11.Unit 3 Make it happen!(重点词汇)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024)

2025-06-16
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语外研版八年级上册
年级 八年级
章节 Unit 3 Make it happen!
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 词汇
使用场景 同步教学
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 244 KB
发布时间 2025-06-16
更新时间 2025-06-16
作者 天空英语
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2025-06-16
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2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024) Unit 3 Make it happen!重点词汇 必备知识清单 重点词汇释义 1.fair n.展览会 【用法释疑】指展示商品、艺术品或其他物品的公共活动场所。 【常用搭配】trade fair(贸易展览会)、book fair(书展) 例句: We visited a science fair last weekend.(上周末我们参观了一个科学展览会。) The local fair attracts thousands of visitors every year.(当地的展览会每年吸引成千上万的参观者。) She bought a unique handicraft at the fair.(她在展览会上买了一件独特的手工艺品。) 2.block n.一块(指木头、石头等有直边的硬物) 【用法释疑】用于描述具有规则形状的固体块。 【常用搭配】a block of wood(一块木头)、concrete block(混凝土块) 例句: He carved a figure out of a block of stone.(他用一块石头雕刻了一个人物。) The house is built with red blocks.(这房子是用红砖砌成的。) A block of ice kept the drinks cold.(一块冰使饮料保持冰冷。) 3.artificial adj.人造的,人工的 【用法释疑】修饰名词,指非自然形成的事物。 【常用搭配】artificial intelligence(人工智能)、artificial flower(假花) 例句: The garden has many artificial plants.(这个花园有很多人造植物。) Artificial lighting is needed in the basement.(地下室需要人工照明。) She wore an artificial necklace to the party.(她戴着一条人造项链去参加聚会。) 4.hook n.挂钩,吊钩 【用法释疑】指用于悬挂物品的弯曲金属或塑料部件。 【常用搭配】coat hook(衣钩)、fish hook(鱼钩) 例句: Hang your coat on the hook by the door.(把你的外套挂在门边的挂钩上。) The fisherman baited his hook with a worm.(渔夫用蚯蚓给鱼钩装饵。) There’s a hook on the wall for the towel.(墙上有个挂毛巾的挂钩。) 5.cost v.价格为,需支付(某一数量的钱) 【用法释疑】主语为物,后跟金钱数额,常用结构:sth. cost (sb.) + 钱数。 【常用搭配】cost a fortune(花费一大笔钱) 例句: The new laptop costs 5,000 yuan.(这台新笔记本电脑价格为5000元。) The dress cost her half a month’s salary.(这条裙子花了她半个月的工资。) How much does the ticket cost?(这张票多少钱?) 6.lend v.帮助(某人)做事(尤指需要体力的事);(给某人)搭把手 【常用搭配】lend a hand(帮忙)、lend sth. to sb.(借给某人某物) 例句: Can you lend me a hand with the boxes?(你能帮我搬一下这些箱子吗?) He lent his bike to his classmate.(他把自行车借给了同学。) She always lends a hand when someone is in trouble.(当有人遇到困难时,她总是伸出援手。) 7.printer n.(与计算机连接的)打印机 【用法释疑】指用于将计算机中的信息打印到纸张上的设备。 【常用搭配】inkjet printer(喷墨打印机)、laser printer(激光打印机) 例句: Please connect the printer to the computer.(请把打印机连接到电脑上。) The printer is out of paper.(打印机没纸了。) I need to buy a new printer for my office.(我需要为办公室买一台新打印机。) 8.brain n.脑,大脑 【用法释疑】指人体控制思维、行动等的器官。 【常用搭配】brain power(脑力)、brain injury(脑损伤) 例句: The human brain is a complex organ.(人类的大脑是一个复杂的器官。) Exercise can help improve brain function.(锻炼有助于改善大脑功能。) He used his brain to solve the difficult problem.(他用脑子解决了那个难题。) 9.signal n.信号;暗号 【用法释疑】指用于传递信息的手势、声音或电波等。 【常用搭配】traffic signal(交通信号)、signal light(信号灯) 例句: The driver ignored the red signal.(司机无视了红灯信号。) They agreed on a secret signal before the mission.(执行任务前,他们约定了一个秘密暗号。) The radio signal was weak in the mountain area.(山区的无线电信号很弱。) 10.weigh v.重,重量是…… 【用法释疑】后跟重量单位,用于描述物体的重量。 【常用搭配】weigh oneself(称体重)、weigh down(使负重) 例句: The package weighs 2 kilograms.(这个包裹重2公斤。) She weighs herself every morning.(她每天早上称体重。) The elephant can weigh up to 5 tons.(大象的体重可达5吨。) 11.fix v.解决(问题) 【用法释疑】后接问题、困难等名词,指找到解决办法。 【常用搭配】fix a problem(解决问题)、fix an error(修正错误) 例句: Can you help me fix this computer problem?(你能帮我解决这个电脑问题吗?) He fixed the mistake in his homework.(他修正了作业中的错误。) They need to fix the traffic issue in the city.(他们需要解决城市的交通问题。) 12.invention n.发明(物)(如机器、工具、仪器等) 【用法释疑】指创造出的新事物或新方法。 【常用搭配】make an invention(做出一项发明)、new invention(新发明) 例句: The light bulb is a famous invention.(电灯泡是一项著名的发明。) His invention won the first prize in the competition.(他的发明在比赛中获得了一等奖。) The invention of the computer changed the world.(计算机的发明改变了世界。) 13.download v.下载(信息或程序) 【用法释疑】从网络或其他设备将数据保存到本地设备。 【常用搭配】download a file(下载文件)、download from the Internet(从互联网下载) 例句: I need to download a new app for my phone.(我需要为手机下载一个新应用程序。) He downloaded the movie from a streaming website.(他从一个流媒体网站下载了这部电影。) Can you show me how to download this document?(你能告诉我如何下载这个文档吗?) 14.apply v.应用,运用 【常用搭配】apply theory to practice(将理论应用于实践)、apply for(申请) 例句: We should apply what we learn to real life.(我们应该把所学的知识应用到实际生活中。) The new technology is applied in many industries.(这项新技术被应用于许多行业。) She applied her math skills to solve the problem.(她运用数学技能解决了这个问题。) 15.smart adj.智能的 【用法释疑】修饰名词,指具有人工智能或高智能化的设备或系统。 【常用搭配】smart phone(智能手机)、smart home(智能家居) 例句: He bought a smart TV last week.(他上周买了一台智能电视。) Smart devices make our lives more convenient.(智能设备让我们的生活更方便。) The building has a smart security system.(这栋大楼有智能安保系统。) 16.warn v.警告,告诫;提醒 【常用搭配】warn sb. about danger(警告某人注意危险)、warn sb. not to do sth.(警告某人不要做某事) 例句: The teacher warned us to finish homework on time.(老师提醒我们按时完成作业。) She warned him of the heavy traffic.(她提醒他注意交通拥堵。) The sign warns people not to swim here.(这个标志警告人们不要在这里游泳。) 17.congratulation n.(常用复数)恭喜,祝贺 【用法释疑】用于向他人表达祝贺,常用复数形式“congratulations”。 【常用搭配】offer congratulations(表示祝贺)、congratulations on sth.(为某事祝贺) 例句: Congratulations! You won the competition.(恭喜!你赢了比赛。) We sent our congratulations to the new couple.(我们向这对新婚夫妇送去了祝福。) His friends gave him congratulations on his promotion.(他的朋友们为他的晋升表示祝贺。) 18.advertisement n.广告;启事 【用法释疑】指通过媒体宣传产品或服务的信息。 【常用搭配】put an advertisement(登广告)、TV advertisement(电视广告) 例句: I saw an advertisement for a new restaurant.(我看到一家新餐厅的广告。) The company spends a lot on advertisements.(这家公司在广告上花费了很多钱。) She found a job through a newspaper advertisement.(她通过报纸上的招聘启事找到了一份工作。) 19.everyday adj.日常的;平常的;每天的 【用法释疑】修饰名词,指日常发生或使用的事物。 【常用搭配】everyday life(日常生活)、everyday language(日常用语) 例句: Computers have become part of our everyday life.(电脑已成为我们日常生活的一部分。) She writes about everyday problems in her blog.(她在博客里写日常问题。) English is an important tool in everyday communication.(英语是日常交流中的重要工具。) 20.trouble v.使忧虑,使苦恼 【用法释疑】后接人作宾语,指某事让某人感到烦恼。 【常用搭配】trouble sb.(使某人烦恼)、have trouble doing sth.(做某事有困难) 例句: Don’t trouble yourself with small things.(别为小事烦恼。) His illness troubles his family deeply.(他的病让家人深感忧虑。) The noise from the street troubles me at night.(夜里街上的噪音让我烦恼。) 21.imaginative adj.富有想象力的;创新的 【用法释疑】修饰人或事物,指具有丰富的想象力或创造力。 【常用搭配】imaginative story(富有想象力的故事)、imaginative design(创新设计) 例句: She is an imaginative writer.(她是一位富有想象力的作家。) The movie has an imaginative plot.(这部电影有一个充满想象力的情节。) Children usually have very imaginative minds.(孩子们通常有非常丰富的想象力。) 22.completely adv.完全地 【用法释疑】修饰动词、形容词或副词,强调程度。 【常用搭配】completely understand(完全理解)、completely wrong(完全错误) 例句: I completely forgot about the meeting.