内容正文:
必修第二册
假期作业4 INFORMATIONTECHNOLOGY(Ⅰ)
No.1 基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.写作句型练
(四) 主谓宾宾补结构
构 成 主语+谓语+复合宾语
此类句型在写作中属于中档句型,其复合
宾语由宾语和宾语补足语构成,宾语与宾语补
足语之间存在逻辑关系,即主动或被动关系.
宾语补足语通常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短
语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词和从句等.
We
主语
found
谓语
him
宾语
unhappy
宾补(形)
/ out
宾补(副)
/
inthecrowd
宾补(介词短语)
/standingthere
宾补(现在分词)
/
tiedtoatree.
宾补(过去分词)
1.我们选他当我们的班长.
2.那个男孩一脚把门踢开了.
3.我认为他信任汤姆是愚蠢的.
4.医生建议他做手术.
5.她偶然发现母亲在读她的日记.
Ⅱ.单词分类记
一、写作单词
1. [I̍neIbl]vt.使可能,使发生
2. [I̍fekt]n.效应;影响
3. [̍Impækt]n.影响;作用
4. [In̍di.d]adv.确实;当然
5. [̩pɜːsə̍næləti]n.个性,性格
6. [əd̍mIt]vi.&vt.承认
7. [trIk]vt.欺骗,诱骗,哄骗
8. [Ik̍sperImənt]vi.&vt.做实
验,进行试验;n.实验
9. [tʃiːt]vt.欺骗;欺诈
10. [vjuː]vt.看,把视为
二、拓展单词
1. [Ik̍splɔ:(r)]vt.探究;探讨;探
险→explorern.探 索 者 →explorationn.
探索
2. [kən̍viːniəns]n.方便,便利
→convenientadj.方便的,便利的
3. [ə̍dIktId]adj.对着迷的;
沉迷的 →addictv.使沉迷 →addictionn.
上瘾
4. [̩rekəmen̍deIʃn]n.建议,
提议;推荐→recommendv.建议;推荐
5. [və̍raIəti]n.多样化,变化→variG
ousadj.不同的,各种各样的→varyv.改
变;使不同
6. [̍sensəbl]adj.朴素实用的;明
智的,合理的→sensen.意义;感官→sensiG
tiveadj.易生气的;敏感的
7. [̩kriːeI̍tIvətI]n.创造力;独创
性→creativeadj.有创造力的,创造性的→
createvt.创 造,发 明;创 作 →creationn.
创造
71
8. [̍ɒbviəsli]adv.显而易见地,
明显地→obviousadj.明显的,显而易见的
9. [sI̍lekʃn]n.供选择的同类物
品;选择→selectvt.挑选→selectiveadj.严
格筛选的
10. [kən̍sɜːn]n.担忧,忧虑;vt.
与有关;使担心→concernedadj.担心
的→concerningprep.关于;涉及
Ⅲ.短语双向记
1. 沉迷
2. 各种各样的
3. 几乎,差不多;大概
4. 代替,而不是
5.lookforwardto
6.havethepowertodosth.
7.movearound
8.looklike
Ⅳ.经典句式记
1.过去分词短语作定语
Thesedigitalidentities,
(即虚拟头像),areakeypartofhowpeoG
pleusetheInternettocommunicateandexG
pressthemselves.
2.“so...that...”意为“如此以至于”
Someusersworrythattheyarespending
(在虚
拟世界中花费太多时间以至于)theyare
becomingafraidofmeetingpeopleinthereG
alworld.
3.what引导名词性从句
TheyalsoexperimentwiththingslikedifG
ferenthairstyles—whichsaysalot,perG
haps,about
(想要看起来像什么).
4.that引导定语从句
Mostpeoplecreateavatars
(和他
们的 个 性 有 相 似 的 特 征)andthatlook
moreorlesslikethemandactlikethem.
5.过去完成时的被动语态
Bythelate1990s,they
(已经用于网络聊天中了).
No.2 基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He (承认)stealingtheneckG
lacethedaybeforeandsaidhewassorry.
2.Forthosewith muchincome,acityproG
videscolorfulenvironmentwhich
(使可能)peopletoenjoytheirmodernlife.
3.Ourfriendswilplay (诡计)on
usandtrytofoolus.
4.Theastronautsareconductingaseriesof
(实验)tolearnmoreabout
howthebodyadaptstoweightlessness.
