模块二 完形填空-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年初升高英语知识衔接

It􀆳s easier said than done.But try to take a deep breath and find your voice. Don􀆳t be afraid to approach (接近)people. 2. Sit in the middle of the class- room with as many new friends around you as possible. 3. Take part in after-class activities that interest you.Try to make friends in the clubs.If you don􀆳t join anything,you wil be just going to class and then going home. Being in a club makes you more social. Stay clean. No one likes a bad smel that could knock someone over.Shower every day,brush your teeth and wash your hair.4. Be respectful(尊 重 的)of people􀆳s differences. 5. And everyone believes in different things.It is a good thing to have different friends with different opinions be- cause you can each share your own. A.Join clubs. B.Starting a new life might make you ex- cited. C.But don􀆳t worry,because you are not alone. D.Everyone has his or her own opinion of the world. E.You are supposed to make yourself look clean and tidy,whatever you wear. F.Introduce yourself and start a conversa- tion about something you have in com- mon. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 模块二 完形填空 ·25· 初高中衔接教材 题型一 记叙文 [题型分析] 记叙文完形填空可分为叙事和记人两 种形式,它们有几个显著的特点:以一般过 去时为主,其他时态为辅;大量使用动词; 适当出现直接引语。做题时要注意以下 几点: 解题要领 内容解读 抓住文 章中心 中心思想有助于明确做题方 向,提高针对性。文章题目揭示中 心思想:如无题目,抓文章开头结 尾,尤其是议论抒情的语句,也可抓 住文章的中心。 明确叙 述角度 在做题时考生可采用“角色渗 透法”,这样有助于走进作者的思 维,深入理解文章的含义。 理清写 作顺序 记叙文的写作顺序为:顺序、倒 叙、插叙、补叙、分叙,理清写作顺序 有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉, 从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。 明确写 作要素 弄清记叙文的6要素,5W1H, 即时间(when),地点(where),人物 (who),事件(what),原因(why), 结果(how),抓住这些写作要素,就 基本上抓住了文章的主体。 洞悉写 作目的 写作目的是借助叙事、写人或 写景来阐明一个道理,给人以启迪 或教益。 [解题策略] 技法一 重首句,易入题 完形填空的题眼往往出现在文章的开 头。通过把握首句,可以确定文章的主题、 背景、人物、时间、地点、事件等,从而把握 文章的发展方向,达到顺利“入题”的目的。 技法二 寻复现,找答案 完形填空选项的设置,命题人往往通过 原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、同源词复 现、反义词复现、上下词复现等方式重现已经 出现过的词汇。做题时,在把握语篇、透析语 境的前提下,应留心选项中是否有与上下文中 相对应的词汇,运用词汇复现技巧快速锁定答 案。常见的词汇复现方式如下: 1.原词复现———在上下文中同一词汇 重复出现 一个单词在一个语义场中以同样的词 形反复出现,有时兼有词性变化。 [典例1] I hate lying to the kids.One day they􀆳l 47.wake up and discover that everything they􀆳ve always known about windows is a 48 . I wonder if 49.parents should al- ways tel the truth no matter the 50. consequences.I have a very strong 51. fear that the lie we􀆳re teling is doing... 48.A.dream B.lie C.fantasy D.fact 【解析】 根据本段第一句中的lying以 及下一段第二句中的the lie可知,此处 应填lie(谎言)。 【答案】 B 2.同根词复现———词形变化的词汇 复现 [典例2] Simply saying thank you doesn􀆳t seem enough in certain situations.I was con- sidering this while working as a 41 just a few weeks ago.And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express diferent 42.grades of gratitude(感谢). ... She was 49 for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her.On her day of discharge,we 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·35· 第三部分 高中题型衔接 shared in her 50.delight at her recovery. As she was 51.leaving she was eager to say 52.goodbye to each of us in the nursing team. 41.A.cleaner B.chemist C.nurse D.doctor 【解析】 cleaner清洁工;chemist化学 家,药剂师;nurse护士;doctor医生。 根据下文“she was eager to say goodbye to each of us in the nursing team”可推 断,作者是一名护士(nurse)。nursing 与nurse是同根词复现。 【答案】 C 49.A.grateful B.thoughtful C.sorrowful D.fearful 【解析】 grateful感激的;thoughtful周 到的,体贴的;sorrowful悲伤的;fearful 担心的,害怕的。依据第一段最后一句 中的“gratitude(感谢)”和下文中她的行 为可推知,她感激医护人员为她做的一 切。grateful与 gratitude 是 同 根 词 复现。 【答案】 A 3.同/近义词复现———意思相同、相近 的表达方式或者解释性的词汇复现 [典例3] He 23.offered to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it.He also asked for unwanted bikes,which he would repair—again 24 . 24.A.by accident B.in advance C.for free D.on credit 【解析】 by accident偶然;in advance 提前;for free免费;on credit赊账。上 文提到他主动提出为有需要的人免费 修自行车,根据空前的again及语境可 知,此处指他再次免费修废弃的自行 车。free of charge与for free是同义词 复现。 【答案】 C 4.反义词复现———意思相反或对比性 解释的词汇复现 [典例4] Older and wiser now,Burchil chalked up the incident to youthful indis- cretion(莽撞). “I have 55 and I admit responsibil- ity of my 56.actions,” he said in the leter. 55.A.recovered B.retired C.escaped D.matured 【解析】 recover恢复;retire退休;escape 逃跑;mature成熟。根据上文“Older and wiser now,Burchil chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion(伯奇尔年纪大了, 也更明智了,他把这件事归咎于年轻时的 轻率行为)”和下文“I admit responsibility” 可以推测此时他应该是成熟了。youthful 与mature是反义词复现。 