专题05.状语从句-【初升高】2025年新高一英语暑期衔接讲义（通用版）

状语从句 定义： 状语从句在复合句中起状语的作用，用于修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句一般由连词引导，连词不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。状语从句也可以由短语引起，也有时不需要连词而直接和主句连接起来。状语从句多位于句首或句尾。位于句首时，一般要用逗号与主句隔开；位于句尾时，一般不与主句隔开。根据意义上的不同，状语从句可以表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比较和方式等。 典型例句：1.It will not be long before we meet again.用不了多久我们会再见面的。 （时间状语从句） 2.I got up early so that I caught the bus.我起得很早，所以我赶上了公共汽车。 （结果状语从句） ( 时间状语从句解析 ) 时间状语从句常用的引导词 before在……之前 directly一……就…… by the time截至…… after在……之后 since自……以来 till/until直到…… when/while/as当……的时候 each time/every time每次 the moment立刻，马上 no sooner...than...一……就…… once一旦……就…… instantly一……就…… as soon as一……就…… immediately一……就…… hardly...when...一……就…… scarcely...一……就…… whenever/no matter when无论何时 一．before before的意思是“在……之前”，常用来引导时间状语从句。 句型：It is/was (not)+时间+before+从句 It will (not) be+时间+before+从句 It was one year before he finished his work.过了一年他才完成了他的工作。 It was not long before he finished his work.过了不久，他就完成了他的工作。 It will be three weeks before he finishes his work.要过3周，他才能完成他的工作。 It won’t be long before he finishes his work.用不了多久，他就会完成他的工作。 二.by the time by the time的意思是“截至……（时间）”，可以引导时间状语从句。by the time引导的从句若是一般现在时，主句要用将来完成时；若是一般过去时，主句则要用过去完成时。 By the time you receive this letter,I will have left this city for my hometown. 你收到这封信时，我将已经离开这座城市回家乡了。 I shall have finished it by the time you come back.你回来以前我就把它做完了。 说明：这两个句子从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时。 By the time I got there,the bus had already left.等我到那里时，公共汽车已开走了。 She had finished cleaning by the time I arrived.在我到达之前，她就已打扫完卫生了。 说明：这两个句子从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。 必背：“by+时间”还可以构成各种短语，在句子中作时间状语。 by then截至那时 by nine o’clock截至9点钟 by the end of last year截至去年年底 by last year截至去年 by the end of next year截至明年年底 三.once once作连词引导时间状语从句时，意思是“一旦……就……”。 Once you understand the rules of the game,you’ll enjoy it. 一旦你了解了这个游戏的规则，你就会喜欢它。 Once you begin,you should go on.一旦开了头，你就应该继续下去。 注意：once引导状语从句时，若从句的主语和主句的主语一致，有时可以将从句的主语和be动词省略。 Once (it is) printed,the book will be very popular.这本书一旦付印，肯定很受欢迎。 Once (it is) found,any mistake must be corrected.一旦发现任何错误就必须加以改正。 Once having made a promise,you should keep it.一旦做出承诺，你就应该遵守诺言。 四.as soon as和no sooner...than等 as soon as，no sooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when/before，immediately，directly等连词及连词短语的意思都是“一……就……”。当主句是一般将来时，as soon as引导的从句要用一般现在时。no sooner...than，hardly...when/before，scarcely...when/before等引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句往往和过去完成时连用；为了加强语气，主句还可以用倒装语序。 They will post the tickets to me as soon as they receive my check.他们收到我的支票后就立刻把票寄给我。 He will be set free as soon as the fine is paid.只要交了罚款，他就会被释放。 说明：这两个句子的主句是一般将来时，as soon as引导的从句要用一般现在时。 I gave the alarm as soon as I saw the smoke.我一看见冒烟，就发出了警报。 Immediately she had gone,I remembered her name.她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。 The fans cried as soon as they saw the movie star.追星族们一看见这位影星就喊了起来。 =The fans had no sooner seen the movie star than they cried. =The fans had hardly seen the movie star when they cried. =The fans had scarcely seen the movie star when they cried. =No sooner had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Hardly had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Scarcely had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. As soon as I got home,it began to rain.我刚一到家，就下起雨来了。 重要：“一……就……”还可以用the moment表示，这句话还可以转换为： The moment I got home,it began to rain. =I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. =I had hardly got home when/before it began to rain. =I had scarcely got home when/before it began to rain. =No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. =Hardly had I got home when/before it began to rain. =Scarcely had I got home when/before it began to rain. 补充：“on+名词/doing”结构也相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。 Please report to reception on arrival.到达后请立即到接待处报到。 On arriving home,he discovered they had gone.他一到家就发现他们已经走了。 五.whenever和no matter when等 whenever相当于no matter when，意思是“无论什么时候”；every time/each time的意思是“每次”。 Whenever I visited him,he was not at home.我无论何时拜访他，他都不在家。 =No matter when I visited him,he was not at home. Whenever I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home.每次到天津我都要去拜访我的老师。 =No matter when I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home. =I call at my teacher’s home each time I come up to Tianjin. Whenever I see this picture,I think of my hometown. 无论什么时候我看到这幅图片，我都会想起我的家乡。 =No matter when I see this picture,I think of my hometown. =Each/Every time I see this picture,I think of my hometown. 初中试题 1．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）Tom didn’t go to bed ________ his mother came back last night. A．until B．if C．because D．unless 2．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）You will never truly understand your parents’ great love ______ you grow up. A．until B．if C．since D．as 3．（2023·甘肃武威·中考真题）Let’s wait ________ the rain stops. A．so B．while C．since D．until 4．（2022·吉林长春·中考真题）I didn’t understand my mom’s love ________ we had a long talk. A．until B．if C．since D．because 5．（2015·山东泰安·中考真题）— Would you please give this newly-published novel to Jack?   — Certainly, ________ he comes back. A．before B．unless C．until D．as soon as 高中试题 1．Taiping Kowkui. Every spring foggy days moisten the emerald hillsides, villagers know their harvest will come. 2．“ my meal dazi doesn’t go to school someday, I’ll not be so sad for the rest of the day.” said Shi Zhimin, a 17-year-old student from Shanxi province. 3．The carving of fine details was completed the arms were attached. 4．John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job. 5．I was informed that it will be eight months a rescue mission arrives from Earth. 6．No sooner had I begun to understand how British people communicate it was time to head back home. 7． instant I heard the voice, I knew my father was coming. 8．No sooner had she took off the dark glasses I recognized her. (用适当的词填空) 9． the lights are red, the traffic must stop. 10．I have worked in this school I graduated from Peking University. ( 地点状语从句解析 ) 地点状语从句表示地点、方位，通常由连词where和复合关系词wherever（相当于no matter where）引导。 一.where where作连词引导地点状语从句时，意思是“在/向……的地方”。 You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。 You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.哪儿有问题，你就在哪儿做个记号。 =Where you have any questions,you’d better make a mark. We must camp where we can get water.我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。 Where they went,they were warmly welcomed.他们走到哪里都受到热烈的欢迎。 比较：where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的区别 引导定语从句时，where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词，where引导的从句修饰先行词。引导状语从句时，where是从属连词，它引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词，where前面没有表示地点的先行词。 Bamboo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often. =Bamboo grows best where it is warm and where it rains often. （where引导定语从句，引导地点状语从句。） 温暖而多雨的地方最适合于竹子生长。 有时，where引导的地点状语从句兼有抽象条件含义，可放在主句的前面；而where引导的定语从句则不能放在主句的前面。 Where there is water,there is life.有水的地方就有生命。（where引导地点状语从句。） 二.wherever wherever相当于no matter where，意思是“无论到哪里，无论在哪里”。wherever引导的地点状语从句多位于句首。 Wherever he goes,he always takes a notebook with him.无论走到哪里，他总是带着一个笔记本。 Wherever there is smoke,there is fire.无风不起浪。 Wherever he may be,he will be happy.无论在什么地方，他都会快乐的。 =No matter where he may be,he will be happy. 高中试题 1．Located the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. 2．Don't put the sharp knife little kids can get it. 3．Huang excelled and made substantial contributions to his country. 4．He always parks his car he can see it from the window, just to make sure it’s safe. 5．Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity others saw only disaster. 6．You may park your car there is a parking sign. 7．It is a good idea to put your goals you can see them. 8．——Mom, what did your doctor say?——He advised me to live the air is fresher. 9．She was looking for her bicycle key she thought she might have put it. 10．Children should be instructed to put things they belong in the early childhood. ( 原因状语从句解析 ) 原因状语从句常用的引导词 because因为 since既然 now that既然 as由于 seeing (that)由于，因为，鉴于 considering (that)考虑到，鉴于 一.because because的意思是“因为”，表示直接原因，语气最重，常用来回答why（为什么）引导的特殊疑问句。 A:Why were you late for school this morning?你今天早晨上学为什么迟到了？ B:Because I got up late.因为我起床晚了。 I want to do it myself because I like it.我想亲自做这件事，因为我喜欢它。 （正）He is disappointed because he failed again.因为他又失败了，所以他感到失望。 （误）So he is disappointed because he failed again. 切记：尽管在汉语中“因为……，所以……”常一起使用，但在英语中because不能和so连用。 The museum won’t be open this week because it is under repairs.博物馆本周不开放，因为他正在修缮中。 二.since since的意思是“既然”，表示对方已知道的事实和理由，语气比because弱。 Since you’re not interested,I won’t tell you about.既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。 Since no one is against it,we’ll pass it.既然没人反对，那我们就通过了。 Since you can’t answer the question,I’ll ask someone else.既然你回答不出这个问题，那我就问别人了。 三.as as的意思是“由于”，表示较为明显的原因，语气较弱。 As it is snowing,you’d better take a taxi.下雪了，你最好乘出租车。 As you request it,I will come.由于你的要求，所以我会来。（语气较缓和） =I’ll come because you request it.（语气很强） As she had no car,she stayed at home.她因为没车而留在家里。（语气较缓和） =She stayed at home because she had no car.（语气很强） 比较：because，since，as和for的区别 都可译为“因为”，但在语气上，because最重，其次是since，as，for。 because，since，as都是从属连词。而for是一个并列连词，用来附带解释说明前一分句的原因或理由，for引导的并列句，一般放在所要说明的句子的后面。 because引导的原因状语从句一般放主句后面，也可放主句前面；since和as引导的从句则通常位于句首；for不能位于句首，只能置于句中，且前面要用逗号与前一分句分开。 I went to see him,for I had something to tell him.我去见他，因为我有事要告诉他。 四.now what，seeing that和considering that now that的意思是“既然”，seeing that的意思是“由于，因为，鉴于”，considering that的意思是“考虑到，鉴于”。 Now that they have taken matters into their hands,the pace of events has quickened. 他们既然已着手自己来处理问题，事态的进展也就加快了。 Now that you are a man,you must not do such a thing.既然你是个男子汉，就不要做这样的事了。 Now that you are well,you can work.既然你已经好了，你可以工作了。 Seeing that he’s been off sick all week,he is unlikely to come today. 由于他请病假整整一周了，所以今天不太可能来。 She knows quite a lot about it,considering (that) she is very young.鉴于她年龄小，她懂得的已经很多了。 初中试题 1．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）________ over 400 million adults are too heavy, China has made a plan to help its people with weight control. A．Since B．Unless C．Though D．Until 2．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）It’s important to keep learning about new ideas and technology ________ the world changes so fast. A．so B．or C．since D．unless 3．（2024·四川·中考真题）—Why are you late for class? —________ my alarm clock didn’t go off this morning. A．So B．Because C．However D．Unless 4．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Many students lose marks simply ________ they do not read the questions carefully. A．unless B．so C．before D．because 5．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）Our school life is more interesting now _________ we can enjoy ourselves in different clubs. A．because B．whether C．unless D．although 高中试题 1．This is obvious Man City lost the two Premier League matches which De Bruyne didn’t participate in, scoring none, and it was De Bruyne himself contributing a whole lot to save Man City from being slashed by Real Madrid. 2．I think it’s better to give it a second thought so many of us consider it a risk. 3．Mark needs to learn Chinese his company is opening a branch in Beijing. 4． (give) that they lack experience, they have done a good job. 5． it is a small-scale project or a large-scale one, the team always performs well, it can gather the wisdom of all members and make full use of various resources. 6．I did that she told me to. 7．Be careful you deal with this chemical, it will explode when (expose) to sunlight. 8． everyone is here, let's begin our class. 9．We listened eagerly, he brought news of our families. 10． you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I thought this festival would be a worthwhile experience for you. ( 条件状语从句解析 ) 条件状语从句常用的引导词 in case万一 unless除非 as/so long as只要 if如果 provided (that)如果 providing (that)如果 suppose (that)如果 supposing (that)如果 on condition (that)如果 一.if和unless if的意思是“如果”。unless的意思则是“除非……；如果不……”，相当于if...not...，有时二者可以换用。 If you have any questions or comments,you can voice them now. 你们如果有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。 If we interfere with nature,we will have to deal with the consequences. 如果我们干预自然，我们将不得不应付后果。 