专题09 语法知识之简单句与并列句(复合句概述)-2025年暑假新七年级英语衔接学习与能力提升专练(通用版)

2025-06-18
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2025年暑假新七年级英语衔接学习系列 专题09 语法知识之简单句与并列句(复合句概述) 简单句、并列句与复合句是英语句子的基本分类,核心区别在于结构复杂度及分句关系。简单句由单个主谓结构构成,如 “I love reading”,可包含宾语、定语等修饰成分;并列句通过并列连词(如 and、but、or)连接两个或多个独立分句,分句间地位平等,如 “She studied hard, and she passed the exam”;复合句则包含一个主句和至少一个从句,从句依赖主句存在,按功能分为名词性从句(作主语、宾语等,如 “That she left surprised me”)、定语从句(修饰名词,如 “The book which I bought is interesting”)和状语从句(表时间、条件等,如 “When he arrives, we will start”)。三者中,简单句结构最基础,并列句侧重分句间的逻辑关联,复合句则通过从句拓展语义层次,共同构成英语句子的基本框架。 一、简单句 (一)定义 简单句是只包含一个主谓结构的句子。它可以有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语),还可能带有宾语、表语、定语、状语等其他成分 。简单句能表达一个完整且相对简单的意思。 (二)基本句型 1.主谓(S + V) 此句型中,主语(S)是动作的执行者,谓语(V)为不及物动词,用来描述主语所进行的动作,后面不需要接宾语。 例句:The birds fly.(鸟儿飞翔。) 分析:“The birds” 是主语,表示动作的发出者;“fly” 是不及物动词作谓语,说明主语 “鸟儿” 的动作。 2.主系表(S + V + P) 主语(S)之后连接系动词(V),系动词本身有一定词义,但不能单独作谓语,需与后面的表语(P)一起构成谓语部分,用来说明主语的身份、性质、状态等。常见的系动词有 be(am, is, are)、look(看起来)、seem(似乎)、become(变得)、feel(感觉)、taste(尝起来)、smell(闻起来)等。 例句:The cake tastes delicious.(蛋糕尝起来很美味。) 分析:“The cake” 是主语;“tastes” 是系动词,表明主语的特征;“delicious” 是形容词作表语,对主语 “蛋糕” 的味道特征进行描述。 3.主谓宾(S + V + O) 主语(S)发出动作,谓语(V)为及物动词,该动作作用于宾语(O),宾语是动作的对象。 例句:He likes apples.(他喜欢苹果。) 分析:“He” 是主语,是 “喜欢” 这个动作的执行者;“likes” 是及物动词作谓语;“apples” 是宾语,是 “喜欢” 这一动作的对象。 4.主谓双宾(S + V + IO + DO) 主语(S)发出动作,谓语(V)后面接两个宾语,间接宾语(IO)通常指人,直接宾语(DO)通常指物。间接宾语和直接宾语都是谓语动词的对象,间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。常见带双宾语的动词有 give(给)、bring(带来)、show(展示)、send(发送)、teach(教)、tell(告诉)、buy(买)等。 例句:My mother gives me a gift.(我妈妈给我一份礼物。) 分析:“My mother” 是主语;“gives” 是谓语动词;“me” 是间接宾语,表示动作的对象是 “我”;“a gift” 是直接宾语,表示具体的物品。 5.主谓宾补(S + V + O + C) 主语(S)发出动作,谓语(V)后面接宾语(O),宾语补足语(C)用来补充说明宾语的情况,使句子的意义更加完整。宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、分词等充当。 例句:We make the room clean.(我们使房间干净。) 分析:“We” 是主语;“make” 是谓语动词;“the room” 是宾语;“clean” 是形容词作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语 “the room” 的状态。 英语句子按使用目的分类,可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。具体如下: ①陈述句:用于说明一个事实或陈述看法,可分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。例如 “She is at home.”(她在家。)是肯定陈述句;“He doesn't speak English.”(他不讲英语。)是否定陈述句。 ②疑问句:用于提出问题,主要有以下四种: 一般疑问句:通常用来询问事实或情况,可用 yes 或 no 回答。如 “Is this your pencil?”(这是你的铅笔吗?) 特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what、where、when、who、why、how 等)开头,询问具体的内容。例如 “Where do you live?”(你住哪儿?) 选择疑问句:提供两种或多种情况供对方选择,不用 yes 或 no 回答。如 “Would you like tea or juice?”(你想要茶还是果汁?) 反意疑问句:由陈述句和简短的疑问句两部分组成,前一部分陈述事实,后一部分用来反问。例如 “He is a student, isn't he?”(他是个学生,不是吗?) ③祈使句:用于提出请求、建议或发出命令等。通常省略主语 you,谓语动词用原形。如 “Sit down, please.”(请坐。)“Don't be late.”(别迟到。) ④感叹句:用于表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。常见结构有 “What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!” 和 “How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!”。例如 “What a beautiful flower it is!”(多漂亮的一朵花啊!)“How fast he runs!”(他跑得真快啊!) 二、并列句 (一)定义 并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句通过并列连词连接起来的句子。这些简单句在语法上地位平等,彼此独立,分别表达不同但又相关的意思,它们共同构成一个完整的语义整体 。 (二)并列连词分类 1.表示并列关系:常见的并列连词有 and(和,并且)、both…and…(两者都)、not only…but also…(不但…… 而且……)、neither…nor…(既不…… 也不……)等。 例句:I like singing and she likes dancing.(我喜欢唱歌,她喜欢跳舞。) 分析:“and” 连接两个简单句 “I like singing” 和 “she likes dancing”,表示这两个动作或喜好是并列存在的。 2.表示转折关系:常用的连词有 but(但是)、while(然而)、yet(然而)等。 例句:He is rich, but he is not happy.(他很富有,但是他不快乐。) 分析:“but” 连接前后两个语义相反的简单句,突出了 “富有” 和 “不快乐” 之间的转折对比。 3.表示选择关系:这类连词有 or(或者,否则)、either…or…(要么…… 要么……)等。 例句:Hurry up, or you will be late.(快点,否则你会迟到。) 分析:“or” 连接两个简单句,前一句 “Hurry up” 表示一种建议或要求,后一句 “you will be late” 表示不这样做的后果,二者构成选择关系。 4.表示因果关系:常见的有 so(所以)、for(因为)等。需要注意的是,“for” 引导的原因分句通常置于主句之后,对前面的内容进行解释说明,它是一个并列连词,而 “because” 引导原因状语从句,是从属连词。 例句:It rained heavily, so we didn't go to the park.(雨下得很大,所以我们没去公园。) 分析:“so” 连接两个简单句,前一句 “It rained heavily” 是原因,后一句 “we didn't go to the park” 是结果,“so” 体现了因果关系。 三、复合句 (一)定义 复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句是句子的主体,能独立表达完整的意思;从句则是一个句子成分,不能独立存在,它在主句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等不同的成分,通过从属连词与主句连接,使整个句子的语义更加丰富和复杂 。 (二)从句类型 1.名词性从句 主语从句:在复合句中充当主语的从句。例如:What he said is true.(他所说的是真的。)“What he said” 是主语从句,在整个句子中作主语。 宾语从句:在复合句中充当宾语的从句。例如:I know that he is a good student.(我知道他是个好学生。)“that he is a good student” 是宾语从句,作动词 “know” 的宾语。 表语从句:在复合句中充当表语的从句。例如:The problem is how we can get there.(问题是我们如何能到达那里。)“how we can get there” 是表语从句,在句中作 “is” 的表语。 同位语从句:对前面的名词作进一步解释说明,与该名词在内容上为同一关系。例如:The news that we won the game is exciting.(我们赢得比赛的消息令人兴奋。)“that we won the game” 是同位语从句,解释说明 “news” 的具体内容。 2.定语从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。例如:The boy who is wearing a red coat is my brother.(那个穿着红色外套的男孩是我的弟弟。)“who is wearing a red coat” 是定语从句,先行词是 “the boy”,“who” 在从句中作主语,用来修饰 “the boy”。 3.状语从句 在复合句中作状语,用来修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。根据其表达的含义,可分为时间状语从句(如:When I got home, my mother was cooking. 