内容正文:
假期作业13 GREENLIVING(Ⅱ)
No.1 基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.写作句型练
(十三) 表语从句
表语从句在复合句中起表语作用,它位于
主句中的连系动词之后.
1.Hissuggestionisthatweshouldhaveadiscussion
表语(从句)
abouttheproblem.
2.Theproblemis
whetherhewillistentoouradvice
表语(从句)
.
1.问题是他能否单独做这件事.
2.那是他考试不及格的原因.
3.小李不再是以前的样子了.
4.他想知道的是她应买哪件衣服.
5.让我们困扰的是我们什么时候才能知道细节.
Ⅱ.单词分类记
一、写作单词
1. [̍pəʊstə(r)]n.海报
2. [ə̍kɜː(r)]vi.发生
3. [slIm]adj.微小的;苗条的;薄的
4. [̩əʊvə̍kʌm]vt.克服(困难);控制
(感情)
5. [̍fɔːmə(r)]adj.以前的,从前的
6. [̍kʌrənt]adj.当前的,现时的
7. [̍ɔdnri]adj.普通的;平常的
8. [̍ðeəfɔː(r)]adv.因此;由此
9. [̩destI̍neIʃn]n.目的地;终点
10. [̍ætItjuːd]n.看法;态度
二、拓展单词
1. ['ɔːgənaIzə]n.组织者,安排者→
organisevt.组织→organizationn.组织
2. [prə̍pəʊzl]n.建议,提议→proG
posevt.建议,提议
3. [sə̍vaIvl]n.继续生存,幸存 →
survivev.幸存
4. [dI̩tɜːmI̍neIʃn]n.决心;毅力
→determinevt.决定;确定;下定决心→deG
terminedadj.坚定的
5. [̩dIsə̍pIə(r)]vi.消失,不见→
disappearancen.消失
6. [ə̍fIʃl]n.官员,高级职员adj.公
务的;官方的 →officialyadv.正 式 地,官
方地
7. [kən̍teInə(r)]n.容器→contain
vt.包含;容纳
8. [mə̍dʒɒrəti]n.大多数 →major
adj.主要的vi.主修
9. [̍ænjuəli]adv.每年;一年一度地
→annualadj.每年的;一年一度的
10. [pə̍luːtənt]n.污染物→polute
vt.污染→polutionn.污染
Ⅲ.短语双向记
1. 想出,想到
2. 参加
3. 削减,缩减
4. 总之
5. 避免做
6. 被称作,被称为
7.dueto
8.turnoff
36
9.contributeto
10.becomepopularwith
11.beknownas
12.asaresultof
13.takeresponsibilityfor
Ⅳ.经典句式记
1.until引导时间状语从句
MsYihadacontentedlife
(直到发生了一件可怕
的事).
2.make+宾语+宾语补足语
SoYiJiefangdecidedto
(让她儿子梦想
成真).
3.sothat引导目的状语从句
Peoplewouldleavethebikeintheplace
wheretheyfinishedtheirjourney,
(以便其他人能从
那儿继续使用).
4.比较级+and+比较级
InChina, (越来
越多的城市)havetheirown “whitebike”
programmes.
5.as引导非限制性定语从句
(如图所示),
thepercentageofthosewhofeltthatthey
neededtohelpprotecttheenvironmentis
ashighas96%.
No.2 基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Inaword,ifyouinsistonexercising,you
aresuretohaveanattractivefigureand
stay (苗条的)andhealthy.
2.Shefinaly (克服)thefearofactG
inginfrontofaudienceandgainedtremenG
dousconfidence.
3.Manypatientswaitingforneworganswildie
beforegettingtheirchancetoreceiveaheart,
lungorkidney. (因此),medicalsciG
encehasturnedtoanimalorgans.
4.It (产生)tomethatIshouldgo
toattendameetingwhenIwasabouttogo
home.
5.TheFoxTVsingingcontestsearchesforpop
starsamong (普通的)people.
