专题01 动词时态必刷100题-备战2026年高考英语一轮复习零失误必刷题（高考真题+拔高创新创新模拟）

专题01 动词时态 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 目录 1. 高考真题练 2. 创新基础练 3. 难度拔高单句改错练 4. 高考模拟练 一 高考真题练 。 1.（2025年新高考II卷）“The players’ personalities are revealed during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____61____ (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” 2.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____ ____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 3.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ______ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. 4.（2024年浙江卷1月语法填空）Over the last two years, some supermarkets ________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 5.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）They ________（be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 6.（2024年北京卷） My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 7.（2023年新高考II卷）As a little girl, I 45 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 8.（2022年新高考II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. 9.（2022年新高考II卷）He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 10.（2022年全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 二 创新基础练 在设空处填写括号内单词的适当形式。 1．And it is a rite (仪式) that (represent) the independence of children who are above 18 years old.  2．Jasmine Flower is a popular Chinese song which (date) from the 18th century. 3．Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching (reward) with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. 4．When Wilson heated it, the container (explode), leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes. 5．Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently (emerge). 6．Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds (prove) skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. 7．You’d better not phone the manager between 7 and 8 tomorrow evening; he (have) an important meeting then. 8．Don’t call Mr. Wang at nine tomorrow. He (listen) to a lecture on the reform of the college entrance examination. 9．I’m sure that your letter (get) immediate attention. They know you are waiting for the reply. 10．The World Health Organization warns that millions of people (suffer) from indoor air pollution at the present time, which results from the use of dangerous fuels and cook­stoves at home. 11．In front of our house (stand) a tall tree with a history of over 1,000 years, which is protected by the government now. 12．Larry’s parents made up their mind that they (buy) a new house once their little daughter changed her job. 13．Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on what could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they (sow). 14．Marty (work) really hard on his book and thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. 15．While drone delivery is new to Beijing, the technology (exist) in other parts of China for several years. 16．Alice said to me that she (stay) in her hometown for two more days. 17．Quantities of food (be) sent to earthquakestricken areas after the quake broke out. 18．After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he (swing) his feet forward. 19．The course (comprise) a class book, a practice book and an audio tape. 20．But when Mum got home from work, I was still (complain), “Five pages! That’s impossible!” 三 难度拔高单句改错练 1．（2022年全国甲卷短文改错）I was unwilling to talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late. 2．（2022年全国乙卷短文改错）Whether you ride a bicycle, you don't use petrol. 3．（2022年全国乙卷短文改错）So you are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution. 4.Before getting into the car, I thought ... once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. 5．... When summer came, they will invite their students...! 6．It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. 7.My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. 8.As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not let me. 9. Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, but I have long been out of practice. 10. He would ask who we was and pretend not to know us. 四 高考模拟练 1．We are afraid that we cannot pass the exam to be held next week, because the teacher (criticise) us if we can’t pass it. 2．Today, I’m going to introduce to you a magazine that (feature) the art of living. 3．Among the 25 ethnic groups of Yunnan, the Yi people have a unique culture, which over thousands of years (develop) into colourful customs with distinctive features. 4．Although China (withdraw) from further expeditions after 1443, the land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries. 5．Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. 6．Hearing the news, she shut her eyes and (bite) her lip, with tears streaming down. 7．Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling that this little machine (take) up too much of my time, and that I could have done something more meaningful than just looking at a tiny screen all day. 8．In the 20th century, many species of birds （threaten）with extinction due to widespread hunting and habitat loss. 9．My classmates (practise) the English drama for days in order to perform well in the upcoming Cultural Festival. 10．The idea (strike) me suddenly while I was walking in the park. 11．The new policy, which (ensure) equal pay for equal work, has been widely praised. 12．According to a recent survey, the number of students experiencing academic burnout (account) for 30% of respondents. 13．They made up their mind that they （move）to a new house once Larry changed his job. 14．We had to be patient because it （be）some time before we got the full results. 15．She (tear) up the letter angrily and threw it into the dustbin just now. 16．The kid hurriedly (seek) to cover the toy which he broke to escape being punished. 17．When the team composed of five members eventually reached the destination, they almost (starve) to death. 18．The majority of the teachers at the newly established urban nursery   (special) in early childhood development. 19．Research has (confirm) that smoking is a major risk factor for many diseases. 20．The college, as one of the international exchange centers, (admit) more than 300 international students since 2016. 21．An old hand at photography, Tim (shoot) wildlife as a hobby for the last 13 years. 22．Every year our school (award) scholarships to the excellent students. 23．In order to hide his sadness, he talked and laughed as if nothing (happen). 24．The researchers (analyze) climate data from satellite images since January. 25．As the impact of human activities (continue) to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question. 26．Since my grandma retired, she (engage) in a lot of meaningful activities, such as gardening, writing, painting and baking bread. 27．That’s the third time he’s won the award in this field. He (explore) his maximum potential in the past decade. 