke out. 自从疫情暴发以来，人们已经习惯了戴口罩。 【拓展】 含 break 的其他常见短语: break up 粉碎;结束;解散 break down 坏掉,出故障;使分解 break into 强行闯;撬开(汽车等) break of 中断,停顿;折断 break in 打断他人说话 【牛刀小试】 （1）Wars are disasters. A large number of people will lose their homes if a war _______. A．breaks out B．is broken out C．breaks up D．is broken up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：战争是灾难，如果一场战争爆发，许多人将会失去他们的家园。根据break out爆发，break up打碎，结束；故排除C/D；根据war和break out是主动关系；故选A。 （2）If he keeps on working so hard, he’ll ____ under the pressure of work. A．break down B．break up C．break out D．break into 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果他继续努力工作，他会在工作的压力下垮台。考查动词短语辨析题。break down意为“出故障，(健康状况)变得恶劣”；break up意为“破碎，分裂”；break out意为“爆发，发生”；break into意为“强行闯入”。根据句意语境，可知break down合乎句意，故选A。 十八、 Life changed for everybody , including women and children because of the war.因为这场战争,每个人的生活都发生了改变，包括妇女和儿童。 including prep.包括...在内；作介词,其后常接名词或代词 Many tourists including foreigners like to buy Chinese knots as gifts during their trips. 包括外国人在内的许多游客喜欢在旅行中购买中国结作为礼物。 include v.包括;包含 Our plan includes most of your suggestions.我们的计划里包含了你们的大部分建议。 【牛刀小试】 （1）The young man enjoy many types of music, (include) classical, pop, and rock. 【答案】including 【详解】句意：这个年轻人喜欢多种类型的音乐，包括古典、流行和摇滚。分析句子结构和所给单词可知，应填动词include的介词形式including“包括”，表示多种类型的音乐中包括古典、流行和摇滚。故填including。 （2）The Chinese Spring Festival ________ on the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity since 2024. A．includes B．is included C．has included D．has been included 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自2024年起，中国春节已被列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。 考查现在完成时的被动语态。分析句子可知，主语“The Chinese Spring Festival”和动词include是被动关系，结合时间状语“since 2024”可知，此句用现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have/has been done。故选D。 十九、 It was a record of that time , and it has also become a symbol of the victory of the human spirit.它记录了那个时代,也成为人类精神胜利的一个象征。 record n.记录 [可数名词]keep a record of...记下... You should keep a record of your expenses.你应该记下你的开支。 【拓展】[名词](尤指体育运动中的)纪录 hold/keep a record 保持纪录 world record 世界纪录 set a record 创造纪录 break a record 打破纪录 【牛刀小试】 （1）Using snakes as medicine has a long history in China and it (record) in detail in many Chinese medicine books. 【答案】is recorded 【详解】句意：在中国，用蛇入药有着悠久的历史，并且在许多中医药书籍中都有详细记载。分析句子结构可知，“it”指代“Using snakes as medicine”这一行为，与“record”之间是被动关系，即“被记载”。句子讲述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。一般现在时的被动语态结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语“it”是第三人称单数，所以be动词用is，record的过去分词是recorded。故填is recorded。 （2）In 2024, several earthquakes ________ in Feidong County, Hefei, Anhui Province, but luckily, no one was seriously injured. A．were recorded B．recorded C．are recorded D．have recorded 【答案】A 【详解】句意：2024年，安徽省合肥市肥东县发生了多次地震，但幸运的是，没有人员严重受伤。 考查动词的时态和语态。主语“earthquakes”与“record”之间是被动关系，地震应该是被记录，且根据“in 2024”可知，动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done，主语为复数，be动词用were。故选A。 二十、 Anne and her elder sister died of illness 安和她的姐姐死于疾病。 die of/from 死于 【辨析】die of 与 die from die of 强调死于内因,主要指饥饿、年老等原因。 die from强调死于外因,主要指地震、交通等原因。 **指死于疾病时两者可互换 She died of/from a heart attack.她因心脏病发作而死。 He died from a traffic accident.他死于一场交通事故。 【拓展】 die out 灭绝;消失 die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐平息 【牛刀小试】 （1）Millions of people ________ cancer from all over the world every year and more and more people _______ car accidents because of the heavy traffic. A．die from; die upon B．die out; die from C．die of; die from D．die upon; die of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每年全世界数百万的人死于癌症，越来越多的人因为交通拥堵死于交通事故。 考查动词短语辨析。die from死于（某种外因，也可用于疾病、过度悲伤等）；die out灭绝，逐渐消亡；die of死于（疾病、过度悲伤，也可用于外因等）； die upon死在。根据题干中“cancer”癌症可知是疾病，应用die of；题干中的“car accidents”意为车祸，属于某种外在原因，故用die from。故选C。 （2）—Every year, many African children ________ serious illnesses. —What bad news! I think we should do something to help them. A．die in B．die by C．die of D．die for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——每年有很多非洲的孩子死于严重的疾病。——多么糟糕的消息！我认为我们应做些事情来帮助他们。 考查动词短语。die in在……中死去；die by以（某种方式或手段）死亡；die of死于（疾病、情感等）；die for为……而死。根据“serious illness”可知，死于疾病用die of。故选C。 二十一、 her father had her diary published 她的父亲将她的日记出版。 have sth. done 让/使某事被做；表示"让(他人)为你做(某事)"或"蒙受(他人所为的后果)",相当于 get/make sth.done。过去分词表示被动,与 sth.构成动宾关系。 I had my hair cut yesterday.昨天我理发了。 She had her bag stolen.她的包被偷了。 【拓展】 ①have sth.to do 有某事要做其中 do 与 sth.存在动宾关系。 I have an important task to finish.我有一项要的任务要完成。 ②have sb.do sth.让某人做某事；相当于get sb. to do sth.。 