精品解析：吉林省通化市梅河口市博文学校2023-2024学年高一下学期第二次考试（期中）英语试题

2023—2024学年高一第二学期第二次考试 英语试卷 注意事项: 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡 上，写在本试卷上无效。 第Ⅰ卷 选择题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 5 小题:每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最 佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the man do ? A. Fix the heating. B. Contact a repairman. C. Check the apartment. 2. What do the speakers need to buy ? A. Juice. B. Biscuits. C. Hamburgers. 3 Where does the woman want to go ? A The washroom. B. The boarding gate. C. The waiting hall. 4. How old is the woman ? A.18. B.30. C.48. 5.What are the speakers mainly talking about ? A. The colors of fish. B. The feelings of fish. C. The protection of fish. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个 选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的 时间阅读各个小题;听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman looking for ? A. A bag. B. A coat. C. A notebook. 7. Where is the man ? A. At his home. B. In an office. C. In a restaurant. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers ? A. Doctor and patient. B. Boss and secretary. C. Bank clerk and customer. 9. What did the man forget about ? A. Going to town. B. Meeting with Mrs Jones. C. Having a medical examination. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. Why did the man refuse the invitation ? A. He had to write a report. B. He had to have a picnic. C. He had to design a truck. 11. What are the trucks designed for ? A. Cleaning the street. B. Doing housework. C. Transporting rubbish. 12. What does the man say about the trucks ? A. They can move very fast. B. They can work well all day. C They can recognise traffic lights. 13. What day is it today ? A. Wednesday. B. Tuesday. C. Monday. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the man probably do now ? A. A guide. B. A teacher. C. A journalist. 15. What will the man do on Friday afternoon ? A. Look after Belle. B. Attend a meeting. C. Do his paperwork. 16. Who is Iris probably ? A. The man’s kid. B. The man’s wife. C. The woman’s daughter. 17. When will the speakers meet ? A. At about 6:30 pm. B. At about 7:00 pm. C. At about 7:30 pm. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why does the speaker give the talk ? A. To announce the move of the restaurant. B. To ask employees to work overtime. C. To announce the opening of a new shop. 19. Who are most likely to listen to the talk ? A. House agents. B. Restaurant employees. C. Restaurant customers. 20. What is the speaker’s attitude toward the matter in general ? A. Positive. B. Doubtful , C. Concerned. 第二部分: 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（每小题2.5分共37.5分） A Most people think that the countries close to the Arctic Circle are the best places to see the northern lights because they’re in the “aurora zone(极光区)”. But you can also view the amazing night show in the following places. Reykjavik Iceland There is little light pollution in Iceland so you can view the northern lights in Reykjavik but it is recommended that you take a tour outside of the city. Some of the best places to view the lights are in the Westfjords and the beaches around Vik. A winter vacation in Iceland has so much to offer. Fairbanks , Alaska The city lies directly beneath a band of auroral activity so it is a perfect place to view the northern lights. The shining lights are most often seen between 11 pm and 2 am , so don’t forget to set your alarm clock. You can enjoy a stay in a hot spring holiday centre and enjoy the show while taking a relaxing soak (浸泡). Troms ø , Norway If you travel to Troms ø, the sun doesn’t rise for weeks during the winter. This means more hours of darkness and much more time to view he lights. There’re many places in Norway to view the northern lights and to experience a winter wonderland. Swedish & Finnish Lapland Located north of the Arctic Circle in Northern Finland and Sweden ,Lapland has wonderful views of the lights. Rovaniemi in Finnish Lapland is a great place to take a family vacation. There’re enough daytime activities including sledding , ice fishing , and learning about the unique culture of the areA. Jukkasjärv in Sweden offers an Ice Hotel that is a perfect place for viewing the lights. 1. What makes it possible to see the northern lights in Reykjavík , Iceland ? A. Its good environment. B. Its many attractions. C. Its unique location. D. Its enough sunlight. 2. Which place may be a good choice for people who want to enjoy the northern lights for a longer time ? A. Fairbanks , Alaska. B. Troms ø, Norway. C. Rovaniemi , Finland. D. Jukkasj ä rv Sweden. 3. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text ? A. To explain why the northern lights can be seen. B. To show the best time to see the northern lights. C. To introduce countries close to the Arctic Circle. D. To recommend places to view the northern lights. B Growing up on a small farm in Zimbabwe, I liked to sing the song “That sweet potato in the pot. Who should I eat it with?”. In the early 1990s, the song was popularized by Zimbabwean musician Oliver Mtukudzi. After I moved to the US, it became my favorite Thanksgiving song as it celebrates both the amazing food and the joys of friendship. In my village, sweet potatoes came in many colors, shapes and tastes. My mother loved the easy preparation (boil and serve), but we also ate them uncooked or roasted them on an open fire. There is simply no bad way to prepare sweet potatoes. At some point sweet potatoes faded (逐渐消失) from our diets as more farmers started growing Irish white potatoes. It’s easy to understand why. They could grow more white potatoes than sweet potatoes in the same unit of land, and, what’s more, the white potatoes’ growing time was shorter. But the white potato is no match for the sweet potato in nutritional (营养的) value. Full of vitamins (维生素), sweet potatoes are as good as any superfood but cost much less. Despite having lower levels of vitamins, white potatoes became common. In the 1990s and early 2000s,sweet potatoes were largely ignored by agricultural development organizations. However, thanks to efforts to breed (培育) improved varieties of sweet potatoes, they’re making a comeback in many African countries. These varieties greatly benefit farmers more harvest for the same amount of effort. They’re sweeter to the taste. And they have higher levels of vitamin A than past generations of sweet potatoes. The sweet potato is also a “climate-smart” crop. It is resilient to drought and heat stress,thus offering small farmers a practical climate change adaptation strategy. More than a type of food, “sweet potato” is also a lovely expression used by many Zimbabweans. Men often write love letters with words like “You will forever be my sweet potato” or sign “Your sweet potato”. Very few foods have made this magical jump into the world of love. 4. What can we learn about sweet potatoes? A. They can be cooked in various ways. B. They can be found easily in the US. C. They are too common to be loved. D. They are typical Thanksgiving food. 5. Why did many farmers once grow white potatoes instead of sweet potatoes? A. They were healthier and tasted better. B. They were encouraged by the authorities. C. They meant the higher productivity of the same land. D. They could adapt to the local environment better. 