Unit 1 课时3 Understanding ideas（Grammar）（分层作业）英语外研版2024八年级上册

Unit 1 This is me 课时3 Understanding ideas(Grammar) 分层作业 核心知识速记 03 拓展培优 01 基础达标 04思维进阶 02 能力提升 ( 一、现在完成时的用法： 时态 含义 结构 时间状语 现在完成时 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，或者表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 has/have+动词的过去分词形式 since，for，so far，already，yet， just, recently，ever，twice，in the last /past few years 二、现在完成时的句型结构： 三、现在完成时用法辨析 （1） already 用于肯定句； yet 用于否定句或疑问句 ； just 表示动作刚刚结束，放在助动词和过去分词之间。 如：He has already told me the secret. 他已经告诉我这个秘密了。 I haven’t fed my pet dog yet. 我还没喂我的宠物狗。 I have just finished my homework. 我刚完成作业 。 （2） for+一段时间 ，表示“持续……” ； since+ … ago / 过去时的句子 ，表示“自从……以来” 。 如：I have studied in this school for 3 years. 我已经在这所学校学习了三年。 I have studied in this school since 3 years ago. 我从三年前开始就在这所学校学习了。 I have studied in this school since I was 12 years old. 自从我12岁以来就在这学校学习了。 （4）现在完成时与一般过去时的区别： 现在完成时侧重对现在的影响；一般过去时只是对过去的描述，不强调影响，是过去的时间点发生的事情。When提问时间点，不能跟现在完成时连用。 如：I have had breakfast. 我已经吃了早餐了。（已经饱了，不用再吃了） I had breakfast. 我吃过早餐了。（普通描述过去的事情，没有饱不饱的含义） Derek has watched the movie. When did he watch it? 德里克已经看过这电影了。他什么时候看的？ ) ( （3） have been to/have gone to/have been（in/at） 区别 have been to表示“曾经去过（人已回来）” have gone to意为“已经去了（人不在这里）” have been （in/ at …） 表示“待在……一段时间”。 如：Have you ever been to HK? 你曾经去过香港吗？ Linda isn’t at home. She has gone to the library. 琳达不在家，她已经去了图书馆。 The Greens have been in China for 10 years. 格林一家人已经待在中国10年了。 （4） 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 ： 现在完成时侧重对现在的影响；一般过去时只是对过去的描述，不强调影响，是过去的时间点发生的事情。When提问时间点，不能跟现在完成时连用。 如：I have had breakfast. 我已经吃了早餐了。（已经饱了，不用再吃了） I had breakfast. 我吃过早餐了。（普通描述过去的事情，没有饱不饱的含义） Derek has watched the movie. When did he watch it? 德里克已经看过这电影了。他什么时候看的？ ) 一、单项选择 1．—Would you like something to eat? —No, thanks. I ________ a lot, and I am quite full now. A．ate B．eat C．have eaten D．will eat 2．—Will you watch the movie NeZha 2 with me together? —Thank you. But I ________ it twice. A．see B．saw C．will see D．have seen 3．—The air here is much fresher than before. —Exactly! We ________ plenty of trees in the last few years. A．planted B．have planted C．were planted D．were planting 4．They left for Beijing last week and we ________ them so far. A．don’t hear from B．didn’t hear from C．haven’t heard from D．won’t hear from 5．— The film Ne Zha 2 is really amazing. Have you ________ watched it? — Not ________. But I plan to watch it at the cinema this Saturday evening. A．already; just B．ever; yet C．just; already D．yet; ever 6．—Mike isn’t at home. Do you know where he is? —He ________the Ancient Huizhou City. He________there three times because of work. A．has been to; has been B．has been to; has gone C．has gone to; has been D．has gone to; has gone 7．—Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A．has been in; is leaving B．has been to; has left C．has gone to; left D．has gone to; leaves 8．—_______ you ever _______ the Bird’s Nest? —Yes, I have. It’s fantastic (极好的). A．Have; been to B．Have; gone to C．Did; go to D．Do; go to 9．—________ you ________ The Old Man and the Sea yet? —Yes, it’s about a man’s fight with nature. A．Have; read B．Did; read C．Will; read D．Do; read 10．—Is the man over there Mr. Smith? —It can’t be him. He ________ Beijing. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in 一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1．So far, he (make) quite a few friends here. 2．My mum (feed) the cat since it came to our house. 3．Great changes place in China in the past ten years. (take) 4．—Don’t make any noise. The baby is sleeping. —There is no need. He (wake) up. 5．We (finish) our project already, so we can start the presentation. 6．I have (be) a member of the art club since last September. 7．—How worried Lily looks! —She (lose) her keys and she can’t get into the house. 8．The concert (start). We have to look for our seats in the dark. 9．There (be) great changes in Jiangsu Province over the past 30 years. 10．Both Lily and Lucy (visit) the Lanzhou Science and Technology Museum twice. 二、完成句子 11．I have already seen the film called Ne ZhaⅡ. (改为否定句) I seen the film called Ne ZhaⅡ . 12．They have already visited the Great Wall. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) they the Great Wall ? No, they . 13．The radio station played this song just now.(用just改写句子) The radio station this song. 