第07讲 Unit 3 同步词汇及核心考点梳理-【暑假自学课】2025年新六年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（沪教版五四制2024）

第07讲 Unit 3 同步词汇及核心考点梳理 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练考点 强知识：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 第1部分 单元生词速记 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.pepper 甜椒 n. 2.pear梨 n. 3.strawberry 草莓 n. 4.carrot 胡萝卜 n. 5.beef 牛肉 n. 6.cucumber 黄瓜 n. 7.cabbage卷心菜 n. 8.yogurt 酸奶;一份酸奶 n. 9.tofu 豆腐 n. 10.watermelon 西瓜 n. 11.cheese 干酪;奶酪 n. 12.onion 洋葱 n. 13.list 一览表;清单 n. 14.fridge 冰箱 n. 15.noodle 面条 n. 16.choice 选择;挑选;抉择 n. 17.ingredient(尤指烹饪)材料;成分 n. 18.tasty 美味的;可口的 adj. 19.supermarket 超级市场;超市 n. 20.dish 一道菜;菜肴 n. 21.need 需要 v. 22.pleasure 高兴;快乐;愉快 n. 23.menu 菜单 n. 24.prefer 较喜欢;喜欢……多于…… v. 25.piece 碎片;碎块 n. 26.blog博客;网志 n. 27.fry油炒;油煎 v. 28.side-边;侧面 n. 29.birthday 生日 n. 30.surprise 意想不到(或突然)的事 n./使惊奇;使诧异:使感到意外 v. 31.recipe 食谱;烹饪法 n. 32.finally 最后 adv. 33.boil 煮沸;烧开 v. 34.share 分享 v. 35.soy sauce 酱油 n. 36.mutton 羊肉 n. 37.hot 热的 adj. 38.many许多;大量(修饰可数名词)pron./adj. 39.much 许多;大量(修饰不可数名词)pron./adj. 40.potato 土豆;马铃薯 n. 41.glass 玻璃;玻璃杯n. 42.water水 n. 43.restaurant 饭店;餐厅 n. 44.chicken鸡;鸡肉 n. 45.pie 果馅饼;果馅派 n. 46.Russian 俄罗斯的 adj. 47.beat(用叉等)快速搅拌;打 v. 48.grape葡萄 n. 49.chopsticks 筷子 n. 50.bowl 碗 n. 51.soup汤;羹 n. 52.celebrate庆祝;庆贺 v. 53.healthy健康的;有益健康的 adj. 54.introduce 介绍 v. 55.oil 食用油 n. 56.salt 盐 n. 57.tomato 番茄;西红柿 n. 58.today 今天;在今天 adv. 59.tradition 传统 n. 60.culture 文化 n. 61.breakfast 早餐;早饭 n. 62.happiness快乐;幸福 n. 63.unity 团圆 n. 64.eve前夕;前夜 n. 速记方法原则： 1. 食物类词根 - -berry（浆果） → strawberry（草莓） = straw（稻草）+ berry（浆果）→ 长在草上的浆果 → blueberry（蓝莓） = blue + berry（扩展词） - mel-（甜） → watermelon（西瓜） = water（水） + mel（甜）→ 多汁味甜的水果 - cucum-（藤蔓） → cucumber（黄瓜） = cucum（藤蔓植物）+ -er（名词后缀） - lact-（奶） → yogurt（酸奶） = yog（发酵）+ urt（=lact 奶）→ 发酵的奶制品 → cheese（奶酪） = 源自拉丁语 caseus（奶制品） 2. 烹饪动作词根 - -fy（使…化） → fry（油煎） = 古英语 frian（加热） → boil（煮沸） = 拉丁语 bullire（冒泡） - bat-（击打） → beat（搅拌） = 古英语 beatan（反复击打） 二、复合词结构分析 1. supermarket（超市） = super（超级） + market（市场）→ 大型综合市场 - 同根词：super（超级的）, market（市场） 2. birthday（生日） = birth（出生） + day（日子）→ 出生的日子 - 扩展：surprise（惊喜） = sur（超过）+ prise（抓住）→ 超出预期的抓取 3. chopsticks（筷子） = chop（快切）+ sticks（棍子）→ 快速夹取食物的棍子 - 文化记忆：中餐餐具 4. ingredient（食材） = in-（进入）+ gredi（行走）+ -ent（名词后缀）→ 构成菜肴的"组成部分" - 同根词：grade（等级），progress（进步） 三、高频后缀归类 名词后缀 - -able（可…的）→ vegetable（蔬菜） - -ment（结果/状态）→ pleasure（愉悦） = pleas（使高兴）+ ure - -tion（动作/状态）→ tradition（传统） = tradit（传递）+ ion - -ure（行为/结果）→ culture（文化） = cult（培养）+ ure 形容词后缀 - -y（充满…的）→ tasty（美味的） = tast（味道）+ y - -ful（具有…性质）→ healthy（健康的） = health（健康）+ y 四、无词根词汇记忆法 外来语/基础词 - tofu（豆腐）：日语借词（豆 + 腐） - beef（牛肉）：古法语 boef（牛） - mutton（羊肉）：古法语 moton（羊） - noodle（面条）：德语 Nudel（面食） 形象联想法 - pepper（甜椒）：形似"PP"（两个椒柄） - cabbage（卷心菜）：cab（出租车）+ bage（包袱）→ 像包起来的菜 - bowl（碗）：形似"b"（碗的侧面）+ "owl"（猫头鹰蹲在碗边） 五、文化主题词群 节日饮食文化 - eve（前夕） + celebrate（庆祝） = 节日庆祝 - grape（葡萄） + unity（团圆）→ 中秋葡萄象征团圆 - Russian（俄式的） + pie（派）→ 罗宋汤/俄式馅饼 厨房工具 - fridge（冰箱） = refrigerate（冷藏）的缩写 - chop（砍） + sticks（棍）→ chopsticks（筷子） 第二部分 词性变化 一、词性变化： 1. salt n. 盐 salty adj. 咸的 2. product n. 产品 produce v. 生产；引起 producer n. 制造商 productive adj. 多产的；有效益的 production n. 生产；产量 productivity n. 生产力 3. balance n./v. 平衡；保持平衡 balanced adj. 保持平衡的 4. plenty pron. 大量 plentiful adj. 丰富的 5. choose v. 选择 choice n. 选择 6. pleasure n. 高兴；快乐【U】 pleasant adj. 令人愉快的；惬意的 please v./int. 使开心；请 pleased adj. 满意的；高兴的 7. taste n./v. 味道，品味；尝起来 tasty adj. 美味的 8. need n./v. 需要 necessary adj. 必要的 necessarily adv. 必要地 necessity n. 必需品 9. surprise n./v. 意想不到的事；使…吃惊 surprised adj. 意外的 surprising adj. 令人惊讶的 10. fry v. 油煎 fried adj. 油炸的 11. final adj. 最后的 finally adv. 最后 12. Russia n. 俄罗斯 Russian adj./ n. 俄罗斯的；俄罗斯人/语 二 、词性变化默写版： 1. n. 盐 adj. 咸的 2. n. 产品 v. 生产；引起 n. 制造商 adj. 多产的；有效益的 n. 生产；产量 n. 生产力 3. n./v. 平衡；保持平衡 adj. 保持平衡的 4. pron. 大量 adj. 丰富的 5. v. 选择 n. 选择 6. n. 高兴；快乐【U】 adj. 令人愉快的；惬意的 v./int. 使开心；请 adj. 满意的；高兴的 7. n./v. 味道，品味；尝起来 adj. 美味的 8. n./v. 需要 adj. 必要的 adv. 必要地 n. 必需品 9. n./v. 意想不到的事；使…吃惊 adj. 意外的 adj. 令人惊讶的 10. v. 油煎 adj. 油炸的 11. adj. 最后的 adv. 最后 12. n. 俄罗斯 adj./ n. 俄罗斯的；俄罗斯人/语 第三部分 重点单词详解 考点1. .something pron.某事；某物 We know about the problem and we're trying to do something about it. 我们知道这个问题，我们正在努力做些什么。 【提示】something是不定代词，它所指代的对象不特定。任何事件或物品都可以用something来指代。 cook something的something就可以指代某种食物。当有形容词修饰something时，形容词置于其后。本句中的 something healthy指的就是“某种健康的食物”。 又如： He's telling us something funny.他正在给我们讲一件好玩的事情。 something作主语时,其后的动词要用单数形式。 如： Something strange is following me.有样奇怪的东西在跟着我。 cook sth for sb为某人烹饪 ；为某人做 【提示】也可以说成cook sb stho如： Dad cooked me lunch. =Dad cooked lunch for me.爸爸给我做了午餐。 on one's birthday 在某人生日那天 【提示】表示“在某人……岁生日”时，在birthday前加序数词,如： on Ben's twelfth birthday 在本12岁的生日时 考点2. 食物类 beef 牛肉 May I have roast beef today?今天我可以点烤牛肉？（餐厅点餐） 【提示】beef是不可数名词。大多数情况下，肉类都是不可数的。如meat （肉）、mutton（羊肉）、pork（猪肉）、chicken（鸡肉）等都是不可数名词。 tofu n.豆腐 Today's first cold dish is a plate of tofu with preserved egg.今天的第一道凉菜是皮蛋拌豆腐。 【提示】tofu是不可数名词，也常说成bean curd 。 pepper n.舌甘椒 【提示】pepper在英式英语中也称为sweet pepper,在美式英语中常称为bell pepper［因为长得像“铃铛（bell） ”而得名］。很多蔬菜、水果在完整的情况下 是可数的，如orange （橙子）、cabbage （卷心菜）、lettuce（黄苣;生菜）、tomato （西红柿）、potato（马铃薯）等。它们被切碎或掰开后则不可数。试比较： I need to buy three peppers/a kilo of peppers at the market. 我要去菜场买 三只/一公斤甜椒。（完整的甜椒是可数的） Today, I'll cook fried beef with green pepper.今天我要做青椒炒牛肉丝。 （青椒炒之前肯定已经被切成了丝或者是块，此时pepper是不可数名词） cabbage n.卷心菜 Do you like cabbage?你喜欢（吃）卷心菜吗？（不可数） Buy a cabbage and some tomatoes on your way home.回家的路上买颗卷心 菜和几个西红柿。（可数） onion n.洋葱 I always cry when I chop onions.我切洋葱的时候都会流泪。（可数） Fry the onion and garlic for about two minutes.把洋葱和大蒜一起煽炒两分 钟左右。（不可数） carrot 胡萝卜 Cut the two carrots into slices first.先把两根胡萝卜切成丝。（可数） How about fried pork with carrot today?今天吃胡萝卜炒肉好吗？（不可数） watermelon n. 西瓜 The watermelon is so big.这个西瓜太大了吧。（可数） A small piece of watermelon for me is OK.给我一小片西瓜就好。（不可数） cucumber n. 黄瓜 May I have three cucumbers, please?可以给我三个黄瓜吗？（可数） There is tuna and cucumber in the sandwich.这三明治里有金枪鱼和黄瓜。 （不可数） ［提示］sea cucumber 海参 strawberry n.草莓 Strawberries go bad very quickly.草莓很容易变质。 pear n.梨 We have a pear tree in the yard.我们家院子里有棵梨树。 yogurt n.酸奶;一份酸奶 【提示】yogurt也常拼作yoghurt,通常作不可数名词使用。使用a yogurt 时，常常表示“一份酸奶”。 如： I usually have some yogurt for breakfast,我早餐会喝一点酸奶。 There is a strawberry yogurt for you.那儿有一份给你的草莓酸奶。 cheese n.干酪;奶酪 【提示】cheese通常作不可数名词。如： goat's cheese 山羊奶酪 a cheese salad 奶酪沙拉 a piece of cheese 一块奶酪 corn n.（小麦等）谷物；玉米 The corns are on sale in the supermarket.今日超市玉米特价。（可数） We feed the chickens with corn,我们用谷物喂养这些小鸡。（不可数） oil n.食用油 We usually cook with vegetable oil in our family.我们家通常用植物油 做菜。 salt n.盐；食盐 Pass the salt, please.请把盐递过来。 bean n.豆；豆科植物 I usually pick the beans out before I eat the fried rice,我吃炒饭前会把里面的豆子先挑出来。 These coffee beans smell nice.这些咖啡豆真好闻。 product n,产品；制品 We have a new range of skin-care products.我们有一系列新的护肤产品。 bean product 豆制品 Tofu is one of the popular bean products in our country. 豆腐是我国受欢迎的豆制品之一。 grain n.谷物；谷粒 Most Americans don't eat enough fruits, vegetables or grains. 大多数美国人水果、蔬菜和谷物的摄入量不足。 The hen ate the grains of com on the ground.母鸡啄食地上的玉米粒。 考点3. each det. & pnm.（两个或以上的人或物中）各自，各个，每个 Each answer is worth 20 points.每题为 20 分。（each 修饰后面的 answer, 表示“每一个的”，相当于一个形容词） Each of the answers is worth 20 points.每道答题为 20 分。（each 指代 answers中的一个，相当于each answer,是一个代词） 【提示】each与every的区别 every强调全体的概念，与all相当;each强调个体概念。与almost .nearly 等连用时，常用every,不用each；和数词连用时，也只用every,如： Every student in our school works hard.我们学校的学生都很用功。 Each student may have one book.每个学生都可以得到一本书。 Almost every student has read the book.差不多每个学生都读过这本书。 The buses go every 10 minutes.公共汽车每隔10分钟发一班车。 every指三个以上的人或物（含三个）的“每个"，each指两个以上的人或物（含两个）的“每个”，如： There are trees on each side of the road.路的两边都有树。 every只作形容词,不可单独使用;each可作代词或形容词,可单独使用,也 可接名词,还可接of短语，如： I have read each of his books.他写的每本书我都读过了。（不能用every） 一Red or blue?你要红的还是蓝的？ 一I will take one of each, please.请每种颜色给我一个。 food group食物组;食物类别 【提示】food group指的是一组具有相似营养特性或生物分类的食物集合。 show sb sth = show sth to sb向某人展示某物;教某人某物 She showed her students the technique. （ =She showed the technique to her students.）她向学生演示了那个技巧。 【提示】show后面还常跟“疑问词+带to的动词不定式”结构。在上面的句子中,how much to eat from each food group every day 是平衡膳食宝塔所展现的内容。又如： Can you show me how to do it?你能教我怎么做吗？ 考点4. plenty pron.大量 一Do we need more milk?我们还需要再买点牛奶吗？ 一No. There's plenty in the fridge.不用。冰箱里还有很多。 （plenty 指代前面提及的milk,相当于plenty of milk） We had plenty to talk about.我们有说不完的话。（plenty 相当于a lot of things） plenty of 大量；很多的 【提示】plenty of与a lot of Jots of的意思和用法相近，用于表示事物数量多，可修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。 如： We have plenty of eggs in the cupboard.柜子里还有很多鸡蛋。 （修饰可数名词eggs） There‘s plenty of room for all of you!这里有足够的地方容纳你们所有的 人！［修饰不可数名词room（地方;空间）］ 考点5. .list n. 一览表；清单 Is your name on the list?你的名字在名单上吗？ 【提示】make a list of sth把 列个清单 Make a list of everything you need.把你需要的东西列个清单。 shopping list n.购物清单 She is making a shopping list for the picnic this weekend.她在为周末的野 餐列购物清单。 Owfew /fjui/ det. & adj.不多;很少 Few people understand the difference.很少有人了 解这个差别。 few有些;几个（用于可数名词之前） I'm only here for a few days.我只在这里待几天。 考点6. pleasure n.高兴;快乐；愉快 He takes no pleasure in his work.他从他的工作中得不到丝毫乐趣。 It gives me great pleasure to introduce our guest.我很荣幸来介绍我们的嘉宾。 My pleasure.不客气，很乐意效劳。 【提示】“My pleasure. ”是对别人表示感谢的一种礼貌回答，也可以说成 “It's a pleasure. "，但不能说成“It's my pleasure. 如： 一 It's very kind of you to take some many gifts to us.带这么多礼物给我们你真是太好了！ 一 My pleasure/Ifs a pleasure.您别客气。 第四部分 重点句子详解 1.Lin Dong wants to cook something healthy for his mother on her birthday. 译文：林东想在妈妈生日那天为她做一些健康的食物。 注释：something pron.某事；某物 something是不定代词，它所指代的对象不特定。任何事件或物品都可以用something来指代。 cook something的something就可以指代某种食物。当有形容词修饰something时，形容词置于其后。本句中的something healthy指的就是“某种健康的食物”。 something作主语时,其后的动词要用单数形式。 Something strange is following me.有样奇怪的东西在跟着我。 cook sth for sb为某人烹饪...；为某人做....=cook sb sth on one's birthday 在某人生日那天.表示“在某人……岁生日”时，在birthday前加序数词 on Ben's twelfth birthday 在本12岁的生日时 【例题】 1.We know about the problem and we're trying to do s_________about it. （单句首字母填空） 【答案】something 【解析】句意：我们知道这个问题，我们正在努力做些什么。 2.He's telling us ________. A.something funny B.funny something C.anything funny D.funny anything 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他正在给我们讲一件好玩的事情。something funny一些好玩的事情。 3.Dad cooked me lunch. （同义句转换）Dad _______ lunch _______ me. 【答案】cooked；for 【解析】句意：爸爸给我做了午餐。 2.He asks Wang Yiming for help. 译文：他请求王一鸣的帮助。 注释：ask sb for help请求某人的帮助 ask sb for sth 问某人要……;向某人征求…… He asked his mother for some pocket money.他问他妈妈要了一些零花钱。 【例题】 1.Why don't you _____ him _____ help? A.ask;of B.to ask;for C.asking; for D.ask;for 【答案】D 【解析】why don’t you do sth为什么不...。