衔接点17 高中题型之语法填空考向探究（初高考点差异及衔接）- 2025年初升高英语无忧衔接（上海专用）

衔接点17 高中题型之语法填空 （初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 上海中考，语法从命题形式看目前仍为单选题，考查初中阶段学过的重点语法项目, 含冠词、介词、代词、连词、形容词和副词的比较等级、动词时态语态等。 上海高考，语法填空题将语法知识的考查融汇于一篇英语短文中，通过设置纯空格题填空和给词填空两种形式来表现，突出考查了学生通过语境运用语法知识的能力。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 · 考查语法点: 定冠词,不定冠词, 代词的用法 · 考查语法点: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配 · 考查语法点: 并列连词及各类复合句中从属连词,引导词的用法 · 考查语法点: 助动词或情态动词 · 考查语法点: 形容词和副词 · 考查语法点：谓语动词（时态及语态, 及主谓一致） · 考查语法点: 非谓语动词（ to do, doing, done） 【示例】 1．________ elderly man in a blue T-shirt is also a volunteer in our neighborhood. A．A B．An C．The D．/ 2．In the museum, you can see some ancient statues that are the size ______ humans. A．about B．of C．with D．in 3．People are amazed to see the beautiful views on ________ side of the Hangzhou Bay Bridge. A．either B．both C．neither D．all 4．After ________ talk, they decided to go to Beijing on holiday. A．two hour B．two hours C．a two-hour D．two hour’s 5．As statistics show, more and more college students find it much ______ to get an ideal job after graduation. A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 上海高中英语语法高频考察点主要有：时态、语态、谓语与非谓语动词、倒装、连词、三大从句、特殊句式、词组及固定搭配等。本题型分两种情形：一种为已给单词提示；一种为不给单词提示。有提示词(4~5个)和无提示词(5~6 个)两种。有提示词的考向主要有:谓语动词的时态，语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、 形容词/副词的级别等;无提示词的考向主要有;介词、冠词、连接词、代词等; 且每空只能填一个单词。 考点清单 出题方式 词性考查 考点分布 特别注意 有提示词 形容词/ 副词 原 级 1、双音节单词比较级最高级的变形 2、修饰比较级最高级的词 3、less/least+adj/adv情况 4、双写+er的单词 比较级 最高级 动词 时态语态 1、各种时态的标志词以及特征 2、主动表被动情况 不定式 1、不定式作主宾表定状补 2、动名词作主宾表定 3、分词作表定状补 4、各种非谓语的时态语态 动名词 分 词 无提示词 冠词 定冠词/不定冠词 判断语境是特指还是非特指 介词 搭配及其他 熟练掌握固定搭配以及本身用法 代词 人称物主代词 1、复合句的从句除去关系代词仍缺成分 2、反身代词不能作主语，可作宾语、表语、同位语 3、代词作定语 不定代词 反身单词 动词 情态动词 观察语境中暗含的情感和态度 助动词/系动词 倒装情况 从属连词 定语从句 1、熟练判断各种复合句结构，掌握连接词的特定用法 2、how+adj/adv情况，what+n情况，how many/much/ long....情况 3、表语从句连接词as if，because 名词性从句 状语从句 强调句 并列连词 并列句 判断上下句之间的逻辑关系 考点一、语法填空之有提示词 要点1：动词时态语态 若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；此时前看看,后看看确定时态和语态。 现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时 一般 ask/asks asked shall/will ask should/would ask 进行 am/is/are asking was/were asking shall/will be asking should/would be asking 完成 have/has asked had asked shall/will have asked should/would have asked 完成 进行 have/has been asking had been asking shall/will have been asking should/would have been asking 　　形式 时间　　 一般式 进行式 完成式 现在 am/ is/ are done am/ is/are being done have/has been done 过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be done shall/will have　been done 【练习】 1．So far, our country (make) great achievements in many fields. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．For example, I (order) a digital camera online the other day and saved about $50. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．Family-friendly facilities (develop) in the following years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．It was said that the flight to New York (cancel) due to the foggy weather. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．More expressways (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．He went home in a hurry,never once looking back to see if he (follow). （所给词的适当形式填空） 要点2：非谓语动词 若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用不定式、动名词还是分词。 不定式to do表将来，常考作宾语、目的状语； 动名词doing 表习惯性动作，常考作主语、宾语； 现在分词doing 表主动、进行，常考作表语、定语、状语； 过去分词done表被动、完成，常考作表语、定语、状语。 · 不定式用法 一般式 to do /被动 to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 完成进行式 to have been doing · 动名词用法 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 writing 完成式 having written · 分词用法 现在分词主动语态 现在分词被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 【练习】 1．The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, Turkey, has a long history (date) back to 1455. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．They hurried to the water, only (find) a baby seal there. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．They all appreciated (give) the opportunity to go abroad for further study. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．Dad’s aim is (raise) me to become a person with a kind heart. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5． (use) your brains, you will find a way to solve the problem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6． (face) with difficulties, we must try to overcome them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 要点3：考查其原级比较级最高级。括号中给出形容词或副词，注意比较级有+er的，加more的，还有加less的，加the least的。 【练习】 1．Machine learning is now capable of far, far (complex) tasks. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．Frankly speaking, Mr White’s lecture is (wonderful) one I have ever attended. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．The contest requires the chosen laughers to face off against each other as the audience determines who has (attractive) laugh. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．The whole family could not be (happy) to be together. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．The more exposed young people are to financial issues, the (likely) they are to become responsible. 考点二、语法填空之无提示词 1）冠词 表示泛指的“一(个,本,座……)”时用不定冠词a/an，表示特指时用the。 【练习】 1．When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was shy , nervous perfectionist. 2．There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 3．The Tang Dynasty produced host of great poets, such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi. 4．