专题16 首字母填空技巧讲练（20篇精选热点）-【暑假自学课】2025年新九年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（牛津上海版）

专题16 首字母填空技巧讲练（20篇精选热点） 内容导航 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 1 考点一：学法指导 1 考题再现 3 考点二：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—代词 4 考点三：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—副词 5 考点四：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—名词 5 考点五：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—形容词 6 考点六：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—动词 7 考点七：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—连词 8 考点八：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—介词 8 考题再现 9 难点强化 13 复习提升 23 核心考点聚焦 考点一：学法指导 1. 总述 首字母填空既考查学生对语法、词汇、句型、搭配等基础知识的综合运用能力，也考查了学生对文章的阅读理解能力。其中，着重考查学生在具体的语境中运用语言知识的能力，根据文章内容进行合理的逻辑推断和分析概括的能力。一般来讲，在考试中，七个首字母，会涉及到不同词性。以名词、动词、形容词和副词为主，虚词为辅。 2. 解题技巧 （1） 通读全文，了解大意 通读全文的目的是能够做到整体把握文章，迅速的了解文章大意，并且对文章的整体结构和中心思想有一个基本的了解。通读全文时，不宜看一空填一空，以免造成所填答案不符合全文的要求。 （2） 把握段首句 中考的首字母往往以议论文为主，而段落的开首句，往往揭示了整段的段意。因此在考试中，把握好段首句，可以窥探到整段的全貌，以首句的时态，意义为立足点，可以方便我们判断整段的大意及主题。 （3） 抓住关键词 文章的展开是按照一定的逻辑关系的，因此在文章中，作者也会使用一些关键的表现逻辑关系联词，例如：but、so、in addition等。这些关键词，可以帮助我们联系上下文展开合理的逻辑分析，了解所提问的特定语境和语篇的内在关系。 （4） 熟悉考纲词组的固定搭配 考纲搭配在中考的考查中占据了重要的位置，而在首字母中，也出现过直接考查固定搭配的情况，因此，在平时的学习过程中，需要巩固好考纲词组。 （5） 联系上下文解题 在解题过程中，应当遵循“先易后难”的原则，当遇到解不出的题时，应当跳过。首字母填空着重考查学生对上下文的理解，因此，很多情况下，随着下文的展开和文章的深入，前面填不出的词，在下文中会有提示。因此，学生在作答时，应当加强联系前后文，充分利用上下文中的有效信息，确定答案。 （6）重读文章，检验答案 当全部答完后，一定要把文章重新读一遍。查看文章是否通顺，语法是否有误。如果发现有不顺畅的地方，则需要再进行推敲。个别单词的形式要着重注意。例如：动词的时态，名词的单复数以及形容词副词的级。 考题再现 （2025·上海金山·二模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给） It’s a feeling you’ve experienced before. You worry about whether you’ve prepared well, and about the possible future. Two scientists, Ramirez and Beilock have found that students can do better in exams if they spend ten minutes writing about their worries before the exams. In order to make people believe their idea, they did the experiment in the lab at first. They asked 20 college students to take a math test. Before the test, half of the students sat q 1 and the other half wrote about their feelings on the coming test. They found that the writing group did m 2 better than the students who sat silently. Their marks were 12% higher. But did writing really work well in our life? To answer it, the two scientists ran the experiment again before a real exam. This time, they worked with 51 ninth-grade students. The students were r 3 to have a 10-minute writing exercise before the exam. Half of them had to write about their thoughts on the coming exam, while the other half had to write about an unrelated topic. Their final scores showed that if the students wrote about unrelated topics, their scores were l 4 . If they wrote about their worries, their bad feelings had no influence on their marks. But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam? Mr Beilock says students alone can try it at home or in the library and s 5 improve their performance. This study has an obviously practical e 6 . The scientists found a simple way of helping the anxious students to perform at their true level. What’s more, they’ve shown that the key to c 7 our worries is not to push them away, but to face them bravely. 【答案】1．(q)uietly 2．(m)uch 3．(r)equired 4．(l)ower 5．(s)till 6．(e)ffect 7．(c)ontrolling 【导语】本文主要讲述了通过写作表达考前焦虑能帮助学生提高考试成绩的研究发现。 1．句意：考试前，一半的学生安静地坐着，另一半则写下他们对即将到来的考试的感受。根据下文“the students who sat silently”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指一半的学生安静地坐着，quietly“安静地”，副词，修饰动词“sat”。故填(q)uietly。 2．句意：他们发现，写作组的表现比安静地坐着的学生要好得多。根据下文“Their marks were 12% higher.”并结合首字母提示可知，他们的分数高出12%，应是表现要好得多，much“很”符合。故填(m)uch。 3．句意：学生们被要求在考试前进行10分钟的写作练习。根据“The students were…to have a 10-minute writing exercise before the exam.”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指要求学生们做的事情，require“要求”，用过去分词形式，构成被动语态。故填(r)equired。 4．句意：他们的最终分数显示，如果学生写无关的话题，他们的分数会更低。根据“their scores”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指分数低，此处应是与另一组进行对比，用比较级形式lower。故填(l)ower。 5．句意：贝洛克先生说，学生可以独自在家或图书馆尝试，仍然可以提高他们的表现。根据“students alone can try it at home or in the library”并结合首字母提示可知，学生可以独自在家或图书馆尝试这种方法，应是这种方法仍然有效，可以提高他们的表现，still“仍然”符合。故填(s)till。 6．句意：这项研究具有一个明显的实际效果。practical effect“实际效果”，是固定搭配。故填(e)ffect。 7．句意：更重要的是，他们已经表明，控制我们担忧的关键不是把它们推开，而是勇敢地面对它们。根据“but to face them bravely”并结合首字母提示可知，勇敢地面对担忧，应是为了控制它，control“控制”，根据空前的介词“to”可知，此处用动名词形式。故填(c)ontrolling。 考点二：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—代词 A: anyone anything Another(2) all E: everything either H: himself herself(2) hers M: mine myself N: nothing(3) nobody O: ones Ourselves others(3) nobody Other S: something self someone(2)/somebody T: These/They(2) them themselves(2) W: .who Y: yourself(2)/yourselves 考点三：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—副词 A: along around always(2) almost according actually again anywhere also(2) alone as already B: back Besides(2) C: completely closely carefully(3) clearly cheaply D: down E: exactly(3) especially(2) easily(3) even ever either F: finally further G: hardly how hard H: However how happily(2) I: instead inside immediately L: Luckily late likely loudly later M: more N: not never(3) Nearly nearby O: only off outside often out P: probably Perhaps purposely properly probably/possibly possibly Q: quietly(2) / quickly R: really rather S: still seriously Sometimes soon(2) seldom safely simply(2) Softly slowly(2) Suddenly/Soon so silently T: terribly through then together traditionally U: usually W: when .well(2) with 考点四：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—名词 A: address actress(actor) amount arrangement area/attraction Army arm(s) animal advertisements activities assistant B: bus bedroom building breakfast C: country culture class customers chance(2) color college cooks countries confidence/courage choice community D: diseases dream(2) days difference dream/daydream E: exercise experience example end eyes elephants earth's education efforts F: film future friendship flat fun G: game grades greenhouse H: housework happiness(2) hobbies homes/houses history hole hair hopes hours .hand hobby habits house I: information idea invention J: journey jackets job K: key L: lesson list living life luck leg length languages light/lamp M: milk moments (moment) minutes men money(2) message matter members .mixtrue mistake N: name number . O: owner offers officials nature Not P: popular part problems(2) people(2/persons performance presents person’s planets(2) population power R: radio rest(2) responsibility rule reasons resources record reasons result S: summer story smile stars saying surprise side skills(2) seat service sex sightseeing sense snow T: trouble(2) thousands types things Transport teachers ticket trip Tea W: writer(2) way words wastes world(2) wind 考点五：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—形容词 A: alive afraid average B: biggest better bad best beautiful C: cheaper careful cool clear calm D: difficult(2) different(3) deep E: easier(3) empty either easy(4) F: frightened future fat familiar fashion fair famous failed G：good H: harmful hungry helpful heavier happy half I: independent impossible important K: kind L: less little(3) long (longer(3)) lower likely least liquid larger large M: many/most modern much more main N: noisy/noisier natural/necessary no nervous new O: other own P: prefect prettier pleased possible popular public personal(2) pleasant poor R: right reasonable real(2) rude recent responsible S: safe sorry same(3) special small sick safe sick straight surprised simple shy serious T: two tired(3) traditional these/three thicker thankful top U: useful unusual V: various W: wrong wonderful(2) wise warm(2) worried(2) worse(2) weak wore Y: young 考点六：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—动词 A: allowed(2) answer attract appeared arrived attracted accept Add awarded appear B: bring become(2) being book broke beat(2) C: call catch come correct collect closed care(2) completed cleaning changed confuses choose complain(2) caused change crying/calling climbed carried chatted caught cares .counted communicate create/cause cry control D: deal/do decided discovered disappeared driven develop dates/dated destroy drive divided E: enjoying encourages exchange end examined enjoy F: finds follow failed followed flew finish falling feel focus .flying G: give(20 H: help hurried happened hide holding heard I: is including invented improved interest invited increased improve Invite instead J: judge join K: known .keep L: leave locked love like learned looks live(2)/lead lie lose(2) like linked M: means makes N: named need needed noticed needs(2) O: offered opened offer P: Proved played protect planned pay published(2)/printed pushes prove pointed polluted prefer prepare provides produce R: refused relax read received(2) realize repair remember return research reduce reading raised S: spend stopped shout sleep seems showed Suppose spread sell suffered searched stepped saved(saving) swim smell smile stop(3) spoken slept survey/study saying Services shut Solving suggests suggest T: think try talks turning turn throw tasted training U: understand .used W: works want written walking worry writing wish wasted wondered 考点七：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—连词 A：Although(2) B: because(2) but H: However T：Though(2) W: while/when 考点八：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—介词 A: among as after B: between behind(2) before(2) D: during E: except F：for(2) I: into L: like O: on T: through U: under W: without 考题再现 （2025·上海嘉定·二模） “Woof! Woof!” My name is Mak and I’m a golden retriever (猎犬). Today is my big day! My new owner is coming to the shelter to take me home. I came to this shelter after a rescuer saved me from the streets. I was a stray dog and homeless. I lived on the streets because my owner abandoned (抛弃) me. He just l 1 me on the street one day for reasons that I don’t quite understand. Life was really hard on the streets. I was a bit aggressive (好斗的) and fierce when the rescuer saved me. I showed my teeth and barked at him because I was very a 2 and hungry. In reality, I am really friendly and love human companionship (陪伴). B 3 , I was already house trained before I came to live in this shelter. So, I’m all ready for adoption (收养). I still remember the day I met my new owner. She came to look for a companion on a hot summer day last month. I was playing with my friends when she came to the shelter. I was jumping around like crazy and stepped right on her toes. I felt really nervous until she g 4 patted (轻拍) me on my head with a loving smile on her face. It was so heart-warming that I hugged her back in return straight away. It’s true that each adoption means two lives are saved. When you adopt, you save one of us by giving us a cozy home and, at the same time, free up shelter space for a 5 dog in need. I’m extremely excited about going to my new owner’s home but I still have w 6 . As an adult dog, I have some bad habits and I hope that my new owner will be patient with me. I hope that she’ll not abandon me like my previous owner. People should think twice if they aren’t ready to be r 7 for a pet. 【答案】1．(l)eft 2．(a)fraid/(a)ngry 3．(B)esides 4．(g)ently 5．(a)nother 6．(w)orries 7．(r)esponsible 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只名叫Mak的金毛猎犬从被遗弃到被新主人收养的故事，表达了Mak对新生活的期待和对主人耐心的希望。 1．句意：有一天，他把我丢在街上，原因我不太明白。分析句子结构，设空处需要一个动词，且根据上下文，主人是“抛弃”了Mak，时态为一般过去时，此处用动词过去式left。故填(l)eft。 2．句意：当救助者救我的时候，我非常生气和饥饿。根据“and hungry”可知，设空处需要一个形容词，描述Mak的状态。根据“I showed my teeth and barked at him because I was very a…and hungry.”可知，是因为狗狗“害怕/生气又饥饿”才会表现出攻击性，故填(a)fraid/(a)ngry。 3．句意：此外，在我来到这个收容所之前，我已经接受过家庭训练。分析句子结构，设空处需要一个副词，表示补充说明。上一句说“其实我很友好”，下一句说“另外/此外，我之前就已经接受过室内训练……”。此处填表示“此外”的 besides语义通顺。故填(B)esides。 4．句意：我感到非常紧张，直到她轻轻地拍了拍我的头，脸上带着微笑。分析句子结构，设空处需要一个副词，修饰动词“patted”。根据“ patted (轻拍) me on my head with a loving smile on her face.”可知，动作是“轻拍”，gently“温柔地”，副词。故填(g)ently。 5．句意：当你收养时，你通过给我们一个舒适的家拯救了我们中的一个，同时为另一只需要帮助的狗腾出收容所空间。根据“When you adopt, you save one of us by giving us a cozy home…”可知，此处指的是“另一只狗”，another意为“另一只”。故填(a)nother。 6．句意：我对去新主人家感到非常兴奋，但我仍然有担忧。根据“I’m extremely excited…but I still have…”及“As an adult dog, I have some bad habits and I hope that my new owner will be patient with me.”可知，狗狗仍然有“担忧”，worry意为“担忧”，此处用可数名词复数形式。故填(w)orries。 7．句意：如果人们还没有准备好对宠物负责，他们应该三思。根据“People should think twice if they aren’t ready to be…for a pet.”可知，此处指“负责任”，be responsible for意为“对……负责”，形容词短语。故填(r)esponsible。 （2025·上海闵行·一模）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给出。 Snowboarding is an exciting outdoor activity and is becoming very popular among teenagers. Here, we find out how it can help you to become healthier and enjoy life more. Taking up snowboarding is a great way to help you to be c 1 and brave—even if you don’t get it right the first time. That’s why snowboarding is a fantastic way to learn and develop a new interest. I met Kathy Champion, 15, on Mant Blanc, where she e 2 why snowboarding was good for teens. Kathy started snowboarding at a young age. At only nine years old, she was already snowboarding with her dad in Scotland and she c 3 to love it to this day. “Being in the mountains for hours every day made me feel so good and alive,” she said. It helped her to understand how her body works because she learned skills to help her ride the snowboard p 4 also made her feel that she could do something very well. “Snowboarding taught me to believe in myself, even when I was worried about hurting myself.” Did she get hurt? “Yes, sometimes, n 5 serious,” she says. “But it didn’t make me stop. It made me want to succeed even more and get to the bottom of the mountain!” In what other ways can snowboarding make you healthy and enjoy life more? “It keeps you very fit, very positive, but it also helps you to make new friends,” Kathy says. She believes that doing an extreme sport also introduces you to a new and positive community. “You can get s 6 from people who understand what you’ re doing and are there to help you improve.” And she thinks the feel-good part of snowboarding can also help teenagers keep out of trouble. “Some people I know from school laugh at me when I tell them how great I feel after snowboarding. They think that hanging out on the street and doing stupid things is fun—I don’t see how!” So, what is Kathy’s a 7 to all teenagers? “Get a snowboard, get healthy and enjoy life!” 