6.Shedidntknowanythingabout
(当前的)TVshowsorfashiontrends.
7.Asanimportantpartofsociety,festivals
reflectpeopleswishes,beliefs,faiths,and
(态度)towardslife.
8.Wehadintendedtoarriveatour
(目的地)at9oclock,butwedidntbecause
ofthetrafficjam.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.FirstaidgivenatthesceneintimecaninG
creasethevictimschanceof
(survive)andagoodrecovery.
2.Submitatopic (propose)toyour
historyteacher.
3.Theelectionresultshavestilnotbeen
(official)announced.
4.The (major)ofthestudentshave
beentotheDisneyParksofar.
5.Thereisaclear (indicate)thatthe
economyisimproving.
6.WorldConsumerRightsDayiscelebrated
(annual)byconsumerorganizaG
tionsworldwide.
7.Sulphurdioxideisa (polute)and
amajorcontributortoacidrain.
8.Theheavyrainand (flood)kiled
scoresofcattleinthisvilage.
9.Hetoldusthattheimportantletterswere
ina (contain).
10.The (disappear)ofthe
wolveshadmanyunexpectedresults.
46
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空
takepartin;tosumup;contributeto;come
upwith;prevent...from...;asaresultof;
cutbackon;turnoff;takeresponsibilityfor;
thanksto
1.Havingdiscussedtheproblem al afterG
noon,theyfinaly asolution
toit.
2. al theclassmateseffortsand
teachershelp,welivedthelifetothefulG
lest,withoutregretsleft.
3.Whodoyoutrustto our
countrysdefence?
4. ,Iwishyoucouldliveuptothe
expectationsofourschool.
5.Occupiedinlookingafterthreechildrenat
home,shehasnotimeto thevaG
riousactivitiesintheclub.
6.IamconvincedoftheimportanceofhonesG
ty,whichwil buildinga
warmandharmonioussociety.
7.Tosaveenergy,do thecomG
puterwhenyourenotusingit.
8.Thefatmanwasil,sohedeterminedto
meatinhisdiet.
9.Wearemakinggreateffortsto
thefluvirus spreading.
10.Altheworkersleftthecompany
thepoorcondition.
Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子
1.我的妈妈总是要我每天做运动.(make+
宾语+宾语补足语)
My mom always
everyday.
2.亚瑟继续跑,直到他赶上了他前面的一辆出
租车.(until)
Arthur he
caughtataxiinfrontofhim.
3.天气越来越凉爽.(比较级+and+比较级)
Theweather
.
4.我想告知你一些详细的信息,以便你能为此
做好充分的准备.(sothat)
IdliketoinformyouofsomedetailedinG
formation
.
5.众所周知,兴趣是最好的老师.(as引导非
限制性定语从句)
,inG
terestisthebestteacher.
Ⅴ.基础语法练(构词法:转化)
写出下列句中画线单词的词性和词义
1.AlthoughmynewcelphonehasmanyfuncG
tions,itdoesntfunctionwel.
2.Ihavebookedmyticketandboughtthree
booksformysister.
3.MybrotherisstudyingforthecomingexG
aminationinourfathersstudy.
4.Letsgooutforawalkaftersupper,but
dontwalktoofast.
5.Youmustslowdownalittleoryoul make
yourselfil.
6.Lilywantedtotakeacareerbreakinorder
tohavechildren.
7.ThereisnoneedforyoutogetupearlytoG
morrow.
8.Theboydreamsofbecomingapilot.
9.Whoscoredthegoal?
10.Theaccidentresultedinthedeathoftwo
passengers.
56
No.3 素养提升———感与知
阅读理解
A
When Simon Cane wasinthesecond
grade,hebeganlearningaboutaltheways
humanshaveanimpactontheenvironment
andrealytookthoseclassroom lessonsto
heartinawaythatsethim apartfrom his
schoolmatesathiselementaryschool,P.S.