28．The Titanic, a legendary ocean ship which (sink) in 1912 after hitting an iceberg, remains one of history’s most famous sea disasters. 29．Right now, the audience (clap) excitedly as the magician is pulling a rabbit from his hat. 30．By the time she retired, her decisions (lead) the company to success. 31．She (blood) heavily after giving birth, and the medical team had to take immediate measures to ensure her safety. 32．After peaking in 2019, the museum’s visitor numbers (decline) to pre-2015 levels by 2023, according to the annual report. 33．For the past few years, Wuzhen (host) the World Internet Conference, which makes life in this ancient town much more convenient than it has been. 34．Barbara is the only one of the students who (know) when the 34th Olympic Games will be held. 35．Before we (abandon) the ship, Mike calmly told us to rescue our essential supplies. 36．The number of students in our school (be) increasing year by year, which brings more challenges to teaching management. 37．The local communities (benefit) from tourism development in the past few years. 38．Simon often (refer) to his dictionary when he came across new words in reading. 39．The science teacher as well as her students (complete) three innovative experiments in the last six months. 40．Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was (come). 41．Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was (come). 42．While you watch the film The Jungle Book, you’ll feel that not only the animals but also the forest (look) so real. 43．The number of students in our school (increase) steadily in the past few years. 44．As we know, recent years (witness) great changes taking place in China, particularly in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai. 45．Parents (concern) that their children will waste the weekends. 46．She (employ) for three months since the company closed down but keeps applying for jobs every day. 47．A typical Chinese breakfast usually (consist) of soybeans, eggs, a bowl of porridge, meat and two kinds of fruit. 48．Nowadays there (exist) a fierce competition in job-hunting among college graduates. 49．It was said that another school was (build) in our hometown next month. 50．In 2011, words similar to those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette, who climbed Qomolangma in that year and (climb) other high mountains around the world. 51．Many (become) sick, due to the extreme cold and low air pressure, and a few would even lose their lives. 52．Last year, hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew (include) crowds, discomfort and danger. 53．It is said that this new kind of products (adopt) nanotechnology (纳米技术). 54．He was able to participate in the competition because a local business (sponsor) him. 55．Women were (scream) because some of the houses nearest the bridge were on fire. 56．A few students (hesitate) to start and waited to see what the rest of the class would do. 57．She likes drawing and often (draw) pictures for the wall newspapers. 58．I believe she will have a wonderful time here once she (get) to know everyone else. 59．Some of them carried flags, which (blow) in the wind. 60．Over the last decade, the government (sponsor) advertisements to educate the public on fighting AIDS, saving water, helping the poor, giving up smoking, etc. 61．A heated argument when someone questioned the project’s fairness. (arise) 62．They (press) for funds to complete the ambitious construction project, which was already behind schedule. 63．It is the second time he (join) in the discussion about how to solve the problem. 64．People (write) much about the wonders of the World Wide Web. 65．The number of tourists (rise) significantly since the new attractions opened last year. 66．Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest (disappear) due to human activities. 67．So far, the research team, as well as the funding agency, (make) significant progress in the project. 68．By the end of last month, the school (equip) all the laboratories with the latest scientific instruments. 69．Before us stretched the unending sand dunes that (mark) the beginning of the Sahara. 70．The school library (charge) students 1 yuan for printing, but this week it’s free. 71．It’s 37.2 cm wide, 16.5cm high and (weigh) about 100 grams, which is catching the world’s attention. 72．I (profit) greatly from the inspiring music course since I signed up for it. 73．Unexpected difficulties (arise) in the course of their experiment. 74．The boy narrowly (escape) being killed in the traffic accident that took place the other day. 75．Cursive(草书) (make) a comeback at present as states including New Hampshire, Utah and, most recently, California are embracing handwriting requirements in their educational standards. 76．By the time I graduated from high school, I (read) over 100 classic novels. 77．The company (tight) its budget to cut down on unnecessary expenses after the meeting held the other day. 78．The host introduced that the beautiful city, Lanzhou, (witness) millions of visitors over the past three years. 79．First, his two sledges (break) down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold. 80．Scientists (wrestle) with the location of genetic markers for decades, and still have a long way to go. 81．He (long) to attend college since he was a little boy. Now his dream has come true. 82．And it is a rite (仪式) that (represent) the independence of children who are above 18 years old.   83．In 1984, jianzi was recognized officially as a Chinese national sport, and that same year (see) the creation of the Hong Kong-based team, Amateur Union of Shuttlecock. 84．I (look) for my lost keys everywhere but still haven’t found them. 85．The novel written by the author sells best, but five years ago no one could have imagined how great a role he (play) in the literary world. 86．The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in number, (gather) around her before she even had a chance to take a bag of rice out of her handbag. 87．I (wander) along the pavement yesterday when some strangers came up and asked me the way to the police station. 88．He often to his childhood memories in his speeches.(refer) 89．The discussion (come) alive when an interesting topic was brought in. 90．After the reception, I dreamed, after the teachers and Mrs. Reed Winford had smacked their lips over Mama’s delicious meat balls, the girls (notice) me even more. 91．My mom (finish) cooking the dinner before I got home yesterday. 92．A brilliant idea (strike) him while he was reviewing his chemistry notes. 93．I am deeply impressed by the great changes that (take) place in the school over the past three years. 94．Now, especially amazing (be) the achievements that China has made in space exploration. 95．