一、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 It’s a very hot day. Over 10 students spend about three hours riding bikes along the central axis (中轴线) of Beijing. It’s a little tiring, 1 all of them have a good time. Sam is one of 2 . He comes from the UK. “The bike tour is really nice. I make many new 3 on the way. They are very friendly and they help me a lot,” he says. The Beijing Central Axis is 7.8 km long. 4 many places of interest on or near it, like the Bell and Drum Towers and Tian’anmen Square. The students ask their teacher Mr Wu 5 them the stories behind these places along the way. The students 6 a lot about Beijing since the trip. Sam enjoys many of the buildings on 7 axis. He thinks they are really wonderful places for people to visit. He plans to see much 8 interesting parts of Beijing in the future. Mr Wu is glad that the students like the trip. “To really get to know a city, one 9 just stay in the classroom,” he says. He is 10 in bike riding. It’s a good activity. Beijing is very beautiful. He hopes people from different places can love it. 1．A．and B．but C．so 2．A．they B．their C．them 3．A．friend B．friends C．friends’ 4．A．There are B．There were C．There have 5．A．tell B．told C．to tell 6．A．will learn B．are learning C．have learned 7．A．the B．an C．a 8．A．many B．more C．most 9．A．mustn’t B．can’t C．can 10．A．interested B．interest C．interestedly 二、完形填空 A father saw his son crying. He asked him, “What’s wrong?” The young boy replied, “My 11 classmates made fun of me and called me the son of a poor gardener. They said that my father is just a worker who only lives on the money from watering and growing plants for people.” Learning about that, the father was 12 for a moment, and said, “Come with me.” He took out a few seeds (种子) and said, “Let’s plant some 13 separately. I use clean water from the lake, and you water yours with dirty water from the pond. We will see the 14 later.” The son happily joined his father in planting them. It took them some days to help the flower seeds germinate (发芽). They cared for them and watched them 15 . Several weeks later, they went to the garden. The father said, “Look at the two flowers and tell me your thoughts.” Then the boy said in 16 , “My flower looks healthier than yours. But you used cleaner water. How is that even possible?” The father smiled and said, “That’s because dirty water doesn’t 17 a plant from growing. Instead, it becomes organic fertilizer (有机肥料) to help the flower grow. Remember there’s nothing wrong with you when some people 18 you in your life. Don’t let those bad words 19 you in bad ways. Let them encourage you, and then you will be like the flower and bloom (开花) even in the dirt.” The boy felt confident 20 he heard what his father said. 11．A．healthy B．clever C．rich D．lucky 12．A．silent B．nervous C．patient D．excited 13．A．trees B．flowers C．vegetables D．grass 14．A．decision B．effort C．reason D．result 15．A．move B．increase C．grow D．disappear 16．A．fear B．surprise C．anger D．peace 17．A．protect B．save C．benefit D．stop 18．A．laugh at B．believe in C．look after D．depend on 19．A．advise B．forget C．doubt D．influence 20．A．before B．after C．if D．unless 三、阅读理解 It is not always easy to find yourself. From a young age, I had a strong feeling of who I would become—but an accident changed everything. For me, skating was more important than anything else in the world. Nothing else filled my heart with so much happiness. I spent 24 hours a week developing my skills. I had no social life or interests except skating. And I got the first place in nearly every match. Unluckily, during one match, I fell and was badly hurt. The doctor told me that I couldn’t skate anymore. The pain in my back was hard to bear and even everyday life became difficult. The accident took away all of my happiness and success. I lost heart and had no idea who I would become. After being in great pain for eight months, something had to change. I didn’t sit around and waste my days any longer. I began to work for the local community. By volunteering as a swimming coach and summer reading teacher for kids, I got an idea of who I wanted to become. After a few months, I found a new interest. Little by little, I stepped out of the pain and rebuilt my confidence. Sometimes, challenges in life will get in our way. We can choose to stay behind or try to get past these challenges. My accident was a big challenge for me. It didn’t stop me from reaching success. Today, I’m a very confident person and I always face my life with a smile. 21．What changed the writer’s everyday life? A．Skating. B．An accident. C．Social life. D．His practice. 22．What does the underlined word “bear” mean in Paragraph 3? A．忍受 B．移动 C．生育 D．折磨 23．Which of the following words can best describe the writer? A．Shy and quiet. B．Friendly and careful. C．Hard-working and strict. D．Brave and confident. 24．