(我完全忘记了这次会议。) The room was completely empty.(房间里空空如也。) She completely changed her hairstyle.(她彻底改变了发型。) 23.unexpected adj.想不到的 【用法释疑】修饰名词,指未预料到的事情。 【常用搭配】unexpected guest(不速之客)、unexpected result(意想不到的结果) 例句: We had an unexpected visit from an old friend.(我们突然收到一位老朋友的来访。) The unexpected news surprised everyone.(这个意想不到的消息让所有人都很惊讶。) She won the game with an unexpected strategy.(她用一种意想不到的策略赢了比赛。) 24.quality n.品性 【用法释疑】指人或事物的品质、特性。 【常用搭配】good quality(好品质)、quality of life(生活质量) 例句: Honesty is an important quality in a friend.(诚实是朋友的重要品质。) She has many good qualities, such as kindness and patience.(她有许多好品质,比如善良和耐心。) The company pays attention to the quality of its products.(这家公司注重产品的质量。) 25.widely adv.广泛地 【用法释疑】修饰动词,指范围广。 【常用搭配】widely used(广泛使用)、widely known(广为人知) 例句: English is widely spoken around the world.(英语在世界各地被广泛使用。) The new technology is widely accepted by scientists.(这项新技术被科学家们广泛接受。) Her books are widely read by young people.(她的书被年轻人广泛阅读。) 26.perfect adj.完美的 【用法释疑】修饰名词,指没有缺点或瑕疵的。 【常用搭配】perfect score(满分)、perfect condition(完美状态) 例句: The weather was perfect for a picnic.(这天气适合野餐,完美极了。) She got a perfect score in the math test.(她在数学考试中得了满分。) His English is perfect—you’d think he’s a native speaker.(他的英语非常完美,你会以为他是母语者。) 27.freeze v.(使)结冰,(使)冻结 【用法释疑】指液体变成固体,或温度低导致物体冻结。 【常用搭配】freeze to death(冻死)、freeze over(全面结冰) 例句: Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius.(水在0摄氏度会结冰。) The lake froze in the cold winter.(寒冷的冬天,湖面结冰了。) Don’t leave the plants outside—they might freeze.(别把植物留在外面,它们可能会被冻坏。) 28.address v.对……发表演说 【用法释疑】后接听众或场合,指公开演讲。 【常用搭配】address a meeting(在会议上发言)、address the public(向公众演讲) 例句: The president will address the nation tonight.(总统今晚将向全国发表演说。) She addressed the audience with confidence.(她自信地向听众发表演讲。) He was invited to address the conference on education.(他被邀请在教育会议上发言。) 29.curiosity n.好奇心 【用法释疑】指对事物想了解的渴望。 【常用搭配】curiosity about sth.(对某事的好奇心)、out of curiosity(出于好奇) 例句: Children have a strong curiosity about the world.(孩子们对世界有强烈的好奇心。) She opened the letter out of curiosity.(她出于好奇打开了那封信。) His curiosity about science led him to become a researcher.(他对科学的好奇心促使他成为了一名研究人员。) 30.talent n.天资,天赋,才能 【用法释疑】指天生的能力或技能。 【常用搭配】have a talent for(有……的天赋)、talent show(才艺表演) 例句: She has a talent for playing the piano.(她有弹钢琴的天赋。) The young man showed great talent in painting.(这个年轻人在绘画方面展现出极高的天赋。) The school encourages students to develop their talents.(学校鼓励学生发展自己的才能。) 31.passionately adv.热情地,热烈地 【用法释疑】修饰动词,指情绪强烈地做某事。 【常用搭配】speak passionately(热情地演讲)、love passionately(热烈地爱) 例句: He spoke passionately about his dream.(他热情地谈论自己的梦想。) The audience cheered passionately for the performer.(观众为表演者热烈欢呼。) She writes passionately about social issues.(她热情地撰写关于社会问题的文章。) 32.electricity n.电 【用法释疑】指一种能量形式,用于供电。 【常用搭配】use electricity(用电)、electricity bill(电费账单) 例句: We can’t live without electricity today.(如今我们离不开电。) The storm caused a power cut, and there was no electricity.(暴风雨导致停电,没有电了。) The company is working on new ways to generate electricity.(这家公司正在研究发电的新方法。) 33.experiment n.(科学)实验 【用法释疑】指为验证假设而进行的科学测试。 【常用搭配】do an experiment(做实验)、scientific experiment(科学实验) 例句: The students are doing a chemistry experiment in the lab.(学生们正在实验室做化学实验。) The experiment showed that the theory was correct.(实验表明该理论是正确的。) He spent months preparing for the important experiment.(他花了数月时间准备这个重要的实验。) 34.lightning n.闪电 【用法释疑】指雷雨天出现的电火花。 【常用搭配】a flash of lightning(一道闪电)、lightning strike(雷击) 例句: We saw a bright flash of lightning in the sky.(我们看到天空中一道明亮的闪电。) Lightning often comes with thunder.(闪电通常伴随雷声而来。) The tree was hit by lightning during the storm.(暴风雨中这棵树被闪电击中了。) 35.rod n.杆;竿;棒 【用法释疑】指细长的棍状物体。 【常用搭配】fishing rod(钓鱼竿)、metal rod(金属杆) 例句: He used a rod to push the box out of the corner.(他用一根杆子把箱子从角落里推了出来。) The tent is held up by metal rods.(帐篷由金属杆支撑。) She bought a new fishing rod for her father.(她给父亲买了一根新的钓鱼竿。) 36.pioneer n.先驱,先锋,创始人 【用法释疑】指在某领域率先做出贡献的人。 【常用搭配】a pioneer in...(……领域的先驱)、pioneer spirit(开拓精神) 例句: Edison was a pioneer in the field of electricity.(爱迪生是电学领域的先驱。) The pioneers traveled west to start a new life.(拓荒者们西行去开始新生活。) She is a pioneer of women’s rights in her country.(她是本国女权运动的先驱。) 37.exploration n.探索;探险;勘探;勘查 【用法释疑】指对未知领域的研究或考察。 【常用搭配】space exploration(太空探索)、exploration of nature(自然探索) 例句: The company is engaged in oil exploration.(这家公司从事石油勘探。) Space exploration has made great progress in recent years.(近年来太空探索取得了巨大进展。) His exploration of the forest took several months.(他对这片森林的探险花了几个月时间。) 38.test v.验证;检验 【用法释疑】指通过实验或测试来验证某事是否正确。 【常用搭配】test a theory(验证理论)、test the quality(检验质量) 例句: They need to test the new product before selling it.(他们需要在销售新产品前对其进行检验。) The scientist designed an experiment to test his hypothesis.(这位科学家设计了一个实验来验证他的假设。) We should test the machine to see if it works.(我们应该测试一下这台机器是否运转正常。) 39.despite prep.(介词)尽管,虽然,任凭 【用法释疑】后接名词、代词或动名词,表示转折。 【常用搭配】despite everything(尽管如此)、despite the fact that...(尽管……) 例句: He went out despite the heavy rain.(尽管下大雨,他还是出去了。) She succeeded despite many difficulties.(尽管困难重重,她还是成功了。) Despite his age, he still works hard.(尽管年纪大了,他仍然努力工作。) 40.failure n.失败 【用法释疑】指未达成目标或任务的情况。 【常用搭配】fear of failure(对失败的恐惧)、learn from failure(从失败中学习) 例句: His failure in the exam made him very sad.(他考试不及格,这让他很伤心。) Failure is the mother of success.(失败是成功之母。) They didn’t give up despite many failures.(尽管多次失败,他们也没有放弃。) 41.risk n.冒险举动 【用法释疑】指可能带来危险或损失的行为。 【常用搭配】take a risk(冒险)、at risk(处于危险中) 例句: Investing in stocks involves a lot of risk.(投资股票有很大风险。) He took a risk and quit his job to start a business.(他冒险辞职创业。) The doctor warned him about the risks of the operation.(医生提醒他手术的风险。) 核心知识回顾 英语抽象名词具体化是指将表示概念、状态、品质等抽象意义的名词转化为具体的人、事物或实例,使其具有可数性或明确的指代对象。但当它们指代具体的人、事、物或实例时,会转化为可数名词,需搭配冠词或使用复数形式。 1. 加不定冠词 “a/an” 表示 “一个具体的人或事物” 抽象概念→具体实例 success(抽象:成功)→ a success(具体:成功的人 / 事) 例:She is a success in both career and family.(她是事业和家庭双成功的人。) surprise(抽象:惊讶)→ a surprise(具体:令人惊讶的事) 例:The party was a pleasant surprise.(这场派对是个惊喜。) beauty(抽象:美丽)→ a beauty(具体:美人 / 美景) 例:The west lake is a beauty that attracts millions.(西湖是吸引数百万人的美景。) 2. 加定冠词 “the” 表示 “特定的抽象事物” 抽象概念→特定实例 the knowledge of sth.(具体:某方面的知识) 例:He has the knowledge of ancient history.(他具备古代历史的知识。) the joy of victory(具体:胜利的喜悦) 例:They celebrated the joy of winning the championship.(他们庆祝夺冠的喜悦。) 3. 抽象名词变复数表示 “多种具体形式或实例” 抽象概念→多个具体事物 experience(抽象:经验)→ experiences(具体:经历) 例:Traveling abroad gave her many valuable experiences.(出国旅行给了她许多宝贵经历。) difficulty(抽象:困难)→ difficulties(具体:难题) 例:They overcame many difficulties to finish the project.