The company (mean) to launch a new product in the spring, but delays in production forced them to postpone. 96．The government   (announce) the setting up of several special funds by the end of last year. 97． The news reported that by the end of last year, the number of 5G base stations in China (increase) to over 3 million. 98．During the past decade, he （photograph）the city, and sharing these photos online and in exhibitions. 99．Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching (reward) with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. 100．We (reduce) emission of air pollutants in recent years, but cars are still major source of them. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 动词时态 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 目录 1. 高考真题练 2. 创新基础练 3. 难度拔高单句改错练 4. 高考模拟练 一 高考真题练 。 1.（2025年新高考II卷）“The players’ personalities are revealed during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____61____ (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” 【答案】tries 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。 2.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____ ____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 【答案】walks 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 3.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ______ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. 【答案】were 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 4.（2024年浙江卷1月语法填空）Over the last two years, some supermarkets ________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 【答案】have started 【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。 5.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）They ________（be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 【答案】were 【解析】考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 6.（2024年北京卷） My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 【答案】jogged 【解析】考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。 7.（2023年新高考II卷）As a little girl, I 45 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 【答案】wished。 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。 8.（2022年新高考II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. 【答案】was fixing 【解析】考查动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 9.（2022年新高考II卷）He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 【答案】 threw 【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。 10.（2022年全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 【答案】has walked 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。 二 创新基础练 在设空处填写括号内单词的适当形式。 1．And it is a rite (仪式) that (represent) the independence of children who are above 18 years old.  【答案】represents 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是一种代表18岁以上儿童独立的仪式。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，句子是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，that指代先行词rite，表示单数意义，谓语动词使用三单形式，故填represents。 2．Jasmine Flower is a popular Chinese song which (date) from the 18th century. 【答案】dates 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：《茉莉花》是一首受欢迎的中国歌曲，它可以追溯到 18 世纪。本空是which引导的定语从句的谓语，从句修饰先行词a popular Chinese song，date from表示“追溯到，始于”，这个短语通常没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态，且从句描述的是客观事实，所以此处应用一般现在时。关系代词which指代先行词a popular Chinese song，为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词 date要用第三人称单数形式dates。故填dates。 3．Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching (reward) with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. 【答案】are rewarded 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：然而，在拥有高质量教学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和更多入学率之前，不会有太大变化。根据句意可知，句子为时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来，schools和reward为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，schools是复数，be动词使用are。故填are rewarded。 4．When Wilson heated it, the container (explode), leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes. 【答案】exploded 【详解】考查时态。句意：当Wilson加热它时，容器爆炸了，导致Wilson双眼失明。本空为主句谓语，由heated可知，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用explode“爆炸”的过去式exploded。故填exploded。 5．Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently (emerge). 【答案】emerged 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：最近，改善大学教学水平的努力已经出现。空处和have构成句子的谓语，结合时间状语“recently”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作持续到现在，因此用emerge“出现”的过去分词形式。故填emerged。 6．Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds (prove) skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. 【答案】have proved 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：虽然在野外尚未发现这些鸟会使用工具，但把它们关在笼子里时，已证明它们很擅长使用工具。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据句意，句子描述的是鸟类到目前为止所呈现出的情况，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果或影响，应用现在完成时，句子的主语the birds是复数形式，助动词用have。故填have proved。 7．You’d better not phone the manager between 7 and 8 tomorrow evening; he (have) an important meeting then. 【答案】will be having 【详解】考查时态。句意：明天晚上7点到8点之间你最好不要给经理打电话；那时他将有一个重要的会议。根据between 7 and 8 tomorrow evening可知，此处是指未来具体时刻正在发生的事情，故用将来进行时will be doing，故填will be having。 8．Don’t call Mr. Wang at nine tomorrow. He (listen) to a lecture on the reform of the college entrance examination. 【答案】will be listening 【详解】考查时态。句意：明天九点不要给王先生打电话。他将听一场关于高考改革的讲座。根据句意和时间状语at nine tomorrow可知，此处应用将来进行时，表示将来某段时间正在进行的动作。故填will be listening。 9．I’m sure that your letter ____ (get) immediate attention. They know you are waiting for the reply. 【答案】will get 【详解】考查时态。句意：我相信你的信会立即得到重视。他们知道你在等回信。根据“immediate attention. They know you are waiting for the reply”可知，get“得到”这一动作发生在将来，that引导的宾语从句时态用一般将来时。故填will get。 10．The World Health Organization warns that millions of people (suffer) from indoor air pollution at the present time, which results from the use of dangerous fuels and cook­stoves at home. 【答案】are suffering 【详解】考查时态。句意：世界卫生组织警告说，目前有数百万人遭受室内空气污染，这是由于在家里使用危险燃料和炉灶造成的。根据时间状语“at the present time”此句描述的事情正在发生，谓语动词应该使用现在进行时，主语millions of people为复数意义，故填are suffering。 11．In front of our house (stand) a tall tree with a history of over 1,000 years, which is protected by the government now. 【答案】stands 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在我们的房子前面有一棵大树，有一千多年的历史，现在受到政府的保护。该句为完全倒装句，主语是“a tall tree”，空处为谓语动词，该句表示客观事实，故用一般现在时；stand为动词，表示“站立、位于”，应用单数形式。故填stands。 12．Larry’s parents made up their mind that they (buy) a new house once their little daughter changed her job. 【答案】would buy 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：拉里的父母下定决心，一旦小女儿换了工作，他们就买一所新房子。空处为从句谓语动词，根据句意可知，此处表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作，应使用过去将来时。故填would buy。 13．Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on what could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they (sow). 【答案】had sown 【详解】考查时态。句意：几千年来，他们开始减少对可以从野外狩猎或采集的东西的依赖，更多地依靠他们饲养的动物和播种的作物。sow为定语从句谓语动词，结合and前定语从句animals they had raised的谓语had raised可知，此处表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had sown。 14．