81,intheBronx.“Hetoldmewedrovetoo
muchandmadetoomuchpolution,”hisdad,
JonathanCane,toldRunners World.SoSiG
monconvincedhisparentstostarthanging
theirclothestodry,takingthestairsinstead
ofelevators,andother“green”measures.
“For much of kindergarten and first
gradeIrodemybiketoSimonsschoolwith
himontheback,”Jonathansaid.“Wehada
lotoffunbeingoutdoors.Wedstoptogive
ourdogtreatsandgeneralyenjoyedit.”As
Simongotbigger,though,itwasntpractical
forhimtorideonhisfathersback,butitalG
sodidntmakesensetoridetogether— both
becauseofsafetyconcernsandbecausethere
wasnoplacetoputawaySimonsbike.So,
mostofthetimetheydrovethe15milesto
school.
Butin2019,whenSimonwasgoinginto
thirdgrade,the8GyearGoldcameup witha
newwaytohelptheplanet:runningthe15
milestoP.S.81.AndJonathanpromisedhis
sonhedjoinhimforaslongashewanted.
“WedidatestrunonedayinAugust,
anddecidedtogiveitago.Tobehonest,I
thoughthedblink (眨眼)afteritgotrealy
coldorrainy,butheneverdid,”Jonathan
said.Herecaledonedaywhentheweather
wasparticularlybad.“Itsrealyrainingout
theretoday,”hetold Simon.“And Simon
said,‘Welthenweregoingtogetwet!’He
tookprideintoughingitout,anditbecamea
realyfunfamilyroutine.”
Sincethestart,Simonhasrunwithhis
dadandtheirblackdog,Lola,andhaseven
inspiredhismom,NicoleSin Quee,tojoin
in.Theysoonbecameknownas“thefamily
thatrunstoschool”.
1.What makes Simon differentfrom his
classmates?
A.Washinghisclothesbyhimself.
B.Takingmanyclassesafterschool.
C.Raisingstrangequestionsinclass.
D.Takinggreen measurestoprotectthe
environment.
2.HowdidSimonusualygotoschoolinsecG
ondgrade?
A.Bycar. B.Bycycling.
C.Byrunning. D.Byschoolbus.
3.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?
A.Simonhastroublewithhiseyesight.
B.Simonisrealystubbornandinflexible.
C.Simonismuchtougherthanexpected.
D.Simondidntgetsupportfrom hisfaG
ther.
4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.TheBestWaytoGotoSchool
B.FatherandSonRunfortheEnvironment
C.ATeenagerKeepsRunningtoInspireFather
D.ThreeInspiring Running Athletesto
ProtecttheEnvironment
B
Catchyourreusablebagandkissyour
plasticbagsgoodbye.Plasticwasteisonits
wayout,thankstothesegovernmentalbans
fromaroundtheworld.
66
FromIndianatoMaine,governmentsat
allevelsintheUSareforcingbansandimG
provingrecycling.PeopleareshoppingsmarG
terandcompaniesaredoingbettertoensure
theprotectionofourenvironment.Slowlybut
surely,theworldisenteringabrighterfuture
as more and more countries folow.But
theresstilalotofworktobedone—orunG
done.
Sincethe1950s,researcherssaythat
aboutmorethan83biliontonsofplastichas
beenproduced.And60% ofthatwastehas
endedupintheenvironment.Thatnumber
hasincreasedquicklyovertheyears.ForexG
ample,itwasrecordedthattheworldsplasG
ticproductiondoubledfrom1976(50milion
tons)to1989(100miliontons).ItwashighG
estat368milionin2019beforedecreasingto
367milionin2020.
AmiliontonsdecreaseofplasticproducG
tionisnotenoughtodealwiththerisingpresG
suresplasticputsintotheenvironment.We
stildonotknowhowlongittakesforplastic
tobreakdown.Itmeansthatabout12milion
tonsofplasticwastethatenteredtheoceanin
2010isstil breakingintomicroplasticsand
filingupthestomachsofbirdsandseaaniG
mals.Theplasticgoingintoourenvironment
isnotgoingaway.Whilerecentstudiesof
plasticGeatingenzymesandbacteriaoffersome
hopeforthefutureofplasticwastemanageG
ment,thebestwaytodealwithourenvironG
mentalstressisthroughdecrease.
