14.Unit 3 Make it happen!(主题阅读)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024)

2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024) Unit 3 Make it happen!主题阅读 必备知识清单 单元主题阅读 一、阅读主题 本单元聚焦于与发明创造有关的故事，这些故事带领学生踏入充满创意与智慧的发明世界。从古老的四大发明，到改变现代生活的互联网，发明创造贯穿人类历史，推动社会进步。阅读这类故事，学生能了解发明背景、过程与影响，见证发明者的奇思妙想与坚持。例如，通过阅读关于托马斯・爱迪生发明电灯的故事，学生知晓他历经无数次失败才成功，明白发明不仅需灵感，更要有坚韧不拔的毅力；阅读计算机发明历程，能体会科技发展的日新月异。这些故事激发学生对发明创造的兴趣，点燃他们心中创新的火种。 1.主题内涵 本主题围绕发明创造展开，深度挖掘发明诞生的时代背景、发明者面临的难题、解决问题的思路及发明对社会的深远影响。如电话发明前，人们远距离通信不便，贝尔通过不断实验，克服技术难关，最终成功发明电话，彻底改变通信方式，拉近人与人之间的距离。 2.素养体现 在阅读过程中，学生语言能力得以提升，学会描述发明的词汇与句式；思维品质得到锻炼，跟随发明者思考问题，培养创新思维与批判性思维；文化意识得以增强，了解不同国家发明创造背后的文化差异；学习能力也进一步提高，掌握阅读技巧，自主获取知识。 3.策略要求 阅读时，学生需运用预测策略，根据标题与图片猜测故事内容；利用略读把握文章大意，快速定位关键信息；通过精读理解细节，分析发明过程与原理；运用推断策略，依据上下文猜测生词含义，理解作者言外之意。 4.文化品质 发明创造故事蕴含丰富文化价值，展现不同国家和民族的智慧。中国古代四大发明彰显中华民族的创造力与对世界文明的贡献；西方工业革命中的众多发明体现西方勇于探索、追求进步的文化精神。学生阅读中能体会文化多样性，培养尊重不同文化的品质。 二、词汇句式 1.主题词汇 ②发明物类：computer（计算机），telephone（电话），television（电视），light bulb（灯泡），airplane（飞机），bicycle（自行车），camera（相机），microwave oven（微波炉），washing machine（洗衣机），refrigerator（冰箱），elevator（电梯），clock（时钟），compass（指南针），printing press（印刷机），steam engine（蒸汽机），automobile（汽车），radio（收音机），computer mouse（电脑鼠标），3D printer（3D 打印机），smartphone（智能手机），robot（机器人） ②动作行为类：invent（发明），create（创造），discover（发现），design（设计），develop（开发），improve（改进），experiment（实验），test（测试），try（尝试），build（建造），produce（生产），use（使用），operate（操作），apply（应用），introduce（介绍），launch（推出） ③人物身份类：inventor（发明家），scientist（科学家），engineer（工程师），creator（创造者），designer（设计师） ④品质特征类：creative（有创造力的），innovative（创新的），clever（聪明的），intelligent（智能的），brilliant（杰出的），determined（坚定的），persistent（坚持不懈的），hard - working（努力工作的），curious（好奇的），imaginative（富有想象力的） 2.主题句式 ①描述发明物功能 The [invention name] is used to + 动词原形（…… 被用来做……）。如：The telephone is used to communicate with people far away.（电话被用来与远方的人交流。） [Invention name] can + 动词原形（…… 能够……）。如：A camera can take pictures.（相机能够拍照。） [Invention name] enables sb. to + 动词原形（…… 使某人能够……）。如：The Internet enables us to get information easily.（互联网使我们能够轻松获取信息。） ②介绍发明过程 [Inventor] first + 动词过去式 and then + 动词过去式（…… 首先…… 然后……）。如：Bell first did many experiments and then invented the telephone.（贝尔首先做了许多实验，然后发明了电话。） After + 动词 - ing, [inventor] invented + [invention name]（在…… 之后，…… 发明了……）。如：After years of hard work, Edison invented the light bulb.（经过多年努力，爱迪生发明了电灯。） [Inventor] tried many times to + 动词原形 and finally succeeded in inventing + [invention name]（…… 尝试多次做…… 最终成功发明了……）。如：Wright brothers tried many times to make a flying machine and finally succeeded in inventing the airplane.（莱特兄弟多次尝试制造飞行器，最终成功发明了飞机。） ③评价发明及发明者 The invention of + [invention name] is really amazing /great/important because it + 句子（…… 的发明真的很惊人 / 伟大 / 重要，因为它……）。如：The invention of the computer is really important because it has changed our lives greatly.（计算机的发明真的很重要，因为它极大地改变了我们的生活。） [Inventor] is a very creative /intelligent person. He / She invented + [invention name] which + 句子（…… 是一个非常有创造力 / 聪明的人。他 / 她发明了……，它……）。如：Thomas Edison is a very creative person. He invented many things which have made our lives more convenient.（托马斯・爱迪生是一个非常有创造力的人。他发明了许多让我们生活更便利的东西。） Thanks to the invention of + [invention name], we can + 动词原形（多亏了…… 的发明，我们能够……）。如：Thanks to the invention of the automobile, we can travel faster and more comfortably.（多亏了汽车的发明，我们能够更快速、更舒适地旅行。） 三、阅读策略 预测：阅读前，引导学生观察文章标题、插图及小标题预测内容。看到标题 “The Invention of the Smartphone”，学生可推测文章会介绍智能手机发明背景、过程、功能及影响；若有手机从按键到触屏的进化图片，更能帮助学生细化预测，如可能提及技术革新推动外观与功能变化。 略读：让学生快速浏览文章，关注每段首句与尾句、黑体字、图表等关键部分，把握文章主旨与结构。如关于 “3D Printers” 的文章，学生略读可知先介绍起源，再讲工作原理，后阐述应用领域，整体结构清晰。 精读：精读时，学生仔细研读每个段落，理解句子间逻辑关系，分析长难句，把握细节。遇到介绍发明原理的复杂句子，如 “The engine works by burning fuel to produce energy which is then used to move the vehicle.”，学生可通过分析句子成分，理解发动机工作机制。 推断：遇到生词，鼓励学生利用上下文线索、构词法推断含义。如 “innovative” 一词，文中提到 “The innovative design of this new product attracted many customers.”，结合 “new product” 及 “attracted many customers” 可推测其意为 “创新的”；若学生知道 “novel” 有 “新奇的” 意思，结合 “in - ” 前缀表强调，也能猜出词义。 核心知识回顾 与创造发明及发明者相关的语篇结构及表达举例 一、语篇类型与结构 类型 结构特征 科技说明文 问题→解决方案→影响（Problem-Solution-Impact） 1. 提出社会 / 生活问题 2. 详述发明原理与创新点 3. 分析对人类生活的具体影响 人物传记 时间线 + 关键事件（Timeline+Key Events） 1. 发明者生平与职业轨迹 2. 发明契机与关键突破 3. 社会评价与遗产 对比分析类 异同点比较（Comparison-Contrast） 1. 横向对比：不同发明的原理 / 应用 2. 纵向对比：同一发明的历史演进 科普记叙文 现象→科学解释→未来展望（Phenomenon-Explanation-Prospect） 1. 描述科技现象 2. 解析背后的科学原理 3. 预测发展趋势 二、核心词汇分类 类别 高频词汇 发明与技术 invention（发明）, innovation（创新）, patent（专利）, prototype（原型）, automation（自动化）, algorithm（算法）, conductivity（导电性）, biodegradable（可生物降解的）, renewable（可再生的）, mechanism（机械装置） 发明者品质 perseverance（坚持）, curiosity（好奇心）, resilience（韧性）, adaptability（适应性）, empathy（同理心）, vision（远见）, pragmatism（务实）, ethics（伦理） 发明过程 trial and error（反复试验）, brainstorm（头脑风暴）, iterate（迭代）, optimize（优化）, simulate（模拟）, patent application（专利申请）, mass production（大规模生产） 影响与价值 revolutionize（彻底改变）, disrupt（颠覆）, enhance（提升）, sustainable（可持续的）, accessibility（可及性）, societal impact（社会影响） 综合实战演练 1 Many people know that robots explore space and build things in factories. But did you know that there are many other kinds of robots? Let’s meet some of these robots and find out what they do. Robot 1 If your family are moving to a new house, this two-legged robot is a good helper. It can lift several heavy boxes and carry them to the moving truck before returning inside for more. It has the ability to walk more carefully and skillfully than other robots. Robot 2 Powered by the sun, this robot works in a forest. It keeps an eye on everything from animal movements to the forest’s temperature, then sends the information back to the scientists. This robot can watch how the environment changes for a long period of time, which is difficult for humans. Robot 3 This pie-making robot is cutting a pie into pieces in the kitchen. It uses its arms to do all the things human cooks might do when they make food. But it makes much more food than human cooks. It can prepare a pie in 45 seconds and cook 80 pies an hour. It even divides your pie and boxes it up. Robot 4 This bright orange robot helps repair the machines under deep water. It can reach the part which is too deep for a human diver. Humans program where the robot should go and what it should do. This robot can also help humans explore the sea and discover new living things. But it can’t work for long underwater. 1．Which of the following shows the correct match between the robots and their working places? A．Robot 1—③, Robot 2—④, Robot 3—②, Robot 4—① B．Robot 1—②, Robot 2—①, Robot 3—③, Robot 4—④ C．Robot 1—②, Robot 2—④, Robot 3—③, Robot 4—① D．Robot 1—③, Robot 2—①, Robot 3—②, Robot 4—④ 2．Which one is RIGHT about Robot 3? A．It makes the food more delicious. B．It cooks different kinds of food. C．It prepares food at a faster speed. D．It keeps the kitchen clean and tidy. 3．What can Robot 2 and Robot 4 both do? A．Study the information for scientists. B．Keep working for a long period of time. C．Help humans learn more about the Earth. D．Do lots of heavy housework for people. 4．What does the underlined word “explore” mean? A．寻找 B．探索 C．检查 D．创造 2 Feng Boyao and Meng Shuqi found that their city library didn’t have enough Braille (盲文) books for blind people and many of the Braille books were out of date. So they teamed up to help the blind by solving the problem. Feng and Meng both studied at No. 37 Middle School in Taiyuan, Shanxi province. They invented a new kind of Braille reader. Their work won the first prize in a national competition which tries to nurture creative (创新) thinking by asking students to solve social problems. The invention was also given a national patent. When connected (连接) to a computer, their Braille reader can turn words into raised dots (凸起的点). Blind people can read by touching the dots, which are magnets (磁铁). This is the first Braille reader that uses magnets. “We found that today’s Braille readers are very difficult to use and expensive,” Feng said. “So, we decided to invent a user-friendly one, especially for young blind children from grades 1 to 3. Moreover, it only costs about 2000 yuan.” After making their first reader model, Feng and Meng visited a school for the blind to get advice and improved it to meet the students’ needs, like changing the size of the screen and the space between the dots. “We hope the invention will be popularized in the future to help those blind people who can’t buy the Braille reader. now,” Meng told Taiyuan News after the visit. 1．Why did the two students invent a new kind of Braille reader? A．To get a national patent. B．To hold a reading competition. C．To help the blind get more Braille books. D．To encourage kids to solve social problems. 2．What does the underlined word “nurture” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．培养 B．创造 C．想象 D．理解 3．Which is the correct order of the following events? ①Feng and Meng were interviewed by Taiyuan News. ②Many of the Braille books in the city library were out of date. ③Feng and Meng visited a school for the blind to learn about the students’ needs. ④They teamed up to help the blind by fixing the problem. A．②①③④ B．②④③① C．②④①③ D．②③①④ 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Feng and Meng are helpful and creative people. B．Feng and Meng solved many social problems together. C．Feng and Meng have started their own business as a team. D．The reader they invented are easy to use but more expensive. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．A Braille Reader. B．A User-friendly Product. C．The Need of Blind People. D．Two Teenagers and Their Invention. 3 On February 25th, some elderly care robots were shown to the public. These robots are great helpers for old people and bring lots of convenience (便利) and happiness to their lives. These robots are very useful in daily life. They can remind old people to take medicine at the right time. As for those who have trouble walking, the robots can walk beside them. They use sensors (传感器) to know if the old people are not steady and stop them from falling. Some robots can even go outside with old people, like walking in the park or going to the nearby shops because they have navigation systems (导航系统). Loneliness is a big problem for many old people. But these robots can be good friends. They can talk to old people. They can tell interesting stories, like fairy tales or stories from history. They can also talk about everyday things, such as the weather, local news, or the latest TV shows. This not only makes old people feel less lonely but also helps their minds stay active. The robots can also do small jobs. They can pick up light things that old people drop, like a book or glasses. For housework, they can do easy things like cleaning the living room, folding clothes, or sweeping the floor. This helps old people keep their homes clean without getting too tired. In the future, these robots will probably have even more uses. They may be like family doctors. For example, they can check heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature all the time. If there is anything wrong, the robot can quickly tell family members or doctors. They might also be able to help with more difficult medical things, like helping to dress a wound (伤口) with a doctor’s help. As technology gets better, making these robots will cost less. Then more families can afford them. When more people can buy these robots, more money will be put into making them better. So, the robots will work even better and be of higher quality (质量). As the people gets older, more and more families need help taking care of the old. In the future, elderly care robots will play an important role in our society. 1．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “remind” in Chinese? A．提醒 B．要求 C．请求 D．回忆 2．Why are these robots especially helpful for the old people who live alone? A．