Marty (work) really hard on his book and thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. 【答案】has been working 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：马蒂一直在努力写他的书，他认为他会在星期五之前完成。此处应为谓语动词，根据句意以及下文中的“he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.”可知，Marty应该是在过去开始写书，一直写到现在，并将在星期五完成，所以此处使用现在完成进行时，且与句子主语Marty之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填has been working。 15．While drone delivery is new to Beijing, the technology (exist) in other parts of China for several years. 【答案】has existed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：尽管无人机送货对北京来说是新鲜事物，但这项技术在中国其他地区已经存在了好几年。根据时间状语for several years可知，用现在完成时，主语为the technology，助动词用has。故填has existed。 16．Alice said to me that she (stay) in her hometown for two more days. 【答案】would stay 【详解】考查时态。句意：爱丽丝告诉我她将在家乡再待两天。根据主句时态可知，用过去时态。再根据从句时间状语for two more days可知，用过去将来时。根据句意，故填would stay。 17．Quantities of food (be) sent to earthquakestricken areas after the quake broke out. 【答案】were 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：地震发生后，大量的食物被送到了地震灾区。根据“after the quake broke out”可知句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语Quantities of food表示复数意义，用助动词were和sent构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填were。 18．After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he (swing) his feet forward. 【答案】swung 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在确保大卫想跑就能跑之后，我转身发现他正朝我走来，他向前摆动双脚时，小小的身体左右摇晃着。本空为as引导的时间状语从句的谓语，根据turned可知，从句描述过去发生的事情。时态应用一般过去时，谓语用swing“摇晃”的过去式swung。故填swung。 19．The course (comprise) a class book, a practice book and an audio tape. 【答案】comprises 【详解】考查动词。句意：该课程包括一本教材、一本练习册和一盘录音带。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时，主语course为第三人称单数，谓语用单数形式。故填comprises。 20．But when Mum got home from work, I was still (complain), “Five pages! That’s impossible!” 【答案】complaining 【详解】考查时态。句意：但当妈妈下班回家时，我还在抱怨，“五页！这不可能！”句子描述过去某个时间点（妈妈下班回家时）正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时（was/were doing），complain用现在分词形式。故填complaining。 三 难度拔高单句改错练 1．（2022年全国甲卷短文改错）I was unwilling to talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late. 【答案】stay→staying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我不愿和他说话，还常常违反他的规定，和朋友们在外面待得很晚。of为介词，后面的动词stay用动名词形式staying作宾语。故将stay改为staying。 2．（2022年全国乙卷短文改错）Whether you ride a bicycle, you don't use petrol. 【答案】Whether → If 或Whether → When 【详解】考查状语从句连接词。句意：当（如果）你骑自行车的时候，你是不用汽油的。由句意可知，本句为if或者when引导的是条件和时间状语从句，需用if或when引导；位于句首，注意首字母大写。故将Whether改为If或改为When。 3．（2022年全国乙卷短文改错）So you are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution. 【答案】 cause → causing 【详解】考查时态。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。本句时态为现在进行时，连词and连接两个并列的现在分词。故将cause改为causing。 4.1．Before getting into the car, I thought ... once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. 【答案】goes→went 【详解】考查时态。句意：在上车之前，我以为……一旦我启动了汽车，我的大脑就一片空白。我完全忘记了他对我说的话。根据前文中的started可知时态为一般过去时。故将goes改为went。 5．... When summer came, they will invite their students...! 【答案】came→comes 【详解】考查时态。句意：当夏天到来的时候，他们会邀请他们的学生……！结合will invite以及句意可知，When从句应用一般现在时表示将来，主语为summer，谓语动词应用单数。故将came改为comes。 6．It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. 【答案】had →have 【详解】考查时态。句意：用餐时间总是挤满了顾客。有些人甚至不得不等在外面。结合上文“is always crowded”可知，此处描述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时。故将had改为have。 7.My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. 【答案】sell→selling 【详解】考查动名词。句意：去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。介词by后用动名词作宾语。故将sell改成selling。 8.As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not let me. 【答案】watching→watch； 【详解】动词不定式“to do”的结构在句中作目的状语，所以将watching改成watch。 9. Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, but I have long been out of practice. 【答案】start→started； 【详解】考查动词时态和连词。句意：事实上，我七岁时就开始学功夫了，但我早就不练习了。此处动词start讲述的是7岁的时候，动词应该用过去时。故将start改为started。 10. He would ask who we was and pretend not to know us. 【答案】 was→ were； 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：他会问我们是谁，假装不认识我们。主语是we，为复数，be动词应用were；陈述过去的真实情况，故将was改成were。 四 高考模拟练 1．We are afraid that we cannot pass the exam to be held next week, because the teacher (criticise) us if we can’t pass it. 【答案】will criticise 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们担心我们不能通过下周举行的考试，因为如果我们不能通过，老师会批评我们的。空处作谓语，结合“to be held next week”可知，criticise“批评”发生在将来，应用一般将来时。故填will criticise。 2．Today, I’m going to introduce to you a magazine that (feature) the art of living. 【答案】features 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：今天，我要给大家介绍一本以生活艺术为特色的杂志。feature在此处作动词，意为“以……为特色”，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，that指代的先行词a magazine是单数，因此需用第三人称单数features。故填features。 3．Among the 25 ethnic groups of Yunnan, the Yi people have a unique culture, which over thousands of years (develop) into colourful customs with distinctive features. 【答案】has developed 【详解】考查时态。句意：在云南的25个民族中，彝族有着独特的文化，经过数千年的发展，形成了具有鲜明特色的丰富多彩的风俗习惯。develop“发展”。本空作定语从句的谓语，根据时间状语over thousands of years可知，此处描述从过去到现在持续进行的动作，时态应用现在完成时，主语culture为不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has developed。 4．Although China (withdraw) from further expeditions after 1443, the land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries. 【答案】withdrew 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：尽管中国在1443年后退出了进一步的探险，但几个世纪以来，这些陆地和海上路线一直是其他文化之间的活跃通道。分析句子可知，此处为although引导的让步状语从句中的谓语动词，时间状语为after 1443，句子用一般过去时。故填withdrew。 5．Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. 【答案】has proven/has proved 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：林肯位于伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的故居自向公众开放以来，一直吸引着络绎不绝的游客。空处应填谓语动词，由时间状语since it opened to the public可知应用现在完成时，由句意及空后的形容词irresistible可知此处的prove为系动词，意为“证明是；结果是”，系动词无被动语态，主语为Lincoln’s home，所以应填has proven/proved，故填has proven/proved。 6．Hearing the news, she shut her eyes and (bite) her lip, with tears streaming down. 【答案】bit 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：听到这个消息，她闭上眼睛，咬着嘴唇，眼泪夺眶而出。设空处为谓语，根据shut可知，句子时态为一般过去时，bite的过去式为bit，故填bit。 7．Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling that this little machine (take) up too much of my time, and that I could have done something more meaningful than just looking at a tiny screen all day. 【答案】had taken 【详解】考查时态。句意：有时我会有一种不安的感觉，觉得这台小机器占用了我太多时间，而且我本可以做一些比整天盯着小屏幕更有意义的事。根据句意和前文I had可知，take up 发生在had之前，用过去完成时。故填had taken。 8．In the 20th century, many species of birds （threaten）with extinction due to widespread hunting and habitat loss. 【答案】were threatened 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：在20世纪，由于大规模捕猎和栖息地丧失，许多鸟类物种面临灭绝的威胁。“In the 20th century”表明是过去的时间，句子描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。“many species of birds”和“threaten”之间为被动关系，即鸟类物种是被威胁的，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语为复数，be动词用were，并使用threaten的过去分词形式。故填were threatened。 9．My classmates (practise) the English drama for days in order to perform well in the upcoming Cultural Festival. 