内容正文:
假期作业14 LEARNING(Ⅰ)
No.1 基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.写作句型练
(十四) 同位语从句
同位语从句在句子中作同位语,它一般要
放在主句中某些名词(如thought,idea,fact,
news,suggestion,plan,belief,doubt,fear)之
后,说明这些名词的含义.引导同位语从句的
连接 词 有 that,whether 或 连 接 副 词 how,
when,where,why 等,但 大 多 数 是 由 that
引导.
1.Wehavetakenhissuggestionthatweshould
同位语(从句)
haveasecondtry.
2.ItisnotasecretthatMaryhasfalenin
同位语(从句)
lovewithTom.
1.地球是圆的这种看法并不新鲜.
2.他必须回答他是否同意此事这一问题.
3.我不知道他什么时候回来.
4.真相终于大白,他原来是一个小偷.
5.众所周知,海水是不能饮用的.
Ⅱ.单词分类记
一、写作单词
1. [ə̍prəʊtʃ]n.方法
2. [̍ptnə(r)]n.搭档,同伴
3. [̍Inə(r)]adj.内部的
4. [ʌn̍laIkli]adj.不大可能的
二、拓展单词
1. [rI̍flekt]vi.&vt.仔细思考;表达
(意见);反映→reflectionn.反射;沉思;映
象→reflectiveadj.沉思的;深思的
2. [̍ɡjuː]vi.争论,争吵→argument
n.论证;论据;争吵
3. [ə̍sjuːm]vt.认为;假定,假设→asG
sumptionn.假定;设想
4. [̍fleksəbl]adj.灵活的,可变通的
→flexibilityn.灵活性,弹性
5. [prə̍məʊt]vt.促进,增进→promoG
tionn.提升;促销;升职
6. [Iɡ̍zIst]vi.存在;实际上有→exG
istingadj.存在的;现行的→existencen.存
在;生存
7. [Iɡ̍nɔː(r)]vt.忽视;置之不理→igG
norantadj.无知的;愚昧的→ignorancen.
无知,愚昧
8. [Im̍preʃn]n.印象;感想→imG
pressv.给人印象n.印象,印记→impresG
siveadj.感人的;给人以深刻印象的
Ⅲ.短语双向记
1. 参加
2. 处于危险之中
3. 对感到好奇
4. 喜欢做某事
5. 温习,复习
6. 思考
7. 争吵
8. 最后;最终
9. 弄懂某事物;计算出
10. 总而言之;简单地说
86
11.attemptto
12.attheheartof...
13.becomefluentin
14.bebasedon...
15.inthisway
16.intheway
Ⅳ.经典句式记
1.while作并列连词,意为“然而”
YourinnervoiceexpressesyourpersonaloG
pinions,
(而外在的声音告诉你应该表达你
听到或读到的观点).
2.find+宾语+宾语补足语
Ifyou
(如果你发现自己内心的声音
难以控制),youcanarguewithitasmost
activelearnersdo.
3.if的省略结构
(如 果 没 有),atleastyouhave
“listenedto”anotherpointofview.
4.动词Ging形式短语作主语
(提出问题)istheeasiest
waytopromoteactivelearning.
5.it作形式主语
(是真的)wecannot
helpdislikingsomepeople-thisishuman
nature,afteral.
No.2 基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Wewilbeexploringdifferent
(方法)togatheringinformation.
2.Hepreferstodiscusshisworrieswithhis
(同伴).
3.Middleschoolstudentshavetolearnboth
algebraand (几何).
4.Her (最喜爱的)writerisHans
ChristianAndersen.
5.ChinarecordedadeclineinpassengertransG
portinurbanareasduringthefirstfour
monthsofthisyear,official (数
据)showed.
6.These (自动的)camerashavea
specialfocusingmechanism.
7.Awarmglowfloodedintohis (内
部的)heartashethoughtofPaulsunselfG
ishassistance.
8.Smithisoutofformandis (不
大可能的)toruninthe100GmetreracetoG
morrow.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Manyteenagersaresurprisingly
(ignore)aboutcurrentpolitics.
2.Althisleftadeep (impress)on
himandhewouldneverforgetit.
3.Justthe (exist)oftheboard,
hangingonourkitchenwal,hadanimmeG
diatecalmingeffectontheatmospherein
ourhome.
4.Thesecalculationsarebasedonthe
(assume)thatpriceswilcontinuetorise.
5.Upon (reflect),Ifinditgives
menothingbuteyeache,blankmindandeG
venphoneaddiction.
6.Youcouldalwaysrelyonhimtosettlean
(argue),nomatterwhatwas
beingdiscussed.