句意：你为什么不向他寻求帮助？ 2.I am writing to ask you for some a________ about my project.(单句首字母填空) 【答案】advice 【解析】advice n.建议。不可数名词。句意：我写邮件是想向你征求一些关于项目的建议。 3.Yiming shows Lin Dong the Food Guide Pagoda. 译文：一鸣向林东展示了平衡膳食宝塔。 注释：the Food Guide Pagoda指的是由中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所于2022年颁布的“中国居民平衡膳食宝塔”。它形象地展现了中国居民在营养上比较理想的基本食物构成。宝塔共分5层，通过各层面积大小的不同体现5大类食物摄入量的差异。如果你想对这座宝塔了解得更多,可以去中国疾病预防控制中心官网查看它的英文介绍。 4.She often has some beef for lunch. 译文：她常常会在午餐的时候吃牛肉。 注释：have ... for breakfast/lunch/dinner 早餐/午饭/晚餐吃.... 【例题】 1.Let’s have some pizza for lunch. （划线提问） ______ ______ ______ have for lunch? 【答案】What shall we 5.What does ‘eat the rainbow’ mean? 译文：“吃彩虹”是什么意思？ 注释：rainbow n.虹；彩虹 A rainbow has seven colours of red, orange, yellow, green, indigo, blue and purple.彩虹的七种颜色是赤橙黄绿青蓝紫。 这个句型常用于询问某个词或事物的含义。 —What does the sign mean?这个标识是什么意思？ —It means “No smoking,,,它的意思是“禁止吸烟”。 6.How to eat a healthy and balanced diet? 译文：如何吃健康均衡的饮食？ 注释：balanced adj.保持（或显示）平衡的 balance n.均衡；平衡 diet n.日常饮食；日常食物 His diet isn't very healthy.他的日常饮食不是很健康。 on a diet节食;减肥 She decided to go on a diet before her holiday.她打算在休假前节食。 【例题】 1.A ________ diet gives you all the vitamins you need.(balance) 【答案】balanced 【解析】句意：均衡的饮食能提供你所需的所有维生素。 2.Diet and exercise are both important to our_________ .(healthy) 【答案】health 【解析】句意：饮食与锻炼对健康同样重要。 7.plenty pron.大量 --Do we need more milk?我们还需要再买点牛奶吗？ --No. There's plenty in the fridge.不用。冰箱里还有很多。 （plenty 指代前面提及的milk,相当于plenty of milk） We had plenty to talk about.我们有说不完的话。（plenty 相当于a lot of things） plenty of 大量；很多的 plenty of与a lot of Jots of的意思和用法相近，用于表示事物数量多，可修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。 We have plenty of eggs in the cupboard.柜子里还有很多鸡蛋。（修饰可数名词eggs） ［修饰不可数名词room（地方;空间）］ 【例题】 1.There’s ________room for all of you! A.a lot B.a lots of C.plenty of D.many 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这里有足够的地方容纳你们所有的人！room此处不可数名词，表示空间。不用many修饰。 8.Healthy food choices 译文：健康的食物选择 注释：choice n.选择；挑选；抉择 make a choice between A and B 在A和B之间做出选择 In the past, women had to make a choice between a job and a husband. 过去，女性必须在工作和丈夫（婚姻）之间做出选择。 choose v. （chose, chosen）选择;挑选;选取 【例题】 1.We are facing a difficult________.(choose) 【答案】choice 【解析】句意：我们正在面对一个艰难的选择。 2.He c_________to stay at home instead of going out.(单句首字母填空) 【答案】chose 【解析】句意：他选择待在家里而不是出去。 9.I want to buy some ingredients for a dish-Rainbow Beef. 译文：我想买“彩虹牛肉” 这道菜的配料。 注释：ingredient （尤指烹饪）材料;成分 I don’t have the ingredients for（making）a cake.我没有做蛋糕的材料。 10.We make it with beef and a lot of vegetables. It's very tasty and healthy too. 译文：我们用牛肉和很多蔬菜来做这道菜。它很好吃，也很健康。 注释：make sth with ...用...来做 Can you make a model house with the cardboard?你能用这些硬纸板做一个模型屋吗？ tasty adj.美味的;可口的 delicious adj.美味的；可口的 yummy adj.（多用于口语中）很好吃的 taste n.味道;滋味 v.有……味道;尝，品（味道） 【例题】 1.Could you tell me how to make such________food?(taste) 【答案】tasty 【解析】句意：你能告诉我做出这么好吃的食物的窍门吗？ 2. People from Sichuan like ________ food, like fried chilies. A. salty B. sweet C. sour D. spicy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：四川人喜欢辛辣的食物，比如炸辣椒。 考查形容词辨析。salty咸的；sweet甜的；sour酸的；spicy辛辣的。根据“fried chilies”可知，此处应是指辛辣的食物。故选D。 11.--Do you need any beef？ --No, we have some in our fridge. But I'll also buy a bag of egg noodles. 译文：--你需要（买）牛肉吗？--不用，我们家冰箱里还有一些。但是我还要买一袋鸡蛋面。 注释：need v.需要。need作为行为动词主要有以下两种用法： ①直接加名词或代词。如：Do you need any help?你需要帮忙吗？ Don’t go.I may need you.不要走。我可能要你帮忙。 ②后接带to的动词不定式。 I need to get some sleep.我需要去睡一会儿。 She doesn't need to leave right now.她不用马上就走。 句中的some是个代词，指代前面提到过的beef,并表示其数量，相当于some beef。 fridge n.（=refrigerator）冰箱 Look at the water.I think we need a new fridge/refrigerator!看看这些水！ 我想我们是该换个新冰箱了。 a bag of egg noodles 一袋鸡蛋面 在描述名词的数量时，可以使用“数词+数量单位+of+名词”的结 构。这里的bag是数量单位，表示“袋又如：a piece of cheese 一块奶 酪,three baskets of apples三篮子苹果。 12.Good! Now, let's get what we need. 译文：好！现在就让我们去买需要的东西。 注释：let's后接动词原形，常用于提出建议，表示“让我们（一起）……”的意思。其否定形式是let’s not ... Let’s go to the beach.咱们去海滩吧。 Let's not tell her what we did.咱们干的事可别告诉她。 get what we need买我们需要的东西 get在这里表示“买;购买”或“去取”的意思,后面通常跟名词作宾语。在这个句子中,what we need代替了原有名词的位置,是一个宾语从句。这里我们只需要理解其含义，关于宾语从句的内容会在八年级的学习中具体了解。 13.Lin Dong gives his mother a birthday surprise and shares the story on his blog. 译文：林东给了他妈妈一个生日惊喜，并在他的博客上分享了这个故事。 注释：surprise n.意想不到（或突然）的事v.使惊奇;使诧异;使感到意外 We are going to give Ben a surprise birthday party.我们要给本一个惊喜生日聚会。（作名词，修饰后面的birthday party） I didn't tell her I was coming home early - I thought I'd surprise her. 我没告诉她我要早点回家——我想给她一个惊喜。（作动词） surprised 惊奇的;惊讶的;感觉意外的 share在此是“把自己的想法（或经历、感情）告诉（某人）”之意。又如： blog n. （ = weblog）博客；网志 How about a video blog, or a podcast?不如尝试一下视频博客或者播客？ 【例题】 1.I didn't know that my parents were coming - it was a lovely s__________. (单句首字母填空) 【答案】surprise 【解析】句意：我不知道我的父母会来——这是一个可爱的惊喜。（作名词） 2.The two friends s______ everything — they had no secrets.（单句首字母填空） 【答案】shared 【解析】句意：这一对朋友无话不谈——他们彼此之间毫无秘密。 14.I wanted to cook a tasty and healthy dish for her as a birthday surprise. 译文：我想为她做一道既美味又健康的菜作为生日惊喜。 注释：as prep.当作；作为 They use their spare bedroom as an office.他们把多余的一间卧室当作办公室。 You can use that glass as a vase.你可以把那个玻璃杯当作花瓶用。 15.Time to cook! 译文：到时间做饭了！ 注释：Time to do sth是....的时候了;该做某事了 这是It's time to do sth的缩略形式。在第2单元中，已经学习了“Time for+名词/动词-ing形式”和“Its time for+名词/动词-ing形式”的用法。这个句型都能表达同样的含义。 ( 该去上学了。 Time to go to school. It's time to go to school. Time for (going to) school. It's time for (going to) school. ) ( 该吃午饭了。 Time to have lunch. It's time to have lunch. Time for (having) lunch. It's time for (having) lunch. ) 16.First,I added a little soy sauce to the beef. 译文：首先，我在牛肉里加了一点酱油。 注释：add...to... 在……中加入……;把……加到……中 Shall I add your name to the list?我可以把你的名字写进名单吗？ a little （与不可数名词连用）少量的，一些 few/little/a few/a little作形容词的区别(必考重点) 修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词 否定含义 few（几乎没有;很少） little（几乎没有;不多的） 肯定含义 a few（有些;几个） a little （少量的;一些） There's little water in the bottle.瓶子里的水快没了。 At that time few people travelled around the world,那时候几乎没有人会环游世界。 Mary said nothing, but she drank some tea and ate a little bread.玛丽一言不发，就喝了点茶，吃了一点面包。 I need a few things from the store.我需要从商店买些东西。 few、little、a few与a little也可以作代词单独使用,表示先前提到过的或双方都知道的人、事、物，并表明其数量。表达的含义与其做形容词的用法一致。如： We know little about her.我们对她知之甚少。（相当于 little information） Few will disagree with him.很少有人会不同意他的观点。（相当于few people） After that, she started to tell them a little about her life in London.在这之后，她开始告诉他们一些她在伦敦的生活。（相当于a little information） Don't take all the strawberries. Just have a few.不要把草莓都拿走。就吃几个。（相当于a few strawberries） soy sauce n. 酱油 I like my fried eggs with soy sauce.我喜欢蘸着酱油吃煎蛋。 soy sauce亦可写作soya sauce 【例题】 1. I need ________ sugar to make cakes. Could you please go and buy some? A. a few B. few C. a little D. little 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我需要一点糖来做蛋糕，你能去买一些吗？ 考查不定代词。a few“几个”，表肯定，修饰可数名词的复数；few“很少”，表示否定，修饰可数名词复数；a little“一些”，表肯定，修饰不可数名词；little“几乎没有”，表否定，修饰不可数名词；sugar是不可数名词，且根据“Could you please go and buy some?”可知是要一些，表肯定，应用a little。故选C。 2.We have got _________ vegetables but _________ meat. A. too many; few B. plenty of; a little C. a lot of; a few D. too much; little 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们有许多蔬菜，但是只有一点儿肉。 考查不定代词辨析。too many太多，修饰可数名词复数；too much太多，修饰不可数名词；plenty of 许多，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词；a lot of许多，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词；few几乎没有，a few一点，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，a little一点，修饰不可数名词。第一空根据“vegetables”是复数可数名词，可排除D；第二空根据“meat”是不可数名词，可排除A和C。故选B。 3. He made ________ mistakes in the test, so he got a high mark. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他在考试中很少出错，所以得了高分。 考查不定代词。little几乎没有， 修饰不可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；a few一些，修饰可数名词复数。mistakes为可数名词复数；根据“so he got a high mark”可知，此处指“几乎不出错”。故选C。 17.Then, I cut the vegetables into small pieces. 译文：然后，我把蔬菜都切成了小块。 注释：into 表示状态的变化 We can make the fruit into jam.我们可以这些水果做成果酱。 Can you put the sentence into English?你能把这个句子翻译成英语吗？ into常用的含义还有“到……里面;进入”。 Come into the house.进屋里来吧。 She dived into the water.她潜入水中。 cut ... into ...把 切成 （形状） He cut the loaf into thick slices.他把那条面包切成了厚片。 Please cut the tomato into halves.请把这个西红柿切成两半。 piece n.碎片；碎块 There were small pieces of glass all over the road.路上到处都是碎玻璃渣。 The vase is lying in pieces on the floor.花瓶碎片散落在地上。 piece常用的含义还有“片;块;段”。 There is a piece of wood.那儿有块木头。 She wrote something on a small piece of paper, 她在一小片纸上写 了 点 什么。 18.Finally, I boiled the noodles as a side dish. 译文：最后，我煮了面条当作配菜。 注释：finally adv.最后 final adj.最后的 at last最后;终于 boil 煮沸；烧开 I usually boil two eggs when I get up.我起床后通常会先煮两个鸡蛋。 side n. 一边；侧面 They drive on the left-hand side of the road in Japan.在日本，驾车要左行。 A square has four sides,正方形有四条边。 side dish （随同主菜一起上的）配菜 I like a side dish of roast potatoes.我要一份烤土豆配菜。 【例题】 1.F______, I would like to thank you all for coming here today. （单句首字母填空） 【答案】Finally 【解析】句意：最后，我要感谢大家今天的光临。 2.The plane________ took off two hours later.（final） 【答案】finally 【解析】句意：飞机终于在两小时后起飞了。 3.She has a ________ egg and a cup of coffee. （boil） 【答案】boiled 【解析】boiled egg水煮蛋。 19.I made it! 译文：我成功了。 注释：当某人成功地完成了某个任务、克服某种困难时，常用I made it来表达自己“做到了;完成了”的意思。又如： After three days’ hard work, we finally reached the top of the mountain. I made it!经过三天的艰苦努力，我们终于到达了山顶。我做到了！ 20.When Mum came home, I asked her to try my Rainbow Beef. 译文：妈妈一到家，我就让她尝了尝我的彩虹牛肉。 注释：when在此处为连词，意为“当……时;一……就”，用于连接两个分句。由when引导的这个分句在整个句子中作状语,表示另一个分句中动作发生的时间。上句中,When Mum came home表示“妈妈到家的时候”，描述的是我要妈妈品尝彩虹牛肉的时间。又如： I loved history when I was at school.我上学时喜欢历史。（描述喜欢历史的时间为上学的时候,而不是其他时候） Call me when you finish.你完成后就打电话给我。（描述打电话的时间是你结束的时候） ask sb to do sth意为“要求某人做某事;请求某人做某事”. try在此处为“试;试用”之意。 Would you like to try some raw fish?你要尝点生鱼片吗？ 【例题】 1.Eric asked me________ him with his homework. A.help B.helps C.helping D.to help 【答案】D 【解析】ask sb.to do sth要求某人做某事。句意：艾瑞克请求我教他做作业。 21.She was a little surprised to see the dish, but she tried some and asked, “Where did you get the beef, Dong?” 译文：她看到这道菜有点惊讶，但她尝了一些，问道:“东东，你从哪里弄的牛肉？” 注释：a little少许;少量;一点 此处的a little与第4条中的a little用法不同。本句中的a little为副词，用于修饰surprised,表示“有点惊讶”。a little还可以用于修饰形容词、动词等。修饰形容词时置于形容词前，修饰动词时置于动词后。 如： It’s a little hard to believe.有点难以置信。（修饰形容词hard） He smiled just a little.他微微一笑。（修饰动词smile） （be）surprised to do sth做某事感到惊讶;做某事感到惊奇 【例题】 1.We are__________to know his death.(surprise) 【答案】surprised 【解析】句意：我们对他的死颇为惊讶。 22.We only had mutton! 译文：我们家只有羊肉！ 注释：mutton n.羊肉 This mutton has got a strong smell.这羊肉味太膻。 23.Write a recipe for a healthy dish on TEEN-Land. 译文：在“青少天地”上撰写一份健康菜肴的食谱。 