I had Mary clean my bedroom yesterday. 昨天我让玛丽打扫了我的卧室。 【牛刀小试】 （1）—How will you deal with our old fridge, dear? —Well, I am considering having it ________ and then we don’t need to buy a new one. A．repair B．repaired C．to repair 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——亲爱的，你打算怎么处理我们的旧冰箱？——嗯，我在考虑把它修好，这样我们就不需要买新的了。 考查非谓语动词。根据“having it...”可知，此处考查固定用法have sth done表示“让某事被做”，此处应填过去分词repaired，表示“让冰箱被修理”。故选B。 （2）—I have trouble ________ English, Miss Li. —Why not ________ to the English Corner and try to talk with others? A．reading, to go B．to read, go C．reading, go D．to read, to go 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——李老师，我读英语有困难。 ——为什么不去英语角试着和其他人交流呢？ 考查非谓语动词。have trouble (in) doing sth.意思是“做某事有困难”，其中in可以省略；Why not do sth.是固定句型，意思是“为什么不做某事呢”。故选C。 二十二、I admire these children for their courage.我钦佩这些孩子的勇气。 ①admire v.钦佩，羡慕 admire sb./sth.钦佩某人/某事 admire sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而钦佩某人 Many teenagers admire the scientists like Yuan Longping.许多青少年钦佩像袁隆平那样的利学家。 I admire you for your success in business.我美慕你事业有成。 ②courage n.勇气 ；[不可数名词]常用结构: have/lose the courage to do sth.有/失去勇气做某事 have no courage to do sth.没有勇气做某事 take courage鼓起勇气 Gradually I have the courage to speak out about anything.我逐渐有了表达自己意见的勇气。 Take courage,and I will accompany you! 鼓起勇气来,我会陪着你! 【牛刀小试】 （1）Many young people these volleyball heroes and want to become like them. (钦佩，仰慕) 【答案】admire 【详解】句意：许多年轻人钦佩这些排球英雄，并希望成为像他们一样的人。根据句子结构和汉语提示可知，空处需要填入意为“钦佩，仰慕”的动词作句子的谓语，admire“钦佩，仰慕”，符合语境；根据“want to”可知，本句用一般现在时，句子主语“Many young people”是复数，动词用原形。故填admire。 （2）People love them for their c (勇气) and hard work. 【答案】(c)ourage 【详解】句意：人们因为他们的勇气和努力工作而喜爱他们。根据“People love them for their...and hard work.”和首字母“c”以及汉语提示可知，此处需要一个名词，“their”是形容词性物主代词，后面接名词。“courage”是不可数名词，意为“勇气”，在句中与“hard work” 并列，共同作介词“for” 的宾语。故填(c)ourage。 二十三、 To my surprise , he has decided to donate his body for medical research after his death.今我惊讶的是,他已决定去世后捐献遗体供医学研究。 1) surprise n.惊奇，诧异 常用短语有: to one's surprise 令某人惊奇的是；in surprise 惊讶地 To my surprise,he stood up immediately.令我吃惊的是,他马上站了起来。 She looked up in surprise.她惊讶地抬起头 【拓展】 ①surprise[及物动词]使惊奇;使感到意外 His strange question surprised her.他那奇怪的问题令她感到意外。 ②surprised 形容词 感到惊讶的通常形容人，指某讶的人对某事感到惊讶 surprising 形容词 令人惊奇的 通常修饰事/物，指某人/某物令人惊奇 2) research n.研究;调查 [不可数名词] do research on sth.进行关于某事的研究 They did lots of research there.他们在那里做了很多研究。 【拓展】[动词]研究;调查;探讨 He's been researching material for a documentary.他一直在研究材料，准备做一个纪录片。 3) death n.死，死亡 the death of...的死下 People across the country were sad to hear about his death.听闻他的去世,全国人民都很悲痛。 【拓展】与 death 相关的词: death n. 死亡 dying adj; 垂死的 dead adj; 死的 强调状态，常与时间段连用 die v.死亡 非延续性动词，不与时间段连用 deadly adj.致命的:极度的 At least six people died in the accident.事故中至少有六人死亡。 She's seriously ill and I'm afraid she is dying.她病得很重,恐怕命不久矣。 We didn't know if she was dead or alive.我们不知道她是死是活。 The couple turned deadly pale.这对夫妇脸色惨白。 【牛刀小试】 （1）People in Yunnan got a big (surprised) when they found some elephants in the neighborhood. 【答案】surprise 【详解】句意：当云南人在附近发现了几头大象的时候，他们大吃一惊。分析原句可知，应填名词作宾语，surprised的名词为“surprise”，意为“令人惊讶的事”，可数名词，空前有a，用单数。故填surprise。 （2）To everyone’s , the little bird flew out of the cage. (surprise) 【答案】surprise 【详解】句意：令大家惊讶的是，小鸟飞出了笼子。to one’s surprise意为“令某人惊讶的是”。故填surprise。 1. 引导时间状语从句的连词 从属连词 用法 例句 While ＂与……同时，在……期间＂，从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的词 Don’t talk loud while（as）others are working. 别人工作时，请勿大声说话。 When ＂当……时＂，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生，从句的动词可用延续性动词，也可用非延续性动词 It was raining when we arrived. 我们到达时，天正下着雨。 when you read the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you. 当你再读一遍这首诗，你就会更清楚它的含义。 As ＂正当，一边……一边，随着＂，表示两个动作同时发生或某事发生时，另一个动作发生了 As time went on, his theory proved to be correct. 随着时间的推移，他的理论被证明是正确的。 Till/Until 用于肯定句时，表示＂直到……为止＂，主句必须为延续性动词；not...until/till表示＂直到……才＂，主句常用短暂性动词 We shall wait until/till he comes back. 我们将一直等到他回来。 I didn’t leave until/till she finished her homework. 直到她完成作业我才离开。 Since ＂自……以来＂，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时 I have heard lot of good things about you since I come back from abroad. 自从我从国外回来，我已经听许多好的事情。 Before 在……以前 He must finish all the work before he goes home. 回家之前他必须完成所有的工作。 After 在……之后 Let’s play football after school. 放学后我们打篮球吧。 2. when，while，as引导时间状语从句的区别 when，while，as显然都可以引导时间状语从句，但用法区别非常大。 ① when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。 ② when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 a. 