7.Amongthecrisesthathumansarefaced
withisthe (ignore)ofenvironG
mentalissues.
8.PracticingyogaorTaiChicanhelptoinG
creaseourbody (flexible),
which,inturn,canlowerjointpainand
helptoprotectusfrominjury.
96
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空
brushup(on);reflecton;arguewith;endup
doingsth.;workout;inshort;attemptto;at
theheartof;bebasedon;inthisway
1.Theresearchgroupproducedtworeports
thesurvey,butneithercontained
anyusefulsuggestions.
2.Please how muchalthesethings
wilcost.
3. hervolunteerexperience,TiG
nafelt proud of whatshe managedto
achievetogetherwithherlocalcoleagues.
4.Ifyoucontinuetosteal,youl beG
ingputinprison.
5.Only canshehelpussolvethe
problem.
6.He passtheexam,butit
wastoodifficulttopass.
7.Shethoughtitunnecessaryto
himabouttheapproachtothequestion.
8. thefinancialindustryare
highlyleveraged(进行投机)businesses.
9.HehasntstudiedEnglishforsolongthat
helhaveto it.
10.Hisnovelsbelongtoagreatbutvanished
(逝去的)age.Theyare, oldG
fashioned.
Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子
1.很明显,在北京上大学期间,你将有最难忘
的经历.(it作形式主语)
youwilhavethemost
unforgettableexperienceduringyourcolG
legeinBeijing.
2.从他身上,我意识到为我们的目标而努力,
才能促使我们成功.(动词Ging形式短语作
主语)
Fromhim,Irealizethat
canleadtosuccess.
3.那 个 男 孩 擅 长 数 学 而 他 妹 妹 擅 长 语 文.
(while)
Theboyisgoodatmaths
.
4.等他醒来,他发现自己来到一个完全陌生的
房间.(find+宾语+宾语补足语)
Whenheawoke,he
.
5.问问她那个时间方便不方便.要是不方便,
那她可不可以另提一个可行的时间? (if的
省略结构)
Askherifitisaconvenienttime. ,
canshesuggestanotherpossibletime?
Ⅴ.基础语法练(接动词Ging形式或不定式的
动词)
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.Thedoctortried (cure)the
womanofherilness,sohetried
(treat)herwithanewmedicine.
2.Whatapoormemory!Iforgot
(borrow)moneyfromhimyesterday.But
todayIforgot (return)themoney
tohimagain.
3.Afterfinishinghishomework,hewenton
(write)alettertohisparents.
4.Iregret (inform)youthatyou
failedtopasstheexam.Perhapsyouwil
regret (waste)alotoftime.
5.Thesmokeandthefireandalthatstuff
startedcoming.Itstartedburningmyeyes
and (hurt)mythroat,butIwas
stiltryingtogethimout.
07
6.ForWinston,thatwouldhavemeant
(approach)thewoman.
7.Theguidedogbeingdenied
(board)isjustthetipoftheiceberg,comG
paredtothevariousdifficultiesfacedbythe
countrysvisualyimpairedpopulationevG
erydaywhentheyleavetheirhome.
8.Atonepoint,someoneoffered
(trade)meanalcoholicbeverage (饮料)
andagoldenfeatheredheaddressformy
camera.
9.Pleaseremember (post)theletter
fortheoldman.
10.Myparentsaskedme (do)my
homeworkontime.
No.3 素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Myfamily and I nevertalked about
schoolasthetickettoafuture.Iwasinthe
classrooms,butIwasnttheretolearnto
write,readorevenspeak.Whenitwasmy
turntoread,Iwantedtohide.Iwas13years
old,butIalreadyhatedbeingwhoIwas.
IhadanEnglishteacher,Mr.Creech,
whoknewIcouldntread.Inoneofmyfirst
lessonstheteachersaidthatanyonewhohad
areadingagebelowsixhadtostandup.Ifelt
soembarrassed.Butatthesametime,itmade
merealizethatIneededtochangethesituaG
tion.Iwasdeterminedthatitwouldnthappen
again.Laterthatday,Mr.Creechencouraged
meandpromisedhewouldtryhisbesttohelp
melearntoread.Fromthenon,Inevergave
uppracticingreading.
NowI was41 yearsold.Oneday,I
plannedtofly backto Texasto visit my
friendsandfamily.OnmywayfromtheairG
port,Isaw Mr.Creech buying himselfa
drink.Irushed overandreachedinto my
pockettopayforhim.“DoIknowyou?”he
asked.“Yes,sir,youdoknow me,”IanG
sweredexcitedly.“MynameisAnthonyHamG
ilton.YoutaughtmeEnglish.”Thelookon
hisfacetoldmethatherememberedtheboy
hedonceencouraged.