Which is the RIGHT order of the things that happened in the writer’s life? a. He began to work for people. b. He rebuilt his confidence. c. He got the first place in nearly every match. d. He hurt himself during one match. A．d-c-b-a- B．c-b-a-d C．c-d-a-b D．d-a-c-b 25．What is the purpose of this text? A．To let us work for local people kindly. B．To show us the writer’s love for skating. C．To make us face the challenges bravely. D．To tell us the information of an accident. 一、选词填空 从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 Internet    travel    by    since    simple    we    highly    on    he    popular    help    stranger Yang Hao, a 32-year-old doctoral student, took a trip across China without the Internet. For 134 days, he has already 1 to many places, reading 40 books and recording his journey with two cameras. He used printed maps, paper money as well as bank cards, and asked 2 for information. In the past, Yang spent almost seven hours a day 3 his phone. Surprised by this, he decided to travel without his phone or computer. He wanted to see what life would be like without the 4 . During his trip, Yang faced many problems, such as booking hotels and buying tickets without a phone. He also wrote letters to 5 family and friends. Though there were many difficulties, he learned a lot from the experience. He began to enjoy the 6 joys of life, like reading and writing. Yang’s story became 7 online, causing discussions about our dependence (依赖) on the Internet. Many people spoke 8 of him and thought about their own use of phones. 9 this journey, Yang has already decided to cut down his phone use to 90 minutes a day. Yang is now writing a book and making a film about his journey. He hopes to use them to 10 others to balance (平衡) the online world and real life. 二、任务型阅读 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题，并把答案写在横线上。 Jane was not a confident girl before, because she was fat and others often laughed at her. As a result, Jane became very shy. She was afraid to say hello to strangers. She was afraid to ask simple questions and speak aloud in front of others. It seemed that she was afraid of everything in her life. She used to believe that she would be like this all her life. But one day, her friend Paul’s words changed her mind. He encouraged Jane to change herself. He said, “If you can have a try, you will have a chance to make a difference. But if you never try, your life is only going to get worse.” Jane was deeply touched by what Paul said. She thought, “Why not have a try? After all, I have nothing to lose.” The first thing Jane did was losing weight. She had a strict diet and did exercise every day. After 6 months, she lost 90 pounds. This taught her that she could change herself. A few months later, Jane heard about a speech competition at her university. She plucked up (鼓起) her courage to attend the competition. For the first time, she was able to share her story and speak aloud in front of many people. In the end, she got a big prize! After the competition, Jane made a to-do list and started changing rapidly. She tried her best to finish the things on the list one by one. When working on them, she felt more and more confident. Jane was still making progress now. And she will never stop. 11．Why was Jane not confident before? ________________________________________________ 12．Who encouraged Jane to change herself? ________________________________________________ 13．How did Jane lose weight? ________________________________________________ 14．What did Jane share in the speech competition? ________________________________________________ 15．When did Jane make a to-do list? ________________________________________________ ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 This is me 课时3 Understanding ideas(Grammar) 分层作业 核心知识速记 03 拓展培优 01 基础达标 04思维进阶 02 能力提升 ( 一、现在完成时的用法： 时态 含义 结构 时间状语 现在完成时 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，或者表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 has/have+动词的过去分词形式 since，for，so far，already，yet， just, recently，ever，twice，in the last /past few years 二、现在完成时的句型结构： 三、现在完成时用法辨析 （1） already 用于肯定句； yet 用于否定句或疑问句 ； just 表示动作刚刚结束，放在助动词和过去分词之间。 如：He has already told me the secret. 他已经告诉我这个秘密了。 I haven’t fed my pet dog yet. 我还没喂我的宠物狗。 I have just finished my homework. 我刚完成作业 。 （2） for+一段时间 ，表示“持续……” ； since+ … ago / 过去时的句子 ，表示“自从……以来” 。 如：I have studied in this school for 3 years. 我已经在这所学校学习了三年。 I have studied in this school since 3 years ago. 我从三年前开始就在这所学校学习了。 I have studied in this school since I was 12 years old. 自从我12岁以来就在这学校学习了。 （4）现在完成时与一般过去时的区别： 现在完成时侧重对现在的影响；一般过去时只是对过去的描述，不强调影响，是过去的时间点发生的事情。When提问时间点，不能跟现在完成时连用。 如：I have had breakfast. 我已经吃了早餐了。（已经饱了，不用再吃了） I had breakfast. 我吃过早餐了。（普通描述过去的事情，没有饱不饱的含义） Derek has watched the movie. When did he watch it? 德里克已经看过这电影了。他什么时候看的？ ) ( （3） have been to/have gone to/have been（in/at） 区别 have been to表示“曾经去过（人已回来）” have gone to意为“已经去了（人不在这里）” have been （in/ at …） 表示“待在……一段时间”。 如：Have you ever been to HK? 你曾经去过香港吗？ Linda isn’t at home. She has gone to the library. 琳达不在家，她已经去了图书馆。 The Greens have been in China for 10 years. 格林一家人已经待在中国10年了。 （4） 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 ： 现在完成时侧重对现在的影响；一般过去时只是对过去的描述，不强调影响，是过去的时间点发生的事情。When提问时间点，不能跟现在完成时连用。 如：I have had breakfast. 我已经吃了早餐了。（已经饱了，不用再吃了） I had breakfast. 我吃过早餐了。（普通描述过去的事情，没有饱不饱的含义） Derek has watched the movie. When did he watch it? 德里克已经看过这电影了。他什么时候看的？ ) 一、单项选择 1．—Would you like something to eat? —No, thanks. I ________ a lot, and I am quite full now. A．ate B．eat C．have eaten D．will eat 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你想吃点什么吗？——不用了，谢谢。我吃了很多，现在已经吃饱了。 考查时态。根据“and I am quite full now”可知，此处表示过去的动作，对现在造成了影响，应用现在完成时。故选C。 2．—Will you watch the movie NeZha 2 with me together? —Thank you. But I ________ it twice. A．see B．saw C．will see D．have seen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你要和我一起去看《哪吒2》吗？——谢谢。但我已经看过两遍了。 考查现在完成时。根据“But I ...it twice.”可知，此处表达“我已经看了两次了”，需用现在完成时have/has done结构。故选D。 3．—The air here is much fresher than before. —Exactly! We ________ plenty of trees in the last few years. A．planted B．have planted C．were planted D．were planting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这里的空气比以前清新多了。——没错！在过去的几年里，我们种植了大量的树木。     考查动词时态辨析。planted一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；have planted现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，常与“for + 时间段”、“in the last/past + 时间段”等时间状语连用；were planted一般过去时的被动语态，表示过去被种植；were planting过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。根据时间状语“in the last few years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，且对现在产生了影响，符合现在完成时的用法。此外，“we”与“plant trees”之间为主动关系，无需用被动语态。因此，正确时态为现在完成时。故选B。 4．They left for Beijing last week and we ________ them so far. A．don’t hear from B．didn’t hear from C．haven’t heard from D．won’t hear from 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们上周去了北京，到现在我们还没有他们的消息。 考查时态。so far表示“到目前为止”，常与现在完成时连用，其构成为主语+have/has+done。故选C。 5．— The film Ne Zha 2 is really amazing. Have you ________ watched it? — Not ________. But I plan to watch it at the cinema this Saturday evening. A．already; just B．ever; yet C．just; already D．yet; ever 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——《哪吒2》真是令人惊喜！你看过了吗？——还没有。但是我计划这个周六晚上去电影院看。 考查现在完成时。already已经；yet还；ever曾经；just仅仅。根据“Have you...watched it?”可知，问句是含有ever的现在完成时的句子，表示“是否曾经做过某事？”，Not yet“还没有”是否定回答。故选B。 6．—Mike isn’t at home. Do you know where he is? —He ________the Ancient Huizhou City. He________there three times because of work. A．has been to; has been B．has been to; has gone C．has gone to; has been D．has gone to; has gone 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——迈克不在家。你知道他在哪里吗？   ——他去了古徽州城。因为工作原因，他已经去过那里三次了。     考查has been to和has gone to的辨析。has been to表示“去过某地（现在已返回）”，强调经历，后可接次数；has gone to表示“去了某地（现在未返回，可能在路上或已到达）”，强调动作的完成。第一空：根据“Mike isn’t at home”可知，他此刻未返回，应用has gone to；第二空：根据“three times”可知，此处强调“去过三次”的经历，应用has been (to)，因there为副词，省略to。故选C。 7．—Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A．has been in; is leaving B．has been to; has left C．has gone to; left D．has gone to; leaves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你好。露西在家吗？——不在，她去图书馆了。她刚才给你留了个口信。 考查时态和短语辨析。has been in在某地待了一段时间；has been to曾经去过某地（现在已不在那里）；has gone to去了某地（还没回来）。根据“No”可知露西不在家，去了图书馆还没回来，第一空用“has gone to”；根据“just now”可知第二空时态是一般过去时，用过去式“left”。故选C。 8．—_______ you ever _______ the Bird’s Nest? —Yes, I have. It’s fantastic (极好的). A．Have; been to B．Have; gone to C．Did; go to D．Do; go to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过鸟巢吗？——是的，我去过。它太棒了。 考查现在完成时和动词短语。根据“ever”和答句“I have”可知，此处强调过去的经历对现在的影响，需用现在完成时。have been to去过；have gone to去了。结合“Yes, I have. It’s fantastic (极好的).”可知，空处是询问“去过鸟巢吗”，故选A。 9．—________ you ________ The Old Man and the Sea yet? —Yes, it’s about a man’s fight with nature. A．Have; read B．Did; read C．Will; read D．Do; read 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你读过《老人与海》吗？——读过，它有关人与自然的斗争。 考查现在完成时。由“yet”可知，是现在完成时，一般疑问句中，have置于句首，read用过去分词read。故选A。 10．—Is the man over there Mr. Smith? —It can’t be him. He ________ Beijing. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——那边那个人是史密斯先生吗？——不可能是他。他去北京了。 考查现在完成时。