内容正文:
假期作业12 GREENLIVING(Ⅰ)
No.1 基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.写作句型练
(十二) 宾语从句
宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用,它既
可作谓语动词的宾语,也可作介词、非谓语动
词的宾语.
1.Thekindmanalwaysconsiders
whathecandoto
宾语(从句)
helpothers.
2.Hehasastrongbeliefinwhateverhiswifesays
宾语(从句)
.
1.我认为看太多电视对人的健康有害.
2.我不知道他在哪所学校读书.
3.她不知道谁首先发现了美洲大陆.
4.你能告诉我最近的邮局在哪儿吗?
5.你知道他将于什么时候动身去香港吗?
Ⅱ.单词分类记
一、写作单词
1. [̍əʊʃn]n.海洋
2. [smɒg]n.雾霾
3. [̍dezət]n.沙漠
4. [In̍dʌstriəl]adj.工业的
5. [̍trænspɔːt]n.交通运输系统,运
输方式
6. [̩riː̍saIkl]vi.&vt.再利用,回收
利用
7. [̍bɒðə(r)]vi.&vt.费心,麻烦
8. [fɜːm]adj.坚实的;稳固的
二、拓展单词
1. [̍ɡləʊbl]adj.全球的,全世界的→
globen.地球;地球仪
2. [Ik̍stIkʃn]n.灭绝→extinct
adj.灭绝的,绝种的;熄灭的vt.使熄灭
3. [sə̍luːʃn]n.解决办法→solvevt.
解决;解答
4. [I̩lek̍trIsəti]n.电 →electrical
adj.有关电的;电气科学的→electriciann.
电工;电气技师
5. [̍bæləns]n.平衡→balancedadj.
平衡的
6. [fɜːm]adj.坚实的;稳固的→firmG
lyadv.坚定地;坚信地
7. [faʊn̍deIʃn]n.基础;地基 →
foundvt.创立,建立→foundern.创立者,创
办者,创建者
8. [In̍vɒlv]vt.参与;包含→involved
adj.有关的;卷入的→involvementn.参与;
牵连
Ⅲ.短语双向记
1. 尽自己所能做某事
2. 懒得做某事
3. 全世界
4. 因而遭受痛苦
5. 有影响,使不同
6. 采取行动
7.setup
8.inadditionto
9.becommittedto
10.forinstance
11.saytooneself
12.berootedin...
95
Ⅳ.经典句式记
1.reason作先行词的定语从句
Thesecondsectionexplains
(造成
不同种类的污染的原因).
2.which引导非限制性定语从句
Wealknowthattherearevarioustypesof
polutionaroundus,
(这会造
成各种各样的环境问题).
3.感叹句
(多么漂亮的花
园啊)!
4.leave+宾语+宾语补足语
Wel,sayyou (让
水一直流)whileyoubrushyourteeth.
5.动词不定式作目的状语
(为了激励年轻人行
动起来保护环境),animalsandtheircomG
munity,Roots&Shootswasestablished.
No.2 基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Theshow washeldtoencouragestudents
to (回收,再利用)theirrubbish
andprotecttheenvironment.
2.Idonthavetocatchpublic (交
通)toschool,whichreducestheriskofinG
fection.
3.Sincethe1940s,southern Californiahas
hadareputationfor (雾霾).
4.ShegaveahairGraisingaccountofheresG
capethroughthe (沙漠).
5.What (费心)memostishowI
cangetsomuchmoneyfortheproject.
6.The (海洋)wavesareslowlyeatG
ingawaythecoastalrocks.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Theteacheraskedmetothinkofabetter
(solve)totheproblem.
2.Somesharkspeciesarenowindangerof
(extinct)duetoseriouspoluG
tionoftheocean.
3.ThefundprovidesmoneytocleanupchemG
icalypoluted (industry)sites.
4.Withtheaveragetemperaturegoingupby
morethan15degrees,thereissolideviG
denceof (globe)warming.
5.Polutioncanhavedisastrouseffectsonthe
delicately (balance)ecosystem.