【答案】have been practising 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：为了在即将到来的文化节上表现出色，我的同学们已经练习了好几天的英语剧了。根据“for days”和句意可知，此处表示动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在，且可能持续下去，使用现在完成进行时，主语classmates表示复数意义，助动词使用have。故填have been practising。 10．The idea (strike) me suddenly while I was walking in the park. 【答案】struck 【详解】考查时态。句意：我是在公园散步的时候突然有了这个想法的。结合语境可知，动作发生在过去用一般过去时。故填struck。 11．The new policy, which (ensure) equal pay for equal work, has been widely praised. 【答案】ensures 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这项确保同工同酬的新政策受到了广泛赞扬。空处作which引导的非限制性定语从句的谓语，根据主句时态可知，从句用一般现在时，表示客观事实，主语which指代The new policy，是单数，所以ensure用第三人称单数形式。故填ensures。 12．According to a recent survey, the number of students experiencing academic burnout (account) for 30% of respondents. 【答案】accounts 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：根据最近的一项调查，经历学业倦怠的学生人数占受访者的30%。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。“the number of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。故填accounts。 13．They made up their mind that they （move）to a new house once Larry changed his job. 【答案】were going to move 【解析】略 14．We had to be patient because it （be）some time before we got the full results. 【答案】would be 【解析】略 15．She (tear) up the letter angrily and threw it into the dustbin just now. 【答案】tore 【详解】考查动词。句意：她刚才生气地把信撕了，扔进了垃圾箱。根据句中的threw可知，句子时态为一般过去时。故填tore。 16．The kid hurriedly (seek) to cover the toy which he broke to escape being punished. 【答案】sought 【详解】考查时态。句意：那个孩子急忙试图藏起他弄坏的玩具，以免被惩罚。分析句子可知，此空考查谓语动词，主语The kid与seek为主动关系，且由后文he broke to escape being punished可知，这里时态也用应一般过去时。故填sought。 17．When the team composed of five members eventually reached the destination, they almost (starve) to death. 【答案】starved 【详解】考查时态。句意：当这个由五人组成的队伍最终到达目的地时，他们几乎饿死了。由reached可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填starved。 18．The majority of the teachers at the newly established urban nursery   (special) in early childhood development. 【答案】specialized/specialised 【详解】考查动词。句意：这家新成立的城市托儿所的大多数教师都专攻幼儿发展领域。空处作谓语，specialize或specialise，表“专门从事”，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填specialized或specialised。 19．Research has (confirm) that smoking is a major risk factor for many diseases. 【答案】confirmed 【详解】考查时态。句意：研究证实，吸烟是许多疾病的一个主要危险因素。根据句意和空格前的has可知，空格处应该用过去分词confirmed，构成现在完成时。故填confirmed。 20．The college, as one of the international exchange centers, (admit) more than 300 international students since 2016. 【答案】has admitted 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这所大学作为国际交流中心之一，自2016年以来已经接收了300多名国际学生。空处需用谓语动词；由时间状语since 2016可知，需用现在完成时态，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，主语是The college，为单数，所以助动词需用has。故填has admitted。 21．An old hand at photography, Tim (shoot) wildlife as a hobby for the last 13 years. 【答案】has been shooting 【详解】考查时态。句意：作为摄影界的老手，Tim在过去的13年里一直将拍摄野生动物作为爱好。shoot“拍摄”。本空作谓语，根据时间状语“for the last 13 years”可知，句子描述从过去开始一直持续到现在，并将继续持续下去的动作，时态应用现在完成进行时，主语Tim是第三人称单数，助动词应用has。故填has been shooting。 22．Every year our school (award) scholarships to the excellent students. 【答案】awards 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：每年我们学校都会给优秀学生颁发奖学金。此处为动词作谓语，根据时间状语“Every year”可知，句子描述习惯性动作，应用一般现在时；主语“our school”为单数，谓语动词award应用第三人称单数形式。故填awards。 23．In order to hide his sadness, he talked and laughed as if nothing (happen). 【答案】had happened 【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：为了掩饰自己的悲伤，他谈笑风生，好像什么都没发生过。由talked and laughed可知，as if引导的从句表示与过去相反的事实，时态用过去完成时，因此空格处是had happened。故填had happened。 24．The researchers (analyze) climate data from satellite images since January. 【答案】have been analyzing 【详解】考查时态。句意：自从一月，研究者就一直在分析卫星图像的气候数据。此处作谓语动词，主语为The researchers，为复数，且根据时间状语since January可知，此处应用现在完成时，且此处意为“一直在分析”，故应用现在完成进行时，故填have been analyzing。 25．As the impact of human activities (continue) to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question. 【答案】continues 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：随着人类活动的影响持续增长，濒临灭绝的物种名单越来越长，我们面临着一个问题。空处作从句谓语，应填动词，结合句意可知，句子描述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语the impact of human activities为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填continues。 26．Since my grandma retired, she (engage) in a lot of meaningful activities, such as gardening, writing, painting and baking bread. 【答案】has engaged 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从我奶奶退休以来，她从事了很多有意义的活动，比如园艺、写作、绘画和烤面包。根据上文“Since my grandma retired”可知，主句为现在完成时，助动词使用has。故填has engaged。 27．That’s the third time he’s won the award in this field. He (explore) his maximum potential in the past decade. 【答案】has been exploring 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：那是他第三次在这个领域获奖了。在过去的十年里，他一直在挖掘自己的最大潜力。根据句意和时间状语 in the past decade可知，该句强调从过去持续到现在的动作，并且这个动作可能还会继续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时，现在完成进行时的结构是“have/has been + 现在分词”，主语He是第三人称单数，助动词用has，explore的现在分词是exploring。故填has been exploring。 28．The Titanic, a legendary ocean ship which (sink) in 1912 after hitting an iceberg, remains one of history’s most famous sea disasters. 【答案】sank 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：泰坦尼克号，一艘传奇的远洋轮船，在1912年撞上冰山后沉没，它仍然是历史上最著名的海难之一。空处作which引导的定语从句的谓语，根据时间状语“in 1912”可知，此处为一般过去时。故填sank。 29．Right now, the audience (clap) excitedly as the magician is pulling a rabbit from his hat. 【答案】are clapping 【详解】考查现在进行时和主谓一致。句意：现在，当魔术师从帽子里拿出一只兔子时，观众们兴奋地鼓掌。根据“Right now”和时间状语从句“as the magician is pulling a rabbit from his hat”可知，此处描述正在发生的事情，使用现在进行时，主语audience表示复数意义，be动词使用are，故填are clapping。 30．By the time she retired, her decisions (lead) the company to success. 【答案】had led 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到她退休的时候，她的决策已经带领公司走向了成功。本空为主句谓语，根据时间状语By the time she retired可知，主句的动作lead“带领”发生在从句动作retired之前，即“过去的过去”，主句时态要用过去完成时。故填had led。 31．She (blood) heavily after giving birth, and the medical team had to take immediate measures to ensure her safety. 【答案】bled 【详解】考查时态。句意：她在分娩后大出血，医疗队不得不立即采取措施确保她的安全。空格处用动词作谓语，blood的动词是bleed，意为“流血”，由had可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式bled，故填bled。 32．After peaking in 2019, the museum’s visitor numbers (decline) to pre-2015 levels by 2023, according to the annual report. 【答案】had declined 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：根据年度报告，在2019年达到顶峰后，到2023年，博物馆的游客人数已经下降到2015年之前的水平。decline作本句谓语，根据时间状语by 2023可知，描述是过去的过去发生的事，用过去完成时。故填had declined。 33．For the past few years, Wuzhen (host) the World Internet Conference, which makes life in this ancient town much more convenient than it has been. 【答案】has hosted 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，乌镇主办了世界互联网大会，这使得这个古镇的生活比以前方便多了。根据时间状语For the past few years可知，此处用现在完成时态，主语是Wuzhen，第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has hosted。 34．Barbara is the only one of the students who (know) when the 34th Olympic Games will be held. 【答案】knows 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：芭芭拉是学生中唯一知道第34届奥运会何时举行的人。