2025年高考英语全国2卷长难句分析学案(教师版和学生练习版)-2026届高考英语一轮复习专项

2025年高考英语全国2卷长难句分析(学生版) B篇 长难句 1 ：Most of Ho's students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 主句：__________________（主谓结构）。 非限制性定语从句：which means...（which 指代主句内容，作主语，means 为谓语）。 宾语从句：that preparing them to return to school is...（that 引导宾语从句，其中____________________作主语，__________ 为系动词，__________为表语，of care 为定语）。 长难句 2 ："If you're scared about something and thinking only about that, there's no way you're going to be able to learn," Ho says. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 直接引语：包含条件状语从句和主句。 条件状语从句：______________________________（if 引导条件句，并列谓语 are scared 和 are thinking，that 指代前文 “something”）。 主句：______________________________（there be 句型，way 后省略关系词__________，“you're going to be able to learn” 为定语从句修饰 __________）。 C篇 长难句 1：If you're among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don't beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn't make it. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 条件状语从句 1：If you're among the groups of people（if 引导，主语 you，系动词 are，表语 among the groups，of people 为定语）。 定语从句：who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits...（who 指代 __________，作__________，谓语 __________，宾语 __________，of surrounding...plants 为定语，动名词短语 surrounding yourself with plants 作 of 的宾语）。 主句：________________（________，谓语 _______，宾语 _______，__________ 为副词）。 条件状语从句 2：if one (or a few!) doesn't make it（if 引导，主语__________，谓语__________，宾语 __________，make it 为固定短语 “成功存活”）。 长难句 2 ：Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 主句：__________________（主语_______，谓语_______，状语_______）。 定语从句 1：who are around plants（修饰前一个_______ ，who 作主语，系动词 are，表语 around plants）。 ____________：than students who are in a classroom without plants（than 引导比较结构，比较对象为 students，后接定语从句 who are in...plants，修饰后一个 __________，who 作__________，系动词 are，表语 in a classroom，without plants 为定语）。 长难句 3：Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone in our body. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 并列句（由 but 连接）： 前半句：Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways（主语 __________，谓语__________，宾语__________，状语__________）。 后半句：the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol（主语__________，省略__________，系动词 __________，表语__________，动名词短语__________作 by 的宾语）。 同位语：the stress hormone in our body（解释__________，说明其性质） D篇 长难句 1：Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 主句：______________________________（_________结构，from 后接动名词短语作宾语）。 __________：where the phrase...at dinner time（where 指代 South Africa；从句中包含比较结构 “more A than B”，A 为 “an uncomfortable reminder of fact”，B 为 “a prayer at dinner time”）。 长难句 2：But last month, one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way: It changed its menu to exclusively offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 主句：__________________（主谓宾结构，last month 为时间状语）。 解释说明句：It changed its menu to...thrown away（冒号后为具体做法；不定式短语 “to exclusively offer food” 作___________；that 引导定语从句修饰________，从句中 otherwise 表示 “否则”）。 长难句 3 ：A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue, and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 主句：__________________（主谓结构，by the Food Waste Alliance 为定语）。 __________________：that the average restaurant generates...in revenue（that 引导_________，for every $1,000 为条件状语）。 __________________：and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled（of that waste 为范围状语，主语 15.7%，谓语 is donated or recycled）。 长难句 4 ：Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： _________________：Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews（though 引导，主谓宾结构）。 主句 1：it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment（被动语态，from the start 为时间状语，as...experiment 为宾语补足语）。 _______：Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu（分号连接________，since 为时间状语，to...menu 为宾语）。 七选五 长难句 1 ：You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 并列句（由 but 连接）： 前半句：You may know the “feel-good” emotions（_______________结构，that 引导定语从句修饰 emotions）。 后半句：there are even more unexpected ways（there be 句型），后接省略关系词 __________的定语从句 “volunteering will positively affect the whole family”（volunteering 为主语，affect 为谓语，the whole family 为宾语）。 长难句 2：Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 主句：__________________（主谓结构）。 宾语从句：that adults 55 and older had better memory and maintained overall health longer（that 引导宾语从句）。 定语从句：who volunteered（修饰 __________________，who 作主语）。 比较状语：than others their age（than 引导比较结构，others 后省略了 of，their age 为后置定语）。 