They can repair broken furniture. B．They can help the old people find jobs. C．They can teach the old people how to use smartphones D．They can stay with them and help with daily tasks. 3．Which of the following statements is NOT right? A．Old people’s quality of life may be improved. B．Fewer families will need these robots in the future. C．The cost of making these robots will be low. D．More functions may be added to these robots in the future. 4．What can we know about the future of these robots? A．They will only be used in hospital. B．They will become less useful over time. C．They will become cheaper and better. D．They will replace all human work. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4 It might sound like magic, but in February, a paralyzed (瘫痪的) patient was able to drink water on his own by controlling a special glove with his brain. The glove then acted as his hand. This was a success in brain-machine interface (BMI,脑机接口) technology made by a team of Chinese scientists and doctors. BMI refers to creating a connection between the human brain and external devices (外部设备), making communication between the brain and computers. For paralyzed people, BMI can allow them to move and do simple things by themselves. On Oct 24, 2023, the team put a BMI chip (芯片) in the patient’s head. The chip can receive neural signals (神经信号) from the brain. After three months of home recovery training, the patient can now use his brain signals to control a special glove powered by air pressure. This helps him do things like drinking water on his own. BMI technology usually means putting chips directly onto the patient’s brain. However, this project is minimally invasive (微创的), making sure the patient’s brain is not harmed. So it is an important achievement. It also uses a wireless power supply (无线电源), so the implanted (植入的) device doesn’t need a battery. Li Yuanning from ShanghaiTech University told CCTV News that BMI is now mainly used in the medical field to improve the lives of people with brain-related problems or speech difficulties. In China, BMI technology is still in the early stages of research, with no products on the market yet. Some people are worried that tests may influence patients’ independence (独立) and even who they are. Ethical concerns (伦理问题) related to BMI also need to be solved. These include whether the patient has a clear understanding of what is going on when they agree to take part in the test. 1．What is China’s recent success in BMI? A．A BMI chip was successfully put into a patient’s brain. B．BMI helped a paralyzed patient drink water on his own. C．A paralyzed patient can move freely with a BMI chip. D．A paralyzed patient can communicate with computers. 2．What is the advantage of the new BMI technology? A．It doesn’t harm patients’ brains. B．It doesn’t need any power. C．It understands patients’ needs correctly. D．It helps people improve their speech skills. 3．What do we know from the last paragraph? A．Many people are against BMI technology. B．The tests of BMI are at high risk of failure. C．BMI technology is still under development. D．BMI technology is widely used in the medical field. 5 Young Heroes Changing China In China, many young people are doing amazing things. Let’s meet four talented youth who are making a difference. Jiao Zi, director of “Ne Zha 2”, uses creativity to bring old Chinese stories to life. Liang Wenfeng started DeepSeek, working on new areas of AI technology. Wang Xingxing created dancing robots for “Yang BOT” show. His robots can perform dancing, carry heavy things, make friends with people, and even help save lives. Feng Ji made China’s first big video game “Black Myth: Wukong”, showing China’s growing tech skills. These young heroes paint colorful pictures for China’s future. They bring fresh ideas to technology and culture, helping our country become stronger. As China grows, more youth will follow their steps to create new things. What makes them special? They know their goals and aren’t afraid to try. When they face hard things, they keep working hard. They have big dreams but also take small steps every day. They believe if they never give up, they can make anything happen. Your dreams matter, too! Don’t rush—every effort counts. Keep trying even when it’s difficult. Believe in yourself, and you’ll surprise everyone, including yourself! Remember: Great things start with brave hearts and hard work. 1．What can Wang Xingxing’s robots do according to the passage? ①Dance ② Be friendly to people ③ Carry things ④ Write stories A．①②④ B．②③④ C．①②③ D．①③④ 2．What’s the meaning of the underline word “They” in Paragraph 4? A．Chinese traditional or modern stories B．The four young heroes mentioned in the article C．The living ways of the young Chinese D．The robots created by Wang Xingxing 3．Which pictures are from the old Chinese stories? A．①② B．③④ C．①③ D．②④ 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1…) A． B． C． D． 5．What does the writer want readers to learn from the passage? A．To talk about China’s technology development. B．To follow the history of Chinese video games. C．To make traditional and modern Chinese culture easy. D．To tell readers to reach their dreams through hard work. 6 Toothpaste (牙膏) is an important part of our life, It keeps our teeth strong and clean. Even if we don’t notice it, we use it every day. Use stones to clean teeth Egyptians (埃及人) were the first to start using toothpaste about 7,000 years ago. They washed their teeth with tortoise blood (乌龟血) three times a year. Later, the Greeks used crushed stones (碎石) as toothpaste. Kids at that time put stones into their mouths to clean their teeth! Modern toothpaste started in the 1800s. Benefits of brushing teeth It is good to brush your teeth after every meal. Toothpaste can prevent toothache. It can help fight against bad breath. But there are some harmful chemicals (有害化学物质) in it. Chocolate toothpaste There are many kinds of toothpaste today. They are different in size, taste and colour. A New Orleans company in the US called Theodent made the first chocolate toothpaste last year. This kind of toothpaste uses some material (物质) from chocolate. But it doesn’t have any sugar. Do you want to try it? Largest toothpaste collection Dr Val Kolpakov is a dentist in the US. He collected over 1,800 kinds of toothpaste from his friends over the world. He set the record for the largest toothpaste collection. 1．What did the Greeks use to clean their teeth? A．Tortoise blood. B．Crushed stones. C．Modern toothpaste. D．Some chemicals. 2．The underlined word “Benefits” means “________”. A．ways you brush teeth B．steps you have to follow C．the help that you get from it D．the bad thing that you meet 3．From the text, we can infer (推断) that ________. A．Theodent is an inventor B．chocolate toothpaste has sugar C．Val Kolpakov enjoys collecting toothpaste D．all of the toothpaste is very harmful 4．How is the text organized?  (①=Paragraph 1...) A． B． C． D． 5．Where can you most probably read this passage? A．In a fairy tale. B．In a dictionary. C．In a guidebook. D．In a magazine. 7 ①People who have trouble walking or moving around often have a hard time enjoying the beach. But hundreds of beaches in Greece (希腊) now offer a new way for people in wheelchairs to get into the water by themselves. It’s called Seatrac. ②Seatrac is a chair on a moving ramp (坡道). It can carry a disabled person into the sea. Once in the sea, the person can either stay in the chair, enjoying the water, or go for a swim. When the person wants to get out of the water, he can use the remote control (遥控器) to bring the chair back to the top of the ramp. It’s even possible for him or her to take a shower in the chair after a swim. ③Seatrac was invented and developed in Greece. The idea for it came when one of the inventors, Ignatios Fotiou, was talking with a friend who used a wheelchair. The friend said he enjoyed the sea, but didn’t like having to be carried into the ocean. ④Mr. Fotiou wanted to find an easier way for wheelchair users to get into the water. He worked hard with others to develop the Seatrac system. He made the system simple to put in place and easy to run. A wooden walkway allows wheelchair users to reach the Seatrac. The system is solar-powered (太阳能的), and can keep running even if the electricity (电) goes out. ⑤This summer, the Seatrac system is being used at over 220 beaches in Greece and other countries. Thanks to Seatrac, people who use wheelchairs now can cool down in the sea. 1．What can Seatrac do according to the passage? A．Help the disabled go home after a swim. B．Choose a suitable beach for the disabled. C．Help the disabled get in and out of the sea safely. D．Make the disabled move around the beach freely. 2．What made Mr. Fotiou decide to develop Seatrac? A．His partner’s advice. B．His deep love for the sea. C．His friend’s difficulty. D．His wish to make friends. 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The development of the electricity. B．The strong points of the Seatrac system. C．The future of solar-powered wheelchairs. D．The friendship between Fotiou and his friend. 4．Which of the following can best describe Seatrac according to the last paragraph？ A．Popular. B．Cheap. C．Natural. D．Dangerous. 5．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To show the development of the Seatrac system. B．To encourage care for disabled people around us. C．To give advice on using solar-powered wheelchairs. D．To introduce a new invention for wheelchair users. 8 Acupuncture (针灸), or the use of “magic needles”, is one of the most well-known treatments in Chinese medicine. It started a long time ago, possibly as early as 2000 BC． In the Stone Age, people used tools called bian to press parts of the body. Later, they used metal ones like gold and silver. Today, most acupuncturists use stainless steel (不锈钢) needles, which are thinner and sharper than before. During a visit to an acupuncture hospital, the acupuncturist first looks at the patient’s skin, tongue, and listens to their voice and breath. They also ask questions about the patient’s health and feel their pulse (脉搏). According to acupuncture ideas, the pulse shows the energy level of different body parts. Based on this check, the acupuncturist chooses points on the body called acupuncture points. Thin needles are placed into these points to help fix the problem. So far, more than 360 points have been found, each connected to a body part. Acupuncture is used for many health problems, such as pain, high blood pressure and stomach problems. _________ Besides, it can be used to treat bad habits, like drinking too much and smoking. Although it is not fully clear how acupuncture works, there are some explanations. One is that it stops pain from going to the brain. Another is that it helps the body reduce pain. Acupuncture became popular in many Asian countries, like Japan, and was introduced to the West in the 16th century. In 2010, it was added to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List (非遗名单). Today, it is used worldwide, with the World Health Organization suggesting it for over 100 health problems. 1．What can we infer about acupuncture tools from Paragraph 1? A．Acupuncture tools have always been made of stainless steel. B．Acupuncture tools have changed and become better over time. C．The tools used in the Stone Age were exactly the same as today’s. D．Modern acupuncture tools are less sharp than those in ancient times. 2．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ________? A．It mainly works on problems on the animals. B．It also helps patients improve their lifestyles. C．It also helps add up pain in some body parts. D．Also, it can treat (治疗) other health problems like stress. 