【答案】1．(c)onfident 2．(e)xplained 3．(c)ontinues 4．(p)roperly 5．(n)othing 6．(s)upport 7．(a)dvice 【导语】本文介绍了滑雪板运动如何帮助青少年变得更加健康和享受生活。 1．句意：学习单板滑雪是一种帮助你变得自信和勇敢的好方法——即使你第一次做得不对。根据“and brave”以及首字母提示，此处可以说自信，confident“自信的”，作表语。故填(c)onfident。 2．句意：我在芒特勃朗峰遇到了15岁的凯西·钱皮恩，她向我解释了为什么单板滑雪对青少年有好处。根据“why snowboarding was good for teens.”以及首字母提示，此处指的是解释了为什么单板滑雪对青少年有好处，explain“解释”，该句是一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故填(e)xplained。 3．句意：9岁的时候，她就已经和父亲在苏格兰玩单板滑雪了，直到今天她仍然热爱这项运动。根据“to love it to this day.”可知，此处指的是仍然喜欢这个运动，continue“继续”，该句是一般现在时，主语是“she”，动词填三单形式。故填(c)ontinues。 4．句意：这帮助她了解了自己的身体是如何工作的，因为她学会了一些技巧，帮助她正确地驾驶滑雪板，也让她觉得自己可以做得很好。根据“help her ride the snowboard”可知，此处指的是相关技能有助于她正确地滑雪。properly“正确地”，修饰动词ride。故填(p)roperly。 5．句意：“是的，有时候，没什么大不了的，”她说。 根据“serious”以及首字母提示，nothing“没有什么”符合语境，此处是强调她没有受过严重的伤。故填(n)othing。 6．句意：你可以从那些理解你在做什么的人那里得到支持，并帮助你提高。根据“from people”以及首字母提示，此处指的是得到支持，support“支持”符合语境，不可数名词。故填(s)upport。 7．句意：那么，凯西对所有青少年的建议是什么呢？根据后文她说的“Get a snowboard, get healthy and enjoy life!”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是建议，advice“建议”，不可数名词。故填(a)dvice。 （2025·上海虹口·二模）One day at breakfast, Mark couldn’t help sharing his food with his identical twin brother Scott. He couldn’t really share it, so he sent him a picture. “I’m a little envious (羡慕),” Scott said, “but I knew he was just making a j 1 .” Scott feels this way because he can’t get hot, fresh bread in space. Scott is the officer-in-charge of the International Space Station (ISS). He has been living there for a year. His twin, Mark, is also an astronaut, but has spent the last year on the Earth. Mark eats regular Earth food, exercises outside, and lives his life as usual. Scott only gets fresh food when cargo ships bring it to space. There are other d 2 too. Scott can only exercise on a special zero-gravity (零重力) machine and can’t go outside without a spacesuit. And of course, Scott floats around instead of walking. The International Space University (ISU) is studying everything that happens to both twins during the year, with the goal of finding out how living in space a 3 the human body. They already know that astronauts often get headaches, their bones get weak, and they are more likely to get sick. Scientists wonder whether staying in space longer makes these problems worse. The twins are helping them answer these questions. Based on the study results, future astronauts can then be trained and be p 4 for long missions (任务) to Mars. The twins came up with the idea after Scott was chosen for the one-year mission. The brothers asked ISU how they could help since Mark is also an astronaut. ISU recognized this as a rare opportunity which they could h 5 afford to miss. How can scientists tell which changes in health are caused by being in space, and which would have happened anyway? It would help if they could c 6 their astronaut in space with a copy of him or her on the ground. Scott and Mark are identical, so they share the same DNA．They are also both astronauts, so their overall health and training is pretty s 7 . From them, scientists can find out what spaceflight has actually done to the human body. That’s why the twins are so important. 【答案】1．(j)oke 2．(d)ifferences 3．(a)ffects 4．(p)repared 5．(h)ardly 6．(c)ompare 7．(s)imilar 【导语】本文主要讲述了一对双胞胎兄弟在太空生活和在地球生活的不同之处，从而通过对比帮助科学家发现太空飞行对人体的影响。 1．句意：“我有点嫉妒。”Scott说：“但我知道他只是在开玩笑。”根据“Scott feels this way because he can’t get hot, fresh bread in space.”及首字母提示可知，Scott知道他只是在开玩笑，joke“玩笑”，a修饰用单数形式。故填(j)oke。 2．句意：还有其它差异。根据“Mark eats regular Earth food, exercises outside, and lives his life as usual. Scott only gets fresh food when cargo ships bring it to space.”及首字母提示可知，此处提到的是不同之处，difference“不同”，other修饰用复数形式。故填(d)ifferences。 3．句意：国际空间大学 (ISU) 正在研究这一年中双胞胎身上发生的一切，目的是找出太空生活如何影响人体。根据“They already know that astronauts often get headaches, their bones get weak, and they are more likely to get sick.”及首字母提示可知，是找出太空生活如何影响人体，affect“影响”，动名词作主语，谓语动词用三单形式。故填(a)ffects。 4．句意：根据研究结果，未来的宇航员可以接受训练，为长期火星任务做好准备。be prepared for“为……做好准备”，固定搭配。故填(p)repared。 5．句意：ISU意识到这是一个难得的机会，他们几乎不能错过。根据“ISU recognized this as a rare opportunity”可知，应表达不能错过，hardly“几乎不”，副词修饰动词afford。故填(h)ardly。 6．句意：如果他们能将太空中的宇航员与地面上的宇航员进行比较，那将有所帮助。根据“their astronaut in space with a copy of him or her on the ground.”及首字母提示可知，是将两者进行比较，compare“比较”，情态动词could后面加动词原形。故填(c)ompare。 7．句意：他们也是宇航员，所以他们的整体健康和训练非常相似。根据“That’s why the twins are so important.”及首字母提示可知，是双胞胎的整体健康和训练非常相似，similar“相似的”，形容词作表语。故填(s)imilar。 难点强化 （2025·上海宝山·二模）Artificial Intelligence (Al) is all around us. Smart machines and computers are changing almost all parts of our lives in various ways. AI is like a magic a 1 in our daily lives. We now have robots to clean swimming pools and help us drive if we wish. We can talk to our phones now and use Al for all kinds of things. They answer our questions, help us write e-mails, and even make us look better in photos! When Al is used by the wrong people, however, it could also lead to s 2 problems. A good example of this is when people use Al to make fake (虚假的) videos or photos. The problem is that the smarter Al gets, the harder it is for the human eye to tell what is real and what is not. These “deepfakes” might be fun to watch if they are about s 3 and famous people. But if there is a fake video of you on the Internet doing something really stupid, it might not be so “funny” anymore. What’s worse is that AI which can c 4 a person’s appearance or voice can be used to cheat others, and this could be dangerous. Will Al make big changes to the way we live, work, and have fun? Yes, it will, but there are still w 5 . On the other hand, if the young and old can learn to work with Al and to use it for the good of the whole planet, hopefully we will enjoy the a 6 it brings. The most important thing is not to be afraid of all these big changes, but to try our best to make the most of them. Al is really fantastic, but we need to be careful with it. We should learn how to use it safely and w 7 . Let’s all work together to make sure Al helps us live better and happier lives. Remember, the future is in our hands, and we can make it great if we use Al the right way. 【答案】1．(a)ssistant 2．(s)erious 3．(s)tars 4．(c)hange 5．(w)orries 6．(a)dvantages 7．(w)isely 【导语】本文主要讲述了人工智能已经渗透进了我们的生活，它会对我们的未来产生很大的影响。 1．句意：人工智能就像我们日常生活中的一个神奇助手。根据“AI is like a magic...in our daily lives.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指人工智能是神奇的助手，assistant“助手”，名词，由不定冠词a可知用单数形式。故填(a)ssistant。 2．句意：然而，当人工智能被坏人使用时，它也可能导致严重的问题。根据“When AI is used by the wrong people, however, it could also lead to...problems.”以及首字母提示可知，坏人使用人工智能会导致严重问题，serious“严重的”，形容词，修饰名词problems。故填(s)erious。 3．句意：如果这些“深度伪造”是关于明星和名人的，观看它们可能会很有趣。根据“These ‘deepfakes’ might be fun to watch if they are about...and famous people.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指和名人并列的明星，star“明星”，可数名词，此处用复数形式stars表示泛指。故填(s)tars。 4．句意：更糟糕的是，能够改变一个人外貌或声音的人工智能可能会被用来欺骗他人，这可能会很危险。根据“What’s worse is that AI which can...a person’s appearance or voice can be used to cheat others”以及首字母提示可知，此处指改变外貌或声音，change“改变”，动词，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填(c)hange。 5．句意：是的，它会，但仍然存在担忧。根据“Yes, it will, but there are still...”以及上文提到人工智能带来的问题可知，此处指仍然有担忧，worry“担忧”，可数名词，由“are”可知用复数形式worries。故填(w)orries。 6．句意：另一方面，如果年轻人和老年人能够学会与人工智能合作，并为了整个地球的利益使用它，希望我们将享受它带来的优势。根据“if the young and old can learn to work with AI and to use it for the good of the whole planet, hopefully we will enjoy the...it brings”以及首字母提示可知，此处指享受人工智能带来的优势，advantage“优势”，可数名词，此处用复数形式advantages表示泛指。故填(a)dvantages。 7．句意：我们应该学习如何安全且明智地使用它。根据“We should learn how to use it safely and...”以及首字母提示可知，此处指明智地使用，wisely“明智地”，副词，修饰动词use。故填(w)isely。 （2025·上海静安·二模） In the evening, our adventurers left San Francisco to travel to New York. An hour later, it started to snow. L 1 , the snow did not slow down the train. However, about nine o’clock the next morning, the train stopped. They were amazed to see hundreds of cows crossing the rails in front of the train. “I can’t believe this! This country has a modern railway, but the train must stop for a group of animals!” c 2 Passepartout. The train driver told them he had no c 3 . The cows could damage the engine, so they had to wait until the cows moved across the rails. Three hours later, when the train went through the mountains in Wyoming, it stopped again. A man from the next station told the driver that the bridge across the valley wasn’t strong enough to s 4 the weight of the train, but another train would arrive in four hours. “We can’t stay here. We’ll get frozen to the bone in the snow!” shouted one of the passengers. “Yes, but it will take six hours to go on foot to the next station,” said the train driver’s assistant. “I have an idea,” said the train driver. “If the train moves at its top speed, the pressure on the bridge won’t be as great as it was when it was stationary (静止的). And we can get across before the bridge breaks.” Passepartout was n 5 . The bridge could break before the train reached the other side! He could not understand why the other passengers seemed to think this was a good idea. “Isn’t there a better idea? Perhaps ...?” he began to ask the driver. The driver was not listening. “No, no, this is the best s 6 we have. The train’s leaving!” he shouted. The driver blew the whistle and the train went back along the rails about two kilometers. Then he blew the whistle again. The train moved faster and faster as it came closer to the bridge. In what seemed like minutes, or maybe it was only a few s 7 , they were over on the other side, just in time to see the bridge fall into the deep valley behind them. 【答案】1．(L)uckily 2．(c)omplained 3．(c)hoice 4．(s)upport 5．(n)ervous 6．(s)olution 7．(s)econds 【导语】本文主要讲述了冒险者们从旧金山前往纽约的火车旅行中遇到的种种困难，包括下雪、牛群挡道以及桥梁不稳固等问题，最终火车司机通过加速成功让火车通过桥梁的故事。 1．句意：幸运的是，雪并没有让火车减速。根据“the snow did not slow down the train.”及首字母可知，雪并没有让火车减速，这是幸运的，空处用副词luckily“幸运地”，修饰整个句子。故填(L)uckily。 2．句意：Passepartout抱怨道。根据“I can’t believe this! This country has a modern railway, but the train must stop for a group of animals!”可知，这句话里带有抱怨的情绪，complain“抱怨”，全文时态是一般过去时，因此动词用过去式。故填(c)omplained。 3．句意：火车司机告诉他们，他别无选择。根据“The cows could damage the engine, so they had to wait until the cows moved across the rails.”及首字母可知，此处是指他们没有选择，no后跟名词choice“选择”。故填(c)hoice。 4．句意：来自下一站的一名男子告诉司机，横跨山谷的大桥承载不了火车的重量，但四小时后会有另一列火车到达。根据“the weight of the train”及首字母可知，是指承受火车的重量，support“支撑，承受”符合，不定式符号to后跟动词原形。故填(s)upport。 5．句意：Passepartout很紧张。根据“The bridge could break before the train reached the other side! He could not understand why the other passengers seemed to think this was a good idea”及首字母可知，他是紧张的，nervous“紧张的”，形容词作表语。故填(n)ervous。 6．句意：不，不，这是我们最好的解决方案。根据“this is the best s...”可知，此处是指这是最好的解决方案，空处用名词单数solution“解决方案”。故填(s)olution。 7．句意：在看似几分钟，或者可能只有几秒钟的时间里，他们到达了另一边，正好看到大桥落入他们身后的深谷。根据“or maybe it was only a few s...”可知，是指只有几秒钟，a few后跟名词复数seconds“秒”。故填(s)econds。 （2025·上海奉贤·二模）Is Bottled Water Better? Water makes up about sixty percent of your body weight. As a teenager, you should drink 1.4 to 1.9 liters of water every day. Most of us get our water at a low price from our taps. But some people prefer bottled water, even though it costs more. Bottled water first a 1 in the United States in the 1760s. A company called Jackson’s Spa bottled and sold mineral water. It said that the water could “produce good effects on people’s bodies”. Since then, bottled water has become more and more popular worldwide. People drink about 10 percent more bottled water every year. In 2023, for the first time, Americans drank more bottled water than soda. Why has bottled water become so popular? Well, this may have something to do with people’s worries about the purity of tap water. According to one survey, 63% of Americans are worried a lot about the s 2 of their drinking water. However, research suggests such worries are u 3 . For most families, bottled water is not better than tap water. In fact, almost half of all bottled water comes from the tap. (The company may further process it, though.) And when it comes to taste, most of us cannot tell the d 4 . Students at Boston University once conducted a blind taste test. Only 20% of the taste testers were able to correctly pick out which one the tap water had been from among the samples. Making bottled water, however, r 5 a lot of resources. Plastic bottles are usually used only o 6 before being thrown away. Besides, more water goes into the making of a bottle of water than simply its contents. One study found that on average, companies use 1.39 liters of water to make one liter of bottled water. Do you prefer bottled water to tap water? It’s time to change your m 7 ! Bottled water is more expensive. However, it isn’t much better than the water you get from your kitchen tap. 【答案】1．(a)ppeared 2．(s)afety 3．(u)nnecessary 4．(d)ifference 5．(r)equires 6．(o)nce 7．(m)ind 【导语】本文探讨了瓶装水与自来水的比较，指出瓶装水虽然价格更高，但在质量和口感上并不一定优于自来水。文章还提到瓶装水的生产消耗大量资源，并呼吁人们重新考虑对瓶装水的偏好。 1．句意：瓶装水在18世纪60年代首次在美国出现。根据“Bottled water first...in the United States in the 1760s.”及首字母“a”提示可知，此处是一个动词，在句中作谓语。句中表述瓶装水首次在美国“出现”的情况。此处应该使用“appear”意为“出现”，句子时态是一般过去时，因此谓语动词使用过去式形式，“appear”的过去式为“appeared”，故填(a)ppeared。 2．句意：根据一项调查，63%的美国人非常担心他们饮用水的安全性。根据“According to one survey, 63% of Americans are worried a lot about the...of their drinking water.”及首字母“s”提示可知，句中表述人们对饮用水“安全性”的担忧，此处需要一个名词，作介词“about”的宾语。“safety”是名词，意为“安全、安全性”，“the safety of...” 表示 “……的安全性”，符合语境。故填(s)afety。 3．句意：然而，研究表明这样的担忧是不必要的。根据“However, research suggests such worries are...”及首字母“u”提示可知，句中表述人们对自来水的担忧是“不必要的”，此处需要一个形容词，在句中作表语。“unnecessary”是形容词，意为“不必要的”，符合语境。故填(u)nnecessary。 4．