当我到家时,妈妈正在做饭。)、原因状语从句(如:I didn't go to school because I was ill. 我没去上学因为我生病了。)、条件状语从句(如:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。)、结果状语从句(如:He got up late so that he missed the bus. 他起床晚了,结果错过了公交车。)等多种类型。 一、单项选择 1.The sentence “He runs fast.” belongs to the structure ________. A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+P D.S+V+IO+DO 2.The sentence structure of “Mr Zhang teaches us English.” is _________. A.S+V+DO B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V+DO+OC D.S+V+P 3.What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “They are swimming in the river now.”? A.S+V+P B.S+V C.S+V+O D.S+V+O+OC 4.What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “My mother gave me a book.”? A.S+V+O B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V D.S+V+O+OC 5.Which is the sentence pattern of “He bought you a dictionary yesterday.”? A.S+V+O B.S+Ⅴ+IO+DO C.S+V D.S+V+O+OC 6.________ a new library built in our community next year. A.There is B.There was C.There will be D.There are 7.— ________ there a school here? —Yes, ________. A.Is; there is B.Is; it is C.Are; there are D.Are; they are 8.________ interesting the storybook is! A.What B.What an C.How D.How an 9.—________ times a week do your parents allow you to watch TV? —Only once. When my favorite TV program “Running Man” is on. A.How many B.How soon C.How long D.How often 10.—Daniel, _______ football in the street. It’s too dangerous. —OK, Mum. I won’t do that again. A.not play B.can’t play C.don’t play D.doesn’t play 11.Helen does not ________ well in Chinese. A.do B.does C.doing D.did 12.—Did you see any pens on the desk? —________. But I saw some pencils. A.Yes, I did B.Yes, I was C.No, I wasn’t D.No, I didn’t 13.Be careful. The pair of glasses ________ on the chair. A.are B.is C.aren’t D.isn’t 14.Jack __________ school today. A.does have B.doesn’t have C.do have D.don’t have 15.—May I speak to Helen? —________ A.Yes, please. B.Yes, you will. C.Yes, speaking. D.Yes, I am. 16.—Shall I play football? —________ (不,不要) A.No, you won’t. B.Good idea! C.No, please don’t. D.No, thanks. 17.—________ close the door? —OK! A.Could you B.Let’s C.Don’t D.Please 18.—________ you like some noodles? —Yes, please. A.Can B.Would C.Do D.Are 19.—______ is it from your home to Jilin Science and Technology Museum? —About 20 minutes on foot. A.How often B.How long C.How far D.How old 20.—______ did you have for breakfast today? —Some bread and juice. A.What B.Why C.Where D.How 21.—It’s Father’s Day today, ________? —Yes, let’s buy a gift for Dad. A.isn’t he B.doesn’t it C.isn’t it D.does it 22.You used to like tests, ________? A.didn’t you B.usedn’t I C.didn’t I D.don’t you 23.I don’t think he will come to the party, ______? A.do I B.don’t I C.will he D.won’t he 24.—Which would you rather have, tea or coffee? — _____ A.Sure, I would. B.Yes, please. C.Yes, both. D.Neither, thank you. 25.—Jane! Would you like to study with AI teachers or real teachers? —______. They can notice my feelings and cheer me up. A.Yes, I will B.No, I won’t C.I prefer real teachers D.I prefer AI teachers 26.—Gao Ting, do you want to go swimming or skateboarding this afternoon? —________. The cool water will feel great on a hot day like this! A.Yes, I do B.No, I don’t C.I want to go skateboarding D.I want to go swimming 27.David, ________ to bed early, or you will feel sleepy in class tomorrow. A.go B.goes C.going D.to go 28.Don’t ________ loudly in the library. A.to talk B.talking C.talks D.talk 29.______ more books, and it can help you open up your mind. A.Read B.To read C.Reading D.Reads 30.What ________ amazing ostrich! It can run at ________ speed of over 70 km per hour. A./; a B./; an C.an; a D.an; an 31.________ interesting stories they were! I finished reading them in only one hour. A.What an B.How C.What D.What a 32.______ great news you bring to us! Let’s eat out to celebrate tonight. A.What a B.What C.How D.How a 33.Practice more, ________ you’ll do better in playing the piano. A.but B.or C.because D.and 34.This is Betty ________ she is my friend, ________ she is not in my class. A.and ; and B.but ; and C.and ; but D.but ; but 35.Tom has two cousins, and________ are engineers. A.both of whom B.both of them C.none of them D.either of them 36.—Who’s the girl over there? —I don’t know. Let’s _______ her. A.to go and meet B.to go and to meet C.go and to meet D.go and meet 37.—Ye Jiaying, the daughter of Chinese classical poetry, left us on November 24th, 2024. —That’s sad, ________ her books and thoughts will continue influencing people who love Chinese poems. A.so B.but C.if D.when 38.I have a basketball, ________ my brother doesn’t. A.but B.and C.so D.or 39.Tina is good at swimming, _________ she can’t play football. A.so B.because C.but D.or 40.Our school is not big, ________ it’s very beautiful. A.and B.but C.or D.so 41.The view from the top of Mount Lu is amazing, ________ it draws many tourists every year. A.when B.if C.so D.but 42.Peter’s mother likes apples, ________ she often buys them. A.so B.and C.or D.but 43.Happiness itself is different for everyone, ________ people explain it in different ways. A.until B.so C.unless D.though 44.It’s going to rain ________ you’d better take a raincoat with you. A.but B.if C.when D.so 45.