从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。 When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. （finished先发生） 当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。 b. 从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。 ①When / While / As we were dancing, a stranger came in. （dance为延续性动词） 当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 ②When / While / As she was making a phonecall, I was writing a letter. （make为延续性动词） 当她在打电话时，我正在写信。 c. 当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示＂随着……＂ ＂一边……，一边……＂之意。 As the time went on, the weather got worse. 随着时间的过去，天气变得更糟糕了。 d. 在将来时的从句中，常用when，且从句要用一般时代替将来时。 You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it. 在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。 ③ when用于表示＂一……就……＂的句型中（指过去的事情）。 sb. had hardly（＝scarcely）done sth. when. . . ＝Hardly / Scarcely had sb. done sth. when... I had hardly / scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door. ＝Hardly / Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door. 我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。 I had hardly / scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang. ＝Hardly / Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang. 我刚一走进房门，电话就响了。 3. 比较until和till 此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是＂做某事直至某时＂，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是＂直至某时才做某事＂。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。 肯定句：I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。 Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。 （在肯定句中可用before代替。例如：Let’s get in the wheat before the sun sets.） 否定句：She didn’t arrive until 6 o’clock. 她直到6点才到。 Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。 I didn’t manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后，我才会做。 区别： （1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。 Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。 （2）until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。 —Until when are you staying? —Until next Monday. 注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。 （3）Not until...在句首，主句用倒装。 Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. 直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。 Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了许多岁月。 （4）It is not until... that... It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted. （5）表示＂一……就……＂的结构 hardly/scarcely... when/before, no sooner... than 和as soon as都可以表示＂一……就……＂的意思。 I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. 刚回家，就下起雨来了。 I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. As soon as I got home, it began to rain. 注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。 Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 【牛刀小试】 一、单项选择 1．________ it rains tomorrow, we will have the party indoors. A．If B．When C．Because D．While 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果明天下雨，我们将在室内举行聚会。 考查连词辨析。If如果；When当……时；Because因为；While然而。根据“it rains tomorrow, we will have the party indoors.”可知，此处应用if引导条件状语从句，表示如果下雨，就在室内举行聚会。故选A。 2．My grandpa often tells me we must work hard to get more knowledge ________ we are young. A．after B．while C．before D．until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我爷爷经常告诉我，我们必须趁着年轻努力学习，以获得更多的知识。 考查连词辨析。after在……之后；while当……时；before在……之前；until直到……为止。根据“My grandpa often tells me we must work hard to get more knowledge...we are young.”可知，此处应用while引导时间状语从句，表示“趁着正年轻，我们必须努力学习获得更多知识”。故选B。 3．—Can I go to the concert with you tomorrow, Mum? —I’m afraid not unless all your homework ________. A．will be done B．is done C．has done D．does 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，明天我能和你一起去音乐会吗？——恐怕不行，除非你所有的作业都完成。 考查动词时态和语态。unless引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时；而主语your homework和动词do是被动关系，应用被动语态，一般现在时的被动语态结构为am/is/are done。故选B。 4．I can hardly understand this passage ______ there aren’t any new words in it. A．unless B．because C．though D．until 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我几乎不理解这篇文章，尽管里面没有新的单词。 考查连词。unless除非；because因为；though尽管；until直到。根据句意和空格后面的“there aren’t any new words in it”可知，此处用though引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然里面没有生词”。故选C。 5．— Mum, when can I watch my favourite TV programme? —________. A．Not until the homework is finished B．Until the homework is finished C．Before the homework is finished D．Since the homework was finished 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我什么时候能看我最喜欢的电视节目？——直到作业完成才能看。 考查时间状语从句。