6. What do the underlined words “resilient to” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Responding quickly to something. B. Sticking closely to something. C. Depending mainly on something. D. Recovering easily from something. 7. What is the expression “sweet potato” used as in Zimbabwe? A. A romantic term. B. The magic words. C. An excellent idea. D. An honorary title. C Every year millions of electronics and electrical appliances (家用电器) are thrown away. This e-waste includes cellphones, computers, appliances and medical equipment. If not properly dealt with, e-waste can release (释放) up to 100 different chemicals into the environment. However, less than one quarter of the waste is reused. Most people will consider buying new electronics and electrical appliances if the old ones are out of order. About 80 percent of broken electronics are repairable. If anything isn’t done to encourage repairs, e-waste will grow to about 74 million tons by 2030. Now a new concept is hoping to change the facts on the ground by creating “fixing factories”. Two of the factories opened in Camden and Brent in the spring of 2023. The factories were inspired by the nonprofit Restart Project, which began holding repair parties about ten years ago. People were invited to have their electronics repaired over a cup of beer. “Camden is where we ran our first party almost 10 years ago, and we’ve enjoyed bringing our events to pubs, community centers, festivals, universities and other places,” said Fiona Dear, the charity’s co-director. “We hope the local fixing factory will provide an opportunity for people to take their out-of -order electronics or electrical appliances to us for repairs.” But the factories may not be enough, according to Dermot, project manager for the Camden branch, who has been repairing things in his whole life. “There need to be huge changes in the way our things are made,” he said. Changes in the industry to make electronics repairable are necessary. This change will make the world a greener and safer place. 8. What does the author say about e-waste? A. It is very easy to reuse. B. It is kept under control. C. It grows faster than expected. D. It does not get much attention. 9. What might be the goal of the fixing factories? A. To hold repair parties for people to have a good time. B. To make people take their broken electronics for repairs. C. To encourage people to reduce the use of electronics. D. To produce electronics that can be used for much longer. 10. How does Restart Project work according to the text? A. It offers help and support to factories. B. It holds fixing parties in various places. C. It cooperates with different organizations. D. It instructs people to use electronics wisely. 11. What is a good way to reduce e-waste according to Dermot? A. Producing enough high-quality electronics. B. Improving people’s ability to repair electronics. C. Designing electronics better to make them repairable. D. Building more factories to produce better electronics. D Bangladesh has a large population. The nation mainly grows rice. Growing rice requires a lot of water and energy, especially during the dry season from January to June when farmers mostly depend on bringing groundwater to the surface using a machine , which results in serious reduction (减少) of groundwater as well as contributes to greenhouse gas emissions (排放). Researchers from the University of Washington and Bangladesh’s Ministry of Agriculture have developed a system called Integrated Rice Advisory System (IRAS), which works by combining (结合) satellite (人造卫星) data on water use, rainfall, and weather reports with crop water demand characteristics (特点) to produce location-specific suggestions for farmers. The suggestions tell farmers how much water they have, how much they are using, and how much they need for their crops. They also remind farmers if they have over-or under-watered their fields. The IRAS team states that the system can help reduce agricultural water waste by about 30 percent, cut fuel (燃料) use by 45 percent, save $115 million yearly, and lower carbon emissions by 300,000 tons per year. IRAS is an example of how global cooperation and the sharing of important data among nations can help improve food safety, water management, and environmental protection around the world. “In addition to being affordable and convenient for farmers, the method can help the world become more water-saving and energy-saving in growing food,” said Faisal Hossain, professor at the University of Washington and leader of IRAS. The IRAS team completed its first nationwide effort in June 2023, after working with staff from Bangladesh’s Department of Agricultural Extension and Agro-Meteorological Information Service to set up the system. Faisal Hossain and his colleagues want to apply IRAS to other crops that demand large amounts of water in the future, like sugar cane. They believe that this affordable tool will be applied to any area where they know what crop is being grown and what their crop water demand characteristics are. 12. How does IRAS mainly serve farmers? A. By collecting data about weather. B. By observing the growth of crops. C. By guiding them on water management. D. By helping them look for new groundwater. 13. What does the author want to tell us by listing numbers? A. The benefits of the system. B. Researchers’ expectations for the system. C. Significance of global cooperation. D. The necessity of environmental protection. 14. What is Faisal Hossain’s attitude toward the system? A. Unclear. B. Amazed. C. Satisfied. D. Concerned. 15. What may the researchers do next? A. Teach farmers how to use IRAS. B. Try to broaden the reach of IRAS. C. Encourage international cooperation. D. Study characteristics of different crops. 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（每小题2.5分共12.5分） The Bai people mainly live in and around Yunnan’s famous Dali region. ___16___ The San Dao Cha or Three Courses of Tea ceremony is perhaps the finest example of their hospitality (好客). The first course begins by putting bitter (苦的) tea leaves in a pot over a small open fire. When the leaves turn brown, then boiled water is added to the pot. As the water is added, it creates such a loud sound that this course is commonly referred to as “Lei Xiang Cha” or “Thunderous Tea”. This process produces a small amount of tea that has a pleasant smell. ___17___ After all that bitterness, you’ll be glad that the second course is a sweet tea! It’s made by first adding a kind of cow’s milk cheese to the tea cup, along with tea leaves, brown sugar, etc. ___18___ And then the tea is offered to the guest. This tea is more like a soup but sweet! The third course is achieved by mixing honey, Sichuan pepper and slices of ginger (姜片) with a hot drink of Cangshan Xue green tea. ___19___ What’s more, the tea is spicy (辛辣的) and has a clear aftertaste that makes it known as “Hui Wei Cha” or “Reflection Tea”. ___20___ First you experience bitterness, then you feel happiness after defeating difficulties, and finally you reflect on your past. In terms of the stages of life, a young person goes through many challenges, a middle-aged person feels the sweetness of achievement, and an elderly person recollects (回忆) their experiences. A. It’s better to drink it when it is warm. B. Boiling water is then poured into the cup. C. The three types of tea reflect the course of life. D. Thus, the tea has all the tastes of the previous courses. E. Drinking tea is important for the traditional Bai’s way of life. F. However, it is so bitter that it may feel like a lightning strike to your tongue. G. They’re known for their generosity and the warm-hearted welcome to all guests. 