(他们克服了许多难题完成项目。) relation(抽象:关系)→ relations(具体:人际关系 / 国际关系) 例:International relations have become more complex.(国际关系变得更复杂了。) 4. 通过语境实现具体化(无冠词但语义具体) 抽象名词在特定语境中指向具体对象 例:Love between parents and children is selfless.(父母与孩子之间的爱 [具体情感] 是无私的。) Failure is the mother of success.(失败是成功之母,此处 “failure” 和 “success” 指具体的成败经历。) 综合实战演练 一、单项选择 1.I went to a science ____ yesterday and saw many interesting inventions. A. fair B. block C. hook D. brain 2.The factory uses ____ flowers to decorate the hall. They look real but aren’t natural. A. three-dimensional B. artificial C. smart D. everyday 3.Can you help me ____ this picture on the wall? I need a ____. A. fix; block B. lend; hook C. fix; hook D. lend; block 4.How much does this new printer ____? I want to buy one. A. cost B. spend C. take D. pay 5.Could you please ____ me a hand with carrying these boxes? They’re heavy. A. lend B. weigh C. warn D. apply 6.The ____ printer can make models that look like real objects. A. 3-D B. electric C. perfect D. imaginative 7.The human ____ controls all the body’s activities. A. signal B. brain C. machine D. invention 8.The radio ____ wasn’t strong, so we couldn’t hear the news clearly. A. hook B. cost C. signal D. quality 9.How much do these apples ____? Let me check the scale. A. weigh B. fix C. freeze D. download 10.A kilogram is a unit to measure ____. A. weight B. signal C. electricity D. talent 11.Can you ____ this problem? It’s too difficult for me. A. lend B. fix C. warn D. imagine 12.The light bulb is a great ____ that changed people’s lives. A. invention B. experiment C. exploration D. failure 13.Remember to ____ the document before you turn off the computer. A. apply B. download C. weigh D. freeze 14.We need to ____ this new technology in our daily work. A. apply B. warn C. congratulate D. advertise 15.My mom bought a ____ fridge that can tell her what food is inside. A. everyday B. smart C. perfect D. widely 16.The ____ in the factory work 24 hours to make products. A. brains B. signals C. machines D. hooks 17.The teacher ____ us not to play near the river. It’s dangerous. A. lent B. warned C. fixed D. applied 18.—I passed the science exam! —____! That’s great news. A. Advertisements B. Congratulations C. Troubles D. Inventions 19.I saw an ____ for a new book in the newspaper. A. address B. experiment C. advertisement D. quality 20.Computers are part of our ____ life. We use them every day. A. everyday B. every day C. imaginative D. completely 21.Don’t ____ about me. I can take care of myself. A. warn B. trouble C. fix D. freeze 22.The writer is very ____. His stories are always full of new ideas. A. imaginative B. widely C. unexpected D. perfect 23.I ____ forgot to bring my ticket. Can I enter the hall? A. widely B. completely C. passionately D. unexpectedly 24.____ is a medicine that helps fight against bacteria. A. Ice lolly B. Penicillin C. Lightning rod D. Keyhole 25.The ____ result of the game made everyone surprised. A. unexpected B. everyday C. perfect D. imaginative 26.I need to buy a ____ for the concert. How much is it? A. glue B. ticket C. rod D. detector 27.The ____ of this book is good. The words are clear and the stories are interesting. A. quality B. invention C. experiment D. electricity 28.People use ____ to stick paper together. A. glue B. ice lolly C. keyhole D. lightning 29.Her performance was ____. Everyone clapped loudly. A. widely B. perfect C. artificial D. everyday 30.Water will ____ when the temperature is below 0℃. A. freeze B. weigh C. download D. apply 31.Kids love eating ____ in summer. They’re cold and sweet. A. blocks B. ice lollies C. hooks D. signals 32.The president will ____ to the country on TV tonight. A. address B. warn C. fix D. congratulate 33.Children usually have a strong ____ about the world around them. A. talent B. passion C. curiosity D. invention 34.She has a ____ for music. She can play the piano very well. A. curiosity B. talent C. passion D. warning 35.The fans cheered ____ when their favorite singer came on stage. A. widely B. completely C. passionately D. unexpectedly 36.We can’t live without ____. It powers our lights and machines. A. electricity B. experiment C. lightning D. invention 37.The students did an ____ in the lab to see how plants grow. A. invention B. experiment C. exploration D. failure 38.During the storm, ____ hit the tall building, but the ____ protected it. A. lightning; rod B. signal; block C. electricity; machine D. warning; hook 39.Edison was a ____ in the field of electricity. A. detector B. pioneer C. talent D. failure 40.The ____ of space is difficult, but scientists never give up. A. experiment B. invention C. exploration D. failure 答案与解析 1. A. 选项含义:A. 展览会;B. 一块;C. 挂钩;D. 大脑。 解析:从 “science”(科学)以及 “saw many inventions”(看到许多发明)这些信息来推断,这里所描述的地点应该是与科学发明展示相关的场所,也就是 “科学展览会”,所以答案选 A。 2. B. 选项含义:A. 三维的;的B. 人造;C. 智能的;D. 日常的。 解析:“look real but aren’t natural”(看起来真实但并非天然的),这一描述与 “人造” 的特征相符,比如人造花就是看起来像真花但不是自然生长的,所以此处选 B “人造的”。 3. C. 选项含义:A. 解决;块;B. 帮助;挂钩;C. 固定;挂钩;D. 帮助;块。 解析:“fix a picture” 这个短语常见的意思就是 “固定画”,而 “hook”(挂钩)通常是用于挂东西的工具,所以综合来看答案选 C。 4. A. 选项含义:A. 花费(物作主语);B. 花费(人作主语);C. 花费(it 作形式主语);D. 支付(人作主语)。 解析:当句子的主语 “printer”(打印机)是物的时候,表达 “花费” 要用 “cost”,所以这里选 A。 5. A. 选项含义:A. 帮助(搭把手);B. 称重;C. 警告;D. 应用。 解析:“lend a hand” 是一个固定搭配,其意思就是 “帮忙”,所以答案为 A。 6. A. 选项含义:A. 三维的;B. 电的;C. 完美的;D. 富有想象力的。 解析:能够 “make models that look real”(制作看起来真实的模型),这与 “3 D 打印机” 的功能相匹配,3 D 打印可以制作出具有立体感、看起来真实的模型,所以选 A。 7. B. 选项含义:A. 信号;B. 大脑;C. 机器;D. 发明。 解析:在人体中,控制身体各种活动的核心器官就是 “大脑”,所以答案是 B。 8. C. 选项含义:A. 挂钩;B. 花费;C. 信号;D. 质量。 解析:“radio signal” 表示 “无线电信号”,当信号弱的时候,就会导致听不清的情况,所以这里选 C。 9. A. 选项含义:A. 称重;B. 解决;C. 结冰;D. 下载。 解析:根据 “scale(秤)” 这个提示,秤是用来测量物体重量的工具,所以对应的动词是 “weigh”(称重),答案选 A。 10. A. 选项含义:A. 重量;B. 信号;C. 电;D. 天赋。 解析:“kilogram”(千克)是一个典型的重量单位,所以这里选 A “重量”。 11. B. 选项含义:A. 帮助;B. 解决;C. 警告;D. 想象。 解析:“fix problem” 是常见的表达,意思就是 “解决问题”,所以答案为 B。 12. A. 选项含义:A. 发明;B. 实验;C. 探索;D. 失败。 解析:“light bulb(电灯泡)” 是人类创造出来的新事物,属于一种 “发明”,所以选 A。 13. B. 选项含义:A. 应用;B. 下载;C. 称重;D. 结冰。 解析:“document(文档)” 通常是通过网络进行 “下载” 操作获取的,所以这里选 B。 14. A. 选项含义:A. 应用;B. 警告;C. 祝贺;D. 广告。 解析:“apply technology” 表示 “应用技术”,即把技术运用到实际场景中,所以答案是 A。 15. B. 选项含义:A. 日常的;B. 智能的;C. 完美的;D. 广泛地。 解析:能够告知食物相关信息的冰箱,具备一定的智能化功能,所以可以称之为 “智能冰箱”,选 B。 16. C. 选项含义:A. 大脑;B. 信号;C. 机器;D. 挂钩。 解析:在工厂环境中,通常 24 小时持续工作的是各种 “机器”,所以答案为 C。 17. B. 选项含义:A. 帮助;B. 警告;C. 解决;D. 应用。 解析:“warn sb. not to do” 是一个常用的表达,意思是 “警告某人不要做”,所以选 B。 18. B. 