【答案】 D 5.上下词复现———总括与分述的词汇 复现 [典例5] Since our twins began learning to walk... I hate lying to the kids... I wonder if 49 should always tel the truth no matter the 50.conse- quences.I have a very strong 51.fear that the lie we􀆳re teling is doing 52.spir- itual damage to our children. 49.A.parents B.twins C.coleagues D.teachers 【解析】 根据上文中提到的our twins, the kids以及下文中的our children可 知,此处是指父母(parents)。 【答案】 A 技法三 看语境,辨词义 语境就是指文章的上下文,着重考查考 生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析、推理、 判断的能力。考生要通过上下文的提示或 暗示,对文章进行整体把握。因此,在做题 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·45· 初高中衔接教材 时要有全局观念,开头的题目要从下文找答 案,中间或最后的题目要从上下文查找信 息,即使考查词组,也是在理解语境前提下 的词义复现。近几年的高考真题更侧重于 考生对具体语境的把握,尤其是对整篇文章 语义的理解能力。所设选项中,三个干扰项 不一定是错误的,而是不符合所在语篇语言 环境的特点,因此突出了语境化和整体性, 主要涉及时间、地点、方向、情感、动作等。 1.根据上文提示 [典例1] We had to 43.carry everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked.It may not seem like a 44 way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack,my legs were on fire. My job was to 45.build a stairway out of rock.This 46.meant climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabit- ed(栖息)by mountain lions,although I should say they were only heard,never 47 . 44.A.nice B.safe C.long D.quick 【解析】 根据上文中的“walk three mi- les”和下文中的“but in 35℃ heat...on fire”可知,此处表示这段路程可能看起 来不长(long)。 【答案】 C 47.A.hunted B.trained C.seen D.fed 【解析】 根据上文中的“they were only heard”可知,此处表示作者没见过(see) 美洲狮。 【答案】 C 2.根据下文提示 [典例2] For most people,having things sto- len feels like an ofence.Robbie Pruit admit- ted that he got 16 when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last Septem- ber.But soon enough,his 17.emotions took a turn.After leting go of his anger and frus- tration,he found himself on a road to sympa- thy 18.instead. 16.A.amazed B.mad C.curious D.frightened 【解析】 amazed惊讶的;mad生气的;cu- rious好奇的;frightened害怕的。根据后 文“leting go of his anger”可知发现山地车 被偷,Robbie Pruit当时很生气。 【答案】 B 题型二 夹叙夹议文 [题型分析] 夹叙夹议文的完形填空一般有以下三 种结构特点: 1.事例→观点:先叙述一件事情,然后针对这 件事情发表自己的看法或揭示生活的真理。 2.观点→事例:先提出一种观点或看法,然 后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来 说明。一般是一个事例,有时也会用几 个事例从不同的侧面加以说明。 3.观点→事例→观点:首先提出一种观点 或看法,然后用事例说明,最后再进一步 阐述或总结自己的观点。 常用以下方法来解此类型试题: 解题要领 内容解读 分析结构,抓住 作者的观点 借助文章结构,即事例 →观点,观点→事例,观点→ 事例→观点,体会记叙和议 论的关系,抓住作者的观点, 明确文章的组织方式。看文 章属于上述哪种结构,从而 明白作者的写作思路。 重视首句,把握 文章主题 首句往往是文章的关键 句、引题句或主题句。通过 首句可以初步判断文章的写 作中心,为全面理解文章打 开一扇“窗户”。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·55· 第三部分 高中题型衔接 续表 解题要领 内容解读 叙议兼顾, 理 解 议 论 内涵 夹叙夹议文中叙与议是一个 有机的整体,叙是议的基础,而议是 叙的升华。在读这类文章时,掌握 议论部分的内容是关键,因为叙述 是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只 有把故事和哲理联系起来,再结合 对人物心理和行为的描述,全面把 握文章才能正确解题。 抓住转换, 理 清 逻 辑 关系 抓住记叙与议论的转换,及时 调整思维方式,理清上下文之间的 逻辑关系,在充分把握语境的基础 上,辨析词语,进一步把握作者的观 点、态度,找到正确答案。 [解题策略] 技法一 析逻辑,索答案 语篇是由一些意义相关的句子根据一 定的逻辑关系组织起来的语义整体。逻辑 关系隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落 的衔接中,体现作者的写作思路和篇章意 义,是贯穿整篇文章的主线。完形填空中 的任何一道题该选哪个选项,在文中必有 依据。因此,解答完形填空最基本的方法 就是根据空格前后所提供的信息或上下文 之间的逻辑关系,由逻辑关系中已知部分 推断出未知部分,做出符合逻辑的判断。 1.对立关系 对立关系包括让步、对比和转折关系,常 见的标志词和短语有:but,however,yet(然而, 但是),on the contrary(相反),by contrast(相 比之下),unfortunately,although,even though, while,nevertheless(然而,不过),whereas(然 而),in spite of(尽管),regardless of(不管,不 顾),anyhow,after al(毕竟),instead of(而不 是),rather than(而不是),not...but...,other- wise(否则),or else,to the opposite(对立面), compared with等。 [典例1] He has recently made a signifi- cant 16.discovery—loneliness is a seri- ous social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes,but it can be 17 in a clever way.The 18.solution? Chat benches. 17.A.experienced B.suffered C.prevented D.felt 【解析】 根据空格前的but与空格后的 “in a clever way”及“Chat benches.”可 知,虽然孤独会导致很多问题,但可以 通过长椅聊天的方式来预防(prevent)。 【答案】 C 2.并列和递进关系 并列和递进关系常用的标志词和短语 有:and,even,or,neither...nor...,not on- ly...but(also)...,similarly等。 [典例2] The students who he􀆳s 15.driv- en have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers,but what they􀆳ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wil- son.Some students 16 cal him “Grandpa”. 16.A.even B.ever C.once D.already 【解析】 根据语境,此处表示这些大学 生视威尔逊为楷模和朋友,甚至(even) 亲切地叫他“爷爷”。 【答案】 A 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·65· 初高中衔接教材 3.目的和因果关系 目的和因果关系常用的标志词和短语 有:because,for,since,as,thus(因 此), hence(因 此),therefore,so,so...that, such...that,in order that,in case,conse- quently(因此),accordingly,due to,thanks to,on account of(由于,因为),because of, seeing that(由于,因为),in that(因为), now that,as a result,for this reason等。 [典例3] My mother was so 51.touched by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier(收 银员)a five-dolar bil to keep on hand 52 the same happened to someone else if they didn􀆳t have enough 53.mon- ey for al of their groceries. 52.A.in case B.even if C.as though D.so that 【解析】 in case以防万一;even if即 使;as though好像;so that以便。根据 语境可知,受到陌生女士的启发,作者 的母亲决定在收银台放5美元,以防别 人也遇到类似的情况。 【答案】 A 4.条件关系 条件关系常用的标志词和短语有:if, unless,whether,supposing,on condition that,provided that,depending on等。 [典例4] As you mark off another “Earth Day” in your calendars,content that for at least 24 hours I remained in your thoughts,I wanted to remind you that I am sick.I􀆳m frightened that 1 I can􀆳t soon receive the appropriate medi- cine and care I need,my ilness wil be- come terminal beyond al cures. 1.A.when B.though C.if D.unless 【解析】 句意为:我担心如果我不能很快 地得到我所需要的适当的药物和护理,就会 变成不治之症。if引导条件状语从句。 【答案】 C 5.时间关系 时间关系常用的标志词和短语有:be- fore,since,as,until,meanwhile,at the mo- ment,when,whenever,as soon as等。 [典例5] For him,it was one thing to 49.accept his own fate of being blind and quite another to alow something to con- tinue 50 it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. 50.A.until B.when C.unless D.before 【解析】 根据下文“This moved him to action.”可知,对他来说在可以如此容 易解决的情况下,让事情继续下去完全 是另一回事。when“当……的时候”,符 合此处语境。 【答案】 B 6.层次和顺序关系 层次和顺序关系常用的标志词和短语 有:besides,finaly,first,firstly,further, eventualy,in the first place,last,next,sec- ond,secondly,third,thirdly,to begin with, to start with,on the one hand,on the other hand等。 [典例6] 49 ,the couple found that their bodies turned for the better,with re-found strong muscles that they thought had 50.lost forever. 49.A.Initialy B.Eventualy C.Temporarily D.Consequently 【解析】 最后(eventualy),夫妻俩发现 他们的身体都有所好转。initialy最 初;temporarily临时地;consequently因 此,所以。 【答案】 B 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·75· 第三部分 高中题型衔接 7.例证关系 例证关系常用的标志词和短语有:al in al,altogether,in brief,in sum,in conclusion,in short,in summary,on the whole,to sum up,to summarize,as a proof,as an example,for exam- ple,for instance,in particular,just as,namely, such as,that is,as to,say等。 [典例7] “I hope this method would be put into practice in the near future, 1 in the next 10 years,” he says. 1.A.imagine B.say C.suppose D.consider 【解析】 say在此处用作举例,意为“譬 如,比方说”。 【答案】 B 技法二 据搭配,知答案 完形填空中,有时会涉及短语,以动词 短语为主,偶见介词短语等。解题时,可以 通过仔细观察和回忆所学知识,进行有效 推断,选择正确答案。 [典例] With that thought in mind,Pruitt 22 a plan and posted it on the com- munity website.He 23 to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes,which he would repair—again 24.for free.And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn􀆳t have the 25.budget to buy one. 22.A.came up withB.stuck to C.gave up D.broke away from 【解析】 come up with提出;stick to坚 持;give up放弃;break away from 脱 离。根据后文“a plan and posted it on the community website”可知,此处指想 出了 一 个 计 划,come up with符 合 语境。 【答案】 A 23.A.remembered B.refused C.hesitated D.offered 【解析】 remember to do sth.记得未做的 事;refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事;hesitate to do sth.犹豫做某事;ofer to do sth.主动提 出做某事。结合后文“to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it”指Pruit 提议为他人免费修车。 【答案】 D 技法三 重平行,觅逻辑 文章中的意群总是通过一定的逻辑关 系连在一起,特别是并列平行的结构。这 些结构要么通过标点符号体现,要么通过 并列连词连接。一般来说,这些平行结构 所表达的语境是一致的,考生解题时要特 别注意这一点。 [典例] One day they􀆳l 47 and dis- cover that everything they􀆳ve always known about windows is a 48. lie . 47.A.win out B.give up C.wake up D.stand out 【解析】 根据空格后的discover可知, 此处表示总有一天孩子们会醒悟过来 (wake up)。win out终于成功;give up 放弃;stand out突出,显眼。 【答案】 C 题型三 说明文 [题型分析] 说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、 状态、用途、原理或事物的发生、发展、结果 等进行介绍、解释、说明的一种文体。与记 叙文相比,说明文类完形填空多用一般现 在时,其语言简练、平实、准确,常采用客观 描述,其主题明确,层次分明。高考说明文 类完形填空往往在文章的开头就点明说明 对象,从而为同学们把握文章主题提供了 有利条件。而且,作者借助合理的说明顺 序展开文章,使文章结构清晰,层次分明。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·85· 初高中衔接教材 解题要领 内容解读 明确说明对 象,理清段 落关系 通读全文,明确作者是针对 哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和 侧面对其加以说明的。在阅读过 程中要概括、总结每一段说明的 侧重点,理清各段之间的关系,加 深对说明对象的理解。 弄清说明顺 序,把握作 者态度 在说明的过程中作者会选择 合理的说明顺序对说明对象进行 解说。把握了说明顺序就能准确 把握文章的脉络,加深对整篇文 章的理解。常见的说明顺序有时 间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序(如 因果关系、果因关系、先主后次 等)和认识顺序(如由此及彼、由 浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到 本质等)。