句意：当谈到味道时，我们大多数人无法分辨出差异。根据“And when it comes to taste, most of us cannot tell the...”及首字母“d”提示可知，此处需要一个名词，作动词“tell”的宾语。句中表述在味道方面，大多数人难以区分瓶装水和自来水的“差异”，“difference”是名词，意为“差异、不同”，“tell the difference”表示“分辨出差异”，符合语境。故填(d)ifference。 5．句意：然而，制作瓶装水需要大量的资源。根据“Making bottled water, however...a lot of resources.”及首字母“r”提示可知，此处需要一个动词，在句中作谓语，句中表述制作瓶装水“需要”很多资源，“require”是动词，意为“需要、要求”，句子主语“Making bottled water”是动名词短语，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式，“require”的第三人称单数是“requires”。故填(r)equires。 6．句意：塑料瓶在被扔掉之前通常只使用一次。根据“Plastic bottles are usually used only...before being thrown away.”及首字母“o”提示可知，句中表述塑料瓶一般是“一次性”使用后就被扔掉，此处需要一个副词，来修饰动词“used”。“once”是副词，意为“一次”，符合语境。“used only once”表示“只使用一次”。故填(o)nce。 7．句意：是时候改变你的想法了！根据“It’s time to change your...”及首字母“m”提示可知，句中表述人们应该改变原来的“想法”，重新考虑对瓶装水和自来水的选择，此处需要一个名词，作动词“change”的宾语。“mind”是名词，意为“想法、主意”，“change one’s mind”是固定短语，意为“改变某人的想法”，符合语境。故填(m)ind。 （2025·上海杨浦·三模）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Nowadays, students often use the internet for school work or homework. If we need information for an essay or project, we can find it online quickly and easily. However, there are millions of websites. Some of them provide a 1 information, but others contain incorrect and misleading content. This is why we should check a website before we believe what it is telling us. Imagine you have found an article that seems u 2 . Here are some tips to help you check it. First, look at the URL. It may tell you something about the website, its creator, its goal, and where it comes from. Then, think about why the writing was created. Is it to teach or e 3 something to you, or is it trying to advertise something? For example, if the article is telling you all about a well—known public figure and how important and amazing they are, be careful. Its real p 4 may be to get you to vote for them, so the information in it may not be fair. Next, check the writer’s b 5 by looking at the website. Look for a link to their “About me” page to learn more about their education and experience. Is he or she professional in this area? Do you think this person is able to write about the subject? After that, check to see whether any information has been taken from another website. If it has, go to the first source to check that the information hasn’t been changed. Also, look at the date of publication. Old articles can be unreliable because they m 6 the latest facts, or because the situation has recently changed. Finally, weigh everything up and decide if you trust the information. U 7 there is no way to be 100% sure that a site is trustworthy, so you need to consider all these things and then decide whether you trust it. If you post your own writing on a blog or website, some of these tips may help improve your own writing too. Give links and references to your information sources, and mention your own experience and expertise. 【答案】1．(a)ccurate 2．(u)seful 3．(e)xplain 4．(p)urpose 5．(b)ackground 6．(m)iss 7．(U)nfortunately 【导语】本文主要讲了学生常用互联网做作业，但网上信息有真有假。文中给出查看网址、明确写作目的、核查作者背景等七条检验信息可信度的建议，这些建议对个人发布内容也有帮助。 1．句意：有些网站提供准确的信息，但有些网站包含不正确和误导性的内容。根据“but others contain incorrect and misleading content”可知，前后形成对比，前面应表达有些网站提供的是准确的信息。“accurate”意为“准确的”，符合语境。故填(a)ccurate。 2．句意：想象一下，你发现了一篇看起来有用的文章。根据“Here are some tips to help you check it.”，结合首字母“u”推测，这里说发现一篇看起来有用的文章，这样才会有后续检查其真实性的必要。“useful”意为“有用的”，符合语境。故填(u)seful。 3．句意：它是为了教你还是向你解释某件事，亦或是试图推销某物？根据“or is it trying to advertise something”以及“to teach”可知，这里是在列举文章创作的目的，“explain”意为“解释”，与“teach”语义相关，且符合此处语境。故填(e)xplain。 4．句意：它真正的目的可能是让你投票给他们，所以里面的信息可能不公平。根据“but others contain incorrect and misleading content.”，以及“so the information in it may not be fair.”可知，这里说的是文章真正的目的是让你投票给他们。“purpose”意为“目的”，符合语境。故填(p)urpose。 5．句意：接下来，通过查看网站来核实作者的背景。根据“Look for a link to their ‘About me’ page to learn more about their education and experience.”可知，这里是说要查看作者的背景信息。“background”意为“背景”，符合语境。故填(b)ackground。 6．句意：旧文章可能不可靠，因为它们没有包含最新的事实，或者因为情况最近发生了变化。根据“Old articles can be unreliable”以及“because the situation has recently changed”可知，旧文章可能因为没有涵盖最新的情况而不准确，“miss”有“遗漏、错过”的意思，这里表示旧文章可能遗漏了最新的事实，符合语境。故填(m)iss。 7．句意：不幸的是，没有办法100%确定一个网站是值得信赖的，所以你需要考虑所有这些事情，然后决定你是否信任它。根据“there is no way to be 100% sure that a site is trustworthy”可知，这是在说明一种不太好的情况，结合首字母“U”可知，“Unfortunately”意为“不幸的是”，符合语境。故填(U)nfortunately。 （2025·上海·模拟预测）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Flying Taxis Are Starting To Take Off Imagine getting where you want to go far faster than you could in a car. Believe it or not, you might be able to do these things in an electric air taxi sooner than you think. An air taxi is a small aircraft, something like a mix between a helicopter and a drone (无人机) that can carry people from place to place. Air taxis don’t need a long runway like planes do. They can go s 1 up and down, like a helicopter. These exciting new aircrafts are taking a big step forward in June, the FAA (联邦航空局), the government group in charge of America’s skies, agreed to allow a company called Joby Aviation (航空) to start t 2 their new air taxi. Joby has been making and developing flying taxis since 2017. By 2025, Joby hopes to start carrying passengers for money. Joby expects their air taxis to provide a ride-sharing s 3 in the air. Just like you might use an app to order a car to pick you up, you could use an app to order an air taxi. Joby’s air taxis will be flown by a pilot, and can carry four other passengers. Compared with helicopters, Joby says their taxis are both quieter and cheaper. The company expects to charge about $3 a mile (1.6 kilometers) at first. But over time, they hope to bring the p 4 down to less than $1 per mile. But there’s still a lot to do before air taxis become c 5 . For one thing, governments need to make rules about where, when, and how these taxis can fly. And as exciting as the idea of flying taxis is, some people have w 6 about them. The taxis may be noisier than helicopters, but they’ll still be adding noise and traffic to our skies. Some people fear that only rich people will be able to a 7 to use them. Still, it seems likely that air taxis will be part of the future of travel. 【答案】1．(s)traight 2．(t)esting 3．(s)ervice 4．(p)rice 5．(c)ommon 6．(w)orries 7．(a)fford 【导语】本文讲述了电动空中出租车的发展现状和未来前景。 1．句意：它们可以像直升机一样直上直下。根据 “like a helicopter” 以及常识可知，直升机可以垂直起降，“go straight up and down”表示“直上直下”，故填(s)traight。 2．句意：今年6月，这些令人兴奋的新型飞行器迈出了一大步，美国负责天空管理的政府机构联邦航空局（FAA）同意允许一家名为Joby Aviation的公司开始测试他们的新型空中出租车。“start doing sth.”表示“开始做某事”，结合语境，联邦航空局同意公司开始“测试”新型空中出租车，test“测试”，故填(t)esting。 3．句意：Joby 预计他们的空中出租车将提供空中拼车服务。根据“provide a ride-sharing”可知是指“拼车服务”，service“服务”，a修饰名词单数。故填(s)ervice。 4．句意：但随着时间的推移，他们希望将价格降至每英里不到1美元。前文提到公司起初预计每英里收费约3美元，这里说随着时间的推移希望把价格降低，“bring the price down”表示“降低价格”，故填(p)rice。 5．句意：但在空中出租车变得普及之前，还有很多事情要做。根据“before air taxis become”可知这里说在空中出租车变得“普及、常见”之前还有很多工作要做，“become common”表示“变得普遍、常见”，故填(c)ommon。 6．句意：尽管空中出租车的想法令人兴奋，但有些人还是对它们感到担忧。“have worries about...”是固定短语，意为“对……感到担忧”，结合后文提到的空中出租车可能带来的噪音和交通问题等，可知有些人对它们感到担忧，故填(w)orries。 7．句意：有些人担心只有富人才能负担得起使用它们的费用。这里说有些人担心只有富人才能“负担得起”使用空中出租车的费用，“be able to afford to do sth.”表示“能够负担得起做某事”，故填(a)fford。 （2025·上海·模拟预测）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) I’m Jessica Dunn, your friend from the US. This is a section to help teenagers solve their problems.Q Dear Jessica, I’m puzzled by something about myself. When I’m about to do something, I always think it over and over. As a result, I’ve lost many chances. When I have a chance to make my dream come true, I h 1 and feel nervous. What should I do? LevisA Dear Levis, This behavior is more c 2 than you think. Most of us are held back by the fear of failure. What will happen if I try my best but fail? Will this change other people’s views on me? But as an old saying goes: "You miss 100 percent of the shots (尝试) you don’t take." You won’t be able to achieve anything unless you try. Everybody knows that, but taking the first step towards a g 3 can be the hardest one. I’ve seen advertisements for jobs and spent so much time thinking about how much stress I would get in an i 4 and worrying that I probably wouldn’t get the job. I missed a lot of chances that I wish I hadn’t. Next time when you have the same problem, ask yourself: What do you have to lose by trying? The w 5 thing is that you don’t end up succeeding. But by not trying, you have already lost. And a 6 , what is so bad about failing? Of course no one enjoys it. But it makes you stronger and that’s how we learn and improve. I still get nervous when I am faced with a challenge. And I have not succeeded in everything, but I try to see every chance I take as one that prepares me for the future. Whenever you don’t dare to take a chance or complete a task, please r 7 yourself that you can’t miss this chance. And you have nothing to lose. Jessica 【答案】1．(h)esitate 2．(c)ommon 3．(g)oal 4．(i)nterview 5．(w)orst 6．(a)ctually 7．(r)emind 【导语】本文主要围绕利维斯向杰西卡倾诉自己做事犹豫、错失机会的困扰展开，杰西卡通过分享自身经历和观点，鼓励利维斯克服对失败的恐惧，勇敢尝试，抓住机会。 1．句意：当我有机会让梦想成真时，我犹豫并且感到紧张。根据“When I have a chance to make my dream come true”以及首字母提示，这里表示面对机会时因为反复思考而不敢行动，也就是“犹豫”，“hesitate”表示“犹豫”，使用动词原形，与and后的feel形式保持一致。故填(h)esitate。 2．句意：这种行为比你认为的更常见。根据“Most of us are held back by the fear of failure.”以及首字母可知，很多人都有这种因害怕失败而退缩的情况，“common”表示“常见的”，由“than”可知，此处用形容词比较级，more common是common的比较级。故填(c)ommon。 3．句意：但朝着目标迈出第一步可能是最艰难的。根据前文提到要尝试才能有所成就，这里表示朝着某个目标前进，结合首字母提示，“goal”表示“目标”，a后跟名词单数。故填(g)oal。 4．句意：我看到招聘广告，花了很多时间去想在面试中我会有多大压力，还担心自己可能得不到这份工作。根据“advertisements for jobs”以及语境，找工作时会面临面试，结合首字母提示，“interview”表示“面试”，an后跟名词单数。故填(i)nterview。 5．句意：最糟糕的情况是你最终没有成功。根据语境，这里是在说尝试后可能出现的结果，最不好的结果就是没成功，结合首字母提示，“worst”表示“最糟糕的”，形容词最高级前使用定冠词the。故填(w)orst。 6．句意：实际上，失败有什么不好的呢？这里是在进一步阐述观点，结合首字母提示，“actually”表示“实际上”，用来引出对失败看法的进一步说明，actually为副词，修饰整个句子。故填(a)ctually。 7．句意：每当你不敢抓住机会或完成任务时，请提醒自己你不能错过这个机会。根据“…yourself that you can’t miss this chance”以及首字母提示，这里表示提醒自己，“remind”表示“提醒”，please为祈使句的标志词，此处使用动词原形。故填(r)emind。 （2025·上海·模拟预测）Fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Helping Shanghai Take Out Its Trash Garbage became a keyword in Shanghai. The officials said they were moving forward with a citywide garbage-sorting plan. The plan won’t come into effect until July 1. However, Li Wei, along with the other 238 families who live in his neighbourhood, has been living with a similar system for years. Here, he’d like to talk about their e 1 . In October 2018, the government chose their neighbourhood to be part of a pilot (试点) program for garbage sorting. To help the program run s 2 , they set up a volunteer team. He is one of the volunteers. Several of them, however, doubted whether they could lead residents (居民) to change their habits. They began with the usual methods. They posted notices around the neighbourhood. They also went door to door, spreading the word. Nevertheless, residents made plenty of m 3 . For example, many didn’t know wet garbage referred to food waste. I 4 , they thought it meant garbage that was wet. Some even refused to sort their trash. As a result, the volunteers had to do a great deal of sorting themselves. Meanwhile, they went around to e 5 the rules. They kept talking to those who refused to sort their trash. It was a matter of time and patience. Their e 6 paid off. Six months later, all residents in the neighbourhood had begun sorting their trash. Some even joined them to sorting garbage that was sorted improperly. Personally, Li Wei thinks face-to-face talks played an i 7 role. Sometimes, these talks led to conflicts, but they were far more effective than notices and flyers. It will be interesting to see what happens on July 1. Everyone should learn the benefits of garbage sorting and take part in the plan. 【答案】1．(e)xperience 2．(s)uccessfully/(s)moothly 3．(m)istakes 4．(I)nstead 5．(e)xplain 6．(e)fforts 7．(i)mportant 【导语】本文讲述了上海一个社区在政府试点垃圾分类计划中的实践经验，通过志愿者的努力和面对面交流，成功引导居民养成垃圾分类的习惯。 1．句意：在这里，他想谈谈他们的经验。根据“he’d like to talk about their”以及下文内容可知是谈论他们垃圾分类的经验，experience“经验”，不可数名词。故填(e)xperience。 2．句意：为了帮助项目顺利运行，他们成立了一个志愿者团队。根据“To help the program run”可知是帮助项目顺利运行，修饰动词用副词successfully“成功地”，smoothly“顺利地”。故填(s)uccessfully/(s)moothly。 3．句意：然而，居民们还是犯了很多错误。根据“many didn’t know wet garbage referred to food waste”可知许多人不知道“湿垃圾”指的是食物残渣，所以是犯了很多错误，mistake“错误”，用名词复数。故填(m)istakes。 4．句意：相反，他们认为是指湿的垃圾。根据“they thought it meant garbage that was wet”可知许多人不知道“湿垃圾”指的是食物残渣，相反，他们认为是指湿的垃圾，instead“相反”。故填(I)nstead。 5．句意：同时，他们四处解释规则。根据“the rules.”可知是向人们解释规则，explain“解释”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(e)xplain。 6．句意：他们的努力得到了回报。根据“Their...paid off”可知是努力得到了回报，effort“努力”，用名词复数。故填(e)fforts。 7．句意：个人而言，李伟认为面对面的交流发挥了重要作用。根据“played an...role”以及首字母提示可知是发挥了重要作用，important“重要的”。故填(i)mportant。 （2025·上海崇明·三模） If you can’t go to school, the school comes to you! In India, some children work to help their parents. These children often work at railway stations. They sell things to the people who travel on the trains. It is difficult for them to go to school as they work during the day. But, thanks to train platform schools, these children can now get an e 1 . At train platform schools, the children don’t go to a school to study. A teacher comes to the train station where they work. The children arrive at the train station very early in the morning and work for a couple of hours. Then, at eight o’clock, they start school. They sit with their classmates and the teacher on the platform and learn different subjects. Train platform schools are like t 2 schools in many ways. For example, the students at train platform schools study Maths, Art and English. However, they a 3 study practical subjects. For example, they have lessons in mutrition[l] and how to help people if they are ill. These subjects are useful for their home life. Students have lunch at around 11:15 a. m., then the school day e 4 at noon. Students play games together before they go back to work later in the afternoon. Train platform schools don’t have computers. If students want to know something, they have to ask the teacher or look in a b 5 . They can’t just log on and find the information on the internet. They don’t have a library either—the teachers bring everything with them. And there aren’t any school trips, because it isn’t p 6 at the train platform schools. Of course, the teachers at train platform schools are v 7 —they work for free. The first train platform school opened in 1985. Now there are many platform schools all over India with thousands of students. The teachers who work there believe that it is important for all children to have the chance to learn. They believe that if a child can’t go to school, then the school must come to the child. Word box[1] nutrition n. 