If you don’t eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 如果你不吃肉，那这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 =Unless you eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 除非你吃肉，否则这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 If you don’t visit him tomorrow,he will be angry.如果你明天不去看他，他会生气的。 =Unless you visit him tomorrow,he’ll be angry.除非你明天去看他，否则他就会生气的。 二.in case in case的意思是“万一，以防”，常用来引导条件状语从句。 Take a coat in case the weather turns old.带上一件外衣吧，以防天气转冷了。 Take some money with you in case you want to buy something.带上些钱，万一你想要买一些东西呢。 Take a taxi in case you are late for the meeting.坐出租车去，免得开会迟到。 I’ll leave you my phone number in case you want to contact me.我把我的电话号码留给你，万一你要和我联系呢。 You’d better be ready in case he comes.你最好有所准备，万一他来呢。 比较：“in case+从句”和“in case of+名词”都表示“以防，万一”。 They won’t be able to go to the park in case it rains. =In case of rain they can’t go to the park.万一下雨，他们就不能去公园了。 in that case意为“如果是那样的话”。 In that case,he would be punished.要是情况如此，他将会受到惩罚。 （表示假设条件，he would be punished是虚拟语气。） Will Li Ming attend the party?In that case,I won’t attend it.李明会参加聚会吗？若是那样的话，我就不参加了。 三.as long as和so long as as long as和so long as的意思都是“只要”。 I’m sure we are safe as long as (we are) in his care.我深信只要在他的保护下，我们就会平安无事。 He will surely finish the job on time as long as he’s left to do it in his own way.只要让他用自己的方式工作，他一定会按时完成这项工作的。 As/So long as we don’t lose heart,we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.只要我们不灰心，我们就能找到克服困难的办法。 You can go to see the film as/so long as you arrive at the cinema on time.你可以去看这场电影，只要你能按时到达电影院。 补充：as long as还可以作“……之久”讲。 Keep it as long as you can.你能把它保留多久，就保留多久。 四.provided (that)和supposing (that)等 条件状语从句还可以由provided (that)，providing (that)，suppose (that)，supposing (that)，on condition (that)等引导。 We shall sign the contract provided (that) there is no opposition.如果没有反对意见，我们就在合同上签字。 He won’t be against us in the meeting provided (that) we ask for his advice in advance.如果我们提前征求一下他的意见，他就不会在会上反对我们。 Providing there is no objection,we shall make a decision.如果没人反对，我们就决定了。 Suppose we offer more favourable terms,they will choose to cooperate with us.假如我们提供更优惠的条件，他们会选择与我们合作。 Supposing it rains,shall we visit the museum?倘若下雨，我们还去参观博物馆吗？ I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.我可以告诉你真相，条件是你答应保守秘密。 五.条件状语从句的时态 在运用条件状语从句的时候，一定要注意主句和从句在时态上的一致。 A.主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时 和时间状语从句一样，条件状语从句的时态也要注意和主句时态保持一致。大多数情况下，主句如果是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时来表示，有时也可以用现在进行时和现在完成时。 He’ll be a doctor when he finishes studying here.他结束在这儿的学习之后，将会成为一名医生。 （时间状语从句） If it doesn’t rain tomorrow,we’ll start.明天如果不下雨，我们就出发。（条件状语从句） If you understand this rule,you will have no further difficulty.（条件状语从句）你如果/一旦了解这个规则，就不会再有困难。 说明：有时可用once或as soon as代替if。 Once/As soon as you understand this rule,you will have no further difficulty. B.有时主句中用祈使句和情态动词来替代将来时态 If you get the book,let me know.如果你弄到了那本书，告诉我一声。（祈使句） If you drink,don’t drive.如果你喝了酒，千万别开车。（祈使句） If he feels like seeing the sights of the city,he can take a bus tour.（情态动词） 如果他想看城市风光，他可以坐城市观光车。 If you like,you can stay here for the weekend.如果你愿意就留在这里过周末吧。（情态动词） C.如果主句谓语动词是want，hope等词，则条件状语从句用一般现在时 What do you want to do if you have much money?如果你有很多钱，你想要做什么？ I hope to see her if I’m free.如果我有空，我希望去看看她。 D.在有些句子中，主、从句都可用一般现在时 If you ring this number,no one answers.如果你打这个电话号码，不会有人接。 If you press the switch,the computer comes on.如果你按这个开关，计算机就会启动。 注意：有时if引导的从句也可以用will，但will表示意愿。 If you will go into the fields and turn over a few big stones,you will uncover a city of ant “people”.如果你愿意到田野里去翻开几块大石头，你准会揭开一个蚁“民”的城市。 If you’ll just wait a moment,I’ll find someone to help you.如果你愿意等一会儿，我会找人来帮助你。 If you won’t go,you needn’t/won’t go.如果你不愿意去，那就不必去。 初中试题 1．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Technology can be of great help ________ we make an effort to control it and use it right. A．if B．before C．though D．until 2．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）If you are lazy in spring, you ________ nothing in autumn. A．harvested B．will harvest C．are harvesting D．have harvested 3．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）________ you are too tired to do all the things on your To-Do list, try a To-Don’t list. A．If B．Until C．Although D．Unless 4．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）Everything is possible ________ you work hard. A．as much as B．as soon as C．as long as D．as far as 5．（2023·安徽·中考真题）Our country will be much better for everyone in future ________ we all do something to help now. A．if B．before C．so that D．even though 高中试题 1． This plan can be successful the resources are allocated properly and there are measures in place （ensure） that all team members cooperate effectively. 2． (suppose) that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. 3．I can lend you my bike condition that you must return it before Friday. 4．You will really get into trouble (provide) that you can’t show enough evidence to the police. 5．We will give you a good price you are thinking of buying it. 6． (give) that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it is also (popular) sport out of this world! 7．如果你努力学习的话, 通过这次考试是有可能的。（it is possible for sb to do sth）(汉译英) 8．Get up early tomorrow. , you will not catch the first bus. 明天早点起床，如果不早起的话，你就赶不上第一班公交车。 9．如果天气允许的话, 明天我们就去野餐。 , we will have a picnic tomorrow. 10． (只要) you have determination, you can do anything in this world. (根据汉语提示完成句子) ( 目的结果状语从句解析 ) 目的状语从句常用的引导词 结果状语从句常用的引导词 that，so that，in order that (so) that，(so...) that，(such...) that， (so much/many...) that 一.so that so that的意思是“目的是……；结果……”，既可以引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时，从句的谓语里常有can，could，may，might，will，would等情态动词。而引导结果状语从句时，则通常没有情态动词。 比较：The little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present on Mother’s Day. 小男孩把一枚枚硬币积攒起来，为的是能在母亲节给妈妈买一份礼物。（目的） The little boy saved every coin so that he bought his mother a present on Mother’s Day. 小男孩把一枚枚硬币积攒起来，在母亲节那天给妈妈买了一份礼物。（结果） 比较：He always studies hard so that me may make great progress.他总是努力地学习，这样他才会取得很大的进步。（目的） He always studied hard so that he made great progress.他总是努力地学习，结果他取得了很大的进步。（结果） 二.in order that in order that的意思是“以便……，为了……”。in order that和so that表示目的时一样，从句的谓语动词里常有can，could，may，might，will，would等情态动词。 She raised her voice in order that she might be heard.她把声音抬高以便与别人听见。 =She raised her voice so that she might be heard. in order that和so that与不定式in order to，so as to以及to表示目的时表达的意思一样，不过不定式表示目的时，句子是简单句。因此上一句还可表示为： She raised her voice so as to be heard. In order to be heard she raised her voice. She raised her voice in order to be heard. To be heard she raised her voice. She raised her voice to be heard. 比较：so as to不能位于句首；in order to和to的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首或句中。 三.so...that和such...that so...that和such...that的意思都是“如此……以至”，二者皆可引导结果状语从句，且含义相同，但用法有一定的区别。 句型：so+形容词/副词+that When the football fans saw Beckham,they got so excited that they cried out. 当球迷们看到贝克汉姆的时候，他们如此激动以至于大喊大叫。 He was so ill that we had to send for a doctor.他病得很重，我们只好给他请医生了。 He was injured so badly that he had to be sent to the hospital.他伤势很重，不得不送医院。 =So badly was he injured that he had to be sent to the hospital. 切记：当so位于句首时，主句的主谓要倒装。 The novel was so boring that he gave up reading it half way through. =So boring was the novel that he gave up reading it half way through.这本小说非常乏味，他读了一半就不读了。 David was so careless that he didn’t find the mistakes in his test paper. =David was too careless to find the mistakes in his test paper.戴维太粗心了，没发现他试卷中的错误。 She was so exhausted that she couldn’t move on. =She was too exhausted to move on.她疲惫得无法继续前进。 说明：如果so...that引导的结果状语从句是否定句，也可以用too...to...来表达相同的意思。 句型：such+a/an（+形容词）+单数可数名词+that =so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that It gave him such a shock that his face turned white.这使他如此震惊以至于他的脸色都变白了。 This is such a useful dictionary that I’m thinking of buying it. =This is so useful a dictionary that I’m thinking of buying it.这本字典很有用，我正打算买一本。 He is such a clever boy that all the teachers like him. =He is so clever a boy that all the teachers like him.他是如此聪明的一个男孩，所有的老师都喜欢他。 It was such an interesting film that I saw it twice. =It was so interesting a film that I saw it twice.这是一部很有意思的电影，我看了两次。 句型：such（+形容词）+不可数名词+that This book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.这本书是用浅易的英语写的，初学者都可以读懂。 He showed such concern that people took him to be a friend.他表现得如此关心以至于人们都把他当作朋友了。 （正）It’s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. （误）It’s so nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. 多么好的天气啊！我们大家都想去公园玩。 注意：当不可数名词的前面有形容词much，little修饰时，要用so，而不用such。句型为“so+much/little+不可数名词+that”。 Such a little boy has so little difficulty in working out this difficult problem that I admire him very much.这样小的一个男孩解这道题所遇到的困难是如此之少，以至于我很羡慕他。 （第一个little意为“小”，因此前面用such修饰；第二个little意为“少”，因此前面用so修饰。） He had so much work to do that he had to work late into the night.他有那么多工作要做，不得不工作到深夜。 句型：such（+形容词）+复数可数名词+that They are such difficult problems that I don’t know how to settle them.这些问题是如此复杂，以至于我不知道如何解决。 He made such a lot of mistakes in his maths exercises that he had to do them all over.他做错了如此多的数学题，以至于不得不全部重新做。 （正）They are such fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. （误）They are so fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. 他们是非常好的老师，我们对他们极为尊敬。 注意：当可数名词前有形容词many，few修饰时，要用so，而不用such。句型为“so+many/few+复数可数名词+that”。 There are so few notebooks that I can’t give you any.笔记本太少了，我一本也给不了你。 There are so many kinds of bikes on sale at the market that I cannot make up my mind which to buy.市场上出售的自行车种类很多，我拿不定主意要买哪一种。 初中试题 1．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）Our teacher asks us to read newspapers every day ________ we can find out what’s going on around the world. A．so that B．even though C．in order to D．as soon as 2．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）Let’s take the simple steps today ________ we will save the world for our grandsons and granddaughters tomorrow. A．unless B．until C．so that D．though 3．（2020·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）Aunt Lucy put the plant near the window __________ it could get enough sunlight. A．as if B．even though C．as long as D．so that 4．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）The city Zibo is ________ popular ________ many people want to go there for a trip this year. A．so, that B．such, that C．too, to D．very, that 5．（2022·西藏·中考真题）Gu Ailing worked ________ hard ________ she got excellent achievements at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. A．not only … but also B．such ... that C．not ... until D．so … that 高中试题 1．You’d better take some food with you case you will be hungry on the train. 2．He worked day and night order that he could succeed. 3．He must get up early that he can go to work on time. 4．The doctor shares his phone number with the patients case they need medical assistance. 5．My mother was so touched by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier (收银员) a five-dollar bill to keep on hand case the same happened to someone else if they didn’t have enough money for all of their groceries. 6．With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time. 7．Dad brought a notebook along to the beach, case he was seized by sudden inspiration. 8．Come a little bit closer that you can get a better view. 9．They may be able to help with childcare that you can have a break. 10．You’d better know some first aid methods in case something unexpected (happen). 11．He roared so loudly all the children were almost scared to death. 12．We have much time that we can finish the work very well. 13．She is such a lovely girl we love her very much. 14．Pahlsson screamed loudly that her daughter came (run) from the house. 15．The Great Wall is well-known a tourist attraction that lots of tourists visit the city every year. 16．The Great Wall is a well-known tourist attraction that lots of tourists visit the city every year. 17．Before the policy came out, I had much homework that I had no time to go out with my friend. 18．很显然，这棵树太小了，经受不住暴风雨。(一句多译) (1)  It’s clear that the tree is . (too… to…) (2)  It’s clear that the tree is . (enough to do) (3)  It’s clear that the tree is . (so… that…) 19．Yet there was much melancholy and much gentleness spread over all this she gradually adjusted to it. 然而，这一切充满了太多的忧郁和太多的温柔，她渐渐地适应了。 20．他如此专心读书以至于根本没注意到外面在下雨。