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（每小题1分, 共15分） That was my second try to climb Ojos del Salado, the highest volcano in the world. I had ____21____ to make the climb with a local guide and we set off just after midnight. “You go first and I’ll ____22____ you,” he said. As the hours passed, the situation became increasingly ____23____ and I was afraid. Looking at the ____24____ behind me, I carefully listened to the sound of my guide’s steps but I was ____25____. Besides my breathing became slower, which ____26____ me. I had chronic asthma (慢性哮喘) as a child and I knew how terrible it was to run out of ____27____ . With great effort, I ____28____ reached the top where I took in the amazing views. On the way down, I met with my guide. He had come across a climber in danger, so he had to stop to ____29____ the man. I achieved my first Guinness World Record here, but my goal wasn’t ____30____ . While at the top of the volcano, I found a lake and I had a(n) ____31____. So I began planning the record for the world’s highest altitude (海拔) kayak (皮划艇) and the record for the world’ s highest altitude swim. My doctor ____32____ me, saying that the training for these activities would be ____33____ to me. However, I knew the pain would continue for only a short time but my ____34____ would last forever. Now, I’ m a three-time world record holder and I never imagined my love of ____35____ would take me so far. 21. A. decided B. managed C. continued D. dared 22. A. help B. spot C. teach D. follow 23. A. difficult B. unusual C. simple D. obvious 24. A. scenery B. distance C. crowd D. darkness 25. A. lost B. sad C. alone D. tired 26. A. frightened B. limited C. puzzled D. prevented 27. A. power B. breath C. cash D. time 28. A. naturally B. normally C. directly D. finally 29. A. visit B. seek C. save D. comfort 30. A. praised B. finished C. discussed D. mentioned 31. A. idea B. rest C. task D. secret 32. A. shocked B. calmed C. warned D. moved 33. A. unrelated B. painful C. beneficial D. important 34. A. principle B. feeling C. disease D. success 35. A. life B. exercise C. adventure D. nature 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题 一、语法填空（每小题1.5,分,共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For centuries , the Chinese have been pioneers in using creative ways to warm their homes and businesses. In ancient times, many Chinese homes ___36___ ( heat ) by burning wood or charcoal(木炭). This practice lasted until the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), at which point coal began to be used instead of wood or charcoal. The use of coal was especially ___37___ ( benefit ) in cities, where it was more easily accessible than wood or charcoal. During this time , the Chinese also pioneered a system known ___38___ “kang”, which had heated bricks under raised wooden flat surfaces to produce warmth during winter months. Nowadays, the main heating sources for most Chinese homes are electric radiators (电暖气)and central heating systems ___39___ ( power) by electricity or natural gas, ___40___ some traditional households (家庭) still make use of kang heating systems along with direct sunlight ___41___ (stay) warm during winter months. As China advances in technology, it is likely that these classic heating methods ___42___ (become) increasingly uncommon with time. The history of Chinese heating systems offer ____43____ interesting look into how people have adapted over time in order to remain comfortable during cold weather conditions. From burning wood and charcoal over open fires to ___44___ (use) kang systems and electric radiators, ____45____ is evident that the Chinese have always been good at keeping warm during winter months. 二. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。（每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 46. The guests from the UK were treated to some ________ (典型的) dishes of Sichuan cuisine. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. Our plan needs to be ________ (灵活的) enough to meet the need of everybody.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. I have to ________ (承认) the news came as a surprise. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. I have been _______ (fortune) enough to visit many parts of the world as a lecturer. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. This ________(joy) show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. The babysitter ________ (hire) to take after of the baby three months ago. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated ________ memory of the great poet Qu Yuan and we usually eat zongzi on that day. (用适当的词填空) 53. Being grateful ________ small things every day is a better way to improve wellbeing. (用适当的词填空) 54. Apart ________ reducing our stress, reading allows us to learn from great minds. (用适当的词填空) 55. Do you know the number of people ________ (come) to the party? (所给词的适当形式填空) 第二部分:书面表达(满分 25 分) 56. 假定英语课上，你班就“好学生都有哪些品质？”话题进行了一场讨论，同学们观点不同。请你给你校的英语刊物写一篇短文表达你的看法，你认为好学生应该具有哪些品质。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．题目已为你写好。 2．参考词汇：perseverance 毅力；discipline 自制力；motivation 动力；积极性 What makes a good student? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023—2024学年高一第二学期第二次考试 英语试卷 注意事项: 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡 上，写在本试卷上无效。 第Ⅰ卷 选择题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 5 小题:每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最 佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the man do ? A. Fix the heating. B. Contact a repairman. C. Check the apartment. 2. What do the speakers need to buy ? A. Juice. B. Biscuits. C. Hamburgers. 3. Where does the woman want to go ? A. The washroom. B. The boarding gate. C. The waiting hall. 4. How old is the woman ? A.18. B.30. C.48. 5.What are the speakers mainly talking about ? A. The colors of fish. B. The feelings of fish. C. The protection of fish. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个 选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的 时间阅读各个小题;听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman looking for ? A. A bag. B. A coat. C. A notebook. 7. Where is the man ? A. At his home. B. In an office. C. In a restaurant. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers ? A. Doctor and patient. B. Boss and secretary. C. Bank clerk and customer. 9. What did the man forget about ? A. Going to town. B. Meeting with Mrs Jones. C. Having a medical examination. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. Why did the man refuse the invitation ? A. He had to write a report. B. He had to have a picnic. C. He had to design a truck. 11. What are the trucks designed for ? A. Cleaning the street. B. Doing housework. C. Transporting rubbish. 12. What does the man say about the trucks ? A. They can move very fast. B. They can work well all day. C. They can recognise traffic lights. 13. What day is it today ? A. Wednesday. B. Tuesday. C. Monday. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the man probably do now ? A. A guide. B. A teacher. C. A journalist. 15. What will the man do on Friday afternoon ? A. Look after Belle. B. Attend a meeting. C. Do his paperwork. 16. Who is Iris probably ? A. The man’s kid. B. The man’s wife. C. The woman’s daughter. 17. When will the speakers meet ? A. At about 6:30 pm. B. At about 7:00 pm. C. At about 7:30 pm. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why does the speaker give the talk ? A. To announce the move of the restaurant. B. To ask employees to work overtime. C. To announce the opening of a new shop. 19. Who are most likely to listen to the talk ? A. House agents. B. Restaurant employees. C. Restaurant customers. 20. What is the speaker’s attitude toward the matter in general ? A. Positive. B. Doubtful , C. Concerned. 第二部分: 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（每小题2.5分共37.5分） A Most people think that the countries close to the Arctic Circle are the best places to see the northern lights because they’re in the “aurora zone(极光区)”. But you can also view the amazing night show in the following places. Reykjavik , Iceland There is little light pollution in Iceland so you can view the northern lights in Reykjavik but it is recommended that you take a tour outside of the city. Some of the best places to view the lights are in the Westfjords and the beaches around Vik. A winter vacation in Iceland has so much to offer. Fairbanks , Alaska The city lies directly beneath a band of auroral activity so it is a perfect place to view the northern lights. The shining lights are most often seen between 11 pm and 2 am , so don’t forget to set your alarm clock. You can enjoy a stay in a hot spring holiday centre and enjoy the show while taking a relaxing soak (浸泡). Troms ø , Norway If you travel to Troms ø, the sun doesn’t rise for weeks during the winter. This means more hours of darkness and much more time to view he lights. There’re many places in Norway to view the northern lights and to experience a winter wonderland. Swedish & Finnish Lapland Located north of the Arctic Circle in Northern Finland and Sweden ,Lapland has wonderful views of the lights. Rovaniemi in Finnish Lapland is a great place to take a family vacation. There’re enough daytime activities including sledding , ice fishing , and learning about the unique culture of the areA. Jukkasjärv in Sweden offers an Ice Hotel that is a perfect place for viewing the lights. 1. What makes it possible to see the northern lights in Reykjavík , Iceland ? A. Its good environment. B. Its many attractions. C. Its unique location. D. Its enough sunlight. 2. Which place may be a good choice for people who want to enjoy the northern lights for a longer time ? A. Fairbanks , Alaska. B. Troms ø, Norway. C. Rovaniemi , Finland. D. Jukkasj ä rv Sweden. 3. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text ? A. To explain why the northern lights can be seen. B. To show the best time to see the northern lights. C. To introduce countries close to the Arctic Circle. D. To recommend places to view the northern lights. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了除了靠近北极圈的国家外，冰岛雷克雅未克、阿拉斯加费尔班克斯、挪威特罗姆瑟和瑞典芬兰拉普兰等地也能观看北极光，并介绍了每个地点的独特优势。。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Reykjavik , Iceland中“There is little light pollution in Iceland so you can view the northern lights in Reykjavik but it is recommended that you take a tour outside of the city.( 冰岛几乎没有光污染，所以你可以在雷克雅未克看到北极光，但建议你到城外旅游。)”可知，冰岛的雷克雅未克光污染很少，这使得在那里能够看到北极光，光污染少属于环境方面的优势，所以是其良好的环境使得在雷克雅未克看到北极光成为可能。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Troms ø , Norway中“If you travel to Tromsø, the sun doesn’t rise for weeks during the winter. This means more hours of darkness and much more time to view the lights.( 如果你去特罗姆瑟旅行，冬天的几个星期太阳都不会升起。这意味着更长时间的黑暗和更多的时间来观看北极光。)” 可知，在挪威的特罗姆瑟，冬季太阳数周不升起，这意味着有更多的黑暗时间，也就有更多的时间观赏北极光。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章开头指出大多数人认为靠近北极圈的国家是看北极光的最佳地点，但也可以在以下地方观赏到这一神奇的夜间景象，然后分别介绍了冰岛的雷克雅未克、阿拉斯加的费尔班克斯、挪威的特罗姆瑟以及瑞典和芬兰的拉普兰这些观赏北极光的地点。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐观赏北极光的地点。故选D项。 B Growing up on a small farm in Zimbabwe, I liked to sing the song “That sweet potato in the pot. Who should I eat it with?”. In the early 1990s, the song was popularized by Zimbabwean musician Oliver Mtukudzi. After I moved to the US, it became my favorite Thanksgiving song as it celebrates both the amazing food and the joys of friendship. In my village, sweet potatoes came in many colors, shapes and tastes. My mother loved the easy preparation (boil and serve), but we also ate them uncooked or roasted them on an open fire. There is simply no bad way to prepare sweet potatoes. At some point sweet potatoes faded (逐渐消失) from our diets as more farmers started growing Irish white potatoes. It’s easy to understand why. They could grow more white potatoes than sweet potatoes in the same unit of land, and, what’s more, the white potatoes’ growing time was shorter. But the white potato is no match for the sweet potato in nutritional (营养的) value. Full of vitamins (维生素), sweet potatoes are as good as any superfood but cost much less. Despite having lower levels of vitamins, white potatoes became common. In the 1990s and early 2000s,sweet potatoes were largely ignored by agricultural development organizations. However, thanks to efforts to breed (培育) improved varieties of sweet potatoes, they’re making a comeback in many African countries. These varieties greatly benefit farmers more harvest for the same amount of effort. They’re sweeter to the taste. And they have higher levels of vitamin A than past generations of sweet potatoes. The sweet potato is also a “climate-smart” crop. It is resilient to drought and heat stress,thus offering small farmers a practical climate change adaptation strategy. More than a type of food, “sweet potato” is also a lovely expression used by many Zimbabweans. Men often write love letters with words like “You will forever be my sweet potato” or sign “Your sweet potato”. Very few foods have made this magical jump into the world of love. 4. What can we learn about sweet potatoes? A. They can be cooked in various ways. B. They can be found easily in the US. C. They are too common to be loved. D. They are typical Thanksgiving food. 5. Why did many farmers once grow white potatoes instead of sweet potatoes? A. They were healthier and tasted better. B. They were encouraged by the authorities. C. They meant the higher productivity of the same land. D. They could adapt to the local environment better. 