In2020,New YorkCitybegantoban
plasticbags.Butthiswasntthefirstplastic
bagbaninaUSstate.Infact,theUSwasnt
eventhefirstcountrytointroducethisidea.
Backin2002,Bangladeshbecamethefirst
countrytoimplementaplasticbagban.Since
then,othercountrieshavefolowed,introduG
cingtheirownwaystofightwiththecontinuG
ingplasticbags.
5.Whatdoweknowaboutplasticwaste?
A.Wehavecompletelycleaneditup.
B.Itishardlyincreasingalovertheworld.
C.Wehavedonenothingtodealwithit.
D.Thereisalongwaytosolvetheproblem
ofit.
6.Howmuchplasticwastehasbeenputinto
theenvironmentsincethe1950s?
A.Morethan83biliontons.
B.About5biliontons.
C.About100miliontons.
D.Lessthan368miliontons.
7.Whatcanbeinferredaboutdealing with
plastic?
A.Itdoesnttakelongtobreakdownit.
B.Seaanimalscanbeeatingmostofit.
C.Someenzymesandbacteriahelpalot.
D.Cuttingplasticwastedownisstilthe
bestway.
8.Whatdoestheunderlined word “impleG
ment”inthelastparagraphmean?
A.Carryout. B.Keepup.
C.Lookat. D.Takeaway.
ChineseEmbroidery(中国刺绣)
ChineseembroideryreferstoembroiG
derycreatedbyanyofthecultureslocatedin
theareathatmakesupmodernChina.Itis
someoftheoldestextantneedlework(针线
活).ThefourmajorregionalstylesofChinese
embroideryareSuzhouembroidery(SuXiu),HuG
nanembroidery(XiangXiu),GuangdongemG
broidery(YueXiu)andSichuanembroidery
(ShuXiu).
76
素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.文章主要讲述了为
了保护环境,一群自称“环保拾荒艺术家”的人沿着海岸公
路边捡垃圾的故事.
1.C [根据句意,是她的“思绪”在她的生活和晚餐计划之
间摇摆不定,故选C.]
2.B [根据前一句,她的思绪正在她的生活和晚餐计划之
间摇摆不定,姐姐的电话“打断”了她的思绪,故选B.]
3.C [句意:一条 Facebook信息和一次电话采访之后,凯
瑟琳发现自己和8个陌生人坐在一辆公交车上,置身于
犹他州酷热的沙漠之中.凯瑟琳在 NBC上看到了自己
和八个陌生人的身影,故选C.]
4.C [凯瑟琳及同行人在沙漠中捡垃圾的行为,是为了提
高人们的环保意识.raiseawareness意为“提高意识”.
故选C.]
5.D [这里强调凯瑟琳等人的行为动机,表示“对环境深深
的爱”,故选 D.]
6.A [makeadifference“有影响,有关系”,此处表示“想要
有所作为的愿望”.故选 A.]
7.B [他们把自己描述为“环保拾荒艺术家”,故选B.]
8.D [此题表示“走了09英里路”,故选 D.]
9.A [有时他们一整天就走了09英里路,所以比较缓慢.
故选 A.]
10.B [凯瑟琳和戴维将自己经历过的故事告知我们,属于
“分享”,故选B.]
11.A [根据下文“$850cashinthedesert,justenoughto
getherhomeandback”可知凯瑟琳钱不充足,所以应该
选“担忧”,故选 A.]
12.D [句意:她在沙漠里发现了一个空白的、身份不明的
信封,里面装着850美元现金.故选 D.]
13.B [这里表示“他们的车坏掉了”.故选B.]
14.D [当他们的车抛锚时,有人给他们提供了“帮助”,故
选 D.]