(so…… that)(汉译英) ( 让步状语从句解析 ) 让步状语从句常用的引导词 though/although虽然 no matter+疑问词（who/what/when/which/where/how）无论 even if/even though即使 whoever/whatever/whenever/whichever/wherever/however无论 一.though和although though，although都当“虽然”讲，二者都可与以yet或still连用，但不能与but连用。 Although he was worn out,he (still) kept on working. =Though he was worn out,he (still) kept on working. =He still kept on working though he was worn out. =He was worn out but he still kept on working.他虽然已经筋疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作。 注意：（正）it was not very cold although/though it was snowing.虽下着雪，但并不太冷。 （误）Although/though it was snowing,but it was not very cold. Although he was a child,he knew what was the right thing to do. =Though he was a child,he knew what was the right thing to do. =Child though he was,he knew what was the right thing to do. =Child as he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。 Although you may object,I’ll carry out the experiment. =Though you may object,I’ll carry out the experiment. =Object as you may,I’ll carry out the experiment.纵使你反对，我也要做这项实验。 Although he works hard,he makes little progress. =Though he works hard,he makes little progress. =Hard though he works,he makes little progress. =Hard as he works,he makes little progress.尽管他学习很努力，但几乎没取得什么进步。 说明：此二句采用了倒装语序，在这种倒装句中只能用as或though，不能用although。 二.even if和even though even if相当于even though，意思是“即使，尽管，虽然……也”，其所表达的意思比although更强烈。 We’ll make a trip even if/even though the weather is bad. 即使天气不好，我们也要作一次旅行。 You should try to be nice to him,even though you don’t like him. 即使你不喜欢他，也要尽量对他好些。 Even though/Even if it is raining,I’ll go to work.尽管下着雨，我也要去上班。 比较：even if和even though所引导的状语从句中，动词用虚拟语气时和用陈述语气时表达的意义有所不同。 Even if I were ill,I would attend the meeting.即使我生病了，我也要参加会议。 （虚拟语气，事实上我并没有生病。） Even if I am ill,I will attend the meeting.虽然我生病了，我也要参加会议。 （陈述语气，我现在的确生病了。） 三.“no matter+疑问词”和“疑问词-ever” “no matter+疑问词（who/what/when/where/which/how）”引导让步状语从句时，相当于whoever/whatever/whenever/wherever/whichever/however，它们可以互换，表达的含义是“无论……，不管……都……”。 no matter who=whoever（无论是谁） no matter what=whatever（无论什么） no matter when=whenever（无论何时） no matter where=wherever（无论何地） no matter which=whichever（无论是哪一个） no matter how=however（无论怎样） No matter who you are,you must keep the law. =Whoever you are,you must keep the law.不管你是谁，你都要遵纪守法。 No matter what you do,I will support you. =Whatever you do,I will support you.无论你做什么，我都会支持你。 No matter when she comes,she says the same words. =Whenever she comes,she says the same words.无论她什么时候来，她总是说同样的话。 No matter which you like best,you can have. =You can have whichever you like best.你可以拿你最喜欢的。 No matter how difficult it may be,we will overcome it. =However difficult it may be,we will overcome it.不管多么困难，我们都要克服。 1． different counties and various regions have their own cultures, if we pursue harmony between humanity and nature, there will be no friction and no violence.” said Zhong. 2．To our surprise, much effort has been made, the cause of the accident has not been found out. 3．One can always manage to do more things, no matter full one’s schedule is in life. 4． small, the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries. 5．We should give the boy another chance he has made some mistakes. 6． the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars. 7． (尽管下大雨), the football match continued as scheduled. 8．无论工作多么困难，他都决心完成任务，这些任务包括从简单的数据整理到复杂的方案策划。（分词做状语） the work is, he is determined to complete the tasks, simple data organization to complex plan formulation. 9． , he worked late into the night. 虽然他累了，但还是工作到深夜。 10． , do be careful. Otherwise you will fail. 无论做什么，务必认真做。否则你会失败的。 ( 比较状语从句解析 ) 原级 比较级 最高级 as...as，not so/as...as more...than the most...in/of... 一.more...than和the more...of... 句型：more...than ……比……更…… the more...of...（两者之中）比较……的 This film is more moving than that one.这部电影比那部电影感人。 This film is the more moving of the two films.这部电影是这两部电影中比较感人的。 This film is the most moving of the three.这部电影是这3部电影中最感人的。 说明：上方的三个句子分别表示了三种不同的意思： ①表示两部电影的比较。②表示从两部电影中选择了一部。 ③表示三部以上比较或从中选择。 二.“no+比较级+than”和“not+比较级+than” 句型：no+形容词/副词比较级+than（与……一样不） 对两者的否定，用于两者比较。 句型：not+形容词/副词比较级+than（不像/不如……一样） 表示程度上的差异，是普通的比较级结构。 She is no more diligent than her sisters. =Neither she nor her sisters are diligent.她们姐妹几个都不勤奋。 She is not more diligent than her sisters. =She is not as diligent as her sisters.她不如她的几个姐妹勤奋。 This fairy tale is no more interesting than that one. =Neither this fairy tale nor that one is interesting.这个童话和那个童话一样没趣。 This fairy tale is not more interesting than that one. =This fairy tale is not so interesting as that one.这个童话不如那个童话有趣。 重要：“A+动词+no more+B+than+C+动词+D”意为“A不是B，正如C不是D”。 We can no more leave the Party than fish can leave water. 我们不能离开党，正如鱼儿离不开水一样。 He’s no more fit to be a minister than a schoolboy would be. 小学生不适合当部长，他也不适合当部长。 A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.鲸和马一样，都不是鱼。 三.表示倍数的常用句型 句型：A+基数词+times as+形容词/副词原级+as+B A是B的几倍 This room is three times as large as that one.这间屋子是那间屋子的3倍大。 This red box is half as large as the blue one.这个红色盒子是那个蓝色盒子的一半大。 句型：A+基数词+times+名词/代词+of+B A是B的几倍 The age of my grandpa is four times the age of mine. =The age of my grandpa is four times that of mine. =My grandpa is four times as old as I.我爷爷的年龄是我的4倍。 句型：A+基数词+times+比较级+than+B A比B大（小，长……）几倍 This hole is five times deeper than that one.这个洞比那个洞深5倍。 =This hole is six times as deep as that one. =This hole is six times the depth of that one.这个洞是那个洞的6倍深。 四.形似比较级的固定搭配 句型：no more than+基数词（只不过，仅仅，只有） 具有感情色彩，含有“嫌少”的意思，不表示比较。 句型：not more than+基数词（至多，不超过） 客观地说明一个事实，没有感情色彩，不表示比较。 It is no more than ten minutes’ walk from the station to the hotel. 从车站走到宾馆只有10分钟的路程。（感觉路程短，带有感情色彩。） It is not more than ten minutes’ walk from the station to the hotel. 从车站走到宾馆只有10分钟的路程。（客观地说出事实，没有感情色彩。） I spent no more than five days reading the book. 仅仅用了5天，我就把这本书读完了。（强调时间短，带有感情色彩。） I spent not more than five days reading the book. 我用了不到5天的时间就把这本书读完了。（客观地说明一个事实，不带有感情色彩。） ( 方式状语从句解析 ) 表示行为方式的状语从句常由as，as if，as though，just as等引导，且多置于主句之后。有时，方式状语从句不用连词引导，而是用词或词组引导。 一.as引导方式状语从句时 通常作“依照……”，“像……一样，如……”等讲。 Always do to the others as you would be done by.你希望别人怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。 He must do as the doctor advises.他必须按照医生所说的去做。 Leave it as it is.维持现状。 He attended the meeting on time as he had been told to do.他按照要求，准时出席了会议。 二.just as引导方式状语从句时 作“正如……”讲。 She went to the beach with me just as she had promised me to do. 正如她所许诺我的，她和我一起去了海滨。 I did it just as you told me.我正是按照你说的办的。 三.as if，as though引导方式状语从句时 作“似乎，好像”讲。状语从句的谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。 He paused as though he found some difficulty. 他停了停，仿佛遇到了一些困难似的。 I love you as if you were my daughter.我爱你就像你是我的女儿。 （与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） She closed her eyes as though she were asleep.她闭上眼睛，好像睡着了似的。 （与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） He acted as if he were brave.他装得好像很勇敢的样子。 （与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） He behaves as if he were a super star.他的举止就像一个巨星。 （与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） I feel as if I were floating on air.我感觉好像飘浮在空中一样。 （与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） It sounds as though the situation would get worse.听起来好像情况会恶化似的。 （与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） It looks as if it’s going to rain.看上去好像要下雨。 （所说的情况很可能是事实，谓语用陈述语气。） 四.方式状语从句有时不用连词引导 He is behaving (in) the same way his father used to.他的行为和他父亲过去的行为一样。 We must manage to make it work in the way that we want it to.我们一定要设法让它按照我们所想的那样去做。 I was never allowed to do things the way I wanted to do them.我从来不曾获准按照自己的想法去做事情。 ( 综合训练 ) 初中试题 1．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ______ you often use them. A．when B．unless C．if D．until 2．（2024·河北·中考真题）Jeff still works hard ________ he has achieved great success. A．if B．before C．though D．because 3．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）Tom didn’t go to bed ________ his mother came back last night. A．until B．if C．because D．unless 4．（2024·福建·中考真题）You can feel better ________ you take a walk in the park just for 20 minutes. A．if B．before C．until 5．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Everyone loves my dog Coffee, ________ he often makes a mess at home. A．until B．since C．though D．whether 6．（2024·吉林·中考真题）Bob watches the news every night _________ he wonders what’s going on around the world. A．although B．because C．unless 7．（2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）—How long have you been in Qiqihar? —________ my father came here to work five years ago. A．When B．While C．Since 8．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）________ you are too tired to do all the things on your To-Do list, try a To-Don’t list. A．If B．Until C．Although D．Unless 9．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Many students lose marks simply ________ they do not read the questions carefully. A．unless B．so C．before D．because 10．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）Everything is possible ________ you work hard. A．as much as B．as soon as C．as long as D．as far as 高中试题 一、用单词的适当形式完成句子 1.Health product sales recorded a nearly tenfold increase year-on-year during the two weeks leading to Mother’s Day __________ consumers paid more attention to keeping healthy in post-pandemic times. 2.The city was barely known by outsiders __________ it went viral on Chinese social media platforms recently. 3.They discovered that the arms of these figures were created separately and then attached to the bodies and covered in a layer of fine clay. The carving of fine details was completed __________ the arms were attached. 4.Especially, Universal City Walk Beijing, home to dozens of shops, a cinema, many restaurants and a host of mobile food bars, will offer free admission for visitors __________ it opens on the 20th. 5.The charmers, who make snakes dance to the sound of flutes (笛子), used to be a traditional feature of Indian life, performing in towns and villages, __________ they were banned in 1972 to control the trade in snake skins. 6.__________ burdens you are having now on your shoulders, let it down for moment if you can. Life is short, so enjoy it. 7. __________ there have been other rice experiments in space, the one being conducted on Tiangong is the first of its kind. 8.Simply saying these young minds were friendly would not be enough __________, beyond that, they were intelligent, curious and passionate about the study fields they were in pursuit of and the future of the European Union (EU) along with the whole world. 9.It all began __________ a farmer called Yan Daocheng dug out a number of treasures accidentally in the spring of 1929. 10.One of sleep’s main functions is to help improve memory. It does this by enabling the brain to strengthen some neural pathways (神经通路) __________ reducing those it doesn’t need. 11.They discovered that the arms of these figures were created separately and then attached to the bodies and covered in a layer of fine clay. The carving of fine details was completed __________ the arms were attached. 12.At present, there are three panda bases providing this volunteer program. Dujiangyan Panda Base is the most convenient one __________ it is near to Chengdu City. 13. __________ we are to have any hope of keeping global temperature increases down below 2 degrees Celsius, we desperately need to develop ways to capture and store carbon dioxide. 14.“The Chinese government will take necessary measures to firmly protect the marine environment __________ Japan is determined to go on with its discharge (排放) plan.” said a majority of Chinese. 15.Basically, a tip may be provided, such as indicating __________ the answer is a person, a place, or a thing. 16. Taiping Kowkui. Every spring __________ foggy days moisten the emerald hillsides, villagers know their harvest will come. 17.__________ this improvement is positive, there is still a lot the world needs to do to help secure the survival of this precious species. 18.Born in Munich, Germany, Rechenberg was so attracted by this delicate, classic Chinese silk at first sight and touch __________ in 1999 she came to China in search of it. 19.My passion was aroused by those passengers, so I took my children to the museum too. I never knew why it had such great charm __________ I got there. 20. “The night market is noisy and crowded. It is hard for the children to keep their attention focused on their studies with all the noise, and the parents will never be able to concentrate on their business __________ they have to look after their children,” she said. 