5.Butyoucouldhavesettledthematterina
(明智的)way.
6.Studentsmaybetemptedto (欺
骗;作弊)inordertogetintotopschools.
7.Heactualyenjoyshisnew (发
型)andhasdecidedtostartshowingitoff.
8.Doyouhaveanypreviousexperienceofthis
(类型)ofwork?
9.Thesoldierdidntexpectwhathappened
nextwouldhavesuchan (影响)
onhislife.
10.He (下载)somemusicalong
withsomeuselessappsfromthewebsiteat
thesametime.
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Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Ourgovernmenthastaken (vaG
riety)measurestoreducetheeffectsof
globalwarming.
2.Theyare (concern)aboutgetG
tingleftbehind.Thatis whythey work
harddayandnight.
3.Thistoywilhelpchildrentodeveloptheir
(create)toadegree.
4.Falseadsplaytricks
consumers,thuscausingdamagetotheir
legalrightsandinterests.
5.TheyoungfilmGmakerswereexcitedtoexG
periment newthemesandtechG
niques.
6.Althoughthepresentisntworthmuch,I
valueitverymuch. my
view,itsthethoughtthatcounts.
7.Dontworry.Yoursonisnowinastage
whereheislookingforwardto
(make)decisionbyhimself.
8.Wecanbecomeaccustomedtoanychanges
wechoosetomakeinour (perG
son).
9.Bymeansofmoderntechnologyweareable
tocommunicatewitheachother
(instant).
10. (obvious),theabilitytotalk
markshumansofffromanimals.
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空
beaddictedto;avarietyof;moreorless;inG
steadof;lookforwardto;havethepowerto
dosth.;movearound;looklike
1.Hefelthehadtomakeuphismindonevery
step takingrisks.
2.He thecountryworking
inorangegrovesonthefarm.
3.Asamatteroffact,ananimalseyes
speakagreatlanguage.
4.Someoftheyoung
computergamesbecauseofthe meaningG
lessnessoftheirlives.
5.Thetestisusedtodiagnose
diseasesbythedoctor.
6.Ontheotherhand,somepaintingsofmodG
ernartaresorealisticthatthey
photographs.
7.Thecontentofthetwoarticlesis
thesame.
8.Hisfansbelieveheisthebestsingerand
enjoyinghisperG
formanceonthestage.
Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子
1.大多时候,人们在网上聊天时,可以使用他们
自己所创建的头像.(that引导定语从句)
Mostly whenchattingonline,peoplecan
useavatars .
2.公 园 入 口 处 有 那 么 多 人,我 们 进 不 去.
(so...that...引导的结果状语从句)
Thereare
.
3.所有的人都参加了上星期举行的会议.(过
去分词短语作定语)
Everybodyattended
.
91
4.她所作的解释仍不合理.(what引导名词
性从句)
remainsunreasonable.
5.这是巴西第二次举办世界杯足球赛了.(过
去完成时的被动语态)
ItwasthesecondtimethattheFIFA World
Cup byBrazil.
Ⅴ.基础语法练(过去将来时)
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.Wenoticedapostersayingthatthere
(be)anEnglishdramacontestafew
dayslater.
2.We (leave)veryearlyso
wepackedeverythingthenightbefore.
3.Sheofferedusalotofvaluablesuggestions
andtoldusthatwe (win).
4.Bettysaidshe (visit)theGreat
WalnextSaturday.
5.Imentionedthatwe (be)going
tocrossamountainstream.
6.TheytoldhertostaystiluntiltheemerG
gencypersonnelarrived,butshethought
thecar (be)goingtoexplode.
7.WhenIwas13,myonlypurpose
(become)thestarinourfootbal
team.
8.Justwhenshe (be)abouttospeak,
astudentrushedinandpushedheraside!
9.Hesaidhe (learn)
Frenchthenextweek.
10.Inoticedthatit (rain)
whenIlookedatthesky.
No.3 素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.阅读理解
YesterdayIclearedup myhouseandI
meanrealyclearedupmyhouse.Theroom
thatgavethemostresultswasmyhusbands
“office”.ThereIfound:onerightGfooted
shoe,size10(helosttheotheronesomeG
where),asetofStarWarsvideosandtwo
smalchinacatssomeonegavemelastbirthG
day.Icolectedthese“finds”andtookthem
downstairsandlogged(登 录)ontowww.
eBay.com:theanswertoalourrubbish.