3．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the last paragraph? A．To show the use and popularity of acupuncture. B．To explain how acupuncture is practiced today. C．To introduce the history and cultural background. D．To support the points by using his personal stories. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．Ways to Use Acupuncture Needles B．The History of the Acupuncture Tools C．Acupuncture: a Traditional Way to Treat Bad Habits D．Acupuncture: a Traditional Way to Treat Health Problems 9 Feng Yao and Meng Qi found their city library didn’t have enough Braille (盲文) books for blind people and many of the Braille books were old. So they decided to help the blind by fixing the problem. Feng and Meng both studied at No.37 Middle School in Taiyuan, Shanxi. They invented (发明) a new kind of Braille reader. Their Braile reader can turn words into raised dots (凸起的点). Blind people can read by touching the dots. Their work won the first prize in a national competition. The competition helps young students to develop creative thinking and solve common problems. “We found that today’s Braille readers are very difficult and expensive,” Feng said. “So we wanted to develop a user-friendly product (产品) for young blind children from grades 1 to 3. It is only about 2,000 yuan.” After making their first machine, Feng and Meng visited a school for the blind to get advice and improved it according to the students’ needs, like changing the size of the screen and the space between the dots. “The latest Braille readers now are expensive for most blind people. We hope the product will be in use and help those blind people soon,” Meng told Taiyuan News. 1．Why did the two students invent a new kind of Braille reader? A．To make money. B．To win a reading competition. C．To help kids to solve problems. D．To make more Braille books available. 2．What did Feng and Meng do to improve the machine? a. visited the blind for advice     b. changed the number of the dots c. changed the size of the screen     d. learned Braille A．a and b B．a and c C．b and d D．c and d 3．What do you think of Feng Boyao and Meng Shuqi? A．Talented and helpful B．Outgoing and funny C．Handsome and quiet D．Strict and serious 10 How to Make a Mind Map with Mind Mapping Software Once you have learned what a mind map is, it’s time to get started! This page will describe how to make a mind map and follow best practices in doing so. We are sure you will be able to use a mind mapping software (软件）tool as well as pen and paper. Five Easy Steps to Make a Mind Map ①Enter the Main Topic. Start by entering the main subject in the center of the mind map. ②Make Topics. Create main branches(枝条）to enter your topics. The topics are about the main subject. ③ Create Sub-Topics(副标题）. Introduce your topics by making sub-topics. For examples,If you want to introduce Beijing,you can talk about the landmarks and history as sub-topics.Make sure to use fewer words. ④ Describe the Topics. If you need to show more information about the topics in your mind map, most software tools can help you make more branches. This will help you to make your topics clear . ⑤ Notes and Research. Take notes to your topics and attach (附上) research files—if your mind mapping software allows you to. It is faster and easier to make a mind map with mind mapping software.It’s also helpful to make your topic clear. 1．Where may you probably read the text ? A．In a tour guide. B．In a storybook. C．On a website. D．In a notebook. 2．Which of the following can be filled in _______? A．Asian cities. B．Famous countries. C．World capitals. D．Main buildings. 3．Why does the writer give an example in Step 3? A．To share what a topic is. B．To show the writer’s feeling. C．To explain how to make sub-topics. D．To support the idea with an example. 4．What is the writer trying to do in the text? A．Avoid using too many different mind maps. B．Encourage readers to try making mind maps with mind mapping software. C．Teach readers how to make a mind map with pen and paper. D．Help readers know useful mind mapping software tools. 11 Reduce poisoned birds A teenager from Hunan makes an award-winning invention Lai Yucheng, 14, from Changjun Furong Middle School in Changsha, Hunan, has achieved a great feat. He won a gold medal (奖牌) at the Paris International Exhibition of Inventions for his special project: an intelligent birds-protective and rodent control bait feeding device (智能防鸟误食灭鼠投饵生态监测装置). Lai got the idea for his project after seeing a bird die from eating poison (毒药) meant for mice at his school. After looking it up online and reading news stories, he found that this was a common problem. “I noticed that birds and mice are active at different times–birds during the day and mice at night,” said Lai. With this in mind, Lai made the device (装置) to be powered by photovoltaic energy (光伏能源). Photosensitive sensors (光敏传感器) control the doors, closing them during the day to protect birds and opening them at night for the mice. “This makes the device both good for the environment and use less energy,” said Lai. Lai carefully put together and fixed his invention, trying many times to make it work perfectly. He used organic (有机的) glass to create the part for the bait as well as the door that opens and closes. On the top, he made a special space for all the electronic (电子的) parts. Lastly, he put the solar panel (太阳能电池板) on top to power the whole set, finishing his smart device. Chen Shuizhang, Lai’s teacher, praised his hard work and problem-solving skills. “Lai is good at finding a problem in the real world and coming up with a cool solution. He keeps trying and fixing things until they work right, and he always plans things out carefully. That’s what made him stand out in this competition,” said Chen. 1．What is Lai’s device for? A．Catching birds at night. B．Developing new green energy. C．Killing as many mice as possible. D．Stopping birds from eating poison. 2．When the device catches daylight, it will _______. A．save energy B．catch mice C．close its door D．open its door 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．What powers the device. B．Why Lai invented the device. C．How Lai built his device. D．How to use the device. 4．Which word can replace the word “solution” in the last paragraph? A．Habit. B．Idea. C．Invention. D．Skill. 5．How can we describe Lai? A．He is honest and popular. B．He is friendly and talkative. C．He is lively and polite. D．He is smart and patient. 12 Joining tea with tech Chinese scientists create robots for picking tea Spring is here, and it is time to enjoy West Lake Longjing tea. Usually, we think of workers picking tea leaves by hand. But now, some Longjing tea is being picked by metal workers—tea-picking robots! In a Hangzhou tea garden, a smart tea-picking robot developed by Zhejiang Sci-Tech University set to work for the first time. “We took thousands of pictures of new tea buds (芽) and fed them to the robot for it to learn. The robot uses an AI model to recognize (识别) the buds it needs to pick,” said Professor Chen Jianneng, Party branch secretary (党支部书记) of the research team. This lets the robot find the right tea buds about 90 percent of the time. The robot’s arm pulls and then sucks (吸) up the tea buds. These buds are quickly moved into a special box. After the robot gathers all the buds from the area it’s working at, it moves the buds from the box to a main box that holds everything it collects. The robot was made because there are not enough people to pick tea. In Zhejiang, about 400,000 more pickers are needed now. “Picking is the biggest challenge for the development of the tea industry,” said Professor Wu Chuanyu, who leads the research team. “Tea-picking robots are a trend (趋势) of the future,” said Wu. In a positive (积极的) case, about five years from now, the robots will do the job of picking West Lake Longjing tea instead of people, Wu added. Hao Feifei contributed to this story. Room for improving ● Telling the difference Some tea buds look very much alike. Tea buds are also very close to each other. The weather also affects (影响) them. All these things make it hard for the robot to pick the right ones and pick them well. ● Getting stuck When there are small waterdrops on the tea leaf, the buds may stick to the walls of the tube (管) when being sucked into the machine. This can block the tube, and the robot will stop working. ● Working environment Robots can now only work on flat (平整的) ground and slopes (斜坡) under 15 degrees. However, many tea plants are on hills. The robots can’t deal with the hilly ground. 1．How can the robot find tea buds? A．Its arms are only shaped for picking tea buds. B．It takes pictures of tea buds and sends them back. C．People use an AI model to control it. D．It has read many pictures of tea buds. 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．What boxes the robot has. B．How the robot works. C．What kinds of tea buds are useful. D．How to move buds from one box to another. 3．Why do people use robots to pick tea? A．Because picking tea is a big challenge to human workers. B．Because there are too many human pickers. C．Because there are not enough tea pickers. D．Because robots recognize the buds better than humans. 4．What will happen to the West Lake Longjing tea according to Wu? A．Not so many people will drink Longjing tea. B．There may be few human pickers five years later. C．Robots can help taste the tea in the near future. D．Robots will do the job in all parts of the tea industry. 13 Stepping into safety A girl from Shanghai invents a tool that prevents car door accidents Have you ever almost bumped into (撞上) someone when opening the car door to get out? Ju Wenxuan, an eighth-grade student from Shanghai Yangpu Bilingual School, invented a device (设备) that could help reduce (减少) such accidents. “I noticed that during peak (高峰) hours when I was rushing to school and being seated in the back of a car, it was challenging to see if it was safe to open the car door,” Ju said. Ju found that there are devices that try to solve this problem. But they usually come with the newest smart cars and can’t be added to older cars. Hoping to make a difference, Ju worked on a new device that can be put on the car’s rearview mirror (后视镜). With remote-sensing image recognition (遥感图像识别) technology and a distance sensor (距离传感器), the device can find people or cars in the mirror as they get closer. It will sound an alarm when the door handle (把手) is pulled if any people or cars are close. To make sure her invention would be affordable for most people, Ju did a questionnaire survey (调查问卷) and discovered that most people wanted a device priced between 100 and 300 yuan. So she worked hard to bring down the cost of her device, such as using as few components (组件) as possible without lowering quality (降低质量). “If my invention can become a product used by more people, then it could reduce accidents. It could also be adapted (改造) for other uses, such as keeping children safe by sending an alarm when a stranger goes toward them,” Ju added. 1．What did Ju find on her way to school in peak hours? A．Sitting in the back of a car is unsafe. B．Many people bumped into the back doors of cars. C．Some people wouldn’t check before they got out of their cars. D．Getting out from the car’s backdoor could be dangerous for others. 2．How did Ju meet people’s needs for the device? A．She sold the device for less than 100 yuan. B．She gave people the device for free. C．She used fewer components. D．She used cheap components. 3．What does Ju think of her device? A．It uses the newest technologies. B．It can protect children in cars from strangers. C．It has many other possible uses. D．