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据上文is可知为一般现在时，且先行词为the only one of the students，从句谓语用三单形式。故填knows。 35．Before we (abandon) the ship, Mike calmly told us to rescue our essential supplies. 【答案】abandoned 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在我们弃船之前，迈克镇定地告诉我们要抢救必需的物资。空处作从句谓语，结合下文“told”可知，使用一般过去时。故填abandoned。 36．The number of students in our school (be) increasing year by year, which brings more challenges to teaching management. 【答案】is 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我校学生人数逐年增加，这给教学管理带来了更多的挑战。“the number of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，表示“……的数量”。本句描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故填is。 37．The local communities (benefit) from tourism development in the past few years. 【答案】have benefited 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：过去几年，当地社区从旅游业的发展中受益。由in the past few years可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语The local communities是复数，因此空格处是have benefited。故填have benefited。 38．Simon often (refer) to his dictionary when he came across new words in reading. 【答案】referred 【详解】考查形容词。句意：西蒙在阅读中遇到生词时经常查字典。根据句中时态可知，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填referred。 39．The science teacher as well as her students (complete) three innovative experiments in the last six months. 【答案】has completed 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这位科学老师和她的学生在过去的六个月里完成了三个创新实验。根据后文in the last six months可知为现在完成时，as well as 连接主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于之前的主语，本句与The science teacher保持一致，助动词用has。故填has completed。 40．Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was (come). 【答案】to come 【详解】考查时态。句意：它那灰蒙蒙的岩石，时而黑暗，时而明亮，讲述着过去火山喷发的故事，这可能曾警告过这座城市即将发生什么。what引导名词性从句，在从句中充当主语，空格处应填谓语动词，结合前面的谓语told以及might have warned 可知，空格处应填过去将来时，且主语为what。故填to come。 41．Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was (come). 【答案】to come 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：它灰白色的岩石，时而深时而浅，讲述了一个过去火山爆发的故事，那也许是在警告这座城市即将发生的事情。根据从句中was可知，从句应用过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将要或将来发生的事，应用be to do结构，所以空处应用to come。故填to come。 42．While you watch the film The Jungle Book, you’ll feel that not only the animals but also the forest _________ (look) so real. 【答案】looks 【详解】考查时态、主谓一致。句意：当你观看电影《奇幻森林》时，你会觉得不仅动物，而且森林看起来都很真实。因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时。“not only...but also...”连接两个并列主语the animals 和the forest，根据主谓一致的就近原则，谓语动词应与离它较近的主语the forest保持一致，the forest是单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式looks。故填looks。 43．The number of students in our school (increase) steadily in the past few years. 【答案】has increased/has been increasing 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，我们学校的学生人数稳步增长。根据后文in the past few years此处可理解为过去发生的动作持续到现在，用现在完成时；或理解为过去发生的动作持续到现在，不间断进行，用现在完成进行时；主语为The number of +复数名词，谓语单数形式，助动词用has。故填has increased/has been increasing。 44．As we know, recent years (witness) great changes taking place in China, particularly in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai. 【答案】have witnessed 【详解】考查时态。句意：正如我们所知，近年来中国发生了巨大的变化，尤其是在北京、天津和上海。根据时间状语in recent years可知句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时。主语recent years是复数，所以用have witnessed，表示从过去到现在的一段时间里已经发生的动作或存在的状态。故填have witnessed。 45．Parents (concern) that their children will waste the weekends. 【答案】are concerned 【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。句意：家长们担心他们的孩子会浪费周末。“be concerned that ...” 是固定短语，意为“担心……”；句子描述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时，主语“Parents”是复数，所以be动词应用are。故填are concerned。 46．She (employ) for three months since the company closed down but keeps applying for jobs every day. 【答案】has been unemployed 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自从公司倒闭以来，她已经失业三个月了，但她每天都在申请工作。由“since the company closed down”可知，句子表示“自从公司倒闭以来，她已经失业三个月了”，由since可知，句子时态用现在完成时，此处应用表示状态的形容词“失业的” unemployed，主语she是单数，因此空格处是has been unemployed。故填has been unemployed。 47．A typical Chinese breakfast usually (consist) of soybeans, eggs, a bowl of porridge, meat and two kinds of fruit. 【答案】consists 【详解】考查时态。句意：一顿典型的中国早餐通常包括大豆、鸡蛋、一碗粥、肉和两种水果。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据usually可知，句子陈述一般事实，所以应该使用一般现在时。又因为主语为“A typical Chinese breakfast”，所以动词consist应该使用第三人称单数形式。故填consists。 48．Nowadays there (exist) a fierce competition in job-hunting among college graduates. 【答案】exists 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，大学毕业生之间的求职竞争非常激烈。此句是一个存在句，根据句中时间状语Nowadays可知，用一般现在时。主语是a fierce competition，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填exists 49．It was said that another school was (build) in our hometown next month. 【答案】to be built 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：据说下个月我们家乡将再建一所学校。根据was said和next month可知，这里表示过去看来将要发生的事情，表示安排、计划，应用was/were to do...的形式。another school和build之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。空前有was，空处应用不定式的被动式。故填to be built。 50．In 2011, words similar to those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette, who climbed Qomolangma in that year and (climb) other high mountains around the world. 【答案】was going to climb 【详解】考查时态。句意：2011年，美国登山者Alan Arnette说了与Mallory类似的话，他当年攀登了珠穆朗玛峰，并将攀登世界各地的其他高山。这里表示在过去看来他将攀登世界各地的其他高山，表示计划、打算，应用was/were going to do...。主语who指代Alan Arnette，be动词应用was。故填was going to climb。 51．Many (become) sick, due to the extreme cold and low air pressure, and a few would even lose their lives. 【答案】would become 【详解】考查时态。句意：由于极度寒冷和低气压，许多人会生病，少数人甚至会失去生命。根据would lose可知，句子表示过去看来将要发生的事情，应用过去将来时，即would do的形式。故填would become。 52．Last year, hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew (include) crowds, discomfort and danger. 【答案】would include 【详解】考查时态。句意：去年，数百人花了很多钱在他们知道会包括拥挤、不适和危险的体验上。空处为从句的谓语，根据时间状语Last year并结合句意“会包括”可知，强调在过去的某个时间点（去年人们花钱的时候），他们知道这个经历将会包含拥挤、不适和危险，故从句使用过去将来时，即“would+动词原形”。故填would include。 53．It is said that this new kind of products (adopt) nanotechnology (纳米技术). 【答案】has adopted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：据说这种新产品采用了纳米技术。空处应填谓语动词，由句意及空前的It is said that this new kind of products可知此处应用现在完成时，表示对现在造成的影响或结果，主语中心词kind是名词单数，助动词使用has，故填has adopted。 54．He was able to participate in the competition because a local business (sponsor) him. 【答案】sponsored 【详解】考查时态。句意：他能够参加比赛是因为当地一家企业赞助了他。此处为because引导的原因状语从句的谓语，根据主句中的was可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语用sponsor“赞助”的过去式sponsored。故填sponsored。 55．Women were (scream) because some of the houses nearest the bridge were on fire. 【答案】screaming 【详解】考查时态。句意：妇女们在尖叫，因为离桥最近的一些房子着火了。此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，句子时态是过去进行时，由were可知，空格处是screaming。故填screaming。 56．A few students (hesitate) to start and waited to see what the rest of the class would do. 【答案】hesitated 【详解】考查时态。句意：有几个学生犹豫着要不要开始，等着看其他同学会怎么做。and前后时态一致，由waited是过去式可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填hesitated。 57．