WhatiseBay?Itaimstoprovideaglobal
tradingplatform(平台)wherealmostanyone
cantradealmostanything.Theideacame
fromPierreOmidyar.BorninParis,Omidyar
movedto Washington whenhe wasstil a
child.AthighschoolhebecameveryinterestG
edincomputerprogrammingandaftergraduG
ating from Tufts University in 1988,he
workedforthenextfewyearsasacomputer
engineer.InhisfreetimehestartedeBayasa
kindofhobby,originalyofferingtheservice
freebywordofmouth.By1996therewasso
muchtrafficonthesitethathehadtoupgrade
(升级)andhebegancolectingfees.Joinedby
afriend,PeterSkol,andin1998byhisdyG
namic CEO,Meg Whitman,he has never
lookedback.EveninthegreatdotGcomcrashes
ofthelate1990s,eBaywentfromstrengthto
strength.Itisnowoneofthetenmostvisited
onlineshoppingsitesontheInternet.
Ifyouthinkaboutit,itsaperfectInterG
netidea.AlyouhavetodoistakeaneGphoG
to,writeadescription,filoutasalesformand
youreinbusiness;theworldisyourmarket
place.
02
SomeofthemorebizarregoodsupforofG
ferhavebeenapieceofFrenchbread,partialG
lyeaten by Justin Timberlake,advertising
spaceonamanshead,andapairofusedfalse
teeth.
OneweeklaterIamproudofhavinga
cleanandtidyhomeand 110incash.SomeG
oneevenboughttheshoe.
1.WhydidtheauthorlogontoeBay?
A.Toselsomeuselessthings.
B.Tobuyshoesforherhusband.
C.Toexchangethingswithotherusers.
D.Tosearchforthingsusedattheoffice.
2.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2about
eBay?
A.Itaimstoprovideafreeservice.
B.Itwastheideaofahighschoolboy.
C.Ithasbecomemoreandmoresuccessful.
D.Itfacedadificultsituationinthelate1990s.
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bizarre”in
Paragraph4mean?
A.Popular. B.Unusual.
C.Valuable. D.Unacceptable.
4.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofeBay?
A.Sheissatisfiedwithit.
B.Sheisworriedaboutit.
C.Sheshowsnointerestinit.
D.Shethinksitwastesalotofmoney.
Ⅱ.应用文写作
假设你是高一学生李华.你的英国朋友
吉姆在给你的邮件中提到他对中国儒家文化
很感兴趣,并请你介绍历史人物孔子(ConfuG
cius).请你给吉姆回一封邮件,介绍孔子,
内容包括:
1.基本情况;
2.主要主张:仁、义;
3.重要影响.
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可适当增加细节以使行文连贯.
DearJim,
Itsgreattohearfromyou.Ifeelproud
ofknowingyourinterestinconfucianculture
intheancientChinesehistory.
Yours,
LiHua
QingMingFestival(清明节)
QingMingFestivalisatimetorememG
berthedeadandthedearlydeparted.More
important,itisaperiodtohonourandtopay
respecttoonesdeceasedancestorsandfamiG
lymembers.Becauseitreinforcestheethicof
filialpiety,QingMingisamajorChinesefesG
tival,anditisanoccasionforthewholefamiG
lytoleavethehomeandtosweepthegraves
oftheirforebears.
12
13.B [根据第一段中“insteadofhostingtheirfriendsand
familyforatraditionalfeastreception”和“feedthehomeG
lesspeoplefromanearthquakeGstrickenarea.”可知,这
对夫妇放弃了(quit)他们个人的婚礼庆祝活动.]
14.A [根 据 上 文 “LastThursday,MichaelandLinda
weredistributing(分发)mealsto4,000homelesspeople
fortheirweddingreception(婚礼招待会)ontheborder
townofKilis.”可知,这对夫妇所做的是善良的行为,一
个小小的善意(kindness)会产生很大的影响.]
15.D [根据下文“thiswilgivethestartforotherwedding
dinnerstobeheldherewithourbrothersandsistersin
need.”可知,结尾表示期望,希望(Hopefuly)越来越多
的婚礼晚宴能够以这种用救济灾民的形式来庆祝.]