6. What do the underlined words “resilient to” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Responding quickly to something. B. Sticking closely to something. C. Depending mainly on something. D. Recovering easily from something. 7. What is the expression “sweet potato” used as in Zimbabwe? A. A romantic term. B. The magic words. C. An excellent idea. D. An honorary title. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者主要介绍了自己家乡津巴布韦的食物红薯。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In my village, sweet potatoes came in many colors, shapes and tastes. My mother loved the easy preparation (boil and serve), but we also ate them uncooked or roasted them on an open fire. There is simply no bad way to prepare sweet potatoes.(在我的村子里，红薯有许多颜色、形状和口味。我妈妈喜欢这种简单的准备方法(煮熟后上桌)，但我们也会生吃，或者在明火上烤。做红薯没有什么不好的方法)”可知，可以用不同的方法烹饪红薯，故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“They could grow more white potatoes than sweet potatoes in the same unit of land, and, what’s more, the white potatoes’ growing time was shorter.(原因很容易理解。在同一单位土地上，他们种植的白马铃薯比红薯多，而且白马铃薯的生长时间更短)”可知，很多农民种植白马铃薯，而不是红薯，是因为同样的土地白马铃薯产量更高，故选C。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The sweet potato is also a ‘climate-smart’ crop.(红薯也是一种‘气候智能型’作物)”和下文“thus offering small farmers a practical climate change adaptation strategy(因此为小农提供了一种实用的气候变化适应策略)”可知，此处指红薯对干旱和高温有韧性、适应性强，和D项“很容易从某物中恢复”同义，故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Men often write love letters with words like ‘You will forever be my sweet potato’ or sign ‘Your sweet potato’. Very few foods have made this magical jump into the world of love.(男人在写情书时，通常会写上‘你永远是我的红薯’或‘你的红薯’。很少有食物能如此神奇地进入爱的世界)”可知，在津巴布韦红薯被用作一个浪漫的词语，故选A。 C Every year millions of electronics and electrical appliances (家用电器) are thrown away. This e-waste includes cellphones, computers, appliances and medical equipment. If not properly dealt with, e-waste can release (释放) up to 100 different chemicals into the environment. However, less than one quarter of the waste is reused. Most people will consider buying new electronics and electrical appliances if the old ones are out of order. About 80 percent of broken electronics are repairable. If anything isn’t done to encourage repairs, e-waste will grow to about 74 million tons by 2030. Now a new concept is hoping to change the facts on the ground by creating “fixing factories”. Two of the factories opened in Camden and Brent in the spring of 2023. The factories were inspired by the nonprofit Restart Project, which began holding repair parties about ten years ago. People were invited to have their electronics repaired over a cup of beer. “Camden is where we ran our first party almost 10 years ago, and we’ve enjoyed bringing our events to pubs, community centers, festivals, universities and other places,” said Fiona Dear, the charity’s co-director. “We hope the local fixing factory will provide an opportunity for people to take their out-of -order electronics or electrical appliances to us for repairs.” But the factories may not be enough, according to Dermot, project manager for the Camden branch, who has been repairing things in his whole life. “There need to be huge changes in the way our things are made,” he said. Changes in the industry to make electronics repairable are necessary. This change will make the world a greener and safer place. 8. What does the author say about e-waste? A. It is very easy to reuse. B. It is kept under control. C. It grows faster than expected. D. It does not get much attention. 9. What might be the goal of the fixing factories? A. To hold repair parties for people to have a good time. B. To make people take their broken electronics for repairs. C. To encourage people to reduce the use of electronics. D. To produce electronics that can be used for much longer. 10. How does Restart Project work according to the text? A. It offers help and support to factories. B. It holds fixing parties in various places. C. It cooperates with different organizations. D. It instructs people to use electronics wisely. 11. What is a good way to reduce e-waste according to Dermot? A. Producing enough high-quality electronics. B. Improving people’s ability to repair electronics. C. Designing electronics better to make them repairable. D Building more factories to produce better electronics. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电子垃圾日益增多，回收率低，如果不采取任何措施鼓励维修，到2030年，电子垃圾将增长到约7400万吨，两家工厂受到了非营利组织“重启项目”的启发，邀请人们边喝啤酒边修理电子设备，减少电子垃圾，使世界变得更加绿色和安全。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段中“However, less than one quarter of the waste is reused. Most people will consider buying new electronics and electrical appliances if the old ones are out of order. (然而，只有不到四分之一的废物被再利用。如果旧的电子产品和电器坏了，大多数人会考虑购买新的)”可知，旧的电子产品和电器坏了，多数人会买新的，只有不到四分之一的电子垃圾被再利用，可得出作者认为电子垃圾没有得到太多的关注。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段中“Now a new concept is hoping to change the facts on the ground by creating “fixing factories”. (现在，一个新概念希望通过创建“修理厂”来改变现实)”，第二段中“The factories were inspired by the nonprofit Restart Project, which began holding repair parties about ten years ago. People were invited to have their electronics repaired over a cup of beer. (这些工厂受到了非营利组织“重启项目”的启发，该项目大约十年前开始举办维修派对。人们被邀请边喝啤酒边修理电子设备)”和第三段中“We hope the local fixing factory will provide an opportunity for people to take their out-of -order electronics or electrical appliances to us for repairs. (我们希望当地的修理厂能为人们提供一个机会，让他们把故障的电子产品或电器带到我们这里进行维修)”可知，修理厂的目标是让人们把损坏的电子产品拿去修理。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段中“The factories were inspired by the nonprofit Restart Project, which began holding repair parties about ten years ago. People were invited to have their electronics repaired over a cup of beer. (这些工厂受到了非营利组织“重启项目”的启发，该项目大约十年前开始举办维修派对。人们被邀请边喝啤酒边修理电子设备)”和第三段中“Camden is where we ran our first party almost 10 years ago, and we’ve enjoyed bringing our events to pubs, community centers, festivals, universities and other places (卡姆登是我们近10年前举办第一次聚会的地方，我们很喜欢把我们的活动带到酒吧、社区中心、节日、大学和其他地方)”可知，重启项目在不同的地方举行固定聚会，邀请人们边喝啤酒边修理电子设备。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。由第四段中““There need to be huge changes in the way our things are made,” he said. Changes in the industry to make electronics repairable are necessary. This change will make the world a greener and safer place. (他说：“我们的生产方式需要做出巨大的改变。”改变行业以使电子产品可修复是必要的。这一变化将使世界变得更加绿色和安全)”可知，根据Dermot的说法，想要世界变得更加绿色和安全，减少电子垃圾的好方法是更好地设计电子设备，使其易于维修。故选C项。 