—He must see a doctor right now, ________ he will be in danger. —OK. Let us send him to the hospital. A.and B.but C.or D.however 46.I must go back home before 11 p.m., ________ my father will be angry with me. A.and B.or C.so D.but 47.—Is your sister short_______tall? —She is tall. A.so B.or C.but D.and 48.Study harder, ________ you won't catch up with your classmates. A.or B.for C.since D.although 49.—The brown jacket is nice, ________ it doesn’t look good on me. —Why not try on the blue one? I think blue suits you fine. A.and B.so C.but D.or 50.—What a heavy rain! —You’d better set out a little earlier, ________ you’ll be late for school. A.and B.but C.or D.so 二、完形填空 阅读短文,从短文后每小题的四个选项中,选出最佳选项,填入空白处。 Cindy is an 8-year-old student. On a Monday afternoon, when she comes back home from 51 , her mum asks, “How is your day, Cindy?” “It’s not good, Mum. Maths is always 52 for me, and maths lessons are so 53 . I don’t like it at all.” Cindy says. “Have a break, Cindy. I want to buy some 54 . How about going to Mr Green’s food shop with 55 ?” Mum says. “OK,” Cindy says. After they get to the food shop, Mum says, “Cindy, we 56 three kilos of tomatoes and four kilos of carrots. Can you 57 them for me?” “Sure,” Cindy says and goes to take them. There are many kinds of vegetables at the shop, but Cindy 58 the tomatoes and carrots quickly. Then Cindy looks at the 59 of the vegetables and reads, “Tomatoes are 60 yuan a kilo and carrots are three yuan for two kilos.” Mum asks. “ 61 do we need to pay (支付)?” “Fifteen yuan!” Cindy says quickly. “You’re right, Cindy. You 62 the math problem! So, you see. Maths can be easy and 63 .” Mum says. I see. 64 , Mum. It’s really a useful 65 lesson for me,” Cindy says happily. 51.A.shop B.office C.school D.village 52.A.easy B.difficult C.interesting D.fun 53.A.amazing B.boring C.excellent D.cool 54.A.clothes B.balls C.vegetables D.books 55.A.us B.me C.her D.them 56.A.notice B.join C.mark D.need 57.A.get B.sell C.change D.help 58.A.knows B.finds C.watches D.finishes 59.A.colors B.numbers C.photos D.prices 60.A.two B.three C.four D.five 61.A.Why B.Where C.How much D.How long 62.A.blow out B.work out C.act out D.go out 63.A.similar B.excellent C.difficult D.interesting 64.A.Thanks B.Hello C.Please D.Morning 65.A.Chinese B.English C.maths D.biology 三、阅读理解 Every student has a schoolbag, but some students don’t like their schoolbags. Because a schoolbag makes them think of books and homework. My schoolbag is different. It is from my grandfather, and there is my name “Mary” on it. I love it because it has everything I need. I love books and my schoolbag keeps them for me. I don’t mean only schoolbooks. I mean my story books, too. Now I am reading Peter Rabbit. After that, I will read Tom Sawyer. My schoolbag also has my lunch box. Mom puts a good lunch in my schoolbag every school day. Sometimes she puts a note in it. That way, I feel happy all the afternoon. Sometimes my schoolbag is very heavy, but I don’t mind (介意). It has everything I need. It’s like a home on my back. 66.Who gives Mary the schoolbag? A.Her friend. B.Her grandfather. C.Her mother. D.Her father. 67.What is Peter Rabbit? A.A toy B.A pet. C.A book D.A subject. 68.What is in Mary’s schoolbag every school day? A.A rabbit. B.A baseball. C.A lunch box. D.A note. 69.Which one has the same meaning as “back” in “It’s like a home on my back.”? A.A baby monkey is on a mother monkey’s back. B.There is a blackboard at the back of the classroom. C.As your friend, I always back you. D.Some words are on the back page of the English book. 70.What does Mary think of her schoolbag? A.She loves it. B.She doesn’t mind it. C.She doesn’t like it. D.She doesn’t need it. 4 / 4 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 2025年暑假新七年级英语衔接学习系列 专题09 语法知识之简单句与并列句(复合句概述) 简单句、并列句与复合句是英语句子的基本分类,核心区别在于结构复杂度及分句关系。简单句由单个主谓结构构成,如 “I love reading”,可包含宾语、定语等修饰成分;并列句通过并列连词(如 and、but、or)连接两个或多个独立分句,分句间地位平等,如 “She studied hard, and she passed the exam”;复合句则包含一个主句和至少一个从句,从句依赖主句存在,按功能分为名词性从句(作主语、宾语等,如 “That she left surprised me”)、定语从句(修饰名词,如 “The book which I bought is interesting”)和状语从句(表时间、条件等,如 “When he arrives, we will start”)。三者中,简单句结构最基础,并列句侧重分句间的逻辑关联,复合句则通过从句拓展语义层次,共同构成英语句子的基本框架。 一、简单句 (一)定义 简单句是只包含一个主谓结构的句子。它可以有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语),还可能带有宾语、表语、定语、状语等其他成分 。简单句能表达一个完整且相对简单的意思。 (二)基本句型 1.主谓(S + V) 此句型中,主语(S)是动作的执行者,谓语(V)为不及物动词,用来描述主语所进行的动作,后面不需要接宾语。 例句:The birds fly.(鸟儿飞翔。) 分析:“The birds” 是主语,表示动作的发出者;“fly” 是不及物动词作谓语,说明主语 “鸟儿” 的动作。 2.主系表(S + V + P) 主语(S)之后连接系动词(V),系动词本身有一定词义,但不能单独作谓语,需与后面的表语(P)一起构成谓语部分,用来说明主语的身份、性质、状态等。