选项含义:A. 广告;B. 恭喜;C. 麻烦;D. 发明。 解析:当得知对方通过考试时,按照常理应该表示 “祝贺”,所以选 B。 19. C. 选项含义:A. 演说;B. 实验;C. 广告;D. 质量。 解析:报纸上刊登的关于新书的信息,目的是为了宣传新书,这种信息属于 “广告” 范畴,所以答案是 C。 20. A. 选项含义:A. 日常的(形容词);B. 每天(副词);C. 富有想象力的;D. 完全地。 解析:“everyday life” 表示 “日常生活”,这里需要一个形容词来修饰名词 “life”,所以选 A “日常的”。 21. B. 选项含义:A. 警告;B. 使忧虑;C. 解决;D. 结冰。 解析:“trouble about” 表示 “担心”,也就是 “使忧虑” 的意思,所以选 B。 22. A. 选项含义:A. 富有想象力的;B. 广泛地;C. 想不到的;D. 完美的。 解析:如果一个故事充满了新的想法,那就说明创作这个故事的作家具有丰富的想象力,即 “富有想象力的”,所以答案是 A。 23. B. 选项含义:A. 广泛地;B. 完全地;C. 热情地;D. 想不到地。 解析:描述 “完全忘记带票” 这种情况,需要一个表示程度的副词,“completely” 有 “完全地” 的意思,所以选 B。 24. B. 选项含义:A. 冰棍;B. 青霉素;C. 避雷针;D. 锁眼。 解析:在医学领域,用于对抗细菌的药物是 “青霉素”,所以选 B。 25. A. 选项含义:A. 想不到的;B. 日常的;C. 完美的;D. 富有想象力的。 解析:“surprised”(惊讶的)这个词提示了结果是让人意想不到的,也就是 “想不到的”,所以答案为 A。 26. B. 选项含义:A. 胶水;B. 票;C. 杆;D. 探测器。 解析:去参加音乐会,通常需要购买并携带 “门票”,所以选 B。 27. A. 选项含义:A. 质量;B. 发明;C. 实验;D. 电。 解析:当描述一本书文字清晰、故事有趣时,实际上是在说这本书的 “质量” 好,所以答案是 A。 28. A. 选项含义:A. 胶水;B. 冰棍;C. 锁眼;D. 闪电。 解析:在日常生活中,用于粘贴纸张的工具或材料就是 “胶水”,所以选 A。 29. B. 选项含义:A. 广泛地;B. 完美的;C. 人造的;D. 日常的。 解析:当表演结束后,观众给予热烈的掌声,这通常意味着表演非常出色,达到了 “完美” 的程度,所以选 B。 30. A. 选项含义:A. 结冰;B. 称重;C. 下载;D. 应用。 解析:在物理常识中,当温度低于 0℃时,水会发生状态变化,由液态变为固态,也就是 “结冰”,所以答案是 A。 31. B. ice lollies 选项含义:A. 块;B. 冰棍;C. 挂钩;D. 信号。 解析:在夏天,人们常吃的一种冷饮就是 “冰棍”,所以选 B。 32. A. 选项含义:A. 发表演说;B. 警告;C. 解决;D. 祝贺。 解析:总统通常会通过电视等媒体向公众 “发表演说”,传达相关信息,所以选 A。 33. C. 选项含义:A. 天赋;B. 热情;C. 好奇心;D. 发明。 解析:孩子对于周围的世界往往充满了强烈的求知欲,这种求知欲可以用 “好奇心” 来描述,所以答案是 C。 34. B. 选项含义:A. 好奇心;B. 天赋;C. 热情;D. 警告。 解析:如果一个人钢琴弹得非常好,通常可以认为这个人在钢琴演奏方面具有一定的 “天赋”,所以选 B。 35. C. 选项含义:A. 广泛地;B. 完全地;C. 热情地;D. 想不到地。 解析:当歌手上台时,粉丝们通常会以非常热烈的情绪欢呼,“热情地” 能够很好地描述这种状态,所以选 C。 36. A. 选项含义:A. 电;B. 实验;C. 闪电;D. 发明。 解析:在日常生活和工业生产中,为灯光和各种机器提供动力支持的能源主要是 “电”,所以答案是 A。 37. B. 选项含义:A. 发明;B. 实验;C. 探索;D. 失败。 解析:在实验室环境中,通过观察植物生长来获取相关知识和数据,这种行为属于 “实验”,所以选 B。 38. A. 选项含义:A. 闪电;杆;B. 信号;块;C. 电;机器;D. 警告;挂钩。 解析:“lightning rod(避雷针)” 是一种专门用于保护建筑物免受 “闪电” 袭击的装置,所以选 A。 39. B. 选项含义:A. 探测器;B. 先驱;C. 天赋;D. 失败。 解析:爱迪生在电学发展的历史进程中,做出了开创性的贡献,是电学领域的重要 “先驱” 人物,所以答案是 B。 40. C. 选项含义:A. 实验;B. 发明;C. 探索;D. 失败。 解析:对于太空领域的研究和开发等活动,通常用 “探索” 来描述,“太空探索” 是常见的表达,所以选 C。 二、单词拼写(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1.Look! The children ________ (play) football on the playground. 2.She often ________ (go) to school by bike. 3.My father ________ (read) a newspaper at this time yesterday. 4.I ________ (see) the film twice. It’s really interesting. 5.If it ________ (not rain) tomorrow, we will go for a picnic. 6.The boy is old enough ________ (look) after himself. 7.We should prevent people from ________ (cut) down trees. 8.The book ________ (write) by Mo Yan is very popular. 9.There ________ (be) a meeting tomorrow afternoon. 10.They ________ (live) here since 2010. 11.The girl was so excited that she couldn’t stop ________ (smile). 12.The computer is one of the greatest ________ (invent) in the world. 13.It’s necessary for us ________ (learn) English well. 14.The old man ________ (die) for five years. 15.My parents enjoy ________ (listen) to music in their free time. 16.The ________ (three) month of a year is March. 17.The little boy fell off the bike and hurt ________ (he). 18.We should be ________ (friend) to others. 19.He runs much ________ (fast) than his brother. 20.The ________ (win) of the competition will get a big prize. 21.My sister is good at ________ (draw) pictures. 22.The teacher asked us ________ (not be) late for class. 23.The ________ (leaf) on the trees turn yellow in autumn. 24.He was too tired, so he fell ________ (sleep) soon. 25.I am looking forward to ________ (hear) from you. 26.The ________ (twenty) lesson is very difficult. 27.The movie was so ________ (move) that many people cried. 28.We should take an active part in ________ (protect) the environment. 29.The ________ (child) are playing games happily in the park. 30.I’m sure he will succeed in ________ (pass) the exam. 答案与解析: 1.are playing 【解析】由 “Look!” 可知,句子时态为现在进行时,其结构为 “be + 动词的现在分词”,主语 “the children” 是复数,be 动词用 are,play 的现在分词是 playing。 2.goes 【解析】根据 “often” 可知,句子时态为一般现在时,主语 “she” 是第三人称单数,谓语动词 go 要用第三人称单数形式 goes。 3.was reading 【解析】由 “at this time yesterday” 可知,句子时态为过去进行时,其结构为 “was/were + 动词的现在分词”,主语 “my father” 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 was,read 的现在分词是 reading。 4.have seen 【解析】“twice” 表示次数,常与现在完成时连用,其结构为 “have/has + 过去分词”,主语 “I” 用 have,see 的过去分词是 seen。 5.doesn’t rain 【解析】在 if 引导的条件状语从句中,遵循 “主将从现” 原则,主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来,主语 it 是第三人称单数,否定形式借助助动词 doesn’t,后面动词用原形 rain。 6.to look 【解析】“be + 形容词 + enough to do sth.” 为固定结构,意为 “足够…… 去做某事”,所以填 to look。 7.cutting 【解析】“prevent sb. from doing sth.” 是固定短语,意为 “阻止某人做某事”,所以填 cutting。 8.written 【解析】“written by Mo Yan” 是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰 “the book”,表示 “由莫言写的书”,book 与 write 之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词 written。 9.will be 【解析】由 “tomorrow afternoon” 可知,句子时态为一般将来时,“there be” 句型的一般将来时结构为 “there will be” 或 “there is/are going to be” ,这里填 will be。 10.have lived 【解析】“since 2010” 是现在完成时的标志词,其结构为 “have/has + 过去分词”,主语 “they” 用 have,live 的过去分词是 lived。 11.smiling 【解析】“couldn’t stop doing sth.” 意为 “情不自禁做某事”,所以填 smiling。 12.inventions 【解析】“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数” 表示 “最…… 之一”,invent 的名词形式是 invention,复数为 inventions。 13.to learn 【解析】“It’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.” 是固定句型,意为 “对某人来说做某事是…… 的”,所以填 to learn。 14.has been dead 【解析】“for five years” 表示一段时间,句中谓语动词要用延续性动词,die 是短暂性动词,其延续性形式为 be dead,句子时态为现在完成时,主语 “the old man” 是第三人称单数,所以用 has been dead。 15.listening 【解析】“enjoy doing sth.” 意为 “喜欢做某事”,所以填 listening。 16.third 【解析】表示 “第几” 要用序数词,three 的序数词是 third,这里表示 “一年中的第三个月”。 17.himself 【解析】“hurt oneself” 意为 “伤到自己”,主语是 “the little boy”,所以用 himself。 18.friendly 【解析】“be friendly to sb.” 意为 “对某人友好”,friend 的形容词形式是 friendly。 19.faster 【解析】由 “than” 可知,这里要用比较级,fast 的比较级是 faster。 20.winner 【解析】定冠词 the 后接名词,这里表示 “比赛的获胜者”,win 的名词形式是 winner。 21.drawing 【解析】“be good at doing sth.” 意为 “擅长做某事”,所以填 drawing。 22.not to be 【解析】“ask sb. not to do sth.” 意为 “要求某人不要做某事”,所以填 not to be。 23.leaves 【解析】leaf 的复数形式是 leaves,这里根据谓语动词 “turn” 可知主语要用复数形式。 24.asleep 【解析】“fall asleep” 是固定短语,意为 “入睡”,所以填 asleep。 25.hearing 【解析】“look forward to doing sth.” 意为 “期待做某事”,所以填 hearing。 26.twentieth 【解析】表示 “第几课” 要用序数词,twenty 的序数词是 twentieth。 27.moving 【解析】修饰事物,用现在分词作形容词,“moving” 意为 “令人感动的”,这里表示电影令人感动。 28.protecting 【解析】“take an active part in doing sth.” 意为 “积极参与做某事”,所以填 protecting。 29.children 【解析】根据谓语动词 “are” 可知主语要用复数形式,child 的复数是 children。 30.passing 【解析】“succeed in doing sth.” 