6.Itwasonelookattheoldphoto,andI
(transport)backtochildG
hood.
7.Theirinventionshavecontributedtothe
developmentof (electricity)enG
gineering.
8.Thepencilsaremadefrom (reG
cycle)paper.Whenyousharpenthem,they
turnintocolorfulpapershavings(碎屑).
9.Weare (firm)opposedtohelping
theyoungmanaddictedtoalcohol.
10.The (found)ofthecompany
marksanexcitingtimeininformationtechG
nology.
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空
doonespartforsth.;cantbebotheredto
dosth.;al aroundtheworld;sufferfrom;
makeadifference;takeaction;setup;inadG
ditionto
1.IknowIshouldnoteatouttoooften,butI
just cookfor
myself.
2.Everyoneshould ourcountry
tobecomebetter.
3. ,thesearrangements,
extraambulanceswilbeondutyuntilmidG
night.
4.Wecantjustsithereanddonothing.We
haveto !
06
5.Shehas avoluntaryorganization
providinghelpfortheelderly.
6.̀Onlyifweknow whatwedoinourdaily
lifecanwe .
7.Touristscomefrom
toseeNiagaraFals.
8.Wedonthesitatetogiveourlivesforour
country,letalone hardG
ships.
Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子
1.男孩们正在操场上玩耍.多么温暖的场景
啊! (感叹句)
Theboysareplayingontheplayground.
!
2.他们绘画作品中存在的东西常常让我陷入
沉思.(leave+宾语+宾语补足语)
Whatexistsintheirpaintingworksoften
.
3.我的意见与我的班长相反,这引起了我们之
间的激烈讨论.(which引导定语从句)
Myopinionwasoppositetomymonitors,
.
4.我去那里的唯一理由就是想看看我的老朋
友.(reason作先行词的定语从句)
Iwantedtomeetmyoldfriends.
5.为了谋生,他不得不日夜劳作.(动词不定
式作目的状语)
,hehadtoworkday
andnight.
Ⅴ.基础语法练(动词Ging形式和动词Ged形式)
同义句转换
1.Thesunshinesbrightlyinthesky,and
givesuslightandheat.
→Thesunshinesbrightlyinthesky,
.
2.Whenpeopleaskedthemanwhatthetrip
meanttohim,hesaiditwas“anexperience
ofalifetime”.
→ whatthetripmeanttohim,
themansaiditwas“anexperienceofalifeG
time”.
3.Afterhehadworkedfortwodays,Steve
managedtofinishhisreportonschedule.
→ ,
Steve managed to finish his report on
schedule.
4.ThewitnesswhowasquestionedbythepoG
licejustnow gaveverydifferentdescripG
tionsofthefight.
→Thewitness
gaveverydifferentdescriptionsofthe
fight.
5.IfyoucompareQuebecCitywithothercitG
iesinCanada,itseemsmorelikeacharming
Europeanvilage.
→ othercitiesinCanada,
QuebecCityseems morelikeacharming
Europeanvilage.
No.3 素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.完形填空
Oneevening,Catherinewasathomeasusual.
Asher 1 swungbetweenwhatshewasgoingto
dowithherlifeandherdinnerplansfortheevening,
shewasunexpectedly 2 byanurgentcalfrom
hersister“Getoverhere! TurnonNBCandcheck
theseguysout.Theyarejustlikeyou.”OneFaceG
bookmessageandaphoneinterviewlater,Catherine
3 herselfonabuswith8strangersinthemiddle
oftheswelteringdesertofUtah,pickinguptrashand
4 awarenessofzeroGwasteandclimatechange.
1.A.memory B.balance
C.thoughts D.position
2.A.blamed B.interrupted
C.moved D.frightened
3.A.rejected B.cheered
C.found D.taught
4.A.abandoning B.shaking
C.raising D.ilustrating
16
Withadeep 5 oftheenvironmentandadeG
siretomakea 6 ,Catherine,Davey,andagroup
ofself 7 “environmentalpickGupartists”wenton
acoasttocoastroadsidetrashpickGup.Asthey
walkedsometimesonly 8 09milesonanentire
daythey 9 andsteadilymadetheirwayacrossthe
UnitedStatesforthreeyears,pickingupatotalof
201,678poundsoftrash.