Ⅱ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了世
界各地的节日以及庆祝活动.
1.havebeenheld [考查动词的时态和语态.根据时间状
语sinceancienttimes可知,本句应用现在完成时,且句
子主语 Festivalsandcelebrationsofal kinds和 动 词
hold之间是被动关系,本空应用现在完成时的被动语
态.故填havebeenheld.]
2.origins [考查名词的单复数.根据空前形容词 many可
知,本空应用名词复数.故填origins.]
3.tohonor [考查非谓语动词.根据句意可知,本空在句中
作目的状语,故应用动词不定式形式.故填tohonor.]
4.the [考查冠词.空后名词 moon为独一无二的名词,
故本空应用定冠词.故填the.]
5.energetic [考查词性转换.本空修饰名词festivals,故
应用形容词作定语.故填energetic.]
6.that [考查定语从句.本空引导定语从句,修饰不定代
词theones,本空在从句中作主语,指物,故应用关系代
词.故填that.]
7.in [考查介词.根据常识可知,过春节大人是把压岁钱
放在红包里.表示“在里面”.故填in.]
8.exciting [考查词性转换.本空修饰名词carnivals,故
应用形容词作定语,意为“令人兴奋的”.故填exciting.]
9.usualy [考 查 词 性 转 换. 本 空 修 饰 时 间 状 语 in
February,应用副词形式.故填usualy.]
10.enjoying [考查非谓语动词.havefundoingsth.意为
“做某事很愉快”,本空应用动词Ging形 式.故 填 enjoG
ying.]
假期作业4
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.Weelectedhimmonitorofourclass.
2.Theboykickedthedooropen.
3.IthinkitfoolishofhimtobelieveinTom.
4.Thedoctoradvisedhimtohaveanoperation.
5.Shecaughthermotherreadingherdiary.
Ⅱ.一、1.enable 2.effect 3.impact 4.indeed 5.perG
sonality 6.admit 7.trick 8.experiment 9.cheat
10.view
二、1.explore 2.convenience 3.addicted 4.recommenG
dation 5.variety 6.sensible 7.creativity 8.obviously
9.selection 10.concern
Ⅲ.1.beaddictedto 2.avarietyof 3.moreorless 4.inG
steadof 5.盼望,期待 6.有能力做某事 7.绕着来
回转 8.看起来像
Ⅳ.1.knownasavatars 2.somuchtimeinvirtualworlds
that 3.whattheywanttolooklike 4.thathavesimilar
featuresto their personalities 5.had been used in
webchats
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.admitted 2.enables 3.tricks 4.experiments
5.sensible 6.cheat 7.hairstyle 8.type 9.impact
10.downloaded
Ⅱ.1.various 2.concerned 3.creativity 4.on 5.with/on
6.In 7.making 8.personality 9.instantly 10.Obviously
Ⅲ.1.insteadof 2.movedaround 3.havethepowerto
4.were/areaddictedto 5.avarietyof 6.looklike
7.moreorless 8.lookedfowardto
Ⅳ.1.thattheycreatebythemselves 2.somanypeopleat
theentrancetotheparkthatwecantgetin 3.themeeting
heldlastweek 4.Whatsheexplained 5.hadbeenheld
Ⅴ.1.wouldbe 2.wereleaving 3.wouldwin 4.would
visit 5.were 6.was 7.wastobecome 8.was 9.was
goingtolearn 10.wasgoingtorain
素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了全
球最大的国际贸易电子商务平台———eBay.
1.A [细节理解题.根据第一段最后一句可知,作者登录
eBay是为了卖掉家里没用的东西.]
2.C [推理判断题.根据第二段中的“Eveninthegreat
dotGcomcrashes...ontheInternet.”可知,eBay现在是互
联网上访问量最大的10个在线购物网站之一,故可推断
它变得越来越成功.]
59
3.B [词义猜测题.根据画线词后的“apieceofFrench
bread,partialyeatenbyJustin Timberlake,advertising
spaceonamanshead,andapairofusedfalseteeth”可
知,eBay上还会提供一些不寻常的东西,比如:贾斯汀吃
剩下的一片面包、头上的广告位和一对用过的假牙.选
项中意思最接近的是B项.]
4.A [推理判断题.根据最后一段中的“...Iamproudof
havingacleanandtidyhomeand 110incash.Someone
evenboughttheshoe.”可知,作者对eBay很满意.]