另外,在理清作者思路 的基础上,还要注意反映作者态 度的关键词或关键句,把握作者 的写作情感和意图。 [解题策略] 技法一 依常识,定答案 完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化 科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考 生在做题时,若能积极地调动自己掌握的生活 常识和文化背景知识,巧妙地加以运用,将会 大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的 时间,从而轻松地作出正确判断。 1.生活常识 [典例1] One afternoon,while 45.at- tempting to get into bed she colapsed (倒下)from what was 46.eventualy dis- covered to be a heart attack.The col- lapse was disastrous, 47 the emergency medical team and good team- work. 47.A.assessing B.requiring C.forming D.proving 【解析】 assess评估;require要求,需 要;form形成;prove证明。病人跌倒需 要救治是生活常识。 【答案】 B 2.文化背景 [典例2] Robert appeared on the stage. She took a deep breath and began to 16. speak.Now she was Portia,a strong- wiled 17 in Shakespeare􀆳s The Merchant of Venice.The theatre was filed with people.She was speaking with a power she had never before experi- enced,the words flowing 18.smoothly from her. 17.A.member B.actress C.player D.character 【解析】 表示小说或戏剧等中的“人 物”或“角色”,用character。故选D。 【答案】 D 技法二 破难句,解句意 完形填空的文章中会出现一些长句或 难句,而它们往往会影响一些答案的选择。 这时就要在理解上下文逻辑关系的基础上 有针对性地对句子结构、句子特点进行分 析,准确理解句意,明确所填选项在句中的 语法功能,从而做出正确判断。 [典例] For Pruitt,a keen bicyclist,the first thing to do was 19.replace his sto- len bike.But when he went bike shop- ping,he found few available,which got him thinking:What if the 20 of bikes was COVID-19 related,and what if the person who􀆳d taken his bike realy needed 21 to get to work? 20.A.lack B.variety C.increase D.quality 【解析】 lack缺乏;variety多样性;in- crease增加;quality质量。句意为:但 当他去买自行车时,发现几乎没有自行 车,这让他想到:如果缺少自行车与 COVID-19有关,如果骑他的自行车的 人真的需要交通工具去上班呢? 根据 上文“he found few available”可知商店 里缺少自行车。 【答案】 A 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·95· 第三部分 高中题型衔接 21.A.instruction B.qualification C.transportationD.permission 【解析】 instruction指令;qualification 资格;transportation运输工具;permis- sion允许。根据前后文“needed...to get to work”可知,Pruitt猜测偷自己自 行车的人是因为确实需要交通工具去 上班。 【答案】 C 题型四 议论文 [题型分析] 议论文是高考完形填空较难的一种文 体,一般由三个要素组成:论点、论据、结 论。论点和论据形成一体,相互印证。有 时作者为了使文章脉络清楚,行文流畅,会 使用一些连接词,如:on the contrary,al in al,in short,generaly speaking,worse stil,on the other hand,in conclusion,as a consequence等。做题时要注意以下几点: 解题要领 内容解读 首句制胜, 论点明确 议论型完形填空的首句常常 是文章的主旨句。作者一般在文 章的首段提出论点,然后在各段 的首句提出分论点。 不同的论点 提出方式 ①开门见山地提出论点,然 后再通过具体的论据去说明论 点,论据有时候既有正面的论据, 也有反面的论据,最后总结全文。 ②导入式提出论点。先通过叙述 生活中的一件具体的事情或描述 生活中的现象,然后根据事情或 现象所反映的问题提出自己的论 点,再用具体的论据去说明自己 的论点。③最后提出论点。有些 议论文一开始作者仅仅是列举生 活中的现象,不表明自己的观点, 而是通过对具体现象的分析,最 后得出一种结论。 关注尾段 尾段通常照应论点。 [解题策略] 技法一 巧排除,降难度 在掌握文章大意和细节的前提下,考 生可以通过试填试题中的选项选出最吻合 语境、最衔接语义的选项,这种解题方法被 称为“排除错项”。 [典例] ...the tractor heading towards the 44.motorway.I ran desperately but failed to 45 .It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. 45.A.take off B.catch up C.hold back D.get out 【解析】 根据上文的“ran desperately” 和下文的拖拉机冲过一个木栅栏然后 就不见了可知,作者没能追上(catch up)它。take off起飞;hold back抑制; get out出去。 【答案】 B 技法二 由熟词,知生义 一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考不 断出现的词汇活用现象。备考时应注意单 词本义以及根据词根推断单词生僻意义。 [典例] My mother is 92.Unless I have to be out of town,each week I take my mother to do her 36.shopping and visit the doctor,providing 37 and trans- portation.During the week,however,she likes to go to a nearby store to 38.buy some smal things she needs. 37.A.reward B.medicine C.company D.shelter 【解析】 reward报酬,奖赏;medicine 药物;company公司,陪伴;shelter躲避 处,避难所。根据文章首句“My mother is 92.”可知,作者的母亲年事已高,作 者会陪着母亲去购物、去看医生。com- pany本义是“公司”,此处是“陪伴”的 意思。 【答案】 C 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·06· 初高中衔接教材 Passage 1 文体:记叙文 题材:拾金不昧 One day,Matt Porter found a walet on the street in California,USA.Inside the walet,there was a card and a photo of a young woman and an old man.He wanted to give back the 1 ,but there was no ad- dress.He had only the 2 on the card— Sara Calvo—and the name of her company. Matt went to the company,but Sara Calvo did not 3 there anymore.No one at the company knew anything about her.Then he went online and found a Sara Calvo in Glendale.He 4 her,but the walet wasn􀆳t hers.He then put the walet away in a box. Two years later,Matt moved to Seat- tle for a new job.He took the walet with him.One day,he went to a 5 .He saw a poster(海报)on the board.A writer named Sara Calvo was coming to the bookstore to give a lecture.Matt 6 the photo on the poster.It was his Sara Calvo! He was so 7 and excited! The next day,he went to the bookstore and gave Sara Calvo the wal- let. “Where did you find this?” Sara asked.She took out the photo and started to 8 .