意为 “成功做某事”,所以填 passing。 三、完成句子 1.他过去常常在周末去钓鱼。 He ____ ____ ____ fishing on weekends. 2.请查明火车什么时候到达。 Please ____ ____ when the train will arrive. 3.我们应该照顾好老人。 We should ____ ____ ____ ____ the old people. 4.他太害羞了,不敢在公众面前讲话。 He is ____ shy ____ ____ in public. 5.到目前为止,我们已经学了 2000 多个英语单词。 ____ ____ ____, we have learned more than 2,000 English words. 6.你介意我打开窗户吗? Would you ____ ____ ____ the window? 7.他对踢足球感兴趣。 He ____ ____ ____ playing football. 8.昨天晚上我直到 10 点才完成作业。 I ____ finish my homework ____ 10 o'clock last night. 9.她害怕独自待在家里。 She ____ ____ ____ staying at home alone. 10.我们应该阻止人们砍伐树木。 We should ____ people ____ ____ ____ trees. 11.他不仅会唱歌,还会跳舞。 He can ____ ____ sing ____ ____ dance. 12.你最好不要在马路上玩耍。 You'd ____ ____ ____ play on the road. 13.她迫不及待地想要见到她的朋友们。 She ____ ____ ____ ____ her friends. 14.这本书属于我的妹妹。 This book ____ ____ my sister. 15.我们正在为考试做准备。 We are ____ ____ the exam. 16.他擅长数学。 He ____ ____ ____ math. 17.他花了两个小时完成他的项目。 It ____ him two hours ____ ____ his project. 18.她过去不喜欢吃蔬菜。 She ____ ____ ____ like eating vegetables. 19.他们成功地登上了山顶。 They ____ ____ ____ to the top of the mountain. 20.你能帮我修理自行车吗? Can you ____ me ____ my bike? 21.我期待着收到你的来信。 I'm ____ ____ ____ ____ from you. 22.他生我的气,因为我弄丢了他的书。 He ____ ____ ____ me because I lost his book. 23.他们在森林里迷路了。 They ____ ____ in the forest. 24.我们应该保持教室干净整洁。 We should ____ the classroom ____ and ____. 25.她和她的同学们相处得很好。 She ____ ____ ____ ____ her classmates. 26.他一到北京就会给我打电话。 He will call me ____ ____ ____ he gets to Beijing. 27.你多久去一次图书馆? ____ ____ do you go to the library? 28.他过去步行去上学。 He ____ ____ ____ to school on foot. 29.我太累了,不能再走了。 I'm ____ tired ____ ____ any further. 30.他把他的一生都奉献给了教育事业。 He ____ all his life ____ the cause of education. 答案与解析: 1.【答案】used to go 【解析】“used to do sth.” 表示 “过去常常做某事”,是固定搭配,“go fishing” 是 “去钓鱼”,所以填 used to go。 2.【答案】find out 【解析】“find out” 意为 “查明,弄清楚”,用于疑问句中表示请求对方去查明火车到达时间,符合语境。 3.【答案】take good care of 【解析】“take care of” 表示 “照顾”,“good” 用来加强程度,“take good care of” 即 “好好照顾”,should 后接动词原形。 4.【答案】too; to speak 【解析】“too...to...” 结构表示 “太…… 而不能……”,shy 是形容词,后面接动词不定式,“speak in public” 是 “在公众面前讲话”。 5.【答案】So far 【解析】“so far” 意为 “到目前为止”,常用于现在完成时态的句子中,符合本句时态和语境。 6.【答案】mind my/me opening 【解析】“Would you mind...” 后接动词 -ing 形式,“one's/one doing sth.” 表示 “某人做某事”,所以可以用 my 或 me,“open the window” 是 “打开窗户”。 7.【答案】is interested in 【解析】“be interested in” 表示 “对…… 感兴趣”,主语 He 是第三人称单数,所以 be 动词用 is,后接动词 -ing 形式。 8.【答案】didn't; until 【解析】“not...until...” 表示 “直到…… 才……”,根据 last night 可知句子时态为一般过去时,所以借助助动词 did,后接动词原形。 9.【答案】is afraid of 【解析】“be afraid of” 表示 “害怕……”,主语 She 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is,后接动词 -ing 形式。 10.【答案】stop; from cutting down 【解析】“stop sb. from doing sth.” 表示 “阻止某人做某事”,“cut down” 是 “砍伐”,should 后接动词原形。 11.【答案】not only; but also 【解析】“not only...but also...” 表示 “不仅…… 而且……”,用于连接两个并列的成分,此处连接两个动词。 12.【答案】better not 【解析】“had better not do sth.” 表示 “最好不要做某事”,是固定用法,后接动词原形。 13.【答案】can't wait to meet 【解析】“can't wait to do sth.” 表示 “迫不及待地做某事”,是固定短语,符合句子语境。 14.【答案】belongs to 【解析】“belong to” 表示 “属于”,主语 This book 是第三人称单数,所以动词用 belongs。 15.【答案】preparing for 【解析】“prepare for” 表示 “为…… 做准备”,根据 are 可知句子时态为现在进行时,所以用现在分词形式 preparing。 16.【答案】is good at 【解析】“be good at” 表示 “擅长……”,主语 He 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is。 17.【答案】took; to finish 【解析】“It takes sb. some time to do sth.” 表示 “做某事花费某人多长时间”,根据语境可知事情发生在过去,所以 take 用过去式 took,后接动词不定式。 18.【答案】didn't use to 【解析】“used to do sth.” 的否定形式为 “didn't use to do sth.”,表示 “过去不常常做某事”,符合句子意思。 19.【答案】succeeded in getting 【解析】“succeed in doing sth.” 表示 “成功做某事”,根据语境可知事情发生在过去,所以 succeed 用过去式 succeeded,“get to” 是 “到达”。 20.【答案】help; repair 【解析】“help sb. do sth.” 表示 “帮助某人做某事”,“repair” 是 “修理”,符合句子语境。 21.【答案】looking forward to hearing 【解析】“look forward to doing sth.” 表示 “期待做某事”,to 是介词,后接动词 -ing 形式,“hear from” 是 “收到…… 的来信”。 22.【答案】was angry with 【解析】“be angry with sb.” 表示 “生某人的气”,根据 lost 可知句子时态为一般过去时,主语 He 是第三人称单数,所以 be 动词用 was。 23.【答案】got lost 【解析】“get lost” 表示 “迷路”,根据语境可知事情发生在过去,所以 get 用过去式 got。 24.【答案】keep; clean; tidy 【解析】“keep sth. + 形容词” 表示 “使某物保持某种状态”,“clean” 是 “干净的”,“tidy” 是 “整洁的”,should 后接动词原形。 25.【答案】gets on well with 【解析】“get on well with sb.” 表示 “与某人相处得好”,主语 She 是第三人称单数,所以 get 用第三人称单数形式 gets。 26.【答案】as soon as 【解析】“as soon as” 表示 “一…… 就……”,引导时间状语从句,符合句子语境。 27.【答案】How often 【解析】“how often” 用于提问频率,“多久一次”,符合询问去图书馆频率的语境。 28.【答案】used to go 【解析】“used to do sth.” 表示 “过去常常做某事”,“go to school” 是 “去上学”,所以填 used to go。 29.【答案】too; to walk 【解析】“too...to...” 结构表示 “太…… 而不能……”,tired 是形容词,后面接动词不定式,“walk” 是 “走”。 30.【答案】devoted; to 【解析】“devote...to...” 表示 “把…… 奉献给……”,根据语境可知事情发生在过去,所以 devote 用过去式 devoted。 ( 1 / 2 )学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024) Unit 3 Make it happen!重点词汇 必备知识清单 重点词汇释义 1.fair n.展览会 【用法释疑】指展示商品、艺术品或其他物品的公共活动场所。 【常用搭配】trade fair(贸易展览会)、book fair(书展) 例句: We visited a science fair last weekend.(上周末我们参观了一个科学展览会。) The local fair attracts thousands of visitors every year.(当地的展览会每年吸引成千上万的参观者。) She bought a unique handicraft at the fair.(她在展览会上买了一件独特的手工艺品。) 2.block n.一块(指木头、石头等有直边的硬物) 【用法释疑】用于描述具有规则形状的固体块。 【常用搭配】a block of wood(一块木头)、concrete block(混凝土块) 例句: He carved a figure out of a block of stone.(他用一块石头雕刻了一个人物。) The house is built with red blocks.(这房子是用红砖砌成的。) A block of ice kept the drinks cold.(一块冰使饮料保持冰冷。) 3.artificial adj.人造的,人工的 【用法释疑】修饰名词,指非自然形成的事物。 【常用搭配】artificial intelligence(人工智能)、artificial flower(假花) 例句: The garden has many artificial plants.(这个花园有很多人造植物。) Artificial lighting is needed in the basement.(地下室需要人工照明。) She wore an artificial necklace to the party.(她戴着一条人造项链去参加聚会。) 4.hook n.挂钩,吊钩 【用法释疑】指用于悬挂物品的弯曲金属或塑料部件。 【常用搭配】coat hook(衣钩)、fish hook(鱼钩) 例句: Hang your coat on the hook by the door.(把你的外套挂在门边的挂钩上。) The fisherman baited his hook with a worm.(渔夫用蚯蚓给鱼钩装饵。) There’s a hook on the wall for the towel.(墙上有个挂毛巾的挂钩。) 5.cost v.价格为,需支付(某一数量的钱) 【用法释疑】主语为物,后跟金钱数额,常用结构:sth. cost (sb.) + 钱数。 【常用搭配】cost a fortune(花费一大笔钱) 例句: The new laptop costs 5,000 yuan.(这台新笔记本电脑价格为5000元。) The dress cost her half a month’s salary.(这条裙子花了她半个月的工资。) How much does the ticket cost?(这张票多少钱?) 6.lend v.帮助(某人)做事(尤指需要体力的事);(给某人)搭把手 【常用搭配】lend a hand(帮忙)、lend sth. to sb.(借给某人某物) 例句: Can you lend me a hand with the boxes?(你能帮我搬一下这些箱子吗?) He lent his bike to his classmate.(他把自行车借给了同学。) She always lends a hand when someone is in trouble.(当有人遇到困难时,她总是伸出援手。) 7.printer n.(与计算机连接的)打印机 【用法释疑】指用于将计算机中的信息打印到纸张上的设备。 【常用搭配】inkjet printer(喷墨打印机)、laser printer(激光打印机) 例句: Please connect the printer to the computer.