D Bangladesh has a large population. The nation mainly grows rice. Growing rice requires a lot of water and energy, especially during the dry season from January to June when farmers mostly depend on bringing groundwater to the surface using a machine , which results in serious reduction (减少) of groundwater as well as contributes to greenhouse gas emissions (排放). Researchers from the University of Washington and Bangladesh’s Ministry of Agriculture have developed a system called Integrated Rice Advisory System (IRAS), which works by combining (结合) satellite (人造卫星) data on water use, rainfall, and weather reports with crop water demand characteristics (特点) to produce location-specific suggestions for farmers. The suggestions tell farmers how much water they have, how much they are using, and how much they need for their crops. They also remind farmers if they have over-or under-watered their fields. The IRAS team states that the system can help reduce agricultural water waste by about 30 percent, cut fuel (燃料) use by 45 percent, save $115 million yearly, and lower carbon emissions by 300,000 tons per year. IRAS is an example of how global cooperation and the sharing of important data among nations can help improve food safety, water management, and environmental protection around the world. “In addition to being affordable and convenient for farmers, the method can help the world become more water-saving and energy-saving in growing food,” said Faisal Hossain, professor at the University of Washington and leader of IRAS. The IRAS team completed its first nationwide effort in June 2023, after working with staff from Bangladesh’s Department of Agricultural Extension and Agro-Meteorological Information Service to set up the system. Faisal Hossain and his colleagues want to apply IRAS to other crops that demand large amounts of water in the future, like sugar cane. They believe that this affordable tool will be applied to any area where they know what crop is being grown and what their crop water demand characteristics are. 12. How does IRAS mainly serve farmers? A. By collecting data about weather. B. By observing the growth of crops. C. By guiding them on water management. D. By helping them look for new groundwater. 13. What does the author want to tell us by listing numbers? A. The benefits of the system. B. Researchers’ expectations for the system. C. Significance of global cooperation. D. The necessity of environmental protection. 14. What is Faisal Hossain’s attitude toward the system? A. Unclear. B. Amazed. C. Satisfied. D. Concerned. 15. What may the researchers do next? A. Teach farmers how to use IRAS. B. Try to broaden the reach of IRAS. C. Encourage international cooperation. D. Study characteristics of different crops. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。孟加拉国因种植水稻大量抽取地下水并排放温室气体，多国研究人员开发IRAS系统，结合卫星数据等为农民提供用水建议，可减少水和燃料浪费、降低碳排放，未来计划应用于其他需水量大的作物。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers from the University of Washington and Bangladesh’s Ministry of Agriculture have developed a system called Integrated Rice Advisory System (IRAS), which works by combining (结合) satellite (人造卫星) data on water use, rainfall, and weather reports with crop water demand characteristics (特点) to produce location-specific suggestions for farmers.(来自华盛顿大学和孟加拉国农业部研究人员共同开发了一种名为“综合水稻咨询系统”（IRAS）的系统。该系统通过将有关用水情况、降雨量和天气报告的卫星数据与作物用水需求特点相结合，为农民提供针对具体地点的建议)”可知，IRAS通过指导农民进行水资源管理为农民服务。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The IRAS team states that the system can help reduce agricultural water waste by about 30 percent, cut fuel (燃料) use by 45 percent, save $115 million yearly, and lower carbon emissions by 300,000 tons per year.( IRAS团队表示，该系统能够帮助减少约30%的农业用水浪费，降低45%的燃料消耗，每年节省1.15亿美元，并每年减少30万吨的碳排放)”可知，作者通过列举数字想要告诉我们这个系统的优点。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““In addition to being affordable and convenient for farmers, the method can help the world become more water-saving and energy-saving in growing food,” said Faisal Hossain, professor at the University of Washington and leader of IRAS.(华盛顿大学教授、国际水资源与农业研究组织负责人费萨尔·侯赛因表示：“这种方法不仅对农民来说经济实惠、方便实用，还能帮助全世界在粮食种植过程中实现更节水、更节能的目标。”)”可知，费萨尔·侯赛因对这个系统感到满意。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Faisal Hossain and his colleagues want to apply IRAS to other crops that demand large amounts of water in the future, like sugar cane. They believe that this affordable tool will be applied to any area where they know what crop is being grown and what their crop water demand characteristics are.(费萨尔·侯赛因及其团队希望将红外线遥感技术应用于未来需水量较大的其他作物上，比如甘蔗。他们认为，这种成本低廉的技术将适用于任何已知种植何种作物以及该作物的用水需求特征的区域)”可知，研究人员接下来可能会尝试扩大IRAS的覆盖范围。故选B。 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（每小题2.5分共12.5分） The Bai people mainly live in and around Yunnan’s famous Dali region. ___16___ The San Dao Cha or Three Courses of Tea ceremony is perhaps the finest example of their hospitality (好客). The first course begins by putting bitter (苦的) tea leaves in a pot over a small open fire. When the leaves turn brown, then boiled water is added to the pot. As the water is added, it creates such a loud sound that this course is commonly referred to as “Lei Xiang Cha” or “Thunderous Tea”. This process produces a small amount of tea that has a pleasant smell. ___17___ After all that bitterness, you’ll be glad that the second course is a sweet tea! It’s made by first adding a kind of cow’s milk cheese to the tea cup, along with tea leaves, brown sugar, etc. ___18___ And then the tea is offered to the guest. This tea is more like a soup but sweet! The third course is achieved by mixing honey, Sichuan pepper and slices of ginger (姜片) with a hot drink of Cangshan Xue green tea. ___19___ What’s more, the tea is spicy (辛辣的) and has a clear aftertaste that makes it known as “Hui Wei Cha” or “Reflection Tea”. ___20___ First you experience bitterness, then you feel happiness after defeating difficulties, and finally you reflect on your past. In terms of the stages of life, a young person goes through many challenges, a middle-aged person feels the sweetness of achievement, and an elderly person recollects (回忆) their experiences. A. It’s better to drink it when it is warm. B. Boiling water is then poured into the cup. C. The three types of tea reflect the course of life. D. Thus, the tea has all the tastes of the previous courses. E. Drinking tea is important for the traditional Bai’s way of life. F. However, it is so bitter that it may feel like a lightning strike to your tongue. G. They’re known for their generosity and the warm-hearted welcome to all guests. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. B 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了白族的三道茶仪式。 【16题详解】 根据下文“The San Dao Cha or Three Courses of Tea ceremony is perhaps the finest example of their hospitality (好客).(三道茶仪式或许是他们好客的最好体现)”可知，空处引出下文关于三道茶体现好客的内容。G选项“他们以慷慨大方和对所有客人的热情欢迎而闻名”中“generosity”和“warm-hearted welcome”与下文“hospitality”形成语义呼应，符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“The first course begins by putting bitter (苦的) tea leaves in a pot over a small open fire. When the leaves turn brown, then boiled water is added to the pot. As the water is added, it creates such a loud sound that this course is commonly referred to as “Lei Xiang Cha” or “Thunderous Tea”. This process produces a small amount of tea that has a pleasant smell.(第一道茶的制作始于将苦茶叶放入置于小火上的茶壶中。当茶叶变成褐色时，往壶中加入沸水。加水时会发出巨大的声响，因此这道茶通常被称为“雷响茶”。这一过程泡出的茶量不多，但香气宜人)” 可推知，上文描述第一道“雷响茶”的制作过程和香气，空处承接上文，介绍第一道茶的味道。F选项“然而，它非常苦，可能会让你的舌头感觉像被闪电击中一样”通过“however”转折，突出茶汤的苦味，与“bitter”形成原词复现，且“lightning strike”呼应上文“Thunderous Tea”的比喻。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据上文“It’s made by first adding a kind of cow’s milk cheese to the tea cup, along with tea leaves, brown sugar, etc. (它是先在茶杯中加入一种牛奶奶酪、茶叶、红糖等制作而成)”及下文“And then the tea is offered to the guest.(然后把茶递给客人)” 可知，空处应补充第二道茶制作的步骤，承上启下。