It is an important invention for the newest smart car. 14 Making a spark of hope A Gazan boy lights up his family’s tent with electricity he makes himself Using two fans he found at a market, the 15-year-old Hussam Al-Attar has made electricity (电) to light up his family’s tent. He and his family have been living in the tent since the start of Israel’s attack (袭击) on Gaza. Because of his talent, his neighbors in the tent camp called him “Gaza’s Newton”. “Newton was sitting under an apple tree when an apple fell on his head. And we here are living in darkness and tragedy (悲剧), and rockets are falling on us, so I thought of creating light, and did so,” Al-Attar said to Reuters. The Al-Attar family has connected their tent to the side of a house, allowing the boy to climb onto the roof and set up his two fans to charge batteries (电池). Then, he linked (连接) the fans to wires (电线) running down through the house and used switches (开关), lightbulbs and a thin piece of wood in the tent to make lighting for his family. It took him a while to succeed finally after his first two tries failed. “I was very happy that I was able to make this because I eased (减轻) the suffering (痛苦) of my family ... and everyone here who is suffering from the conditions that we live in during this war,” Al-Attar told the media. Al-Attar is still holding on to his dreams and hopes when this is probably the most difficult time of his life. “I am very happy that people in this camp call me ‘Gaza’s Newton’, because I hope to achieve my dream of becoming a scientist like Newton and creating an invention that will benefit (利益) not only the people of the Gaza Strip but the whole world,” he added. 1．What did Al-Attar want to do with his invention? A．Protect people from rockets. B．Change people’s lives and bring hope. C．Offer more places for people to live. D．Save electricity for the country. 2．How did the boy set his fans? A． B． C． D． 3．Which one is Al-Attar’s hope? A．Selling his invention to become rich. B．Calling a stop to wars all over the world. C．Helping his country win the war. D．Making something good for the whole world. 4．How can we describe AI-Attar? A．Agreeable and relaxed. B．Good-looking and outgoing. C．Creative and hopeful. D．Polite and gentle. 15 It is a pity that deaf people, or those who have hearing problems, can’t enjoy music. But now a vibrating suit (振动服) brings them hope—it can let them “feel” music through their body, rather than hear it. The special suit is able to change music into some vibrating pulses (节拍). And the users can choose different levels. Chase Burton, 33, a deaf film-maker from Texas, US, tested out the suit for four years. He understands that a deaf person’s experience with music is very different. “When I was a kid, I’d lie on the floor so I could feel the vibrations from my brother’s music playing.” Burton told CNN. Now when he wears the vibrating suit, he says the sound hits different parts of his body. “Maybe it will shake me strongly in my knees first. And then I’ll start to feel the vibrations in my back. And then I’ll feel some pulsations,” Burton said. The inventor worked on helping a large number of deaf people to have a chance of a musical experience. In 2016, some prototype (样品) suits were tested at a Lady Gaga concert in the US. The suit was also tested at a different concert in Las Vegas in 2019. It was given to 150 audiences (听众) at the concert, where half the audience members were deaf and half could hear. At the same time, the company improved the technology (科技) and planned to put it into the market soon. And the final goal of the company is to make the technology available to all. “We think anything that has an audio element (听觉元素) can also have a vibrational experience along with it as well,” the company’s talent and business development director, Jordan Richardson, told CNN. 1．How does the vibrating suit help deaf people? A．By improving their hearing. B．By changing the loudness of sound. C．By turning music into some vibrating pulses. D．By sending music to their ears easily and quickly. 2．Why does the writer mention Burton’s experience? A．To explain different ways people enjoy music. B．To tell how different it is for a deaf person to enjoy music. C．To show the sadness for not having the technology earlier. D．To call on inventors to make better clothes for deaf people. 3．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The suit. B．The music. C．The concert. D．The technology. 4．How does the writer show that the suit is helpful? A．By listing numbers. B．By using a saying. C．By giving examples. D．By making surveys. 5．What can be the best title for the text? A．Listen to the “Suit” B．Music Makes Life Colorful C．Wear a Suitable Suit D．The Development of Science ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024) Unit 3 Make it happen!主题阅读 必备知识清单 单元主题阅读 一、阅读主题 本单元聚焦于与发明创造有关的故事，这些故事带领学生踏入充满创意与智慧的发明世界。从古老的四大发明，到改变现代生活的互联网，发明创造贯穿人类历史，推动社会进步。阅读这类故事，学生能了解发明背景、过程与影响，见证发明者的奇思妙想与坚持。例如，通过阅读关于托马斯・爱迪生发明电灯的故事，学生知晓他历经无数次失败才成功，明白发明不仅需灵感，更要有坚韧不拔的毅力；阅读计算机发明历程，能体会科技发展的日新月异。这些故事激发学生对发明创造的兴趣，点燃他们心中创新的火种。 1.主题内涵 本主题围绕发明创造展开，深度挖掘发明诞生的时代背景、发明者面临的难题、解决问题的思路及发明对社会的深远影响。如电话发明前，人们远距离通信不便，贝尔通过不断实验，克服技术难关，最终成功发明电话，彻底改变通信方式，拉近人与人之间的距离。 2.素养体现 在阅读过程中，学生语言能力得以提升，学会描述发明的词汇与句式；思维品质得到锻炼，跟随发明者思考问题，培养创新思维与批判性思维；文化意识得以增强，了解不同国家发明创造背后的文化差异；学习能力也进一步提高，掌握阅读技巧，自主获取知识。 3.策略要求 阅读时，学生需运用预测策略，根据标题与图片猜测故事内容；利用略读把握文章大意，快速定位关键信息；通过精读理解细节，分析发明过程与原理；运用推断策略，依据上下文猜测生词含义，理解作者言外之意。 4.文化品质 发明创造故事蕴含丰富文化价值，展现不同国家和民族的智慧。中国古代四大发明彰显中华民族的创造力与对世界文明的贡献；西方工业革命中的众多发明体现西方勇于探索、追求进步的文化精神。学生阅读中能体会文化多样性，培养尊重不同文化的品质。 二、词汇句式 1.主题词汇 ②发明物类：computer（计算机），telephone（电话），television（电视），light bulb（灯泡），airplane（飞机），bicycle（自行车），camera（相机），microwave oven（微波炉），washing machine（洗衣机），refrigerator（冰箱），elevator（电梯），clock（时钟），compass（指南针），printing press（印刷机），steam engine（蒸汽机），automobile（汽车），radio（收音机），computer mouse（电脑鼠标），3D printer（3D 打印机），smartphone（智能手机），robot（机器人） ②动作行为类：invent（发明），create（创造），discover（发现），design（设计），develop（开发），improve（改进），experiment（实验），test（测试），try（尝试），build（建造），produce（生产），use（使用），operate（操作），apply（应用），introduce（介绍），launch（推出） ③人物身份类：inventor（发明家），scientist（科学家），engineer（工程师），creator（创造者），designer（设计师） ④品质特征类：creative（有创造力的），innovative（创新的），clever（聪明的），intelligent（智能的），brilliant（杰出的），determined（坚定的），persistent（坚持不懈的），hard - working（努力工作的），curious（好奇的），imaginative（富有想象力的） 2.主题句式 ①描述发明物功能 The [invention name] is used to + 动词原形（…… 被用来做……）。如：The telephone is used to communicate with people far away.（电话被用来与远方的人交流。） [Invention name] can + 动词原形（…… 能够……）。如：A camera can take pictures.（相机能够拍照。） [Invention name] enables sb. to + 动词原形（…… 使某人能够……）。如：The Internet enables us to get information easily.（互联网使我们能够轻松获取信息。） ②介绍发明过程 [Inventor] first + 动词过去式 and then + 动词过去式（…… 首先…… 然后……）。如：Bell first did many experiments and then invented the telephone.（贝尔首先做了许多实验，然后发明了电话。） After + 动词 - ing, [inventor] invented + [invention name]（在…… 之后，…… 发明了……）。如：After years of hard work, Edison invented the light bulb.（经过多年努力，爱迪生发明了电灯。） [Inventor] tried many times to + 动词原形 and finally succeeded in inventing + [invention name]（…… 尝试多次做…… 最终成功发明了……）。如：Wright brothers tried many times to make a flying machine and finally succeeded in inventing the airplane.（莱特兄弟多次尝试制造飞行器，最终成功发明了飞机。） ③评价发明及发明者 The invention of + [invention name] is really amazing /great/important because it + 句子（…… 的发明真的很惊人 / 伟大 / 重要，因为它……）。如：The invention of the computer is really important because it has changed our lives greatly.（计算机的发明真的很重要，因为它极大地改变了我们的生活。） [Inventor] is a very creative /intelligent person. He / She invented + [invention name] which + 句子（…… 是一个非常有创造力 / 聪明的人。他 / 她发明了……，它……）。如：Thomas Edison is a very creative person. He invented many things which have made our lives more convenient.（托马斯・爱迪生是一个非常有创造力的人。他发明了许多让我们生活更便利的东西。） Thanks to the invention of + [invention name], we can + 动词原形（多亏了…… 的发明，我们能够……）。如：Thanks to the invention of the automobile, we can travel faster and more comfortably.（多亏了汽车的发明，我们能够更快速、更舒适地旅行。） 三、阅读策略 预测：阅读前，引导学生观察文章标题、插图及小标题预测内容。看到标题 “The Invention of the Smartphone”，学生可推测文章会介绍智能手机发明背景、过程、功能及影响；若有手机从按键到触屏的进化图片，更能帮助学生细化预测，如可能提及技术革新推动外观与功能变化。 略读：让学生快速浏览文章，关注每段首句与尾句、黑体字、图表等关键部分，把握文章主旨与结构。如关于 “3D Printers” 的文章，学生略读可知先介绍起源，再讲工作原理，后阐述应用领域，整体结构清晰。 精读：精读时，学生仔细研读每个段落，理解句子间逻辑关系，分析长难句，把握细节。遇到介绍发明原理的复杂句子，如 “The engine works by burning fuel to produce energy which is then used to move the vehicle.”，学生可通过分析句子成分，理解发动机工作机制。 推断：遇到生词，鼓励学生利用上下文线索、构词法推断含义。如 “innovative” 一词，文中提到 “The innovative design of this new product attracted many customers.”，结合 “new product” 及 “attracted many customers” 可推测其意为 “创新的”；若学生知道 “novel” 有 “新奇的” 意思，结合 “in - ” 前缀表强调，也能猜出词义。 核心知识回顾 与创造发明及发明者相关的语篇结构及表达举例 一、语篇类型与结构 类型 结构特征 科技说明文 问题→解决方案→影响（Problem-Solution-Impact） 1. 提出社会 / 生活问题 2. 详述发明原理与创新点 3. 分析对人类生活的具体影响 人物传记 时间线 + 关键事件（Timeline+Key Events） 1. 发明者生平与职业轨迹 2. 发明契机与关键突破 3. 社会评价与遗产 对比分析类 异同点比较（Comparison-Contrast） 1. 横向对比：不同发明的原理 / 应用 2. 纵向对比：同一发明的历史演进 科普记叙文 现象→科学解释→未来展望（Phenomenon-Explanation-Prospect） 1. 描述科技现象 2. 解析背后的科学原理 3. 预测发展趋势 二、核心词汇分类 类别 高频词汇 发明与技术 invention（发明）, innovation（创新）, patent（专利）, prototype（原型）, automation（自动化）, algorithm（算法）, conductivity（导电性）, biodegradable（可生物降解的）, renewable（可再生的）, mechanism（机械装置） 发明者品质 perseverance（坚持）, curiosity（好奇心）, resilience（韧性）, adaptability（适应性）, empathy（同理心）, vision（远见）, pragmatism（务实）, ethics（伦理） 发明过程 trial and error（反复试验）, brainstorm（头脑风暴）, iterate（迭代）, optimize（优化）, simulate（模拟）, patent application（专利申请）, mass production（大规模生产） 影响与价值 revolutionize（彻底改变）, disrupt（颠覆）, enhance（提升）, sustainable（可持续的）, accessibility（可及性）, societal impact（社会影响） 综合实战演练 1 Many people know that robots explore space and build things in factories. But did you know that there are many other kinds of robots? Let’s meet some of these robots and find out what they do. Robot 1 If your family are moving to a new house, this two-legged robot is a good helper. It can lift several heavy boxes and carry them to the moving truck before returning inside for more. It has the ability to walk more carefully and skillfully than other robots. Robot 2 Powered by the sun, this robot works in a forest. It keeps an eye on everything from animal movements to the forest’s temperature, then sends the information back to the scientists. This robot can watch how the environment changes for a long period of time, which is difficult for humans. Robot 3 This pie-making robot is cutting a pie into pieces in the kitchen. It uses its arms to do all the things human cooks might do when they make food. But it makes much more food than human cooks. It can prepare a pie in 45 seconds and cook 80 pies an hour. It even divides your pie and boxes it up. Robot 4 This bright orange robot helps repair the machines under deep water. It can reach the part which is too deep for a human diver. Humans program where the robot should go and what it should do. This robot can also help humans explore the sea and discover new living things. But it can’t work for long underwater. 1．Which of the following shows the correct match between the robots and their working places? A．Robot 1—③, Robot 2—④, Robot 3—②, Robot 4—① B．Robot 1—②, Robot 2—①, Robot 3—③, Robot 4—④ C．Robot 1—②, Robot 2—④, Robot 3—③, Robot 4—① D．Robot 1—③, Robot 2—①, Robot 3—②, Robot 4—④ 2．Which one is RIGHT about Robot 3? A．It makes the food more delicious. B．It cooks different kinds of food. C．It prepares food at a faster speed. D．It keeps the kitchen clean and tidy. 3．What can Robot 2 and Robot 4 both do? A．Study the information for scientists. B．Keep working for a long period of time. C．Help humans learn more about the Earth. D．Do lots of heavy housework for people. 4．What does the underlined word “explore” mean? A．寻找 B．探索 C．检查 D．创造 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了不同种类的机器人。 1．细节理解题。