常见的系动词有 be(am, is, are)、look(看起来)、seem(似乎)、become(变得)、feel(感觉)、taste(尝起来)、smell(闻起来)等。 例句:The cake tastes delicious.(蛋糕尝起来很美味。) 分析:“The cake” 是主语;“tastes” 是系动词,表明主语的特征;“delicious” 是形容词作表语,对主语 “蛋糕” 的味道特征进行描述。 3.主谓宾(S + V + O) 主语(S)发出动作,谓语(V)为及物动词,该动作作用于宾语(O),宾语是动作的对象。 例句:He likes apples.(他喜欢苹果。) 分析:“He” 是主语,是 “喜欢” 这个动作的执行者;“likes” 是及物动词作谓语;“apples” 是宾语,是 “喜欢” 这一动作的对象。 4.主谓双宾(S + V + IO + DO) 主语(S)发出动作,谓语(V)后面接两个宾语,间接宾语(IO)通常指人,直接宾语(DO)通常指物。间接宾语和直接宾语都是谓语动词的对象,间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。常见带双宾语的动词有 give(给)、bring(带来)、show(展示)、send(发送)、teach(教)、tell(告诉)、buy(买)等。 例句:My mother gives me a gift.(我妈妈给我一份礼物。) 分析:“My mother” 是主语;“gives” 是谓语动词;“me” 是间接宾语,表示动作的对象是 “我”;“a gift” 是直接宾语,表示具体的物品。 5.主谓宾补(S + V + O + C) 主语(S)发出动作,谓语(V)后面接宾语(O),宾语补足语(C)用来补充说明宾语的情况,使句子的意义更加完整。宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、分词等充当。 例句:We make the room clean.(我们使房间干净。) 分析:“We” 是主语;“make” 是谓语动词;“the room” 是宾语;“clean” 是形容词作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语 “the room” 的状态。 英语句子按使用目的分类,可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。具体如下: ①陈述句:用于说明一个事实或陈述看法,可分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。例如 “She is at home.”(她在家。)是肯定陈述句;“He doesn't speak English.”(他不讲英语。)是否定陈述句。 ②疑问句:用于提出问题,主要有以下四种: 一般疑问句:通常用来询问事实或情况,可用 yes 或 no 回答。如 “Is this your pencil?”(这是你的铅笔吗?) 特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what、where、when、who、why、how 等)开头,询问具体的内容。例如 “Where do you live?”(你住哪儿?) 选择疑问句:提供两种或多种情况供对方选择,不用 yes 或 no 回答。如 “Would you like tea or juice?”(你想要茶还是果汁?) 反意疑问句:由陈述句和简短的疑问句两部分组成,前一部分陈述事实,后一部分用来反问。例如 “He is a student, isn't he?”(他是个学生,不是吗?) ③祈使句:用于提出请求、建议或发出命令等。通常省略主语 you,谓语动词用原形。如 “Sit down, please.”(请坐。)“Don't be late.”(别迟到。) ④感叹句:用于表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。常见结构有 “What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!” 和 “How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!”。例如 “What a beautiful flower it is!”(多漂亮的一朵花啊!)“How fast he runs!”(他跑得真快啊!) 二、并列句 (一)定义 并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句通过并列连词连接起来的句子。这些简单句在语法上地位平等,彼此独立,分别表达不同但又相关的意思,它们共同构成一个完整的语义整体 。 (二)并列连词分类 1.表示并列关系:常见的并列连词有 and(和,并且)、both…and…(两者都)、not only…but also…(不但…… 而且……)、neither…nor…(既不…… 也不……)等。 例句:I like singing and she likes dancing.(我喜欢唱歌,她喜欢跳舞。) 分析:“and” 连接两个简单句 “I like singing” 和 “she likes dancing”,表示这两个动作或喜好是并列存在的。 2.表示转折关系:常用的连词有 but(但是)、while(然而)、yet(然而)等。 例句:He is rich, but he is not happy.(他很富有,但是他不快乐。) 分析:“but” 连接前后两个语义相反的简单句,突出了 “富有” 和 “不快乐” 之间的转折对比。 3.表示选择关系:这类连词有 or(或者,否则)、either…or…(要么…… 要么……)等。 例句:Hurry up, or you will be late.(快点,否则你会迟到。) 分析:“or” 连接两个简单句,前一句 “Hurry up” 表示一种建议或要求,后一句 “you will be late” 表示不这样做的后果,二者构成选择关系。 4.表示因果关系:常见的有 so(所以)、for(因为)等。需要注意的是,“for” 引导的原因分句通常置于主句之后,对前面的内容进行解释说明,它是一个并列连词,而 “because” 引导原因状语从句,是从属连词。 例句:It rained heavily, so we didn't go to the park.(雨下得很大,所以我们没去公园。) 分析:“so” 连接两个简单句,前一句 “It rained heavily” 是原因,后一句 “we didn't go to the park” 是结果,“so” 体现了因果关系。 三、复合句 (一)定义 复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句是句子的主体,能独立表达完整的意思;从句则是一个句子成分,不能独立存在,它在主句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等不同的成分,通过从属连词与主句连接,使整个句子的语义更加丰富和复杂 。 (二)从句类型 1.名词性从句 主语从句:在复合句中充当主语的从句。例如:What he said is true.(他所说的是真的。)“What he said” 是主语从句,在整个句子中作主语。 宾语从句:在复合句中充当宾语的从句。例如:I know that he is a good student.(我知道他是个好学生。)“that he is a good student” 是宾语从句,作动词 “know” 的宾语。 表语从句:在复合句中充当表语的从句。例如:The problem is how we can get there.(问题是我们如何能到达那里。)“how we can get there” 是表语从句,在句中作 “is” 的表语。 同位语从句:对前面的名词作进一步解释说明,与该名词在内容上为同一关系。例如:The news that we won the game is exciting.(我们赢得比赛的消息令人兴奋。)“that we won the game” 是同位语从句,解释说明 “news” 的具体内容。 2.定语从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。例如:The boy who is wearing a red coat is my brother.(那个穿着红色外套的男孩是我的弟弟。)“who is wearing a red coat” 是定语从句,先行词是 “the boy”,“who” 在从句中作主语,用来修饰 “the boy”。 3.状语从句 在复合句中作状语,用来修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。根据其表达的含义,可分为时间状语从句(如:When I got home, my mother was cooking. 当我到家时,妈妈正在做饭。)、原因状语从句(如:I didn't go to school because I was ill. 我没去上学因为我生病了。)、条件状语从句(如:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。)、结果状语从句(如:He got up late so that he missed the bus. 他起床晚了,结果错过了公交车。)等多种类型。 一、单项选择 1.The sentence “He runs fast.” belongs to the structure ________. A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+P D.S+V+IO+DO 2.The sentence structure of “Mr Zhang teaches us English.” is _________. A.S+V+DO B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V+DO+OC D.S+V+P 3.What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “They are swimming in the river now.”? A.S+V+P B.S+V C.S+V+O D.S+V+O+OC 4.What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “My mother gave me a book.”? A.S+V+O B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V D.S+V+O+OC 5.Which is the sentence pattern of “He bought you a dictionary yesterday.”? A.S+V+O B.S+Ⅴ+IO+DO C.S+V D.S+V+O+OC 6.