注释：recipe n.食谱;烹饪法 You’ll need a can of tuna for this recipe.按照这个食谱做菜,你需要一罐金枪鱼。 24.To make this dish, you need two eggs, two tomatoes, some water, a little oil and salt. 译文：做这道菜，你需要两个鸡蛋、两个西红柿、一些水、一点油和盐。 注释： To make this dish是一个带to的动词不定式短语。在整个句子中，它交代了需要这些材料的目的——做这道菜。所以To make this dish在整个句子中作表示目的的状语。 如： To know more about the writer, I read all his works.为了更了解这位作家，我读遍了他所有的作品。 （To know more about the writer 是read all his works的目的） 【例题】 1.You need a knife______ the red paper. A.to cut B.cut C.cuts D.cutting 【答案】A 【解析】need sth to do sth需要某物做某事。句意：你需要用把刀来剪这张红纸。To cut the red paper 是 need a knife 的目的。 2. There is almost no milk at home. We ________ buy some at the supermarket. A. don’t need B. needn’t C. need to D. need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：家里几乎没有牛奶了。我们需要在超市买一些。 考查need的用法。don’t need不需要；needn’t不需要，后加动词原形；need to do需要做；need需要。根据“There is almost no milk at home.”可知家里几乎没有牛奶了，所以需要买一些，排除AB；need作情态动词一般用于否定句和疑问句中。此句是肯定句，应用need作实义动词的用法：need to do。故选C。 25.First, beat the eggs with chopsticks in a bowl. 译文：首先，在碗里用筷子打鸡蛋。 注释：beat （用叉等）快速搅拌;打 Beat the flour and milk together.把面粉和牛奶搅拌在一起。 chopsticks n. （pl.）筷子 Can you eat with chopsticks?你会用筷子吗？ a pair of chopsticks 一副筷子 bowl n.碗 I have a bowl of porridge every morning.我每天早上都要喝一碗粥。 26.Then, cut up the tomatoes and fry them in oil. 译文：然后，把西红柿切成小块，在油里炒。 注释：cut up切碎；剁碎。相当于 cut . . . into small pieces 可以说 cut up the tomatoes,也可以说cut the tomatoes up 【例题】 1.He cut up the meat on his plate.（变为否定句） He _____ _____ _______the meat on his plate. 【答案】didn't cut up 【解析】cut过去式：cut 过去分词：cut.此处cut没有加s,可知为一般过去时。故用didn't否定。 27.After that, add in the eggs. 译文：之后，倒入鸡蛋。 注释：after that那以后，然后 after that和next then等表示“之后;然后”的副词可以替换使用。它们之间并没有一定的先后出现的规则，其本身的含义就是表示“下一步”。 如： After that/Next/Then, put some milk in the coffee and stir with a spoon.接着,在咖啡里加入牛奶并用勺子搅拌。 add in 把 加进去;包括 【例题】 1.R________ to add in the cost of drinks.（单句首字母填空） 【答案】Remember 【解析】句意：记住把饮料费加进去。 I. Fill in the blanks according to the phonetic transcriptions. 1. If you cannot drink milk, ___________ will be a better choice. /ˈjɒɡət/ 2. Tears may come out of your eyes when you’re cutting ___________. /ˈʌnjəns/ 3. Don’t put hot food in the ___________ immediately. /frɪdʒ/ 4. The ___________ of cola are still a secret. /ɪnˈɡriːdiənts/ 5. A bowl of ___________ noodles cost 10 yuan. /ˈmʌtn/ 6. The ___________ of the “Rainbow Beef” is written on this book. /ˈresəpi/ 7. ___________ students can have a bowl of soup. /iːtʃ/ 8. Next, please cut the beef into ___________ . /ˈpiːsɪz/ 9. If you don’t mind, I’d like to cook for you with ___________. /'pleʒə/ 10. Asian people has a long history of using ___________. /'tʃɒpstɪks/ II. Choose the best answer. 1. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others? ( ) A. lunch B. mutton C. cucumber ( ) A. duck B. product C. usual ( ) A. food B. foot C. look ( ) A. beat B. healthy C. heat 2. I usually have eggs and milk ______ breakfast. A. at B. for C. in D. with 3. -Thanks very much for your delicious dinner. - ______. A. I am very happy B. Don’t say that C. I’m glad you like it. D. No, thanks. 4. You ______ to add any salt to the soup. It is salty enough. A. needn’t B. need not C. don’t need D. doesn’t need 5. In which section can we buy milk? ______ A. Snacks section B. Fruits section C. Drinks section D. Dairy section 6. There are still ______ onions. We can use them to cook with beef. A. a few B. few C. a little D. little 7. You can’t eat too much ice cream ______ it does bad to your health. A. because B. when C. if D. unless 8. -Thanks for inviting me to your home and cooking such a big meal. - ______. A. Never mind B. My pleasure C. Good idea D. with pleasure 9. Tom made a cake ______ a birthday surprise for mom. A. to B. for C. with D. as 10. Which of the following is a side dish? ______ III. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. 1.It is __________ for young people to eat too much fried food. (healthy) 2.Mr Johnson keeps fit by having a __________ diet. (balance) 3.Using a shopping app is the best __________. ( choose) 4.How __________ the chocolate cake is! (taste) 5.It's my __________ to have a chance to attend the meeting. (pleasant) 6.Let's go to the __________ Foods section to buy some beef. (freeze) 7.__________ chicken has too much oil in it. (fry) 8.Steam rose from the __________ kettle. (boil) 9.The gift was so __________ that our teacher was moved to tears. ( surprise) 10.There are tall buildings on both __________ of the road. (side) 11.It is not __________ hat he is good at cooking. ( surprise) 12.My grandma was __________ with the gifts from his grandchildren. ( please) 13.There are many __________ (sheep) on the hill. 14.Are they __________ (Japanese)? 15.Dad cut the lemon into __________ (half) with a knife. 16.Our history teacher tells us stories of a few __________ (hero) in class. 17.Can you write __________ (diary) in English? IV. Rewrite the following sentences as required. 1.Jane has breakfast every day.（改否定） Jane __________ __________ breakfast every day. 2.The old man asked me to help him.（保持句义不变）The old man asked me __________ __________. 3.She needs our help.（改为否定句）She __________ __________ our help 4.We can buy fish in Seafood section.（对画线部分提问） In __________ section __________ you buy fish? 5.You cook a meal for us. You're very kind.（合并为一句） __________ very kind of you __________ cook a meal for us. yogurt onions fridge ingredients mutton recipe Each pieces pleasure chopsticks 1.CCBB 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.C 1.unhealthy 2.balanced 3.choice 4.tasty 5.pleasure 6.Frozen 7.Fried 8.boiling 9.surprising 10.sides 1.doesn’t have 2.for help 3.doesn’t need 4.which can 5.It’s to 一、单词拼写-用汉语提示填空 1．Emma has a (瓶子). 2．Some (盒子) are under the desk. 3．I like the math because I’m good with . (数字) 4．Baby pandas have no (牙齿). 5．There’re many cows and (绵羊) on my uncle’s farm. 二、单词拼写-用首字母提示填空 6．Don’t eat too much f food from the refrigerator. 7．Oh, the soup is tasteless (无味的). Can you pass me the s over there? 8．His favourite breakfast is p . It is easy to make. 9．Here’s a quiz about eating h . 10．O does not blend (融合) with water. 11．The sun finally comes out after the heavy rain. Can you see the beautiful r in the sky? 12．I want some m and sugar for my coffee. 13．How about buying some chips at the snacks s in the supermarket? 14．Milk, cheese and y are dairy products. 15．My maths teacher is so nice that she often helps me work out the p easily. 三、单词拼写-词转 16． (wolf) are endangered (濒危的) animals. 17．The (sport) meeting is very exciting. 18．Mr. Smith bought three of local snacks for the exchange students. (box) 19．My uncle has two (goose) on the farm. 20．The store has many , such as toys, books and games. (produce) 21．The doctor gave him some on how to keep healthy. (tip) 22．I help my mother wash (dish) in the kitchen. 23．—Two (glass) of lemon juice, please. —OK. Here you are. 24．The farmer checked on the in the barn to make sure they were healthy. (calf) 25．Please send me some of your new flat. It must be very nice. (photo) 四、选词填空 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。 chip  him  actually  believe  dangerous Brian had some wrong views about food. After doing a healthy eating project, he said to 26 : it’s all about balance. Most people 27 we should eat as many fruits and vegetables as possible. But 28 , it is important to eat all kinds of food. Also, many people think all snacks are unhealthy. In fact, it’s OK to eat snacks like 29 , just not too many. Some people say fat and salt are always bad. However, it’s 30 to eat too little—our bodies need them to work well. 五、阅读理解 The weather is getting hot. Would you like to have some cucumber with mashed garlic (蒜泥黄瓜)? When you enjoy this tasty dish, don’t forget to say “thanks” to one person—Zhang Qian. Zhang Qian lived in the Han Dynasty (朝代). He was an early visitor on the Silk Road (丝绸之路) and brought a lot of new foods and other things to China. The Silk Road was a long road. It was from China to Central Asia (中亚), and even Europe. Where is this dish from? The cucumber came from South Asia. In early times, Chinese people called it “hugua”. “Hu” means “foreign (外国的)”. That is to say, it isn’t from China. Later, its name is “huanggua”. In some places, people also call it “qinggua”. What about garlic? Its home was in Central Asia. Zhang Qian brought it to China about 2,000 years ago. Garlic can make many dishes taste better. It kills germs in our body and is good for our health. What is the Silk Road? The Silk Road was also called “Sweet (甜的) Road”. Besides (除了) vegetables, it brought many kinds of tasty fruits to China, too. Do you like grapes? They also came from Central Asia. Do you ever see the words “hu”, “yang”, “fan” or “xi” in Chinese names of some foods? These names usually mean these foods do not come from China. For example, “huluobu (carrots)” and “yangcong (onions)”. Can you find more? 31．What does the underlined word “germs” most probably mean (意思) in the text? A．Something good. B．Something bad. C．Something sweet. D．Something delicious. 32．Why was the Silk Road also called “Sweet Road”? A．People got a lot of candies on the road. B．Many tasty fruits came to China through (通过) the road. C．People on the road were sweet and friendly. D．The silk on the road was sweet. 33．What can we learn from the text? A．Zhang Qian brought the cucumber back from Central Asia. B．Zhang Qian brought the grapes back from South Asia. C．The Silk Road was from China to Europe and Africa. D．Garlic came from Central Asia about 2,000 years ago. 34．Which of the following don’t come from China according to the last paragraph? ①tomatoes  ②bananas  ③watermelons  ④pears A．①② B．②③ C．①③ D．③④ 35．What is the best title (标题) for the text? A．Foods Through the Silk Road B．The English Name of “huanggua” C．What Is the “Silk Road” D．Dynasties in Chinese History Welcome to Jiawei Restaurant! We have really good noodles. They are cheap and nice. There are some great specials. You can also get some other great food here. They are all delicious. Have a look at our menu (菜单) and have a try soon. Our restaurant is on Shopping Street, between the post-office and the police station. I believe you will like it. You can call 281-7769 to book seats (预定座位). Noodles Special A (chicken and carrot)      10 yuan Special B (mutton and cabbage)      12 yuan special C (beef and tomato)     14 yuan Dumplings Pork (猪肉) and mushroom (蘑菇) dumplings      16 yuan Beef and cabbage dumplings            20 yuan Ice Cream Apple ice cream      3 yuan Strawberry ice cream      4 yuan 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 36．