营养 【答案】1．(e)ducation 2．(t)rue 3．(a)lso 4．(e)nds 5．(b)ook 6．(p)ossible 7．(v)olunteers 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了印度火车站平台学校的运作方式及其对无法正常上学的孩子们的教育意义。 1．句意：但是，多亏了列车站台学校，这些孩子现在可以接受教育了。根据前文“It is difficult for them to go to school as they work during the day.”和首字母e可知，以前孩子们上学困难，但是列车站台学校让孩子们可以接受教育，education“教育”，名词，作宾语，符合语境，故填(e)ducation。 2．句意：火车站台学校在很多方面和真实的学校相似。根据“Train platform schools are like...schools in many ways.”和首字母t可知，火车站平台学校在很多方面和真实的学校相似，true“真实的”，形容词，作定语修饰schools，符合语境。故填(t)rue。 3．句意：不过，他们也学习实用科目。根据“For example, the students at train platform schools study Maths, Art and English. However, they...study practical subjects.”和首字母s可知，他们除了学习文化科目之外，也学习实用科目。also“也，还”，符合语境，故填(a)lso。 4．句意：学生在上午11:15左右用午餐，然后中午放学。根据“Students have lunch at around 11:15 a. m.”可知，此处也用一般现在时，表示吃完午饭后放学，描述的是事实；主语school day为单数，此处填动词三单；end“结束”，符合语境，三单形式为ends。故填(e)nds。 5．句意：如果学生想知道什么，就必须问老师或翻书。根据“they have to ask the teacher or look in a...”和首字母b可知，学生需要查阅书籍来获取信息。book“书籍”，单数名词，作宾语，符合语境，故填(b)ook。 6．句意：没有任何学校旅行，因为在火车站台的学校里是不可能的。根据“because it isn’t...at the train platform schools.”和首字母p可知，在火车站平台学校，学校旅行是不可能的。possible“可能的”，形容词，作表语，符合语境。故填(p)ossible。 7．句意：当然，列车站台学校的教师都是志愿者，他们的工作是免费的。根据“the teachers at train platform schools are...—they work for free.”和首字母v可知，火车站平台学校的老师是志愿者，他们免费工作，volunteer“志愿者”，可数名词，空前为are，应变为复数volunteers，作表语。故填(v)olunteers。 复习提升 （2025·上海金山·三模）A Fun Friend for Everyone Is your idea of a perfect pet one that is soft, fury and loving? How about one that is e 1 to care for and won’t make a mess? You can have both with a robo-pet! A robo-pet, short for robotic pet, is not a real animal, but it looks like a real one. It’s also often covered in soft fur. But don’t worry if real cats or dogs make you sneeze. The fake fur on robo-pets is h 2 to anyone. These battery-powered pets can do many things that a real pet can do. They are pure and pretty. They can play games, bark and do more! Of course, robots can’t c 3 take the place of animals. Robots are limited in what they can be programmed to do. But this technology is improving. Soon it may be difficult to tell the d 4 between a robo-pet and a real pet. Older people are especially fond of robo-pets. They may not have the energy to care for a real pet. Older people may also have m 5 loss and can forget to care for a real pet. Or they may not be able to afford the food and medicine that animals need. But robo-pets don’t require such care and can be a fun presence in someone’s life. Robo-pets give them the chance to enjoy a pet w 6 any of the responsibilities. Robo-pets are p 7 among children, too. For children who are scared of real dogs or cats, robo-pets can also gradually help them face their fears. And if kids want to go beyond the typical dogs and cats, they can choose something more imaginative. Robotic toy leopards, dinosaur and more are also possibilities. Caring for a robo-pet can be a good way to learn responsibility. 【答案】1．(e)asy 2．(h)armless 3．(c)ompletely 4．(d)ifference 5．(m)emory 6．(w)ithout 7．(p)opular 【导语】本文主要介绍了机器人宠物的特点及其对不同人群的益处。 1．句意：那如果是那种易于照顾且不会弄脏东西的宠物呢？根据“and won’t make a mess”可知，此处描述的是机器宠物容易照顾且不会弄脏东西的特点，结合首字母“e”，可填easy，表示“容易的”，故填(e)asy。 2．句意：机器人宠物上的假毛对任何人来说都是无害的。根据“if real cats or dogs make you sneeze”可知，此处描述的是对真正宠物过敏的人不用担心机器人宠物，因为机器人宠物上的假毛对任何人都是无害的，结合首字母“h”，可填harmless，表示“无害的”。故填(h)armless。 3．句意：当然，机器人不能完全取代动物。根据“Robots are limited in what they can be programmed to do.”可知，此处描述的是机器人宠物虽然有很多功能，但不能完全取代真正的动物，结合首字母“c”，可填completely，表示“完全地”，副词修饰动词。故填(c)ompletely。 4．句意：很快，人们可能很难区分机器人宠物和真正的宠物。根据“between a robo-pet and a real pet”可知，此处描述的是机器人宠物和真正宠物之间的区别，结合首字母“d”，可填difference，表示“区别”，“tell the difference”即“区分”。故填(d)ifference。 5．句意：老年人也可能有记忆力减退的问题，可能会忘记照顾真正的宠物。根据“can forget to care for a real pet”可知，此处描述的是老年人可能会忘记照顾真正的宠物，这可能是因为他们的记忆力减退，结合首字母“m”，可填memory，表示“记忆力”，“memory loss”即“记忆力减退”。故填(m)emory。 6．句意：机器人宠物让他们有机会享受拥有宠物的乐趣，而无需承担任何责任。根据“any of the responsibilities”可知，此处描述的是机器人宠物让老年人享受拥有宠物的乐趣，而无需承担任何责任，结合首字母“w”，可填without，表示“没有”，故填(w)ithout。 7．句意：机器人宠物在孩子们中间也很受欢迎。根据“For children who are scared of real dogs or cats, robo-pets can also gradually help them face their fears.”可知，此处描述的是机器人宠物在孩子们中间也很受欢迎，结合首字母“p”，可填popular，表示“受欢迎的”，“be popular among”即“在……中间受欢迎”。故填(p)opular。 （2025·上海虹口·三模） If you are excited by solving puzzles, unlocking secrets and working as a team against the clock, then an escape room (密室逃脱) experience is perfect for you. There are lots of escape room businesses around Shanghai. As a family or a group of friends, you enter a room through one door. You must s 1 for keys, find tools or clues (线索), and try to move forward so you can escape through the exit door. You might go through several different rooms and maybe even secret tunnels that you find. Escape rooms often have a time l 2 of 60 minutes to solve all the problems. If you can’t finish it in the time given, you will f 3 in your task—but you will still have had an amazing time trying. Staff will offer clues if you get stuck. They watch the rooms on cameras and know how you are getting on. One of the best things is that all escape rooms have special theme (主题). Choose something you will find exciting, s 4 as magic adventures, space journeys, aliens, sport. You can also pick whatever else is available at the escape room business. Perhaps you will wear special clothes to m 5 the theme you choose. Wearing glasses and a white lab coat while trying to solve science-based puzzles, for example, adds even more fun. You may also see staff members in the rooms acting as characters to offer some advice or t 6 . If you can’t go along to an escape room in r 7 life, look for an online escape room experience. From the comfort of your home, you can begin a virtual (虚拟的) journey through the games, try to answer the questions and deal with the tests that will get you to the end. 【答案】1．(s)earch 2．(l)imit 3．(f)ail 4．(s)uch 5．(m)atch 6．(t)ips 7．(r)eal 【导语】本文介绍了密室逃脱游戏的规则、时间限制、主题选择等内容。 1．句意：你必须寻找钥匙，找到工具或线索，然后尝试前进，这样你就可以从出口门逃脱。根据“You must … for keys, find tools or clues”可知是寻找钥匙，此处表示“寻找”，search for“寻找”，为固定搭配；情态动词“must”后用动词原形。故填(s)earch。 2．句意：密室逃脱通常有60分钟的时限来解决所有问题。根据“ of 60 minutes”可知是有60分钟的时间限制，time limit表示“时间限制”，为固定搭配。故填(l)imit。 3．句意：如果你不能在规定的时间内完成，你将会失败；但你仍然会度过一段令人惊叹的时光。根据“If you can’t finish it in the time given”可知，此处要与“完成任务”形成语义对立，应用“fail in”，表示“在某方面失败”，will后加动词原形。故填(f)ail。 4．句意：选择一些你觉得兴奋的事情，比如魔法冒险、太空旅行、外星人、运动。根据“… as magic adventures, space journeys, aliens, sport.”可知，此处是在举例子，such as表示“例如”，用于举例。故填(s)uch。 5．句意：或许需要穿特殊衣服来搭配你所选主题。根据“ the theme you choose”可知是穿特殊衣服来匹配所选的主题，此处表示“匹配，搭配”，match the theme表示“匹配主题”，此处是不定式，动词用原形。故填(m)atch。 6．句意：你可能会看到房间里的工作人员扮演角色，提供一些建议或提示。根据“offer some advice or …”可知，此处与“advice”并列，要用名词；根据首字母提示，应为tip，表示“提示”；前面有some修饰，因此用复数形式。故填(t)ips。 7．句意：如果你在现实生活中无法去一个密室逃脱，那就找一个在线密室逃脱体验。根据“look for an online escape room”可知，此处与后面的“在线密室逃脱”形成对比。in real life是固定搭配，表示“在现实生活中”。故填(r)eal。 （2025·上海闵行·三模）What’s the future of social media? Read the opinions of three experts. Jacob Stone, Media Director The end of screen All types of technology will use v 1 to control. That is to say, you talk to your device and it will follow your instructions. Therefore, screens won’t be important. Wanting the 1 2 smartphones with bigger and better screens will be a thing of the past. Instead, we will see holograms (全息影像)-pictures in the real world. They will look amazingly real. Nowadays we chat with friends and look at their face on our phone or computer. In 20 years, we’ll be able to see them sitting next to us, looking very much like a real person. Alyssa Tyrone, Creative Manager Connected to everything and everyone I think we will definitely have an electronic device inside our body which will connect us to everything around us. We will be connected to the m 3 in our homes and places of work, like our cookers and calculators. Well be connected to the Internet, too. In this way. we can find information just by thinking about it. And, of course, we will be connected to each other. It will be possible to share our thoughts and feelings with each other d 4 , even when we’re in different parts of the world. Dev Khan, Digital Product Developer New ways to communicate with friends At the moment, I keep in touch with my friends on social media by liking posts, w 5 reviews and uploading (上传) photos. In 20 years, I think I will disconnect from all these. I’ll put on a pair of s 6 glasses, which will enable me to meet my friends in virtual (虚拟的) worlds. It will be possible to choose the place, from a beach in Spain to a cafe in London. I’ll bring together people from my real life and my online fiends to have social time together. Even though we’ll all be in different places, we’ll chat and share jokes, and the e 7 will be completely real. 【答案】1．(v)oices 2．(l)atest 3．(m)achines 4．(d)irectly 5．(w)riting/(w)atching 6．(s)mart/(s)pecial 7．(e)xperience 【导语】本文探讨了社交媒体的未来发展趋势，三位专家分别从不同角度提出了他们的预测。 1．句意：各种技术都将使用语音来控制。根据“you talk to your device and it will follow your instructions”可知，此处是指用语音来控制设备，voice“语音”，此处用复数形式表示泛指，故填(v)oices。 2．句意：想要屏幕更大、更好的最新智能手机将成为过去。根据“smartphones with bigger and better screens”可知，此处是指最新的智能手机，latest“最新的”，故填(l)atest。 3．句意：我们将与家中和工作场所的机器连接，比如我们的炊具和计算器。根据“like our cookers and calculators”可知，此处是指机器，machine“机器”，此处用复数形式表泛指，故填(m)achines。 4．句意：我们将能够直接与彼此分享我们的想法和感受，即使我们在世界的不同地方。根据“It will be possible to share our thoughts and feelings with each other...even when we’re in different parts of the world”可知，此处是指直接分享想法和感受，directly“直接地”，副词修饰动词，故填(d)irectly。 5．句意：目前，我通过点赞帖子、写评论和上传照片在社交媒体上与朋友保持联系。根据“liking posts...and uploading (上传) photos”可知，此处是指写/看评论，write“写”/watch“看”都符合，此处与“liking”、“uploading”并列，用动名词形式，故填(w)riting/(w)atching。 6．句意：我会戴上一副智能眼镜，这让我能在虚拟世界中见到我的朋友。根据“which will enable me to meet my friends in virtual (虚拟的) worlds”可知，此处是指智能/特殊的眼镜，smart“智能的”/special“特别的”都符合，形容词作定语修饰glasses，故填(s)mart/(s)pecial。 7．句意：即使我们都在不同的地方，我们也会聊天，分享笑话，体验将完全真实。根据“we’ll chat and share jokes, and the...will be completely real”可知，此处是指体验，experience“体验，经历”，此处用单数，故填(e)xperience。 （2025·上海金山·一模）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺；每空格限填一词，首字母已给。 Jack escaped from prison because he wanted to find two men, Martin and someone called “Laohu”. That was all Jack knew about the second man. He knew Martin when they were officers in the army. Richard, the detective, left London on the same day Jack escaped. His job was to help the police c 1 Jack again. Richard got on the train at five o’clock and an hour later, he was asleep in the warm train compartment (车厢) while Jack was still in his hiding place in the field, 100 miles away. The winter evening got darker and colder and he could hardly feel his f 2 arms and legs. Jack was hungry and tired. He knew clearly that he had to find food, warm clothing and a warm place somewhere. “I can’t just stay in this field and die of the cold!” he said to h 3 . Then Jack stood up and began to walk. A few minutes later, Jack could see better in the moonlight. He looked around and saw a small light, not far away. “What can it be? It can’t be a car because it isn’t m 4 . It must be a house!” he thought and began to walk towards it. The light got larger. It was a house. He could see the form of the roof in the d 5 . Ten minutes later, Jack was outside the house. He stopped and listened, but felt strange. He couldn’t hear anything, not e 6 a television, but he was sure there must be someone there because there was a light on. An idea suddenly appeared, “This is probably the only house around for miles! The police know I’m probably around here somewhere. And if they’re anywhere, they’re in that house, waiting for me!” Jack kept still. His face and hands were like ice in the snow. “I have to take the c 7 ! I have to! This is the only place I can find warm clothes and food!” he thought. At that time, he heard the sound of the train. 【答案】1．(c)atch 2．(f)rozen 3．(h)imself 4．(m)oving 5．(d)ark/(d)arkness 6．(e)ven 7．(c)hance 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了杰克从监狱逃脱后，在寒冷冬夜的野外艰难求生的经历。 1．句意：他的任务是协助警方再次抓住杰克。根据上文“Jack escaped from prison”、“His job was to help the police ...”以及首字母“c”提示可知，Richard作为侦探，他的工作是帮助警察再次抓住杰克；考查catch“抓住”，动词；根据空前“help the police”可知，这里考查help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词原形。故填(c)atch。 2．句意：冬日的夜晚愈发黑暗和寒冷，他几乎感觉不到自己冻僵的胳膊和腿。根据上文“winter evening got darker and colder”和首字母“f”提示可知，冬天的夜晚很寒冷，所以此处是指他的胳膊和腿都冻僵了，应用形容词frozen“冻僵的”，在句中作定语，修饰名词“arms”和“legs”。故填(f)rozen。 3．句意：“我不能就这么待在这片田野里冻死！”他自言自语道。根据“I can’t just stay in this field and die of the cold!”和首字母“h”提示可知，“我不能就待在这片田野里冻死！”这是他在自言自语；考查say to oneself“自言自语”，固定搭配，应用himself“他自己”，反身代词。故填(h)imself。 4．句意：不可能是一辆车，因为它没有移动。根据“It can’t be a car”和首字母“m”提示可知，它不可能是汽车，因为车通常是移动的；考查moving“移动的”。故填(m)oving。 5．句意：在黑暗中，他能看到屋顶的轮廓。根据上文“The winter evening got darker”和首字母“d”提示可知，此处是指在夜晚的黑暗中他能看到屋顶形状；考查in the dark/darkness“在黑暗中”，介词短语。故填(d)ark/(d)arkness。 6．句意：他什么声音都听不到，甚至连电视声都没有，但他确定里面一定有人，因为灯还亮着。根据“not … a television”和首字母“e”提示可知，此处是指他甚至连电视声都听不到，应用even加强语气，突出房子里异常安静。故填(e)ven。 7．句意：我必须冒险一试！根据语境和首字母“c”提示可知，杰克虽然怀疑房子里可能有警察在等他，但他又很冷很饿，需要食物和温暖的衣服，所以他觉得自己必须 “冒险”；考查take the chance“冒险”，动词短语。故填(c)hance。 （2025·上海黄浦·一模）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。 