二．语篇填空 Few people I know seem to have much desire 1 time to cook. Making Chinese dishes is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries 2 they realize how cheap it can be to eat out. I still remember  3 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked  4  I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 5  regularly eating out seems to have become common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be affordable 6 doing this almost everyday adds up. There could be an even higher cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home  7  the rise in weight problems. 8  you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that  9  you go to your mum’s home for dinner next time, you get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health  10 in your pocket. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 状语从句 定义： 状语从句在复合句中起状语的作用，用于修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句一般由连词引导，连词不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。状语从句也可以由短语引起，也有时不需要连词而直接和主句连接起来。状语从句多位于句首或句尾。位于句首时，一般要用逗号与主句隔开；位于句尾时，一般不与主句隔开。根据意义上的不同，状语从句可以表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比较和方式等。 典型例句：1.It will not be long before we meet again.用不了多久我们会再见面的。 （时间状语从句） 2.I got up early so that I caught the bus.我起得很早，所以我赶上了公共汽车。 （结果状语从句） ( 时间状语从句解析 ) 时间状语从句常用的引导词 before在……之前 directly一……就…… by the time截至…… after在……之后 since自……以来 till/until直到…… when/while/as当……的时候 each time/every time每次 the moment立刻，马上 no sooner...than...一……就…… once一旦……就…… instantly一……就…… as soon as一……就…… immediately一……就…… hardly...when...一……就…… scarcely...一……就…… whenever/no matter when无论何时 一．before before的意思是“在……之前”，常用来引导时间状语从句。 句型：It is/was (not)+时间+before+从句 It will (not) be+时间+before+从句 It was one year before he finished his work.过了一年他才完成了他的工作。 It was not long before he finished his work.过了不久，他就完成了他的工作。 It will be three weeks before he finishes his work.要过3周，他才能完成他的工作。 It won’t be long before he finishes his work.用不了多久，他就会完成他的工作。 二.by the time by the time的意思是“截至……（时间）”，可以引导时间状语从句。by the time引导的从句若是一般现在时，主句要用将来完成时；若是一般过去时，主句则要用过去完成时。 By the time you receive this letter,I will have left this city for my hometown. 你收到这封信时，我将已经离开这座城市回家乡了。 I shall have finished it by the time you come back.你回来以前我就把它做完了。 说明：这两个句子从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时。 By the time I got there,the bus had already left.等我到那里时，公共汽车已开走了。 She had finished cleaning by the time I arrived.在我到达之前，她就已打扫完卫生了。 说明：这两个句子从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。 必背：“by+时间”还可以构成各种短语，在句子中作时间状语。 by then截至那时 by nine o’clock截至9点钟 by the end of last year截至去年年底 by last year截至去年 by the end of next year截至明年年底 三.once once作连词引导时间状语从句时，意思是“一旦……就……”。 Once you understand the rules of the game,you’ll enjoy it. 一旦你了解了这个游戏的规则，你就会喜欢它。 Once you begin,you should go on.一旦开了头，你就应该继续下去。 注意：once引导状语从句时，若从句的主语和主句的主语一致，有时可以将从句的主语和be动词省略。 Once (it is) printed,the book will be very popular.这本书一旦付印，肯定很受欢迎。 Once (it is) found,any mistake must be corrected.一旦发现任何错误就必须加以改正。 Once having made a promise,you should keep it.一旦做出承诺，你就应该遵守诺言。 四.as soon as和no sooner...than等 as soon as，no sooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when/before，immediately，directly等连词及连词短语的意思都是“一……就……”。当主句是一般将来时，as soon as引导的从句要用一般现在时。no sooner...than，hardly...when/before，scarcely...when/before等引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句往往和过去完成时连用；为了加强语气，主句还可以用倒装语序。 They will post the tickets to me as soon as they receive my check.他们收到我的支票后就立刻把票寄给我。 He will be set free as soon as the fine is paid.只要交了罚款，他就会被释放。 说明：这两个句子的主句是一般将来时，as soon as引导的从句要用一般现在时。 I gave the alarm as soon as I saw the smoke.我一看见冒烟，就发出了警报。 Immediately she had gone,I remembered her name.她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。 The fans cried as soon as they saw the movie star.追星族们一看见这位影星就喊了起来。 =The fans had no sooner seen the movie star than they cried. =The fans had hardly seen the movie star when they cried. =The fans had scarcely seen the movie star when they cried. =No sooner had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Hardly had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Scarcely had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. As soon as I got home,it began to rain.我刚一到家，就下起雨来了。 重要：“一……就……”还可以用the moment表示，这句话还可以转换为： The moment I got home,it began to rain. =I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. =I had hardly got home when/before it began to rain. =I had scarcely got home when/before it began to rain. =No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. =Hardly had I got home when/before it began to rain. =Scarcely had I got home when/before it began to rain. 补充：“on+名词/doing”结构也相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。 Please report to reception on arrival.到达后请立即到接待处报到。 On arriving home,he discovered they had gone.他一到家就发现他们已经走了。 五.whenever和no matter when等 whenever相当于no matter when，意思是“无论什么时候”；every time/each time的意思是“每次”。 Whenever I visited him,he was not at home.我无论何时拜访他，他都不在家。 =No matter when I visited him,he was not at home. Whenever I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home.每次到天津我都要去拜访我的老师。 =No matter when I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home. =I call at my teacher’s home each time I come up to Tianjin. Whenever I see this picture,I think of my hometown. 无论什么时候我看到这幅图片，我都会想起我的家乡。 =No matter when I see this picture,I think of my hometown. =Each/Every time I see this picture,I think of my hometown. 初中试题 1．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）Tom didn’t go to bed ________ his mother came back last night. A．until B．if C．because D．unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆直到他妈妈昨晚回来才上床睡觉。 考查连词辨析。until直到；if如果；because因为；unless除非。分析句子可知，此处指汤姆直到妈妈回来才上床睡觉。not…until…“直到……才……”。故选A。 2．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）You will never truly understand your parents’ great love ______ you grow up. A．until B．if C．since D．as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：直到你长大，你才会真正理解父母之爱有多伟大。 考查连词辨析。until直到；if如果；since既然；as随着。根据“You will never truly understand your parents’ great love…you grow up”可知，直到长大才会理解父母的爱，故选A。 3．（2023·甘肃武威·中考真题）Let’s wait ________ the rain stops. A．so B．while C．since D．until 【答案】D 【详解】句意：让我们等雨停。 考查连词辨析。so因此；while然而；since自从；until直到……。根据“Let’s wait … the rain stops.”可知，此处指等着直到雨停，用until引导时间状语从句。故选D。 4．（2022·吉林长春·中考真题）I didn’t understand my mom’s love ________ we had a long talk. A．until B．if C．since D．because 【答案】A 【详解】句意：直到我们进行了一次长谈，我才明白了妈妈的爱。 考查连词辨析。until直到；if如果；since自从；because因为。根据“I didn’t understand my mom’s love … we had a long talk”可知，此处用not…until表示“直到……才”，故选A。 5．（2015·山东泰安·中考真题）— Would you please give this newly-published novel to Jack?   — Certainly, ________ he comes back. A．before B．unless C．until D．as soon as 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——请你把这本新出版的小说给杰克好吗？——当然，他一回来就给他。 考查连词辨析。before在……之前；unless除非；until直到；as soon as—……就……。根据题干中Certainly可知，说话人同意对方的请求，杰克一回来，他就会把这本新出版的小说给他，所以此处应用as soon as，引导时间状语从句。故选D。 高中试题 1．Taiping Kowkui. Every spring foggy days moisten the emerald hillsides, villagers know their harvest will come. 【答案】when 【详解】考查连词。句意：每年春天，当雾气笼罩着翠绿的山坡时，村民们知道他们的收成就要到来了。根据句意可知，此处为连词when“当……时候”引导的时间状语从句，满足句意要求。故填when。 2．“ my meal dazi doesn’t go to school someday, I’ll not be so sad for the rest of the day.” said Shi Zhimin, a 17-year-old student from Shanxi province. 【答案】If/When 【详解】考查连接词。句意：“如果/当有一天我的饭搭子没来上学，我这一天其余的时候也不会很难过。”来自山西的17岁学生石志敏说。根据“my meal dazi doesn’t go to school someday”和“I’ll not be so sad for the rest of the day”可知，此处是指如果/当有一天饭搭子没来上学，所以应用连词if表示“如果”引导条件状语从句或when表示“当……时”引导时间状语从句。句首首字母应大写。故填If或When。 3．The carving of fine details was completed the arms were attached. 【答案】before 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：在手臂连接之前，精细的细节雕刻已经完成。空处引导时间状语从句，根据“the arms were attached(手臂连接)”可知，此处表达“在手臂连接之前”之意，应用before引导时间状语从句。故填before。 4．John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job. 【答案】before 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：约翰认为不久他就能为新工作做好准备了。此处为固定句型“it won’t be long before + 从句”，意为“不久之后就……”，其中before引导时间状语从句，表示“在…… 之前”。故填before。 5．I was informed that it will be eight months a rescue mission arrives from Earth. 【答案】before 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我被告知，要过八个月才会有来自地球的救援任务抵达。it will be + 时间段 + before...表示“要过多久才……”，故空处应用before引导时间状语从句。故填before。 6．No sooner had I begun to understand how British people communicate it was time to head back home. 【答案】than 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我刚开始了解英国人如何交流，就到了回家的时间了。根据“No sooner had I begun to understand how British people communicate”可知，此处为固定句型“no sooner...than...”，表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。故填than。 7． instant I heard the voice, I knew my father was coming. 【答案】The 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：我一听到那个声音，就知道父亲要来了。根据instant可知，表示 “一……就……”用the instant，引导时间状语从句，句首单词，首字母大写。故填The。 8．No sooner had she took off the dark glasses I recognized her. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】than 【详解】考查状语从句固定句型。句意：她一摘下墨镜，我就认出她来了。no sooner...than...为固定句型，意为“一……就……”，no sooner后为主句，than后为时间状语从句。故填than。 9． the lights are red, the traffic must stop. 【答案】When 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：红灯亮时，车辆必须停下。根据the lights are red可知，此处表示 “当…… 时候”，用when，引导引导时间状语从句，句首单词，首字母大写。故填When。 10．I have worked in this school I graduated from Peking University. 【答案】since 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：自从我从北京大学毕业后，我就一直在这所学校工作。此处表示“自从……以来”，用since，引导时间状语从句。故填since。 ( 地点状语从句解析 ) 地点状语从句表示地点、方位，通常由连词where和复合关系词wherever（相当于no matter where）引导。 一.where where作连词引导地点状语从句时，意思是“在/向……的地方”。 You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。 You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.哪儿有问题，你就在哪儿做个记号。 =Where you have any questions,you’d better make a mark. We must camp where we can get water.我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。 Where they went,they were warmly welcomed.他们走到哪里都受到热烈的欢迎。 比较：where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的区别 引导定语从句时，where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词，where引导的从句修饰先行词。引导状语从句时，where是从属连词，它引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词，where前面没有表示地点的先行词。 Bamboo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often. =Bamboo grows best where it is warm and where it rains often. （where引导定语从句，引导地点状语从句。） 温暖而多雨的地方最适合于竹子生长。 有时，where引导的地点状语从句兼有抽象条件含义，可放在主句的前面；而where引导的定语从句则不能放在主句的前面。 Where there is water,there is life.有水的地方就有生命。（where引导地点状语从句。） 二.wherever wherever相当于no matter where，意思是“无论到哪里，无论在哪里”。wherever引导的地点状语从句多位于句首。 Wherever he goes,he always takes a notebook with him.无论走到哪里，他总是带着一个笔记本。 Wherever there is smoke,there is fire.无风不起浪。 Wherever he may be,he will be happy.无论在什么地方，他都会快乐的。 =No matter where he may be,he will be happy. 高中试题 1．Located the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：坐落于一带一路的交汇点，江苏将为一带一路建设作出更大的贡献。引导地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”用where。故填where。 2．Don't put the sharp knife little kids can get it. 【答案】where 3．Huang excelled and made substantial contributions to his country. 【答案】where he was working 【详解】考查状语从句和时态。句意：黄先生在他工作的地方表现出色，为他的国家做出了重大贡献。根据空后的“made substantial contributions to his country”以及语意可知，空格处应用where引导的地点状语从句来表达“黄先生在他的工作上（工作的地方）很出色”之意；主句时态为一般过去时，结合语境“他当时正在工作的地方；他当时正在做的工作的上”可知，从句时态应用过去进行时，且从句主语为he，所以进行时中用was。故填where he was working。 4．He always parks his car he can see it from the window, just to make sure it’s safe. 【答案】where 【详解】考查连接副词。句意：他总是把车停在他能从窗户看到的地方，只是为了确保安全。 he can see it from the window是地点状语从句，空格处应该填入一个连接词引导从句，且意义为“（在）……的地方”，所以应该用连接副词where。故填where。 5．Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity others saw only disaster. 【答案】where 【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：在其他人只看到灾难的地方，穆罕默德・雷兹万看到了机遇。分析句子结构可知，“Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity”是主句，空处引导从句，且从句不缺少主要成分，需表明主句中“saw opportunity” 这个动作发生的“地点”，并非实际的地理位置，而是一种抽象的情境，应用where来引导这个状语从句，表示“在……的地方”。故填where。 6．You may park your car there is a parking sign. 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：你可以把车停在有停车标志的地方。此处引导地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”用where。故填where。 7．It is a good idea to put your goals you can see them. 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：把你的目标放在你能看到的地方是个好主意。此处引导状语从句，结合句意可知，此处表示地点，应用连接副词where引导地点状语从句。