________ a new library built in our community next year. A.There is B.There was C.There will be D.There are 7.— ________ there a school here? —Yes, ________. A.Is; there is B.Is; it is C.Are; there are D.Are; they are 8.________ interesting the storybook is! A.What B.What an C.How D.How an 9.—________ times a week do your parents allow you to watch TV? —Only once. When my favorite TV program “Running Man” is on. A.How many B.How soon C.How long D.How often 10.—Daniel, _______ football in the street. It’s too dangerous. —OK, Mum. I won’t do that again. A.not play B.can’t play C.don’t play D.doesn’t play 11.Helen does not ________ well in Chinese. A.do B.does C.doing D.did 12.—Did you see any pens on the desk? —________. But I saw some pencils. A.Yes, I did B.Yes, I was C.No, I wasn’t D.No, I didn’t 13.Be careful. The pair of glasses ________ on the chair. A.are B.is C.aren’t D.isn’t 14.Jack __________ school today. A.does have B.doesn’t have C.do have D.don’t have 15.—May I speak to Helen? —________ A.Yes, please. B.Yes, you will. C.Yes, speaking. D.Yes, I am. 16.—Shall I play football? —________ (不,不要) A.No, you won’t. B.Good idea! C.No, please don’t. D.No, thanks. 17.—________ close the door? —OK! A.Could you B.Let’s C.Don’t D.Please 18.—________ you like some noodles? —Yes, please. A.Can B.Would C.Do D.Are 19.—______ is it from your home to Jilin Science and Technology Museum? —About 20 minutes on foot. A.How often B.How long C.How far D.How old 20.—______ did you have for breakfast today? —Some bread and juice. A.What B.Why C.Where D.How 21.—It’s Father’s Day today, ________? —Yes, let’s buy a gift for Dad. A.isn’t he B.doesn’t it C.isn’t it D.does it 22.You used to like tests, ________? A.didn’t you B.usedn’t I C.didn’t I D.don’t you 23.I don’t think he will come to the party, ______? A.do I B.don’t I C.will he D.won’t he 24.—Which would you rather have, tea or coffee? — _____ A.Sure, I would. B.Yes, please. C.Yes, both. D.Neither, thank you. 25.—Jane! Would you like to study with AI teachers or real teachers? —______. They can notice my feelings and cheer me up. A.Yes, I will B.No, I won’t C.I prefer real teachers D.I prefer AI teachers 26.—Gao Ting, do you want to go swimming or skateboarding this afternoon? —________. The cool water will feel great on a hot day like this! A.Yes, I do B.No, I don’t C.I want to go skateboarding D.I want to go swimming 27.David, ________ to bed early, or you will feel sleepy in class tomorrow. A.go B.goes C.going D.to go 28.Don’t ________ loudly in the library. A.to talk B.talking C.talks D.talk 29.______ more books, and it can help you open up your mind. A.Read B.To read C.Reading D.Reads 30.What ________ amazing ostrich! It can run at ________ speed of over 70 km per hour. A./; a B./; an C.an; a D.an; an 31.________ interesting stories they were! I finished reading them in only one hour. A.What an B.How C.What D.What a 32.______ great news you bring to us! Let’s eat out to celebrate tonight. A.What a B.What C.How D.How a 33.Practice more, ________ you’ll do better in playing the piano. A.but B.or C.because D.and 34.This is Betty ________ she is my friend, ________ she is not in my class. A.and ; and B.but ; and C.and ; but D.but ; but 35.Tom has two cousins, and________ are engineers. A.both of whom B.both of them C.none of them D.either of them 36.—Who’s the girl over there? —I don’t know. Let’s _______ her. A.to go and meet B.to go and to meet C.go and to meet D.go and meet 37.—Ye Jiaying, the daughter of Chinese classical poetry, left us on November 24th, 2024. —That’s sad, ________ her books and thoughts will continue influencing people who love Chinese poems. A.so B.but C.if D.when 38.I have a basketball, ________ my brother doesn’t. A.but B.and C.so D.or 39.Tina is good at swimming, _________ she can’t play football. A.so B.because C.but D.or 40.Our school is not big, ________ it’s very beautiful. A.and B.but C.or D.so 41.The view from the top of Mount Lu is amazing, ________ it draws many tourists every year. A.when B.if C.so D.but 42.Peter’s mother likes apples, ________ she often buys them. A.so B.and C.or D.but 43.Happiness itself is different for everyone, ________ people explain it in different ways. A.until B.so C.unless D.though 44.It’s going to rain ________ you’d better take a raincoat with you. A.but B.if C.when D.so 45.—He must see a doctor right now, ________ he will be in danger. —OK. Let us send him to the hospital. A.and B.but C.or D.however 46.I must go back home before 11 p.m., ________ my father will be angry with me. A.and B.or C.so D.but 47.—Is your sister short_______tall? —She is tall. A.so B.or C.but D.and 48.Study harder, ________ you won't catch up with your classmates. A.or B.for C.since D.although 49.—The brown jacket is nice, ________ it doesn’t look good on me. —Why not try on the blue one? I think blue suits you fine. A.and B.so C.but D.or 50.