Know Your Feelings Take a moment to notice how your body feels right now. Is your breathing fast or slow? Is your mind busy with thoughts, or focused on what you’re reading? These are s 1 from your body and brain that show how you’re feeling. Where do feelings come from? “Feelings start in our brains and exist in our bodies,” says Ekta Hattangady, a counselor who helps people with their problems through conversation. Hattangady e 2 how different emotions show up in our bodies. “When we’re happy or find something funny, we smile. When someone surprises us, our chest or throat might feel tight. When we’re scared, our breathing can become short,” she says. Why do feelings m 3 ? Feelings are important because they give us clues about what we need. If you’re angry, it might mean something is unfair, and you need help to fix it. If you’re sad, it could mean you need comfort or time to feel b 4 . Understanding your feelings, called emotional awareness, is a key part of growing up. It helps you express what you’re feeling, which makes it easier to get the help you need to work through things. Emotions are messengers You might have seen the movie Inside Out 2. In it, the characters in Riley’s brain represent her c 5 emotions. Each one takes over as she faces big life events. We see joy, fear, and sadness appear when Riley starts high school and worries about losing her friends. Riley learns to understand that all feelings are normal and natural r 6 to different situations, and they all have an important role to play. Try making it a habit to notice how you feel during the day or week. Hattangady says, “Feelings don’t last f 7 —they come and go. Learning to notice them without letting them control you helps us stay calm and make wise choices.” 【答案】1．(s)ignals 2．(e)xplains 3．(m)atter 4．(b)etter 5．(c)ore 6．(r)esponses 7．(f)orever 【导语】本文讲述了情绪的来源，意义和应对情绪的方法。 1．句意：这些都是来自你的身体和大脑的信号，表明你的感受。根据“from your body and brain that show how you’re feeling.”以及首字母，此处是说来自你身体和大脑的信号，signals“信号”符合语境，结合“are”可知，填名词复数。故填(s)ignals。 2．句意：哈坦格迪解释了不同的情绪如何在我们的身体中表现出来。根据“how different emotions show up in our bodies”以及首字母提示可知，此处应该说解释了情绪如何表现，explain“解释”，该句是一般现在时，主语是“Hattangady”，动词填三单形式。故填(e)xplains。 3．句意：为什么感觉很重要？根据下文“Feelings are important because they give us clues about what we need.”以及首字母提示可知，此处是说为什么感觉重要，matter“要紧”，该句是一般现在时，主语是“feelings”，动词填原形。故填(m)atter。 4．句意：如果你悲伤，这可能意味着你需要安慰或时间来感觉好一点。根据“it could mean you need comfort or time to feel”以及首字母提示，此处是说感觉更好，better“更好”，故填(b)etter。 5．句意：在这部电影中，莱利大脑中的角色代表了她的核心情感。根据“Each one takes over as she faces big life events.”以及首字母提示可知，应该说代表了她的核心情感，core“核心的”，作定语。故填(c)ore。 6．句意：莱利学会了理解所有的感觉都是对不同情况的正常和自然的反应，它们都有重要的作用。根据“to different situations,”以及首字母提示可知，应该说对不同情况的反应，response“反应”，结合“are”可知，填名词复数。故填(r)esponses。 7．句意：感情不会永远持续下去——它们来来去去。根据“they come and go”以及首字母提示，此处是说不会永远持续，forever“永远”，故填(f)orever。 （2025·上海·模拟预测）Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给） We may meet with people we will never forget in our lives. We will never truly know how these people and how these moments affect us or to what extent (在什么程度上) they change the direction of the paths in our lives. When I was fifteen years old, our farmhouse door was knocked by Mr. Ingram. The old farmer lived about a mile away d 1 the road and needed help to cut grass. It was the first time I was actually paid for work—about 12 cents an hour, not bad when you consider it was 1939, a time when there was little business activity. Mr. Ingram liked the job I did and ended up hiring me to dig potatoes. I even helped when a b 2 cow was being born. One day, he found that an old truck was stuck in the soft, sandy soil of the melon field. It was full of melons so someone must have tried to steal b 3 their truck got stuck. Mr. Ingram explained that the truck’s owner would be returning soon, and he wanted me to watch and learn. Soon a man from a nearby village came with his two full-grown sons. They were know for fighting and s 4 . They looked very angry. Calmly Mr. Ingram said, “Well, I think you want to buy some watermelons.” There was a long silence before the man answered, “Yeah, I guess so. What are you asking for them?” “Twenty-five cents e 5 .” “Well, I guess that would be fair enough if you help me get my truck out of here.” It turned out to be our biggest sale of the summer, and an unpleasant, perhaps unfortunate incident had been prevented. After they left, Mr. Ingram smiled and said to me, “Son, if you don’t forgive your enemies, you are going to r 6 our of friends.” Mr. Ingram died a few years later, but I have never f 7 what he taught me on my first job! 【答案】1．(d)own 2．(b)aby 3．(b)ut 4．(s)tealing 5．(e)ach 6．(r)un 7．(f)orgotten 【导语】本文讲述Mr. Ingram给作者儿时带来难忘回忆的故事。有一天，有人来西瓜地偷西瓜，但是卡车被卡在了泥地里，Mr. Ingram没有与他们争吵，而是问他们是不是要买西瓜，偷瓜贼只好说是，并请求他们帮他把车子拖出来。 1．句意：沿着这条路，这位老农民住在离这条路一英里远的地方，需要帮助割草。短语down the road表示“沿着这条路”，此处缺少介词down。故填(d)own。 2．句意：我甚至在一头奶牛正在出生时也去帮忙。根据“cow was being born.”可知，这里指小牛出生，baby意为“婴儿”。故填(b)aby。 3．句意：里面装满了瓜，所以一定是有人想偷瓜，但是他们的车陷在沙土里了。前后是转折关系，此处缺少连词but。故填(b)ut。 4．句意：他们以打架和偷窃闻名。根据“It was full of melons so someone must have tried to steal”可知，他们以打架和偷窃闻名，steal意为“偷”，这里用stealing与fighting并列。故填(s)tealing。 5．句意：每个二十五美分。根据“I think you want to buy some watermelons.”可知，这里指每个二十五美分，each意为“每个”。故填(e)ach。 6．句意：儿子，如果你不原谅你的敌人，你就会失去我们的朋友。根据“if you don’t forgive your enemies,”以及常识可知，如果你不原谅你的敌人，你就会失去朋友，“run out of”表示“用完，耗尽”。故填(r)un。 7．句意：Mr. Ingram几年后去世了，但我永远不会忘记他在我第一份工作中教给我的东西！根据“Mr. Ingram died a few years later,”可知，老农民去世了，但“我”从未忘记他在“我”第一份工作时教给“我”的东西，“forget”表示“忘记”，这里用过去分词“forgotten”构成现在完成时。故填(f)orgotten。 （2025·上海闵行·三模）The Paradox of Effort: Why Resting Is Harder Than It Seems Do you ever dream of doing nothing at all, lying on a grassland for a whole afternoon, just staring at the sky and listening to the silence? It may sound like a l 1 idea, but in fact we can find doing nothing at all—and no sleep—very hard to do. In a famous study a few years ago at the University of Virginia, participants were led one at a time into a c 2 empty room with no distractions (分心之物). They had no phones, no books, no screens—and they weren’t allowed to take a nap. Electrodes (电极) were fitted to their ankles, and they were left alone for 15 minutes. It was a chance to kick back and relax for a short while. So, how did it go? Well, before being left alone, participants were shown how to press a computer key connected to a machine that gave an electric shock. You might think that having tried it once, no one would want to do it again. W 3 . In fact, 71% of the men and 25% of the women gave themselves at least one electric shock during their time alone and one man shocked himself a shocking 190 times. It turns out that having nothing to do was so torturing (折磨人的) that many of the participants p 4 to, in fact, torture themselves rather than put up with no distraction. This experiment is an e 5 example, but we know from everyday life that people continuously choose to do things they don’t need to do and which are sometimes painful. Think of your friends who run 40 kilometers a time or set punishing rules at the gym. They go way beyond what is required for their health and fitness. Michael Inzlicht from the University of Toronto calls this the paradox (悖论) of effort. Sometimes we take the easy way and do as little as possible, but other times we actually enjoy the situations more when we have to work hard. The j 6 of putting in effort can be so great that we choose not to take the easy way out. For example, we might spend hours solving a difficult math problem on our own instead of just looking up the answer on a learning app. During this difficult time, we can find that we are not born l 7 . Indeed in a strange way we might find that doing less, and resting more, actually requires a lot more effort than one would think. 【答案】1．(l)ovely 2．(c)ompletely 3．(W)rong 4．(p)referred 5．(e)xtreme 6．(j)oy 7．(l)azy 【导语】本文通过弗吉尼亚大学的研究（参与者在无干扰房间的异常行为 ）及日常生活例子（如朋友过度运动 ），阐述了努力的悖论，即人们有时宁愿努力做事也不愿轻松度日，说明休息比看上去更难，少做事多休息实则需付出更多努力。 1．句意：这听起来可能是个美妙的主意，但事实上我们会发现，什么都不做（而且还不睡觉 ）其实非常难。根据前文“lying on a grassland for a whole afternoon, just staring at the sky and listening to the silence”可知这样惬意的场景，这种场景给人的感觉是不错的，所以需要一个表示美好、宜人的形容词来修饰“idea”。故填(l)ovely。 2．句意：在几年前弗吉尼亚大学的一项著名研究中，参与者被依次带入一个完全空旷且没有干扰物的房间。根据“empty room with no distractions”可知这里需要一个副词来修饰“empty”，强调房间没有任何东西干扰，是完全空旷的状态，从文中对房间的描述可推出。故填(c)ompletely。 3．句意：你可能会认为试过一次之后，没人会想再做一次。错了。根据“You might think that having tried it once, no one would want to do it again.”，“In fact, 71% of the men and 25% of the women gave themselves at least one electric shock during their time alone”可知前后形成转折，说明前面的想法是错误的。故填(W)rong。 4．句意：事实证明，无事可做是如此折磨人，以至于许多参与者宁愿折磨自己，也不愿忍受没有分心的事情。根据“It turns out that having nothing to do was so torturing that many of the participants... rather than put up with no distraction.”结合固定搭配prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，从参与者的行为可推出他们宁愿折磨自己。故填(p)referred。 5．句意：这个实验是一个极端的例子，但我们从日常生活中知道，人们不断地选择做他们不需要做的事情，有时是痛苦的。前文描述的实验中，参与者在无事可做时宁愿电击自己，这种情况比较特殊、超出常理，所以需要一个表示极端的形容词来修饰“example”。故填(e)xtreme。 6．句意：付出努力的快乐是如此之大，以至于我们选择不走捷径。根据“Sometimes we take the easy way and do as little as possible, but other times we actually enjoy the situations more when we have to work hard.”说明付出努力能带来一种让人愿意选择努力而非轻松方式的感受，即愉悦感。故填(j)oy。 7．句意：在这个困难的时刻，我们可以发现，我们不是天生懒惰的。前文提到人们有时宁愿努力做事，比如自己花时间解数学难题，也不愿选择轻松查找答案的方式，说明人不是天生就倾向于懒惰、不做事。故填(l)azy。 （2025·上海闵行·模拟预测）What do we need to do in order to be great team members? I have four awesome things that we can do when teamwork makes the dream work. Listen We learn how to listen. We have to listen to understand what our r 1 is, what others expect of us and how to be part of the team. But being a great listener doesn’t stop there. What about those people we may d 2 with? Those that have different opinions than us. Listening helps there too because it allows us to really hear what others have to say and when we do, we can always learn something new. Value others’ opinions and maybe even realize that their idea is better than ours. Learn to listen and if you do, you will be a great team member Speak We all know how to talk, but can we speak? Speaking is different than talking. Listening may teach us to respect others’ ideas but speaking helps us put that respect into a 3 . The way we speak to others on our team helps us express our own ideas and opinions in ways that others will understand and value. Build o 4 up How does it make us feel when others find our ideas good when they’re used and when they help the team achieve their goals? When we feel awesome about being heard, our self-confidence goes up and it encourages us to do m 5 . It makes us want to express our ideas. It gets us excited to be part of a team. Maybe we’re the shy one who would rather remain s 6 . Think We learn how to think. When we are presented with a problem, we have to solve it. But to get there, we have to really think about the solution. Look. Everybody is going to have a different way to approach the problem. But we need to take into consideration everything we have heard, e 7 all the choices, put our own experience into the equation (局面) and determine the best approach. So next time, when you are asked to work in a team for your class project, catch the chance to develop your teamwork skills. Just remember we’re part of a team. 【答案】1．(r)ole 2．(d)isagree 3．(a)ction 4．(o)urselves 5．(m)ore 6．(s)ilent 7．(e)valuate 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何成为优秀的团队成员，并提出了四个建议。 1．句意：我们必须倾听以了解我们的角色是什么，别人对我们的期望是什么，以及如何成为团队的一员。根据“We have to listen to understand what our...is, what others expect of us and how to be part of the team.”和首字母可知，此处表达我们的角色是什么，role“角色”，此处用其单数形式。故填(r)ole。 2．句意：那么那些我们可能不同意的人呢？根据“What about those people we may...with?”和首字母，以及后文“Those that have different opinions than us.”可知，此处表达可能不同意，disagree“不同意”，情态动词may后接动词原形。故填(d)isagree。 3．句意：倾听可以教会我们尊重他人的想法，但说话可以帮助我们将这种尊重付诸行动。根据“Listening may teach us to respect others’ ideas but speaking helps us put that respect into a...”和首字母可知，此处表达将这种尊重付诸行动，action“行动”，此处用其单数形式。故填(a)ction。 4．句意：建立自信。根据“Build...up”和首字母，以及后文“当我们因为被倾听而感觉很棒时，我们的自信心就会上升”可知，此处表达建立自信，ourselves“我们自己”，build ourselves up“建立自信”。故填(o)urselves。 5．句意：当我们因为被倾听而感觉很棒时，我们的自信心就会上升，这会鼓励我们做得更多。根据“When we feel awesome about being heard, our self-confidence goes up and it encourages us to do...”和首字母可知，此处表达做得更多，more“更多”。故填(m)ore。 6．句意：也许我们是那个宁愿保持沉默的害羞的人。根据“Maybe we’re the shy one who would rather remain...”和首字母可知，此处表达保持沉默，silent“沉默的”，形容词作表语。故填(s)ilent。 7．句意：但是我们需要考虑我们所听到的一切，评估所有的选择，把我们自己的经验应用到这个局面中，并确定最佳的方法。根据“But we need to take into consideration everything we have heard,...all the choices, put our own experience into the equation and determine the best approach.”和首字母可知，此处表达评估所有的选择，evaluate“评估”，此处与take、put和determine构成并列结构，用动词原形。故填(e)valuate。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题16 首字母填空技巧讲练（20篇精选热点） 内容导航 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 1 考点一：学法指导 1 考题再现 3 考点二：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—代词 4 考点三：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—副词 5 考点四：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—名词 5 考点五：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—形容词 6 考点六：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—动词 7 考点七：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—连词 8 考点八：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—介词 8 考题再现 9 难点强化 13 复习提升 23 核心考点聚焦 考点一：学法指导 1. 总述 首字母填空既考查学生对语法、词汇、句型、搭配等基础知识的综合运用能力，也考查了学生对文章的阅读理解能力。其中，着重考查学生在具体的语境中运用语言知识的能力，根据文章内容进行合理的逻辑推断和分析概括的能力。一般来讲，在考试中，七个首字母，会涉及到不同词性。以名词、动词、形容词和副词为主，虚词为辅。 2. 解题技巧 （1） 通读全文，了解大意 通读全文的目的是能够做到整体把握文章，迅速的了解文章大意，并且对文章的整体结构和中心思想有一个基本的了解。通读全文时，不宜看一空填一空，以免造成所填答案不符合全文的要求。 （2） 把握段首句 中考的首字母往往以议论文为主，而段落的开首句，往往揭示了整段的段意。因此在考试中，把握好段首句，可以窥探到整段的全貌，以首句的时态，意义为立足点，可以方便我们判断整段的大意及主题。 （3） 抓住关键词 文章的展开是按照一定的逻辑关系的，因此在文章中，作者也会使用一些关键的表现逻辑关系联词，例如：but、so、in addition等。这些关键词，可以帮助我们联系上下文展开合理的逻辑分析，了解所提问的特定语境和语篇的内在关系。 （4） 熟悉考纲词组的固定搭配 考纲搭配在中考的考查中占据了重要的位置，而在首字母中，也出现过直接考查固定搭配的情况，因此，在平时的学习过程中，需要巩固好考纲词组。 （5） 联系上下文解题 在解题过程中，应当遵循“先易后难”的原则，当遇到解不出的题时，应当跳过。首字母填空着重考查学生对上下文的理解，因此，很多情况下，随着下文的展开和文章的深入，前面填不出的词，在下文中会有提示。因此，学生在作答时，应当加强联系前后文，充分利用上下文中的有效信息，确定答案。 （6）重读文章，检验答案 当全部答完后，一定要把文章重新读一遍。查看文章是否通顺，语法是否有误。如果发现有不顺畅的地方，则需要再进行推敲。个别单词的形式要着重注意。例如：动词的时态，名词的单复数以及形容词副词的级。 