has gone to表示去了某地，还没有回来；has been to表示去过某地，现在回来了；has been in表示一直在某地。根据“It can’t be him.”可知，那边那位不可能是他，因此表示他现在不在这里，去了北京还没有回来，故选A。 一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1．So far, he (make) quite a few friends here. 【答案】has made 【详解】句意：到目前为止，他已经在这里交了相当多的朋友。根据“So far, he...quite a few friends here.”可知，“So far”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语“he”是第三人称单数，助动词用“has”；“make”的过去分词为“made”。故填has made。 2．My mum (feed) the cat since it came to our house. 【答案】has fed 【详解】句意：自从猫来到我们家，我妈妈就一直在喂它。根据“since it came to our house”可知，主句应用现在完成时，主语为“My mum”，应填has fed。故填has fed。 3．Great changes place in China in the past ten years. (take) 【答案】have changed 【详解】句意：在过去的十年里，中国发生了巨大的变化。根据“in the past ten years.”可知句子用现在完成时，主语是名词复数，助动词用have。故填have changed。 4．—Don’t make any noise. The baby is sleeping. —There is no need. He (wake) up. 【答案】has woken 【详解】句意：——别出声，宝宝正在睡觉呢。——没必要，他已经醒了。根据“There is no need. He...up.”可知，因为已经醒了，所以没必要避声了，用现在完成时，结构为have/has done，主语是He，助动词用has，故填has woken。 5．We (finish) our project already, so we can start the presentation. 【答案】have finished 【详解】句意：我们已经完成了我们的项目，所以我们可以开始演示了。根据“already”和“we can start the presentation”可知动作已完成并对现在有影响，应用现在完成时，主语“We”为复数，谓语结构用have done。故填have finished。 6．I have (be) a member of the art club since last September. 【答案】been 【详解】句意：自去年九月以来，我一直是艺术俱乐部的成员。根据“since last September”可知，这句话是现在完成时，表示“自从九月以来，我就是艺术俱乐部的成员”，表示动作或状态从过去持续到现在，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，be的过去分词形式是“been”，故填been。 7．—How worried Lily looks! —She (lose) her keys and she can’t get into the house. 【答案】has lost 【详解】句意：——莉莉看起来多担心啊！——她丢了钥匙，进不了房子。根据“How worried Lily looks!”以及“she can’t get into the house”可知，此处表示过去发生的动作，对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，主语为“She”，应填has lost。故填has lost。 8．The concert (start). We have to look for our seats in the dark. 【答案】has started 【详解】句意：音乐会开始了。我们得在黑暗中找座位。根据“We have to look for our seats in the dark.”可知，此处是“过去的动作对现在的影响”，句子时态是现在完成时，主语是单数，has started符合句意，故填has started。 9．There (be) great changes in Jiangsu Province over the past 30 years. 【答案】have been 【详解】句意：在过去的30年里，江苏省发生了巨大的变化。根据“over the past 30 years”可知，句子时态应用现在完成时。句子为there be句型的现在完成时结构，即 there have/has been。主语“great changes”是复数，因此助动词用have。故填have been。 10．Both Lily and Lucy (visit) the Lanzhou Science and Technology Museum twice. 【答案】have visited 【详解】句意：莉莉和露西都去过兰州科技博物馆两次了。根据“twice”可知，“参观兰州科技博物馆”这个动作在过去发生过两次，对现在（说话时刻）的影响是她们去过这个博物馆了，所以用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词。由于主语“Lily and Lucy”是复数意义，所以助动词用have，visit的过去分词形式是visited。故填have visited。 二、完成句子 11．I have already seen the film called Ne ZhaⅡ. (改为否定句) I seen the film called Ne ZhaⅡ . 【答案】 haven’t yet 【详解】句意：我已经看过电影《哪吒Ⅱ》了。原句为肯定句，谓语动词是have seen，这是现在完成时的结构，表示“已经看过”。在改为否定句时，我们需要在助动词have后加not，即haven’t，表示“还没有看过”。同时，原句中的already（已经）在否定句中通常要替换为yet，yet通常用于否定句和疑问句中，表示“还（未）”。故填haven’t；yet。 12．They have already visited the Great Wall. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) they the Great Wall ? No, they . 【答案】 Have visited yet haven’t 【详解】句意：他们已经参观过长城了。根据“have already visited”可知，原句是现在完成时，一般疑问句要把助动词have提到主语之前， yet意为“已经；还”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，替换原句中的already，否定回答用助动词haven’t。故填Have；visited；yet；haven’t。 13．The radio station played this song just now.(用just改写句子) The radio station this song. 【答案】 has just played 【详解】句意：广播站刚刚播放了这首歌。用just改写句子，句子用现在完成时，谓语用have/has done。主语“The radio station”是单数名词，谓语用has played，just放在助动词和实义动词之间。故填has just played。 一、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 It’s a very hot day. Over 10 students spend about three hours riding bikes along the central axis (中轴线) of Beijing. It’s a little tiring, 1 all of them have a good time. Sam is one of 2 . He comes from the UK. “The bike tour is really nice. I make many new 3 on the way. They are very friendly and they help me a lot,” he says. The Beijing Central Axis is 7.8 km long. 4 many places of interest on or near it, like the Bell and Drum Towers and Tian’anmen Square. The students ask their teacher Mr Wu 5 them the stories behind these places along the way. The students 6 a lot about Beijing since the trip. Sam enjoys many of the buildings on 7 axis. He thinks they are really wonderful places for people to visit. He plans to see much 8 interesting parts of Beijing in the future. Mr Wu is glad that the students like the trip. “To really get to know a city, one 9 just stay in the classroom,” he says. He is 10 in bike riding. It’s a good activity. Beijing is very beautiful. He hopes people from different places can love it. 1．A．and B．but C．so 2．A．they B．their C．them 3．A．friend B．friends C．friends’ 4．A．There are B．There were C．There have 5．