Thomas Edison was at forefront of the search for alternative ways to power vehicles. 5． expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help with the work the other day. 2）介词 句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。 常用介词：in, on, at, to, from, of, off, under, above, below, over, across, through, beyond, behind, beside, between, among, near, up, down, along, around, before, after, since, for, against, besides, except, by, with, without, about, as, like, during, into, throughout, until, within, toward, past, despite, regardless of, in spite of, because of, due to, owing to, thanks to, except for, apart from, other than, such as, according to, instead of, rather than, as well as, in addition to, … 【练习】 1．He won the badminton match the fact that he was playing with the wrong hand. 2．Live, high-detail satellite mapping could probably be used to keep tags on anybody at any time, the person’s knowledge. 3．It started with things assessing credit risk from loan applications, sorting the mail by reading handwritten characters from zip codes. 4．76 participants different countries walked shoulder to shoulder through the performance zone in a program that greeted all the people around the world. 5．Everybody was touched words after they heard her moving story. ( 6．Just as he finished the first few bars, one of the strings on his violin broke. We thought that he would have to stop the concert. everyone’s expectation, he waited a moment, closed his eyes and then signaled the conductor to begin again. 7．Teenagers have been warned using the extreme methods to lose weight. 3）代词 当句子缺主语、宾语或定语时，填代词。前后看,是指人、事物；指男、指女,单数、复数；还是填形式主语或形式宾语的it。(注意定语从句可省略作宾语的关系代词,宾语从句可省略that情况，反身代词不能做主语，可做宾语和同位语情况等) 主要考察：人称代词we, you, her, it, they等；物主代词my, their, yours, hers等；反身代词himself, themselves等；指示代词this, these, that, those;不定代词 everything, something, anything, nothing, everyone, someone, everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody, both, either, neither, all, none, each, others, the other, another, the others, one, the one(s). 【练习】 1． People shared their food, ice, and gasoline. People who still had power opened their homes to who had none. 2． “ made me feel that there were many things worth sharing in my life, and it also gave me a sense of mission,” she explains. 3． But Johan Stenevad, my host at Lapland Guesthouse, showed me else. One day, on a snowmobile path lined with tall trees on both sides, he turned off his engine and asked me what I saw. “Trees,” I answered. “A forest.” 4． The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but didn’t help. 5．Equipped with modern facilities, today’s libraries differ greatly from of the past. 4）情态动词和助动词 若结构较完整，空格在主语和谓语动词之间且动词是原形，一般是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。 【练习】 1．Handshaking have started as an ancient custom to demonstrate to a stranger that you had no weapon in your hand. 2．But grocery store bread stay fresh during long shipping and storage times. So companies often put a chemical preservative in it. 3．Whisper Camel-Means, the tribes division manager for the wildlife refuge, said under the Fish and Wildlife Service supervision, the exhibits there previously used a different tribes’ word for bison, which they not accept. 4．How we respond to them, however, is up to us. We react to them like evils of selfishness or like heroes of love. 5．For all the attention I was getting I   as well not have been there. I felt a stranger. 5）三大从句引导词及其它从属连词 三大从句是指名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从近几年高考语法填空题来看，几种从句都有涉及，尤以主语从句和同位语从句居多。形容词性从句就是定语从句，它包括限制性和非限制性定语从句两种。状语从句总计有九种。主要考查时间状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句。 强调句：It is...that... 定语从句: 关代：that, which, who, whom, whose, as; 关副：when, where, why 名词性从句: 从属连词：that, if/whether, because, as if; 关代：what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever; 关副：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 状语从句: 时间when, while, as, before, after, every/each time, as soon as, the moment/minute, hardly…when, no sooner…than, since, once, until； 地点where, wherever； 原因because, as, since, now that； 目的in order that, so that, in case, for fear that； 结果so that, so/such…that； 比较than, as…as, the more…the more…； 让步although, though, even if/though, while, as, no matter what/ who/when…, whatever…., whether…or； 方式as, as if/though； 条件if, unless, as long as… 【练习】 1．A loaf of homemade bread has simple ingredients such as flour, water, salt and sugar. you make it yourself, you have control over your ingredients. 2．Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, they hunt them for food. 3．Located   the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. 4．Involving the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all   the vacation can work for everyone. 5．He had his camera ready    he saw something that would make a good picture. 6）并列连词 若两个或三个单词、短语或句子之间设空，可能是填并列连词。 并列连词：and, but, or, so, for, yet, then, however, therefore, while, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but 【练习】 1．Drug abuse has serious effects on individuals physically and mentally, the economic losses caused by drug abuse are great. 2．Not only are more people taking to running, they are using wearable devices and using software on their cellphones to record the distance they cover and the amount of calories they burn. 3．Charles Cheadle of Cesar Chavez School says, “Boys are not so afraid that they might do something that will harm the computer,   girls are afraid they might break it somehow.” 