考题再现 （2025·上海金山·二模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给） It’s a feeling you’ve experienced before. You worry about whether you’ve prepared well, and about the possible future. Two scientists, Ramirez and Beilock have found that students can do better in exams if they spend ten minutes writing about their worries before the exams. In order to make people believe their idea, they did the experiment in the lab at first. They asked 20 college students to take a math test. Before the test, half of the students sat q 1 and the other half wrote about their feelings on the coming test. They found that the writing group did m 2 better than the students who sat silently. Their marks were 12% higher. But did writing really work well in our life? To answer it, the two scientists ran the experiment again before a real exam. This time, they worked with 51 ninth-grade students. The students were r 3 to have a 10-minute writing exercise before the exam. Half of them had to write about their thoughts on the coming exam, while the other half had to write about an unrelated topic. Their final scores showed that if the students wrote about unrelated topics, their scores were l 4 . If they wrote about their worries, their bad feelings had no influence on their marks. But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam? Mr Beilock says students alone can try it at home or in the library and s 5 improve their performance. This study has an obviously practical e 6 . The scientists found a simple way of helping the anxious students to perform at their true level. What’s more, they’ve shown that the key to c 7 our worries is not to push them away, but to face them bravely. 考点二：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—代词 A: anyone anything Another(2) all E: everything either H: himself herself(2) hers M: mine myself N: nothing(3) nobody O: ones Ourselves others(3) nobody Other S: something self someone(2)/somebody T: These/They(2) them themselves(2) W: .who Y: yourself(2)/yourselves 考点三：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—副词 A: along around always(2) almost according actually again anywhere also(2) alone as already B: back Besides(2) C: completely closely carefully(3) clearly cheaply D: down E: exactly(3) especially(2) easily(3) even ever either F: finally further G: hardly how hard H: However how happily(2) I: instead inside immediately L: Luckily late likely loudly later M: more N: not never(3) Nearly nearby O: only off outside often out P: probably Perhaps purposely properly probably/possibly possibly Q: quietly(2) / quickly R: really rather S: still seriously Sometimes soon(2) seldom safely simply(2) Softly slowly(2) Suddenly/Soon so silently T: terribly through then together traditionally U: usually W: when .well(2) with 考点四：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—名词 A: address actress(actor) amount arrangement area/attraction Army arm(s) animal advertisements activities assistant B: bus bedroom building breakfast C: country culture class customers chance(2) color college cooks countries confidence/courage choice community D: diseases dream(2) days difference dream/daydream E: exercise experience example end eyes elephants earth's education efforts F: film future friendship flat fun G: game grades greenhouse H: housework happiness(2) hobbies homes/houses history hole hair hopes hours .hand hobby habits house I: information idea invention J: journey jackets job K: key L: lesson list living life luck leg length languages light/lamp M: milk moments (moment) minutes men money(2) message matter members .mixtrue mistake N: name number . O: owner offers officials nature Not P: popular part problems(2) people(2/persons performance presents person’s planets(2) population power R: radio rest(2) responsibility rule reasons resources record reasons result S: summer story smile stars saying surprise side skills(2) seat service sex sightseeing sense snow T: trouble(2) thousands types things Transport teachers ticket trip Tea W: writer(2) way words wastes world(2) wind 考点五：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—形容词 A: alive afraid average B: biggest better bad best beautiful C: cheaper careful cool clear calm D: difficult(2) different(3) deep E: easier(3) empty either easy(4) F: frightened future fat familiar fashion fair famous failed G：good H: harmful hungry helpful heavier happy half I: independent impossible important K: kind L: less little(3) long (longer(3)) lower likely least liquid larger large M: many/most modern much more main N: noisy/noisier natural/necessary no nervous new O: other own P: prefect prettier pleased possible popular public personal(2) pleasant poor R: right reasonable real(2) rude recent responsible S: safe sorry same(3) special small sick safe sick straight surprised simple shy serious T: two tired(3) traditional these/three thicker thankful top U: useful unusual V: various W: wrong wonderful(2) wise warm(2) worried(2) worse(2) weak wore Y: young 考点六：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—动词 A: allowed(2) answer attract appeared arrived attracted accept Add awarded appear B: bring become(2) being book broke beat(2) C: call catch come correct collect closed care(2) completed cleaning changed confuses choose complain(2) caused change crying/calling climbed carried chatted caught cares .counted communicate create/cause cry control D: deal/do decided discovered disappeared driven develop dates/dated destroy drive divided E: enjoying encourages exchange end examined enjoy F: finds follow failed followed flew finish falling feel focus .flying G: give(20 H: help hurried happened hide holding heard I: is including invented improved interest invited increased improve Invite instead J: judge join K: known .keep L: leave locked love like learned looks live(2)/lead lie lose(2) like linked M: means makes N: named need needed noticed needs(2) O: offered opened offer P: Proved played protect planned pay published(2)/printed pushes prove pointed polluted prefer prepare provides produce R: refused relax read received(2) realize repair remember return research reduce reading raised S: spend stopped shout sleep seems showed Suppose spread sell suffered searched stepped saved(saving) swim smell smile stop(3) spoken slept survey/study saying Services shut Solving suggests suggest T: think try talks turning turn throw tasted training U: understand .used W: works want written walking worry writing wish wasted wondered 考点七：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—连词 A：Although(2) B: because(2) but H: However T：Though(2) W: while/when 考点八：首字母阅读高频词汇梳理—介词 A: among as after B: between behind(2) before(2) D: during E: except F：for(2) I: into L: like O: on T: through U: under W: without 考题再现 （2025·上海嘉定·二模） “Woof! Woof!” My name is Mak and I’m a golden retriever (猎犬). Today is my big day! My new owner is coming to the shelter to take me home. I came to this shelter after a rescuer saved me from the streets. I was a stray dog and homeless. I lived on the streets because my owner abandoned (抛弃) me. He just l 1 me on the street one day for reasons that I don’t quite understand. Life was really hard on the streets. I was a bit aggressive (好斗的) and fierce when the rescuer saved me. I showed my teeth and barked at him because I was very a 2 and hungry. In reality, I am really friendly and love human companionship (陪伴). B 3 , I was already house trained before I came to live in this shelter. So, I’m all ready for adoption (收养). I still remember the day I met my new owner. She came to look for a companion on a hot summer day last month. I was playing with my friends when she came to the shelter. I was jumping around like crazy and stepped right on her toes. I felt really nervous until she g 4 patted (轻拍) me on my head with a loving smile on her face. It was so heart-warming that I hugged her back in return straight away. It’s true that each adoption means two lives are saved. When you adopt, you save one of us by giving us a cozy home and, at the same time, free up shelter space for a 5 dog in need. I’m extremely excited about going to my new owner’s home but I still have w 6 . As an adult dog, I have some bad habits and I hope that my new owner will be patient with me. I hope that she’ll not abandon me like my previous owner. People should think twice if they aren’t ready to be r 7 for a pet. （2025·上海闵行·一模）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给出。 Snowboarding is an exciting outdoor activity and is becoming very popular among teenagers. Here, we find out how it can help you to become healthier and enjoy life more. Taking up snowboarding is a great way to help you to be c 1 and brave—even if you don’t get it right the first time. That’s why snowboarding is a fantastic way to learn and develop a new interest. I met Kathy Champion, 15, on Mant Blanc, where she e 2 why snowboarding was good for teens. Kathy started snowboarding at a young age. At only nine years old, she was already snowboarding with her dad in Scotland and she c 3 to love it to this day. “Being in the mountains for hours every day made me feel so good and alive,” she said. It helped her to understand how her body works because she learned skills to help her ride the snowboard p 4 also made her feel that she could do something very well. “Snowboarding taught me to believe in myself, even when I was worried about hurting myself.” Did she get hurt? “Yes, sometimes, n 5 serious,” she says. “But it didn’t make me stop. It made me want to succeed even more and get to the bottom of the mountain!” In what other ways can snowboarding make you healthy and enjoy life more? “It keeps you very fit, very positive, but it also helps you to make new friends,” Kathy says. She believes that doing an extreme sport also introduces you to a new and positive community. “You can get s 6 from people who understand what you’ re doing and are there to help you improve.” And she thinks the feel-good part of snowboarding can also help teenagers keep out of trouble. “Some people I know from school laugh at me when I tell them how great I feel after snowboarding. They think that hanging out on the street and doing stupid things is fun—I don’t see how!” So, what is Kathy’s a 7 to all teenagers? “Get a snowboard, get healthy and enjoy life!” （2025·上海虹口·二模）One day at breakfast, Mark couldn’t help sharing his food with his identical twin brother Scott. He couldn’t really share it, so he sent him a picture. “I’m a little envious (羡慕),” Scott said, “but I knew he was just making a j 1 .” Scott feels this way because he can’t get hot, fresh bread in space. Scott is the officer-in-charge of the International Space Station (ISS). He has been living there for a year. His twin, Mark, is also an astronaut, but has spent the last year on the Earth. Mark eats regular Earth food, exercises outside, and lives his life as usual. Scott only gets fresh food when cargo ships bring it to space. There are other d 2 too. Scott can only exercise on a special zero-gravity (零重力) machine and can’t go outside without a spacesuit. And of course, Scott floats around instead of walking. The International Space University (ISU) is studying everything that happens to both twins during the year, with the goal of finding out how living in space a 3 the human body. They already know that astronauts often get headaches, their bones get weak, and they are more likely to get sick. Scientists wonder whether staying in space longer makes these problems worse. The twins are helping them answer these questions. Based on the study results, future astronauts can then be trained and be p 4 for long missions (任务) to Mars. The twins came up with the idea after Scott was chosen for the one-year mission. The brothers asked ISU how they could help since Mark is also an astronaut. ISU recognized this as a rare opportunity which they could h 5 afford to miss. How can scientists tell which changes in health are caused by being in space, and which would have happened anyway? It would help if they could c 6 their astronaut in space with a copy of him or her on the ground. Scott and Mark are identical, so they share the same DNA．They are also both astronauts, so their overall health and training is pretty s 7 . From them, scientists can find out what spaceflight has actually done to the human body. That’s why the twins are so important. 