完形 长难句 1 ：She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which ultimately led her to getting surgery. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 主句：________________________（过去完成进行时，主谓宾结构，with 后接并列宾语）。 __________________：which ultimately led her to getting surgery（which 指代主句整句话，作主语；led sb. to doing sth. 为固定结构，意为 “__________________”，getting surgery 为动名词短语作 to 的宾语）。 长难句 2 ：Since setting out on the journey, the fitness lover has not only managed to grow an impressive set of muscles—but also a huge following on social media. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： __________________：Since setting out on the journey（since + 动名词短语，set out 意为 “开始”）。 主句：__________________（现在完成时，_____ the fitness lover，_____ has managed；not only...but also... 连接________ ，前半部分为 to grow an impressive set of muscles（不定式短语作宾语），后半部分为 a huge following（省略了 to grow，on social media 为后置定语））。 语法填空 长难句 1 ：Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn't exist. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 主句：___________________________（主谓结构，地点状语 in the countryside...，伴随状语 with...family）。 定语从句：where bamboo and tea bushes grow wild...doesn't exist（where 指代 the countryside；从句包含三个并列分句： “bamboo and tea bushes grow wild in the mountains”（__________结构）， “chickens are always free-range”（__________结构）， “central heating doesn't exist”（__________结构）。 长难句 2：Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 时间状语：Growing up（__________作时间状语，逻辑主语为 __________）。 主句：______________________________（主谓宾结构，to dry clothing 为目的状语）。 结果状语：denying me the chance to discover...（__________作结果状语，其中： “to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine” 为不定式短语作后置定语修饰 chance， 破折号后 “the sweet ‘sunshine scent’...for an entire day” 为同位语，解释 wonders，其中 after sunning... 为时间状语）。 长难句 3：If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt left to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： __________：If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt（if 引导，主语 you，谓语 have experienced，宾语 the “sunshine scent”，from...shirt 为后置定语）。 定语：left to sun for a day（过去分词短语作__________定语，修饰__________，相当于 which is left...）。 主句：____________________（现在进行时，主谓宾结构，missing out on 为短语动词，one of life's wonders 为宾语）。 读后续写 长难句 1：Every time I gave a self-introduction, I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times, yet they still could not say it the way I did. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 时间状语从句：Every time I gave a self-introduction（Every time 引导，相当于 Whenever，主谓结构）。 主句 1：I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times（主谓宾结构，how to pronounce... 为 “疑问词 + 不定式” 作宾语，at least five times 为状语）。 并列句：yet they still could not say it the way I did（yet 连接转折分句，the way 引导方式状语从句，相当于 in the way that，从句中省略了谓语动词 said）。 长难句 2：I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 主句：____________________（主谓结构）。 宾语从句：that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me（that 引导宾语从句，包含两个并列谓语__________和 __________；grow tired of 和 lose patience with 为固定短语，分别表示 “__________” 和 “__________”）。 长难句 3：I realized that if I didn't stop, the entire lecture would be ruined. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 主句：__________（主谓结构）。 宾语从句：that if I didn't stop, the entire lecture would be ruined（that 引导宾语从句，内含条件状语从句 if I didn't stop，主句为 ____________________，使用__________表示对将来的假设）。 长难句 4 ：However, I soon found that by doing so, I might be losing something more important: the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity. 中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析： 主句：____________________（主谓结构，soon 为时间状语）。 宾语从句：that by doing so, I might be losing something more important（that 引导宾语从句，by doing so 为方式状语，__________为谓语，__________为宾语，more important 为后置定语）。 同位语：the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity（破折号后为同位语，解释____________________，to share... 为不定式短语作__________）。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年高考英语全国2卷长难句分析(教师版) B篇 长难句 1 ：Most of Ho's students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. 中文翻译：霍的大多数学生将会康复，这意味着帮助他们做好返校准备正成为护理中日益重要的组成部分。 结构分析： 主句：Most of Ho's students will recover（主谓结构）。 非限制性定语从句：which means...（which 指代主句内容，作主语，means 为谓语）。 宾语从句：that preparing them to return to school is...（that 引导宾语从句，其中动名词短语 “preparing them to return to school” 作主语，is 为系动词，component 为表语，of care 为定语）。 长难句 2 ："If you're scared about something and thinking only about that, there's no way you're going to be able to learn," Ho says. 