A．tell B．told C．to tell 6．A．will learn B．are learning C．have learned 7．A．the B．an C．a 8．A．many B．more C．most 9．A．mustn’t B．can’t C．can 10．A．interested B．interest C．interestedly 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了来自英国的学生在北京骑自行车游览中轴线的经历。 1．句意：这有点累，但他们都玩得很开心。 and而且，和；but但是；so所以。根据“tiring”和“have a good time”可知，此处形成对比，表示转折。故选B。 2．句意：Sam是其中之一。 they他们，主格；their他们的；them他们，宾格。横线处指代上文的“Over 10 students”，且介词of后用代词的宾格。故选C。 3．句意：一路上我结交了许多新朋友。 friend朋友，名词单数；friends朋友，名词复数；friends’朋友们的，名词复数所有格。many“许多”，修饰可数名词复数，make friends“交朋友”，故选B。 4．句意：中轴线上或附近有许多名胜古迹，如钟楼、鼓楼和天安门广场。 There are现在有；There were过去有；There have结构错误。全文使用一般现在时，且此处表示“某地有某物”，用There be句型。故选A。 5．句意：学生们让他们的老师吴老师给他们讲沿路这些地方背后的故事。 tell告诉，动词原形；told告诉，过去式；to tell动词不定式。ask sb. to do sth.让某人做某事，横线处填动词不定式。故选C。 6．句意：自从这次旅行以来，学生们对北京有了很多了解。 will learn得知，获悉，一般将来时；are learning现在进行时；have learned现在完成时。since“自从”是现在完成时的标志词，故选C。 7．句意：Sam喜欢这条中轴线上的许多建筑。 the定冠词，表特指；an泛指“一个”，用于元音音素前；a泛指“一个”，用于辅音音素前。此处特指上文提到的“the central axis (中轴线) of Beijing”，故选A。 8．句意：他计划在未来看到北京更多有趣的地方。 many许多，原级；more更多的，比较级；most最多的，最高级。横线前much修饰比较级，故选B。 9．句意：他说：“要真正了解一个城市，就不能只待在教室里。” mustn’t禁止，不准；can’t不能；can能。根据“ To really get to know a city, one...just stay in the classroom”可知，此处表示要想真正了解一个城市，不能只在教室。故选B。 10．句意：他对骑自行车感兴趣。 interested形容词，感兴趣的；interest名词，兴趣；interestedly副词，感兴趣地。be interested in“对……感兴趣”是固定短语，故选A。 二、完形填空 A father saw his son crying. He asked him, “What’s wrong?” The young boy replied, “My 11 classmates made fun of me and called me the son of a poor gardener. They said that my father is just a worker who only lives on the money from watering and growing plants for people.” Learning about that, the father was 12 for a moment, and said, “Come with me.” He took out a few seeds (种子) and said, “Let’s plant some 13 separately. I use clean water from the lake, and you water yours with dirty water from the pond. We will see the 14 later.” The son happily joined his father in planting them. It took them some days to help the flower seeds germinate (发芽). They cared for them and watched them 15 . Several weeks later, they went to the garden. The father said, “Look at the two flowers and tell me your thoughts.” Then the boy said in 16 , “My flower looks healthier than yours. But you used cleaner water. How is that even possible?” The father smiled and said, “That’s because dirty water doesn’t 17 a plant from growing. Instead, it becomes organic fertilizer (有机肥料) to help the flower grow. Remember there’s nothing wrong with you when some people 18 you in your life. Don’t let those bad words 19 you in bad ways. Let them encourage you, and then you will be like the flower and bloom (开花) even in the dirt.” The boy felt confident 20 he heard what his father said. 11．A．healthy B．clever C．rich D．lucky 12．A．silent B．nervous C．patient D．excited 13．A．trees B．flowers C．vegetables D．grass 14．A．decision B．effort C．reason D．result 15．A．move B．increase C．grow D．disappear 16．A．fear B．surprise C．anger D．peace 17．A．protect B．save C．benefit D．stop 18．A．laugh at B．believe in C．look after D．depend on 19．A．advise B．forget C．doubt D．influence 20．A．before B．after C．if D．unless 【答案】 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C 16．B 17．D 18．A 19．D 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位园丁父亲通过种花的实验教导儿子正确面对他人嘲笑的故事。 11．句意：我富有的同学嘲笑我。 healthy健康的；clever聪明的；rich富有的；lucky幸运的。根据“...classmates made fun of me and called me the son of a poor gardener.”可知，同学嘲笑他是园丁的穷儿子，暗示同学是富有的。故选C。 12．句意：父亲沉默了一会儿。 silent沉默的；nervous紧张的；patient耐心的；excited兴奋的。根据“Learning about that, the father was...for a moment”可知，听到儿子被嘲笑的事情后，父亲沉默了一会儿，思考如何在这件事上教导儿子。故选A。 13．句意：让我们分别种些花。 trees树；flowers花；vegetables蔬菜；grass草。根据下文“It took them some days to help the flower seeds germinate (发芽).”可知，他们种的是花。故选B。 14．句意：我们稍后看结果。 decision决定；effort努力；reason原因；result结果。根据上文“I use clean water from the lake, and you water yours with dirty water from the pond.”可知，种同样的花，但浇不同的水就是为了看结果如何。故选D。 15．句意：他们悉心照料，观察它们生长。 move移动；increase增加；grow生长；disappear消失。根据“They cared for them and watched them...”和备选项可知此处指看着种下的花生长。故选C。 16．句意：男孩惊讶地说：“我的花看起来比你的花健康。但你用的是更干净的水。这怎么可能呢？” fear害怕；surprise惊讶；anger愤怒；peace平静。根据“How is that even possible?”可知，男孩感觉难以置信，应是惊讶地说。故选B。 17．句意：那是因为脏水不会阻止植物生长。 protect保护；save拯救；benefit受益；stop阻止。根据下文“Instead”可知，此处与“help the flower grow”相反，应是“阻止植物生长”。故选D。 18．句意：要记住，当生活中有人嘲笑你时，这并非是你的问题。 laugh at嘲笑；believe in相信；look after照顾；depend on依赖。根据“Remember there’s nothing wrong with you when some people...you in your life.”可知，此处是父亲就儿子被嘲笑的事进行教导，与上文“classmates made fun of me”对应。故选A。 19．句意：不要让那些不好的话以不好的方式影响你。 advise建议；forget忘记；doubt怀疑；influence影响。根据“Don’t let those bad words...you in bad ways.”