故填where。 8．——Mom, what did your doctor say?——He advised me to live the air is fresher. 【答案】where 【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：——妈妈，你的医生说了什么？——他建议我住在空气新鲜的地方。由live可知，句子表示“他建议我住在空气新鲜的地方”，空格处用where引导地点状语从句，故填where。 9．She was looking for her bicycle key she thought she might have put it. 【答案】wherever 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：她在找她的自行车钥匙，她觉得钥匙可能放在什么地方了。引导地点状语从句，表示“无论哪里，在任何地方”应用wherever。故填wherever。 10．Children should be instructed to put things they belong in the early childhood. 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：应该教导孩子们在童年早期就把东西放在该放的地方。此处引导地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”应用where。故填where。 ( 原因状语从句解析 ) 原因状语从句常用的引导词 because因为 since既然 now that既然 as由于 seeing (that)由于，因为，鉴于 considering (that)考虑到，鉴于 一.because because的意思是“因为”，表示直接原因，语气最重，常用来回答why（为什么）引导的特殊疑问句。 A:Why were you late for school this morning?你今天早晨上学为什么迟到了？ B:Because I got up late.因为我起床晚了。 I want to do it myself because I like it.我想亲自做这件事，因为我喜欢它。 （正）He is disappointed because he failed again.因为他又失败了，所以他感到失望。 （误）So he is disappointed because he failed again. 切记：尽管在汉语中“因为……，所以……”常一起使用，但在英语中because不能和so连用。 The museum won’t be open this week because it is under repairs.博物馆本周不开放，因为他正在修缮中。 二.since since的意思是“既然”，表示对方已知道的事实和理由，语气比because弱。 Since you’re not interested,I won’t tell you about.既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。 Since no one is against it,we’ll pass it.既然没人反对，那我们就通过了。 Since you can’t answer the question,I’ll ask someone else.既然你回答不出这个问题，那我就问别人了。 三.as as的意思是“由于”，表示较为明显的原因，语气较弱。 As it is snowing,you’d better take a taxi.下雪了，你最好乘出租车。 As you request it,I will come.由于你的要求，所以我会来。（语气较缓和） =I’ll come because you request it.（语气很强） As she had no car,she stayed at home.她因为没车而留在家里。（语气较缓和） =She stayed at home because she had no car.（语气很强） 比较：because，since，as和for的区别 都可译为“因为”，但在语气上，because最重，其次是since，as，for。 because，since，as都是从属连词。而for是一个并列连词，用来附带解释说明前一分句的原因或理由，for引导的并列句，一般放在所要说明的句子的后面。 because引导的原因状语从句一般放主句后面，也可放主句前面；since和as引导的从句则通常位于句首；for不能位于句首，只能置于句中，且前面要用逗号与前一分句分开。 I went to see him,for I had something to tell him.我去见他，因为我有事要告诉他。 四.now what，seeing that和considering that now that的意思是“既然”，seeing that的意思是“由于，因为，鉴于”，considering that的意思是“考虑到，鉴于”。 Now that they have taken matters into their hands,the pace of events has quickened. 他们既然已着手自己来处理问题，事态的进展也就加快了。 Now that you are a man,you must not do such a thing.既然你是个男子汉，就不要做这样的事了。 Now that you are well,you can work.既然你已经好了，你可以工作了。 Seeing that he’s been off sick all week,he is unlikely to come today. 由于他请病假整整一周了，所以今天不太可能来。 She knows quite a lot about it,considering (that) she is very young.鉴于她年龄小，她懂得的已经很多了。 初中试题 1．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）________ over 400 million adults are too heavy, China has made a plan to help its people with weight control. A．Since B．Unless C．Though D．Until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：因为超过4亿成年人体重超标，中国制定了一个计划来帮助人们控制体重。 考查从属连词辨析。Since因为；Unless除非；Though尽管；Until直到。根据“over 400 million adults are too heavy”可知，“超过4亿成年人体重超标”是“制定计划来帮助人们控制体重”的原因，用since引导原因状语从句。故选A。 2．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）It’s important to keep learning about new ideas and technology ________ the world changes so fast. A．so B．or C．since D．unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：世界变化如此之快，不断学习新思想和新技术是很重要的。 考查连词辨析。so所以；or或者；since因为；unless除非。“the world changes so fast”是“It’s important to keep learning about new ideas and technology”的原因，用since引导原因状语从句，故选C。 3．（2024·四川·中考真题）—Why are you late for class? —________ my alarm clock didn’t go off this morning. A．So B．Because C．However D．Unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你为什么上课迟到？——因为我的闹钟今天早上没有响。 考查连词辨析。so所以；because因为；however然而；unless除非。根据“Why are you late for class?”可知此处回答原因，用because。故选B。 4．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Many students lose marks simply ________ they do not read the questions carefully. A．unless B．so C．before D．because 【答案】D 【详解】句意：许多学生丢分仅仅是因为他们没有仔细阅读问题。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；so因此；before在……之前；because因为。分析句子可知，学生丢分的原因是没有仔细阅读问题，后者表原因，应用because连接，引导原因状语从句。故选D。 5．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）Our school life is more interesting now _________ we can enjoy ourselves in different clubs. A．because B．whether C．unless D．although 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的学校生活现在更有趣了，因为我们可以在不同的俱乐部玩得很开心。 考查连词辨析。because因为；whether是否；unless除非；although尽管。分析句子可知，学校生活更有趣的原因是可以在不同的俱乐部玩得开心，前后文之间是因果关系，后文表示原因，应用because连接。故选A。 高中试题 1．This is obvious Man City lost the two Premier League matches which De Bruyne didn’t participate in, scoring none, and it was De Bruyne himself contributing a whole lot to save Man City from being slashed by Real Madrid. 【答案】because 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：这是显而易见的，因为曼城输掉了德布鲁因没有参加的两场英超比赛，一球未进，而正是德布鲁因自己为拯救曼城而做出了很大的贡献。空处引导状语从句，表示原因用because。故填because。 2．I think it’s better to give it a second thought so many of us consider it a risk. 【答案】because/since/as/for 【详解】考查连词。句意：我认为最好再考虑一下，因为我们这么多人都认为这有风险。空格处应填连词，结合句意可知，“so many of us consider it a risk”是“it’s better to give it a second thought”的原因，所以应用because或since或as或for引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”'。故填because/since/as/for。 3．Mark needs to learn Chinese his company is opening a branch in Beijing. 【答案】because/since/as 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：马克需要学习中文，因为他的公司正在北京开设一家分公司。后半句“his company is opening a branch in Beijing(他的公司正在北京开设分公司)”是前半句“Mark needs to learn Chinese(马克需要学习中文)”的原因，此处需用连接词引导原因状语从句，because、since、as 均可表示 “因为”，引导原因状语从句，故填because/since/as。 4． (give) that they lack experience, they have done a good job. 【答案】Given 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们已经做得很好了。given that“考虑到，鉴于”，引导原因状语从句，首字母应大写，故填Given。 5． it is a small-scale project or a large-scale one, the team always performs well, it can gather the wisdom of all members and make full use of various resources. 【答案】 Whether as 6．I did that she told me to. 【答案】because 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：我那样做是因为她让我那样做。本空表示“因为”，用because，引导原因状语从句。故填because。 7．Be careful you deal with this chemical, it will explode when (expose) to sunlight. 【答案】 when as/ because/ for exposed; 8． everyone is here, let's begin our class. 【答案】Since 9．We listened eagerly, he brought news of our families. 【答案】for 【详解】考查连词。句意：我们急切地听着，因为他带来了我们家人的消息。分析句子结构，设空处需要一个连词来连接两个句子，表示原因，补充说明主句，故填for。 10． you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I thought this festival would be a worthwhile experience for you. 【答案】Now that 【详解】考查连词。句意：既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我想这个节日对你来说是一次值得的经历。根据句意可知，表示 “既然”用now that引导原因状语从句，首字母大写。故填Now that。 ( 条件状语从句解析 ) 条件状语从句常用的引导词 in case万一 unless除非 as/so long as只要 if如果 provided (that)如果 providing (that)如果 suppose (that)如果 supposing (that)如果 on condition (that)如果 一.if和unless if的意思是“如果”。unless的意思则是“除非……；如果不……”，相当于if...not...，有时二者可以换用。 If you have any questions or comments,you can voice them now. 你们如果有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。 If we interfere with nature,we will have to deal with the consequences. 如果我们干预自然，我们将不得不应付后果。 If you don’t eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 如果你不吃肉，那这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 =Unless you eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 除非你吃肉，否则这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 If you don’t visit him tomorrow,he will be angry.如果你明天不去看他，他会生气的。 =Unless you visit him tomorrow,he’ll be angry.除非你明天去看他，否则他就会生气的。 二.in case in case的意思是“万一，以防”，常用来引导条件状语从句。 Take a coat in case the weather turns old.带上一件外衣吧，以防天气转冷了。 Take some money with you in case you want to buy something.带上些钱，万一你想要买一些东西呢。 Take a taxi in case you are late for the meeting.坐出租车去，免得开会迟到。 I’ll leave you my phone number in case you want to contact me.我把我的电话号码留给你，万一你要和我联系呢。 You’d better be ready in case he comes.你最好有所准备，万一他来呢。 比较：“in case+从句”和“in case of+名词”都表示“以防，万一”。 They won’t be able to go to the park in case it rains. =In case of rain they can’t go to the park.万一下雨，他们就不能去公园了。 in that case意为“如果是那样的话”。 In that case,he would be punished.要是情况如此，他将会受到惩罚。 （表示假设条件，he would be punished是虚拟语气。） Will Li Ming attend the party?In that case,I won’t attend it.李明会参加聚会吗？若是那样的话，我就不参加了。 三.as long as和so long as as long as和so long as的意思都是“只要”。 I’m sure we are safe as long as (we are) in his care.我深信只要在他的保护下，我们就会平安无事。 He will surely finish the job on time as long as he’s left to do it in his own way.只要让他用自己的方式工作，他一定会按时完成这项工作的。 As/So long as we don’t lose heart,we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.只要我们不灰心，我们就能找到克服困难的办法。 You can go to see the film as/so long as you arrive at the cinema on time.你可以去看这场电影，只要你能按时到达电影院。 补充：as long as还可以作“……之久”讲。 Keep it as long as you can.你能把它保留多久，就保留多久。 四.provided (that)和supposing (that)等 条件状语从句还可以由provided (that)，providing (that)，suppose (that)，supposing (that)，on condition (that)等引导。 We shall sign the contract provided (that) there is no opposition.如果没有反对意见，我们就在合同上签字。 He won’t be against us in the meeting provided (that) we ask for his advice in advance.如果我们提前征求一下他的意见，他就不会在会上反对我们。 Providing there is no objection,we shall make a decision.如果没人反对，我们就决定了。 Suppose we offer more favourable terms,they will choose to cooperate with us.假如我们提供更优惠的条件，他们会选择与我们合作。 Supposing it rains,shall we visit the museum?倘若下雨，我们还去参观博物馆吗？ I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.我可以告诉你真相，条件是你答应保守秘密。 五.条件状语从句的时态 在运用条件状语从句的时候，一定要注意主句和从句在时态上的一致。 A.主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时 和时间状语从句一样，条件状语从句的时态也要注意和主句时态保持一致。大多数情况下，主句如果是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时来表示，有时也可以用现在进行时和现在完成时。 He’ll be a doctor when he finishes studying here.他结束在这儿的学习之后，将会成为一名医生。 （时间状语从句） If it doesn’t rain tomorrow,we’ll start.明天如果不下雨，我们就出发。（条件状语从句） If you understand this rule,you will have no further difficulty.（条件状语从句）你如果/一旦了解这个规则，就不会再有困难。 说明：有时可用once或as soon as代替if。 Once/As soon as you understand this rule,you will have no further difficulty. B.有时主句中用祈使句和情态动词来替代将来时态 If you get the book,let me know.如果你弄到了那本书，告诉我一声。（祈使句） If you drink,don’t drive.如果你喝了酒，千万别开车。（祈使句） If he feels like seeing the sights of the city,he can take a bus tour.（情态动词） 如果他想看城市风光，他可以坐城市观光车。 If you like,you can stay here for the weekend.如果你愿意就留在这里过周末吧。（情态动词） C.如果主句谓语动词是want，hope等词，则条件状语从句用一般现在时 What do you want to do if you have much money?如果你有很多钱，你想要做什么？ I hope to see her if I’m free.如果我有空，我希望去看看她。 D.在有些句子中，主、从句都可用一般现在时 If you ring this number,no one answers.如果你打这个电话号码，不会有人接。 If you press the switch,the computer comes on.如果你按这个开关，计算机就会启动。 注意：有时if引导的从句也可以用will，但will表示意愿。 If you will go into the fields and turn over a few big stones,you will uncover a city of ant “people”.如果你愿意到田野里去翻开几块大石头，你准会揭开一个蚁“民”的城市。 If you’ll just wait a moment,I’ll find someone to help you.如果你愿意等一会儿，我会找人来帮助你。 If you won’t go,you needn’t/won’t go.如果你不愿意去，那就不必去。 初中试题 1．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Technology can be of great help ________ we make an effort to control it and use it right. A．if B．before C．though D．until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果我们努力控制它并正确使用它，技术可以提供很大的帮助。 考查连词辨析。if如果；before在……之前；though虽然；until直到。分析句子可知，后句是前句的条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 2．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）If you are lazy in spring, you ________ nothing in autumn. A．harvested B．will harvest C．are harvesting D．have harvested 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你在春天懒惰，秋天你将一无所获。 考查动词时态。If引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，主句需用一般将来时，其谓语动词结构为“will do”。故选B。 3．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）________ you are too tired to do all the things on your To-Do list, try a To-Don’t list. A．If B．Until C．Although D．Unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你太累了，无法完成待办事项清单上的所有事情，试着列一张勿做事项清单。 考查连词辨析。If如果；Until直到；Although尽管；Unless除非。分析句子可知，此处指如果完成待办事项清单上的所有事情感到很累，可以列一张“勿做”清单，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 4．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）Everything is possible ________ you work hard. A．as much as B．as soon as C．as long as D．as far as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：只要你努力工作，一切皆有可能。 考查词汇辨析。as much as多达；as soon as一……就……；as long as只要；as far as就……而言。分析句子可知，此处指只要努力，一切皆有可能，应用as long as连接，引导条件状语从句。故选C。 5．