She likes drawing and often (draw) pictures for the wall newspapers. 【答案】draws 【详解】考查一般现在时。句意：她喜欢画画，经常为墙报画插图。draw是动词，在句子里，它和likes一起充当谓语，由and连接。根据likes的时态，draw也应该使用一般现在时，并且变成三单形式。故答案是draws。 58．I believe she will have a wonderful time here once she (get) to know everyone else. 【答案】gets 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我相信，一旦她认识了其他所有人，她在这里会过得很愉快。once引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语为she，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填gets。 59．Some of them carried flags, which (blow) in the wind. 【答案】blew 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他们中的一些人举着旗帜，旗帜在风中飘扬。空处在which引导的非限制性定语从句中作谓语，根据句中carried可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填blew。 60．Over the last decade, the government (sponsor) advertisements to educate the public on fighting AIDS, saving water, helping the poor, giving up smoking, etc. 【答案】has sponsored 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的十年里，政府一直在赞助广告，以教育公众对抗艾滋病、节约用水、帮助穷人、戒烟等。根据时间状语Over the last decade可知，sponsor“赞助”这一动作从过去持续到现在，所以时态要用现在完成时，主语the government是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has sponsored。 61．A heated argument when someone questioned the project’s fairness. (arise) 【答案】arose 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当有人质疑该项目的公平性时，一场激烈的争论爆发了。arise意为“出现，发生”，作主句谓语动词，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，时态应使用一般过去时，谓语用arise的过去式arose。故填arose。 62．They (press) for funds to complete the ambitious construction project, which was already behind schedule. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】were pressing 【详解】考查时态。句意：他们迫切需要资金来完成这个雄心勃勃的建设项目，该项目已经落后于计划。陈述过去进行时的动作，为过去进行时。故填were pressing。 63．It is the second time he (join) in the discussion about how to solve the problem. 【答案】has joined 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这是他第二次参加关于如何解决这个问题的讨论。固定句型It is the first/second/third… time (that) sb. has/have done sth.意为“这是某人第一次/第二次/第三次……做某事”，从句需用现在完成时，且主语为he，助动词应用has。故填has joined。 64．People (write) much about the wonders of the World Wide Web. 【答案】have written 【详解】考查时态。句意：人们已经写了很多关于万维网的奇妙之处的内容。空处为句子的谓语动词。该句话使用现在完成时态，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，即人们已经写了很多关于万维网的文章。主语people是复数，所以助动词用have。故填have written。 65．The number of tourists (rise) significantly since the new attractions opened last year. 【答案】has risen 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自去年新景点开放以来，游客数量显著增加。时间状语 since the new attractions opened last year表明动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时，主语The number of tourists为单数，助动词用has。故填has risen。 66．Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest (disappear) due to human activities. 【答案】has disappeared 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的50年里，由于人类活动，大约17%的雨林消失了。根据时间状语Over the past 50 years可知，用现在完成时。rainforest 是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has disappeared。 67．So far, the research team, as well as the funding agency, (make) significant progress in the project. 【答案】has made 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，研究小组和资助机构在这个项目上取得了重大进展。根据时间状语so far可知，make significant progress“取得重大进展”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语为the research team, as well as the funding agency，谓语动词的单复数形式应与as well as前面的名词the research team保持一致，the research team为第三人称单数，故助动词用has，故填has made。 68．By the end of last month, the school (equip) all the laboratories with the latest scientific instruments. 【答案】had equipped 【详解】考查动词时态。 句意：到上个月末，学校已经为所有实验室配备了最新的科学仪器。时间状语by the end of last month表示“截止到上个月末”，强调过去某个时间点之前完成的动作，需用过去完成时（had + 过去分词）。故填had equipped。 69．Before us stretched the unending sand dunes that (mark) the beginning of the Sahara. 【答案】marked 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：在我们面前延伸着无尽的沙丘，它们标志着撒哈拉沙漠的开始。that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词sand dunes，先行词在从句中作主语，空处为谓语动词，主句用一般过去时，故从句也应用一般过去时，空处应用mark的过去式形式marked。故填marked。 70．The school library (charge) students 1 yuan for printing, but this week it’s free. 【答案】charges 【详解】考查时态。句意：学校图书馆向学生收取1元的印刷费，但本周是免费的。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为The school library，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填charges。 71．It’s 37.2 cm wide, 16.5cm high and (weigh) about 100 grams, which is catching the world’s attention. 【答案】weighs 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它宽37.2厘米，高16.5厘米，重约100克，吸引了全世界的目光。根据空格前的连词and可知，空格处是并列的谓语动词，句子描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语是it，谓语动词用三单形式。故填weighs。 72．I (profit) greatly from the inspiring music course since I signed up for it. 【答案】have profited 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：自从我报名参加这门鼓舞人心的音乐课程以来，我受益匪浅。此处为谓语动词，根据since I signed up for it可知，主句使用现在完成时，主语是I，助动词使用have。故填have profited。 73．Unexpected difficulties (arise) in the course of their experiment. 【答案】 arose 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：在他们的实验过程中，意外出现了困难。句子描述的是过去发生的动作，因此用一般过去时。所给动词arise的过去式为 arose。故填 arose。 74．The boy narrowly (escape) being killed in the traffic accident that took place the other day. 【答案】escaped 【详解】考查时态。句意：那男孩在前几天发生的交通事故中险些丧命。根据后文从句谓语took可知，事情已发生，主句谓语动词escape为一般过去时。故填escaped。 75．Cursive(草书) (make) a comeback at present as states including New Hampshire, Utah and, most recently, California are embracing handwriting requirements in their educational standards. 【答案】is making 【详解】考查时态。句意：目前，草书正在复兴，因为包括新罕布什尔州、犹他州以及最近的加利福尼亚州在内的多个州，正在将手写要求纳入其教育标准。根据时间状语at present，可知句子描述的是当前正在发生的趋势，需要使用现在进行时。主语Cursive是单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填is making。 76．By the time I graduated from high school, I (read) over 100 classic novels. 【答案】had read 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到我高中毕业的时候，我已经读了100多本经典小说。read“读”。本空在句中作谓语，根据时间状语By the time I graduated from high school可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成时，谓语用had read。故填had read。 77．The company (tight) its budget to cut down on unnecessary expenses after the meeting held the other day. 【答案】tightened 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在前几天举行的会议之后，公司收紧了预算以削减不必要的开支。本空在句中作谓语，tight是形容词，其动词形式为tighten，意为“收紧，使变紧”，根据句意及时间状语after the meeting held the other day可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，所以本空应填tighten的过去式tightened。故填tightened。 78．The host introduced that the beautiful city, Lanzhou, (witness) millions of visitors over the past three years. 【答案】had witnessed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：主持人介绍说，在过去的三年里，美丽的兰州见证了数百万的游客。空处作谓语，witness发生在introduced之前，表示“过去的过去”，使用过去完成时。故填had witnessed。 79．First, his two sledges (break) down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold. 【答案】broke 【详解】考查时态。句意：首先，他的两辆雪橇坏了，然后马开始在雪和寒冷中遇到严重的困难。此处作谓语动词，主语为his two sledges，break down为不及物动词作谓语动词，且根据后文的began可知，此处应用过去时，故填broke。 80．Scientists (wrestle) with the location of genetic markers for decades, and still have a long way to go. 