“This is my grandfather.It was my only photo of him.I thought it was lost!I had 9 thought I could get it back some day!” Matt replied,“It􀆳s a long 10 .Let􀆳s have a cup of coffee,and I􀆳l tel you al about it.” 1.A.card B.photo C.money D.walet 2.A.picture B.letter C.name D.number 3.A.visit B.work C.rest D.live 4.A.liked B.knew C.caled D.surprised 5.A.bookstore B.school C.company D.cinema 6.A.took away B.picked up C.put up D.looked at 7.A.helpful B.happy C.friendly D.polite 8.A.think B.worry C.cry D.believe 9.A.sometimes B.often C.usualy D.never 10.A.story B.time C.way D.history Passage 2 文体:说明文 题材:记忆储存 You may use your phone to remember some perfect moments in your life.But be- fore you do this,here􀆳s a(n) 1 finding that photo-takers need to know:Taking photos is not the perfect memory-retention (记忆储存)tool you think it is. 2 ,taking too many pictures could harm the brain􀆳s 3 to keep memories, says Elizabeth Loftus,a psychological(心 理学的)science professor at the University of California.So you may get the pho- to 4 kind of lose memory. It works in two ways.Loftus explains:We 5 let go of the duty of remembering mo- ments when we take pictures of them,or we􀆳re so distracted(使分心)by the process of taking a photo that we miss the moment. Similarly,if you write down someone􀆳s phone number,you􀆳re less likely to remember it 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·16· 第三部分 高中题型衔接 at any time 6 your brain tels you there􀆳s just no need.That􀆳s al wel and good until that piece of paper goes missing. But photo-takers don􀆳t need to 7 . Here are some tips on how to make taking photos help not harm your memories.Take a few good pictures,then put down the phone.If your goal is to remember a special trip or event, 8 the time with your camera out is necessary. Have someone else take the photos. Ask a friend or family member to take photos for you at important events so you can 9 enjoy the activity. Focus on details.If you focus on the de- tails of a scene as you prepare to take a photo, that process can help keep memories. 10 your photos regularly.Photos are a useful tool for memory keeping only if we spend time looking through photos, but not every one can do that. 1.A.surprised B.excited C.surprising D.exciting 2.A.In fact B.At first C.In short D.At times 3.A.advantage B.health C.ability D.activity 4.A.and B.but C.however D.so 5.A.either B.whether C.or D.neither 6.A.unless B.until C.because D.although 7.A.think over B.feel down C.take care D.try out 8.A.warning B.regretting C.reducing D.spending 9.A.fuly B.angrily C.suddenly D.politely 10.A.Take away B.Check out C.Put away D.Look at Passage 3 文体:记叙文 题材:互助 Five years ago,I was at school when I got a cal from Mum.She said that our house was completely destroyed in a terrible tornado(龙卷 风).I felt 1 after hearing the news and then rushed back home. 2 ,neither of my parents got hurt.But Mum couldn􀆳t stop crying since we had 3 left.Seeing the tears on her face,I walked up and tried to 4 her.After a short of fear,we calmed down and started to think about what could be done next. Some 5 from the local government came to help in time.They offered us some food and money which we needed most.We 6 the folowing few days in a communi- ty centre but stil didn􀆳t know what was waiting for us. One of my best friends,Elsa,hurried there with a large sized 7 in her hand.In it,there was some fruit,biscuits,two coats and so on.I found neither of the coats was 8 for me.But I realy didn􀆳t mind be- cause her care was far more than that.It was more touching that I 9 got some books to read from her bag. As days went by,we 10 to my uncle􀆳s old flat which stayed empty for a couple of years.It was much 11 ,but af- ter al it was a place caled home. 12 we moved in,life was better.However,our rel- atives,friends and some strangers contin- ued to help us. Thanks to 13 help,we finaly lived through the pain.And for the first time I realized that 14 was enough when I had nothing else left in my life. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·26· 初高中衔接教材 Looking back now,the 15 time turns out to be an unforgettable experi- ence.No one can tel when the disaster wil come and what it may cause,but if we have some space for others in our heart and are ready to help,we can get over any “torna- do” in our life. 1.A.excited B.scared C.bored D.relaxed 2.A.Luckily B.Proudly C.Unluckily D.Unhappily 3.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 4.A.encourage B.miss C.believe D.greet 5.A.policemen B.doctors C.teachers D.officers 6.A.saved B.forgot C.enjoyed D.spent 7.A.coat B.box C.bag D.pocket 8.A.special B.dirty C.ugly D.fit 9.A.stil B.even C.hardly D.ever 10.A.returned B.moved C.traveled D.ran 11.A.smaler B.bigger C.brighter D.closer 12.A.Until B.Before C.After D.Whenever 13.A.his B.her C.our D.their 14.A.courage B.friendship C.love D.trust 15.A.strange B.hard C.happy D.free Passage 4 文体:记叙文 题材:失而复得 Once upon a time,there was a little sparrow.This sparrow was always on the hunt for something to eat and one day he happened upon a big bean.But before he could 1 it,he had to wash his hands.He hid the bean on a bridge and flew down to the 2 below to clean up. “I just can􀆳t wait for my wonderful 3 ,” the sparrow said to himself.Then he 4 his way back up to the bridge.“I won􀆳t have to work for a week!” But when he got back to his 5 place,the bean was gone! As the sparrow flew around looking for his lost treasure,he saw a 6 coming over the bridge.“ 7 ,can you help me find my bean?” the sparrow asked. “Please,do I look like I have time to find a tiny bean? Find it 8 ,” said the farmer as he walked away. Next,the sparrow saw a soldier coming over the bridge.He asked the sol- dier the 9 question.“Please,little bird,I have no time for you,” he said and walked on.Then a minister(大臣)came walking by,but 10 the sparrow could even ask, he laughed and walked away.The little bird had 11 given up hope,when the king came up the bridge,riding on an ele- phant.The sparrow repeated his question, but the king didn􀆳t 12 him.The sparrow sat on the bridge,hungry and sad. An ant came by.After he heard the sparrow􀆳s story,he went up to the ele- phant.“Tel the king to find that poor 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·36· 第三部分 高中题型衔接 bird􀆳s 13 ,or I wil go inside your ear and bite you!” The elephant stopped, turned to the king and said,“Go help that sparrow,or I wil throw you off.” The king was 14 .He caled the minister over and the minister ordered the soldier.Then the soldier went over to the farmer,“Find that bird􀆳s bean,or I􀆳l kick you off this bridge!” The farmer 15 al day and as the sun was setting,he finaly found the bean.The sparrow was thankful,and he ate wel for the next week. 1.A.plant B.sel C.drop D.eat 2.A.hil B.river C.tree D.forest 3.A.breakfast B.lunch C.supper D.dinner 4.A.lost B.felt C.made D.fought 5.A.sleeping B.playing C.working D.hiding 6.A.farmer B.soldier C.minister D.king 7.A.Thank you B.Excuse me C.I􀆳m sorry D.Come on 8.A.myself B.herself C.yourself D.himself 9.A.same B.different C.opposite D.common 10.A.while B.after C.before D.until 11.A.again B.almost C.already D.always 12.A.get on with B.catch up with C.take notice of D.think highly of 13.A.meat B.drink C.fruit D.food 14.A.scared B.satisfied C.excited D.bored 15.A.regretted B.thought C.waited D.searched 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 模块三 语法填空 ·46· 初高中衔接教材 Passage 7 【解读导语】 本文主要讲述了在太空中宇航员的 状态。 1.D 根据“Voices are almost the only things that are not changed by being weightless(声音 几乎是唯一不会因失重而改变的东西)”可知一 切都会失重,除了声音,选项D“你的朋友还可 以为你唱《生日快乐》。”符合语境,故选D。 2.A 根据“That􀆳s because without gravity(引 力),the fluids(液体) in their bodies move to- wards their heads.Their faces look a little fat- ter.(这是因为在没有重力的情况下,他们体内 的液体会流向头部。他们的脸看起来 有 点 胖。)”可知此处是介绍在失重情况下,宇航员的 模样,选项A“出于同样的原因,他们的腰围变 小,胸围变大。”符合语境,故选A。 3.E 根据“And because gravity is not pressing on the spine(脊 椎).The spine relaxes and stretches(舒展).”可知因为重力不会压迫脊 柱。脊柱会放松和伸展,选项E“宇航员在太空 中能长高一两英寸。”符合语境,故选E。 4.B 根据“Since nothing has weight,astronauts can lift heavy objects easily.”可知因为没有东 西有重量,宇航员可以轻松地举起重物。选项B “他们甚至可以互相托举起来。”符合语境,故 选B。 5.C 根据“However,it is harder to stay stil in space than to move around,so the astronauts always hold onto something or tie themselves to something.”可知在太空中保持静止比四处 走动更困难,因此宇航员总是抓住某个东西或 将自己绑在某个东西上。选项C“有一些维可 牢尼龙搭扣用来粘东西,防止它们四处漂浮。” 符合语境,故选C。 Passage 8 【解读导语】 短文介绍了开始上高中可能很困难 并详细的介绍了如何交朋友的一些好的建议。 1.C 根据前文“It may be difficult to start high school.Thinking about making new friends might make you feel nervous.