B选项“然后把开水倒入杯子里”中的“then”体现步骤的连贯性，“poured into the cup”与上文“adding a kind of cow’s milk cheese to the tea cup”呼应，衔接制作流程，符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文“The third course is achieved by mixing honey, Sichuan pepper and slices of ginger (姜片) with a hot drink of Cangshan Xue green tea.(第三道茶是通过将蜂蜜、花椒、姜片与热的苍山雪绿茶混合而成)”介绍第三道茶的配料，及下文“What’s more, the tea is spicy (辛辣的) and has a clear aftertaste that makes it known as “Hui Wei Cha” or “Reflection Tea”.(此外，这种茶带有辛辣味，并有一种清新的余韵，因此被称为“回味茶”或“Reflection Tea”)”描述其辛辣口感，空处承上启下，说明第三道茶的味道特点。D选项“因此，这道茶有前几道茶的所有味道”总结第三道茶的口感层次，符合语境，故选D。 【20题详解】 根据下文“First you experience bitterness, then you feel happiness after defeating difficulties, and finally you reflect on your past. In terms of the stages of life, a young person goes through many challenges, a middle-aged person feels the sweetness of achievement, and an elderly person recollects (回忆) their experiences.(首先你体验苦味，然后在战胜困难后感到幸福，最后反思你的过去。就人生阶段而言，年轻人经历许多挑战，中年人感受到成就的甜蜜，老年人回忆他们的经历)”可知，空处作为段落开头，概括该段内容，说明三道茶与人生历程的联系。故C选项“这三种茶反映了人生历程”符合语境，故选C。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（每小题1分, 共15分） That was my second try to climb Ojos del Salado, the highest volcano in the world. I had ____21____ to make the climb with a local guide and we set off just after midnight. “You go first and I’ll ____22____ you,” he said. As the hours passed, the situation became increasingly ____23____ and I was afraid. Looking at the ____24____ behind me, I carefully listened to the sound of my guide’s steps but I was ____25____. Besides, my breathing became slower, which ____26____ me. I had chronic asthma (慢性哮喘) as a child and I knew how terrible it was to run out of ____27____ . With great effort, I ____28____ reached the top where I took in the amazing views. On the way down, I met with my guide. He had come across a climber in danger, so he had to stop to ____29____ the man. I achieved my first Guinness World Record here, but my goal wasn’t ____30____ . While at the top of the volcano, I found a lake and I had a(n) ____31____. So I began planning the record for the world’s highest altitude (海拔) kayak (皮划艇) and the record for the world’ s highest altitude swim. My doctor ____32____ me, saying that the training for these activities would be ____33____ to me. However, I knew the pain would continue for only a short time but my ____34____ would last forever. Now, I’ m a three-time world record holder and I never imagined my love of ____35____ would take me so far. 21 A. decided B. managed C. continued D. dared 22. A. help B. spot C. teach D. follow 23. A. difficult B. unusual C. simple D. obvious 24. A. scenery B. distance C. crowd D. darkness 25. A. lost B. sad C. alone D. tired 26. A. frightened B. limited C. puzzled D. prevented 27. A. power B. breath C. cash D. time 28. A. naturally B. normally C. directly D. finally 29. A. visit B. seek C. save D. comfort 30. A. praised B. finished C. discussed D. mentioned 31. A. idea B. rest C. task D. secret 32. A. shocked B. calmed C. warned D. moved 33. A. unrelated B. painful C. beneficial D. important 34. A. principle B. feeling C. disease D. success 35. A. life B. exercise C. adventure D. nature 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者第二次攀登世界最高火山奥霍斯-德尔萨拉多，独自登顶后萌发在山顶湖划皮艇和游泳的想法，最终成为三项世界纪录保持者。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定由一位当地向导陪同进行这次攀登，于是我们在午夜过后不久就出发了。A. decided决定；B. managed设法；C. continued继续；D. dared敢。根据后文“to make the climb with a local guide”指作者决定在向导的陪同下进行攀登，故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你先走，我随后跟上。”他说道。A. help帮助；B. spot发现；C. teach教学；D. follow跟随。根据上文“You go first and I’ll”可知，向导让作者先走，他随后跟上。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，情况变得愈发艰难，我感到很害怕。A. difficult困难的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. simple简单的；D. obvious明显的。根据后文“and I was afraid”可知，作者害怕是因为情况变得困难起来，故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：望着身后的黑暗，我仔细聆听着向导的脚步声，但我却独自一人。A. scenery风景；B. distance距离；C. crowd人群；D. darkness黑暗。根据上文“after midnight”可知，作者身处黑暗之中。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：望着身后的黑暗，我仔细聆听着向导的脚步声，但我却独自一人。A. lost迷失的；B. sad悲伤的；C. alone孤单的；D. tired疲惫的。根据上文讲“向导让作者先走，他随后跟上”和“I carefully listened to the sound of my guide’s steps but I was”中but表示转折，推测作者仔细聆听着向导的脚步声，但是独自一人。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，我的呼吸变得越来越缓慢，这让我感到害怕。A. frightened使害怕；B. limited限制；C. puzzled使困惑；D. prevented阻止。根据上文“I was afraid”以及“my breathing became slower”可知，呼吸变慢让作者害怕，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我小时候患有慢性哮喘，深知上气不接下气是多么痛苦的事情。A. power力量；B. breath呼吸；C. cash现金；D. time时间。根据上文“I had chronic asthma”可知，慢性哮喘会上气不接下气（run out of breath），故选B。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：经过一番艰难的努力，我终于登上了山顶，从那里我饱览了那令人惊叹的美景。A. naturally自然地；B. normally正常地；C. directly直接地；D. finally终于，最后。根据后文“reached the top”指作者终于登上了山顶。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他遇到了一位身处险境的登山者，于是他不得不停下来去救助那个人。A. visit参观；B. seek寻找；C. save挽救；D. comfort安慰。根据上文“He had come across a climber in danger”可知，向导遇到了一位身处险境的登山者，不得不停下来去救助那个人。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在这里创下了自己的首个吉尼斯世界纪录，但我的目标还没有完成。A. praised赞美；B. finished完成，结束；C. discussed讨论；D. mentioned提及。根据上文“my goal wasn’t”指完成目标用动词finish。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在火山山顶时，我发现了一个湖泊，然后我有了一个想法。A. idea想法；B. rest休息；C. task任务；D. secret秘密。根据后文“So I began planning the record for the world’s highest altitude kayak and the record for the world’s highest altitude swim.(于是，我开始着手制定两项新的纪录：一项是关于在世界最高海拔进行皮划艇运动的纪录，另一项是关于在世界最高海拔进行游泳的纪录)”可知，作者有了新的想法，开始着手制定两项新的纪录。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的医生警告我说，进行这些活动的训练过程对我来说会很痛苦。A. shocked使震惊；B. calmed使平静；C. warned警告；D. moved移动。根据后文“I knew the pain”可知，医生警告训练会有痛苦。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的医生警告我说，进行这些活动的训练过程对我来说会很痛苦。A. unrelated无关的；B. painful痛苦的；C. beneficial有益的；D. important重要的。根据后文“I knew the pain”可知，训练过程是痛苦的。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我知道这种痛苦只会持续很短的时间，而我的成功将会永远持续下去。A. principle原则；B. feeling感觉；C. disease疾病；D. success成功。根据后文“would last forever”可知，永远持续下去的是成功。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，我已经三次获得世界纪录称号，而我从未想过自己对冒险的热爱竟能引领我走如此遥远的路程。A. life生活；B. exercise锻炼；C. adventure冒险；D. nature自然。根据上文“So I began planning the record for the world’s highest altitude kayak and the record for the world’s highest altitude swim.(于是，我开始着手制定两项新的纪录：一项是关于在世界最高海拔进行皮划艇运动的纪录，另一项是关于在世界最高海拔进行游泳的纪录)”可知，作者喜爱冒险。故选C。 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题 一、语法填空（每小题1.5,分,共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For centuries , the Chinese have been pioneers in using creative ways to warm their homes and businesses. In ancient times, many Chinese homes ___36___ ( heat ) by burning wood or charcoal(木炭). This practice lasted until the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), at which point coal began to be used instead of wood or charcoal. The use of coal was especially ___37___ ( benefit ) in cities, where it was more easily accessible than wood or charcoal. During this time , the Chinese also pioneered a system known ___38___ “kang”, which had heated bricks under raised wooden flat surfaces to produce warmth during winter months. Nowadays, the main heating sources for most Chinese homes are electric radiators (电暖气)and central heating systems ___39___ ( power) by electricity or natural gas, ___40___ some traditional households (家庭) still make use of kang heating systems along with direct sunlight ___41___ (stay) warm during winter months. As China advances in technology, it is likely that these classic heating methods ___42___ (become) increasingly uncommon with time. The history of Chinese heating systems offer ____43____ interesting look into how people have adapted over time in order to remain comfortable during cold weather conditions. From burning wood and charcoal over open fires to ___44___ (use) kang systems and electric radiators, ____45____ is evident that the Chinese have always been good at keeping warm during winter months. 