Not until the homework is finished直到作业完成才能看；Until the homework is finished直到作业完成；Before the homework is finished在作业完成之前；Since the homework was finished自从作业完成。根据“Mum, when can I watch my favourite TV programme?”可知，此处应该表示直到作业完成才能看。not...until...“直到……才……”，符合语境。故选A。 二、单词拼写 6．—Mom, could I play video games for a while? —Unless your homework (complete). 【答案】is completed 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以玩一会电子游戏吗？——除非你的作业完成了。本句是unless引导的条件状语从句，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主语“homework”和动词“complete”是动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is completed。 7．A student won’t improve his grades unless he (develop) good study habits. 【答案】develops 【详解】句意：一个学生除非养成良好的学习习惯，否则他的成绩不会提高。根据“A student won’t improve his grades unless he…”可知，句子为unless引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则；主句为一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时，主语为“he”，谓语动词应用三单形式develops。故填develops。 8．—Hello! May I speak to Miss Lin? —Sorry. She isn’t in. I’ll ask her to call you back as soon as she (return) home. 【答案】returns 【详解】句意：——您好！我可以和林小姐通话吗?——对不起，她不在。她一回家，我就让她给您回电话。“as soon as”表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则。根据从句中主语“she”可知，主语为第三人称单数，从句时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用三单形式。故填returns。 9．When someone (cough), a virus can easily travel through the air. 【答案】coughs 【详解】句意：当有人咳嗽时，病毒就可以很容易地通过空气传播。此句为When引导的时间状语从句，主句含有情态动词，时态遵循“主情从现”。空格处位于从句，时态为一般现在时，且空格处位于单数主语someone后作谓语，谓语动词要用三单形式。cough“咳嗽”，动词，三单形式为coughs。故填coughs。 10．—When can I get my car back? —Not until it (repair) next Monday. 【答案】is repaired 【详解】句意：——我什么时候能取回我的车？ ——要到下周一它被修好才能取回。根据空前的“until”可知，本句是until引导的时间状语从句，其中从句主语it指代car，car（车）是被修理的对象，所以要用被动语态，即be + 过去分词的形式。根据主将从现的原则，主句是一般将来时的否定形式（这里是用Not until来体现将来的动作关系），从句要用一般现在时表将来，it是第三人称单数，be动词用is，repair的过去分词是repaired，所以填is repaired。故填is repaired。 【话题分析】 本单元的主题是“Growing up”, 属于“人与自我”范畴下的“生活与学习，做人与做事”主题群。本单元的话题是“成长”，通过介绍一些人物的不平凡经历，鼓励学生们追求梦想、实现梦想。同时，学生们也学会了描述对自己影响最大的人，或描述对自己人生有重大影响的事件，进一步提高英语写作能力。写作内容呈现了一篇介绍对自己影响最大的人的文章。引导学生仿照示例，写一篇介绍对自己影响最大的人的语篇。 通过本课时的学习，学生能够： 1. 通过学习，掌握关于学生问题方面书信的写法。 2. 能够通过阅读，获取作者父亲的基本信息、性格和事例以及作者的观点的信息。 3. 能够运用本单元所学相关词汇和句型写一篇描写影响自己最深的人的作文。 4. 通过讨论分析范文，获取并梳理人物描写的文章结构。 【写作框架设计】 步骤一：开篇直接点题。谁是影响自己最深的人。 步骤二：外貌，性格，事例描写。 步骤三：如何影响自己，你学到什么，表达观点。 【短语积累】 1.to one’s surprise 让人惊讶的是 2.someone in need 一个需要帮助的人 3. a heart full of love一颗充满爱的心 4. be born in出生于 5. learn from sb.向某人学习 6. give up放弃 7.kept on doing sth继续做某事 8. make great contributions to 为……作出巨大贡献 9.not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… 10.try one’s best 尽某人最大的努力 11.lose heart失去信心 12.with one’s own efforts 靠自己的努力 13.be known as 被称为 14.made great progress取得很大的进步 15.be ready to do乐意做某事 【实战演练】 在初三的英语学习中，我们认识了很多名人，例如：Spud Webb，Tan Dun，Audrey Hepburn，Jackie Chan，Neil Armstrong，Marie Curie，Yuan Longping等，他们都是我们学习的榜样。生活中也有许多优秀的家长、老师、同学等值得我们学习。某英文网站正在开展以“My Role Model (我的榜样)”为话题的征文活动，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，内容涵盖以下要点： 1. Who is your role model? 2. What meaningful things he/she did influence you most? 3. What can you learn from him/her? 注意： 1. 词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺，可适当发挥； 3. 请勿提及真实校名、姓名等信息。 My Role Model Everyone has a role model. My role model is ______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”； ③提示：根据提示内容介绍自己的榜样，要求要点齐全，语句连贯，可适当发挥。 [写作步骤] 第一步，直接点题，点明谁是自己的榜样； 第二步，介绍榜样做的哪些有意义的事情对自己影响最大； 第三步，表达自己从榜样身上学到了什么。 [高分句型] ①When Spud Webb was young, he was small, but he had a big dream. (when引导的时间状语从句) ②He was refused to join the school basketball team because of his height, but he never gave up. (but连接的并列句) 【例文】 My Role Model Everyone has a role model. My role model is Spud Webb. When Spud Webb was young, he was small, but he had a big dream. He wanted to play in the NBA. He was refused to join the school basketball team because of his height, but he never gave up. He kept on practising playing basketball hard. His talent for basketball was fully developed through his hard work. At last, his dream came true. His story of becoming an NBA player has influenced me most. When I meet difficulties during my study, I always think of my role model Spud Webb. I can get courage from him to go ahead. I will work hard and never lose heart like him to fight for my dream. Spud Webb is always my hero! 一、单项选择 1．—Can we have a day off tomorrow? —Every day is a workday _______ the work is done. A．if B．till C．after D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——明天我们能休息一天吗？——在工作完成之前，每天都是工作日。 考查连词辨析。