难点强化 （2025·上海宝山·二模）Artificial Intelligence (Al) is all around us. Smart machines and computers are changing almost all parts of our lives in various ways. AI is like a magic a 1 in our daily lives. We now have robots to clean swimming pools and help us drive if we wish. We can talk to our phones now and use Al for all kinds of things. They answer our questions, help us write e-mails, and even make us look better in photos! When Al is used by the wrong people, however, it could also lead to s 2 problems. A good example of this is when people use Al to make fake (虚假的) videos or photos. The problem is that the smarter Al gets, the harder it is for the human eye to tell what is real and what is not. These “deepfakes” might be fun to watch if they are about s 3 and famous people. But if there is a fake video of you on the Internet doing something really stupid, it might not be so “funny” anymore. What’s worse is that AI which can c 4 a person’s appearance or voice can be used to cheat others, and this could be dangerous. Will Al make big changes to the way we live, work, and have fun? Yes, it will, but there are still w 5 . On the other hand, if the young and old can learn to work with Al and to use it for the good of the whole planet, hopefully we will enjoy the a 6 it brings. The most important thing is not to be afraid of all these big changes, but to try our best to make the most of them. Al is really fantastic, but we need to be careful with it. We should learn how to use it safely and w 7 . Let’s all work together to make sure Al helps us live better and happier lives. Remember, the future is in our hands, and we can make it great if we use Al the right way. （2025·上海静安·二模） In the evening, our adventurers left San Francisco to travel to New York. An hour later, it started to snow. L 1 , the snow did not slow down the train. However, about nine o’clock the next morning, the train stopped. They were amazed to see hundreds of cows crossing the rails in front of the train. “I can’t believe this! This country has a modern railway, but the train must stop for a group of animals!” c 2 Passepartout. The train driver told them he had no c 3 . The cows could damage the engine, so they had to wait until the cows moved across the rails. Three hours later, when the train went through the mountains in Wyoming, it stopped again. A man from the next station told the driver that the bridge across the valley wasn’t strong enough to s 4 the weight of the train, but another train would arrive in four hours. “We can’t stay here. We’ll get frozen to the bone in the snow!” shouted one of the passengers. “Yes, but it will take six hours to go on foot to the next station,” said the train driver’s assistant. “I have an idea,” said the train driver. “If the train moves at its top speed, the pressure on the bridge won’t be as great as it was when it was stationary (静止的). And we can get across before the bridge breaks.” Passepartout was n 5 . The bridge could break before the train reached the other side! He could not understand why the other passengers seemed to think this was a good idea. “Isn’t there a better idea? Perhaps ...?” he began to ask the driver. The driver was not listening. “No, no, this is the best s 6 we have. The train’s leaving!” he shouted. The driver blew the whistle and the train went back along the rails about two kilometers. Then he blew the whistle again. The train moved faster and faster as it came closer to the bridge. In what seemed like minutes, or maybe it was only a few s 7 , they were over on the other side, just in time to see the bridge fall into the deep valley behind them. （2025·上海奉贤·二模）Is Bottled Water Better? Water makes up about sixty percent of your body weight. As a teenager, you should drink 1.4 to 1.9 liters of water every day. Most of us get our water at a low price from our taps. But some people prefer bottled water, even though it costs more. Bottled water first a 1 in the United States in the 1760s. A company called Jackson’s Spa bottled and sold mineral water. It said that the water could “produce good effects on people’s bodies”. Since then, bottled water has become more and more popular worldwide. People drink about 10 percent more bottled water every year. In 2023, for the first time, Americans drank more bottled water than soda. Why has bottled water become so popular? Well, this may have something to do with people’s worries about the purity of tap water. According to one survey, 63% of Americans are worried a lot about the s 2 of their drinking water. However, research suggests such worries are u 3 . For most families, bottled water is not better than tap water. In fact, almost half of all bottled water comes from the tap. (The company may further process it, though.) And when it comes to taste, most of us cannot tell the d 4 . Students at Boston University once conducted a blind taste test. Only 20% of the taste testers were able to correctly pick out which one the tap water had been from among the samples. Making bottled water, however, r 5 a lot of resources. Plastic bottles are usually used only o 6 before being thrown away. Besides, more water goes into the making of a bottle of water than simply its contents. One study found that on average, companies use 1.39 liters of water to make one liter of bottled water. Do you prefer bottled water to tap water? It’s time to change your m 7 ! Bottled water is more expensive. However, it isn’t much better than the water you get from your kitchen tap. （2025·上海杨浦·三模）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Nowadays, students often use the internet for school work or homework. If we need information for an essay or project, we can find it online quickly and easily. However, there are millions of websites. Some of them provide a 1 information, but others contain incorrect and misleading content. This is why we should check a website before we believe what it is telling us. Imagine you have found an article that seems u 2 . Here are some tips to help you check it. First, look at the URL. It may tell you something about the website, its creator, its goal, and where it comes from. Then, think about why the writing was created. Is it to teach or e 3 something to you, or is it trying to advertise something? For example, if the article is telling you all about a well—known public figure and how important and amazing they are, be careful. Its real p 4 may be to get you to vote for them, so the information in it may not be fair. Next, check the writer’s b 5 by looking at the website. Look for a link to their “About me” page to learn more about their education and experience. Is he or she professional in this area? Do you think this person is able to write about the subject? After that, check to see whether any information has been taken from another website. If it has, go to the first source to check that the information hasn’t been changed. Also, look at the date of publication. Old articles can be unreliable because they m 6 the latest facts, or because the situation has recently changed. Finally, weigh everything up and decide if you trust the information. U 7 there is no way to be 100% sure that a site is trustworthy, so you need to consider all these things and then decide whether you trust it. If you post your own writing on a blog or website, some of these tips may help improve your own writing too. Give links and references to your information sources, and mention your own experience and expertise. （2025·上海·模拟预测）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Flying Taxis Are Starting To Take Off Imagine getting where you want to go far faster than you could in a car. Believe it or not, you might be able to do these things in an electric air taxi sooner than you think. An air taxi is a small aircraft, something like a mix between a helicopter and a drone (无人机) that can carry people from place to place. Air taxis don’t need a long runway like planes do. They can go s 1 up and down, like a helicopter. These exciting new aircrafts are taking a big step forward in June, the FAA (联邦航空局), the government group in charge of America’s skies, agreed to allow a company called Joby Aviation (航空) to start t 2 their new air taxi. Joby has been making and developing flying taxis since 2017. By 2025, Joby hopes to start carrying passengers for money. Joby expects their air taxis to provide a ride-sharing s 3 in the air. Just like you might use an app to order a car to pick you up, you could use an app to order an air taxi. Joby’s air taxis will be flown by a pilot, and can carry four other passengers. Compared with helicopters, Joby says their taxis are both quieter and cheaper. The company expects to charge about $3 a mile (1.6 kilometers) at first. But over time, they hope to bring the p 4 down to less than $1 per mile. But there’s still a lot to do before air taxis become c 5 . For one thing, governments need to make rules about where, when, and how these taxis can fly. And as exciting as the idea of flying taxis is, some people have w 6 about them. The taxis may be noisier than helicopters, but they’ll still be adding noise and traffic to our skies. Some people fear that only rich people will be able to a 7 to use them. Still, it seems likely that air taxis will be part of the future of travel. （2025·上海·模拟预测）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) I’m Jessica Dunn, your friend from the US. This is a section to help teenagers solve their problems.Q Dear Jessica, I’m puzzled by something about myself. When I’m about to do something, I always think it over and over. As a result, I’ve lost many chances. When I have a chance to make my dream come true, I h 1 and feel nervous. What should I do? LevisA Dear Levis, This behavior is more c 2 than you think. Most of us are held back by the fear of failure. What will happen if I try my best but fail? Will this change other people’s views on me? But as an old saying goes: "You miss 100 percent of the shots (尝试) you don’t take." You won’t be able to achieve anything unless you try. Everybody knows that, but taking the first step towards a g 3 can be the hardest one. I’ve seen advertisements for jobs and spent so much time thinking about how much stress I would get in an i 4 and worrying that I probably wouldn’t get the job. I missed a lot of chances that I wish I hadn’t. Next time when you have the same problem, ask yourself: What do you have to lose by trying? The w 5 thing is that you don’t end up succeeding. But by not trying, you have already lost. And a 6 , what is so bad about failing? Of course no one enjoys it. But it makes you stronger and that’s how we learn and improve. I still get nervous when I am faced with a challenge. And I have not succeeded in everything, but I try to see every chance I take as one that prepares me for the future. Whenever you don’t dare to take a chance or complete a task, please r 7 yourself that you can’t miss this chance. And you have nothing to lose. Jessica （2025·上海·模拟预测）Fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Helping Shanghai Take Out Its Trash Garbage became a keyword in Shanghai. The officials said they were moving forward with a citywide garbage-sorting plan. The plan won’t come into effect until July 1. However, Li Wei, along with the other 238 families who live in his neighbourhood, has been living with a similar system for years. Here, he’d like to talk about their e 1 . In October 2018, the government chose their neighbourhood to be part of a pilot (试点) program for garbage sorting. To help the program run s 2 , they set up a volunteer team. He is one of the volunteers. Several of them, however, doubted whether they could lead residents (居民) to change their habits. They began with the usual methods. They posted notices around the neighbourhood. They also went door to door, spreading the word. Nevertheless, residents made plenty of m 3 . For example, many didn’t know wet garbage referred to food waste. I 4 , they thought it meant garbage that was wet. Some even refused to sort their trash. As a result, the volunteers had to do a great deal of sorting themselves. Meanwhile, they went around to e 5 the rules. They kept talking to those who refused to sort their trash. It was a matter of time and patience. Their e 6 paid off. Six months later, all residents in the neighbourhood had begun sorting their trash. Some even joined them to sorting garbage that was sorted improperly. Personally, Li Wei thinks face-to-face talks played an i 7 role. Sometimes, these talks led to conflicts, but they were far more effective than notices and flyers. It will be interesting to see what happens on July 1. Everyone should learn the benefits of garbage sorting and take part in the plan. （2025·上海崇明·三模） If you can’t go to school, the school comes to you! In India, some children work to help their parents. These children often work at railway stations. They sell things to the people who travel on the trains. It is difficult for them to go to school as they work during the day. But, thanks to train platform schools, these children can now get an e 1 . At train platform schools, the children don’t go to a school to study. A teacher comes to the train station where they work. The children arrive at the train station very early in the morning and work for a couple of hours. Then, at eight o’clock, they start school. They sit with their classmates and the teacher on the platform and learn different subjects. Train platform schools are like t 2 schools in many ways. For example, the students at train platform schools study Maths, Art and English. However, they a 3 study practical subjects. For example, they have lessons in mutrition[l] and how to help people if they are ill. These subjects are useful for their home life. Students have lunch at around 11:15 a. m., then the school day e 4 at noon. Students play games together before they go back to work later in the afternoon. Train platform schools don’t have computers. If students want to know something, they have to ask the teacher or look in a b 5 . They can’t just log on and find the information on the internet. They don’t have a library either—the teachers bring everything with them. And there aren’t any school trips, because it isn’t p 6 at the train platform schools. Of course, the teachers at train platform schools are v 7 —they work for free. The first train platform school opened in 1985. Now there are many platform schools all over India with thousands of students. The teachers who work there believe that it is important for all children to have the chance to learn. They believe that if a child can’t go to school, then the school must come to the child. Word box[1] nutrition n. 