Jiawei Restaurant is ________. A．on Center Street B．far from the post office C．next to the hospital D．next to the police station 37．You can have ________ noodles in Jiawei Restaurant. A．chicken and cabbage B．beef and potato C．mutton and cabbage D．chicken and tomato 38．You can call ________ to book seats (预定座位). A．282-7769 B．281-7779 C．281-7769 D．281-7669 39．If you have 19 yuan, you can buy ________. A．pork and mushroom dumplings and apple ice cream B．mutton and cabbage noodles and strawberry ice cream C．beef and tomato noodles and strawberry ice cream D．beef and cabbage dumplings and apple ice cream 40．How much are the beef and cabbage dumplings? A．twenty-five yuan B．twelve yuan C．eighteen yuan D．twenty yuan 六、完形填空 You can buy chewing gum (口香糖) in nearly every country of the world. But it wasn’t always like that. The American Indians were the first people to chew gum. This gum 41 a special kind of tree that grew on their land. In 1848, a sailor called John Curtis began selling it. He was the first person to sell chewing gum. The gum he sold cost just a few cents for two pieces. It became 42 very quickly even though it was very hard to chew. Nowadays, other things are added to the gum to make it soft and sweet. By 1890, there were hundreds of different chewing gums. The most famous name in chewing gum, however, is probably William Wrigley. He 43 a lot of money in advertising and even sent free pieces of gum to children on their birthdays. He also said that chewing gum helped people work better and that it stopped people 44 feeling tired. Although today millions of people chew gum, not 45 thinks it is a good thing to do. Many people think it is dirty. The Singapore government does not allow people to buy chewing gum. One reason for this is that when some people have chewed all the taste out of their piece of gum, they take it out of their 46 and put it onto the backs of seats or other places. What will you do after you chew the gum? 41．A．came from B．fell off C．went back D．got to 42．A．delicious B．popular C．friendly D．nice 43．A．cost B．took C．used D．spent 44．A．up B．from C．on D．in 45．A．everyone B．anyone C．someone D．no one 46．A．ears B．lips C．mouths D．eyes 七、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you have good eating habits? Yes? Then you must know it is very important to eat 47 (healthy). Lots of ice-cream and hamburgers 48 (be) not healthy. It’s good to eat some meat like beef and pork, but too much meat is bad 49 you. Milk and fish are good for your 50 (tooth), and carrots and eggs are good for your eyes. If you feel tired, you 51 (have) some chicken soup. It can give you enough energy. Remember: It’s important to have 52 healthy lifestyle (生活方式). This means we must eat well and sleep 53 (good). ◆Have a good breakfast every morning. Have some eggs 54 milk each day. ◆Eat freshly. Made noodles or rice for lunch, not fast food. ◆Don’t 55 (eat) too much for dinner. ◆Drink water and tea. Don’t drink too many soft drinks. Eat a lot of fruit and 56 (vegetable). ◆Try to have an eight-hour sleep every day. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Improve Your Eating Habits Healthy eating is important for a healthy body and mind. Both what we eat and how we eat 57 (be) important! For example, some people have fast food every week. It is easy and delicious! But it often 58 (have) lots of salt, fat, and sugar. That makes us put 59 weight. Eating fast food like pizza and hamburgers too often may cause heart problems later. If you cook your own meals instead, you can make healthy balanced meals. Eating three 60 (meal) a day is important. But some people don’t have breakfast. Maybe they don’t feel hungry (饥饿的) in the morning, or they are too busy to eat anything. But food gives 61 (we) energy. It is easy to feel 62 (sleep) and find it hard to focus on our work or studies if we don’t eat breakfast. Some people also eat too many sweet 63 (thing). Ice cream, sweets, and chocolate are delicious, 64 they usually have lots of sugar. This can cause tooth problems. When you want a snack, why don’t you have some fruit instead? After all, an apple a day 65 (keep) the doctor away. Remember: You are what you eat. Healthy eating 66 (mean) eating healthy food and having good eating habits. 八、任务型阅读 阅读下面的文章，回答问题。 Food Myths “Only fruit and vegetables are healthy foods.” The human body needs to eat many different types of food to stay healthy. The Chinese Food Guide Pagoda shows us what food we should eat. While fruit and vegetables are healthy choices, it is just as important to eat foods from other food groups. Milk, for example, contains many nutrients and is good for our bones. We should include milk or dairy products among the things we eat. “Eating fat makes you fat.” Eating fat is important for keeping us healthy. It gives us energy and helps our body to take in nutrients. Not all fat makes us gain weight. Some fat can even encourage our body to lose weight. It is necessary to include some, but not too much, fat in our food to help our body work well. “It’s OK to eat only what I like while I’m young.” When we are young, it might feel like we can just eat whatever we want! For example, sweets and fri ed foods taste delicious. But we cannot eat those foods alone. Eating balanced meals is very important when we are young. It helps our body and brain to grow well. Bad eating habits may stay with us our whole life, so it is best to develop good eating habits early! 67．What can milk do for our body? 68．What do we need besides(除了……之外) fruit and vegetables to stay healthy? 69．Why should young people eat balanced meals? 70．What is a wrong idea about fat in the text? 71．Is there anything you might do to change your eating choices? What is it? $$第07讲 Unit 3 同步词汇及核心考点梳理 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练考点 强知识：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 第1部分 单元生词速记 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.pepper 甜椒 n. 2.pear梨 n. 3.strawberry 草莓 n. 4.carrot 胡萝卜 n. 5.beef 牛肉 n. 6.cucumber 黄瓜 n. 7.cabbage卷心菜 n. 8.yogurt 酸奶;一份酸奶 n. 9.tofu 豆腐 n. 10.watermelon 西瓜 n. 11.cheese 干酪;奶酪 n. 12.onion 洋葱 n. 13.list 一览表;清单 n. 14.fridge 冰箱 n. 15.noodle 面条 n. 16.choice 选择;挑选;抉择 n. 17.ingredient(尤指烹饪)材料;成分 n. 18.tasty 美味的;可口的 adj. 19.supermarket 超级市场;超市 n. 20.dish 一道菜;菜肴 n. 21.need 需要 v. 22.pleasure 高兴;快乐;愉快 n. 23.menu 菜单 n. 24.prefer 较喜欢;喜欢……多于…… v. 25.piece 碎片;碎块 n. 26.blog博客;网志 n. 27.fry油炒;油煎 v. 28.side-边;侧面 n. 29.birthday 生日 n. 30.surprise 意想不到(或突然)的事 n./使惊奇;使诧异:使感到意外 v. 31.recipe 食谱;烹饪法 n. 32.finally 最后 adv. 33.boil 煮沸;烧开 v. 34.share 分享 v. 35.soy sauce 酱油 n. 36.mutton 羊肉 n. 37.hot 热的 adj. 38.many许多;大量(修饰可数名词)pron./adj. 39.much 许多;大量(修饰不可数名词)pron./adj. 40.potato 土豆;马铃薯 n. 41.glass 玻璃;玻璃杯n. 42.water水 n. 43.restaurant 饭店;餐厅 n. 44.chicken鸡;鸡肉 n. 45.pie 果馅饼;果馅派 n. 46.Russian 俄罗斯的 adj. 47.beat(用叉等)快速搅拌;打 v. 48.grape葡萄 n. 49.chopsticks 筷子 n. 50.bowl 碗 n. 51.soup汤;羹 n. 52.celebrate庆祝;庆贺 v. 53.healthy健康的;有益健康的 adj. 54.introduce 介绍 v. 55.oil 食用油 n. 56.salt 盐 n. 57.tomato 番茄;西红柿 n. 58.today 今天;在今天 adv. 59.tradition 传统 n. 60.culture 文化 n. 61.breakfast 早餐;早饭 n. 62.happiness快乐;幸福 n. 63.unity 团圆 n. 64.eve前夕;前夜 n. 速记方法原则： 1. 食物类词根 - -berry（浆果） → strawberry（草莓） = straw（稻草）+ berry（浆果）→ 长在草上的浆果 → blueberry（蓝莓） = blue + berry（扩展词） - mel-（甜） → watermelon（西瓜） = water（水） + mel（甜）→ 多汁味甜的水果 - cucum-（藤蔓） → cucumber（黄瓜） = cucum（藤蔓植物）+ -er（名词后缀） - lact-（奶） → yogurt（酸奶） = yog（发酵）+ urt（=lact 奶）→ 发酵的奶制品 → cheese（奶酪） = 源自拉丁语 caseus（奶制品） 2. 烹饪动作词根 - -fy（使…化） → fry（油煎） = 古英语 frian（加热） → boil（煮沸） = 拉丁语 bullire（冒泡） - bat-（击打） → beat（搅拌） = 古英语 beatan（反复击打） 二、复合词结构分析 1. supermarket（超市） = super（超级） + market（市场）→ 大型综合市场 - 同根词：super（超级的）, market（市场） 2. birthday（生日） = birth（出生） + day（日子）→ 出生的日子 - 扩展：surprise（惊喜） = sur（超过）+ prise（抓住）→ 超出预期的抓取 3. chopsticks（筷子） = chop（快切）+ sticks（棍子）→ 快速夹取食物的棍子 - 文化记忆：中餐餐具 4. ingredient（食材） = in-（进入）+ gredi（行走）+ -ent（名词后缀）→ 构成菜肴的"组成部分" - 同根词：grade（等级），progress（进步） 三、高频后缀归类 名词后缀 - -able（可…的）→ vegetable（蔬菜） - -ment（结果/状态）→ pleasure（愉悦） = pleas（使高兴）+ ure - -tion（动作/状态）→ tradition（传统） = tradit（传递）+ ion - -ure（行为/结果）→ culture（文化） = cult（培养）+ ure 形容词后缀 - -y（充满…的）→ tasty（美味的） = tast（味道）+ y - -ful（具有…性质）→ healthy（健康的） = health（健康）+ y 四、无词根词汇记忆法 外来语/基础词 - tofu（豆腐）：日语借词（豆 + 腐） - beef（牛肉）：古法语 boef（牛） - mutton（羊肉）：古法语 moton（羊） - noodle（面条）：德语 Nudel（面食） 形象联想法 - pepper（甜椒）：形似"PP"（两个椒柄） - cabbage（卷心菜）：cab（出租车）+ bage（包袱）→ 像包起来的菜 - bowl（碗）：形似"b"（碗的侧面）+ "owl"（猫头鹰蹲在碗边） 五、文化主题词群 节日饮食文化 - eve（前夕） + celebrate（庆祝） = 节日庆祝 - grape（葡萄） + unity（团圆）→ 中秋葡萄象征团圆 - Russian（俄式的） + pie（派）→ 罗宋汤/俄式馅饼 厨房工具 - fridge（冰箱） = refrigerate（冷藏）的缩写 - chop（砍） + sticks（棍）→ chopsticks（筷子） 第二部分 词性变化 一、词性变化： 1. salt n. 盐 salty adj. 咸的 2. product n. 产品 produce v. 生产；引起 producer n. 制造商 productive adj. 多产的；有效益的 production n. 生产；产量 productivity n. 生产力 3. balance n./v. 平衡；保持平衡 balanced adj. 保持平衡的 4. plenty pron. 大量 plentiful adj. 丰富的 5. choose v. 选择 choice n. 选择 6. pleasure n. 高兴；快乐【U】 pleasant adj. 令人愉快的；惬意的 please v./int. 使开心；请 pleased adj. 满意的；高兴的 7. taste n./v. 味道，品味；尝起来 tasty adj. 美味的 8. need n./v. 需要 necessary adj. 必要的 necessarily adv. 必要地 necessity n. 必需品 9. surprise n./v. 意想不到的事；使…吃惊 surprised adj. 意外的 surprising adj. 令人惊讶的 10. fry v. 油煎 fried adj. 油炸的 11. final adj. 最后的 finally adv. 最后 12. Russia n. 俄罗斯 Russian adj./ n. 俄罗斯的；俄罗斯人/语 二 、词性变化默写版： 1. n. 盐 adj. 咸的 2. n. 产品 v. 生产；引起 n. 制造商 adj. 多产的；有效益的 n. 生产；产量 n. 生产力 3. n./v. 平衡；保持平衡 adj. 保持平衡的 4. pron. 大量 adj. 丰富的 5. v. 选择 n. 选择 6. n. 高兴；快乐【U】 adj. 令人愉快的；惬意的 v./int. 使开心；请 adj. 满意的；高兴的 7. n./v. 味道，品味；尝起来 adj. 美味的 8. n./v. 需要 adj. 必要的 adv. 必要地 n. 必需品 9. n./v. 意想不到的事；使…吃惊 adj. 意外的 adj. 令人惊讶的 10. v. 油煎 adj. 油炸的 11. adj. 最后的 adv. 最后 12. n. 俄罗斯 adj./ n. 俄罗斯的；俄罗斯人/语 第三部分 重点单词详解 考点1. .something pron.某事；某物 We know about the problem and we're trying to do something about it. 我们知道这个问题，我们正在努力做些什么。 【提示】something是不定代词，它所指代的对象不特定。任何事件或物品都可以用something来指代。 cook something的something就可以指代某种食物。当有形容词修饰something时，形容词置于其后。本句中的 something healthy指的就是“某种健康的食物”。 又如： He's telling us something funny.他正在给我们讲一件好玩的事情。 something作主语时,其后的动词要用单数形式。 如： Something strange is following me.有样奇怪的东西在跟着我。 cook sth for sb为某人烹饪 ；为某人做 【提示】也可以说成cook sb stho如： Dad cooked me lunch. =Dad cooked lunch for me.爸爸给我做了午餐。 on one's birthday 在某人生日那天 【提示】表示“在某人……岁生日”时，在birthday前加序数词,如： on Ben's twelfth birthday 在本12岁的生日时 考点2. 