—What a heavy rain! —You’d better set out a little earlier, ________ you’ll be late for school. A.and B.but C.or D.so 二、完形填空 阅读短文,从短文后每小题的四个选项中,选出最佳选项,填入空白处。 Cindy is an 8-year-old student. On a Monday afternoon, when she comes back home from 51 , her mum asks, “How is your day, Cindy?” “It’s not good, Mum. Maths is always 52 for me, and maths lessons are so 53 . I don’t like it at all.” Cindy says. “Have a break, Cindy. I want to buy some 54 . How about going to Mr Green’s food shop with 55 ?” Mum says. “OK,” Cindy says. After they get to the food shop, Mum says, “Cindy, we 56 three kilos of tomatoes and four kilos of carrots. Can you 57 them for me?” “Sure,” Cindy says and goes to take them. There are many kinds of vegetables at the shop, but Cindy 58 the tomatoes and carrots quickly. Then Cindy looks at the 59 of the vegetables and reads, “Tomatoes are 60 yuan a kilo and carrots are three yuan for two kilos.” Mum asks. “ 61 do we need to pay (支付)?” “Fifteen yuan!” Cindy says quickly. “You’re right, Cindy. You 62 the math problem! So, you see. Maths can be easy and 63 .” Mum says. I see. 64 , Mum. It’s really a useful 65 lesson for me,” Cindy says happily. 51.A.shop B.office C.school D.village 52.A.easy B.difficult C.interesting D.fun 53.A.amazing B.boring C.excellent D.cool 54.A.clothes B.balls C.vegetables D.books 55.A.us B.me C.her D.them 56.A.notice B.join C.mark D.need 57.A.get B.sell C.change D.help 58.A.knows B.finds C.watches D.finishes 59.A.colors B.numbers C.photos D.prices 60.A.two B.three C.four D.five 61.A.Why B.Where C.How much D.How long 62.A.blow out B.work out C.act out D.go out 63.A.similar B.excellent C.difficult D.interesting 64.A.Thanks B.Hello C.Please D.Morning 65.A.Chinese B.English C.maths D.biology 三、阅读理解 Every student has a schoolbag, but some students don’t like their schoolbags. Because a schoolbag makes them think of books and homework. My schoolbag is different. It is from my grandfather, and there is my name “Mary” on it. I love it because it has everything I need. I love books and my schoolbag keeps them for me. I don’t mean only schoolbooks. I mean my story books, too. Now I am reading Peter Rabbit. After that, I will read Tom Sawyer. My schoolbag also has my lunch box. Mom puts a good lunch in my schoolbag every school day. Sometimes she puts a note in it. That way, I feel happy all the afternoon. Sometimes my schoolbag is very heavy, but I don’t mind (介意). It has everything I need. It’s like a home on my back. 66.Who gives Mary the schoolbag? A.Her friend. B.Her grandfather. C.Her mother. D.Her father. 67.What is Peter Rabbit? A.A toy B.A pet. C.A book D.A subject. 68.What is in Mary’s schoolbag every school day? A.A rabbit. B.A baseball. C.A lunch box. D.A note. 69.Which one has the same meaning as “back” in “It’s like a home on my back.”? A.A baby monkey is on a mother monkey’s back. B.There is a blackboard at the back of the classroom. C.As your friend, I always back you. D.Some words are on the back page of the English book. 70.What does Mary think of her schoolbag? A.She loves it. B.She doesn’t mind it. C.She doesn’t like it. D.She doesn’t need it. 参考答案 一、 1.A 【解析】句意:“他跑得快”这句话属于主谓结构。 考查句子结构。S+V主语+谓语;S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语;S+V+P主语+系动词+表语;S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。根据“He runs fast.”可知,He是主语,runs是谓语,fast是副词,用来修饰runs。故选A。 2.B 【解析】句意:“张老师教我们英语。”这个句子的结构是主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。 考查句子结构辨析。S+V+DO 主语+谓语+宾语;S+V+IO+DO 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;S+V+DO+OC 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语;S+V+P 主语+谓语+表语。根据句子“Mr Zhang teaches us English.”可知,“us”是间接宾语,“English”是直接宾语,符合“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”的结构,故选B。 3.B 【解析】句意:“They are swimming in the river now.”这个句子的句型是什么? 考查句子结构。S+V+P主语+系动词+表语;S+V主语+不及物动词;S+V+O主语+及物动词+宾语;S+V+O+OC主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语。在句子“They are swimming in the river now.”中,“They”是主语,“are swimming”是谓语动词(现在进行时,表示动作正在进行),“in the river”是地点状语,“now”是时间状语。这个句子没有宾语,因为“swimming”是不及物动词,不需要宾语来完成句子的意思。所以,这个句子的句型是S+V(主语+不及物动词)。故选B。 4.B 【解析】句意:“我妈妈给了我一本书”这个句子的句型是什么? 考查句子结构。分析句子可知,My mother作主语;gave谓语动词;me间接宾语;a book直接宾语,因此该句是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”的结构,故选B。 5.B 【解析】句意:哪个是“他昨天给你买了一本字典”的句型? 考查句子结构。S+V+O主谓宾;S+Ⅴ+IO+DO主谓双宾;S+V主谓;S+V+O+OC主谓宾宾补。分析句子可知,He主语;bought谓语;you间接宾语;a dictionary直接宾语;yesterday状语。故选B。 6.C 【解析】句意:明年我们社区将建一座新图书馆。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。句中时间状语“next year”表示将来,因此句子应使用一般将来时。there be句型的一般将来时形式是“There will be”。故选C。 7.A 【解析】句意:——这儿有一所学校吗? ——是的,有。 考查一般疑问句和there be句型。问句是there be句型的一般疑问句,主语a school为单数,因此be动词用Is; 回答需遵循there be句型的固定回答形式,肯定回答为Yes, there is。故选A。 8.C 【解析】句意:这本故事书真有趣! 考查感叹句。感叹句的结构为“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!”或“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”。