15.A [这里表示“怀着清扫公园里所有垃圾的目的,他们
聚到了一起”,withapurposeof意为“带着目的”,故
选 A.]
Ⅱ.[参考范文]
Dearfriends,
Wearewritingthislettertoraiseyourawarenessof
theneedtoourplanet.YoucanhelpsimplybyparticipatG
ingintheNoBottledWaterCampaign.
Scientificresearchshowsthatmilionsoftonsofplastic
areusedworldwidetomakewaterbottleseachyear.The
plasticcantakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.Sowe
wouldliketosuggestyoutakingthefolowingsteps.
1.Carryyourwaterinareusablebottle.Inthisway,
youdontneedtobuybottledwater.
2.Ifyouhavetobuyaplasticbottledbeverage,recycle
thebottleafteruse.
3.Askyourfamilymembersandfriendstotakepartin
thiscampaign.
Everyoneisresponsibleformakingourplanetcleaner
andbetterbydoingwhatwecan.Letsstartnow.
StudentUnion
假期作业13
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.Thequestioniswhetherheisabletodoitalone.
2.Thatiswhyhedidntpasstheexam.
3.XiaoLiisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.
4.Whathewantstoknowiswhichdresssheshouldbuy.
5.Whatistroublingusiswhenwecangettoknowthedetails.
Ⅱ.一、1.poster 2.occur 3.slim 4.overcome 5.former
6.current 7.ordinary 8.therefore 9.destination
10.attitude
二、1.organiser 2.proposal 3.survival 4.determination
5.disappear 6.official 7.container 8.majority
9.annualy 10.polutant
Ⅲ.1.comeupwith 2.takepart(in) 3.cutbackon
4.tosumup 5.prevent...from... 6.bereferredtoas
7.因为 8.关闭 9.导致 10.变得受的欢迎
11.作为而出名 12.因为 13.为负责任
Ⅳ.1.untilaterribleeventoccurred 2.makehersons
dreamcometrue 3.sothatsomeoneelsecouldthentakeit
anduseitfromthere 4.moreandmorecities 5.Asthe
diagramshows
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.slim 2.overcame 3.Therefore 4.occurred 5.orG
dinary 6.current 7.attitudes 8.destination
Ⅱ.1.survival 2.proposal 3.officialy 4.majority
5.indication 6.annualy 7.polutant 8.flooding
9.container 10.disappearance
Ⅲ.1.cameupwith 2.Thanksto 3.takeresponsibilityfor
4.Tosumup 5.takepartin 6.contributeto 7.turnof
8.cutbackon 9.prevent from 10.asaresultof
Ⅳ.1.makesmedoexercise 2.continuedtorununtil 3.is
gettingcoolerandcooler 4.sothatyoucanmakefulprepG
arationsforit 5.Asisknowntousal/Aswealknow
401
Ⅴ.1.n.功能;v.起作用,运转 2.v.预订;n.书 3.v.学
习;n.书房 4.n.散步;v.走 5.v.放慢 6.n.中断 7.n.
必要 8.v.梦想 9.v.进球 10.v.导致
素养提升———感与知
A.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.文章主要讲述了一位
八岁的男孩 SimonCane为环保做出的实际行动———和爸
爸一起跑步去上学.
1.D [细节理解题.根据第一段“WhenSimonCanewasin
thesecondgrade...P.S.81,intheBronx.”以及“SoSiG
monconvincedhisparentstostart...andother‘green
measures.”可知,当SimonCane上二年级的时候,他开始
学习人类对环境的所有影响,把那些课堂上所学的内容
铭记于心,并且采取“绿色”措施保护环境,这使得他跟他
的同学不同.故选 D项.]
2.A [推理判断题.根据第二段“AsSimongotbigger...
So,mostofthetimetheydrovethe15milestoschool.”
以及 第 三 段“Butin2019,whenSimonwasgoinginto
thirdgrade,the8GyearGoldcameupwithanew wayto
helptheplanet:runningthe15milestoP.S.81.”可推
知,二年 级 时 SimonCane 主 要 是 坐 车 去 上 学.故 选
A项.]