if如果；till直到；after在……之后；when当……时候。根据“Every day is a workday...the work is done.”可知每天都是工作日，直到你把工作完成，应用till引导时间状语从句，故选B。 2．—Our task is going to be finished except one small part. —　　　　 it is, you’d better hurry up. A．Whoever B．Whatever C．Whenever D．Wherever 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——除了一小部分外，我们的任务就要完成了。——不管是什么，你最好快点。 考查疑问词辨析。Whoever无论是谁；Whatever无论什么；Whenever无论什么时候；Wherever无论在哪。根据“Our task is going to be finished except one small part.”“it is”可知，无论它是什么，应用whatever。故选B。 3．_________ decision you make, I will support you. A．Whatever B．Whenever C．Wherever D．Whoever 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不管你做什么决定，我都会支持你。 考查连词辨析。whatever无论什么；whenever无论何时；wherever无论哪里；whoever无论谁。根据“decision you make...”可知是无论做什么决定，用whatever引导让步状语从句。故选A。 4．In the past forty years, my hometown has made great ________ in many parts. It’s getting better and better. A．choice B．courage C．decision D．progress 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在过去的四十年里，我的家乡在许多方面取得了巨大的进步。它变得越来越好了。 考查名词辨析。choice选择；courage勇气；decision决定；progress进步。根据“It’s getting better and better.”可知，家乡变得越来越好了，所以应该是在许多方面取得了进步。故选D。 5．It rained so heavily that the driver could ________ see anything on the road. A．simply B．nearly C．hardly D．certainly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：雨下得很大，司机在路上几乎什么也看不见。 考查副词辨析。simply仅仅，只；nearly几乎；hardly几乎不；certainly当然。根据“It rained so heavily that the driver could...see anything on the road.”可知，雨大到司机几乎看不到路上的任何东西，hardly符合题意。故选C。 6．Everyone believed he was speaking the truth ________ he explained everything. A．while B．after C．so D．although 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他解释了一切之后，大家都相信他说的是实话。 考查连词辨析。while当……时候；after在……之后；so因此；although尽管。根据“Everyone believed he was speaking the truth”可知解释过之后才相信他说的是实话，用after引导时间状语从句。故选B。 7．—Julie has changed a lot. —Yes. I didn’t recognize (认出) her ______ she took off her dark glasses. A．after B．if C．until D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——朱莉变了很多。——是的。直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她。 考查连词辨析。after在……以后；if如果；until直到；because因为。根据“ I didn’t recognize (认出) her ...she took off her dark glasses.”可知，此处是not...until...“直到……才……”的用法，until引导时间状语从句。故选C。 8．He just wants to know if she ________ him when she ________ back. A．calls; comes B．calls; will come C．will call; will come D．will call; comes 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他只是想知道她回来时是否会打电话给他。 考查时态。第一处是if引导的宾语从句，时态是一般将来时，所以用will call；第二处是when引导的时间状语从句，需用一般现在时。故选D。 9．—When shall we play basketball in the sports center? — ________ this Saturday. A．Until the work will be finished B．Until the work is finished C．Not until the work will be finished D．Not until the work is finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们什么时候去体育中心打篮球？——这周六工作完成后才能去。 考查连词辨析及语态。问句是一般将来时态，回答时主句也应该用一般将来时，只不过省略了。当主句是一般将来时态时，(not) until引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。排除A、C选项。until意思是“到……为止”，主句表示的动作已经结束；not until意思是“直到……才”，主句表示的动作才刚刚开始。结合句意可知，这周六完成工作后才能去，故选D。 10．—Mum, when can we go to see the film? —Not until your homework ________ this afternoon. A．will be finished B．is finished C．was finished D．has finished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我们什么时候可以看电影？——直到你下午完成作业。 考查动词的时态和语态。until引导的是时间状语从句，从句部分通常用一般现在时表示将来，而且主语“your homework”与“finish”是被动关系，因此用被动语态“be done”，主语是不可数名词，因此be动词用is。故选B。 二、阅读理解 Zhang Yufei has made a name for herself as the new butterfly queen at the National Swimming Championships(锦标赛). During the nine days of the event, she won five gold medals and a silver one. “With the Olympic Games drawing near, I feel more and more nervous, but I’m doing everything I can to relax and to focus on my game.” Zhang says. All eyes will be on the 23-year-old girl to see if she will pick up two gold medals in Tokyo. We know her dream came true. The Bulgarian national qualification contest, of the 20th, “Chinese Bridge”, a major international Chinese professional competition for foreign university students, was held in Sofia on Sunday. The event, organized by the Chinese embassy(大使馆) in Bulgaria and the Confucius Institute in Sofia, was COVID-19, with seven students from three universities attending. The “Chinese Bridge” competition is organized every year to inspire foreign students to learn Chinese and improve their understanding of Chinese culture. Tianwen I landed on Mars(火星) on May 15, 2021 successfully. It’s China’s first probe(探测器) to land on a planet other than Earth. China named its first Mars exploration mission(任务) Tianwen I on April 24, 2021, China’s fifth Space Day. The name comes from a poem of the same name by Qu Yuan, one of the greatest poets of ancient China. In his poem, Qu Yuan asked questions about the sky, stars, nature and the world around us. He questioned traditional ideas and looked for the truth of the universe. 