食物类 beef 牛肉 May I have roast beef today?今天我可以点烤牛肉？（餐厅点餐） 【提示】beef是不可数名词。大多数情况下，肉类都是不可数的。如meat （肉）、mutton（羊肉）、pork（猪肉）、chicken（鸡肉）等都是不可数名词。 tofu n.豆腐 Today's first cold dish is a plate of tofu with preserved egg.今天的第一道凉菜是皮蛋拌豆腐。 【提示】tofu是不可数名词，也常说成bean curd 。 pepper n.舌甘椒 【提示】pepper在英式英语中也称为sweet pepper,在美式英语中常称为bell pepper［因为长得像“铃铛（bell） ”而得名］。很多蔬菜、水果在完整的情况下 是可数的，如orange （橙子）、cabbage （卷心菜）、lettuce（黄苣;生菜）、tomato （西红柿）、potato（马铃薯）等。它们被切碎或掰开后则不可数。试比较： I need to buy three peppers/a kilo of peppers at the market. 我要去菜场买 三只/一公斤甜椒。（完整的甜椒是可数的） Today, I'll cook fried beef with green pepper.今天我要做青椒炒牛肉丝。 （青椒炒之前肯定已经被切成了丝或者是块，此时pepper是不可数名词） cabbage n.卷心菜 Do you like cabbage?你喜欢（吃）卷心菜吗？（不可数） Buy a cabbage and some tomatoes on your way home.回家的路上买颗卷心 菜和几个西红柿。（可数） onion n.洋葱 I always cry when I chop onions.我切洋葱的时候都会流泪。（可数） Fry the onion and garlic for about two minutes.把洋葱和大蒜一起煽炒两分 钟左右。（不可数） carrot 胡萝卜 Cut the two carrots into slices first.先把两根胡萝卜切成丝。（可数） How about fried pork with carrot today?今天吃胡萝卜炒肉好吗？（不可数） watermelon n. 西瓜 The watermelon is so big.这个西瓜太大了吧。（可数） A small piece of watermelon for me is OK.给我一小片西瓜就好。（不可数） cucumber n. 黄瓜 May I have three cucumbers, please?可以给我三个黄瓜吗？（可数） There is tuna and cucumber in the sandwich.这三明治里有金枪鱼和黄瓜。 （不可数） ［提示］sea cucumber 海参 strawberry n.草莓 Strawberries go bad very quickly.草莓很容易变质。 pear n.梨 We have a pear tree in the yard.我们家院子里有棵梨树。 yogurt n.酸奶;一份酸奶 【提示】yogurt也常拼作yoghurt,通常作不可数名词使用。使用a yogurt 时，常常表示“一份酸奶”。 如： I usually have some yogurt for breakfast,我早餐会喝一点酸奶。 There is a strawberry yogurt for you.那儿有一份给你的草莓酸奶。 cheese n.干酪;奶酪 【提示】cheese通常作不可数名词。如： goat's cheese 山羊奶酪 a cheese salad 奶酪沙拉 a piece of cheese 一块奶酪 corn n.（小麦等）谷物；玉米 The corns are on sale in the supermarket.今日超市玉米特价。（可数） We feed the chickens with corn,我们用谷物喂养这些小鸡。（不可数） oil n.食用油 We usually cook with vegetable oil in our family.我们家通常用植物油 做菜。 salt n.盐；食盐 Pass the salt, please.请把盐递过来。 bean n.豆；豆科植物 I usually pick the beans out before I eat the fried rice,我吃炒饭前会把里面的豆子先挑出来。 These coffee beans smell nice.这些咖啡豆真好闻。 product n,产品；制品 We have a new range of skin-care products.我们有一系列新的护肤产品。 bean product 豆制品 Tofu is one of the popular bean products in our country. 豆腐是我国受欢迎的豆制品之一。 grain n.谷物；谷粒 Most Americans don't eat enough fruits, vegetables or grains. 大多数美国人水果、蔬菜和谷物的摄入量不足。 The hen ate the grains of com on the ground.母鸡啄食地上的玉米粒。 考点3. each det. & pnm.（两个或以上的人或物中）各自，各个，每个 Each answer is worth 20 points.每题为 20 分。（each 修饰后面的 answer, 表示“每一个的”，相当于一个形容词） Each of the answers is worth 20 points.每道答题为 20 分。（each 指代 answers中的一个，相当于each answer,是一个代词） 【提示】each与every的区别 every强调全体的概念，与all相当;each强调个体概念。与almost .nearly 等连用时，常用every,不用each；和数词连用时，也只用every,如： Every student in our school works hard.我们学校的学生都很用功。 Each student may have one book.每个学生都可以得到一本书。 Almost every student has read the book.差不多每个学生都读过这本书。 The buses go every 10 minutes.公共汽车每隔10分钟发一班车。 every指三个以上的人或物（含三个）的“每个"，each指两个以上的人或物（含两个）的“每个”，如： There are trees on each side of the road.路的两边都有树。 every只作形容词,不可单独使用;each可作代词或形容词,可单独使用,也 可接名词,还可接of短语，如： I have read each of his books.他写的每本书我都读过了。（不能用every） 一Red or blue?你要红的还是蓝的？ 一I will take one of each, please.请每种颜色给我一个。 food group食物组;食物类别 【提示】food group指的是一组具有相似营养特性或生物分类的食物集合。 show sb sth = show sth to sb向某人展示某物;教某人某物 She showed her students the technique. （ =She showed the technique to her students.）她向学生演示了那个技巧。 【提示】show后面还常跟“疑问词+带to的动词不定式”结构。在上面的句子中,how much to eat from each food group every day 是平衡膳食宝塔所展现的内容。又如： Can you show me how to do it?你能教我怎么做吗？ 考点4. plenty pron.大量 一Do we need more milk?我们还需要再买点牛奶吗？ 一No. There's plenty in the fridge.不用。冰箱里还有很多。 （plenty 指代前面提及的milk,相当于plenty of milk） We had plenty to talk about.我们有说不完的话。（plenty 相当于a lot of things） plenty of 大量；很多的 【提示】plenty of与a lot of Jots of的意思和用法相近，用于表示事物数量多，可修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。 如： We have plenty of eggs in the cupboard.柜子里还有很多鸡蛋。 （修饰可数名词eggs） There‘s plenty of room for all of you!这里有足够的地方容纳你们所有的 人！［修饰不可数名词room（地方;空间）］ 考点5. .list n. 一览表；清单 Is your name on the list?你的名字在名单上吗？ 【提示】make a list of sth把 列个清单 Make a list of everything you need.把你需要的东西列个清单。 shopping list n.购物清单 She is making a shopping list for the picnic this weekend.她在为周末的野 餐列购物清单。 Owfew /fjui/ det. & adj.不多;很少 Few people understand the difference.很少有人了 解这个差别。 few有些;几个（用于可数名词之前） I'm only here for a few days.我只在这里待几天。 考点6. pleasure n.高兴;快乐；愉快 He takes no pleasure in his work.他从他的工作中得不到丝毫乐趣。 It gives me great pleasure to introduce our guest.我很荣幸来介绍我们的嘉宾。 My pleasure.不客气，很乐意效劳。 【提示】“My pleasure. ”是对别人表示感谢的一种礼貌回答，也可以说成 “It's a pleasure. "，但不能说成“It's my pleasure. 如： 一 It's very kind of you to take some many gifts to us.带这么多礼物给我们你真是太好了！ 一 My pleasure/Ifs a pleasure.您别客气。 第四部分 重点句子详解 1.Lin Dong wants to cook something healthy for his mother on her birthday. 译文：林东想在妈妈生日那天为她做一些健康的食物。 注释：something pron.某事；某物 something是不定代词，它所指代的对象不特定。任何事件或物品都可以用something来指代。 cook something的something就可以指代某种食物。当有形容词修饰something时，形容词置于其后。本句中的something healthy指的就是“某种健康的食物”。 something作主语时,其后的动词要用单数形式。 Something strange is following me.有样奇怪的东西在跟着我。 cook sth for sb为某人烹饪...；为某人做....=cook sb sth on one's birthday 在某人生日那天.表示“在某人……岁生日”时，在birthday前加序数词 on Ben's twelfth birthday 在本12岁的生日时 【例题】 1.We know about the problem and we're trying to do s_________about it. （单句首字母填空） 【答案】something 【解析】句意：我们知道这个问题，我们正在努力做些什么。 2.He's telling us ________. A.something funny B.funny something C.anything funny D.funny anything 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他正在给我们讲一件好玩的事情。something funny一些好玩的事情。 3.Dad cooked me lunch. （同义句转换）Dad _______ lunch _______ me. 【答案】cooked；for 【解析】句意：爸爸给我做了午餐。 2.He asks Wang Yiming for help. 译文：他请求王一鸣的帮助。 注释：ask sb for help请求某人的帮助 ask sb for sth 问某人要……;向某人征求…… He asked his mother for some pocket money.他问他妈妈要了一些零花钱。 【例题】 1.Why don't you _____ him _____ help? A.ask;of B.to ask;for C.asking; for D.ask;for 【答案】D 【解析】why don’t you do sth为什么不...。句意：你为什么不向他寻求帮助？ 2.I am writing to ask you for some a________ about my project.(单句首字母填空) 【答案】advice 【解析】advice n.建议。不可数名词。句意：我写邮件是想向你征求一些关于项目的建议。 3.Yiming shows Lin Dong the Food Guide Pagoda. 译文：一鸣向林东展示了平衡膳食宝塔。 注释：the Food Guide Pagoda指的是由中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所于2022年颁布的“中国居民平衡膳食宝塔”。它形象地展现了中国居民在营养上比较理想的基本食物构成。宝塔共分5层，通过各层面积大小的不同体现5大类食物摄入量的差异。如果你想对这座宝塔了解得更多,可以去中国疾病预防控制中心官网查看它的英文介绍。 4.She often has some beef for lunch. 译文：她常常会在午餐的时候吃牛肉。 注释：have ... for breakfast/lunch/dinner 早餐/午饭/晚餐吃.... 【例题】 1.Let’s have some pizza for lunch. （划线提问） ______ ______ ______ have for lunch? 【答案】What shall we 5.What does ‘eat the rainbow’ mean? 译文：“吃彩虹”是什么意思？ 注释：rainbow n.虹；彩虹 A rainbow has seven colours of red, orange, yellow, green, indigo, blue and purple.彩虹的七种颜色是赤橙黄绿青蓝紫。 这个句型常用于询问某个词或事物的含义。 —What does the sign mean?这个标识是什么意思？ —It means “No smoking,,,它的意思是“禁止吸烟”。 6.How to eat a healthy and balanced diet? 译文：如何吃健康均衡的饮食？ 注释：balanced adj.保持（或显示）平衡的 balance n.均衡；平衡 diet n.日常饮食；日常食物 His diet isn't very healthy.他的日常饮食不是很健康。 on a diet节食;减肥 She decided to go on a diet before her holiday.她打算在休假前节食。 【例题】 1.A ________ diet gives you all the vitamins you need.(balance) 【答案】balanced 【解析】句意：均衡的饮食能提供你所需的所有维生素。 2.Diet and exercise are both important to our_________ .(healthy) 【答案】health 【解析】句意：饮食与锻炼对健康同样重要。 7.plenty pron.大量 --Do we need more milk?我们还需要再买点牛奶吗？ --No. There's plenty in the fridge.不用。冰箱里还有很多。 （plenty 指代前面提及的milk,相当于plenty of milk） We had plenty to talk about.我们有说不完的话。（plenty 相当于a lot of things） plenty of 大量；很多的 plenty of与a lot of Jots of的意思和用法相近，用于表示事物数量多，可修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。 We have plenty of eggs in the cupboard.柜子里还有很多鸡蛋。（修饰可数名词eggs） ［修饰不可数名词room（地方;空间）］ 【例题】 1.There’s ________room for all of you! A.a lot B.a lots of C.plenty of D.many 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这里有足够的地方容纳你们所有的人！room此处不可数名词，表示空间。不用many修饰。 8.Healthy food choices 译文：健康的食物选择 注释：choice n.选择；挑选；抉择 make a choice between A and B 在A和B之间做出选择 In the past, women had to make a choice between a job and a husband. 过去，女性必须在工作和丈夫（婚姻）之间做出选择。 choose v. （chose, chosen）选择;挑选;选取 【例题】 1.We are facing a difficult________.(choose) 【答案】choice 【解析】句意：我们正在面对一个艰难的选择。 2.He c_________to stay at home instead of going out.(单句首字母填空) 【答案】chose 【解析】句意：他选择待在家里而不是出去。 9.I want to buy some ingredients for a dish-Rainbow Beef. 译文：我想买“彩虹牛肉” 这道菜的配料。 注释：ingredient （尤指烹饪）材料;成分 I don’t have the ingredients for（making）a cake.我没有做蛋糕的材料。 10.We make it with beef and a lot of vegetables. It's very tasty and healthy too. 译文：我们用牛肉和很多蔬菜来做这道菜。它很好吃，也很健康。 注释：make sth with ...用...来做 Can you make a model house with the cardboard?你能用这些硬纸板做一个模型屋吗？ tasty adj.美味的;可口的 delicious adj.美味的；可口的 yummy adj.（多用于口语中）很好吃的 taste n.味道;滋味 v.有……味道;尝，品（味道） 【例题】 1.Could you tell me how to make such________food?(taste) 【答案】tasty 【解析】句意：你能告诉我做出这么好吃的食物的窍门吗？ 2. People from Sichuan like ________ food, like fried chilies. A. salty B. sweet C. sour D. spicy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：四川人喜欢辛辣的食物，比如炸辣椒。 考查形容词辨析。salty咸的；sweet甜的；sour酸的；spicy辛辣的。根据“fried chilies”可知，此处应是指辛辣的食物。故选D。 11.--Do you need any beef？ --No, we have some in our fridge. But I'll also buy a bag of egg noodles. 译文：--你需要（买）牛肉吗？--不用，我们家冰箱里还有一些。但是我还要买一袋鸡蛋面。 注释：need v.需要。need作为行为动词主要有以下两种用法： ①直接加名词或代词。如：Do you need any help?你需要帮忙吗？ Don’t go.I may need you.不要走。我可能要你帮忙。 ②后接带to的动词不定式。 I need to get some sleep.我需要去睡一会儿。 She doesn't need to leave right now.她不用马上就走。 句中的some是个代词，指代前面提到过的beef,并表示其数量，相当于some beef。 fridge n.（=refrigerator）冰箱 Look at the water.I think we need a new fridge/refrigerator!看看这些水！ 我想我们是该换个新冰箱了。 a bag of egg noodles 一袋鸡蛋面 在描述名词的数量时，可以使用“数词+数量单位+of+名词”的结 构。这里的bag是数量单位，表示“袋又如：a piece of cheese 一块奶 酪,three baskets of apples三篮子苹果。 12.Good! Now, let's get what we need. 译文：好！现在就让我们去买需要的东西。 注释：let's后接动词原形，常用于提出建议，表示“让我们（一起）……”的意思。其否定形式是let’s not ... Let’s go to the beach.咱们去海滩吧。 Let's not tell her what we did.咱们干的事可别告诉她。 get what we need买我们需要的东西 get在这里表示“买;购买”或“去取”的意思,后面通常跟名词作宾语。在这个句子中,what we need代替了原有名词的位置,是一个宾语从句。这里我们只需要理解其含义，关于宾语从句的内容会在八年级的学习中具体了解。 13.Lin Dong gives his mother a birthday surprise and shares the story on his blog. 译文：林东给了他妈妈一个生日惊喜，并在他的博客上分享了这个故事。 注释：surprise n.意想不到（或突然）的事v.使惊奇;使诧异;使感到意外 We are going to give Ben a surprise birthday party.我们要给本一个惊喜生日聚会。（作名词，修饰后面的birthday party） I didn't tell her I was coming home early - I thought I'd surprise her. 我没告诉她我要早点回家——我想给她一个惊喜。（作动词） surprised 惊奇的;惊讶的;感觉意外的 share在此是“把自己的想法（或经历、感情）告诉（某人）”之意。又如： blog n. （ = weblog）博客；网志 How about a video blog, or a podcast?不如尝试一下视频博客或者播客？ 