营养 复习提升 （2025·上海金山·三模）A Fun Friend for Everyone Is your idea of a perfect pet one that is soft, fury and loving? How about one that is e 1 to care for and won’t make a mess? You can have both with a robo-pet! A robo-pet, short for robotic pet, is not a real animal, but it looks like a real one. It’s also often covered in soft fur. But don’t worry if real cats or dogs make you sneeze. The fake fur on robo-pets is h 2 to anyone. These battery-powered pets can do many things that a real pet can do. They are pure and pretty. They can play games, bark and do more! Of course, robots can’t c 3 take the place of animals. Robots are limited in what they can be programmed to do. But this technology is improving. Soon it may be difficult to tell the d 4 between a robo-pet and a real pet. Older people are especially fond of robo-pets. They may not have the energy to care for a real pet. Older people may also have m 5 loss and can forget to care for a real pet. Or they may not be able to afford the food and medicine that animals need. But robo-pets don’t require such care and can be a fun presence in someone’s life. Robo-pets give them the chance to enjoy a pet w 6 any of the responsibilities. Robo-pets are p 7 among children, too. For children who are scared of real dogs or cats, robo-pets can also gradually help them face their fears. And if kids want to go beyond the typical dogs and cats, they can choose something more imaginative. Robotic toy leopards, dinosaur and more are also possibilities. Caring for a robo-pet can be a good way to learn responsibility. （2025·上海虹口·三模） If you are excited by solving puzzles, unlocking secrets and working as a team against the clock, then an escape room (密室逃脱) experience is perfect for you. There are lots of escape room businesses around Shanghai. As a family or a group of friends, you enter a room through one door. You must s 1 for keys, find tools or clues (线索), and try to move forward so you can escape through the exit door. You might go through several different rooms and maybe even secret tunnels that you find. Escape rooms often have a time l 2 of 60 minutes to solve all the problems. If you can’t finish it in the time given, you will f 3 in your task—but you will still have had an amazing time trying. Staff will offer clues if you get stuck. They watch the rooms on cameras and know how you are getting on. One of the best things is that all escape rooms have special theme (主题). Choose something you will find exciting, s 4 as magic adventures, space journeys, aliens, sport. You can also pick whatever else is available at the escape room business. Perhaps you will wear special clothes to m 5 the theme you choose. Wearing glasses and a white lab coat while trying to solve science-based puzzles, for example, adds even more fun. You may also see staff members in the rooms acting as characters to offer some advice or t 6 . If you can’t go along to an escape room in r 7 life, look for an online escape room experience. From the comfort of your home, you can begin a virtual (虚拟的) journey through the games, try to answer the questions and deal with the tests that will get you to the end. （2025·上海闵行·三模）What’s the future of social media? Read the opinions of three experts. Jacob Stone, Media Director The end of screen All types of technology will use v 1 to control. That is to say, you talk to your device and it will follow your instructions. Therefore, screens won’t be important. Wanting the 1 2 smartphones with bigger and better screens will be a thing of the past. Instead, we will see holograms (全息影像)-pictures in the real world. They will look amazingly real. Nowadays we chat with friends and look at their face on our phone or computer. In 20 years, we’ll be able to see them sitting next to us, looking very much like a real person. Alyssa Tyrone, Creative Manager Connected to everything and everyone I think we will definitely have an electronic device inside our body which will connect us to everything around us. We will be connected to the m 3 in our homes and places of work, like our cookers and calculators. Well be connected to the Internet, too. In this way. we can find information just by thinking about it. And, of course, we will be connected to each other. It will be possible to share our thoughts and feelings with each other d 4 , even when we’re in different parts of the world. Dev Khan, Digital Product Developer New ways to communicate with friends At the moment, I keep in touch with my friends on social media by liking posts, w 5 reviews and uploading (上传) photos. In 20 years, I think I will disconnect from all these. I’ll put on a pair of s 6 glasses, which will enable me to meet my friends in virtual (虚拟的) worlds. It will be possible to choose the place, from a beach in Spain to a cafe in London. I’ll bring together people from my real life and my online fiends to have social time together. Even though we’ll all be in different places, we’ll chat and share jokes, and the e 7 will be completely real. （2025·上海金山·一模）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺；每空格限填一词，首字母已给。 Jack escaped from prison because he wanted to find two men, Martin and someone called “Laohu”. That was all Jack knew about the second man. He knew Martin when they were officers in the army. Richard, the detective, left London on the same day Jack escaped. His job was to help the police c 1 Jack again. Richard got on the train at five o’clock and an hour later, he was asleep in the warm train compartment (车厢) while Jack was still in his hiding place in the field, 100 miles away. The winter evening got darker and colder and he could hardly feel his f 2 arms and legs. Jack was hungry and tired. He knew clearly that he had to find food, warm clothing and a warm place somewhere. “I can’t just stay in this field and die of the cold!” he said to h 3 . Then Jack stood up and began to walk. A few minutes later, Jack could see better in the moonlight. He looked around and saw a small light, not far away. “What can it be? It can’t be a car because it isn’t m 4 . It must be a house!” he thought and began to walk towards it. The light got larger. It was a house. He could see the form of the roof in the d 5 . Ten minutes later, Jack was outside the house. He stopped and listened, but felt strange. He couldn’t hear anything, not e 6 a television, but he was sure there must be someone there because there was a light on. An idea suddenly appeared, “This is probably the only house around for miles! The police know I’m probably around here somewhere. And if they’re anywhere, they’re in that house, waiting for me!” Jack kept still. His face and hands were like ice in the snow. “I have to take the c 7 ! I have to! This is the only place I can find warm clothes and food!” he thought. At that time, he heard the sound of the train. （2025·上海黄浦·一模）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。 Know Your Feelings Take a moment to notice how your body feels right now. Is your breathing fast or slow? Is your mind busy with thoughts, or focused on what you’re reading? These are s 1 from your body and brain that show how you’re feeling. Where do feelings come from? “Feelings start in our brains and exist in our bodies,” says Ekta Hattangady, a counselor who helps people with their problems through conversation. Hattangady e 2 how different emotions show up in our bodies. “When we’re happy or find something funny, we smile. When someone surprises us, our chest or throat might feel tight. When we’re scared, our breathing can become short,” she says. Why do feelings m 3 ? Feelings are important because they give us clues about what we need. If you’re angry, it might mean something is unfair, and you need help to fix it. If you’re sad, it could mean you need comfort or time to feel b 4 . Understanding your feelings, called emotional awareness, is a key part of growing up. It helps you express what you’re feeling, which makes it easier to get the help you need to work through things. Emotions are messengers You might have seen the movie Inside Out 2. In it, the characters in Riley’s brain represent her c 5 emotions. Each one takes over as she faces big life events. We see joy, fear, and sadness appear when Riley starts high school and worries about losing her friends. Riley learns to understand that all feelings are normal and natural r 6 to different situations, and they all have an important role to play. Try making it a habit to notice how you feel during the day or week. Hattangady says, “Feelings don’t last f 7 —they come and go. Learning to notice them without letting them control you helps us stay calm and make wise choices.” （2025·上海·模拟预测）Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给） We may meet with people we will never forget in our lives. We will never truly know how these people and how these moments affect us or to what extent (在什么程度上) they change the direction of the paths in our lives. When I was fifteen years old, our farmhouse door was knocked by Mr. Ingram. The old farmer lived about a mile away d 1 the road and needed help to cut grass. It was the first time I was actually paid for work—about 12 cents an hour, not bad when you consider it was 1939, a time when there was little business activity. Mr. Ingram liked the job I did and ended up hiring me to dig potatoes. I even helped when a b 2 cow was being born. One day, he found that an old truck was stuck in the soft, sandy soil of the melon field. It was full of melons so someone must have tried to steal b 3 their truck got stuck. Mr. Ingram explained that the truck’s owner would be returning soon, and he wanted me to watch and learn. Soon a man from a nearby village came with his two full-grown sons. They were know for fighting and s 4 . They looked very angry. Calmly Mr. Ingram said, “Well, I think you want to buy some watermelons.” There was a long silence before the man answered, “Yeah, I guess so. What are you asking for them?” “Twenty-five cents e 5 .” “Well, I guess that would be fair enough if you help me get my truck out of here.” It turned out to be our biggest sale of the summer, and an unpleasant, perhaps unfortunate incident had been prevented. After they left, Mr. Ingram smiled and said to me, “Son, if you don’t forgive your enemies, you are going to r 6 our of friends.” Mr. Ingram died a few years later, but I have never f 7 what he taught me on my first job! （2025·上海闵行·三模）The Paradox of Effort: Why Resting Is Harder Than It Seems Do you ever dream of doing nothing at all, lying on a grassland for a whole afternoon, just staring at the sky and listening to the silence? It may sound like a l 1 idea, but in fact we can find doing nothing at all—and no sleep—very hard to do. In a famous study a few years ago at the University of Virginia, participants were led one at a time into a c 2 empty room with no distractions (分心之物). They had no phones, no books, no screens—and they weren’t allowed to take a nap. Electrodes (电极) were fitted to their ankles, and they were left alone for 15 minutes. It was a chance to kick back and relax for a short while. So, how did it go? Well, before being left alone, participants were shown how to press a computer key connected to a machine that gave an electric shock. You might think that having tried it once, no one would want to do it again. W 3 . In fact, 71% of the men and 25% of the women gave themselves at least one electric shock during their time alone and one man shocked himself a shocking 190 times. It turns out that having nothing to do was so torturing (折磨人的) that many of the participants p 4 to, in fact, torture themselves rather than put up with no distraction. This experiment is an e 5 example, but we know from everyday life that people continuously choose to do things they don’t need to do and which are sometimes painful. Think of your friends who run 40 kilometers a time or set punishing rules at the gym. They go way beyond what is required for their health and fitness. Michael Inzlicht from the University of Toronto calls this the paradox (悖论) of effort. Sometimes we take the easy way and do as little as possible, but other times we actually enjoy the situations more when we have to work hard. The j 6 of putting in effort can be so great that we choose not to take the easy way out. For example, we might spend hours solving a difficult math problem on our own instead of just looking up the answer on a learning app. During this difficult time, we can find that we are not born l 7 . Indeed in a strange way we might find that doing less, and resting more, actually requires a lot more effort than one would think. （2025·上海闵行·模拟预测）What do we need to do in order to be great team members? I have four awesome things that we can do when teamwork makes the dream work. Listen We learn how to listen. We have to listen to understand what our r 1 is, what others expect of us and how to be part of the team. But being a great listener doesn’t stop there. What about those people we may d 2 with? Those that have different opinions than us. Listening helps there too because it allows us to really hear what others have to say and when we do, we can always learn something new. Value others’ opinions and maybe even realize that their idea is better than ours. Learn to listen and if you do, you will be a great team member Speak We all know how to talk, but can we speak? Speaking is different than talking. Listening may teach us to respect others’ ideas but speaking helps us put that respect into a 3 . The way we speak to others on our team helps us express our own ideas and opinions in ways that others will understand and value. Build o 4 up How does it make us feel when others find our ideas good when they’re used and when they help the team achieve their goals? When we feel awesome about being heard, our self-confidence goes up and it encourages us to do m 5 . It makes us want to express our ideas. It gets us excited to be part of a team. Maybe we’re the shy one who would rather remain s 6 . Think We learn how to think. When we are presented with a problem, we have to solve it. But to get there, we have to really think about the solution. Look. Everybody is going to have a different way to approach the problem. But we need to take into consideration everything we have heard, e 7 all the choices, put our own experience into the equation (局面) and determine the best approach. So next time, when you are asked to work in a team for your class project, catch the chance to develop your teamwork skills. Just remember we’re part of a team. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$