(请把打印机连接到电脑上。) The printer is out of paper.(打印机没纸了。) I need to buy a new printer for my office.(我需要为办公室买一台新打印机。) 8.brain n.脑,大脑 【用法释疑】指人体控制思维、行动等的器官。 【常用搭配】brain power(脑力)、brain injury(脑损伤) 例句: The human brain is a complex organ.(人类的大脑是一个复杂的器官。) Exercise can help improve brain function.(锻炼有助于改善大脑功能。) He used his brain to solve the difficult problem.(他用脑子解决了那个难题。) 9.signal n.信号;暗号 【用法释疑】指用于传递信息的手势、声音或电波等。 【常用搭配】traffic signal(交通信号)、signal light(信号灯) 例句: The driver ignored the red signal.(司机无视了红灯信号。) They agreed on a secret signal before the mission.(执行任务前,他们约定了一个秘密暗号。) The radio signal was weak in the mountain area.(山区的无线电信号很弱。) 10.weigh v.重,重量是…… 【用法释疑】后跟重量单位,用于描述物体的重量。 【常用搭配】weigh oneself(称体重)、weigh down(使负重) 例句: The package weighs 2 kilograms.(这个包裹重2公斤。) She weighs herself every morning.(她每天早上称体重。) The elephant can weigh up to 5 tons.(大象的体重可达5吨。) 11.fix v.解决(问题) 【用法释疑】后接问题、困难等名词,指找到解决办法。 【常用搭配】fix a problem(解决问题)、fix an error(修正错误) 例句: Can you help me fix this computer problem?(你能帮我解决这个电脑问题吗?) He fixed the mistake in his homework.(他修正了作业中的错误。) They need to fix the traffic issue in the city.(他们需要解决城市的交通问题。) 12.invention n.发明(物)(如机器、工具、仪器等) 【用法释疑】指创造出的新事物或新方法。 【常用搭配】make an invention(做出一项发明)、new invention(新发明) 例句: The light bulb is a famous invention.(电灯泡是一项著名的发明。) His invention won the first prize in the competition.(他的发明在比赛中获得了一等奖。) The invention of the computer changed the world.(计算机的发明改变了世界。) 13.download v.下载(信息或程序) 【用法释疑】从网络或其他设备将数据保存到本地设备。 【常用搭配】download a file(下载文件)、download from the Internet(从互联网下载) 例句: I need to download a new app for my phone.(我需要为手机下载一个新应用程序。) He downloaded the movie from a streaming website.(他从一个流媒体网站下载了这部电影。) Can you show me how to download this document?(你能告诉我如何下载这个文档吗?) 14.apply v.应用,运用 【常用搭配】apply theory to practice(将理论应用于实践)、apply for(申请) 例句: We should apply what we learn to real life.(我们应该把所学的知识应用到实际生活中。) The new technology is applied in many industries.(这项新技术被应用于许多行业。) She applied her math skills to solve the problem.(她运用数学技能解决了这个问题。) 15.smart adj.智能的 【用法释疑】修饰名词,指具有人工智能或高智能化的设备或系统。 【常用搭配】smart phone(智能手机)、smart home(智能家居) 例句: He bought a smart TV last week.(他上周买了一台智能电视。) Smart devices make our lives more convenient.(智能设备让我们的生活更方便。) The building has a smart security system.(这栋大楼有智能安保系统。) 16.warn v.警告,告诫;提醒 【常用搭配】warn sb. about danger(警告某人注意危险)、warn sb. not to do sth.(警告某人不要做某事) 例句: The teacher warned us to finish homework on time.(老师提醒我们按时完成作业。) She warned him of the heavy traffic.(她提醒他注意交通拥堵。) The sign warns people not to swim here.(这个标志警告人们不要在这里游泳。) 17.congratulation n.(常用复数)恭喜,祝贺 【用法释疑】用于向他人表达祝贺,常用复数形式“congratulations”。 【常用搭配】offer congratulations(表示祝贺)、congratulations on sth.(为某事祝贺) 例句: Congratulations! You won the competition.(恭喜!你赢了比赛。) We sent our congratulations to the new couple.(我们向这对新婚夫妇送去了祝福。) His friends gave him congratulations on his promotion.(他的朋友们为他的晋升表示祝贺。) 18.advertisement n.广告;启事 【用法释疑】指通过媒体宣传产品或服务的信息。 【常用搭配】put an advertisement(登广告)、TV advertisement(电视广告) 例句: I saw an advertisement for a new restaurant.(我看到一家新餐厅的广告。) The company spends a lot on advertisements.(这家公司在广告上花费了很多钱。) She found a job through a newspaper advertisement.(她通过报纸上的招聘启事找到了一份工作。) 19.everyday adj.日常的;平常的;每天的 【用法释疑】修饰名词,指日常发生或使用的事物。 【常用搭配】everyday life(日常生活)、everyday language(日常用语) 例句: Computers have become part of our everyday life.(电脑已成为我们日常生活的一部分。) She writes about everyday problems in her blog.(她在博客里写日常问题。) English is an important tool in everyday communication.(英语是日常交流中的重要工具。) 20.trouble v.使忧虑,使苦恼 【用法释疑】后接人作宾语,指某事让某人感到烦恼。 【常用搭配】trouble sb.(使某人烦恼)、have trouble doing sth.(做某事有困难) 例句: Don’t trouble yourself with small things.(别为小事烦恼。) His illness troubles his family deeply.(他的病让家人深感忧虑。) The noise from the street troubles me at night.(夜里街上的噪音让我烦恼。) 21.imaginative adj.富有想象力的;创新的 【用法释疑】修饰人或事物,指具有丰富的想象力或创造力。 【常用搭配】imaginative story(富有想象力的故事)、imaginative design(创新设计) 例句: She is an imaginative writer.(她是一位富有想象力的作家。) The movie has an imaginative plot.(这部电影有一个充满想象力的情节。) Children usually have very imaginative minds.(孩子们通常有非常丰富的想象力。) 22.completely adv.完全地 【用法释疑】修饰动词、形容词或副词,强调程度。 【常用搭配】completely understand(完全理解)、completely wrong(完全错误) 例句: I completely forgot about the meeting.(我完全忘记了这次会议。) The room was completely empty.(房间里空空如也。) She completely changed her hairstyle.(她彻底改变了发型。) 23.unexpected adj.想不到的 【用法释疑】修饰名词,指未预料到的事情。 【常用搭配】unexpected guest(不速之客)、unexpected result(意想不到的结果) 例句: We had an unexpected visit from an old friend.(我们突然收到一位老朋友的来访。) The unexpected news surprised everyone.(这个意想不到的消息让所有人都很惊讶。) She won the game with an unexpected strategy.(她用一种意想不到的策略赢了比赛。) 24.quality n.品性 【用法释疑】指人或事物的品质、特性。 【常用搭配】good quality(好品质)、quality of life(生活质量) 例句: Honesty is an important quality in a friend.(诚实是朋友的重要品质。) She has many good qualities, such as kindness and patience.(她有许多好品质,比如善良和耐心。) The company pays attention to the quality of its products.(这家公司注重产品的质量。) 25.widely adv.广泛地 【用法释疑】修饰动词,指范围广。 【常用搭配】widely used(广泛使用)、widely known(广为人知) 例句: English is widely spoken around the world.(英语在世界各地被广泛使用。) The new technology is widely accepted by scientists.(这项新技术被科学家们广泛接受。) Her books are widely read by young people.(她的书被年轻人广泛阅读。) 26.perfect adj.完美的 【用法释疑】修饰名词,指没有缺点或瑕疵的。 【常用搭配】perfect score(满分)、perfect condition(完美状态) 例句: The weather was perfect for a picnic.(这天气适合野餐,完美极了。) She got a perfect score in the math test.(她在数学考试中得了满分。) His English is perfect—you’d think he’s a native speaker.(他的英语非常完美,你会以为他是母语者。) 27.freeze v.(使)结冰,(使)冻结 【用法释疑】指液体变成固体,或温度低导致物体冻结。 【常用搭配】freeze to death(冻死)、freeze over(全面结冰) 例句: Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius.(水在0摄氏度会结冰。) The lake froze in the cold winter.(寒冷的冬天,湖面结冰了。) Don’t leave the plants outside—they might freeze.(别把植物留在外面,它们可能会被冻坏。) 28.address v.对……发表演说 【用法释疑】后接听众或场合,指公开演讲。 【常用搭配】address a meeting(在会议上发言)、address the public(向公众演讲) 例句: The president will address the nation tonight.(总统今晚将向全国发表演说。) She addressed the audience with confidence.(她自信地向听众发表演讲。) He was invited to address the conference on education.(他被邀请在教育会议上发言。) 29.curiosity n.好奇心 【用法释疑】指对事物想了解的渴望。 【常用搭配】curiosity about sth.(对某事的好奇心)、out of curiosity(出于好奇) 例句: Children have a strong curiosity about the world.(孩子们对世界有强烈的好奇心。) She opened the letter out of curiosity.(她出于好奇打开了那封信。) His curiosity about science led him to become a researcher.(他对科学的好奇心促使他成为了一名研究人员。) 30.talent n.天资,天赋,才能 【用法释疑】指天生的能力或技能。 【常用搭配】have a talent for(有……的天赋)、talent show(才艺表演) 例句: She has a talent for playing the piano.