3.C [推理判断题.根据第四段“‘Tobehonest,Ithought
hedblink(眨眼)afteritgotrealycoldorrainy,buthe
neverdid,’Jonathansaid.”可知,SimonCane比预料的要
坚强.故选C项.]
4.B [标题归纳题.阅读全文,尤其是根据第一段“When
SimonCanewasinthesecondgrade...andrealytook
thoseclassroomlessonstoheart”以及最后一段“Sincethe
start...Theysoonbecameknownas ‘thefamilythat
runstoschool.’”可知,本文主要讲述八岁的男孩 Simon
Cane很重视环保,并且为环保做出的实际行动———和爸
爸一起跑步去上学.故选B项.]
B.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了由于
世界各地的这些政府禁令,塑料垃圾正在消失,但仍有许多
工作要做或未做.文章也介绍了世界塑料垃圾的数量和处
理塑料垃圾面临的问题等.
5.D [细节理解题.根据第二段中“Slowlybutsurely,the
worldisenteringabrighterfutureas moreand more
countriesfolow.Buttheresstil alotofworktobe
done—orundone.”可知,解决塑料垃圾问题有很长的路
要走.故选 D.]
6.B [细节理解题.根据第三段中“Sincethe1950s...in
theenvironment.”可知,自20世纪50年代以来,约83亿
×60%≈50亿吨塑料垃圾被排放到环境中.故选B.]
7.D [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 中 “Whilerecent
studiesof...thebestwaytodealwithourenvironmental
stressisthroughdecrease.”可推知,减少塑料垃圾仍然是
处理塑料最好的方法.故选 D.]
8.A [词义猜测题.根据最后一段中“In2020,NewYork
Citybegantoban...tointroducethisidea.”以及画线词
上文“Backin2002,Bangladeshbecamethefirstcountry
to”和后文“aplasticbagban”可知,2020年,纽约市开始
禁止塑料袋.但这并不是美国第一个禁止使用塑料袋的
州.事实上,美国甚至不是第一个引入这种想法的国家,
因为早在2002年,孟加拉国就成为第一个实施塑料袋禁
令的国家.故画线词意思是“实施”.故选 A.]
假期作业14
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.Theideathattheearthisroundisnotanewone.
2.Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.
3.Ihavenoideawhenhewilbeback.
4.Thewholetruthcameoutatlastthathewasathief.
5.Thefactthatseawatercannotbeusedfordrinkingis
knowntoal.
Ⅱ.一、1.approach 2.partner 3.inner 4.unlikely
二、1.reflect 2.argue 3.assume 4.flexible 5.promote
6.exist 7.ignore 8.impression
Ⅲ.1.takepartin 2.indanger 3.becuriousabout
4.prefertodosth. 5.brushup(on) 6.reflecton 7.arG
guewith 8.endupdoing 9.workout 10.inshort
11.尝试 12.在的心中 13.变得流利 14.以为
根据 15.以这种方式 16.妨碍,挡道
Ⅳ.1.whiletheoutervoicetelsyouaboutopinionsfrom
whatyouhearorread 2.findyourinnervoicedifficultto
control 3.Ifnot 4.Askingquestions 5.Itistruethat
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.approaches 2.partners 3.geometry 4.favourite
5.data 6.automatic 7.inner 8.unlikely
Ⅱ.1.ignorant 2.impression 3.existence 4.assumption
5.reflection 6.argument 7.ignorance 8.flexibility
Ⅲ.1.basedon 2.workout 3.Reflectingon 4.endup
5.inthisway 6.attemptedto 7.arguewith 8.Atthe
heartof 9.brushupon 10.inshort
Ⅳ.1.Itisobviousthat 2.strugglingforouraims
3.whilehissisterisgoodatChinese 4.foundhimselfina
roomhedidntrecognize 5.Ifnot
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