中文翻译：“如果你对某事感到恐惧，并且只想着那件事，那你根本不可能学得进去，” 霍说道。 结构分析： 直接引语：包含条件状语从句和主句。 条件状语从句：If you're scared about something and thinking only about that（if 引导条件句，并列谓语 are scared 和 are thinking，that 指代前文 “something”）。 主句：there's no way you're going to be able to learn（there be 句型，way 后省略关系词 that，“you're going to be able to learn” 为定语从句修饰 way）。 C篇 长难句 1：If you're among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don't beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn't make it. 中文翻译：如果你属于那些正享受着用植物环绕自己所带来的身心益处的人群，那么如果有一株（或几株！）植物没能存活，也不要自责。 结构分析： 条件状语从句 1：If you're among the groups of people（if 引导，主语 you，系动词 are，表语 among the groups，of people 为定语）。 定语从句：who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits...（who 指代 people，作主语，谓语 are enjoying，宾语 benefits，of surrounding...plants 为定语，动名词短语 surrounding yourself with plants 作 of 的宾语）。 主句：don't beat yourself up（祈使句，谓语 don't beat，宾语 yourself，up 为副词）。 条件状语从句 2：if one (or a few!) doesn't make it（if 引导，主语 one，谓语 doesn't make，宾语 it，make it 为固定短语 “成功存活”）。 长难句 2 ：Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants. 中文翻译：身边有植物的学生在学业上比教室里没有植物的学生表现更出色。 结构分析： 主句：Students perform better academically（主语 Students，谓语 perform，状语 better academically）。 定语从句 1：who are around plants（修饰前一个 Students，who 作主语，系动词 are，表语 around plants）。 比较状语从句：than students who are in a classroom without plants（than 引导比较结构，比较对象为 students，后接定语从句 who are in...plants，修饰后一个 Students，who 作主语，系动词 are，表语 in a classroom，without plants 为定语）。 长难句 3：Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone in our body. 中文翻译：植物可以通过几种方式改善我们的心态，但最大的方式是降低我们体内皮质醇（压力激素）的水平。 结构分析： 并列句（由 but 连接）： 前半句：Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways（主语 Plants，谓语 can improve，宾语 state of mind，状语 in a few ways）。 后半句：the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol（主语 the biggest，省略 way，系动词 is，表语 by decreasing...cortisol，动名词短语 decreasing our level of cortisol 作 by 的宾语）。 同位语：the stress hormone in our body（解释 cortisol，说明其性质） D篇 长难句 1：Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. 中文翻译：或许这种感觉源于在南非的成长经历，在那里，“非洲有孩子在挨饿” 这句话与其说是晚餐时的祈祷，不如说是对现实的不安提醒。 结构分析： 主句：Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa（主谓宾结构，from 后接动名词短语作宾语）。 定语从句：where the phrase...at dinner time（where 指代 South Africa，从句中包含比较结构 “more A than B”，A 为 “an uncomfortable reminder of fact”，B 为 “a prayer at dinner time”）。 长难句 2：But last month, one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way: It changed its menu to exclusively offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. 中文翻译：但上个月，纽约一家受欢迎的餐厅尝试了一种不同的方式：它调整了菜单，专门提供原本会被扔掉的食物。 结构分析： 主句：one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way（主谓宾结构，last month 为时间状语）。 解释说明句：It changed its menu to...thrown away（冒号后为具体做法；不定式短语 “to exclusively offer food” 作目的状语；that 引导定语从句修饰 food，从句中 otherwise 表示 “否则”）。 长难句 3 ：A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue, and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. 中文翻译：食品浪费联盟的一项研究表明，普通餐厅每获得 1000 美元收入就会产生 33 磅食物浪费，而其中只有 15.7% 的浪费被捐赠或回收。 结构分析： 主句：A study determined...（主谓结构，by the Food Waste Alliance 为定语）。 宾语从句：that the average restaurant generates...in revenue（that 引导宾语从句，for every $1,000 为条件状语）。 并列句：and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled（and 连接并列句，of that waste 为范围状语，主语 15.7%，谓语 is donated or recycled）。 长难句 4 ：Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. 中文翻译：尽管 wastED 获得了热烈的评价，但它从一开始就被设计为一个短期实验；蓝山餐厅此后已恢复常规菜单。 结构分析： 让步状语从句：Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews（though 引导，主谓宾结构）。 主句 1：it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment（被动语态，from the start 为时间状语，as...experiment 为宾语补足语）。 并列句：Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu（分号连接并列句，since 为时间状语，to...menu 为宾语）。 七选五 长难句 1 ：You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family. 中文翻译：你或许知道帮助他人带来的 “愉悦感”，但志愿服务还有更多意想不到的方式能积极影响整个家庭。 结构分析： 并列句（由 but 连接）： 前半句：You may know the “feel-good” emotions（主谓宾结构，that 引导定语从句修饰 emotions）。 后半句：there are even more unexpected ways（there be 句型），后接省略关系词 that 的定语从句 “volunteering will positively affect the whole family”（volunteering 为主语，affect 为谓语，the whole family 为宾语）。 长难句 2：Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. 中文翻译：华盛顿大学发现，55 岁及以上的志愿者比同龄人群拥有更好的记忆力，且能更长久地保持整体健康。 结构分析： 主句：Washington University found...（主谓结构）。 宾语从句：that adults 55 and older had better memory and maintained overall health longer（that 引导宾语从句）。 定语从句：who volunteered（修饰 adults 55 and older，who 作主语）。 