11．What do you know about the 20th “Chinese Bridge” competition? A．It was organized by Bulgarian people. B．It was organized to inspire foreign students to learn Chinese. C．Seven students from Sofia came to China to attend the competition’ D．“Chinese Bridge”, a major international Chinese professional competition for Chinese university students. 12．How many medals did Zhang Yufei win at the National Swimming Championships? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six, 13．What does ZhangYufei do? A．A teacher. B．A coach. C．A swimmer. D．A student, 14．How does Tianwen I get its name? A．It was named by Qu Yuan. B．It landed on Mars for the first time. C．It’s China’s first probe. D．It comes from the name of Qu Yuan’s Tianwen. 15．When did Tianwen I land on Mars? A．On May 24th. B．On May 15th. C．On: April 24th. D．On April 15th. 【答案】11．B 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．B 【详解】本文主要是介绍了三则新闻：张雨菲在全国游泳锦标赛上获得了5枚金牌和1枚银牌；鼓励外国人学中文的“汉语桥”比赛；中国第一个在地球以外的行星上着陆的探测器。 11．细节理解题。根据“The “Chinese Bridge” competition is organized every year to inspire foreign students to learn Chinese and improve their understanding of Chinese culture.”可知，这个比赛是为了激励外国学生学中文，故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“During the nine days of the event, she won five gold medals and a silver one”可知，得了5枚金牌和1枚银牌，一共6枚奖牌，故选D。 13．细节理解题。根据“Zhang Yufei has made a name for herself as the new butterfly queen at the National Swimming Championships”可知，她是一名游泳运动员，故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据“The name comes from a poem of the same name by Qu Yuan, one of the greatest poets of ancient China.”可知，这个名字来源于中国古代最伟大的诗人之一屈原的一首同名诗，故选D。 15．细节理解题。根据“Tianwen I landed on Mars(火星) on May 15, 2021 successfully”可知，于2021年5月15日成功着陆火星，故选B。 Dear 17-year-old self, When your Lakers’ (洛杉矶湖人队) dream comes true tomorrow, you need to think out a way to invest (投资) in the future of your family and friends. This sounds simple, but you have to take some time to think it over. I said invest. I did not say give. Let me explain. Just giving material things to your siblings (兄弟姐妹) and friends may seem to be right decision. You love them, and they were always there for your giving up, so it’s only right that they should share your success and all that comes with it. Y ou buy them a car, a big house, and pay all of their bills. You want them to live a comfortable life, right? But that is not the truth. You will come to understand that you were taking care of them because it made you feel good to see them smiling. That was very selfish (自私的) of you. While you were feeling satisfied (满意的) with yourself, you were slowly eating away at their own dreams and ambitions (抱负). You were adding material things to their lives, but taking away the most precious (珍贵的) gifts of all: independence (独立) and growth. You are going to be the leader of the family. This includes making hard choices, even if your siblings and friends do not understand them at the time. Invest in their future; don’t just give. Use your success, wealth and influence to put them in the best position to realize their own dreams and find their true purposes. Put them through school, set them up with job interviews and help them become leaders on their own. I’m writing to you now so that you can begin this process quickly because your success has led to anger and jealousy (嫉妒) among your family. There’s much more I could write to you, but at 17, I know you don’t have the attention span (注意力持续时间) to sit through 2, 000 words. Trust me, setting things up right from the beginning will avoid a ton of tears and heartache. Much love, Kobe 16．What might be the best title of his letter? A．To My Younger Self B．For My Dear Family C．To My Beloved Son D．For My Older Self 17．According to Kobe in Paragraph 5, “giving” could make ________. ①him feel satisfied with himself②his siblings and friends depend (依靠) on him ③his siblings and friends live a comfortable life④him stand out from other players A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 18．According to the article, Kobe ________. A．never dreamed of playing for Lakers B．