CatherineandDavey 10 wonderfulstoriesof
hopeandinspirationwithusthatfueledtheirefforts
tocontinuetheirjourney.AfterspendingweekssiG
lently 11 howshewouldhaveenoughmoneyto
flyhomeforhertwoGweekspringbreak,Catherine
foundablank,unidentifiedenvelope 12 with
$850cashinthedesert,justenoughtogetherhome
andback.Aftertheirbus 13 outsideofDenver,
theyunexpectedlygot 14 andarrivedinYosemite
NationalParkthreeweekslater,justintimeforthe
“YosemiteFacelift”wherevolunteersfromal over
thestatecametogetherwitha 15 ofcleaningup
trashaloverthepark.Together,theirteamlearnedto
simplydevotethemselvestotheirtask,andsurrenderto
thejourney.
5.A.pride B.trust
C.tension D.love
6.A.difference B.promise
C.mistake D.plan
7.A.corrected B.described
C.repeated D.discovered
8.A.driving B.fixing
C.riding D.covering
9.A.slowly B.secretly
C.helplessly D.frequently
10.A.heard B.shared
C.wrote D.read
11.A.worryingabout B.replyingto
C.dependingon D.meetingwith
12.A.equipped B.supplied
C.decorated D.filed
13.A.setoff B.brokedown
C.headedfor D.heldon
14.A.rest B.practice
C.understanding D.help
15.A.purpose B.question
C.decision D.lesson
Ⅱ.应用文写作
假定你是校学生会主席李华,为了更好地
保护环境,你代表学生会向全校学生(包括英
国交换生)用英语写一份“NoBottled Water
Campaign”倡议信.
内容包括:
1.问题;
2.原因;
3.措施.
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数.
提示词:campaign活动
Dearfriends,
StudentUnion
ChinesePainting(国画)
Chinesepaintingcanbetracedbackto
paintingson Neolithicpotterysixorseven
thousandyearsago.Sincesimilartoolsand
lineswereusedfortheearliestpaintingand
writing,paintingissaidtohavethesameoriG
ginascaligraphy(书 法).Thus,Chinese
paintingsusualyintegratepoetryorcaligraG
phywiththemesthatincludefigures(人物),
landscapes,flowers,birdsandotheranimals.
26
11.D [根 据 上 文“Shehasnobonesinherleftthumb.
However,asapianist,sheisinspiring 1 around
theworld.”可知,她身体有残疾,但是依然能成为鼓舞全
世界的钢琴家,所以她是有天赋的.故选 D项.]
12.A [根据下文“Shesharesherloveforlife.”可知,此处
表示她不仅分享对音乐的热爱.故选 A项.]
13.B [根据上文“Herbodymaybeincomplete,buther
spiritis 13 .”可知,此处表示她的精神是完整
的.故选B项.]
14.C [根据上文“Sheisfulofbeliefinherownabilities”
以及下文“foranyonetryingtoclimboveror 15
theirowndifficulties.”可知,她是任何希望跨越或者消除
障碍的人的榜样.故选C项.]
15.D [根据下文“theirowndifficulties”可知,此处表示消
除他们自己的障碍.故选 D项.]
Ⅱ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了北
京胡同的发展历史、建造作用以及当前的状况等.
1.Surrounding [考查非谓语动词.分析该句结构可知,
many前面的部分为状语,surround在句中作非谓语;且
主语 many代指“胡同”,和动词surround之间是逻辑上
的主谓关系,应用动词Ging形式.故填Surrounding.]
2.dynasties [考查名词的单复数.根据该句中的“Yuan,
MingandQing”可知,该处指三个朝代,dynasty为可数名
词,该处用复数形式.故填dynasties.]