【例题】 1.I didn't know that my parents were coming - it was a lovely s__________. (单句首字母填空) 【答案】surprise 【解析】句意：我不知道我的父母会来——这是一个可爱的惊喜。（作名词） 2.The two friends s______ everything — they had no secrets.（单句首字母填空） 【答案】shared 【解析】句意：这一对朋友无话不谈——他们彼此之间毫无秘密。 14.I wanted to cook a tasty and healthy dish for her as a birthday surprise. 译文：我想为她做一道既美味又健康的菜作为生日惊喜。 注释：as prep.当作；作为 They use their spare bedroom as an office.他们把多余的一间卧室当作办公室。 You can use that glass as a vase.你可以把那个玻璃杯当作花瓶用。 15.Time to cook! 译文：到时间做饭了！ 注释：Time to do sth是....的时候了;该做某事了 这是It's time to do sth的缩略形式。在第2单元中，已经学习了“Time for+名词/动词-ing形式”和“Its time for+名词/动词-ing形式”的用法。这个句型都能表达同样的含义。 ( 该去上学了。 Time to go to school. It's time to go to school. Time for (going to) school. It's time for (going to) school. ) ( 该吃午饭了。 Time to have lunch. It's time to have lunch. Time for (having) lunch. It's time for (having) lunch. ) 16.First,I added a little soy sauce to the beef. 译文：首先，我在牛肉里加了一点酱油。 注释：add...to... 在……中加入……;把……加到……中 Shall I add your name to the list?我可以把你的名字写进名单吗？ a little （与不可数名词连用）少量的，一些 few/little/a few/a little作形容词的区别(必考重点) 修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词 否定含义 few（几乎没有;很少） little（几乎没有;不多的） 肯定含义 a few（有些;几个） a little （少量的;一些） There's little water in the bottle.瓶子里的水快没了。 At that time few people travelled around the world,那时候几乎没有人会环游世界。 Mary said nothing, but she drank some tea and ate a little bread.玛丽一言不发，就喝了点茶，吃了一点面包。 I need a few things from the store.我需要从商店买些东西。 few、little、a few与a little也可以作代词单独使用,表示先前提到过的或双方都知道的人、事、物，并表明其数量。表达的含义与其做形容词的用法一致。如： We know little about her.我们对她知之甚少。（相当于 little information） Few will disagree with him.很少有人会不同意他的观点。（相当于few people） After that, she started to tell them a little about her life in London.在这之后，她开始告诉他们一些她在伦敦的生活。（相当于a little information） Don't take all the strawberries. Just have a few.不要把草莓都拿走。就吃几个。（相当于a few strawberries） soy sauce n. 酱油 I like my fried eggs with soy sauce.我喜欢蘸着酱油吃煎蛋。 soy sauce亦可写作soya sauce 【例题】 1. I need ________ sugar to make cakes. Could you please go and buy some? A. a few B. few C. a little D. little 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我需要一点糖来做蛋糕，你能去买一些吗？ 考查不定代词。a few“几个”，表肯定，修饰可数名词的复数；few“很少”，表示否定，修饰可数名词复数；a little“一些”，表肯定，修饰不可数名词；little“几乎没有”，表否定，修饰不可数名词；sugar是不可数名词，且根据“Could you please go and buy some?”可知是要一些，表肯定，应用a little。故选C。 2.We have got _________ vegetables but _________ meat. A. too many; few B. plenty of; a little C. a lot of; a few D. too much; little 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们有许多蔬菜，但是只有一点儿肉。 考查不定代词辨析。too many太多，修饰可数名词复数；too much太多，修饰不可数名词；plenty of 许多，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词；a lot of许多，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词；few几乎没有，a few一点，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，a little一点，修饰不可数名词。第一空根据“vegetables”是复数可数名词，可排除D；第二空根据“meat”是不可数名词，可排除A和C。故选B。 3. He made ________ mistakes in the test, so he got a high mark. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他在考试中很少出错，所以得了高分。 考查不定代词。little几乎没有， 修饰不可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；a few一些，修饰可数名词复数。mistakes为可数名词复数；根据“so he got a high mark”可知，此处指“几乎不出错”。故选C。 17.Then, I cut the vegetables into small pieces. 译文：然后，我把蔬菜都切成了小块。 注释：into 表示状态的变化 We can make the fruit into jam.我们可以这些水果做成果酱。 Can you put the sentence into English?你能把这个句子翻译成英语吗？ into常用的含义还有“到……里面;进入”。 Come into the house.进屋里来吧。 She dived into the water.她潜入水中。 cut ... into ...把 切成 （形状） He cut the loaf into thick slices.他把那条面包切成了厚片。 Please cut the tomato into halves.请把这个西红柿切成两半。 piece n.碎片；碎块 There were small pieces of glass all over the road.路上到处都是碎玻璃渣。 The vase is lying in pieces on the floor.花瓶碎片散落在地上。 piece常用的含义还有“片;块;段”。 There is a piece of wood.那儿有块木头。 She wrote something on a small piece of paper, 她在一小片纸上写 了 点 什么。 18.Finally, I boiled the noodles as a side dish. 译文：最后，我煮了面条当作配菜。 注释：finally adv.最后 final adj.最后的 at last最后;终于 boil 煮沸；烧开 I usually boil two eggs when I get up.我起床后通常会先煮两个鸡蛋。 side n. 一边；侧面 They drive on the left-hand side of the road in Japan.在日本，驾车要左行。 A square has four sides,正方形有四条边。 side dish （随同主菜一起上的）配菜 I like a side dish of roast potatoes.我要一份烤土豆配菜。 【例题】 1.F______, I would like to thank you all for coming here today. （单句首字母填空） 【答案】Finally 【解析】句意：最后，我要感谢大家今天的光临。 2.The plane________ took off two hours later.（final） 【答案】finally 【解析】句意：飞机终于在两小时后起飞了。 3.She has a ________ egg and a cup of coffee. （boil） 【答案】boiled 【解析】boiled egg水煮蛋。 19.I made it! 译文：我成功了。 注释：当某人成功地完成了某个任务、克服某种困难时，常用I made it来表达自己“做到了;完成了”的意思。又如： After three days’ hard work, we finally reached the top of the mountain. I made it!经过三天的艰苦努力，我们终于到达了山顶。我做到了！ 20.When Mum came home, I asked her to try my Rainbow Beef. 译文：妈妈一到家，我就让她尝了尝我的彩虹牛肉。 注释：when在此处为连词，意为“当……时;一……就”，用于连接两个分句。由when引导的这个分句在整个句子中作状语,表示另一个分句中动作发生的时间。上句中,When Mum came home表示“妈妈到家的时候”，描述的是我要妈妈品尝彩虹牛肉的时间。又如： I loved history when I was at school.我上学时喜欢历史。（描述喜欢历史的时间为上学的时候,而不是其他时候） Call me when you finish.你完成后就打电话给我。（描述打电话的时间是你结束的时候） ask sb to do sth意为“要求某人做某事;请求某人做某事”. try在此处为“试;试用”之意。 Would you like to try some raw fish?你要尝点生鱼片吗？ 【例题】 1.Eric asked me________ him with his homework. A.help B.helps C.helping D.to help 【答案】D 【解析】ask sb.to do sth要求某人做某事。句意：艾瑞克请求我教他做作业。 21.She was a little surprised to see the dish, but she tried some and asked, “Where did you get the beef, Dong?” 译文：她看到这道菜有点惊讶，但她尝了一些，问道:“东东，你从哪里弄的牛肉？” 注释：a little少许;少量;一点 此处的a little与第4条中的a little用法不同。本句中的a little为副词，用于修饰surprised,表示“有点惊讶”。a little还可以用于修饰形容词、动词等。修饰形容词时置于形容词前，修饰动词时置于动词后。 如： It’s a little hard to believe.有点难以置信。（修饰形容词hard） He smiled just a little.他微微一笑。（修饰动词smile） （be）surprised to do sth做某事感到惊讶;做某事感到惊奇 【例题】 1.We are__________to know his death.(surprise) 【答案】surprised 【解析】句意：我们对他的死颇为惊讶。 22.We only had mutton! 译文：我们家只有羊肉！ 注释：mutton n.羊肉 This mutton has got a strong smell.这羊肉味太膻。 23.Write a recipe for a healthy dish on TEEN-Land. 译文：在“青少天地”上撰写一份健康菜肴的食谱。 注释：recipe n.食谱;烹饪法 You’ll need a can of tuna for this recipe.按照这个食谱做菜,你需要一罐金枪鱼。 24.To make this dish, you need two eggs, two tomatoes, some water, a little oil and salt. 译文：做这道菜，你需要两个鸡蛋、两个西红柿、一些水、一点油和盐。 注释： To make this dish是一个带to的动词不定式短语。在整个句子中，它交代了需要这些材料的目的——做这道菜。所以To make this dish在整个句子中作表示目的的状语。 如： To know more about the writer, I read all his works.为了更了解这位作家，我读遍了他所有的作品。 （To know more about the writer 是read all his works的目的） 【例题】 1.You need a knife______ the red paper. A.to cut B.cut C.cuts D.cutting 【答案】A 【解析】need sth to do sth需要某物做某事。句意：你需要用把刀来剪这张红纸。To cut the red paper 是 need a knife 的目的。 2. There is almost no milk at home. We ________ buy some at the supermarket. A. don’t need B. needn’t C. need to D. need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：家里几乎没有牛奶了。我们需要在超市买一些。 考查need的用法。don’t need不需要；needn’t不需要，后加动词原形；need to do需要做；need需要。根据“There is almost no milk at home.”可知家里几乎没有牛奶了，所以需要买一些，排除AB；need作情态动词一般用于否定句和疑问句中。此句是肯定句，应用need作实义动词的用法：need to do。故选C。 25.First, beat the eggs with chopsticks in a bowl. 译文：首先，在碗里用筷子打鸡蛋。 注释：beat （用叉等）快速搅拌;打 Beat the flour and milk together.把面粉和牛奶搅拌在一起。 chopsticks n. （pl.）筷子 Can you eat with chopsticks?你会用筷子吗？ a pair of chopsticks 一副筷子 bowl n.碗 I have a bowl of porridge every morning.我每天早上都要喝一碗粥。 26.Then, cut up the tomatoes and fry them in oil. 译文：然后，把西红柿切成小块，在油里炒。 注释：cut up切碎；剁碎。相当于 cut . . . into small pieces 可以说 cut up the tomatoes,也可以说cut the tomatoes up 【例题】 1.He cut up the meat on his plate.（变为否定句） He _____ _____ _______the meat on his plate. 【答案】didn't cut up 【解析】cut过去式：cut 过去分词：cut.此处cut没有加s,可知为一般过去时。故用didn't否定。 27.After that, add in the eggs. 译文：之后，倒入鸡蛋。 注释：after that那以后，然后 after that和next then等表示“之后;然后”的副词可以替换使用。它们之间并没有一定的先后出现的规则，其本身的含义就是表示“下一步”。 如： After that/Next/Then, put some milk in the coffee and stir with a spoon.接着,在咖啡里加入牛奶并用勺子搅拌。 add in 把 加进去;包括 【例题】 1.R________ to add in the cost of drinks.（单句首字母填空） 【答案】Remember 【解析】句意：记住把饮料费加进去。 I. Fill in the blanks according to the phonetic transcriptions. 1. If you cannot drink milk, ___________ will be a better choice. /ˈjɒɡət/ 2. Tears may come out of your eyes when you’re cutting ___________. /ˈʌnjəns/ 3. Don’t put hot food in the ___________ immediately. /frɪdʒ/ 4. The ___________ of cola are still a secret. /ɪnˈɡriːdiənts/ 5. A bowl of ___________ noodles cost 10 yuan. /ˈmʌtn/ 6. The ___________ of the “Rainbow Beef” is written on this book. /ˈresəpi/ 7. ___________ students can have a bowl of soup. /iːtʃ/ 8. Next, please cut the beef into ___________ . /ˈpiːsɪz/ 9. If you don’t mind, I’d like to cook for you with ___________. /'pleʒə/ 10. Asian people has a long history of using ___________. /'tʃɒpstɪks/ II. Choose the best answer. 1. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others? ( ) A. lunch B. mutton C. cucumber ( ) A. duck B. product C. usual ( ) A. food B. foot C. look ( ) A. beat B. healthy C. heat 2. I usually have eggs and milk ______ breakfast. A. at B. for C. in D. with 3. -Thanks very much for your delicious dinner. - ______. A. I am very happy B. Don’t say that C. I’m glad you like it. D. No, thanks. 4. You ______ to add any salt to the soup. It is salty enough. A. needn’t B. need not C. don’t need D. doesn’t need 5. In which section can we buy milk? ______ A. Snacks section B. Fruits section C. Drinks section D. Dairy section 6. There are still ______ onions. We can use them to cook with beef. A. a few B. few C. a little D. little 7. You can’t eat too much ice cream ______ it does bad to your health. A. because B. when C. if D. unless 8. -Thanks for inviting me to your home and cooking such a big meal. - ______. A. Never mind B. My pleasure C. Good idea D. with pleasure 9. Tom made a cake ______ a birthday surprise for mom. A. to B. for C. with D. as 10. Which of the following is a side dish? ______ III. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. 1.It is __________ for young people to eat too much fried food. (healthy) 2.Mr Johnson keeps fit by having a __________ diet. (balance) 3.Using a shopping app is the best __________. ( choose) 4.How __________ the chocolate cake is! (taste) 5.It's my __________ to have a chance to attend the meeting. (pleasant) 6.Let's go to the __________ Foods section to buy some beef. (freeze) 7.__________ chicken has too much oil in it. (fry) 8.Steam rose from the __________ kettle. (boil) 9.The gift was so __________ that our teacher was moved to tears. ( surprise) 10.There are tall buildings on both __________ of the road. (side) 11.It is not __________ hat he is good at cooking. ( surprise) 12.My grandma was __________ with the gifts from his grandchildren. ( please) 13.There are many __________ (sheep) on the hill. 14.Are they __________ (Japanese)? 