分析句子结构可知,本句符合“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”的结构,所以此处应用How引导感叹句,且interesting是形容词,前面不需要加冠词an。故选C。 9.A 【解析】句意:——你父母允许你一周看几次电视?——只有一次,就是我最喜欢的节目《奔跑吧兄弟》播出的时候。 考查特殊疑问句。How many多少,修饰可数名词复数;How soon多久以后,用于将来时;How long多长时间;How often多久一次,表示频率。根据答语“Only once”是具体的次数,前面又有“times a week”,表示每周的次数,用“how many times”提问。故选A。 10.C 【解析】句意:——丹尼尔,不要在街上踢足球。太危险了。——好的,妈妈。我不会再那样做了。 考查祈使句的否定。根据“Daniel, ... football in the street.”可知,此句为祈使句的否定形式,结构为:don’t+动词原形。故选C。 11.A 【解析】句意:海伦中文学得不好。 考查助动词否定形式后加动词原形。do做,动词原形;does做,第三人称单数形式;doing做,现在分词或动名词;did做,过去式。根据“Helen does not...well in Chinese.”可知,句子为一般现在时的否定句,“does not”是助动词否定形式,其后必须接动词原形。故选A。 12.D 【解析】句意:——你看到桌上有一些钢笔吗?——不,我没有。但我看到了一些铅笔。 考查否定回答及助动词用法。问句用“Did you see…”提问,答句需用相同助动词“did”来回答。排除B和C选项。根据“But I saw some pencils”可知,应给出否定回答,指没有看到桌上有钢笔。故选D。 13.B 【解析】句意:小心。眼镜在椅子上。 考查肯定句和be动词。are是;is是;aren’t不是;isn’t不是。根据句意可知,眼镜在椅子上,主语The pair of glasses是单数,be用is,故选B。 14.B 【解析】句意:杰克今天没有上学。 考查主谓一致和否定句。根据“Jack...school today.”可知,主语“Jack”是第三人称单数,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式“does”,句子是否定句,需使用助动词“does”的否定形式“doesn’t”构成否定。故选B。 15.C 【解析】句意:——我可以和海伦讲话吗? ——是的,请讲。 考查英语电话用语。英语中电话用语习惯中,当对方询问“May I speak to...?”时,若本人正是对方要找的人,标准回答是“Yes, speaking.”相当于“This is Helen speaking.”,表示“我就是,请讲”。故选C。 16.C 【解析】句意:——我可以踢足球吗?——不,不要。 考查一般疑问句的答语和情景交际。No, you won’t.不,你不会;Good idea!好主意;No, please don’t.不,请不要;No, thanks.不,谢谢。根据“Shall I play football?”可知,此处是请求允许的提问,结合中文提示可知其否定回答需委婉拒绝。选项C“No, please don’t”符合语境,表示礼貌的禁止。故选C。 17.A 【解析】句意:——你能关门吗?——好的! 考查一般疑问句。根据问号,可知句子是疑问句,在一般疑问句中,情态动词提前到主语前面,Could you符合结构,故选A。 18.B 【解析】句意:——你想要些面条吗?——是的,请。 考查一般疑问句。根据回答“Yes, please.”可知此处询问对方是否想要面条,句式“Would you like…?”你想要……吗?,用于礼貌地询问对方意愿。故选B。 19.C 【解析】句意:——从你家到吉林科技馆有多远?——步行大约20分钟。 考查特殊疑问句。how often多久一次,问频率;how long多久/多长,问时间长度或物体长度;how far多远,问距离;how old多大年纪,问年龄。答语“About 20 minutes on foot”表示距离,应用how far提问。故选C。 20.A 【解析】句意:——你今天早餐吃了什么?——一些面包和果汁。    考查疑问词辨析。What什么,用于询问事物;Why为什么,询问原因;Where哪里,询问地点;How如何,询问方式。根据答语“Some bread and juice”可知,问句是对早餐吃的食物内容进行提问,需用疑问词What。故选A。 21.C 【解析】句意:——今天是父亲节,是吗?——是的,让我们给爸爸买一个礼物吧。 考查反意疑问句。原句中It’s 是It is的缩写,且这个句子是肯定句,因此反意疑问句应用否定形式,即isn’t it。故选C。 22.A 【解析】句意:你以前喜欢考试,是吗? 考查反意疑问句。used to do的反义疑问句形式有两种:usen’t + 主语/didn’t + 主语;主语为you。故选A。 23.C 【解析】句意:我想他不会来参加聚会,是吗? 考查反意疑问句。在“I don’t think...”这种否定转移的句子中,反意疑问句要根据从句来进行提问,从句的主语是“he”,谓语动词是“will come”,且此处从句是否定句,故反意疑问句部分用“will he”。故选C。 24.D 【解析】句意:——你想喝什么,茶还是咖啡?——都不要,谢谢。 考查情景交际。Sure, I would.当然,我会;Yes, please.是的,请;Yes, both.是的,都要;Neither, thank you.都不要,谢谢。根据“Which would you rather have, tea or coffee?”可知,句子是选择疑问句,不能用yes/no回答,要作出具体的回答,故选D。 25.C 【解析】句意:——简,你愿意跟人工智能老师学习还是跟真正的老师学习?——我更喜欢真正的老师。他们能注意到我的感受,让我振作起来。 考查选择疑问句的答语。根据“Would you like to study with AI teachers or real teachers?”可知,空处是选择疑问句的答语;根据“They can notice my feelings and cheer me up.”可知,此处表示更喜欢真正的老师。故选C。 26.D 【解析】句意:——高婷,今天下午你想去游泳还是滑板?——我想去游泳。在这样炎热的日子里,凉水会感觉很棒! 考查选择疑问句的回答。根据“do you want to go swimming or skateboarding this afternoon?”可知此处是选择疑问句的回答,根据“The cool water will feel great on a hot day like this!”可知此处表示想去游泳。故选D。 27.A 【解析】句意:大卫,早点睡觉,不然明天上课你会犯困的。 考查祈使句。分析句子可知,此句为“祈使句+or+陈述句”,空处用动词原形。故选A。 28.D 【解析】句意:不要在图书馆大声交谈。 考查祈使句。to talk去交谈,动词不定式;talking现在分词/动名词;talks动词第三人称单数形式;talk动词原形。根据“Don’t ... loudly in the library.”可知,这是一个祈使句的否定形式,Don’t后要接动词原形。故选D。 29.A 【解析】句意:多读书,它可以帮助你开阔思维。 考查祈使句。根据“...and it can help you open up your mind”可知,空处应是祈使句,用动词原形,故选A。 30.C 【解析】句意:多么神奇的鸵鸟啊!它能以每小时70多公里的速度奔跑。 考查不定冠词的用法。a一,表示泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;a一,表示泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前。第一空,“What... amazing ostrich!”是感叹句,中心词是可数名词单数ostrich,且amazing是以元音音素开头的单词,所以用不定冠词an;第二空,at a speed of“以……的速度”,是固定用法。故选C。 31.C 【解析】句意:它们是多么有趣的故事啊!我只用一小时就读完了。 考查感叹句。感叹句常用结构:What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主谓!或是How+形容词/副词+主谓!本句中“interesting stories”是“形容词+复数名词”结构,应用What引导感叹句,复数名词前不加a/an。故选C。 32.B 【解析】句意:你给我们带来了多么好的消息啊!今晚我们出去吃饭庆祝吧。 考查感叹句用法。根据“great news you bring to us!”可知,考查感叹句句型What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!故选B。 33.D 【解析】句意:多练习,那么你将更擅长弹钢琴。 考查连词辨析。but但是;or或者;because因为;and那么。根据“Practice more”和“you’ll do better in playing the piano”可知,前后两个分句之间为递进关系,所以,and符合题意。故选D。 34.C 【解析】句意:这是贝蒂,她是我的朋友,但是她不在我的班级。 考查连词辨析。and和;but但是。根据“This is Betty ...she is my friend”可知,空前空后是并列的顺承关系,用连词and连接;空二前面说“她是我朋友”,空后说“我们不在一个班”,前后之间存在转折关系,用连词but连接。故选C。 35.B 【解析】句意:汤姆有两个表兄弟,他们都是工程师。 考查代词和主谓一致。both of whom两人,引导定语从句;both of them他们俩都;none of them(三个或以上)没有一个人;either of them他们两者中的任何一个。结合语境和空前and可知,这是含and的并列复合句,由and来连接两个或以上主谓结构的句子,而非定语从句,所以排除选项A。根据句意可知汤姆的两个表兄弟都是工程师,所以排除选项C;结合空后谓语动词are和主谓一致中的语法一致原则,这里的主语应该是复数,所以排除选项D。故选B。 36.D 【解析】句意:——那边那个女孩是谁?——我不知道,让我们去见见她吧。 考查let’s用法和连词用法。let’s后面直接跟动词原形,表示“让我们做……吧”,不用to,排除A和B; go和meet是并列发生的,and前后连接的动词形式一样。故选D。 37.B 【解析】句意:——中国古典诗词之女叶嘉莹于2024年11月24日离我们而去。——这很令人难过,但她的著作和思想将继续影响着热爱中国诗词的人们 。 考查连词辨析。so所以;but但是;if如果;when当……时候。根据“the daughter of Chinese classical poetry, left us”和“her books and thoughts will continue influencing people who love Chinese poems”可知,前后句存在转折关系。故选B。 38.A 【解析】句意:我有一个篮球,但我的弟弟没有。 