根据“Robot 1 If your family are moving to a new house, this two-legged robot is a good helper. It can lift several heavy boxes and carry them to the moving truck before returning inside for more”可知，第一种机器人可以用于搬家时搬运沉重的箱子，故Robot 1和③对应；根据“Robot 2 Powered by the sun, this robot works in a forest”可知，第二种机器人在森林里工作，故Robot 2和④对应；根据“Robot 3 This pie-making robot is cutting a pie into pieces in the kitchen”可知，第三种机器人在厨房工作，故Robot 3和②对应；根据“Robot 4 This bright orange robot helps repair the machines under deep water”可知，第四种机器人在深水下工作，故Robot 4和①对应。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“But it makes much more food than human cooks.”可知，第三种机器人准备食物比较快。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“It keeps an eye on everything from animal movements to the forest’s temperature, then sends the information back to the scientists”可知，第二种机器人密切关注从动物运动到森林温度的一切，然后将信息发送给科学家；根据“This robot can also help humans explore the sea and discover new living things.”可知，第四种机器人可以帮助人类探索海洋，发现新的生物；可见这两种机器人可以帮助人类更多地了解地球。故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据“Many people know that robots explore space and build things in factories.”可知，此处表达机器人能够探索太空，explore意为“探索”。故选B。 2 Feng Boyao and Meng Shuqi found that their city library didn’t have enough Braille (盲文) books for blind people and many of the Braille books were out of date. So they teamed up to help the blind by solving the problem. Feng and Meng both studied at No. 37 Middle School in Taiyuan, Shanxi province. They invented a new kind of Braille reader. Their work won the first prize in a national competition which tries to nurture creative (创新) thinking by asking students to solve social problems. The invention was also given a national patent. When connected (连接) to a computer, their Braille reader can turn words into raised dots (凸起的点). Blind people can read by touching the dots, which are magnets (磁铁). This is the first Braille reader that uses magnets. “We found that today’s Braille readers are very difficult to use and expensive,” Feng said. “So, we decided to invent a user-friendly one, especially for young blind children from grades 1 to 3. Moreover, it only costs about 2000 yuan.” After making their first reader model, Feng and Meng visited a school for the blind to get advice and improved it to meet the students’ needs, like changing the size of the screen and the space between the dots. “We hope the invention will be popularized in the future to help those blind people who can’t buy the Braille reader. now,” Meng told Taiyuan News after the visit. 1．Why did the two students invent a new kind of Braille reader? A．To get a national patent. B．To hold a reading competition. C．To help the blind get more Braille books. D．To encourage kids to solve social problems. 2．What does the underlined word “nurture” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．培养 B．创造 C．想象 D．理解 3．Which is the correct order of the following events? ①Feng and Meng were interviewed by Taiyuan News. ②Many of the Braille books in the city library were out of date. ③Feng and Meng visited a school for the blind to learn about the students’ needs. ④They teamed up to help the blind by fixing the problem. A．②①③④ B．②④③① C．②④①③ D．②③①④ 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Feng and Meng are helpful and creative people. B．Feng and Meng solved many social problems together. C．Feng and Meng have started their own business as a team. D．The reader they invented are easy to use but more expensive. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．A Braille Reader. B．A User-friendly Product. C．The Need of Blind People. D．Two Teenagers and Their Invention. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了两个学生发明了盲人阅读器来帮助盲人阅读的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Feng Boyao and Meng Shuqi found that their city library didn’t have enough Braille (盲文) books for blind people and many of the Braille books were out of date.”和“So they teamed up to help the blind by solving the problem.”可知，发明盲人阅读器的目的是帮助盲人接触到更多的书籍。故选C。 2． 词句猜测题。根据“Their work won the first prize in a national competition which tries to nurture creative (创新) thinking by asking students to solve social problems.”可知，这里是指培养创新思维，所以划线单词是指培养。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Feng Boyao and Meng Shuqi found that their city library didn’t have enough Braille (盲文) books for blind people and many of the Braille books were out of date.”可知，市图书馆里的许多盲文书籍已经过时了，所以②在第一个；根据“So they teamed up to help the blind by solving the problem.”可知，他们联手解决这个问题，帮助盲人，所以④在第二个；根据“After making their first reader model, Feng and Meng visited a school for the blind to get advice and improved it to meet the students’ needs”可知，冯和孟去了一所盲人学校寻求建议，所以③在第三个；根据“Meng told Taiyuan News after the visit.”可知，这里是指他们接受了采访，所以①在最后一个。故选B 4．推理判断题。根据文中介绍两个学生发明阅读器帮助盲人，可知他们是有爱心和有创造力。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了两个学生发明了盲人阅读器来帮助盲人阅读的事。所以选项D“两个青少年和他们的发明”符合语境。故选D。 3 On February 25th, some elderly care robots were shown to the public. These robots are great helpers for old people and bring lots of convenience (便利) and happiness to their lives. These robots are very useful in daily life. They can remind old people to take medicine at the right time. As for those who have trouble walking, the robots can walk beside them. They use sensors (传感器) to know if the old people are not steady and stop them from falling. Some robots can even go outside with old people, like walking in the park or going to the nearby shops because they have navigation systems (导航系统). Loneliness is a big problem for many old people. But these robots can be good friends. They can talk to old people. They can tell interesting stories, like fairy tales or stories from history. They can also talk about everyday things, such as the weather, local news, or the latest TV shows. This not only makes old people feel less lonely but also helps their minds stay active. The robots can also do small jobs. They can pick up light things that old people drop, like a book or glasses. For housework, they can do easy things like cleaning the living room, folding clothes, or sweeping the floor. This helps old people keep their homes clean without getting too tired. In the future, these robots will probably have even more uses. They may be like family doctors. For example, they can check heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature all the time. If there is anything wrong, the robot can quickly tell family members or doctors. They might also be able to help with more difficult medical things, like helping to dress a wound (伤口) with a doctor’s help. As technology gets better, making these robots will cost less. Then more families can afford them. When more people can buy these robots, more money will be put into making them better. So, the robots will work even better and be of higher quality (质量). As the people gets older, more and more families need help taking care of the old. In the future, elderly care robots will play an important role in our society. 1．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “remind” in Chinese? A．提醒 B．要求 C．请求 D．回忆 2．Why are these robots especially helpful for the old people who live alone? A．They can repair broken furniture. B．They can help the old people find jobs. C．They can teach the old people how to use smartphones D．They can stay with them and help with daily tasks. 3．Which of the following statements is NOT right? A．Old people’s quality of life may be improved. B．Fewer families will need these robots in the future. C．The cost of making these robots will be low. D．More functions may be added to these robots in the future. 4．What can we know about the future of these robots? A．They will only be used in hospital. B．They will become less useful over time. C．They will become cheaper and better. D．They will replace all human work. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。围绕老年护理机器人展开，介绍其功能、对独居老人的帮助、未来发展趋势等内容。 1．词句猜测题。根据“They can remind old people to take medicine at the right time.”可知，机器人能在合适的时间“提醒”老人吃药。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Loneliness is a big problem for many old people. But these robots can be good friends. ... The robots can also do small jobs. They can pick up light things... For housework, they can do easy things...”可知，独居老人面临孤独问题，机器人既能陪伴聊天（缓解孤独），又能帮忙完成日常任务（如捡东西、做家务）。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“As the population gets older, more and more families need help”可知，随着人口的老化，越来越多的家庭需要帮助，而不是没有。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“As technology gets better, making these robots will cost less. ... more money will be put into making them better. So, the robots will work even better and be of higher quality.”可知，技术进步将使机器人成本降低（cheaper），同时质量和功能提升（better）。故选C。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第1段“总述老年护理机器人的作用”；第2-5段“分述机器人的具体功能和未来发展”；第6段“总结机器人未来的社会重要性”。所以文章结构对应“总—分—总”结构。故选B。 4 It might sound like magic, but in February, a paralyzed (瘫痪的) patient was able to drink water on his own by controlling a special glove with his brain. The glove then acted as his hand. This was a success in brain-machine interface (BMI,脑机接口) technology made by a team of Chinese scientists and doctors. BMI refers to creating a connection between the human brain and external devices (外部设备), making communication between the brain and computers. For paralyzed people, BMI can allow them to move and do simple things by themselves. On Oct 24, 2023, the team put a BMI chip (芯片) in the patient’s head. The chip can receive neural signals (神经信号) from the brain. After three months of home recovery training, the patient can now use his brain signals to control a special glove powered by air pressure. This helps him do things like drinking water on his own. BMI technology usually means putting chips directly onto the patient’s brain. However, this project is minimally invasive (微创的), making sure the patient’s brain is not harmed. So it is an important achievement. It also uses a wireless power supply (无线电源), so the implanted (植入的) device doesn’t need a battery. Li Yuanning from ShanghaiTech University told CCTV News that BMI is now mainly used in the medical field to improve the lives of people with brain-related problems or speech difficulties. In China, BMI technology is still in the early stages of research, with no products on the market yet. Some people are worried that tests may influence patients’ independence (独立) and even who they are. Ethical concerns (伦理问题) related to BMI also need to be solved. These include whether the patient has a clear understanding of what is going on when they agree to take part in the test. 1．What is China’s recent success in BMI? A．A BMI chip was successfully put into a patient’s brain. B．BMI helped a paralyzed patient drink water on his own. C．A paralyzed patient can move freely with a BMI chip. D．A paralyzed patient can communicate with computers. 2．What is the advantage of the new BMI technology? A．It doesn’t harm patients’ brains. B．It doesn’t need any power. C．It understands patients’ needs correctly. D．It helps people improve their speech skills. 3．What do we know from the last paragraph? A．Many people are against BMI technology. B．The tests of BMI are at high risk of failure. C．BMI technology is still under development. D．BMI technology is widely used in the medical field. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 【解析】本文主要讲述中国科学家和医生团队在脑机接口（BMI）技术方面取得的突破性进展，通过植入芯片帮助瘫痪患者实现自主喝水等功能，并探讨了该技术的优势和发展现状。 1．细节理解题。根据“a paralyzed (瘫痪的) patient was able to drink water on his own by controlling a special glove with his brain”和“This was a success in brain-machine interface (BMI,脑机接口) technology made by a team of Chinese scientists and doctors.”可知，中国团队的BMI技术成功帮助瘫痪患者通过大脑控制手套自主喝水。