“ImsogladIhadachancetoseeyou,”I
said.“AndMr.Creech,Ihavegreatnewsto
share,”ItoldhimIhadlearnedtoread.But
thatwasntal.IhadbecomeapublishedauG
thorandanactivespeaker.“Thenexttime
yougetanotherAnthony Hamiltoninyour
classroom,pleaseencouragehimtoreadas
wel,”Iadded.
Theexpertssaywhatonceworried me
hasaname:dyslexia.ButIcantelyouitwas
alackofdesireforeducation.
1.Whichofthefolowingcouldbestdescribe
Mr.Creech?
A.Considerateanddutiful.
B.Demandingandhelpful.
C.EmotionalandwarmGhearted.
D.Friendlyandhardworking.
2.WhycouldnttheauthorreadbeforemeetG
ingMr.Creech?
A.Becausehisreadingagewasnotlongenough.
B.Becausehisparentsdidntteachhimhow
toread.
C.Becausehewasafraidofreadingbefore
theclass.
D.Because hedidnthaveinnerdriving
forcetolearntoread.
17
3.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.Mr.Creechtaughttwostudentscaled
AnthonyHamilton.
B.Mr.CreechlookeddownupontheauG
thor.
C.Dyslexiawastheunderlyingreasonthat
madetheauthorunabletoread.
D.TheauthorwasgratefultoMr.Creech.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Somekidsfindithardtoloseinagame,
buteveryoneneedstolearnhowtodealwith
it.Learningtolosewithoutlosingyourcoolis
askil.Likelearningtorideabike,youmight
notbeabletodoitatfirst,butovertimeit
wilgeteasier. 1
Everyonewantstowin.Butanytimetwo
teamsorkidsarefacingeachotherinagame
orcontest,someonewillose.LosingisdisapG
pointing,soitsnotsurprisingthatkidsdont
likeit. 2 Sowhatshouldyoudowhenyou
lose?
Thebestthingtodoistrytocontrol
youremotionandgetinlinewithyourteamG
mates,so you can congratulatethe other
team.Ifyoufeellikecryinglateroryouwant
tocomplainaboutthegame,youcandothat.
3 Afteralittletimepasses,youmight
notfeelasupsetasyouwererightwhenthe
gameended.
Sometimeskidsloseontheirown,likein
aneighborhoodgameofbasketbal.ThesesitG
uationscanbeespecialyhardifthereareno
grownupsaroundtobethereferees(裁判).
4 ItsgoodforkidstolearntoplaywithG
outagrownupdecidingeverythingbutitcan
alsoleadtoalotofarguing.
5 Somekidsmightcheatorbendthe
rules,butyoucandoyourbesttobefair.
Eveniftheyrenot,youcertainlywontbeacG
cusedofcheatingorplayingunfairly.Youve
doneyourparttobringgoodsportsmanship
tothegame.
A.Adultsdontlikeiteither.
B.Learntherulesofthegame.
C.Butyoudbetterdoitoffthefield.
D.ThenitsuptokidstodecideamongthemG
selves.
E.Kidsdontlikeplayingwithsomeonewho
getsangryeasily.
F.Itsbestifeveryonetriestobefairtosolve
anydisagreements.
G.Andwhenyoucanhandlelosing,people
wilcalyouagoodsportsman.
FaceChanging(变脸)
Itissaidthattheoriginoffacechanging
hassomethingtodowiththeresistanceof
wildbeasts(野 兽).Inancienttimes,when
comingacrossaferocious(凶猛的)animal,
peopleusedtodraw differentpatternson
theirfacestoscaretheanimalawayandkeep
themselvessafe.Lateron,suchtrickwasapG
pliedtothestageperformanceofSichuan
Opera,andtheunique(独 特 的)artofface
changinghasthuscomeintobeing.
27
Ⅴ.1.n.功能;v.起作用,运转 2.v.预订;n.书 3.v.学
习;n.书房 4.n.散步;v.走 5.v.放慢 6.n.中断 7.n.
必要 8.v.梦想 9.v.进球 10.v.导致
素养提升———感与知
A.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.文章主要讲述了一位
八岁的男孩 SimonCane为环保做出的实际行动———和爸
爸一起跑步去上学.
1.D [细节理解题.根据第一段“WhenSimonCanewasin
thesecondgrade...P.S.81,intheBronx.”以及“SoSiG
monconvincedhisparentstostart...andother‘green
measures.”可知,当SimonCane上二年级的时候,他开始
学习人类对环境的所有影响,把那些课堂上所学的内容
铭记于心,并且采取“绿色”措施保护环境,这使得他跟他
的同学不同.故选 D项.]