3.The [考查定冠词.根据该句中的“ofthecityBeijing”
可知,该 处 特 指 “北 京 城 的 中 心”,应 用 定 冠 词. 故
填 The.]
4.closed [考查词性转换.根据句子结构和空后的名词
“China”可知,空处修饰该名词,表示“闭关自守的”,应用
形容词.故填closed.]
5.their [考查代词.根据空后的名词短语“formerneatarG
rangement”可知,空处修饰该名词短语,应用形容词性物
主代词.故填their.]
6.wereimproved [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致.该
句主语为“hutongconditions”,和动词improve之间是被
动关系,故用被动语态;根据该句中的时间状语可知,该
句介 绍 过 去 发 生 的 事 情,故 用 一 般 过 去 时.主 语 为
hutongconditions,谓语动词用复数形式.故填 wereimG
proved.]
7.down [考查介词.puldown为固定搭配,意为“拆毁”.
故填down.]
8.both [考查固定搭配.both...and...为固定搭配,意
为“两者都”.故填both.]
9.third [考查数词.该处指“在北京市区的胡同中的房子
占整个地区的三分之一”,分母用序数词,故填third.]
10.havesurvived [考查动词的时态和主谓一致.根据该
句中的“stiloccupy”可知,该空表示过去的动作一直持续
到现在,故用现在完成时.主语为hutongs,谓语动词用
have.故填havesurvived.]
假期作业12
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.IthinkwatchingTVtoomuchisbadforpeopleshealth.
2.Idontknowwhichschoolheisin.
3.Shedoesntknow whofirstdiscoveredAmericanContiG
nent.
4.Couldyoutel mewherethenearestpostofficeis?
5.DoyouknowwhenheisleavingforHongKong?
Ⅱ.一、1.ocean 2.smog 3.desert 4.industrial
5.transport 6.recycle 7.bother 8.firm
二、1.global 2.extinction 3.solution 4.electricity
5.balance 6.firm 7.foundation 8.involve
Ⅲ.1.doonespartforsth. 2.cantbebotheredtodosth.
3.alaroundtheworld 4.sufferfrom 5.makeadifferG
ence 6.takeaction 7.成立;设立;搭建
8.除了之外(还) 9.致力于;献身于 10.例如 11.
自忖,自言自语 12.植根于
Ⅳ.1.thereasonsthatcausedifferenttypesofpolution
2.whichmaycausedifferentkindsofenvironmentalprobG
lems 3.Whatabeautifulgarden 4.leavethetaprunning
5.ToinspireyoungpeopletotakeactionfortheenvironG
ment
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.recycle 2.transport 3.smog 4.desert 5.bothers
6.ocean
Ⅱ.1.solution 2.extinction 3.industrial 4.global
5.balanced 6.wastransported 7.electrical 8.recycled
9.firmly 10.foundation
Ⅲ.1.cantbebotheredto 2.dohispartfor 3.InaddiG
tionto 4.takeaction 5.setup 6.makeadifference
7.alaroundtheworld 8.sufferfrom
Ⅳ.1.Whatawarmsceneitis 2.leavesmelostinthought
3.whichledtoheateddiscussionbetweenus 4.Theonly
reasonwhyIwenttherewasthat 5.Tomakealiving
Ⅴ.1.givinguslightandheat 2.Whenasked 3.Having
workedfortwodays 4.questionedbythepolicejustnow
5.Comparedwith
301
素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.文章主要讲述了为
了保护环境,一群自称“环保拾荒艺术家”的人沿着海岸公
路边捡垃圾的故事.
1.C [根据句意,是她的“思绪”在她的生活和晚餐计划之
间摇摆不定,故选C.]
2.B [根据前一句,她的思绪正在她的生活和晚餐计划之
间摇摆不定,姐姐的电话“打断”了她的思绪,故选B.]
3.C [句意:一条 Facebook信息和一次电话采访之后,凯
瑟琳发现自己和8个陌生人坐在一辆公交车上,置身于
犹他州酷热的沙漠之中.凯瑟琳在 NBC上看到了自己
和八个陌生人的身影,故选C.]