（2023·安徽·中考真题）Our country will be much better for everyone in future ________ we all do something to help now. A．if B．before C．so that D．even though 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果我们现在都做些什么来帮助大家，我们的国家在未来会更好。 考查连词辨析。if如果；before在之前；so that以便；even though即使。根据“Our country will be much better for everyone in future … we all do something to help now”可知，空格后是前半句的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句，故选A。 高中试题 1． This plan can be successful the resources are allocated properly and there are measures in place （ensure） that all team members cooperate effectively. 【答案】 if to ensure 2． (suppose) that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. 【答案】Supposing 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：假设没有反对意见的话，我们就在这里召开会议。引导条件状语从句，表示“假设”用supposing，首字母大写。故填Supposing。 3．I can lend you my bike condition that you must return it before Friday. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词固定搭配。句意：我可以把自行车借给你，条件是你必须在周五前归还。“on condition that”为固定短语，意为“在……条件下；如果”，用于引导条件状语从句，符合“借车”与“按时归还”的条件关系。故填on。 4．You will really get into trouble (provide) that you can’t show enough evidence to the police. 【答案】provided 【详解】考查条件状语从句和固定短语。句意：如果你不能向警方提供足够的证据，你真的会陷入麻烦。根据空前will really get和空后can’t show可知，空处需填连词，引导条件状语从句，固定短语“provided that”，意为“如果”或“条件是”。故填provided。 5．We will give you a good price you are thinking of buying it. 【答案】if 【详解】考查连词。句意：如果你正考虑购买它，我们会给你一个好价格。根据空前will give和空后are thinking可知，空处需填连词if，引导条件状语从句，表示“如果，假如”。故填if。 6． (give) that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it is also (popular) sport out of this world! 【答案】 Given the most popular 【详解】考查条件状语从句以及形容词最高级。句意：考虑到尼尔·阿姆斯特朗想带一个足球去月球，我们甚至可以说它也是这个星球之外最受欢迎的运动！given that“考虑到，鉴于”，引导条件状语从句，符合题意，句子第一个单词首字母大写，所以填Given。第二空，根据比较范围out of this world可知，此处表示“最受欢迎的”，应用形容词最高级most popular，而最高级前面需要加定冠词the，所以填the most popular。故填①Given②the most popular。 7．如果你努力学习的话, 通过这次考试是有可能的。（it is possible for sb to do sth）(汉译英) 【答案】It is possible for you to pass the exam if you study hard. 【详解】考查固定句型、条件状语从句和时态。句子为主从复合句，其中“如果你努力学习的话”是if引导的条件状语从句，“你”翻译为you，“努力学习”是study hard，从句用一般现在时表将来；“通过这次考试是有可能的”是主句，使用固定句型“it is possible for sb to do sth”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式，“通过这次考试”翻译为pass the exam。句首单词首字母大写。故翻译为：It is possible for you to pass the exam if you study hard. 8．Get up early tomorrow. , you will not catch the first bus. 明天早点起床，如果不早起的话，你就赶不上第一班公交车。 【答案】If not 【详解】考查固定句型。“如果不早起的话”可以用if引导的条件状语从句表示，if you don’t get up early，为了避免重复，通常用not代替从句中的否定的内容，即if not。故填If not。 9．如果天气允许的话, 明天我们就去野餐。 , we will have a picnic tomorrow. 【答案】If weather permits/Weather permitting 【详解】考查状语从句和独立主格。“如果天气允许的话”可以用if引导的条件状语从句表示；“天气”用名词weather，作主语；“允许”用动词permit，作谓语，根据主句的一般将来时，从句中用一般现在时表示将来，主语是weather，谓语动词用单数形式，条件状语从句翻译为if weather permits。“如果天气允许的话”也可以用独立主格表示，逻辑主语weather与动词permit之间是主动关系，所以用“逻辑主语+现在分词”构成的独立主格，表示为weather permitting。故填If weather permits/Weather permitting。 10． (只要) you have determination, you can do anything in this world. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】As long as 【详解】考查条件状语从句连词。句意：只要你下定决心，你就能在这个世界上做任何事情。中文“只要”对应英语的 as long as，在这里引导条件状语从句。句首单词首字母大写，故填As long as。 ( 目的结果状语从句解析 ) 目的状语从句常用的引导词 结果状语从句常用的引导词 that，so that，in order that (so) that，(so...) that，(such...) that， (so much/many...) that 一.so that so that的意思是“目的是……；结果……”，既可以引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时，从句的谓语里常有can，could，may，might，will，would等情态动词。而引导结果状语从句时，则通常没有情态动词。 比较：The little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present on Mother’s Day. 小男孩把一枚枚硬币积攒起来，为的是能在母亲节给妈妈买一份礼物。（目的） The little boy saved every coin so that he bought his mother a present on Mother’s Day. 小男孩把一枚枚硬币积攒起来，在母亲节那天给妈妈买了一份礼物。（结果） 比较：He always studies hard so that me may make great progress.他总是努力地学习，这样他才会取得很大的进步。（目的） He always studied hard so that he made great progress.他总是努力地学习，结果他取得了很大的进步。（结果） 二.in order that in order that的意思是“以便……，为了……”。in order that和so that表示目的时一样，从句的谓语动词里常有can，could，may，might，will，would等情态动词。 She raised her voice in order that she might be heard.她把声音抬高以便与别人听见。 =She raised her voice so that she might be heard. in order that和so that与不定式in order to，so as to以及to表示目的时表达的意思一样，不过不定式表示目的时，句子是简单句。因此上一句还可表示为： She raised her voice so as to be heard. In order to be heard she raised her voice. She raised her voice in order to be heard. To be heard she raised her voice. She raised her voice to be heard. 比较：so as to不能位于句首；in order to和to的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首或句中。 三.so...that和such...that so...that和such...that的意思都是“如此……以至”，二者皆可引导结果状语从句，且含义相同，但用法有一定的区别。 句型：so+形容词/副词+that When the football fans saw Beckham,they got so excited that they cried out. 当球迷们看到贝克汉姆的时候，他们如此激动以至于大喊大叫。 He was so ill that we had to send for a doctor.他病得很重，我们只好给他请医生了。 He was injured so badly that he had to be sent to the hospital.他伤势很重，不得不送医院。 =So badly was he injured that he had to be sent to the hospital. 切记：当so位于句首时，主句的主谓要倒装。 The novel was so boring that he gave up reading it half way through. =So boring was the novel that he gave up reading it half way through.这本小说非常乏味，他读了一半就不读了。 David was so careless that he didn’t find the mistakes in his test paper. =David was too careless to find the mistakes in his test paper.戴维太粗心了，没发现他试卷中的错误。 She was so exhausted that she couldn’t move on. =She was too exhausted to move on.她疲惫得无法继续前进。 说明：如果so...that引导的结果状语从句是否定句，也可以用too...to...来表达相同的意思。 句型：such+a/an（+形容词）+单数可数名词+that =so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that It gave him such a shock that his face turned white.这使他如此震惊以至于他的脸色都变白了。 This is such a useful dictionary that I’m thinking of buying it. =This is so useful a dictionary that I’m thinking of buying it.这本字典很有用，我正打算买一本。 He is such a clever boy that all the teachers like him. =He is so clever a boy that all the teachers like him.他是如此聪明的一个男孩，所有的老师都喜欢他。 It was such an interesting film that I saw it twice. =It was so interesting a film that I saw it twice.这是一部很有意思的电影，我看了两次。 句型：such（+形容词）+不可数名词+that This book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.这本书是用浅易的英语写的，初学者都可以读懂。 He showed such concern that people took him to be a friend.他表现得如此关心以至于人们都把他当作朋友了。 （正）It’s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. （误）It’s so nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. 多么好的天气啊！我们大家都想去公园玩。 注意：当不可数名词的前面有形容词much，little修饰时，要用so，而不用such。句型为“so+much/little+不可数名词+that”。 Such a little boy has so little difficulty in working out this difficult problem that I admire him very much.这样小的一个男孩解这道题所遇到的困难是如此之少，以至于我很羡慕他。 （第一个little意为“小”，因此前面用such修饰；第二个little意为“少”，因此前面用so修饰。） He had so much work to do that he had to work late into the night.他有那么多工作要做，不得不工作到深夜。 句型：such（+形容词）+复数可数名词+that They are such difficult problems that I don’t know how to settle them.这些问题是如此复杂，以至于我不知道如何解决。 He made such a lot of mistakes in his maths exercises that he had to do them all over.他做错了如此多的数学题，以至于不得不全部重新做。 （正）They are such fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. （误）They are so fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. 他们是非常好的老师，我们对他们极为尊敬。 注意：当可数名词前有形容词many，few修饰时，要用so，而不用such。句型为“so+many/few+复数可数名词+that”。 There are so few notebooks that I can’t give you any.笔记本太少了，我一本也给不了你。 There are so many kinds of bikes on sale at the market that I cannot make up my mind which to buy.市场上出售的自行车种类很多，我拿不定主意要买哪一种。 初中试题 1．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）Our teacher asks us to read newspapers every day ________ we can find out what’s going on around the world. A．so that B．even though C．in order to D．as soon as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的老师让我们每天读报，这样我们就可以了解世界各地发生了什么。 考查连词辨析。so that以便于；even though即使；in order to为了；as soon as一……就。“Our teacher asks us to read newspapers every day”的目的是“we can find out what’s going on around the world.”，且空后是从句，用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。 2．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）Let’s take the simple steps today ________ we will save the world for our grandsons and granddaughters tomorrow. A．unless B．until C．so that D．though 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们从今天开始采取一些措施吧，这样我们将会为我们的后代子孙拯救世界。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；until直到；so that以便；though尽管。分析句子可知，我们现在采取行动的目的是为了我们的后代，故用so that引导目的状语从句。故选C。 3．（2020·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）Aunt Lucy put the plant near the window __________ it could get enough sunlight. A．as if B．even though C．as long as D．so that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：露西阿姨把植物放在窗边，以便它可以得到足够的光照。 考查目的状语从句。as if 好像，引导方式状语从句；even though 尽管，引导让步状语从句；as long as 只要，引导条件状语从句；so that 以便，引导目的状语从句。“it could get enough sunlight”是“put the plant near the window”的目的，植物在窗边能够得到足够的光照，故选D。 4．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）The city Zibo is ________ popular ________ many people want to go there for a trip this year. A．so, that B．such, that C．too, to D．very, that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：淄博一个如此受欢迎的城市以至于今年许多人想去那里旅行。 考查主从复合句。so...that如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句，so后面用形容词或副词；such...that如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句，such后面用名词；too...to...太……而不能……， to后面用动词原形：very...that形式错误，没有这种用法。根据形容词“popular”和从句“many people want to go there for a trip this year”可知此句需用so+形容词原形+that引导的结果状语从句。故选A。 5．（2022·西藏·中考真题）Gu Ailing worked ________ hard ________ she got excellent achievements at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. A．not only … but also B．such ... that C．not ... until D．so … that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：谷爱凌非常努力，在北京2022年冬奥会上取得了优异的成绩。 考查短语辨析。not only…but also不但……而且……；such... that如此……以至于……；not... until直到……才；so…that如此……以至于……。根据“hard”可知，是副词，用so修饰，故选D。 高中试题 1．You’d better take some food with you case you will be hungry on the train. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：你最好带些食物，以防在火车上饿。根据空前You’d和空后will be可知，空处应用介词in，构成短语in case，意为“以防，万一”，引导目的状语从句。故填in。 2．He worked day and night order that he could succeed. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词和状语从句。句意：他日夜工作，为的是能够成功。“in order that”是固定短语，意为“为了，以便”，用于引导目的状语从句。故填in。 3．He must get up early that he can go to work on time. 【答案】so 【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：他必须早起，以便能按时上班。前面所描述的行为（早起）是为了达到后面的结果（能按时上班），此处引导目的状语从句，表示“以便，为了”，用so that...，引导目的状语从句。故填so。 4．The doctor shares his phone number with the patients case they need medical assistance. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：医生把他的电话号码告诉了病人，以防他们需要医疗救助。in case“以防，以防万一”，固定短语，引导目的状语从句。故填in。 5．My mother was so touched by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier (收银员) a five-dollar bill to keep on hand case the same happened to someone else if they didn’t have enough money for all of their groceries. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：我妈妈被她的举动感动了，她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防别人没有足够的钱买所有的杂货时也会发生同样的事情。in case“以防；以防万一”，固定短语，引导目的状语从句，故填in。 6．With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time. 【答案】so 【详解】考查连词。句意：凭借他们的预见能力，他们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的火车能够及时做出反应。本句为so that引导的目的状语从句。故填 so that。 7．Dad brought a notebook along to the beach, case he was seized by sudden inspiration. 【答案】in 【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：爸爸去海滩时带了一本笔记本，以防他突然来了灵感。此处为in case引导目的状语从句，in case意为“以防，以备”符合句意。故填in。 8．Come a little bit closer that you can get a better view. 【答案】so 【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：再靠近一点儿，以便你能看得更清楚。根据句子前后逻辑关系可知，“Come a little bit closer”的目的是“you can get a better view”，所以空处需要填入一个引导目的状语从句的连词。结合空后that可知，空处应填so，so that意为“以便；为了”，引导目的状语从句，符合此处语境。故填so。 9．They may be able to help with childcare that you can have a break. 【答案】so 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：他们可能会帮忙照顾孩子，这样你就可以休息一下了。引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”应用so that。故填so。 10．You’d better know some first aid methods in case something unexpected (happen). 【答案】happens 【详解】考查时态。句意：你最好知道一些急救方法以防不测之事发生。根据空前in case可知，空处为in case引导的状语从句的谓语动词，用一般现在时来描述未来可能发生的动作，主语为something unexpected，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式happens。故填happens。 11．He roared so loudly all the children were almost scared to death. 【答案】that 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：他吼得那么大声，所有的孩子都吓死了。so...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以致于……”，因此空格处是that。故填that。 12．We have much time that we can finish the work very well. 【答案】so 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我们有如此多的时间，以至于能很好地完成这项工作。