(高中开始可能 比较难。想 着 交 新 朋 友 可 能 会 让 你 感 到 紧 张。)”可知C项“但是不要担心,因为你不是一 个人。”符合语境。故选C。 2.F 根据后文“Sit in the middle of the class- room with as many new friends around you as possible.(和尽可能多的新朋友坐在教室中 间。)”可知F项“介绍你自己,开始一段关于你 们共同点的对话。”符合语境。故选F。 3.A 根据后文“Take part in after-class activities that interest you.Try to make friends in the clubs.(参加你感兴趣的课外活动。试着在俱乐 部里交朋友。)”可知A项“加入俱乐部”符合语 境。故选A。 4.E 根据前文“Shower every day,brush your teeth and wash your hair.(每天洗澡,刷牙,洗 头。)”可知E项“不管你穿什么,你都应该让自 己看起来干净整洁。”符合语境。故选E。 5.D 根据后文“And everyone believes in differ- ent things.It is a good thing to have different friends with different opinions because you can each share your own.(每个人都有不同的信仰。 有不同观点的朋友是件好事,因为你们可以分 享自己的观点。)”可知D项“每个人都有自己对 世界的看法。”符合语境。故选D。 模块二 完形填空 【衔接集训】 Passage 1 【解读导语】 文章介绍了 Matt Porter捡到一个 包,历经两年最后成功还给失主的故事。 1.D 名词辨析。A.card卡片;B.photo照片; C.money钱;D.walet钱包。根据“Matt Por- ter found a walet on the street(马特·波特在 街上发现了一个钱包)”可知此处是指他想归还 钱包。故选D。 2.C 名词辨析。A.picture图画;B.letter信; C.name名字;D.number数字。根据“the name of her company(公司的名字)”可知此处是指卡 片上有公司的名字。故选C。 3.B 动词辨析。A.visit参观;B.work工作;C.rest 休息;D.live居住。根据“No one at the company knew anything about her.(公司里没人知道她的 事。)”可知她不再那里工作了。故选B。 4.C 动词辨析。A.liked喜欢;B.knew直到; C.caled打电话;D.surprised惊讶。根据“but the walet wasn􀆳t hers(但钱包不是她的)”可知 他给她打电话确认。故选C。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·111· 参考答案 5.A 名词辨析。A.bookstore书店;B.school学 校;C.company公司;D.cinema电影院。根据 “A writer named Sara Calvo was coming to the bookstore to give a lecture.(一位名叫萨拉·卡 尔沃的作家来书店做讲座。)”可知 Matt Porter 去的是书店。故选A。 6.D 短语辨析。A.took away带走;B.picked up 捡起;C.put up举起;D.looked at看着。根据 “...the photo on the poster.It was his Sara Calvo! (……海报上的照片。是他的萨拉·卡 尔沃!)”可知是指他看着海报上的照片,认出是 萨拉·卡尔沃。故选D。 7.B 形容词辨析。A.helpful有帮助的;B.happy 开心的;C.friendly友好的;D.polite礼貌的。 根据“and excited(激动)”可知他又开心,又激 动。故选B。 8.C 动词辨析。A.think认为;B.worry担心; C.cry哭;D.believe相信。根据“This is my grandfather.It was my only photo of him.(这 是我的祖父。那是我唯一一张他的照片。)”可 知萨拉·卡尔沃喜极而泣。故选C。 9.D 副词辨析。A.sometimes有时;B.often经 常;C.usualy通 常;D.never从 不。根 据“I thought it was lost! (我以为它丢了!)”可知此 处是指我从未想过有一天我能把它找回来! 可 知故选D。 10.A A.story故事;B.time时间;C.way方式; D.history历史。根据“Let􀆳s have a cup of coffee,and I􀆳l tel you al about it.(让我们喝 杯咖啡,我再告诉你一切。)”可知此处是指这 是很长的一个故事。故选A。 Passage 2 【解读导语】 本文主要讲述了一个令人惊讶的发 现:拍照并不是你认为的完美的记忆储存工具,可 能会损害大脑储存记忆的能力。 1.C 形容词辨析。句意:但在你这样做之前,拍 照者需要知道一个令人惊讶的发现:拍照并不 是你认为的完美的记忆储存工具。surprised惊 讶的;excited兴奋的;surprising令人惊讶的; exciting令人兴奋的。根据“You may use your phone to remember some perfect moments in your life.But before you do this,here􀆳s a (n)...finding that photo-takers need to know: Taking photos is not the perfect memory-re- tention (记忆储存) tool you think it is.(你可 能会用手机来回忆生活中一些完美的时刻。但 在你这么做之前,拍照的人需要知道一个发现: 拍照并不是你想象的那么完美的记忆保存工 具。)”可知,But表转折,其后陈述的一个发现与 传统认知是不一致,所以是一个令人惊讶的发 现。故选C。 2.A 介词短语辨析。句意:加州大学心理学教授 伊丽莎白·洛夫特斯(Elizabeth Loftus)表示, 事实上,拍太多照片可能会损害大脑保持记忆 的能力。In fact事实上;At first起初;In short 简言之;At times有时。根据“taking too many pictures could harm the brain􀆳s...to keep memories(拍太多的照片会伤害大脑保存记忆 的能力)”和“So you may get the photo...kind of lose memory.(所以你可能会得到照片,但会 失去记忆)”可知,此处强调拍太多照片事实上 会损害大脑保持记忆的能力。故选A。 3.C 名词辨析。句意:加州大学心理学教授伊丽莎 白·洛夫特斯(Elizabeth Loftus)表示,事实上,拍 太多照片可能会损害大脑保持记忆的能力。ad- vantage优势;health健康;ability能力;activity活 动。根据“taking too many pictures could harm the brain􀆳s...to keep memories(拍太多的照片会伤害 大脑保存记忆的能力)”和“So you may get the pho- to...kind of lose memory.(所以你可能会得到照 片,但会失去记忆)”可知,应该是损害大脑保持记 忆的能力。故选C。 4.B 连词辨析。句意:所以你可能会得到照片, 但稍微失去一些记忆。and和;but但是;how- ever然而;so因此。根据“So you may get the photo...kind of lose memory.(所以你可能会 得到照片,但会失去记忆)”可知,此处表转折关 系,使用but。故选B。 5.A 连词辨析。句意:我们要么在拍照时忘记了 记住瞬间的责任,要么在拍照过程中分心而错 过了这一时刻。either要么……要么;whether 是否;or或者;neither也不。结合句意,可知, either...or...要么……要么……。故选A。 6.C 连词辨析。句意:同样,如果你写下某人的 电话号码,你就不太可能在任何时候记住它,因 为你的大脑告诉你根本没有必要。unless除 非;until直到;because因为;although尽管。根 据“you􀆳re less likely to remember it at any time...your brain tels you there􀆳s just no need.(你不太可能在任何时候记住它,你的大 脑告诉你没有必要。)”可知,空后表原因,使用 because引导原因状语从句。故选C。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·211· 初高中衔接教材 7.B 动词短语辨析。句意:但拍照的人不需要感 到沮丧。think over仔细考虑;feel down感到 沮丧;take care当心;try out试用。根据“Here are some tips on how to make taking photos help not harm your memories.(这里有一些关 于如何使拍照有助于不伤害你的记忆的建 议。)”可知,此处是解决这个问题的方法,所以 不需要沮丧。故选B。 8.C 动词辨析。句意:如果你的目标是记住一次 特殊的旅行或活动,那么减少带相机的时间是 必要的。