(她有弹钢琴的天赋。) The young man showed great talent in painting.(这个年轻人在绘画方面展现出极高的天赋。) The school encourages students to develop their talents.(学校鼓励学生发展自己的才能。) 31.passionately adv.热情地,热烈地 【用法释疑】修饰动词,指情绪强烈地做某事。 【常用搭配】speak passionately(热情地演讲)、love passionately(热烈地爱) 例句: He spoke passionately about his dream.(他热情地谈论自己的梦想。) The audience cheered passionately for the performer.(观众为表演者热烈欢呼。) She writes passionately about social issues.(她热情地撰写关于社会问题的文章。) 32.electricity n.电 【用法释疑】指一种能量形式,用于供电。 【常用搭配】use electricity(用电)、electricity bill(电费账单) 例句: We can’t live without electricity today.(如今我们离不开电。) The storm caused a power cut, and there was no electricity.(暴风雨导致停电,没有电了。) The company is working on new ways to generate electricity.(这家公司正在研究发电的新方法。) 33.experiment n.(科学)实验 【用法释疑】指为验证假设而进行的科学测试。 【常用搭配】do an experiment(做实验)、scientific experiment(科学实验) 例句: The students are doing a chemistry experiment in the lab.(学生们正在实验室做化学实验。) The experiment showed that the theory was correct.(实验表明该理论是正确的。) He spent months preparing for the important experiment.(他花了数月时间准备这个重要的实验。) 34.lightning n.闪电 【用法释疑】指雷雨天出现的电火花。 【常用搭配】a flash of lightning(一道闪电)、lightning strike(雷击) 例句: We saw a bright flash of lightning in the sky.(我们看到天空中一道明亮的闪电。) Lightning often comes with thunder.(闪电通常伴随雷声而来。) The tree was hit by lightning during the storm.(暴风雨中这棵树被闪电击中了。) 35.rod n.杆;竿;棒 【用法释疑】指细长的棍状物体。 【常用搭配】fishing rod(钓鱼竿)、metal rod(金属杆) 例句: He used a rod to push the box out of the corner.(他用一根杆子把箱子从角落里推了出来。) The tent is held up by metal rods.(帐篷由金属杆支撑。) She bought a new fishing rod for her father.(她给父亲买了一根新的钓鱼竿。) 36.pioneer n.先驱,先锋,创始人 【用法释疑】指在某领域率先做出贡献的人。 【常用搭配】a pioneer in...(……领域的先驱)、pioneer spirit(开拓精神) 例句: Edison was a pioneer in the field of electricity.(爱迪生是电学领域的先驱。) The pioneers traveled west to start a new life.(拓荒者们西行去开始新生活。) She is a pioneer of women’s rights in her country.(她是本国女权运动的先驱。) 37.exploration n.探索;探险;勘探;勘查 【用法释疑】指对未知领域的研究或考察。 【常用搭配】space exploration(太空探索)、exploration of nature(自然探索) 例句: The company is engaged in oil exploration.(这家公司从事石油勘探。) Space exploration has made great progress in recent years.(近年来太空探索取得了巨大进展。) His exploration of the forest took several months.(他对这片森林的探险花了几个月时间。) 38.test v.验证;检验 【用法释疑】指通过实验或测试来验证某事是否正确。 【常用搭配】test a theory(验证理论)、test the quality(检验质量) 例句: They need to test the new product before selling it.(他们需要在销售新产品前对其进行检验。) The scientist designed an experiment to test his hypothesis.(这位科学家设计了一个实验来验证他的假设。) We should test the machine to see if it works.(我们应该测试一下这台机器是否运转正常。) 39.despite prep.(介词)尽管,虽然,任凭 【用法释疑】后接名词、代词或动名词,表示转折。 【常用搭配】despite everything(尽管如此)、despite the fact that...(尽管……) 例句: He went out despite the heavy rain.(尽管下大雨,他还是出去了。) She succeeded despite many difficulties.(尽管困难重重,她还是成功了。) Despite his age, he still works hard.(尽管年纪大了,他仍然努力工作。) 40.failure n.失败 【用法释疑】指未达成目标或任务的情况。 【常用搭配】fear of failure(对失败的恐惧)、learn from failure(从失败中学习) 例句: His failure in the exam made him very sad.(他考试不及格,这让他很伤心。) Failure is the mother of success.(失败是成功之母。) They didn’t give up despite many failures.(尽管多次失败,他们也没有放弃。) 41.risk n.冒险举动 【用法释疑】指可能带来危险或损失的行为。 【常用搭配】take a risk(冒险)、at risk(处于危险中) 例句: Investing in stocks involves a lot of risk.(投资股票有很大风险。) He took a risk and quit his job to start a business.(他冒险辞职创业。) The doctor warned him about the risks of the operation.(医生提醒他手术的风险。) 核心知识回顾 英语抽象名词具体化是指将表示概念、状态、品质等抽象意义的名词转化为具体的人、事物或实例,使其具有可数性或明确的指代对象。但当它们指代具体的人、事、物或实例时,会转化为可数名词,需搭配冠词或使用复数形式。 1. 加不定冠词 “a/an” 表示 “一个具体的人或事物” 抽象概念→具体实例 success(抽象:成功)→ a success(具体:成功的人 / 事) 例:She is a success in both career and family.(她是事业和家庭双成功的人。) surprise(抽象:惊讶)→ a surprise(具体:令人惊讶的事) 例:The party was a pleasant surprise.(这场派对是个惊喜。) beauty(抽象:美丽)→ a beauty(具体:美人 / 美景) 例:The west lake is a beauty that attracts millions.(西湖是吸引数百万人的美景。) 2. 加定冠词 “the” 表示 “特定的抽象事物” 抽象概念→特定实例 the knowledge of sth.(具体:某方面的知识) 例:He has the knowledge of ancient history.(他具备古代历史的知识。) the joy of victory(具体:胜利的喜悦) 例:They celebrated the joy of winning the championship.(他们庆祝夺冠的喜悦。) 3. 抽象名词变复数表示 “多种具体形式或实例” 抽象概念→多个具体事物 experience(抽象:经验)→ experiences(具体:经历) 例:Traveling abroad gave her many valuable experiences.(出国旅行给了她许多宝贵经历。) difficulty(抽象:困难)→ difficulties(具体:难题) 例:They overcame many difficulties to finish the project.(他们克服了许多难题完成项目。) relation(抽象:关系)→ relations(具体:人际关系 / 国际关系) 例:International relations have become more complex.(国际关系变得更复杂了。) 4. 通过语境实现具体化(无冠词但语义具体) 抽象名词在特定语境中指向具体对象 例:Love between parents and children is selfless.(父母与孩子之间的爱 [具体情感] 是无私的。) Failure is the mother of success.(失败是成功之母,此处 “failure” 和 “success” 指具体的成败经历。) 综合实战演练 一、单项选择 1.I went to a science ____ yesterday and saw many interesting inventions. A. fair B. block C. hook D. brain 2.The factory uses ____ flowers to decorate the hall. They look real but aren’t natural. A. three-dimensional B. artificial C. smart D. everyday 3.Can you help me ____ this picture on the wall? I need a ____. A. fix; block B. lend; hook C. fix; hook D. lend; block 4.How much does this new printer ____? I want to buy one. A. cost B. spend C. take D. pay 5.Could you please ____ me a hand with carrying these boxes? They’re heavy. A. lend B. weigh C. warn D. apply 6.The ____ printer can make models that look like real objects. A. 3-D B. electric C. perfect D. imaginative 7.The human ____ controls all the body’s activities. A. signal B. brain C. machine D. invention 8.The radio ____ wasn’t strong, so we couldn’t hear the news clearly. A. hook B. cost C. signal D. quality 9.How much do these apples ____? Let me check the scale. A. weigh B. fix C. freeze D. download 10.A kilogram is a unit to measure ____. A. weight B. signal C. electricity D. talent 11.Can you ____ this problem? It’s too difficult for me. A. lend B. fix C. warn D. imagine 12.The light bulb is a great ____ that changed people’s lives. A. invention B. experiment C. exploration D. failure 13.Remember to ____ the document before you turn off the computer. A. apply B. download C. weigh D. freeze 14.We need to ____ this new technology in our daily work. A. apply B. warn C. congratulate D. advertise 15.My mom bought a ____ fridge that can tell her what food is inside. A. everyday B. smart C. perfect D. widely 16.The ____ in the factory work 24 hours to make products. A. brains B. signals C. machines D. hooks 17.The teacher ____ us not to play near the river. It’s dangerous. A. lent B. warned C. fixed D. applied 18.