和备选项可知，此处指不要让坏话以不好的方式影响你。故选D。 20．句意：听了父亲的话，男孩感到很自信。 before在……之前；after在……之后；if如果；unless除非。根据“The boy felt confident...he heard what his father said.”可知，应是在听完父亲说的话后感到自信。故选B。 三、阅读理解 It is not always easy to find yourself. From a young age, I had a strong feeling of who I would become—but an accident changed everything. For me, skating was more important than anything else in the world. Nothing else filled my heart with so much happiness. I spent 24 hours a week developing my skills. I had no social life or interests except skating. And I got the first place in nearly every match. Unluckily, during one match, I fell and was badly hurt. The doctor told me that I couldn’t skate anymore. The pain in my back was hard to bear and even everyday life became difficult. The accident took away all of my happiness and success. I lost heart and had no idea who I would become. After being in great pain for eight months, something had to change. I didn’t sit around and waste my days any longer. I began to work for the local community. By volunteering as a swimming coach and summer reading teacher for kids, I got an idea of who I wanted to become. After a few months, I found a new interest. Little by little, I stepped out of the pain and rebuilt my confidence. Sometimes, challenges in life will get in our way. We can choose to stay behind or try to get past these challenges. My accident was a big challenge for me. It didn’t stop me from reaching success. Today, I’m a very confident person and I always face my life with a smile. 21．What changed the writer’s everyday life? A．Skating. B．An accident. C．Social life. D．His practice. 22．What does the underlined word “bear” mean in Paragraph 3? A．忍受 B．移动 C．生育 D．折磨 23．Which of the following words can best describe the writer? A．Shy and quiet. B．Friendly and careful. C．Hard-working and strict. D．Brave and confident. 24．Which is the RIGHT order of the things that happened in the writer’s life? a. He began to work for people. b. He rebuilt his confidence. c. He got the first place in nearly every match. d. He hurt himself during one match. A．d-c-b-a- B．c-b-a-d C．c-d-a-b D．d-a-c-b 25．What is the purpose of this text? A．To let us work for local people kindly. B．To show us the writer’s love for skating. C．To make us face the challenges bravely. D．To tell us the information of an accident. 【答案】21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者因一次意外事故失去了自己热爱的滑冰事业，但通过努力克服困难，重新找到生活目标和信心的故事，强调了面对挑战时的勇气和积极态度。 21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“but an accident changed everything.”以及第三段“The accident took away all of my happiness and success.”可知，一场意外改变了作者的日常生活。故选B。 22．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“The pain in my back was hard to bear and even everyday life became difficult.”可知，作者背部的疼痛难以忍受，甚至日常生活都变得困难。由此可推断，“bear”意为“忍受”。故选A。 23．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Today, I’m a very confident person and I always face my life with a smile.”以及作者在面对意外后的积极应对，可以推断作者是一个勇敢且自信的人。故选D。 24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“And I got the first place in nearly every match.”可知，作者在几乎每场比赛中都获得了第一名，这是c选项；根据文章第三段“Unluckily, during one match, I fell and was badly hurt.”可知，作者在一场比赛中受伤了，这是d选项；根据文章第四段“I began to work for the local community.”可知，作者开始为当地社区工作，这是a选项；根据文章第四段“Little by little, I stepped out of the pain and rebuilt my confidence.”可知，作者逐渐走出了痛苦，重建了信心，这是b选项。因此，正确的顺序是c-d-a-b。故选C。 25．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Sometimes, challenges in life will get in our way. We can choose to stay behind or try to get past these challenges.”以及作者在面对意外后的积极应对和最终重建信心，可以推断这篇文章的目的是鼓励我们勇敢地面对挑战。故选C。 一、选词填空 从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 Internet    travel    by    since    simple    we    highly    on    he    popular    help    stranger Yang Hao, a 32-year-old doctoral student, took a trip across China without the Internet. For 134 days, he has already 1 to many places, reading 40 books and recording his journey with two cameras. He used printed maps, paper money as well as bank cards, and asked 2 for information. In the past, Yang spent almost seven hours a day 3 his phone. Surprised by this, he decided to travel without his phone or computer. He wanted to see what life would be like without the 4 . During his trip, Yang faced many problems, such as booking hotels and buying tickets without a phone. He also wrote letters to 5 family and friends. Though there were many difficulties, he learned a lot from the experience. He began to enjoy the 6 joys of life, like reading and writing. Yang’s story became 7 online, causing discussions about our dependence (依赖) on the Internet. Many people spoke 8 of him and thought about their own use of phones. 