2.A [推理判断题.根据第二段“AsSimongotbigger...
So,mostofthetimetheydrovethe15milestoschool.”
以及 第 三 段“Butin2019,whenSimonwasgoinginto
thirdgrade,the8GyearGoldcameupwithanew wayto
helptheplanet:runningthe15milestoP.S.81.”可推
知,二年 级 时 SimonCane 主 要 是 坐 车 去 上 学.故 选
A项.]
3.C [推理判断题.根据第四段“‘Tobehonest,Ithought
hedblink(眨眼)afteritgotrealycoldorrainy,buthe
neverdid,’Jonathansaid.”可知,SimonCane比预料的要
坚强.故选C项.]
4.B [标题归纳题.阅读全文,尤其是根据第一段“When
SimonCanewasinthesecondgrade...andrealytook
thoseclassroomlessonstoheart”以及最后一段“Sincethe
start...Theysoonbecameknownas ‘thefamilythat
runstoschool.’”可知,本文主要讲述八岁的男孩 Simon
Cane很重视环保,并且为环保做出的实际行动———和爸
爸一起跑步去上学.故选B项.]
B.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了由于
世界各地的这些政府禁令,塑料垃圾正在消失,但仍有许多
工作要做或未做.文章也介绍了世界塑料垃圾的数量和处
理塑料垃圾面临的问题等.
5.D [细节理解题.根据第二段中“Slowlybutsurely,the
worldisenteringabrighterfutureas moreand more
countriesfolow.Buttheresstil alotofworktobe
done—orundone.”可知,解决塑料垃圾问题有很长的路
要走.故选 D.]
6.B [细节理解题.根据第三段中“Sincethe1950s...in
theenvironment.”可知,自20世纪50年代以来,约83亿
×60%≈50亿吨塑料垃圾被排放到环境中.故选B.]
7.D [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 中 “Whilerecent
studiesof...thebestwaytodealwithourenvironmental
stressisthroughdecrease.”可推知,减少塑料垃圾仍然是
处理塑料最好的方法.故选 D.]
8.A [词义猜测题.根据最后一段中“In2020,NewYork
Citybegantoban...tointroducethisidea.”以及画线词
上文“Backin2002,Bangladeshbecamethefirstcountry
to”和后文“aplasticbagban”可知,2020年,纽约市开始
禁止塑料袋.但这并不是美国第一个禁止使用塑料袋的
州.事实上,美国甚至不是第一个引入这种想法的国家,
因为早在2002年,孟加拉国就成为第一个实施塑料袋禁
令的国家.故画线词意思是“实施”.故选 A.]
假期作业14
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.Theideathattheearthisroundisnotanewone.
2.Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.
3.Ihavenoideawhenhewilbeback.
4.Thewholetruthcameoutatlastthathewasathief.
5.Thefactthatseawatercannotbeusedfordrinkingis
knowntoal.
Ⅱ.一、1.approach 2.partner 3.inner 4.unlikely
二、1.reflect 2.argue 3.assume 4.flexible 5.promote
6.exist 7.ignore 8.impression
Ⅲ.1.takepartin 2.indanger 3.becuriousabout
4.prefertodosth. 5.brushup(on) 6.reflecton 7.arG
guewith 8.endupdoing 9.workout 10.inshort
11.尝试 12.在的心中 13.变得流利 14.以为
根据 15.以这种方式 16.妨碍,挡道
Ⅳ.1.whiletheoutervoicetelsyouaboutopinionsfrom
whatyouhearorread 2.findyourinnervoicedifficultto
control 3.Ifnot 4.Askingquestions 5.Itistruethat
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.approaches 2.partners 3.geometry 4.favourite
5.data 6.automatic 7.inner 8.unlikely
Ⅱ.1.ignorant 2.impression 3.existence 4.assumption
5.reflection 6.argument 7.ignorance 8.flexibility
Ⅲ.1.basedon 2.workout 3.Reflectingon 4.endup
5.inthisway 6.attemptedto 7.arguewith 8.Atthe
heartof 9.brushupon 10.inshort
Ⅳ.1.Itisobviousthat 2.strugglingforouraims
3.whilehissisterisgoodatChinese 4.foundhimselfina
roomhedidntrecognize 5.Ifnot
501
Ⅴ.1.tocure treating 2.borrowing toreturn 3.to
write 4.toinform havingwasted 5.hurting 6.apG
proaching 7.boarding 8.totrade 9.topost 10.todo
素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.文章主要讲述了作
者患有 诵 读 困 难 症,13 岁 了 还 不 会 诵 读.直 到 遇 到 了
Creech老师,在老师的鼓励和帮助下,作者学会了诵读,并
成为了一名作家和演讲者.