15.Dad cut the lemon into __________ (half) with a knife. 16.Our history teacher tells us stories of a few __________ (hero) in class. 17.Can you write __________ (diary) in English? IV. Rewrite the following sentences as required. 1.Jane has breakfast every day.（改否定） Jane __________ __________ breakfast every day. 2.The old man asked me to help him.（保持句义不变）The old man asked me __________ __________. 3.She needs our help.（改为否定句）She __________ __________ our help 4.We can buy fish in Seafood section.（对画线部分提问） In __________ section __________ you buy fish? 5.You cook a meal for us. You're very kind.（合并为一句） __________ very kind of you __________ cook a meal for us. 答案 I. Fill in the blanks according to the phonetic transcriptions. yogurt onions fridge ingredients mutton recipe Each pieces pleasure chopsticks II. Choose the best answer. 1.CCBB 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.C III. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. 1.unhealthy 2.balanced 3.choice 4.tasty 5.pleasure 6.Frozen 7.Fried 8.boiling 9.surprising 10.sides IV. Rewrite the following sentences as required. 1.doesn’t have 2.for help 3.doesn’t need 4.which can 5.It’s to 一、单词拼写-用汉语提示填空 1．Emma has a (瓶子). 【答案】bottle 【详解】句意：艾玛有一个瓶子。bottle“瓶子”，此时为可数名词，根据空前的“a”可知，此处用单数形式。故填bottle。 2．Some (盒子) are under the desk. 【答案】boxes 【详解】句意：一些盒子在桌子下面。盒子：box，可数名词，some修饰可数名词复数形式boxes。故填boxes。 3．I like the math because I’m good with . (数字) 【答案】numbers 【详解】句意：我喜欢数学，因为我对数字很在行。number“数字”，可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填numbers。 4．Baby pandas have no (牙齿). 【答案】teeth 【详解】句意：熊猫宝宝没有牙齿。根据汉语提示可知，tooth“牙齿”，由“Baby pandas”可知，此处应用复数形式teeth。故填teeth。 5．There’re many cows and (绵羊) on my uncle’s farm. 【答案】sheep 【详解】句意：我叔叔的农场上有许多奶牛和绵羊。sheep“绵羊”，many后跟名词复数，sheep的复数是本身。故填sheep。 二、单词拼写-用首字母提示填空 6．Don’t eat too much f food from the refrigerator. 【答案】(f)rozen 【详解】句意：不要吃太多冰箱里的冷冻食品。根据空后名词“food”可知，该空应用形容词修饰名词；结合句中“from the refrigerator”可知，应是冷冻食品，该空应填形容词“冷冻的”即“frozen”。故填(f)rozen。 7．Oh, the soup is tasteless (无味的). Can you pass me the s over there? 【答案】(s)alt 【详解】句意：哦，这汤没味道。你能把那边的盐递给我吗？根据“the soup is tasteless”可知汤没有味道，所以要加入一些盐，salt“盐”，不可数名词。故填(s)alt。 8．His favourite breakfast is p . It is easy to make. 【答案】(p)orridge 【详解】句意：他最喜欢的早餐是粥。它很容易做。根据“breakfast”和“It is easy to make.”及首字母可知，容易做的早餐应是粥，porridge“粥”，不可数名词。故填(p)orridge。 9．Here’s a quiz about eating h . 【答案】(h)abits 【详解】句意：这里有一个关于饮食习惯的小测验。根据“Here’s a quiz about eating”首字母提示可知，此处指的是饮食习惯，eating habits“饮食习惯”，固定短语。故填(h)abits。 10．O does not blend (融合) with water. 【答案】(O)il 【详解】句意：油与水不相融。根据“does not blend (融合) with water”和首字母o可知，与水不相融的是油，oil“油”，是不可数名词，故填(O)il。 11．The sun finally comes out after the heavy rain. Can you see the beautiful r in the sky? 【答案】(r)ainbow 【详解】句意：大雨过后，太阳终于出来了。你能看见天空中美丽的彩虹吗？根据“The sun finally comes out after the heavy rain.”及首字母可知，此处是美丽的彩虹，rainbow“彩虹”，是可数名词；结合语境可知，此处应用单数形式。故填(r)ainbow。 12．I want some m and sugar for my coffee. 【答案】(m)ilk 【详解】句意：我想在咖啡里加些牛奶和糖。根据“I want some...and sugar for my coffee.”及首字母提示可知此处表示“牛奶”milk，不可数名词。故填(m)ilk。 13．How about buying some chips at the snacks s in the supermarket? 【答案】(s)ection 【详解】句意：在超市的小吃区买些薯条怎么样？结合首字母提示和“buying some chips at the snacks...in the supermarket”可知，此处表示在超市的小吃区买些薯条，名词section“区”符合语境。故填(s)ection。 14．Milk, cheese and y are dairy products. 【答案】(y)ogurt 【详解】句意：牛奶、奶酪和酸奶都是乳制品。根据“dairy products.”及首字母可知，酸奶是乳制品，yogurt“酸奶”，为不可数名词。故填(y)ogurt。 15．My maths teacher is so nice that she often helps me work out the p easily. 【答案】(p)roblems 【详解】句意：我的数学老师很好，以至于她经常帮助我轻松地解决问题。根据“My maths teacher is so nice that she often helps me work out”可知老师帮助自己解决问题，problem“问题”，用名词复数表示泛指。故填(p)roblems。 三、单词拼写-词转 16． (wolf) are endangered (濒危的) animals. 【答案】Wolves 【详解】句意：狼是濒危动物。wolf“狼”，可数名词；由“are”可知，名词应用复数wolves，位于句首首字母大写。故填Wolves。 17．The (sport) meeting is very exciting. 【答案】sports 【详解】句意：运动会非常令人兴奋。sports meeting意为“运动会”，固定用法。故填sports。 18．Mr. Smith bought three of local snacks for the exchange students. (box) 【答案】boxes 【详解】句意：史密斯先生为交换生买了三盒当地小吃。空前有“three”修饰，名词应用复数形式，故填boxes。 19．My uncle has two (goose) on the farm. 【答案】geese 【详解】句意：我叔叔农场有两只鹅。根据“two”和提示词可知，此处应是名词goose的复数形式geese。故填geese。 20．The store has many , such as toys, books and games. (produce) 【答案】products 【详解】句意：这家商店有许多产品，比如：玩具、书籍和游戏。根据“such as toys, books and games.”可知空处需要表示“商品，产品”的词，produce作动词时意为“生产”，其名词形式product表示“产品” 。many后接可数名词复数，所以product要变为复数形式products。故填products。 21．The doctor gave him some on how to keep healthy. (tip) 【答案】tips 【详解】句意：医生给了他一些保持健康的建议。考查名词复数。tip，名词意为“建议，提示”，是可数名词；空前有some，修饰可数名词复数形式。故填tips。 22．I help my mother wash (dish) in the kitchen. 【答案】dishes 【详解】句意：我帮妈妈在厨房里洗盘子。dish“盘子”，此处应用可数名词复数形式表泛指，故填dishes。 23．—Two (glass) of lemon juice, please. —OK. Here you are. 【答案】glasses 【详解】句意：——请给我两杯柠檬汁。——好的。给你。根据“Two”可知，“two”后需要使用“glass”的复数形式，表示“两杯柠檬汁”。故填glasses。 24．The farmer checked on the in the barn to make sure they were healthy. (calf) 【答案】calves 【详解】句意：农夫检查了牛棚里的小牛，以确保它们是健康的。根据“they were healthy”可知，此处应填所给单词calf“小牛”的复数形式calves。故填calves。 25．Please send me some of your new flat. It must be very nice. (photo) 【答案】photos 【详解】句意：请给我寄一些你的新公寓的照片，一定很漂亮。根据空前的“some”可知，应填所给名词photo“照片”的复数形式photos，作宾语。故填photos。 四、选词填空 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。 chip  him  actually  believe  dangerous Brian had some wrong views about food. After doing a healthy eating project, he said to 26 : it’s all about balance. Most people 27 we should eat as many fruits and vegetables as possible. But 28 , it is important to eat all kinds of food. Also, many people think all snacks are unhealthy. In fact, it’s OK to eat snacks like 29 , just not too many. Some people say fat and salt are always bad. However, it’s 30 to eat too little—our bodies need them to work well. 【答案】26．himself 27．believe 28．actually 29．chips 30．dangerous 【导语】本文主要讲述了Brian通过健康饮食项目改变了错误的饮食观念，强调了饮食平衡的重要性。 26．句意：在完成了一个健康饮食项目后，他对自己说：这都是关于平衡的。根据“he said to”和备选词汇可知，此处Brian是对自己说话，需用反身代词。him“他”，宾格，反身代词为himself“他自己”。故填himself。 27．句意：大多数人认为我们应该吃尽可能多的水果和蔬菜。描述事实用一般现在时。空处位于复数主语“Most people”后，填动词原形作谓语。根据“we should eat as many fruits and vegetables as possible”和备选词汇可知，此处指人们认为吃越多的水果蔬菜越好。believe“相信，认为”，动词。故填believe。 28．句意：但事实上，吃各种食物很重要。此处需用副词修饰整个句子。根据“it is important to eat all kinds of food.”和备选词汇可知，事实上，吃各种各样的食物是重要的。actually“事实上”，副词。故填actually。 29．句意：事实上，吃像薯片这样的零食是可以的，只是不要吃太多。根据“eat snacks”和备选词汇可知，薯片是零食。chip“炸薯片”，可数名词，前无冠词修饰，用复数形式的chips。故填chips。 30．句意：然而，吃得太少是危险的——我们的身体需要它们才能正常工作。此句为“it is+形容词+to do sth”“做某事是……的”结构，空处填形容词。根据“our bodies need them to work well”和备选词汇可知，吃得太少，身体不能正常工作，这样是危险的。dangerous“危险的”，形容词。故填dangerous。 五、阅读理解 The weather is getting hot. Would you like to have some cucumber with mashed garlic (蒜泥黄瓜)? When you enjoy this tasty dish, don’t forget to say “thanks” to one person—Zhang Qian. Zhang Qian lived in the Han Dynasty (朝代). He was an early visitor on the Silk Road (丝绸之路) and brought a lot of new foods and other things to China. The Silk Road was a long road. It was from China to Central Asia (中亚), and even Europe. Where is this dish from? The cucumber came from South Asia. In early times, Chinese people called it “hugua”. “Hu” means “foreign (外国的)”. That is to say, it isn’t from China. Later, its name is “huanggua”. In some places, people also call it “qinggua”. What about garlic? Its home was in Central Asia. Zhang Qian brought it to China about 2,000 years ago. Garlic can make many dishes taste better. It kills germs in our body and is good for our health. What is the Silk Road? The Silk Road was also called “Sweet (甜的) Road”. Besides (除了) vegetables, it brought many kinds of tasty fruits to China, too. Do you like grapes? They also came from Central Asia. Do you ever see the words “hu”, “yang”, “fan” or “xi” in Chinese names of some foods? These names usually mean these foods do not come from China. For example, “huluobu (carrots)” and “yangcong (onions)”. Can you find more? 31．What does the underlined word “germs” most probably mean (意思) in the text? A．Something good. B．Something bad. C．Something sweet. D．Something delicious. 32．Why was the Silk Road also called “Sweet Road”? A．People got a lot of candies on the road. B．Many tasty fruits came to China through (通过) the road. C．People on the road were sweet and friendly. D．The silk on the road was sweet. 33．What can we learn from the text? A．Zhang Qian brought the cucumber back from Central Asia. B．Zhang Qian brought the grapes back from South Asia. C．The Silk Road was from China to Europe and Africa. D．Garlic came from Central Asia about 2,000 years ago. 34．Which of the following don’t come from China according to the last paragraph? ①tomatoes  ②bananas  ③watermelons  ④pears A．①② B．②③ C．①③ D．③④ 35．What is the best title (标题) for the text? A．Foods Through the Silk Road B．The English Name of “huanggua” C．What Is the “Silk Road” D．Dynasties in Chinese History 【答案】31．B 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了丝绸之路在食物传播中的作用，特别是张骞将黄瓜、大蒜等外来食物引入中国的历史，并解释了部分食物名称中的“胡”“洋”等字的外来含义。 31．词句猜测题。根据“It kills”和“and is good for our health”可知，大蒜能杀死体内的不好的东西，且对健康有益。结合常识，能杀死的东西通常是对健康有害的，因此germs指“有害物质”。故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据“Besides (除了) vegetables, it brought many kinds of tasty fruits to China, too.”可知，丝绸之路因带来多种美味水果而被称为“Sweet Road”。故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据“What about garlic? Its home was in Central Asia. Zhang Qian brought it to China about 2,000 years ago.”可知，大蒜来自中亚，由张骞引入。故选D。 34．细节理解题。根据“Do you ever see the words ‘hu’, ‘yang’, ‘fan’ or ‘xi’ in Chinese names of some foods? These names usually mean these foods do not come from China.”可知，名称含“胡”“洋”“番”“西”的食物多为外来。番茄含“番”，西瓜含“西”，因此番茄和西瓜不是来自中国的，即①③不是来自中国的。故选C。 35．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕丝绸之路引入的食物展开，介绍了丝绸之路在食物传播中的作用。选项A“丝绸之路的食物”最适合当标题。故选A。 Welcome to Jiawei Restaurant! We have really good noodles. They are cheap and nice. There are some great specials. You can also get some other great food here. They are all delicious. Have a look at our menu (菜单) and have a try soon. Our restaurant is on Shopping Street, between the post-office and the police station. I believe you will like it. You can call 281-7769 to book seats (预定座位). Noodles Special A (chicken and carrot)      10 yuan Special B (mutton and cabbage)      12 yuan special C (beef and tomato)     14 yuan Dumplings Pork (猪肉) and mushroom (蘑菇) dumplings      16 yuan Beef and cabbage dumplings            20 yuan Ice Cream Apple ice cream      3 yuan Strawberry ice cream      4 yuan 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 36．