4.C [凯瑟琳及同行人在沙漠中捡垃圾的行为,是为了提
高人们的环保意识.raiseawareness意为“提高意识”.
故选C.]
5.D [这里强调凯瑟琳等人的行为动机,表示“对环境深深
的爱”,故选 D.]
6.A [makeadifference“有影响,有关系”,此处表示“想要
有所作为的愿望”.故选 A.]
7.B [他们把自己描述为“环保拾荒艺术家”,故选B.]
8.D [此题表示“走了09英里路”,故选 D.]
9.A [有时他们一整天就走了09英里路,所以比较缓慢.
故选 A.]
10.B [凯瑟琳和戴维将自己经历过的故事告知我们,属于
“分享”,故选B.]
11.A [根据下文“$850cashinthedesert,justenoughto
getherhomeandback”可知凯瑟琳钱不充足,所以应该
选“担忧”,故选 A.]
12.D [句意:她在沙漠里发现了一个空白的、身份不明的
信封,里面装着850美元现金.故选 D.]
13.B [这里表示“他们的车坏掉了”.故选B.]
14.D [当他们的车抛锚时,有人给他们提供了“帮助”,故
选 D.]
15.A [这里表示“怀着清扫公园里所有垃圾的目的,他们
聚到了一起”,withapurposeof意为“带着目的”,故
选 A.]
Ⅱ.[参考范文]
Dearfriends,
Wearewritingthislettertoraiseyourawarenessof
theneedtoourplanet.YoucanhelpsimplybyparticipatG
ingintheNoBottledWaterCampaign.
Scientificresearchshowsthatmilionsoftonsofplastic
areusedworldwidetomakewaterbottleseachyear.The
plasticcantakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.Sowe
wouldliketosuggestyoutakingthefolowingsteps.
1.Carryyourwaterinareusablebottle.Inthisway,
youdontneedtobuybottledwater.
2.Ifyouhavetobuyaplasticbottledbeverage,recycle
thebottleafteruse.
3.Askyourfamilymembersandfriendstotakepartin
thiscampaign.
Everyoneisresponsibleformakingourplanetcleaner
andbetterbydoingwhatwecan.Letsstartnow.
StudentUnion
假期作业13
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.Thequestioniswhetherheisabletodoitalone.
2.Thatiswhyhedidntpasstheexam.
3.XiaoLiisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.
4.Whathewantstoknowiswhichdresssheshouldbuy.
5.Whatistroublingusiswhenwecangettoknowthedetails.
Ⅱ.一、1.poster 2.occur 3.slim 4.overcome 5.former
6.current 7.ordinary 8.therefore 9.destination
10.attitude
二、1.organiser 2.proposal 3.survival 4.determination
5.disappear 6.official 7.container 8.majority
9.annualy 10.polutant
Ⅲ.1.comeupwith 2.takepart(in) 3.cutbackon
4.tosumup 5.prevent...from... 6.bereferredtoas
7.因为 8.关闭 9.导致 10.变得受的欢迎
11.作为而出名 12.因为 13.为负责任
Ⅳ.1.untilaterribleeventoccurred 2.makehersons
dreamcometrue 3.sothatsomeoneelsecouldthentakeit
anduseitfromthere 4.moreandmorecities 5.Asthe
diagramshows
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.slim 2.overcame 3.Therefore 4.occurred 5.orG
dinary 6.current 7.attitudes 8.destination
Ⅱ.1.survival 2.proposal 3.officialy 4.majority
5.indication 6.annualy 7.polutant 8.flooding
9.container 10.disappearance
Ⅲ.1.cameupwith 2.Thanksto 3.takeresponsibilityfor
4.Tosumup 5.takepartin 6.contributeto 7.turnof
8.cutbackon 9.prevent from 10.asaresultof
Ⅳ.1.makesmedoexercise 2.continuedtorununtil 3.is
gettingcoolerandcooler 4.sothatyoucanmakefulprepG
arationsforit 5.Asisknowntousal/Aswealknow
401