1.A [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 第 二 段 中 “IhadanEnglish
teacher,Mr.Creech,whoknewIcouldntread.Inone
ofmyfirstlessonstheteachersaidthatanyonewhohada
readingagebelowsixhadtostandup.”可知 Mr.Creech
知道作者不会阅读,因此在第一节课上只是让阅读年龄
在6岁以下的人站起来,体现了他很体贴学生;再根据第
二段的“Laterthatday,Mr.Creechencouragedmeand
promisedhewouldtryhisbesttohelpmelearntoread.”
可知 Mr.Creech帮助作者学习阅读,是非常尽职尽责
的,故选 A.]
2.D [推理判断题.根据第二段中“Laterthatday...I
nevergaveuppracticingreading.”以及最后一段内容可
知,作者在遇到克里奇老师之前不能阅读,是因为他没有
学习阅读的内在动力.故选 D.]
3.D [推理判断题.根据倒数第二段内容可知,作者见到
克里奇老师很高兴,并且告诉老师自己的近况,可推知作
者很感激克里奇老师.故选 D.]
Ⅱ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了有
些孩子觉得在比赛中面对失败很难,但每个人都需要学习
如何应对.学会应对失败而不失冷静是一种技能.就像学
骑自行车一样,刚开始你可能做不到,但随着时间的推移会
越来越容易.
1.G [根据上一句“Likelearningtorideabike,youmight
notbeabletodoitatfirst,butovertimeitwilgeteasiG
er.”可知,与上一句形成递进关系,此处内容与学会面对
比赛失败的好处有关.故选 G.]
2.A [根据上一句“Losingisdisappointing,soitsnotsurG
prisingthatkidsdontlikeit.”可知,与上一句形成并列
关系,此 处 内 容 与 成 年 人 也 不 喜 欢 比 赛 失 败 有 关.故
选 A.]
3.C [根据上一句“Ifyoufeellikecryinglateroryouwant
tocomplainaboutthegame,youcandothat.”可知,与上
文存在逻辑上的指代关系,it指上文中的“...cryinglater
oryouwanttocomplainaboutthegame”此处内容与强调
应该怎么做有关.故选C.]
4.D [根据上一句“Thesesituationscanbeespecialyhard
iftherearenogrownupsaroundtobethereferees(裁
判).”可知,与上一句形成递进关系,此处内容与孩子们
需要学会自行解决争端有关.符合题意.故选 D.]
5.F [根 据 下 一 句 “Somekidsmightcheatorbendthe
rules,butyoucandoyourbesttobefair.”可知,该句承
上启下,承接上段最后一句内容“alotofarguing”,并且总
结上一段内容;且本段主要讲人人都应尽力做到公平比
赛,解决争端.故选F.]
假期作业15
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.Whenthebelrang,thepersonwaswaitinginhisseat.
2.Threemonthshadgonebybeforesheknewit.
3.Shewentonwalkingandwalkinguntilshecametothe
endoftheriver.
4.MymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.
5.Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.
Ⅱ.一、1.beyond 2.novel 3.input 4.context 5.acG
quire 6.worldwide 7.childhood 8.publish 9.timely
10.gap
二、1.simplified 2.unfamiliar 3.memorise 4.recomG
mend 5.normaly 6.arrangement 7.excitement
8.sharp 9.reflection 10.evidence
Ⅲ.1.behonouredtodosth. 2.inonewayoranother
3.sharewith... 4.lookup 5.catchon 6.intermsof
7.充分利用 8.集中注意力于,关注 9.第一次 10.放轻
松 11.坚持 12.融入;适应;与合得来
Ⅳ.1.Themoreyoulisten,theeasier 2.Itisimportantto
connectit 3.Askingquestionsaboutwhatwelearn
4.founditdifficulttomakefriends 5.notalcountries
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.acquired 2.classic 3.published 4.technique
5.expose 6.outcome 7.journal 8.Surfing 9.outcome
10.gap
Ⅱ.1.simplified 2.effectively 3.normaly 4.sharply
5.emotional 6.excitement 7.evidence 8.arrangements
9.reflection 10.memorised
Ⅲ.1.Intermsof 2.takeiteasy 3.insistedon 4.make
thebestuseof 5.lookup 6.onewayoranother 7.for
thefirsttime 8.amhonouredto 9.catchon
10.sharewith
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