Ⅱ.[参考范文]
DearJim,
Itsgreattohearfromyou.Ifeelproudofknowing
yourinterestinconfuciancultureintheancientChinesehisG
tory.
AsforConfucius,heis myfavouritefigureinthe
ancientChinesehistory.HewasaChinesethinkerandsoG
cialphilosopher,wholivedinancientChinawherestates
wereoftenatwarwitheachother.HisteachingsandphiG
losophyhavedeeplyinfluencedmanyAsiancountries.He
stressedtheimportanceofkindness,dutyandorderinsociG
ety.WeChinesearegreatlyinfluencedbyhisteachings.In
fact,oneofhissentencesimpressedmealot.Hesaidwe
shouldtreatothersthewaywewanttobetreated.HeinG
spiresmetoalwaysbekindandpolitebecausethatsthe
wayIwouldliketobetreated.
Interestedinknowingmore?Icanevenfindyousome
books!Justletmeknow.
Yours,
LiHua
假期作业5
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.IamLiHuafromHongXingMiddleSchool.
2.Thisissomethingyoushouldkeepinmind.
3.TheyareforeignteachersfromAmerica.
4.Helooksveryhappytoday.
5.Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.
Ⅱ.一、1.goods 2.confirm 3.error 4.content 5.perG
cent 6.opinion 7.authority 8.author 9.privacy
10.policy
二、1.powerful powerless 2.concentration concentrated
3.rewarding 4.location located 5.imaginary imagiG
nation 6.amazing amazement 7.accessible 8.harm
9.limiting 10.creative
Ⅲ.1.beconcernedwith 2.inaddition 3.focuson
4.compareto... 5.onthebasisof... 6.bring...tolife
7.了解的动态 8.解决;算出;想出;理解 9.给某
人以恩惠;帮某人忙 10.非常详细地 11.对的回应
12.指出
Ⅳ.1.musthavebeenanerror 2.howtosetupanaccount
3.WhiletheInternetcanbringpeopleclosertogether
4.nomatterwhereyouareorwhatyouaredoing
5.Thatswhy
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.policy 2.profile 3.author 4.opinion 5.confirm
6.goods 7.errors 8.materials 9.percent 10.replace
Ⅱ.1.reality 2.powerful 3.argument 4.harmful
5.creative 6.rewarding 7.briefly 8.amazing 9.locaG
tion 10.accessible
Ⅲ.1.focuson becontentwith 2.calfor 3.Inaddition
4.isconcernedwith 5.keeptrackof 6.bring tolife
7.onthebasisof 8.pointedout 9.ingreatdetail
10.comparedto
Ⅳ.1.musthavebeenaverysmartboy 2.whattodoand
howtodothem 3.ItisProfessorSmiththat/who
4.WhileIadmit(that)thereareproblems 5.Nomatter
how/Howeverdifficultitis 6.Thatswhyweneedtosee
Ⅴ.1.passersGby 2.manGmade 3.newlyGborn 4.grownG
ups 5.warmGhearted 6.greenGhouses 7.getGtogether
8.colorGblind
素养提升———感与知
A.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了一个能
帮你实现善举的网站———KindSpring.
1.D [细节理解题.根据 HowcanIusethiswebsite? 部
分中的“Youcanshareaboutyourownactsofkindnessor
readhundredsofinspiringstoriesbyothers.”可 知,在
KindSpring网站上,人们可以和他人分享自己做的好事,
故选 D.]
2.D [细节理解题.根据 Doyouchargeforanyofyour
services? 部 分 第 二 段 中 的 “Kind Springisoperated
100%byvolunteerswholivealovertheworld.”可知,
KindSpring是由世界各地的志愿者运作的,故选 D.]
3.C [推理判断题.根据 Doyouchargeforanyofyour
services? 部分 第 二 段 中 的“Whatbringsustogetheris
simplyourdevotionto makingthe world a brighter
place—onekindactatatime.”可知,KindSpring网站上
的志愿者致力于采取善意的行动,让世界变得更美好,由
此可以推断出,KindSpring的目的是要用善举照亮世界,
故选C.]
4.B [推理判断题.通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了一个
能帮你实现善举的网站———KindSpring.所以文章是一
篇简介,故选B.]
69