9 this journey, Yang has already decided to cut down his phone use to 90 minutes a day. Yang is now writing a book and making a film about his journey. He hopes to use them to 10 others to balance (平衡) the online world and real life. 【答案】 1．traveled 2．strangers 3．on 4．Internet 5．his 6．simple 7．popular 8．highly 9．Since 10．help 【导语】本文讲述了32岁的博士生杨浩进行了一次为期134天、不借助互联网的中国之旅。 1．句意：134天里，他已经去过很多地方，读了40本书并用两台相机记录旅程。根据“For 134 days, he has already...to many places”可知他已经去过很多地方。travel“旅行”符合语境，时态是现在完成时，动词用过去分词。故填traveled。 2．句意：他使用纸质地图、现金和银行卡，并向陌生人询问信息。根据“asked...for informatio”结合备选词可知他向陌生人询问信息。stranger“陌生人”，应用复数，故填strangers。 3．句意：过去杨浩每天几乎花7个小时在手机上。spend time on sth表示“在……上花费时间”，固定搭配。故填on。 4．句意：他想看看没有互联网的生活会是什么样子。根据“He wanted to see what life would be like without the...”和前文可知，此处指的是互联网，Internet符合主题。故填Internet。 5．句意：他还给家人和朋友写信。根据“Family and friends”可知这里指的是他的家人，需要用形容词性物主代词his。故填his。 6．句意：他开始享受简单的快乐，比如阅读和写作。根据“joys of life, like reading and writing.”结合备选词可知是指简单的快乐，应用形容词simple“简单的”，故填simple。 7．句意：杨浩的故事在网上变得流行，引发了关于我们对互联网依赖的讨论。根据“causing discussions”可知他的故事传播广泛，很流行，popular表示“受欢迎的”。故填popular。 8．句意：许多人高度赞扬他，并思考自己对手机的使用。speak highly of表示“高度评价”，副词highly修饰动词speak。故填highly。 9．句意：自从这次旅程后，杨浩已决定将手机使用减少到每天90分钟。根据“this journey, Yang has already decided to cut down his phone use to 90 minutes a day.”结合备选词可知是指自从这次旅行后，应用since引导时间状语从句。故填Since。 10．句意：他希望用它们来帮助他人在网络世界和现实生活之间取得平衡。根据“others to balance (平衡) the online world and real life.”结合备选词可知指的是帮助他人在网络世界和现实生活之间取得平衡。help“帮助”，use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”，故填help。 二、任务型阅读 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题，并把答案写在横线上。 Jane was not a confident girl before, because she was fat and others often laughed at her. As a result, Jane became very shy. She was afraid to say hello to strangers. She was afraid to ask simple questions and speak aloud in front of others. It seemed that she was afraid of everything in her life. She used to believe that she would be like this all her life. But one day, her friend Paul’s words changed her mind. He encouraged Jane to change herself. He said, “If you can have a try, you will have a chance to make a difference. But if you never try, your life is only going to get worse.” Jane was deeply touched by what Paul said. She thought, “Why not have a try? After all, I have nothing to lose.” The first thing Jane did was losing weight. She had a strict diet and did exercise every day. After 6 months, she lost 90 pounds. This taught her that she could change herself. A few months later, Jane heard about a speech competition at her university. She plucked up (鼓起) her courage to attend the competition. For the first time, she was able to share her story and speak aloud in front of many people. In the end, she got a big prize! After the competition, Jane made a to-do list and started changing rapidly. She tried her best to finish the things on the list one by one. When working on them, she felt more and more confident. Jane was still making progress now. And she will never stop. 11．Why was Jane not confident before? ________________________________________________ 12．Who encouraged Jane to change herself? ________________________________________________ 13．How did Jane lose weight? ________________________________________________ 14．What did Jane share in the speech competition? ________________________________________________ 15．When did Jane make a to-do list? ________________________________________________ 【答案】11．Because she was fat and others often laughed at her. 12．Jane’s friend./Paul. 13．She did exercise every day./By doing exercise every day. 14．Her story. 15．After the competition. 【导语】本文讲述简了是一个不自信的女孩，她很胖，在朋友保罗的鼓励下决定尝试做出改变。 11．根据“Jane was not a confident girl before, because she was fat and others often laughed at her.”可知，简之前不自信是因为她胖，别人经常嘲笑她。故填Because she was fat and others often laughed at her. 12．根据“But one day, her friend Paul’s words changed her mind. He encouraged Jane to change herself.”可知，简的朋友保罗鼓励她改变自己。故填Jane’s friend./Paul. 13．根据“The first thing Jane did was losing weight. She had a strict diet and did exercise every day.”可知，简为了减肥每天锻炼。故填She did exercise every day./By doing exercise every day. 14．根据“For the first time, she was able to share her story and speak aloud in front of many people.”可知，简在演讲比赛中分享了自己的故事。故填Her story. 15．根据“After the competition, Jane made a to-do list and started changing rapidly.”可知，比赛结束后，简列了一张待办事项清单。故填After the competition. ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$