—I passed the science exam! —____! That’s great news. A. Advertisements B. Congratulations C. Troubles D. Inventions 19.I saw an ____ for a new book in the newspaper. A. address B. experiment C. advertisement D. quality 20.Computers are part of our ____ life. We use them every day. A. everyday B. every day C. imaginative D. completely 21.Don’t ____ about me. I can take care of myself. A. warn B. trouble C. fix D. freeze 22.The writer is very ____. His stories are always full of new ideas. A. imaginative B. widely C. unexpected D. perfect 23.I ____ forgot to bring my ticket. Can I enter the hall? A. widely B. completely C. passionately D. unexpectedly 24.____ is a medicine that helps fight against bacteria. A. Ice lolly B. Penicillin C. Lightning rod D. Keyhole 25.The ____ result of the game made everyone surprised. A. unexpected B. everyday C. perfect D. imaginative 26.I need to buy a ____ for the concert. How much is it? A. glue B. ticket C. rod D. detector 27.The ____ of this book is good. The words are clear and the stories are interesting. A. quality B. invention C. experiment D. electricity 28.People use ____ to stick paper together. A. glue B. ice lolly C. keyhole D. lightning 29.Her performance was ____. Everyone clapped loudly. A. widely B. perfect C. artificial D. everyday 30.Water will ____ when the temperature is below 0℃. A. freeze B. weigh C. download D. apply 31.Kids love eating ____ in summer. They’re cold and sweet. A. blocks B. ice lollies C. hooks D. signals 32.The president will ____ to the country on TV tonight. A. address B. warn C. fix D. congratulate 33.Children usually have a strong ____ about the world around them. A. talent B. passion C. curiosity D. invention 34.She has a ____ for music. She can play the piano very well. A. curiosity B. talent C. passion D. warning 35.The fans cheered ____ when their favorite singer came on stage. A. widely B. completely C. passionately D. unexpectedly 36.We can’t live without ____. It powers our lights and machines. A. electricity B. experiment C. lightning D. invention 37.The students did an ____ in the lab to see how plants grow. A. invention B. experiment C. exploration D. failure 38.During the storm, ____ hit the tall building, but the ____ protected it. A. lightning; rod B. signal; block C. electricity; machine D. warning; hook 39.Edison was a ____ in the field of electricity. A. detector B. pioneer C. talent D. failure 40.The ____ of space is difficult, but scientists never give up. A. experiment B. invention C. exploration D. failure 二、单词拼写(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1.Look! The children ________ (play) football on the playground. 2.She often ________ (go) to school by bike. 3.My father ________ (read) a newspaper at this time yesterday. 4.I ________ (see) the film twice. It’s really interesting. 5.If it ________ (not rain) tomorrow, we will go for a picnic. 6.The boy is old enough ________ (look) after himself. 7.We should prevent people from ________ (cut) down trees. 8.The book ________ (write) by Mo Yan is very popular. 9.There ________ (be) a meeting tomorrow afternoon. 10.They ________ (live) here since 2010. 11.The girl was so excited that she couldn’t stop ________ (smile). 12.The computer is one of the greatest ________ (invent) in the world. 13.It’s necessary for us ________ (learn) English well. 14.The old man ________ (die) for five years. 15.My parents enjoy ________ (listen) to music in their free time. 16.The ________ (three) month of a year is March. 17.The little boy fell off the bike and hurt ________ (he). 18.We should be ________ (friend) to others. 19.He runs much ________ (fast) than his brother. 20.The ________ (win) of the competition will get a big prize. 21.My sister is good at ________ (draw) pictures. 22.The teacher asked us ________ (not be) late for class. 23.The ________ (leaf) on the trees turn yellow in autumn. 24.He was too tired, so he fell ________ (sleep) soon. 25.I am looking forward to ________ (hear) from you. 26.The ________ (twenty) lesson is very difficult. 27.The movie was so ________ (move) that many people cried. 28.We should take an active part in ________ (protect) the environment. 29.The ________ (child) are playing games happily in the park. 30.I’m sure he will succeed in ________ (pass) the exam. 三、完成句子 1.他过去常常在周末去钓鱼。 He ____ ____ ____ fishing on weekends. 2.请查明火车什么时候到达。 Please ____ ____ when the train will arrive. 3.我们应该照顾好老人。 We should ____ ____ ____ ____ the old people. 4.他太害羞了,不敢在公众面前讲话。 He is ____ shy ____ ____ in public. 5.到目前为止,我们已经学了 2000 多个英语单词。 ____ ____ ____, we have learned more than 2,000 English words. 6.你介意我打开窗户吗? Would you ____ ____ ____ the window? 7.他对踢足球感兴趣。 He ____ ____ ____ playing football. 8.昨天晚上我直到 10 点才完成作业。 I ____ finish my homework ____ 10 o'clock last night. 9.她害怕独自待在家里。 She ____ ____ ____ staying at home alone. 10.我们应该阻止人们砍伐树木。 We should ____ people ____ ____ ____ trees. 11.他不仅会唱歌,还会跳舞。 He can ____ ____ sing ____ ____ dance. 12.你最好不要在马路上玩耍。 You'd ____ ____ ____ play on the road. 13.她迫不及待地想要见到她的朋友们。 She ____ ____ ____ ____ her friends. 14.这本书属于我的妹妹。 This book ____ ____ my sister. 15.我们正在为考试做准备。 We are ____ ____ the exam. 16.他擅长数学。 He ____ ____ ____ math. 17.他花了两个小时完成他的项目。 It ____ him two hours ____ ____ his project. 18.她过去不喜欢吃蔬菜。 She ____ ____ ____ like eating vegetables. 19.他们成功地登上了山顶。 They ____ ____ ____ to the top of the mountain. 20.你能帮我修理自行车吗? Can you ____ me ____ my bike? 21.我期待着收到你的来信。 I'm ____ ____ ____ ____ from you. 22.他生我的气,因为我弄丢了他的书。 He ____ ____ ____ me because I lost his book. 23.他们在森林里迷路了。 They ____ ____ in the forest. 24.我们应该保持教室干净整洁。 We should ____ the classroom ____ and ____. 25.她和她的同学们相处得很好。 She ____ ____ ____ ____ her classmates. 26.他一到北京就会给我打电话。 He will call me ____ ____ ____ he gets to Beijing. 27.你多久去一次图书馆? ____ ____ do you go to the library? 28.他过去步行去上学。 He ____ ____ ____ to school on foot. 29.我太累了,不能再走了。 I'm ____ tired ____ ____ any further. 30.他把他的一生都奉献给了教育事业。 He ____ all his life ____ the cause of education. ( 1 / 2 )学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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11.Unit 3 Make it happen!(重点词汇)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024)
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11.Unit 3 Make it happen!(重点词汇)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024)
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11.Unit 3 Make it happen!(重点词汇)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024)
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