warning警告;regretting后悔;reduc- ing减少;spending花费。结合句意,可知,此处 建议减少带相机的时间。故选C。 9.A 副词辨析。句意:请朋友或家人在重要活动 中为您拍照,这 样 您 就 可 以 充 分 享 受 活 动。 fuly完全地,充分地;angrily生气地;suddenly 突然;politely礼貌地。结合句意,可知,让朋友 或家人为你拍照,就可以充分享受活动。故 选A。 10.D 动词短语辨析。句意:定期看你的照片。 Take away拿 走;Check out结 账 离 开;Put away收起;Look at看。结合句意,可知,此处 指看照片。故选D。 Passage 3 【解读导语】 本文主要讲述了作者遭遇龙卷风后 遇到了很多人的帮助。 1.B 考查形容词。句意:听到这个消息后我感到 很害怕,然后就冲回家去了。excited兴奋的; scared害怕的;bored无聊的;relaxed放松的。 根据“after hearing the news”可知,听了消息之 后很害怕,故选B。 2.A 考查副词。句意:幸运的是,我父母都没有 受伤。Luckily幸运地;Proudly骄傲地;Un- luckily不幸运地;Unhappily不高兴地。根据 “neither of my parents got hurt”可知,很幸运 父母没有受伤,故选A。 3.C 考查代词。句意:但是妈妈止不住地哭,因 为我们什么都没有了。something一些;any- thing任何;nothing什么都没有;everything一 切。根据“But Mum couldn􀆳t stop crying”可 知,龙卷风之后,什么都没有了,故选C。 4.A 考查动词。句意:我走上前,试图鼓励她。 encourage鼓励;miss思念;believe相信;greet 打招呼。根据“I walked up”可知,上前去安慰 母亲,故选A。 5.D 考查名词。句意:当地政府的一些官员及时 赶 来 帮 忙。policemen 警 察;doctors医 生; teachers老师;officers官员。根据“from the lo- cal government”可知,是政府官员,故选D。 6.D 考查动词。句意:我们在一个社区中心度过 了接下来的几天,但仍然不知道等待我们的是 什么。saved拯救;forgot忘记;enjoyed享受; spent度过。根据“in a community centre”可 知,在这里度过几天,故选D。 7.C 考查名词。句意:埃尔莎手里拿着一个大袋 子,匆匆赶到那里。coat外套;box盒子;bag袋 子;pocket口袋。根据“from her bag”可知,手 里拿着袋子,故选C。 8.D 考查形容词。句意:我发现两件外套都不适 合我。special特殊的;dirty脏的;ugly丑陋的; fit合适。根据“But I realy didn􀆳t mind because her care was far more than that.”可知,外套不 合适,故选D。 9.B 考查副词。句意:更令人感动的是,我甚至 从她的包里拿了一些书来读。stil仍然;even 甚至;hardly几 乎 不;ever曾 经。根 据“got some books to read”可知,袋子里甚至有书,故 选B。 10.B 考查动词。句意:日子一天天过去,我们搬 到了我叔叔的旧公寓里,好几年都没人住。re- turned返回;moved搬;traveled旅行;ran跑。 根据“to my uncle􀆳s old flat”可知,搬进旧公 寓,故选B。 11.A 考查形容词比较级。句意:它要小得多,但 毕竟是一个叫做家的地方。smaler更小;big- ger更大;brighter更明亮;closer更近。根据 “but after al it was a place caled home.”可 知,公寓很小,故选A。 12.C 考查连词。句意:我们搬进来后,生活变得 更好 了。Until直 到;Before在 …… 之 前; After在……之后;Whenever无论何时。根据 “life was better.”可知,搬进公寓之后生活更 好了,故选C。 13.D 考查代词。句意:多亏了他们的帮助,我们 终于熬过了痛苦。his他的;her她的;our我们 的;their他们的。根据“However,our rela- tives,friends and some strangers continued to help us.”可知,多亏了他们的帮助,故选D。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·311· 参考答案 14.C 考查名词。句意:我第一次意识到,当我的生 命中一无所有时,有爱就足够了。courage勇气; friendship友谊;love爱;trust信任。根据“when I had nothing else left in my life”可知,什么都没有 的时候,有爱就足够了,故选C。 15.B 考查形容词。句意:现在回想起来,那段艰 难的时光是一段难忘的经历。strange奇怪 的;hard艰难的;happy快乐的;free自由的。 根据全文内容可知,是一段艰难时期,故选B。 Passage 4 【解读导语】 本文讲述麻雀的豆子失而复得的 故事。 1.D 考查名词。plant种植;sel卖;drop掉落; eat吃。根据上文“one day he happened upon a big bean.(一天,他偶然发现了一个大豆子。)” 可知,此处是吃豆子,句意:但在他吃之前,他必 须洗手。故选D。 2.B 考查名词。hil小山;river河;tree树;for- est森林。根据上文“he had to wash his hands. (he had to wash his hands.)”可知,此处是要洗 手,所以是去河边,句意:他把豆子藏在一座桥 上,然后飞到下面的河里清理。故选B。 3.A 考查名词。breakfast早餐;lunch午餐;supper 晚餐;dinner晚餐。根据下文“The farmer...al day and as the sun was seting,(农夫……一整天,当太 阳落山的时候,)”可知,此处是他找了一整天,所以 麻雀打算把豆子当早餐,句意:我等不及我那美味 的早餐了。故选A。 4.C 考查动词。lost失去;felt感觉;made制作; fought打仗。根据语境可知,此处是设法回到 某地,make one􀆳s way back up to...设法回到 ……,句意:后来他回到了桥上。故选C。 5.D 考查动名词。sleeping睡觉;playing玩; working工作;hiding隐藏。根据上文“He hid the bean on a bridge (他把豆子藏在桥上)”可 知,此处是把豆子藏起来了,句意:但当他回到 藏身之处时,豆子不见了! 故选D。 6.A 考查。farmer农夫;soldier军人;minister 大臣;king国王。根据下文“said the farmer as he walked away.(农夫边说边走开。)”可知,此 处是一位农夫,句意:当麻雀飞来飞去寻找他丢 失的财宝时,他看见一个农夫从桥上走过来。 故选A。 7.B 考查日常用语。Thank you谢谢你;Excuse me打扰;I􀆳m sorry抱歉;Come on加油。根据 下文“can you help me find my bean? (你能帮 我找到我的豆子吗?)”可知,请对方帮忙,此处 应说“打扰了”,句意:打扰了,你能帮我找到我 的豆子吗? 故选B。 8.C 考查代词。myself我自己;herself她自己; yourself你自己;himself他自己。根据语境可 知,此处是农夫让麻雀自己找,句意:你自己去 找吧。故选C。 9.A 考查形容词。same相同的;different不同 的;opposite对立的;common共同的。联系上 下文可知,此处是麻雀问了相同的问题,句意: 他问士兵同样的问题。故选A。 10.C 考查连词。while当……时;after在…… 之后;before在……之前;until直到。根据语 境可知,此处麻雀还没开口,大臣就笑着走开 了,句意:这时,一位大臣从旁边走过,但麻雀 还没来得及问,他就笑着走开了。故选C。 11.B 考查副词。again再;almost几乎;already 已经;always总是。根据语境和前文可知,没 人愿意帮助麻雀,他几乎放弃希望了,句意:就 在小鸟几乎放弃希望的时候,国王骑着一头大 象上了桥。故选B。 12.C 考查动词短语。get on with和……相处; catch up with赶上;take notice of 注意;think highly of高度评价。根据语境可知,此处是国 王没注意到麻雀,句意:但是国王并没有注意 到他。故选C。 13.D 考查名词。meat肉;drink饮料;fruit水果; food食物。由生活常识可知,豆子是麻雀的食物, 句意:告诉国王去找那只可怜的鸟的食物,否则我 就钻进你的耳朵里咬你! 故选D。 14.A 考查形容词。scared害怕的;satisfied满 意的;excited激动的;bored无聊的。根据上 文“Go help that sparrow,or I wil throw you off.(去帮帮那只麻雀,否则我就把你扔了。)” 可知,大象威胁要把国王仍下去,所以国王很 害怕,句意:国王很害怕。故选A。 15.D 考查动词。regreted后悔;thought认为;wai- ted等待;searched搜寻。根据语境可知,农夫找 了一整天才找到豆子,句意:农夫找了一整天,当 太阳落山时,他终于找到了豆子。故选D。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ·411· 初高中衔接教材