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，so修饰形容词或副词，此处修饰much，符合该结构。故填so。 13．She is such a lovely girl we love her very much. 【答案】that 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：她是如此可爱的一个女孩，以至于我们都很爱她。根据空前的such可知，表示“如此……以至于……”用such...that...，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 14．Pahlsson screamed loudly that her daughter came (run) from the house. 【答案】 so running 【详解】考查结果状语从句和非谓语动词。句意：帕尔森尖叫得如此大声，以至于她的女儿从房子里跑了出来。分析句子可知，第一空应用so修饰副词loudly，构成固定句型so...that...，意为“如此…… 以至于……”；该句第二空come running是一种常用的表达方式，“running”在这里是现在分词作伴随状语，表示“跑着过来”，强调女儿过来时的状态。故分别填so；running。 15．The Great Wall is well-known a tourist attraction that lots of tourists visit the city every year. 【答案】so 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：长城是如此著名的一个旅游景点，以至于每年都有很多游客来这座城市参观。“so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that...”为固定句型。so... that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。 故填so。 16．The Great Wall is a well-known tourist attraction that lots of tourists visit the city every year. 【答案】such 【详解】考查短语。句意：长城是一个著名的旅游景点，每年都有许多游客来参观。such…that…引导结果状语从句，空处与that构成固定句型。故填such。 17．Before the policy came out, I had much homework that I had no time to go out with my friend. 【答案】so 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：在这项政策出台之前，我有如此多的家庭作业以至于我没有时间和我的朋友出去。根据“much homework”以及“that I had no time to go out with my friend”可知，此处为“so...that...”，引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，该句使用的是“so + much + 不可数名词(homework) + that + 从句”的结构，所以此处应填so。故填so。 18．很显然，这棵树太小了，经受不住暴风雨。(一句多译) (1)  It’s clear that the tree is . (too… to…) (2)  It’s clear that the tree is . (enough to do) (3)  It’s clear that the tree is . (so… that…) 【答案】 too young to stand the storm not old enough to stand the storm so young that it can’t stand the storm 【详解】考查固定短语和状语从句。句中缺少“太小了，经受不住暴风雨”的表达，too ... to ... (太……以至于不能……)，其中to为不定式符号后接动词原形，形容词young (幼小的)，stand the storm (经受住风暴)；adj.+ enough to do sth. (足够……能做某事了)，用其否定形式；so+adj.+that (如此……以至于……)引导结果状语从句，从句主语it，从句谓语用“can’t+动词原形”。故填①too young to stand the storm ②not old enough to stand the storm ③so young that it can’t stand the storm。 19．Yet there was much melancholy and much gentleness spread over all this she gradually adjusted to it. 然而，这一切充满了太多的忧郁和太多的温柔，她渐渐地适应了。 【答案】 so so that 【详解】考查固定搭配。根据句意可知，空格处应该用固定搭配so...that...“如此……以致……”表示；由前两个空格后的much可知，两个空格处都用so，so much melancholy和so much gentleness是并列关系；第三个空格处用that引导结果状语从句。故填so；so；that。 20．他如此专心读书以至于根本没注意到外面在下雨。(so…… that)(汉译英) 【答案】He was so absorbed in his book that he didn’t notice it was raining outside. 【详解】考查状语从句和短语。主句主语为He；表示“专心读书”用短语be absorbed in his book；表示“如此……以至于……”用句式so...that...，引导结果状语从句；表示“注意”用动词notice；分析可知，本句为陈述过去事情，所以用一般过去时。动词notice后接宾语从句，可省略连接词that；从句表示“外面在下雨”，为过去正在发生的事情，用过去进行时，翻译为it was raining outside。故翻译为He was so absorbed in his book that he didn’t notice it was raining outside。 ( 让步状语从句解析 ) 让步状语从句常用的引导词 though/although虽然 no matter+疑问词（who/what/when/which/where/how）无论 even if/even though即使 whoever/whatever/whenever/whichever/wherever/however无论 一.though和although though，although都当“虽然”讲，二者都可与以yet或still连用，但不能与but连用。 Although he was worn out,he (still) kept on working. =Though he was worn out,he (still) kept on working. =He still kept on working though he was worn out. =He was worn out but he still kept on working.他虽然已经筋疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作。 注意：（正）it was not very cold although/though it was snowing.虽下着雪，但并不太冷。 （误）Although/though it was snowing,but it was not very cold. Although he was a child,he knew what was the right thing to do. =Though he was a child,he knew what was the right thing to do. =Child though he was,he knew what was the right thing to do. =Child as he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。 Although you may object,I’ll carry out the experiment. =Though you may object,I’ll carry out the experiment. =Object as you may,I’ll carry out the experiment.纵使你反对，我也要做这项实验。 Although he works hard,he makes little progress. =Though he works hard,he makes little progress. =Hard though he works,he makes little progress. =Hard as he works,he makes little progress.尽管他学习很努力，但几乎没取得什么进步。 说明：此二句采用了倒装语序，在这种倒装句中只能用as或though，不能用although。 二.even if和even though even if相当于even though，意思是“即使，尽管，虽然……也”，其所表达的意思比although更强烈。 We’ll make a trip even if/even though the weather is bad. 即使天气不好，我们也要作一次旅行。 You should try to be nice to him,even though you don’t like him. 即使你不喜欢他，也要尽量对他好些。 Even though/Even if it is raining,I’ll go to work.尽管下着雨，我也要去上班。 比较：even if和even though所引导的状语从句中，动词用虚拟语气时和用陈述语气时表达的意义有所不同。 Even if I were ill,I would attend the meeting.即使我生病了，我也要参加会议。 （虚拟语气，事实上我并没有生病。） Even if I am ill,I will attend the meeting.虽然我生病了，我也要参加会议。 （陈述语气，我现在的确生病了。） 三.“no matter+疑问词”和“疑问词-ever” “no matter+疑问词（who/what/when/where/which/how）”引导让步状语从句时，相当于whoever/whatever/whenever/wherever/whichever/however，它们可以互换，表达的含义是“无论……，不管……都……”。 no matter who=whoever（无论是谁） no matter what=whatever（无论什么） no matter when=whenever（无论何时） no matter where=wherever（无论何地） no matter which=whichever（无论是哪一个） no matter how=however（无论怎样） No matter who you are,you must keep the law. =Whoever you are,you must keep the law.不管你是谁，你都要遵纪守法。 No matter what you do,I will support you. =Whatever you do,I will support you.无论你做什么，我都会支持你。 No matter when she comes,she says the same words. =Whenever she comes,she says the same words.无论她什么时候来，她总是说同样的话。 No matter which you like best,you can have. =You can have whichever you like best.你可以拿你最喜欢的。 No matter how difficult it may be,we will overcome it. =However difficult it may be,we will overcome it.不管多么困难，我们都要克服。 1． different counties and various regions have their own cultures, if we pursue harmony between humanity and nature, there will be no friction and no violence.” said Zhong. 【答案】Although/Though/While 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：Zhong说：“虽然不同的国家、不同的地区有自己的文化，但如果我们追求人与自然的和谐，就不会有摩擦，也不会有暴力。”引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用although、though或while，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 2．To our surprise, much effort has been made, the cause of the accident has not been found out. 【答案】although/though 【详解】考查连词。句意：令我们惊讶的是，虽然已经付出了很多努力，但事故的原因还没有查明。空格处应填连词，结合句意可知，“much effort has been made”和“the cause of the accident has not been found out”之间为转折关系，所以应用although或though引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。故填although/though。 3．One can always manage to do more things, no matter full one’s schedule is in life. 【答案】how 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：一个人总是能设法做更多的事情，不管他生活中的日程安排有多满。此处为“no matter + 连接词”引导的让步状语从句，从句中full为形容词，需用连接词how修饰，构成“no matter how + 形容词”结构，表示“无论多么……”。故填how。 4． small, the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries. 【答案】Though/Although 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然规模不大，但该公司在 30 多个国家拥有约 1000 名客户。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”用though或although，首字母大写；主从句主语一致，状语从句中省略主语和be动词。故填Though/Although。 5．We should give the boy another chance he has made some mistakes. 【答案】even if/though 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管这个男孩犯了一些错误，我们还是应该再给他一次机会。“We should give the boy another chance”（我们应该再给这个男孩一次机会）和 “he has made some mistakes”（他犯了一些错误）之间存在转折关系，even if/though表示“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境，即尽管他犯了错，我们还是应该再给他一次机会。故填even if/though。 6． the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars. 【答案】Although/While/Though 【详解】考查连词。句意：尽管几天内就可以到达月球，但到达火星需要几个月的时间。分析句子可知，前后分句为让步关系，设空处应填连词引导让步状语从句，结合句意“尽管”可知，应用although或while或though，位于句首首字母应大写。故填Although/While/Though。 7． (尽管下大雨), the football match continued as scheduled. 【答案】In spite of the heavy rain/Despite the heavy rain/Though it rained heavily/Although it rained heavily 【详解】考查让步状语从句或固定短语。句意：尽管下着大雨，足球比赛还是如期进行了。表示“尽管”用in spite of/despite，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“大雨”用the heavy rain，作宾语。或者表示“尽管”用though/although，引导让步状语从句，从句中用it指代天气，作从句主语，表示“下大雨”用rain heavily，事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填In spite of the heavy rain/Despite the heavy rain/Though it rained heavily/Although it rained heavily。 8．无论工作多么困难，他都决心完成任务，这些任务包括从简单的数据整理到复杂的方案策划。（分词做状语） the work is, he is determined to complete the tasks, simple data organization to complex plan formulation. 【答案】 No matter how hard ranging from 【详解】考查让步状语从句及非谓语动词。第一空表示“无论……多么困难”可使用no matter how hard引导让步状语从句，注意句首字母大写；第二空需要表示“包括从……到……”，可使用动词短语range from...to...，在句中作状语，与所修饰名词tasks为主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填No matter how hard；ranging from。 9． , he worked late into the night. 虽然他累了，但还是工作到深夜。 【答案】Tired as/ though he was 【详解】考查倒装句和时态。对比中英文句子，空处为“虽然他累了”表示让步关系，使用从属连词though或 as引导从句，且使用倒装句，表语提到句首，“累”译为tired，说明人的感受，由下文的worked，句子用一般过去时，主语he，故填Tired as/ though he was。 10． , do be careful. Otherwise you will fail. 无论做什么，务必认真做。否则你会失败的。 【答案】Whatever you do 【详解】考查让步状语从句。根据中文提示可知，表示“无论（你）做什么”应用whatever you do，由句意可知，时态应用一般现在时，whatever这里引导让步状语从句，在从句中作do的宾语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Whatever you do。 ( 比较状语从句解析 ) 原级 比较级 最高级 as...as，not so/as...as more...than the most...in/of... 一.more...than和the more...of... 句型：more...than ……比……更…… the more...of...（两者之中）比较……的 This film is more moving than that one.这部电影比那部电影感人。 This film is the more moving of the two films.这部电影是这两部电影中比较感人的。 This film is the most moving of the three.这部电影是这3部电影中最感人的。 说明：上方的三个句子分别表示了三种不同的意思： ①表示两部电影的比较。②表示从两部电影中选择了一部。 ③表示三部以上比较或从中选择。 二.“no+比较级+than”和“not+比较级+than” 句型：no+形容词/副词比较级+than（与……一样不） 对两者的否定，用于两者比较。 句型：not+形容词/副词比较级+than（不像/不如……一样） 表示程度上的差异，是普通的比较级结构。 She is no more diligent than her sisters. =Neither she nor her sisters are diligent.她们姐妹几个都不勤奋。 She is not more diligent than her sisters. =She is not as diligent as her sisters.她不如她的几个姐妹勤奋。 This fairy tale is no more interesting than that one. =Neither this fairy tale nor that one is interesting.这个童话和那个童话一样没趣。 This fairy tale is not more interesting than that one. =This fairy tale is not so interesting as that one.这个童话不如那个童话有趣。 重要：“A+动词+no more+B+than+C+动词+D”意为“A不是B，正如C不是D”。 We can no more leave the Party than fish can leave water. 我们不能离开党，正如鱼儿离不开水一样。 He’s no more fit to be a minister than a schoolboy would be. 小学生不适合当部长，他也不适合当部长。 A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.鲸和马一样，都不是鱼。 三.表示倍数的常用句型 句型：A+基数词+times as+形容词/副词原级+as+B A是B的几倍 This room is three times as large as that one.这间屋子是那间屋子的3倍大。 This red box is half as large as the blue one.这个红色盒子是那个蓝色盒子的一半大。 句型：A+基数词+times+名词/代词+of+B A是B的几倍 The age of my grandpa is four times the age of mine. =The age of my grandpa is four times that of mine. =My grandpa is four times as old as I.我爷爷的年龄是我的4倍。 句型：A+基数词+times+比较级+than+B A比B大（小，长……）几倍 This hole is five times deeper than that one.这个洞比那个洞深5倍。 =This hole is six times as deep as that one. =This hole is six times the depth of that one.这个洞是那个洞的6倍深。 四.形似比较级的固定搭配 句型：no more than+基数词（只不过，仅仅，只有） 具有感情色彩，含有“嫌少”的意思，不表示比较。 句型：not more than+基数词（至多，不超过） 客观地说明一个事实，没有感情色彩，不表示比较。 It is no more than ten minutes’ walk from the station to the hotel. 从车站走到宾馆只有10分钟的路程。（感觉路程短，带有感情色彩。） It is not more than ten minutes’ walk from the station to the hotel. 从车站走到宾馆只有10分钟的路程。（客观地说出事实，没有感情色彩。） I spent no more than five days reading the book. 仅仅用了5天，我就把这本书读完了。（强调时间短，带有感情色彩。） I spent not more than five days reading the book. 我用了不到5天的时间就把这本书读完了。（客观地说明一个事实，不带有感情色彩。） ( 方式状语从句解析 ) 表示行为方式的状语从句常由as，as if，as though，just as等引导，且多置于主句之后。有时，方式状语从句不用连词引导，而是用词或词组引导。 一.as引导方式状语从句时 通常作“依照……”，“像……一样，如……”等讲。 Always do to the others as you would be done by.你希望别人怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。 He must do as the doctor advises.他必须按照医生所说的去做。 Leave it as it is.维持现状。 He attended the meeting on time as he had been told to do.他按照要求，准时出席了会议。 二.just as引导方式状语从句时 作“正如……”讲。 She went to the beach with me just as she had promised me to do. 正如她所许诺我的，她和我一起去了海滨。 I did it just as you told me.我正是按照你说的办的。 三.as if，as though引导方式状语从句时 作“似乎，好像”讲。状语从句的谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。 He paused as though he found some difficulty. 他停了停，仿佛遇到了一些困难似的。 I love you as if you were my daughter.我爱你就像你是我的女儿。 （与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） She closed her eyes as though she were asleep.她闭上眼睛，好像睡着了似的。 （与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） He acted as if he were brave.他装得好像很勇敢的样子。 （与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） He behaves as if he were a super star.他的举止就像一个巨星。 （与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） I feel as if I were floating on air.我感觉好像飘浮在空中一样。 （与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） It sounds as though the situation would get worse.听起来好像情况会恶化似的。 （与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） It looks as if it’s going to rain.看上去好像要下雨。 （所说的情况很可能是事实，谓语用陈述语气。） 四.方式状语从句有时不用连词引导 He is behaving (in) the same way his father used to.他的行为和他父亲过去的行为一样。 We must manage to make it work in the way that we want it to.我们一定要设法让它按照我们所想的那样去做。 I was never allowed to do things the way I wanted to do them.我从来不曾获准按照自己的想法去做事情。 ( 综合训练 ) 初中试题 1．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ______ you often use them. A．when B．unless C．if D．until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：练习是非常重要的。如果你不经常使用生词，你就会忘记它们。 考查连词辨析。when当……时；unless除非；if如果；until直到。根据“You will forget the new words … you often use them.”可知，除非经常使用，否则会忘记的，故选B。 2．（2024·河北·中考真题）Jeff still works hard ________ he has achieved great success. A．if B．before C．though D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：杰夫虽然取得了很大的成功，但他仍然努力工作。 考查从属连词辨析。if如果；before在之前；though虽然；because因为。分析“Jeff still works hard ... he has achieved great success.”可知，两句话构成让步关系，用though连接，故选C。 3．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）Tom didn’t go to bed ________ his mother came back last night. A．until B．if C．because D．unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆直到他妈妈昨晚回来才上床睡觉。 考查连词辨析。until直到；if如果；because因为；unless除非。分析句子可知，此处指汤姆直到妈妈回来才上床睡觉。not…until…“直到……才……”。故选A。 4．（2024·福建·中考真题）You can feel better ________ you take a walk in the park just for 20 minutes. A．if B．before C．until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你在公园散步20分钟，你会感觉好一些。 考查从属连词辨析。if如果；before在……之前；until直到。“you take a walk in the park just for 20 minutes”是“You can feel better”的条件，用if引导条件状语从句，故选A。 5．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Everyone loves my dog Coffee, ________ he often makes a mess at home. A．until B．since C．though D．whether 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每个人都喜欢我的狗Coffee，尽管它经常在家里弄得一团糟。 考查连词辨析。until直到；since自从；though尽管；whether是否。分析句子可知，虽然Coffee把家里弄得很乱，但是每个人都喜欢它，故用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。 6．（2024·吉林·中考真题）Bob watches the news every night _________ he wonders what’s going on around the world. A．although B．because C．unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：鲍勃每天晚上都看新闻，因为他想知道世界各地发生了什么。 考查连词辨析。although尽管；because因为；unless除非。分析句子可知，鲍勃每天看新闻，是因为想知道世界各地发生了什么，后文表原因，用because连接。故选B。 7．（2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）—How long have you been in Qiqihar? —________ my father came here to work five years ago. A．When B．While C．Since 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你在齐齐哈尔多久了？——自从我父亲五年前来这里工作以来。 考查特殊疑问句及词汇辨析。When当……时；While当……时；Since自从。How long询问一段时间，可用“Since+一段时间+ago”回答。故选C。 8．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）________ you are too tired to do all the things on your To-Do list, try a To-Don’t list. A．If B．Until C．Although D．Unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你太累了，无法完成待办事项清单上的所有事情，试着列一张勿做事项清单。 考查连词辨析。If如果；Until直到；Although尽管；Unless除非。分析句子可知，此处指如果完成待办事项清单上的所有事情感到很累，可以列一张“勿做”清单，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 9．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Many students lose marks simply ________ they do not read the questions carefully. A．unless B．so C．before D．because 【答案】D 【详解】句意：许多学生丢分仅仅是因为他们没有仔细阅读问题。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；so因此；before在……之前；because因为。分析句子可知，学生丢分的原因是没有仔细阅读问题，后者表原因，应用because连接，引导原因状语从句。故选D。 10．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）Everything is possible ________ you work hard. A．as much as B．as soon as C．as long as D．as far as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：只要你努力工作，一切皆有可能。 考查词汇辨析。as much as多达；as soon as一……就……；as long as只要；as far as就……而言。分析句子可知，此处指只要努力，一切皆有可能，应用as long as连接，引导条件状语从句。故选C。 高中试题 一、用单词的适当形式完成句子 1.Health product sales recorded a nearly tenfold increase year-on-year during the two weeks leading to Mother’s Day __________ consumers paid more attention to keeping healthy in post-pandemic times. 2.The city was barely known by outsiders __________ it went viral on Chinese social media platforms recently. 3.They discovered that the arms of these figures were created separately and then attached to the bodies and covered in a layer of fine clay. The carving of fine details was completed __________ the arms were attached. 4.Especially, Universal City Walk Beijing, home to dozens of shops, a cinema, many restaurants and a host of mobile food bars, will offer free admission for visitors __________ it opens on the 20th. 5.The charmers, who make snakes dance to the sound of flutes (笛子), used to be a traditional feature of Indian life, performing in towns and villages, __________ they were banned in 1972 to control the trade in snake skins. 6.__________ burdens you are having now on your shoulders, let it down for moment if you can. Life is short, so enjoy it. 7. __________ there have been other rice experiments in space, the one being conducted on Tiangong is the first of its kind. 8.Simply saying these young minds were friendly would not be enough __________, beyond that, they were intelligent, curious and passionate about the study fields they were in pursuit of and the future of the European Union (EU) along with the whole world. 9.It all began __________ a farmer called Yan Daocheng dug out a number of treasures accidentally in the spring of 1929. 10.One of sleep’s main functions is to help improve memory. It does this by enabling the brain to strengthen some neural pathways (神经通路) __________ reducing those it doesn’t need. 11.They discovered that the arms of these figures were created separately and then attached to the bodies and covered in a layer of fine clay. The carving of fine details was completed __________ the arms were attached. 12.At present, there are three panda bases providing this volunteer program. Dujiangyan Panda Base is the most convenient one __________ it is near to Chengdu City. 13. __________ we are to have any hope of keeping global temperature increases down below 2 degrees Celsius, we desperately need to develop ways to capture and store carbon dioxide. 14.“The Chinese government will take necessary measures to firmly protect the marine environment __________ Japan is determined to go on with its discharge (排放) plan.” said a majority of Chinese. 15.Basically, a tip may be provided, such as indicating __________ the answer is a person, a place, or a thing. 16. Taiping Kowkui. Every spring __________ foggy days moisten the emerald hillsides, villagers know their harvest will come. 17.__________ this improvement is positive, there is still a lot the world needs to do to help secure the survival of this precious species. 18.Born in Munich, Germany, Rechenberg was so attracted by this delicate, classic Chinese silk at first sight and touch __________ in 1999 she came to China in search of it. 19.My passion was aroused by those passengers, so I took my children to the museum too. I never knew why it had such great charm __________ I got there. 20. “The night market is noisy and crowded. It is hard for the children to keep their attention focused on their studies with all the noise, and the parents will never be able to concentrate on their business __________ they have to look after their children,” she said. 1. because 考查状语从句。句意：在母亲节前的两周内，保健品销售额同比增长了近10倍，因为消费者在大流行后更加注重保持健康。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because。故填because。 2. before/until 考查连词。句意：最近在中国社交媒体平台上走红之前，这座城市几乎不为外人所知。分析句子可知，空处缺从属连词连接句子引导时间状语从句，不为人所知是发生在走红之前的动作，用before。再者not…until意为“直到……才……”。也可以填写until。故填before/until。 3. before 考查连词。句意：在手臂连接之前，精细的细节雕刻已经完成。分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，根据句意，此处表达“在手臂连接之前”之意，应用before引导。故填before。 4. when / as / after 考查时间状语从句。句意：特别是，北京环球城市大道将于20日开幕，届时将为游客提供免费入场券，北京环球城市大道拥有数十家商店、一家电影院、许多餐馆和许多移动食品吧。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为时间状语从句，句中表示当北京环球城市大道20日开幕时，将为游客提供免费入场券，故空格处应用“when”引动从句，意为“当……时”，或用“as”引导从句，意为“当……时”，也可用“after”引导从句，意为“在……以后”，此时句子表示“在北京环球城市大道20日开幕后，将为游客提供免费入场券”。故填when/as/after。 5. until 考查时间状语从句。句意：耍蛇人让蛇随着笛声起舞，这曾经是印度人生活的一个传统特征，在城镇和村庄表演，直到1972年为了控制蛇皮贸易而被禁止。此处表示“直到……为止”，是until引导的时间状语从句。故填until。 6. Whatever 考查让步状语从句。句意：不管你们肩上有什么负担，只要可以的话，暂时放下。结合句意分析句子结构可知，此处缺少让步状语从句连接词，whatever“无论什么”符合句意，位于句首注意首字母要大写，故填Whatever。 7. Although/Though/While 考查状语从句连接词。句意：虽然在太空中也有过其他的水稻试验，但在天宫上进行的这次试验是这种类型的第一次。分析句子结构可知，“there have been other rice experiments in space”与“the one being conducted on Tiangong is the first of its kind.”两句间是转折关系，应填Although或者Though或者While意为“虽然，尽管”之意，引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though/While。 8. because/as/for 考查原因状语从句的从属连词。句意：仅仅说这些年轻人很友好是不够的，因为除此之外，他们对自己所追求的研究领域以及欧盟和整个世界的未来充满了智慧、好奇和热情。根据下文可知，他们还有好多优点，所以并不能仅用友好来形容；前后表示一种因果关系，此处需用表示原因的连接词。故填because/as/for。 9. when 考查从属连词。句意：这一切都始于1929年春天，一位名叫严道成的农民偶然挖出了一些宝藏。分析句子成分可知，空处应为连词。结合句意，应为when引导的时间状语从句。故填when。 10. while/and 考查并列连词。句意：它通过使大脑加强某些神经通路，同时减少不需要的神经通路来做到这一点。结合句意可知，这里用连词while，表示“与……同时”，在句中作时间状语；根据句子结构，这里也可用并列连词and，将enabling the brain to strengthen some neural pathways (神经通路) 和reducing those it doesn’t need并列起来。故填while/and。 11. before 考查从属连词。句意：在手臂连接之前，精细的细节雕刻已经完成。分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，根据句意，此处表达“在手臂连接之前”之意，应用before引导。故填before。 12. because 考查连词。句意：都江堰熊猫基地是最方便的，因为它靠近成都市。根据语境可知，句子表示“都江堰熊猫基地是最方便的，因为它靠近成都市”，空格处意为“因为”，是because，引导原因状语从句，故填because。 13. If 考查状语从句。句意：如果我们希望将全球温度升高控制在2摄氏度以下，我们就迫切需要开发捕获和储存二氧化碳的方法。由语意可知，“希望将全球温度升高控制在2摄氏度以下”和“迫切需要开发捕获和储存二氧化碳的方法”之间是假设关系，所以应用表示假设的连词if。句首字母要大写。故填If。 14. if 考查状语从句。句意：“如果日方执意继续其排放计划，中国政府将采取必要措施坚决保护海洋环境”大多数中国人说，其中包括现在在日本生活和学习的中国人。引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”应用if。故填if。 15. whether 考查连词。句意：基本上一条提示会被提供，比如说暗示答案是一个人、一个地方或是一件东西。Whether…or…是固定结构，意为“是……或是……”，可连接两个或多个单词或短语。故填whether。 16. when 考查连词。句意：每年春天，当雾气笼罩着翠绿的山坡时，村民们知道他们的收成就要到来了。根据句意可知，此处为连词when“当……时候”引导的时间状语从句，满足句意要求。故填when。 17.Though/Although/While 考查状语从句。句意：尽管这一进步是积极的，但世界仍需要做很多事情来帮助保护这种珍贵物种的生存。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用though或although。句首单词首字母要大写。故填 Though / Although / While。 18. that 考查结果状语从句。句意：出生于德国慕尼黑的Rechenberg第一眼就被这种精致、经典的中国丝绸所吸引，1999年，她来到中国寻找这种丝绸。分析句子可知，此处为so…that…“如此……以至于”，that引导的结果状语从句。故填that。 19. until 考查从属连词。句意：直到我到达那里，我才不知道为什么它有如此大的魅力。分析句子可知，两个句子之间需要连词连接，根据句意，not…until…“直到……才……”符合句意，用until引导时间状语从句，故填until。 20. if 考查连词。句意：孩子们很难把注意力集中在学习上，如果父母要照顾孩子，他们就永远无法集中精力在生意上。分析句子成分可知，空处应为连词，且结合句意，从句为主句的条件，故应为if引导的条件状语从句。故填if。 二．语篇填空 Few people I know seem to have much desire 1 time to cook. Making Chinese dishes is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries 2 they realize how cheap it can be to eat out. I still remember  3 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked  4  I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 5  regularly eating out seems to have become common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be affordable 6 doing this almost everyday adds up. There could be an even higher cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home  7  the rise in weight problems. 8  you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that  9  you go to your mum’s home for dinner next time, you get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health  10 in your pocket. 1. or 2. once 3. visiting 4. when 5. While/Though/Although 6. but 7. and 8. If 9. when 10. but 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者分析了外出就餐的代价,并建议我们要学会自己做饭,这样做不仅对自身健康有好处还能节约开销。 1. 考查连词。句意：我认识的人中，没有多少人有很多做饭的想法或时间。这里表示在想法和时间上进行选择。故填or。 2. 考查从属连词。句意：许多来中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面吃饭是多么便宜，他们做饭的次数就会比在自己国家少得多。根据句意可知，此处意为“一旦...就会...”。故填 once。 3. 考查非谓语动词。remember doing sth.意为“记得做过某事”。故填 visiting。 4. 考查从属连词。句意：当我听说她这么多年以来从未做饭的时候，我感到很震惊。此处为时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。故填 when。 5. 考查从属连词。句意：近年来，尽管经常出去吃饭对很多年轻人来说似乎已经很普遍了，但这并不是没有代价的。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”；句首单词首字母大写。故填While/Though/Although。 6. 考查并列连词。句意：最明显的问题是钱；每周出去吃一两次饭可能负担得起，但大多数时候都这样做负担会加重。前后语义为转折关系。故填but。 7. 考查并列连词。句意：研究人员发现，在家以外吃的食物的增加和体重问题的增加之间有直接的联系。between ... and ... 意为 “在 …和...之间”。故填 and。 8. 考查状语从句。句意：如果你不打算遭受这个问题的困扰，那么我建议你下次去你妈妈家吃晚饭的时候，向她学习一些烹饪技巧。故填If。 9. 考查状语从句。句意：当下次去你妈妈家吃饭时...。when表示“当...的时候”。故填 when。 10. 考查连词。not only... but also.. “不但...而且...”为固定搭配，also可省略。故填but。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$