【答案】36. were heated 37. beneficial 38. as 39. powered 40. but 41. to stay 42. will become 43. an 44. using 45. It 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文是关于中国取暖系统历史的介绍。 【36题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：在古代，许多中国家庭通过燃烧木材或木炭来取暖。“homes”与 “heat”之间是被动关系，且根据“ancient times”可知，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“homes”是复数，be 动词用were，“heat”的过去分词是“heated”。故填were heated。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：煤炭的使用在城市中特别有益，因为在城市里，煤炭比木材或木炭更容易获取。这里作表语，用形容词，“benefit”的形容词形式是“beneficial”，意为“有益的”。故填beneficial。 【38题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：在这段时间里，中国人还开创了一种名为 “炕” 的系统，在抬高的木质平面下有加热的砖块，在冬季产生热量。“be known as...”是固定搭配，意为“被称为……”符合句意。故填as。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，大多数中国家庭的主要取暖来源是电暖气以及由电力或天然气驱动的集中供暖系统，但一些传统家庭在冬季仍然使用炕取暖系统以及直接利用阳光来保暖。“central heating systems”与“power”之间是被动关系，即集中供暖系统被驱动，用过去分词作后置定语。故填powered。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：如今，大多数中国家庭的主要取暖来源是电暖气以及由电力或天然气驱动的集中供暖系统，但一些传统家庭在冬季仍然使用炕取暖系统以及直接利用阳光来保暖。前后句是转折关系，用“but”连接，意为“但是”。故填but。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，大多数中国家庭的主要取暖来源是电暖气以及由电力或天然气驱动的集中供暖系统，但一些传统家庭在冬季仍然使用炕取暖系统以及直接利用阳光来保暖。“to stay” 表示目的，即使用炕取暖系统和利用阳光的目的是保暖。故填to stay。 【42题详解】 考查时态。句意：随着中国技术的进步，随着时间的推移，这些传统的取暖方式可能会越来越不常见。空处为从句的谓语动词，根据“it is likely that...”以及“with time” 可知，这里表示将来的情况，用一般将来时，结构为“will + 动词原形”。故填will become。 【43题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：中国供暖系统的历史为我们提供了一个有趣的视角，让我们了解人们如何随着时间的推移进行适应，以便在寒冷的天气条件下保持舒适。表示“提供一个对…… 有趣的视角”，为泛指，且“interesting”发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从在明火上燃烧木材和木炭到使用炕系统和电暖气，很明显，中国人一直擅长在冬季保暖。“from...to...”中“to”是介词，后接动名词作宾语，“use”的动名词形式是“using”。故填using。 【45题详解】 考查 it 作形式主语。句意：从在明火上燃烧木材和木炭到使用炕系统和电暖气，很明显，中国人一直擅长在冬季保暖。“It is evident that...”是固定句型，其中“it”作形式主语，真正的主语是“that”引导的从句。故填It。 二. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。（每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 46. The guests from the UK were treated to some ________ (典型的) dishes of Sichuan cuisine. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】typical 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：来自英国的客人们品尝了一些典型的川菜。根据单词汉语提示及空后的dishes可知应填形容词形式typical，作定语，故填typical。 47. Our plan needs to be ________ (灵活的) enough to meet the need of everybody.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】flexible 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的计划需要足够灵活，以满足每个人的需要。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词flexible，作表语。故填flexible。 48. I have to ________ (承认) the news came as a surprise. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】admit 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我得承认这消息来得很意外。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词admit“承认”，满足句意要求，结合空前have to为情态动词，所以为动词原形。故填admit。 49. I have been _______ (fortune) enough to visit many parts of the world as a lecturer. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】fortunate 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我有幸作为讲师访问过世界上许多地方。根据“to visit many parts of the world as a lecturer”可知，此处是指非常幸运的，所以应用形容词fortunate表示“幸运的”作表语。故填fortunate。 50. This ________(joy) show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】joyful 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这场欢乐的表演将使每个人都高兴，从最年轻的到最年长的。所填应是形容词作定语，修饰名词“show”。“joy”，名词，意为“欢欣，高兴”，其形容词形式为“joyful(高兴的，令人愉快的)”。故填joyful。 51. The babysitter ________ (hire) to take after of the baby three months ago. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was hired 【解析】 【详解】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：三个月前，这个保姆被雇来照顾这个婴儿。根据时间状语three months ago可知，时态应用一般过去时，本句主语The babysitter和hire“雇佣”之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时被动语态，主语The babysitter为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was hired。 52. The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated ________ memory of the great poet Qu Yuan and we usually eat zongzi on that day. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】in 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：端午节是为了纪念伟大的诗人屈原而设立的，我们通常在这一天吃粽子。短语in memory of表示“为纪念”。故填in。 53. Being grateful ________ small things every day is a better way to improve wellbeing. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：每天对小事心存感激是提升幸福感一个更好的方式。固定短语be grateful for，表示“对……心存感激”，for为介词。故填for。 54. Apart ________ reducing our stress, reading allows us to learn from great minds. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】from 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：除了减轻我们的压力，阅读还能让我们向伟大的思想家学习。固定短语apart from，表示“除了……（还）”，from为介词。故填from。 55. Do you know the number of people ________ (come) to the party? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】coming 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你知道来参加聚会的人数吗？本句谓语为know，此处为非谓语动词，且people与come“来”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语，修饰people。故填coming。 第二部分:书面表达(满分 25 分) 56. 假定英语课上，你班就“好学生都有哪些品质？”话题进行了一场讨论，同学们观点不同。请你给你校的英语刊物写一篇短文表达你的看法，你认为好学生应该具有哪些品质。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．题目已为你写好。 2．参考词汇：perseverance 毅力；discipline 自制力；motivation 动力；积极性 What makes a good student? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文： What makes a good student ? As for the topic “What makes a good student?”, different students hold different opinions. In my opinion, firstly, what makes a good student is perseverance and self-discipline. To achieve our goal, we have to keep working hard and keep good disciplines. In addition, good students should be hard-working and be eager to study. Last but not least, they should have a keen interest, the motivation to study and the passion for what they’re studying. In conclusion , only if we have many good virtues can we become a good student 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于投稿征文。要求考生给学校的英语刊物写一篇短文表达看法，好学生应该具有哪些品质。 【详解】1.词汇积累 主题：topic→theme 此外：in addition→besides 热情：passion→enthusiasm 总之：in conclusion→in a word 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To achieve our goal, we have to keep working hard and keep good disciplines. 拓展句：If we want to achieve our goal, we have to keep working hard and keep good disciplines. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In conclusion, only if we have many good virtues can we become a good student（运用了倒装句） 【高分句型2】To achieve our goal, we have to keep working hard and keep good disciplines.（运用了不定式作目的状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$