4．As a result of showing up, Jason took opportunities got him closer to his goal. He sent work to a student show and was accepted by Robin Rule, the owner of Rule Gallery. 5．I had never seen what a sandstorm looked like I told him I wanted to go out just to see it for myself. 1．It is very important for students to concentrate schoolwork. (用适当的词填空) 2．“Watch out!” Leigh seized me by arm and dragged me out of the way of the rushing car.（用适当的词填空） 3．Battle of Chosin Reservoir made deep impression on me. (用适当的词填空) 4．I am writing to apply the job as a lawyer in your company. (用适当的词填空) 5．In brief, I am scared letting off fireworks. (用适当的词填空) 6．The picture quality as well as the special effects （be ）far better. (所给词的适当形式填空） 7．Every year our school (award) scholarships to the excellent students. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．They promised that they (send) me the report as soon as possible. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．It is the second time that we (observe) this festival together. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．Last month, the shop assistant (charge) with cheating customers many times. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．It doesn’t matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (用适当的词填空) 12．He became the third student (win) the national prize in our school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．He got seriously (injure) and had to quit the football match. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．The little boy visited the science museum with great excitement, (accompany) by his parents. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．Dogs have a wider hearing range than humans, (enable) them to notice sounds that humans cannot hear. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16． makes it striking is the expression of fear. (用适当的词填空) 18．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. (用适当的词填空) 19．You should know you’re going before you plan the best way of getting there. 20．Did you know the man is standing at the school gate? (用适当的词填空) 11． (equip) with strong communication skills is essential for a successful career in sales. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．My colleague admitted (complain) a great deal about income. (所给词的适当形式填空) 一、语法填空 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. Make a difference to the environment It is often hard to determine whether the food we eat is eco-friendly or not. However, it is clear that some types of food have a 1 (big) environmental impact than others. What can we do in our everyday lives to make 2 difference? Firstly, we should avoid food that has travelled a long way. Food transport is a big source of CO₂, 3 causes global warming. In other words, it is best to eat food that 4 (produce) by the local people. Secondly, 5 the fast food is very convenient, we should eat less fast food for the environment. Recently, fast food has become very popular, but 6 is unfortunately very bad for the environment. Most takeaway containers will probably end up in the rubbish dump. However, we can encourage restaurants 7 (use) recycled materials to pack their meals. Thirdly, we should avoid those types of food 8 (cause) huge environmental stress. For example, now rain forests around the world are being burned down to make room for cattle farms. To protect the rainforest, we 9 eat less beef and avoid food that contains palm oil. Pollution and climate change are global problems, so we all need to work together. The good news is that every little bit counts. By using our resources 10 a more efficient way, we can save a lot of money at the same time as we save the environment. 二、语法填空 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. Eating Habits of the French As a French living abroad, I'm often asked about the eating habits of the French. In this article, I've set out to explain them in detail while sharing my experience and culture. This 1 give you some simple ideas on how to eat better and live healthier. One of the most important habits in France is 2 we call “conscious eating”. We know how important it is to savor every mouthful, without distractions like TV or phones. Even when I'm busy with some important work, I make sure to sit down quietly to eat, 3 heat up a frozen pie. That way, I can really taste and appreciate what I'm eating and connect 4 my work. This habit makes meals more enjoyable and also helps me to avoid overeating, as I'm more aware of how much I'm consuming. In France, we have well-defined mealtimes, and it's a habit I 5 (follow) , always. Breakfast is between7 and 8 a. m. , lunch is between 12 and 1 p. m. , and dinner is between 7 and 8: 30 p. m. These times can be quite strict. 1f you're on vacation in France, it'll be hard for you to find a place to eat at 3 or 6 p. m. What's more, we rarely skip meals, and each one is important. Breakfast is often light but essential, with coffee, bread and fruit. Lunch is the main meal of the day, 6 (fill) with lighter food. This precise rhythm helps avoid snacking and overeating in general. Portion control is also important. While traveling and living abroad, I've noticed that portions are often much larger elsewhere. It's true that at home, dishes are smaller, but we often add a starter, such as raw vegetables, 7 (balance) the meal. In France, eating is a social activity. Sharing a meal with someone else makes the moment more enjoyable and encourages slower eating. For us, mealtime isn't just about eating; it's a special time of the day. We spend time together, talk about the day and reconnect. This tradition of eating with family and friends also makes meals 8 (relaxing) . 