spend plenty of money buying houses for himself C．had a circle of supportive friends and siblings D．had trouble dealing with family relationship (关系) 19．According to the article, Kobe should have (本应该) ________ when he was younger. A．shared his success, wealth and influence with others B．refused to live with his siblings and friends C．looked for well-paid jobs for his siblings and friends D．encouraged his siblings and friends to achieve their goals through hard work 20．Kobe’s purpose in writing this letter was to ________. A．criticize (批评) his family for wasteful spending B．give advice to young people about how to treat their family if they become rich C．complain about feeling tired of looking after his family D．tell young people to try their beset to take good care of their family 【答案】16．A 17．A 18．D 19．D 20．B 【详解】本文是书信，短文是科比写给17岁的自己的信，通过自己处理家庭关系时遇到的麻烦，提醒年轻人，如果他们变得富有，应该如何对待他们的家庭。 16．最佳标题题。根据信的内容，结合称谓“Dear 17-year-old self”，可知是作者写给年轻的自己的信，故选A。 17．细节理解题。根据“While you were feeling satisfied with yourself, you were slowly eating away at their own dreams and ambitions. You were adding material things to their lives, but taking away the most precious gifts of all: independence and growth”，可知 “给予”只是让他对自己满意，让兄弟姐妹和朋友们都依靠他并过上舒适的生活，但却剥夺了他们生活中最珍贵的东西——独立和成长。①②③符合题意，故选A。 18．推理判断题。根据“because your success has led to anger and jealousy among your family”，可知科比在处理家庭关系上遇到了麻烦，故选D。 19．推理判断题。根据“Use your success, wealth and influence to put them in the best position to realize their own dreams and find their true purposes”可知，科比应该鼓励他的兄弟姐妹和朋友们在他年轻的时候通过努力工作来实现他们的目标，故选D。 20．主旨大意题。根据开头“When your Lakers’ dream comes true tomorrow, you need to think out a way to invest in the future of your family and friends”可知，科比写这封信的目的是给年轻人建议，如果他们变得富有，应该如何对待他们的家庭。故选B。 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，使短文完整正确。 “World record broken!” On the 21 (twelve) day of August, 17-year-old Ma Jiajun from Jilin excitedly posted this on social media, with a picture of him holding the certificate (证书) from Guinness World Records. He has set a new world record for “the most consecutive jump rope triples (连续三摇跳绳)” with 701 times. The last world record was 423 and it was 22 (create) 35 years ago. You know what? A Japanese person made it. Ma was short and thin in the past. 23 (build) a stronger body, he took part in the school’s jump rope team. At 9, he competed in a 24 (nation) game and surprisingly broke a record. His coach said he was talented 25 the sport and suggested that he should fight for it. So he joined a jump rope club and trained for six years. The training was really hard. He needed to practice every day for at 26 (little) four to five hours. Every night when he 27 (lie) on his bed, his abs (腹肌) and back were in pain. After breaking the record, Ma caught lots of 28 (people) eyes. “I hope more people could enjoy jump rope, 29 it is very good for our health and full of fun,” Ma said. Now he is 30 (prepare) for next year’s gaokao. His next goal is Beijing Sport University. 【答案】 21．twelfth 22．created 23．To build 24．national 25．in 26．least 27．lay 28．people’s 29．because 30．preparing 【详解】本文讲述了马家俊创造跳绳新的吉尼斯世界纪录的故事，并提出关于跳绳的建议。 21．句意：在8月12日。空前有the，故此空应该用twelve的序数词twelfth。故填twelfth。 22．句意：上一个世界纪录是423，是35年前创造的。根据“was”可知，应该用一般过去时的被动语态，故填created。 23．句意：为了锻炼身体，他参加了学校的跳绳队。动词不定式表示目的，句首单词首字母要大写。故填To build。 24．句意：9岁时，他参加了一场全国性的比赛，出人意料地打破了纪录。修饰名词game用形容词，nation的形容词是national。故填national。 25．句意：他的教练说他在这项运动中很有天赋，并建议他应该为之奋斗。be talented in“在……方面有天赋”。故填in。 26．句意：他需要每天练习至少四到五个小时。at least“至少”。故填least。 27．句意：每天晚上当他躺在床上时，他的腹部和背部都很疼。根据“were”可知，应该用一般过去时，lie的过去式为lay。故填lay。 28．句意：打破纪录后，马吸引了很多人的目光。修饰eyes用名词所有格。故填people’s。 29．句意：我希望更多的人能喜欢跳绳，因为它对我们的健康非常有益，而且充满乐趣。根据“I hope more people could enjoy jump rope…it is very good for our health and full of fun,”可知，此处是因果关系，故此处表示“因为”，应该用because连接。故填because。 30．句意：现在他正在为明年的高考做准备。根据时间状语“Now”可知，此处是现在进行时be doing。故填preparing。 四、用所给词的适当形式完成句子。 31．—Could you tell me how （succeed）in making a speech? —Sure. 【答案】to succeed 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎样才能成功地演讲吗？——当然可以。succeed“成功”，动词。根据句中“how”可知，此处填“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作动词tell的宾语。故填to succeed。 32．My young brother (graduate) from this university in two years. 【答案】will graduate 【详解】句意：我弟弟两年后将从这所大学毕业。由“in two years”可知，这里应该用一般将来时，其结构是：will+动词原形，graduate意为“毕业”。故填will graduate。 33．I can’t become a good sportsman because of my (high). 【答案】height 【详解】句意：由于身高，我不能成为一名优秀的运动员。空格之前是形容词性物主代词，空格处应该填入一个名词。high可以转化为名词height。