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“this project is minimally invasive (微创的), making sure the patient’s brain is not harmed”可知，新技术的关键优势是微创性，避免脑部损伤。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“In China, BMI technology is still in the early stages of research, with no products on the market yet”可推知，该技术尚处于研发初期，故可推测出，BMI技术仍在开发中。故选C。 5 Young Heroes Changing China In China, many young people are doing amazing things. Let’s meet four talented youth who are making a difference. Jiao Zi, director of “Ne Zha 2”, uses creativity to bring old Chinese stories to life. Liang Wenfeng started DeepSeek, working on new areas of AI technology. Wang Xingxing created dancing robots for “Yang BOT” show. His robots can perform dancing, carry heavy things, make friends with people, and even help save lives. Feng Ji made China’s first big video game “Black Myth: Wukong”, showing China’s growing tech skills. These young heroes paint colorful pictures for China’s future. They bring fresh ideas to technology and culture, helping our country become stronger. As China grows, more youth will follow their steps to create new things. What makes them special? They know their goals and aren’t afraid to try. When they face hard things, they keep working hard. They have big dreams but also take small steps every day. They believe if they never give up, they can make anything happen. Your dreams matter, too! Don’t rush—every effort counts. Keep trying even when it’s difficult. Believe in yourself, and you’ll surprise everyone, including yourself! Remember: Great things start with brave hearts and hard work. 1．What can Wang Xingxing’s robots do according to the passage? ①Dance ② Be friendly to people ③ Carry things ④ Write stories A．①②④ B．②③④ C．①②③ D．①③④ 2．What’s the meaning of the underline word “They” in Paragraph 4? A．Chinese traditional or modern stories B．The four young heroes mentioned in the article C．The living ways of the young Chinese D．The robots created by Wang Xingxing 3．Which pictures are from the old Chinese stories? A．①② B．③④ C．①③ D．②④ 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1…) A． B． C． D． 5．What does the writer want readers to learn from the passage? A．To talk about China’s technology development. B．To follow the history of Chinese video games. C．To make traditional and modern Chinese culture easy. D．To tell readers to reach their dreams through hard work. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．D 【解析】本文讲述了四位中国年轻人在技术和文化领域做出的杰出贡献，展示了他们如何通过创新和努力推动中国的发展。 1．细节理解题。根据“Wang Xingxing created dancing robots for ‘Yang BOT’ show. His robots can perform dancing, carry heavy things, make friends with people, and even help save lives.”可知，他的机器人可以跳舞、与人友好相处、搬运重物。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“What makes them special? They know their goals and aren’t afraid to try.”可知，下划线的“They”指的是文章中提到的四位年轻英雄。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Jiao Zi, director of ‘Ne Zha 2’, uses creativity to bring old Chinese stories to life.”以及“Feng Ji made China’s first big video game ‘Black Myth: Wukong’”可知，《哪吒2》和《黑神话：悟空》都来自中国古老的故事。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。根据文章结构，第一段引出主题；第二三段介绍四位年轻英雄，第四五段总结他们的精神以及鼓励读者追求梦想。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“Your dreams matter, too! Don’t rush—every effort counts. Keep trying even when it’s difficult. Believe in yourself, and you’ll surprise everyone, including yourself! Remember: Great things start with brave hearts and hard work.”可知，作者希望读者通过努力实现梦想。故选D。 6 Toothpaste (牙膏) is an important part of our life, It keeps our teeth strong and clean. Even if we don’t notice it, we use it every day. Use stones to clean teeth Egyptians (埃及人) were the first to start using toothpaste about 7,000 years ago. They washed their teeth with tortoise blood (乌龟血) three times a year. Later, the Greeks used crushed stones (碎石) as toothpaste. Kids at that time put stones into their mouths to clean their teeth! Modern toothpaste started in the 1800s. Benefits of brushing teeth It is good to brush your teeth after every meal. Toothpaste can prevent toothache. It can help fight against bad breath. But there are some harmful chemicals (有害化学物质) in it. Chocolate toothpaste There are many kinds of toothpaste today. They are different in size, taste and colour. A New Orleans company in the US called Theodent made the first chocolate toothpaste last year. This kind of toothpaste uses some material (物质) from chocolate. But it doesn’t have any sugar. Do you want to try it? Largest toothpaste collection Dr Val Kolpakov is a dentist in the US. He collected over 1,800 kinds of toothpaste from his friends over the world. He set the record for the largest toothpaste collection. 1．What did the Greeks use to clean their teeth? A．Tortoise blood. B．Crushed stones. C．Modern toothpaste. D．Some chemicals. 2．The underlined word “Benefits” means “________”. A．ways you brush teeth B．steps you have to follow C．the help that you get from it D．the bad thing that you meet 3．From the text, we can infer (推断) that ________. A．Theodent is an inventor B．chocolate toothpaste has sugar C．Val Kolpakov enjoys collecting toothpaste D．all of the toothpaste is very harmful 4．How is the text organized?  (①=Paragraph 1...) A． B． C． D． 5．Where can you most probably read this passage? A．In a fairy tale. B．In a dictionary. C．In a guidebook. D．In a magazine. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 【解析】本文介绍牙膏的历史、种类、益处及趣味知识。 1．细节理解题。根据“Later, the Greeks used crushed stones (碎石) as toothpaste.”可知，希腊人使用碎石来清洁牙齿。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据上下文“Benefits of brushing teeth”及后续内容“It can help fight against bad breath.”等可知，Benefits指的是刷牙带来的好处或帮助。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Dr Val Kolpakov is a dentist in the US. He collected over 1,800 kinds of toothpaste…”可推断Val Kolpakov喜欢收集牙膏。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。第一段总述牙膏的重要性；第二段介绍古代牙膏；第三段讲刷牙好处；第四段介绍牙膏的品种，第五段介绍最大的牙膏收集。所以第一段总写，第二、第三、第四和第五段分写。故选B。 5．推理判断题。本文介绍牙膏的历史、种类、益处及趣味知识，属于科普类内容，最可能出现在杂志中。故选 D。 7 ①People who have trouble walking or moving around often have a hard time enjoying the beach. But hundreds of beaches in Greece (希腊) now offer a new way for people in wheelchairs to get into the water by themselves. It’s called Seatrac. ②Seatrac is a chair on a moving ramp (坡道). It can carry a disabled person into the sea. Once in the sea, the person can either stay in the chair, enjoying the water, or go for a swim. When the person wants to get out of the water, he can use the remote control (遥控器) to bring the chair back to the top of the ramp. It’s even possible for him or her to take a shower in the chair after a swim. ③Seatrac was invented and developed in Greece. The idea for it came when one of the inventors, Ignatios Fotiou, was talking with a friend who used a wheelchair. The friend said he enjoyed the sea, but didn’t like having to be carried into the ocean. ④Mr. Fotiou wanted to find an easier way for wheelchair users to get into the water. He worked hard with others to develop the Seatrac system. He made the system simple to put in place and easy to run. A wooden walkway allows wheelchair users to reach the Seatrac. The system is solar-powered (太阳能的), and can keep running even if the electricity (电) goes out. ⑤This summer, the Seatrac system is being used at over 220 beaches in Greece and other countries. Thanks to Seatrac, people who use wheelchairs now can cool down in the sea. 1．What can Seatrac do according to the passage? A．Help the disabled go home after a swim. B．Choose a suitable beach for the disabled. C．Help the disabled get in and out of the sea safely. D．Make the disabled move around the beach freely. 2．What made Mr. Fotiou decide to develop Seatrac? A．His partner’s advice. B．His deep love for the sea. C．His friend’s difficulty. D．His wish to make friends. 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The development of the electricity. B．The strong points of the Seatrac system. C．The future of solar-powered wheelchairs. D．The friendship between Fotiou and his friend. 4．Which of the following can best describe Seatrac according to the last paragraph？ A．Popular. B．Cheap. C．Natural. D．Dangerous. 5．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To show the development of the Seatrac system. B．To encourage care for disabled people around us. C．To give advice on using solar-powered wheelchairs. D．To introduce a new invention for wheelchair users. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了希腊发明的一种名为Seatrac的系统，帮助坐轮椅的残疾人自主进出海水享受海滩。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第②段“Seatrac is a chair on a moving ramp... It can carry a disabled person into the sea... When the person wants to get out of the water, he can use the remote control...”可知，Seatrac能帮助残疾人安全进出海水。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第③段“The idea for it came when... a friend who used a wheelchair... didn’t like having to be carried into the ocean”可知，Fotiou因朋友的困难而决定开发Seatrac。故选C。 3．段落大意题。根据“He made the system simple to put in place and easy to run. A wooden walkway allows wheelchair users to reach the Seatrac. The system is solar-powered (太阳能的), and can keep running even if the electricity (电) goes out.”可知，第④段主要描述Seatrac系统的优点：操作简单、太阳能驱动、停电仍可使用等。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第⑤段“the Seatrac system is being used at over 220 beaches in Greece and other countries”可知，Seatrac被广泛使用，说明其受欢迎。故选A。 5．推理判断题。 全文围绕Seatrac的功能、发明背景及优势展开，目的是向读者介绍这一新发明。故选D。 8 Acupuncture (针灸), or the use of “magic needles”, is one of the most well-known treatments in Chinese medicine. It started a long time ago, possibly as early as 2000 BC． In the Stone Age, people used tools called bian to press parts of the body. Later, they used metal ones like gold and silver. Today, most acupuncturists use stainless steel (不锈钢) needles, which are thinner and sharper than before. During a visit to an acupuncture hospital, the acupuncturist first looks at the patient’s skin, tongue, and listens to their voice and breath. They also ask questions about the patient’s health and feel their pulse (脉搏). According to acupuncture ideas, the pulse shows the energy level of different body parts. Based on this check, the acupuncturist chooses points on the body called acupuncture points. Thin needles are placed into these points to help fix the problem. So far, more than 360 points have been found, each connected to a body part. Acupuncture is used for many health problems, such as pain, high blood pressure and stomach problems. _________ Besides, it can be used to treat bad habits, like drinking too much and smoking. Although it is not fully clear how acupuncture works, there are some explanations. One is that it stops pain from going to the brain. Another is that it helps the body reduce pain. Acupuncture became popular in many Asian countries, like Japan, and was introduced to the West in the 16th century. In 2010, it was added to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List (非遗名单). Today, it is used worldwide, with the World Health Organization suggesting it for over 100 health problems. 1．What can we infer about acupuncture tools from Paragraph 1? A．Acupuncture tools have always been made of stainless steel. B．Acupuncture tools have changed and become better over time. C．The tools used in the Stone Age were exactly the same as today’s. D．Modern acupuncture tools are less sharp than those in ancient times. 2．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ________? A．It mainly works on problems on the animals. B．It also helps patients improve their lifestyles. C．It also helps add up pain in some body parts. D．Also, it can treat (治疗) other health problems like stress. 3．