考查连词辨析。but但是;and和;so因此;or或者。“I have a basketball,”与“my brother doesn’t”是转折关系,故选A。 39.C 【解析】句意:蒂娜擅长游泳,但她不会踢足球。 考查连词辨析。so所以,表示因果关系;because因为,引导原因状语从句;but但是,表转折;or或者,表选择。根据“Tina is good at swimming, ... she can’t play football.”可知,前后是转折关系,因此用but。故选C。 40.B 【解析】句意:我们的学校不大,但是很漂亮。 考查连词辨析。and和;but但是;or或者;so因此。根据前后句意可知,此处存在转折关系,即学校虽不大,但是很漂亮。故选B。 41.C 【解析】句意:庐山山顶的景色令人惊叹,所以每年都吸引了许多游客。 考查连词辨析。when当……时候,引导时间状语从句;if如果,引导条件状语从句;so所以,表因果关系;but但是,表转折关系。根据“The view from the top of Mount Lu is amazing...it draws many tourists every year.”可知,句中表述庐山山顶景色令人惊叹,“因此”每年吸引很多游客,前后是因果关系。故选C。 42.A 【解析】句意:彼得的妈妈喜欢苹果,所以她经常买。 考查连词辨析。so所以;and和;or或者;but但是。分析句子,可知“Peter’s mother likes apples”是“she often buys them”的原因,即句子前后是因果关系,故空处应填so“所以”符合语境。故选A。 43.B 【解析】句意:幸福本身对每个人来说都是不同的,所以人们用不同的方式来解释它。 考查连词辨析。until直到……为止;so所以;unless除非;though虽然。分析句子结构可知,前后两句构成因果关系,前因后果,应用so连接,故选B。 44.D 【解析】句意:天要下雨了,所以你最好带件雨衣。 考查连词辨析。so所以;but但是;if如果;when当……时候。“It’s going to rain”和“take a raincoat with you”之间是因果关系。故选D。 45.C 【解析】句意:——他必须马上去看医生,否则他会有危险的。 ——好的。我们送他去医院吧。 考查连词辨析。and和;but但是;or或者、否则;however然而。or意为“否则”,作连词,指假设的否定条件下会发生的情况,强调事情的必要性,符合语境。故选C。 46.B 【解析】句意:我必须在晚上11点前回家,否则我父亲会生我的气。 考查并列连词辨析。and和;or否则,或者;so所以;but但是。根据语境可知,“在11点前回家”是条件,“父亲对我生气”是结果,所以此句应用“or(否则)”来连接。故选B。 47.B 【解析】句意:——你妹妹高还是矮?——她是高的。 考查连词辨析。so所以,表因果;or或者,还是,表选择;but但是,表转折;and和,表并列。根据答语,可知问妹妹是高还是矮,属选择疑问句,用or,故选B。 48.A 【解析】句意:你要更加努力学习,否则你将不能赶上你的同学。 考查连词。or或者,否则;for因为;since自从,由于;although尽管,虽然。根据句意可知,这里表示“否则不能赶上同学”,故选A。 49.C 【解析】句意:——这件棕色的夹克衫很好看,但是我穿上不好看。——为什么不试穿一下这件蓝色的呢?我认为蓝色很适合你。 考查连词。And和、又,表示顺延;so因此,表示结果;but但是,表示转折;or或者、不然的话。根据题干“这件棕色的夹克衫很好看,但是我穿上不好看”可知,句子前后是转折关系,故选C。 50.C 【解析】句意:——雨下得真大啊!——你最好早一点出发,否则你会上学迟到的。 考查并列连词辨析。and并且,和;but但是;or否则;so所以。根据“You’d better set out a little earlier”可知你最好早点出发,如果不这样做的话,就会迟到。因此应用or“否则,要不然”连接。故选C。 二、 51.C 52.B 53.B 54.C 55.B 56.D 57.A 58.B 59.D 60.B 61.C 62.B 63.D 64.A 65.C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了辛迪的妈妈通过买菜教辛迪学数学的故事。 51.句意:辛迪是一名8岁的学生。在一个星期一的下午,当她从学校回家时,她妈妈问:“辛迪,你今天过得怎么样?” shop商店;office办公室;school学校;village村庄。根据“Cindy is an 8-year-old student.”可知,辛迪是一名学生,所以应该是放学回家,故选C。 52.句意:“不好,妈妈。数学对我来说总是很难,数学课很无聊。我一点也不喜欢它。”辛迪说。 easy容易的;difficult困难的;interesting有趣的;fun有趣的。根据“I don’t like it at all.”可知,辛迪不喜欢数学课,由此可推断出她觉得数学很难,故选B。 53.句意:“不好,妈妈。数学对我来说总是很难,数学课很无聊。我一点也不喜欢它。”辛迪说。 amazing令人惊奇的;boring无聊的;excellent优秀的;cool酷的。根据“I don’t like it at all.”可知,辛迪不喜欢数学课,由此可推断出她觉得数学课很无聊,故选B。 54.句意:“休息一下,辛迪。我想买一些蔬菜。和我一起去格林先生的食品店怎么样?”妈妈说。 clothes衣服;balls球;vegetables蔬菜;books书。根据后文“there are many kinds of vegetables at the shop”可知,商店里有很多种蔬菜,所以妈妈是想买蔬菜,故选C。 55.句意:“休息一下,辛迪。我想买一些蔬菜。和我一起去格林先生的食品店怎么样?”妈妈说。 us我们;me我;her她;them他们。根据“Cindy says.”可知,妈妈是在和辛迪说话,所以应该是和“我”一起去,故选B。 56.句意:在我们到达食品店后,妈妈说:“辛迪,我们需要三公斤西红柿和四公斤胡萝卜。你能帮我拿一下吗?” notice注意到;join参加;mark标记;need需要。根据“we...three kilos of tomatoes and four kilos of carrots”可知,此处指的是需要购买三公斤西红柿和四公斤胡萝卜,故选D。 57.句意:在我们到达食品店后,妈妈说:“辛迪,我们需要三公斤西红柿和四公斤胡萝卜。你能帮我拿一下吗?” get得到;sell卖;change改变;help帮助。根据“Can you...them for me?”可知,妈妈是想让辛迪帮忙拿一下这些东西,get sth for sb表示“帮某人拿某物”,故选A。 58.句意:商店里有各种各样的蔬菜,但辛迪很快就找到了西红柿和胡萝卜。 knows知道;finds找到;watches观看;finishes完成。根据“but Cindy...the tomatoes and carrots quickly.”可知,此处指的是辛迪很快就找到了西红柿和胡萝卜,故选B。 59.句意:然后辛迪看了看蔬菜的价格,读到:“西红柿每公斤三元,胡萝卜两公斤三元。” colors颜色;numbers数字;photos照片;prices价格。根据“Tomatoes are...yuan a kilo and carrots are three yuan for two kilos.”可知,这里说的是西红柿和胡萝卜的价格,故选D。 60.句意:然后辛迪看了看蔬菜的价格,读到:“西红柿每公斤三元,胡萝卜两公斤三元。” two二;three三;four四;five五。根据“three kilos of tomatoes and four kilos of carrots”“Tomatoes are...yuan a kilo and carrots are three yuan for two kilos.”以及后文“Fifteen yuan!”可知,西红柿每公斤三元,故选B。 61.句意:妈妈问:“我们需要付多少钱?” Why为什么;Where在哪里;How much多少钱;How long多久。根据“Fifteen yuan!”可知,妈妈是在询问需要支付多少钱,故选C。 62.句意:你算出了这道数学题!所以你看,数学可以很容易也很有趣。 blow out吹灭;work out算出;act out表演;go out出去。根据“You...the math problem!”可知,妈妈是在夸奖辛迪算出了这道数学题,故选B。 63.句意:你算出了这道数学题!所以你看,数学可以很容易也很有趣。 similar相似的;excellent优秀的;difficult困难的;interesting有趣的。根据“You...the math problem! So, you see. Maths can be easy and...”可知,妈妈是在夸奖辛迪算出了这道数学题,并且由此引出数学也可以很有趣,故选D。 64.句意:谢谢,妈妈。这对我来说真的是一节很有用的数学课。 Thanks谢谢;Hello你好;Please请;Morning早上好。根据“It’s really a useful...lesson for me”可知,辛迪是在感谢妈妈,故选A。 65.句意:谢谢,妈妈。这对我来说真的是一节很有用的数学课。 Chinese语文;English英语;maths数学;biology生物。根据前文内容可知,辛迪和妈妈在商店里计算西红柿和胡萝卜的价格,这是一节很有用的数学课,故选C。 三、 66.B 67.C 68.C 69.A 70.A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述的是一些孩子不喜欢自己的书包,因为书包让他们想起书和家庭作业,而作者却很喜欢自己的书包,并解释了原因。 66.细节理解题。根据“My schoolbag is different. It is from my grandfather, ”可知,Mary的书包是她的爷爷给的。故选B。 67.推理判断题。根据“Now I am reading Peter Rabbit.”可知,《彼得兔》是一本书,故选C。 68.细节理解题。根据“My schoolbag also has my lunch box. Mom puts a good lunch in my schoolbag every school day.”可知,她的书包里也有一个午餐盒。故选C。 69.词句猜测题。根据“It’s like a home on my back.”可知,此处的“back”表示“后背”。A选项“一只猴宝宝在猴妈妈的后背上”,和本文中的“back”意义相同。故选A。 70.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“I love it because it has everything I need.”可知,Mary爱她的书包。故选A。 4 / 4 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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