Jiawei Restaurant is ________. A．on Center Street B．far from the post office C．next to the hospital D．next to the police station 37．You can have ________ noodles in Jiawei Restaurant. A．chicken and cabbage B．beef and potato C．mutton and cabbage D．chicken and tomato 38．You can call ________ to book seats (预定座位). A．282-7769 B．281-7779 C．281-7769 D．281-7669 39．If you have 19 yuan, you can buy ________. A．pork and mushroom dumplings and apple ice cream B．mutton and cabbage noodles and strawberry ice cream C．beef and tomato noodles and strawberry ice cream D．beef and cabbage dumplings and apple ice cream 40．How much are the beef and cabbage dumplings? A．twenty-five yuan B．twelve yuan C．eighteen yuan D．twenty yuan 【答案】36．D 37．C 38．C 39．B 40．D 【导语】本文是佳伟餐厅的菜单介绍，包括餐厅位置、菜品及价格等信息。 36．细节理解题。根据“Our restaurant is on Shopping Street, between the post-office and the police station.”可知，佳伟餐厅在警察局旁边。故选D。 37．细节理解题。根据菜单中“Special B (mutton and cabbage)”可知，在佳伟餐厅可以吃到羊肉白菜面条。故选C。 38．细节理解题。根据“You can call 281-7769 to book seats.”可知，预定座位可以拨打281-7769。故选C。 39．推理判断题。根据“Special B (mutton and cabbage) 12 yuan”及“Strawberry ice cream 4 yuan”可知，羊肉白菜面条和草莓冰淇淋，总共16元，19元足够购买。故选B。 40．细节理解题。根据菜单中“Beef and cabbage dumplings 20 yuan”可知，牛肉白菜饺子20元。故选D。 六、完形填空 You can buy chewing gum (口香糖) in nearly every country of the world. But it wasn’t always like that. The American Indians were the first people to chew gum. This gum 41 a special kind of tree that grew on their land. In 1848, a sailor called John Curtis began selling it. He was the first person to sell chewing gum. The gum he sold cost just a few cents for two pieces. It became 42 very quickly even though it was very hard to chew. Nowadays, other things are added to the gum to make it soft and sweet. By 1890, there were hundreds of different chewing gums. The most famous name in chewing gum, however, is probably William Wrigley. He 43 a lot of money in advertising and even sent free pieces of gum to children on their birthdays. He also said that chewing gum helped people work better and that it stopped people 44 feeling tired. Although today millions of people chew gum, not 45 thinks it is a good thing to do. Many people think it is dirty. The Singapore government does not allow people to buy chewing gum. One reason for this is that when some people have chewed all the taste out of their piece of gum, they take it out of their 46 and put it onto the backs of seats or other places. What will you do after you chew the gum? 41．A．came from B．fell off C．went back D．got to 42．A．delicious B．popular C．friendly D．nice 43．A．cost B．took C．used D．spent 44．A．up B．from C．on D．in 45．A．everyone B．anyone C．someone D．no one 46．A．ears B．lips C．mouths D．eyes 【答案】41．A 42．B 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文中主要介绍了口香糖的来历以及它的发展史。虽然现在口香糖风靡世界，但是，并不是所有的国家都欢迎它。正所谓万物都具有两面性，处理好了也就化弊为利了。 41．句意：这种口香糖来自他们土地上生长的一种特殊的树。 came from来自；fell off跌落；went back回去；got to不得不。根据“a special kind of tree that grew on their land.”可知，此处指口香糖的来源，came from符合，故选A。 42．句意：它很快就流行起来，尽管它很难咀嚼。 delicious美味的；popular流行的；friendly友好的；nice美好的。根据“very quickly even though it was very hard to chew.”可知，此处表达口香糖很快流行起来，故选B。 43．句意：他在广告上花了很多钱，甚至在孩子们生日的时候送给他们免费的口香糖。 cost花费，主语是物；took花费，常用于花时间；used使用；spent花费，主语是人。根据“He …a lot of money in advertising”可知，主语为人，此处指花费金钱，spent符合，故选D。 44．句意：他还说，嚼口香糖可以帮助人们更好地工作，并且可以防止人们感到疲劳。 up向上；from来自；on在……之上；in在……内。stop sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，固定搭配，故选B。 45．句意：虽然今天有数百万人嚼口香糖，但并不是每个人都认为这是一件好事。 everyone每个人；anyone任何人；someone有人；no one没有人。根据“not … thinks it is a good thing to do”可知，此处表达并不是每个人都认为这是一件好事，故选A。 46．句意：其中一个原因是，当一些人咀嚼完口香糖的味道后，他们会把口香糖从嘴里拿出来，放在座位后面或其他地方。 ears耳朵；lips嘴唇；mouths嘴巴；eyes眼睛。根据“they take it out of their”可知是把口香糖从嘴里取出来，故选C。 七、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you have good eating habits? Yes? Then you must know it is very important to eat 47 (healthy). Lots of ice-cream and hamburgers 48 (be) not healthy. It’s good to eat some meat like beef and pork, but too much meat is bad 49 you. Milk and fish are good for your 50 (tooth), and carrots and eggs are good for your eyes. If you feel tired, you 51 (have) some chicken soup. It can give you enough energy. Remember: It’s important to have 52 healthy lifestyle (生活方式). This means we must eat well and sleep 53 (good). ◆Have a good breakfast every morning. Have some eggs 54 milk each day. ◆Eat freshly. Made noodles or rice for lunch, not fast food. ◆Don’t 55 (eat) too much for dinner. ◆Drink water and tea. Don’t drink too many soft drinks. Eat a lot of fruit and 56 (vegetable). ◆Try to have an eight-hour sleep every day. 【答案】 47．healthily 48．are 49．for 50．teeth 51．can have/should have 52．a 53．well 54．and 55．eat 56．vegetables 【导语】本文主要讲述了健康饮食和生活方式的重要性，并给出了一些具体的建议。 47．句意：那么你一定知道健康饮食是非常重要的。根据“it is very important to eat...(healthy)”可知，空处应是healthy的副词形式healthily，修饰动词eat。故填healthily。 48．句意：许多冰淇淋和汉堡包都不健康。根据“Lots of ice-cream and hamburgers...(be) not healthy.”可知，句子叙述事实，用一般现在时，主语是“Lots of ice-cream and hamburgers”，为复数，此时be动词用are。故填are。 49．句意：吃一些像牛肉和猪肉这样的肉是有好处的，但吃太多肉对你有害。be bad for“对……有害”，是固定搭配。故填for。 50．句意：牛奶和鱼对你的牙齿有好处。根据“Milk and fish are good for your...(tooth),”可知，形容词性物主代词your后接名词，空处应是tooth的复数形式teeth，表泛指。故填teeth。 51．句意：如果你觉得累，可以喝点鸡汤。此处表建议，can/should均符合语境，两者均后接动词原形。故填can have/should have。 52．句意：拥有健康的生活方式很重要。根据“It’s important to have...healthy lifestyle (生活方式).”可知，此处指一种健康的生活方式，healthy以辅音音素开头，空处应是不定冠词a。故填a。 53．句意：这意味着我们必须吃得好、睡得好。根据“we must eat well and sleep...(good)”可知，空处修饰动词sleep，应用good的副词形式well。故填well。 54．句意：每天吃些鸡蛋以及喝些牛奶。根据“Have some eggs...milk each day.”可知，吃鸡蛋和喝牛奶，表并列，用and。故填and。 55．句意：晚餐不要吃太多。助动词don’t后接动词原形，故填eat。 56．句意：多吃水果和蔬菜。vegetable是可数名词，a lot of后接其复数形式。故填vegetables。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Improve Your Eating Habits Healthy eating is important for a healthy body and mind. Both what we eat and how we eat 57 (be) important! For example, some people have fast food every week. It is easy and delicious! But it often 58 (have) lots of salt, fat, and sugar. That makes us put 59 weight. Eating fast food like pizza and hamburgers too often may cause heart problems later. If you cook your own meals instead, you can make healthy balanced meals. Eating three 60 (meal) a day is important. But some people don’t have breakfast. Maybe they don’t feel hungry (饥饿的) in the morning, or they are too busy to eat anything. But food gives 61 (we) energy. It is easy to feel 62 (sleep) and find it hard to focus on our work or studies if we don’t eat breakfast. Some people also eat too many sweet 63 (thing). Ice cream, sweets, and chocolate are delicious, 64 they usually have lots of sugar. This can cause tooth problems. When you want a snack, why don’t you have some fruit instead? After all, an apple a day 65 (keep) the doctor away. Remember: You are what you eat. Healthy eating 66 (mean) eating healthy food and having good eating habits. 【答案】 57．are 58．has 59．on 60．meals 61．us 62．sleepy 63．things 64．but 65．keeps 66．means 【导语】本文主要介绍了改善饮食习惯的重要性，包括避免频繁食用快餐、坚持每日三餐、减少高糖食品摄入等，并强调健康饮食不仅指吃健康食物，还包括养成良好的饮食习惯。 57．句意：我们吃什么和怎么吃都很重要！主语为“Both what we eat and how we eat”（两者并列），视为复数，时态是一般现在时，所以be动词用are。故填are。 58．句意：但它通常含有大量的盐、脂肪和糖。主语it（指代 fast food）为第三人称单数，时态是一般现在时，故用have的第三人称单数形式has。故填has。 59．句意：这会让我们长胖。put on weight是固定搭配，意为“增重；长胖”，故填on。 60．句意：每天吃三顿饭很重要。meal“餐；膳食”，是可数名词，根据“three”可知用复数形式meals，three meals表示“三顿饭”。故填meals。 61．句意：但食物给我们能量。give是动词，后接宾格代词，we的宾格形式为us，故填us。 62．句意：如果不吃早餐，我们很容易感到困倦，也很难集中精力工作或学习。feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语，sleep“睡觉”，动词，其形容词形式为 sleepy（困倦的），故填sleepy。 63．句意：有些人还吃太多甜食。thing“东西”，是可数名词，“too many+可数名词复数”表示“太多……”，故填things。 64．句意：冰淇淋、糖果和巧克力很美味，但它们通常含有大量糖分。根据“Ice cream, sweets, and chocolate are delicious”和“they usually have lots of sugar.”可知，前后句是转折关系，故用but连接。故填but。 65．句意：毕竟，一天一苹果，医生远离我。谚语时态为一般现在时，主语an apple是第三人称单数，所以keep用第三人称单数形式keeps。故填keeps。 66．句意：健康饮食意味着吃健康的食物和养成良好的饮食习惯。主语“Healthy eating”是动名词短语，视为单数，时态是一般现在时，所以mean用第三人称单数形式means。故填means。 八、任务型阅读 阅读下面的文章，回答问题。 Food Myths “Only fruit and vegetables are healthy foods.” The human body needs to eat many different types of food to stay healthy. The Chinese Food Guide Pagoda shows us what food we should eat. While fruit and vegetables are healthy choices, it is just as important to eat foods from other food groups. Milk, for example, contains many nutrients and is good for our bones. We should include milk or dairy products among the things we eat. “Eating fat makes you fat.” Eating fat is important for keeping us healthy. It gives us energy and helps our body to take in nutrients. Not all fat makes us gain weight. Some fat can even encourage our body to lose weight. It is necessary to include some, but not too much, fat in our food to help our body work well. “It’s OK to eat only what I like while I’m young.” When we are young, it might feel like we can just eat whatever we want! For example, sweets and fri ed foods taste delicious. But we cannot eat those foods alone. Eating balanced meals is very important when we are young. It helps our body and brain to grow well. Bad eating habits may stay with us our whole life, so it is best to develop good eating habits early! 67．What can milk do for our body? 68．What do we need besides(除了……之外) fruit and vegetables to stay healthy? 69．Why should young people eat balanced meals? 70．What is a wrong idea about fat in the text? 71．Is there anything you might do to change your eating choices? What is it? 【答案】67．It’s good for our bones. 68．Foods from other food groups like milk or dairy products. 69．To help their body and brain grow well. 70．Eating fat makes you fat. 71．回答合理即可。参考答案：Yes, I’ll eat balanced meals./Yes, I’ll drink more milk. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过分析一些饮食误区，传达了要保持健康需均衡饮食，避免对某些食物存在片面认知的观点，倡导人们养成良好的饮食习惯。 67．根据“Milk, for example, contains many nutrients and is good for our bones.”可知，牛奶对我们的骨骼有益，故填It’s good for our bones. 68．根据“While fruit and vegetables are healthy choices, it is just as important to eat foods from other food groups.”可知，除了水果和蔬菜，我们还需要其他食物类别的食物来保持健康，故填Foods from other food groups like milk or dairy products. 69．根据“Eating balanced meals is very important when we are young. It helps our body and brain to grow well.”可知，年轻人应该均衡饮食，因为这有助于身体和大脑的良好发育，故填To help their body and brain grow well. 70．根据“Eating fat makes you fat.”和“Not all fat makes us gain weight.”可知，错误的观点是“吃脂肪会让你变胖”，故填Eating fat makes you fat. 71．回答合理即可。参考答案：Yes, I’ll eat balanced meals./Yes, I’ll drink more milk. $$