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the last paragraph? A．To show the use and popularity of acupuncture. B．To explain how acupuncture is practiced today. C．To introduce the history and cultural background. D．To support the points by using his personal stories. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．Ways to Use Acupuncture Needles B．The History of the Acupuncture Tools C．Acupuncture: a Traditional Way to Treat Bad Habits D．Acupuncture: a Traditional Way to Treat Health Problems 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了针灸作为传统疗法的历史、原理及全球应用，重点是其治疗多种健康问题的功能。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“In the Stone Age, people used tools called bian to press parts of the body. Later, they used metal ones like gold and silver. Today, most acupuncturists use stainless steel (不锈钢) needles, which are thinner and sharper than before.”可知，石器时代用bian，后用金属针，现代用更细更锋利的不锈钢针，说明工具随时代改进。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Acupuncture is used for many health problems, such as pain, high blood pressure and stomach problems.”以及“Besides, it can be used to treat bad habits, like drinking too much and smoking.”可知，列举了针灸治疗的疾病如疼痛、高血压等，后文提到了治疗坏习惯。故空处会引入另一类健康问题。选项D“它也治疗其他像压力的其他健康问题。”最合适放在空处。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。根据“Acupuncture became popular in many Asian countries, like Japan, and... it for over 100 health problems.”可知，最后一段提到针灸传播至亚洲、西方，列入非遗，世卫推荐，故本段的目的是强调其广泛应用和认可。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了针灸作为传统疗法的历史、原理及全球应用，重点是其治疗多种健康问题的功能。故最佳标题是：针灸：一种传统的治疗健康问题的传统方式。故选D。 9 Feng Yao and Meng Qi found their city library didn’t have enough Braille (盲文) books for blind people and many of the Braille books were old. So they decided to help the blind by fixing the problem. Feng and Meng both studied at No.37 Middle School in Taiyuan, Shanxi. They invented (发明) a new kind of Braille reader. Their Braile reader can turn words into raised dots (凸起的点). Blind people can read by touching the dots. Their work won the first prize in a national competition. The competition helps young students to develop creative thinking and solve common problems. “We found that today’s Braille readers are very difficult and expensive,” Feng said. “So we wanted to develop a user-friendly product (产品) for young blind children from grades 1 to 3. It is only about 2,000 yuan.” After making their first machine, Feng and Meng visited a school for the blind to get advice and improved it according to the students’ needs, like changing the size of the screen and the space between the dots. “The latest Braille readers now are expensive for most blind people. We hope the product will be in use and help those blind people soon,” Meng told Taiyuan News. 1．Why did the two students invent a new kind of Braille reader? A．To make money. B．To win a reading competition. C．To help kids to solve problems. D．To make more Braille books available. 2．What did Feng and Meng do to improve the machine? a. visited the blind for advice     b. changed the number of the dots c. changed the size of the screen     d. learned Braille A．a and b B．a and c C．b and d D．c and d 3．What do you think of Feng Boyao and Meng Shuqi? A．Talented and helpful B．Outgoing and funny C．Handsome and quiet D．Strict and serious 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了两个学生发明了盲人阅读器来帮助盲人阅读的事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Feng Yao and Meng Qi found their city library didn’t have enough Braille (盲文) books for blind people and many of the Braille books were old.”可知，目的是增加可用盲文资源。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Feng and Meng visited a school for the blind to get advice and improved it according to the students’ needs, like changing the size of the screen and the space between the dots.”可知，他们访问盲校获取建议，并根据需求调整屏幕尺寸和点间距，但未提及改变点数或学习盲文。故选B。 3． 推理判断题。通读全文可知，两人自主发明实用设备解决社会问题，主动收集用户反馈改进，且产品价格亲民，体现“有才华”和“乐于助人”。故选A。 10 How to Make a Mind Map with Mind Mapping Software Once you have learned what a mind map is, it’s time to get started! This page will describe how to make a mind map and follow best practices in doing so. We are sure you will be able to use a mind mapping software (软件）tool as well as pen and paper. Five Easy Steps to Make a Mind Map ①Enter the Main Topic. Start by entering the main subject in the center of the mind map. ②Make Topics. Create main branches(枝条）to enter your topics. The topics are about the main subject. ③ Create Sub-Topics(副标题）. Introduce your topics by making sub-topics. For examples,If you want to introduce Beijing,you can talk about the landmarks and history as sub-topics.Make sure to use fewer words. ④ Describe the Topics. If you need to show more information about the topics in your mind map, most software tools can help you make more branches. This will help you to make your topics clear . ⑤ Notes and Research. Take notes to your topics and attach (附上) research files—if your mind mapping software allows you to. It is faster and easier to make a mind map with mind mapping software.It’s also helpful to make your topic clear. 1．Where may you probably read the text ? A．In a tour guide. B．In a storybook. C．On a website. D．In a notebook. 2．Which of the following can be filled in _______? A．Asian cities. B．Famous countries. C．World capitals. D．Main buildings. 3．Why does the writer give an example in Step 3? A．To share what a topic is. B．To show the writer’s feeling. C．To explain how to make sub-topics. D．To support the idea with an example. 4．What is the writer trying to do in the text? A．Avoid using too many different mind maps. B．Encourage readers to try making mind maps with mind mapping software. C．Teach readers how to make a mind map with pen and paper. D．Help readers know useful mind mapping software tools. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何用思维导图软件制作思维导图。 1．推理判断题。文中讲的是如何使用思维导图软件制作思维导图，且文体更像在线教程或说明，因此最可能出现在网站上。故选C。 2． 推理判断题。根据思维导图中的城市名“Beijing”；“London”；“Washington”以及“Paris”可知，这些是世界上一些国家的首都的名字，因此设空处填World capitals。故选C。 3． 推理判断题。第三步用了“北京”的例子，目的是示范如何为话题设置“副标题”，所以是为了说明怎样创建子话题“sub-topics”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“This page will describe how to make a mind map and follow best practices in doing so.”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍制作思维导图的步骤和好处，并推荐使用思维导图软件，因此作者接下来会鼓励读者去尝试使用软件来制作思维导图。故选B。 11 Reduce poisoned birds A teenager from Hunan makes an award-winning invention Lai Yucheng, 14, from Changjun Furong Middle School in Changsha, Hunan, has achieved a great feat. He won a gold medal (奖牌) at the Paris International Exhibition of Inventions for his special project: an intelligent birds-protective and rodent control bait feeding device (智能防鸟误食灭鼠投饵生态监测装置). Lai got the idea for his project after seeing a bird die from eating poison (毒药) meant for mice at his school. After looking it up online and reading news stories, he found that this was a common problem. “I noticed that birds and mice are active at different times–birds during the day and mice at night,” said Lai. With this in mind, Lai made the device (装置) to be powered by photovoltaic energy (光伏能源). Photosensitive sensors (光敏传感器) control the doors, closing them during the day to protect birds and opening them at night for the mice. “This makes the device both good for the environment and use less energy,” said Lai. Lai carefully put together and fixed his invention, trying many times to make it work perfectly. He used organic (有机的) glass to create the part for the bait as well as the door that opens and closes. On the top, he made a special space for all the electronic (电子的) parts. Lastly, he put the solar panel (太阳能电池板) on top to power the whole set, finishing his smart device. Chen Shuizhang, Lai’s teacher, praised his hard work and problem-solving skills. “Lai is good at finding a problem in the real world and coming up with a cool solution. He keeps trying and fixing things until they work right, and he always plans things out carefully. That’s what made him stand out in this competition,” said Chen. 1．What is Lai’s device for? A．Catching birds at night. B．Developing new green energy. C．Killing as many mice as possible. D．Stopping birds from eating poison. 2．When the device catches daylight, it will _______. A．save energy B．catch mice C．close its door D．open its door 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．What powers the device. B．Why Lai invented the device. C．How Lai built his device. D．How to use the device. 4．Which word can replace the word “solution” in the last paragraph? A．Habit. B．Idea. C．Invention. D．Skill. 5．How can we describe Lai? A．He is honest and popular. B．He is friendly and talkative. C．He is lively and polite. D．He is smart and patient. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 【解析】本文讲述了湖南长沙14岁男孩赖雨澄发明智能防鸟误食灭鼠投饵生态监测装置的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“an intelligent birds-protective and rodent control bait feeding device (智能防鸟误食灭鼠投饵生态监测装置).”可知，该装置用于防止鸟类误食毒药。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Photosensitive sensors (光敏传感器) control the doors, closing them during the day to protect birds and opening them at night for the mice.”可知，白天有光照时装置会关闭门。故选C。 3．段落主旨题。第四段详细描述了Lai如何组装装置，包括使用有机玻璃制作部件、电子元件布局及太阳能板安装。故选C。 4．词义猜测题。根据“Lai is good at finding a problem in the real world and coming up with a cool solution.”可知，solution指代解决实际问题的具体方案，idea“想法，主意”含义最接近。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“praised his hard work and problem-solving skills”及反复调试装置的描述可知，体现了他兼具聪明才智和耐心。故选D。 12 Joining tea with tech Chinese scientists create robots for picking tea Spring is here, and it is time to enjoy West Lake Longjing tea. Usually, we think of workers picking tea leaves by hand. But now, some Longjing tea is being picked by metal workers—tea-picking robots! In a Hangzhou tea garden, a smart tea-picking robot developed by Zhejiang Sci-Tech University set to work for the first time. “We took thousands of pictures of new tea buds (芽) and fed them to the robot for it to learn. The robot uses an AI model to recognize (识别) the buds it needs to pick,” said Professor Chen Jianneng, Party branch secretary (党支部书记) of the research team. This lets the robot find the right tea buds about 90 percent of the time. The robot’s arm pulls and then sucks (吸) up the tea buds. These buds are quickly moved into a special box. After the robot gathers all the buds from the area it’s working at, it moves the buds from the box to a main box that holds everything it collects. The robot was made because there are not enough people to pick tea. In Zhejiang, about 400,000 more pickers are needed now. “Picking is the biggest challenge for the development of the tea industry,” said Professor Wu Chuanyu, who leads the research team. “Tea-picking robots are a trend (趋势) of the future,” said Wu. In a positive (积极的) case, about five years from now, the robots will do the job of picking West Lake Longjing tea instead of people, Wu added. Hao Feifei contributed to this story. Room for improving ● Telling the difference Some tea buds look very much alike. Tea buds are also very close to each other. The weather also affects (影响) them. All these things make it hard for the robot to pick the right ones and pick them well. ● Getting stuck When there are small waterdrops on the tea leaf, the buds may stick to the walls of the tube (管) when being sucked into the machine. This can block the tube, and the robot will stop working. ● Working environment Robots can now only work on flat (平整的) ground and slopes (斜坡) under 15 degrees. However, many tea plants are on hills. The robots can’t deal with the hilly ground. 1．How can the robot find tea buds? A．Its arms are only shaped for picking tea buds. B．It takes pictures of tea buds and sends them back. C．