故填height。 34．The (nation) Day of China has become a 7­-day holiday for people to travel and relax. 【答案】National 【详解】句意：中国的国庆节已经成为人们旅游和放松的7天假期。根据“The... Day of China”及所给词可知，空处用形容词修饰名词Day，nation的形容词是national；the National Day表示“国庆节”，专有名词，首字母大写。故填National。 35．— Excuse me, when can we use the machine? — Not until it (repair) next week. 【答案】is repaired 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，我们什么时候可以使用这台机器？——要到下周修好后才能使用。根据“Excuse me, when...next week.”可知，此处not...until...表示“直到……才……”，next week表明动作发生在将来，遵循“主将从现”原则，用一般现在时；it指machine，和repair是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态be repaired；主语it是单数，be动词用is。故填is repaired。 五、根据汉语提示完成句子。 36．After they read the text, the students (继续) do some exercises. 【答案】went on to 【详解】句意：学生们读完课文后，继续做一些练习。根据“After they read the text”可知此处指“继续做另一件事”，表达为“go on to do sth”；句子陈述发生过的动作，用一般过去时。故填went on to。 37．He passed by me without (注意) me. 【答案】taking notice of 【详解】句意：他从我身边走过，没有注意到我。注意：take notice of，固定搭配；介词without+动名词doing作宾语，所以此处应用taking。故填taking notice of。 38．Very few people in losing weight and keeping it off. (成功) 【答案】succeed 【详解】句意：很少有人能成功地减肥并保持下去。句子缺少谓语动词，所以该空是动词，“成功”succeed，根据句意可知时态是一般现在时，且主语是复数，所以动词用原形。故填succeed。 39．The Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team won the gold medal （凭借）hard work. 【答案】through 【详解】句意：中国女排凭借艰苦的努力赢得了金牌。分析句子结构，句子主谓宾都有，结合提示词“凭借”可知，这里需要填介词through，用它来给出方式或原因，引导方式状语。故填through。 40．Young people (欣赏) Su Bingtian because of his sports spirit. 【答案】admire 【详解】句意：年轻人因为苏炳添的运动精神而钦佩他。根据汉语提示可知本题考查单词admire“钦佩”，由语境可知此句为一般现在时，主语Young people后接动词原形。故填admire。 41．Please write down the names in this form carefully.（德国人） 【答案】Germans’ 【详解】句意：请在这张表格上仔细写下德国人的名字。German“德国人”，根据“the...names”可知，空处要用German的复数形式的所有格。故填Germans’。 42．The table tennis (锦标赛) held in different counties are wonderful. 【答案】tournaments 【详解】句意：在不同国家举行的乒乓球锦标赛非常精彩。根据系动词are可知，主语使用可数名词复数，结合所给中文，tournaments“锦标赛”，故填tournaments。 43．Spud Webb led his team to (胜利) in the final. 【答案】victory 【详解】句意：斯巴德·韦伯率领他的球队在决赛中取得了胜利。victory“胜利”，不可数名词，故填victory。 44．We won’t realize how much health (要紧) to us until we lose it. 【答案】matters 【详解】句意：直到我们失去健康，我们才会意识到健康对我们有多重要。matter“要紧”，动词。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时，主语health为不可数名词，故谓语动词用其单三形式。故填matters。 45．Sun Yat-sen was the (领导) of the 1911 Revolution. 【答案】leader 【详解】句意：孙中山是1911年革命的领导人。leader“领导”，由was可知，空处用名词单数。故填leader。 六、书面表达 46．假如你们学校校报组织题为My role model的英语征文活动，请根据征文要求，写一篇短文投稿。 My role modelIn your life, there must be a role model who influences you deeply. They may be great persons like a scientist, an actor or an athlete. They may also be common people around you such as your parent, your teacher or your classmate. Please write a passage to introduce him or her and your passage should include these following points: 1. Who is your role model? Please introduce his/her general information. 2. Why is he/she your role model? Please give at least two reasons. 3. What can you learn from him/her? We are looking forward to your passages. We hope more readers can share your role models with us. role model: 榜样 要求： 1. 词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺，可适当发挥； 3. 请勿提及真实校名、姓名等信息。 My role model Role models have a great influence on our life. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 My Role Model Role models have a great influence on our life. Everyone has a role model. My role model is Spud Webb. When Spud Webb was young, he was small, but he had a big dream. He wanted to play in the NBA. He was refused to join the school basketball team because of his height, but he never gave up. He kept on practicing playing basketball hard. His talent for basketball was fully developed through his hard work. At last, his dream came true. His story of becoming an NBA player has influenced me most. When I meet difficulties during my study, I always think of my role model Spud Webb. I can get courage from him to go ahead. I will work hard and never lose heart like him to fight for my dream. Spud Webb is always my hero! 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”； ③提示：根据提示内容介绍自己的榜样，要求要点齐全，语句连贯，可适当发挥。 [写作步骤] 第一步，直接点题，点明谁是自己的榜样； 第二步，介绍Spud Webb成为自己榜样的原因； 第三步，表达自己从榜样身上学到了什么。 [亮点词汇] ①keep on doing sth继续做某事 ②give up放弃 ③think of想起 ④go ahead前进 [高分句型] ①When Spud Webb was young, he was small, but he had a big dream.（when引导的时间状语从句） ②He was refused to join the school basketball team because of his height, but he never gave up.（but连接的并列句） 20 / 33 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$