比较状语：than others their age（than 引导比较结构，others 后省略了 of，their age 为后置定语）。 完形 长难句 1 ：She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which ultimately led her to getting surgery. 中文翻译：她一直受饮食失调和健康问题的困扰，这最终导致她接受了手术。 结构分析： 主句：She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues（过去完成进行时，主谓宾结构，with 后接并列宾语）。 非限制性定语从句：which ultimately led her to getting surgery（which 指代主句整句话，作主语；led sb. to doing sth. 为固定结构，意为 “导致某人做某事”，getting surgery 为动名词短语作 to 的宾语）。 长难句 2 ：Since setting out on the journey, the fitness lover has not only managed to grow an impressive set of muscles—but also a huge following on social media. 中文翻译：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅练出了令人印象深刻的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了大量粉丝。 结构分析： 时间状语：Since setting out on the journey（since + 动名词短语，作时间状语，set out 意为 “开始”）。 主句：the fitness lover has not only managed to build...but also...（现在完成时，主语 the fitness lover，谓语 has managed；not only...but also... 连接并列宾语，前半部分为 to grow an impressive set of muscles（不定式短语作宾语），后半部分为 a huge following（省略了 to grow，on social media 为后置定语））。 语法填空 长难句 1 ：Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn't exist. 中文翻译：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫及其家人住在中国浙江的农村，那里山上野生着竹子和茶树，鸡群总是散养的，而且没有集中供暖。 结构分析： 主句：I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family（主谓结构，地点状语 in the countryside...，伴随状语 with...family）。 定语从句：where bamboo and tea bushes grow wild...doesn't exist（where 指代 the countryside；从句包含三个并列分句： “bamboo and tea bushes grow wild in the mountains”（主谓结构）， “chickens are always free-range”（主系表结构）， “central heating doesn't exist”（主谓结构）。 长难句 2：Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 中文翻译：从小到大，我的家人和邻居从未用晾衣绳晒过衣服，这让我失去了发现阳光奇迹之一的机会 —— 把衣服晒一整天后甜甜的 “阳光香味”。 结构分析： 时间状语：Growing up（现在分词短语作时间状语，逻辑主语为 my family and our neighbors）。 主句：my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing（主谓宾结构，to dry clothing 为目的状语）。 结果状语：denying me the chance to discover...（现在分词短语作结果状语，其中： “to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine” 为不定式短语作后置定语修饰 chance， 破折号后 “the sweet ‘sunshine scent’...for an entire day” 为同位语，解释 wonders，其中 after sunning... 为时间状语）。 长难句 3：If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt left to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders. 中文翻译：如果你从未体验过床单或衬衫在阳光下晒一天后的 “阳光香味”，那么，你正错过生命中的奇迹之一。 结构分析： 条件状语从句：If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt（if 引导，主语 you，谓语 have experienced，宾语 the “sunshine scent”，from...shirt 为后置定语）。 定语：left to sun for a day（过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 sheet or shirt，相当于 which is left...）。 主句：you're missing out on one of life's wonders（现在进行时，主谓宾结构，missing out on 为短语动词，one of life's wonders 为宾语）。 读后续写 长难句 1：Every time I gave a self-introduction, I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times, yet they still could not say it the way I did. 中文翻译：每次自我介绍时，我都得至少解释五次名字的发音，但他们仍然无法像我那样说对。 结构分析： 时间状语从句：Every time I gave a self-introduction（Every time 引导，相当于 Whenever，主谓结构）。 主句 1：I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times（主谓宾结构，how to pronounce... 为 “疑问词 + 不定式” 作宾语，at least five times 为状语）。 并列句：yet they still could not say it the way I did（yet 连接转折分句，the way 引导方式状语从句，相当于 in the way that，从句中省略了谓语动词 said）。 长难句 2：I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me. 中文翻译：我担心同学们可能会厌倦我的努力，甚至对我失去耐心。 结构分析： 主句：I feared...（主谓结构）。 宾语从句：that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me（that 引导宾语从句，包含两个并列谓语 might grow 和 might lose；grow tired of 和 lose patience with 为固定短语，分别表示 “厌倦” 和 “对… 失去耐心”）。 长难句 3：I realized that if I didn't stop, the entire lecture would be ruined. 中文翻译：我意识到如果我不停止纠正，整个讲座就会被毁掉。 结构分析： 主句：I realized...（主谓结构）。 宾语从句：that if I didn't stop, the entire lecture would be ruined（that 引导宾语从句，内含条件状语从句 if I didn't stop，主句为 the entire lecture would be ruined，使用虚拟语气表示对将来的假设）。 长难句 4 ：However, I soon found that by doing so, I might be losing something more important: the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity. 中文翻译：然而，我很快发现，这样做可能会让我失去更重要的东西：分享自己文化身份一小部分的机会。 结构分析： 主句：I soon found...（主谓结构，soon 为时间状语）。 宾语从句：that by doing so, I might be losing something more important（that 引导宾语从句，by doing so 为方式状语，might be losing 为谓语，something more important 为宾语，more important 为后置定语）。 同位语：the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity（破折号后为同位语，解释 something more important，to share... 为不定式短语作后置定语）。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$