People use an AI model to control it. D．It has read many pictures of tea buds. 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．What boxes the robot has. B．How the robot works. C．What kinds of tea buds are useful. D．How to move buds from one box to another. 3．Why do people use robots to pick tea? A．Because picking tea is a big challenge to human workers. B．Because there are too many human pickers. C．Because there are not enough tea pickers. D．Because robots recognize the buds better than humans. 4．What will happen to the West Lake Longjing tea according to Wu? A．Not so many people will drink Longjing tea. B．There may be few human pickers five years later. C．Robots can help taste the tea in the near future. D．Robots will do the job in all parts of the tea industry. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇科技类说明文，主要介绍了中国科学家研发的采茶机器人及其工作原理、应用背景和当前面临的挑战。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“We took thousands of pictures of new tea buds… The robot uses an AI model to recognize the buds it needs to pick”可知，机器人通过分析大量茶芽图片的AI模型识别目标茶芽。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。第3段描述机器人采摘茶芽的流程：机械臂抓取→吸管吸取→暂存盒转移→主盒收集。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第4段“The robot was made because there are not enough people to pick tea”及“In Zhejiang, about 400,000 more pickers are needed now.”可知缺40万采茶工，直接说明人力短缺是主因。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第5段“In a positive (积极的) case, about five years from now, the robots will do the job of picking West Lake Longjing tea instead of people, Wu added.”可知吴教授预测约5年后机器人将替代人工采摘西湖龙井，对应未来人力减少的趋势。故选B。 13 Stepping into safety A girl from Shanghai invents a tool that prevents car door accidents Have you ever almost bumped into (撞上) someone when opening the car door to get out? Ju Wenxuan, an eighth-grade student from Shanghai Yangpu Bilingual School, invented a device (设备) that could help reduce (减少) such accidents. “I noticed that during peak (高峰) hours when I was rushing to school and being seated in the back of a car, it was challenging to see if it was safe to open the car door,” Ju said. Ju found that there are devices that try to solve this problem. But they usually come with the newest smart cars and can’t be added to older cars. Hoping to make a difference, Ju worked on a new device that can be put on the car’s rearview mirror (后视镜). With remote-sensing image recognition (遥感图像识别) technology and a distance sensor (距离传感器), the device can find people or cars in the mirror as they get closer. It will sound an alarm when the door handle (把手) is pulled if any people or cars are close. To make sure her invention would be affordable for most people, Ju did a questionnaire survey (调查问卷) and discovered that most people wanted a device priced between 100 and 300 yuan. So she worked hard to bring down the cost of her device, such as using as few components (组件) as possible without lowering quality (降低质量). “If my invention can become a product used by more people, then it could reduce accidents. It could also be adapted (改造) for other uses, such as keeping children safe by sending an alarm when a stranger goes toward them,” Ju added. 1．What did Ju find on her way to school in peak hours? A．Sitting in the back of a car is unsafe. B．Many people bumped into the back doors of cars. C．Some people wouldn’t check before they got out of their cars. D．Getting out from the car’s backdoor could be dangerous for others. 2．How did Ju meet people’s needs for the device? A．She sold the device for less than 100 yuan. B．She gave people the device for free. C．She used fewer components. D．She used cheap components. 3．What does Ju think of her device? A．It uses the newest technologies. B．It can protect children in cars from strangers. C．It has many other possible uses. D．It is an important invention for the newest smart car. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 【解析】本文主要讲述了上海八年级学生居文萱，因高峰时段乘车发现开门安全隐患，发明可安装在汽车后视镜上的设备，该设备利用技术防“开门杀”，她还通过调研控成本，希望其发明能减少事故并拓展其他用途。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“‘I noticed that during peak (高峰) hours when I was rushing to school and being seated in the back of a car, it was challenging to see if it was safe to open the car door,’ Ju said.”可知，在高峰时段从车后座下车时，很难判断开门是否安全，即从车后门下车可能会对他人造成危险，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“So she worked hard to bring down the cost of her device, such as using as few components (组件) as possible without lowering quality (降低质量).”可知，为满足人们对设备价格的需求，她通过使用尽可能少的组件来降低成本，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“If my invention can become a product used by more people, then it could reduce accidents. It could also be adapted (改造) for other uses, such as keeping children safe by sending an alarm when a stranger goes toward them”可知，Ju认为她的发明有很多其他可能的用途 ，故选C。 14 Making a spark of hope A Gazan boy lights up his family’s tent with electricity he makes himself Using two fans he found at a market, the 15-year-old Hussam Al-Attar has made electricity (电) to light up his family’s tent. He and his family have been living in the tent since the start of Israel’s attack (袭击) on Gaza. Because of his talent, his neighbors in the tent camp called him “Gaza’s Newton”. “Newton was sitting under an apple tree when an apple fell on his head. And we here are living in darkness and tragedy (悲剧), and rockets are falling on us, so I thought of creating light, and did so,” Al-Attar said to Reuters. The Al-Attar family has connected their tent to the side of a house, allowing the boy to climb onto the roof and set up his two fans to charge batteries (电池). Then, he linked (连接) the fans to wires (电线) running down through the house and used switches (开关), lightbulbs and a thin piece of wood in the tent to make lighting for his family. It took him a while to succeed finally after his first two tries failed. “I was very happy that I was able to make this because I eased (减轻) the suffering (痛苦) of my family ... and everyone here who is suffering from the conditions that we live in during this war,” Al-Attar told the media. Al-Attar is still holding on to his dreams and hopes when this is probably the most difficult time of his life. “I am very happy that people in this camp call me ‘Gaza’s Newton’, because I hope to achieve my dream of becoming a scientist like Newton and creating an invention that will benefit (利益) not only the people of the Gaza Strip but the whole world,” he added. 1．What did Al-Attar want to do with his invention? A．Protect people from rockets. B．Change people’s lives and bring hope. C．Offer more places for people to live. D．Save electricity for the country. 2．How did the boy set his fans? A． B． C． D． 3．Which one is Al-Attar’s hope? A．Selling his invention to become rich. B．Calling a stop to wars all over the world. C．Helping his country win the war. D．Making something good for the whole world. 4．How can we describe AI-Attar? A．Agreeable and relaxed. B．Good-looking and outgoing. C．Creative and hopeful. D．Polite and gentle. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【解析】本文主要报道了被称为“加沙牛顿”的15岁少年发明为帐篷供电的照明装置，带给难民光明。 1．细节理解题。根据“I hope to achieve my dream of becoming a scientist like Newton and creating an invention that will benefit (利益) not only the people of the Gaza Strip but the whole world”可知，Al-Attar希望通过他的发明改变人们的生活并带来希望。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The Al-Attar family has connected their tent to the side of a house, allowing the boy to climb onto the roof and set up his two fans to charge batteries (电池).”可知，男孩将风扇安装在屋顶上，并通过电线连接到帐篷内。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“I hope to achieve my dream of becoming a scientist like Newton and creating an invention that will benefit (利益) not only the people of the Gaza Strip but the whole world”可知，Al-Attar的梦想是发明一些对全世界有益的东西。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文中“Al-Attar is still holding on to his dreams and hopes when this is probably the most difficult time of his life.”以及他自制发电机的行为，可以推断出他是一个富有创造力和充满希望的人。故选C。 15 It is a pity that deaf people, or those who have hearing problems, can’t enjoy music. But now a vibrating suit (振动服) brings them hope—it can let them “feel” music through their body, rather than hear it. The special suit is able to change music into some vibrating pulses (节拍). And the users can choose different levels. Chase Burton, 33, a deaf film-maker from Texas, US, tested out the suit for four years. He understands that a deaf person’s experience with music is very different. “When I was a kid, I’d lie on the floor so I could feel the vibrations from my brother’s music playing.” Burton told CNN. Now when he wears the vibrating suit, he says the sound hits different parts of his body. “Maybe it will shake me strongly in my knees first. And then I’ll start to feel the vibrations in my back. And then I’ll feel some pulsations,” Burton said. The inventor worked on helping a large number of deaf people to have a chance of a musical experience. In 2016, some prototype (样品) suits were tested at a Lady Gaga concert in the US. The suit was also tested at a different concert in Las Vegas in 2019. It was given to 150 audiences (听众) at the concert, where half the audience members were deaf and half could hear. At the same time, the company improved the technology (科技) and planned to put it into the market soon. And the final goal of the company is to make the technology available to all. “We think anything that has an audio element (听觉元素) can also have a vibrational experience along with it as well,” the company’s talent and business development director, Jordan Richardson, told CNN. 1．How does the vibrating suit help deaf people? A．By improving their hearing. B．By changing the loudness of sound. C．By turning music into some vibrating pulses. D．By sending music to their ears easily and quickly. 2．Why does the writer mention Burton’s experience? A．To explain different ways people enjoy music. B．To tell how different it is for a deaf person to enjoy music. C．To show the sadness for not having the technology earlier. D．To call on inventors to make better clothes for deaf people. 3．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The suit. B．The music. C．The concert. D．The technology. 4．How does the writer show that the suit is helpful? A．By listing numbers. B．By using a saying. C．By giving examples. D．By making surveys. 5．What can be the best title for the text? A．Listen to the “Suit” B．Music Makes Life Colorful C．Wear a Suitable Suit D．The Development of Science 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了一种振动服，它能帮助失聪或有听力问题的人通过身体“感受”音乐。 1．细节理解题。根据“The special suit is able to change music into some vibrating pulses.”可知，振动服是通过将音乐转化为一些振动节拍来帮助失聪的人。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“He understands that a deaf person’s experience with music is very different.‘When I was a kid, I’d lie on the floor so I could feel the vibrations from my brother’s music playing.’”可知，作者提到Chase Burton的经历，是为了说明对于失聪的人来说，享受音乐的方式与常人不同。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“The suit was also tested at a different concert in Las Vegas in 2019. It was given to 150 audiences at the concert”可知，这里的It指代的是前面提到的The suit“振动服”。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“In 2016, some prototype suits were tested at a Lady Gaga concert in the US. The suit was also tested at a different concert in Las Vegas in 2019. It was given to 150 audiences at the concert, where half the audience members were deaf and half could hear.”可知，作者通过列举在不同音乐会上对振动服进行测试的例子，来表明振动服是有帮助的。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了一种能让失聪的人通过身体“感受”音乐的振动服，围绕着这种特殊的“衣服”展开。选项A“聆听‘振动服’”符合文章主旨。故选A。 ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$