【答案】have been wrestling 【详解】考查时态。句意：几十年来，科学家们一直在努力寻找遗传标记的位置，还有很长的路要走。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，主语Scientists与wrestle为主动关系，for decades表明这个动作从过去开始，持续到现在，并且可能还会继续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时，现在完成进行时的结构是“have/has been + 现在分词”，主语Scientists是复数，助动词用have。故填 have been wrestling。 81．He (long) to attend college since he was a little boy. Now his dream has come true. 【答案】has been longing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从他还是个小男孩的时候，他就渴望上大学。现在他的梦想实现了。根据句意以及时间状语从句since he was a little boy可知，此处为现在完成进行时，表示从过去一直持续到现在，刚刚结束的动作，主语为第三人称单数，所以主句谓语动词为has been longing。故填has been longing。 82．And it is a rite (仪式) that (represent) the independence of children who are above 18 years old.   【答案】represents 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是一种代表18岁以上儿童独立的仪式。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，句子是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，that指代先行词rite，表示单数意义，谓语动词使用三单形式，故填represents。 83．In 1984, jianzi was recognized officially as a Chinese national sport, and that same year (see) the creation of the Hong Kong-based team, Amateur Union of Shuttlecock. 【答案】saw 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：1984年，毽子正式被认定为中国国家体育项目，同年，香港业余毽球总会宣告成立。空格处是谓语动词，根据上文的时间状语in 1984和主语that same year可知，句子描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填saw。 84．I (look) for my lost keys everywhere but still haven’t found them. 【答案】have been looking 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我一直在到处寻找我丢失的钥匙，但仍然没有找到它们。look for(寻找)是谓语动词，根据“but still haven’t found them”可知，寻找钥匙这个动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在，并且还会继续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时，主语是I，助动词用have。故填have been looking。 85．The novel written by the author sells best, but five years ago no one could have imagined how great a role he (play) in the literary world. 【答案】was to play 【详解】考查时态。句意：这位作家写的小说最畅销，但五年前，没人能想象到他在文学界会起到多么重要的作用。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词。根据five years ago可知，这里表示在五年前（过去的时间）人们无法想象从那个时候往后他将会在文学界所起的作用，即从过去看将来要发生的动作，所以应该用过去将来时。可用“was/were to do”的结构。主语为he。故填was to play。 86．The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in number, (gather) around her before she even had a chance to take a bag of rice out of her handbag. 【答案】would gather 【详解】考查时态。句意：通常数量在 10 到 15 只左右的鸟儿，总会在她还没来得及从手提包里拿出一袋大米时就聚集到她身边。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据“before she even had a chance to take a bag of rice out of her handbag”可知，句子描述的是过去经常发生的一种情况，每当她准备从手提包里拿出大米时，鸟儿们总会聚集到她身边，这种情况是反复出现的。所以用“would do”的结构，表示过去常常做某事，强调过去的习惯或规律性。故填would gather。 87．I (wander) along the pavement yesterday when some strangers came up and asked me the way to the police station. 【答案】was wandering 【详解】考查时态。句意：昨天我正在人行道上闲逛，几个陌生人走过来问我去警察局的路怎么走。此处为句型sb. was/were doing sth. when...，表示“正在做某事，这时……”，该空用过去进行时，主语为I，谓语用单数。故填was wandering。 88．He often to his childhood memories in his speeches.(refer) 【答案】refers 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他在演讲中经常提及他童年的回忆。根据句中的副词often可知本句表示的是一个客观情况，应用一般现在时。主语He 是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填 refers。 89．The discussion (come) alive when an interesting topic was brought in. 【答案】came 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当一个有趣的话题被提出来时，讨论变得活跃起来。根据句中“when an interesting topic was brought in”可知，从句使用了一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情。“讨论变得活跃起来”也是过去发生的动作，所以主句也应用一般过去时，come的过去式为came，在句中作谓语。故填came。 90．After the reception, I dreamed, after the teachers and Mrs. Reed Winford had smacked their lips over Mama’s delicious meat balls, the girls (notice) me even more. 【答案】would notice 【详解】考查过去将来时。句意：招待会结束后，我梦想着，等老师们和Reed Winford太太吃完妈妈做的美味肉丸后，女孩们会更加注意到我。结合dreamed可知主句是一般过去时，空处是宾语从句的谓语部分，表示将来，应用过去将来时，故土would notice。 91．My mom (finish) cooking the dinner before I got home yesterday. 【答案】had finished 【详解】考查时态。句意：昨天我到家之前，我妈妈已经做好晚饭了。本空作主句谓语，finish“完成”这一动作发生在got home之前，即此处表示“过去的过去”，时态应用过去完成时。故填had finished。 92．A brilliant idea (strike) him while he was reviewing his chemistry notes. 【答案】struck 【详解】考查时态。句意：他在复习化学笔记时突然想到一个好主意。主句动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填struck。 93．I am deeply impressed by the great changes that (take) place in the school over the past three years. 【答案】have taken 【详解】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：过去三年学校发生的巨大变化给我留下了深刻的印象。空前that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词changes，在从句中作主语，空处作谓语，由时间状语over the past three years可知，从句应用现在完成时，that指代先行词changes，谓语动词单复数与先行词保持一致，用复数形式，助动词用have。故填have taken。 94．Now, especially amazing (be) the achievements that China has made in space exploration. 【答案】are 【详解】考查倒装和主谓一致。句意：现在，尤其令人惊叹的是中国在太空探索方面取得的成就。该句子是完全倒装句，表语especially amazing被置于句首，主语是the achievements，空格处是be动词；根据时间状语now，句子用一般现在时，主语是复数形式，be动词用are。故填are。 95．The company (mean) to launch a new product in the spring, but delays in production forced them to postpone. 【答案】had meant 【详解】考查时态。句意：该公司原本打算在春季推出一款新产品，但生产的延误迫使他们推迟了计划。根据语境可知表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had meant。 96．The government   (announce) the setting up of several special funds by the end of last year. 【答案】had announced 【详解】考查时态。句意：到去年年底，政府宣布设立若干专项基金。根据时间状语 by the end of last year可知，此处强调动作在过去某个时间之前已经完成，应用过去完成时。故填had announced。 97．The news reported that by the end of last year, the number of 5G base stations in China (increase) to over 3 million. 【答案】had increased 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：该新闻报道称，截至去年年底，中国的5G基站数量已增加到300多万个。“by the end of + 过去时间”是过去完成时的标志，表示在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作。句中“by the end of last year”表示到去年年底，是一个过去的时间点，“increase”这个动作在去年年底之前就已经完成，所以要用过去完成时，其结构为“had + 过去分词”，increase 的过去分词是increased。故填had increased。 98．During the past decade, he （photograph）the city, and sharing these photos online and in exhibitions. 【答案】has been photographing 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的十年里，他一直在拍摄这座城市，并在网上和展览中分享这些照片。根据上文“During the past decade”可知，本句为现在完成时。再根据“sharing”可知，本句为现在完成进行时。故填has been photographing。 99．Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching (reward) with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. 【答案】are rewarded 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：然而，在拥有高质量教学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和更多入学率之前，不会有太大变化。根据句意可知，句子为时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来，schools和reward为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，schools是复数，be动词使用are。故填are rewarded。 100．We (reduce) emission of air pollutants in recent years, but cars are still major source of them. 【答案】have reduced/have been reducing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：近年来，我们已经（一直在）减少空气污染物的排放，但汽车仍然是主要的污染源。根据时间状语in recent years可知，句子为现在完成时，主语为We，助动词用have；也可以表示过去发生的事情一直延续到现在，用现在完成进行时have been doing。故填have reduced/have been reducing。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$