9 (look) back on my childhood and the eating habits I've kept, I realize that there's a lot to learn from the way the French approach food. In short, if you practice conscious eating, stick to regular mealtimes, control your portions, and enjoy meals in the company of 10 , you too can develop a healthier relationship with food. 三、语法填空 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. Is Butter Bad For You? Butter is having a moment. In 2024 American consumption per person hit its highest in almost 60 years. But a new scientific study reports that butter-eating 1 (associate) with an early death. So is butter really bad for you? Reaching an answer involves understanding that not all fats are alike. At a chemical level, fats can be thought of 2 chains of carbon atoms; some are saturated, meaning every carbon atom clings to two hydrogen atoms, and others are unsaturated (不饱和的), meaning some carbon atoms bond to only one of hydrogen. Those structural differences can dramatically affect 3 those fats interact with the body. Saturated fats, for example, raise levels of cholesterol, a fatty molecule that gathers in arteries and can contribute to cardiovascular disease. They do this, in part, by partially disabling receptors in the liver which cause excess cholesterol 4 (extract) from the bloodstream and dumped into bile. Unsaturated fats, by contrast, actively reduce the levels of cholesterol by activating these same liver receptors. Most of the fat in butter is of the saturated variety. It, therefore, stands to reason that butter should have a negative effect on heart health. Indeed, randomised-controlled studies offer good evidence 5 replacing butter with plant-based oil can reduce cholesterol. There is more bad news for butter-lovers. The new study, published on March 6th, rely on data from three long-run trials of American medical professionals. For almost 33 years 220,000nurses and doctors 6 (survey) regularly about their lifestyle, diet and health. The authors found that those people who ate the most butter(averaging around one tablespoon per day) were 15% 7 (likely) to have died during the course of the study than those who avoided the stuff. By contrast, people who consumed the most plant-based oils, such as canola, soybean or olive oil — all 8 have low levels of saturated fat — were 16% less likely to die than those who consumed the least. 9 the study could not show that butter increased the risk of dying from cardiovascular diseases, consuming more plant-based oils did lower that particular risk. The authors found that 10 (replace) ten grams of butter daily with the same amount of plant-based oil appeared to reduce the cancer mortality risk by 17%. 四、语法填空 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. In the era of globalization, the world has become a closely-knit community. Multinational companies are constantly expanding 1 reach. Take Starbucks as an example. It has managed to integrate into different cultures 2 maintaining its brand identity. Starbucks entered China in 1999. At first, it 3 (face) challenges as Chinese people had a long-standing tea-drinking culture. However, instead of 4 (force) its Western coffee-drinking model, the company adapted to local preferences. It introduced new beverage options like green tea-based drinks, 5 catered to the Chinese tastes. This localization strategy not only satisfied local tastes but also helped the brand gain a 6 (deep) understanding of the local market. Moreover, Starbucks has been actively involved in community-building initiatives. It has opened stores in areas that are undergoing urban renewal. These stores serve as gathering places, where people from different backgrounds can communicate, thus promoting cross-cultural exchange. Additionally, the company has been committed to sustainable sourcing of coffee beans. By working directly with coffee farmers in various countries, Starbucks ensures the quality of its products and at the same time supports the livelihoods of small-scale farmers. This global-local approach has made Starbucks a successful example in the process of globalization. It shows 7 in the global market, companies need to be flexible and responsible to succeed. The success of Starbucks also has an impact on the local coffee-related industries. Local coffee shops have been inspired by its business model and service standards. Some local entrepreneurs have started their own coffee ventures and tried to combine local flavors with modern coffee-making techniques. This has led 8 a growth in the domestic coffee market, creating more job opportunities and contributing to the overall economic development. 9 globalization brings many benefits in the field, it also poses challenges. For example, local coffee shops may face fierce competition from international chains like Starbucks. They need to find their unique selling points and continuously innovate 10 (survive) in the market. One of the keys to their success actually lies in how they can better understand and meet the local customers’ needs. 五、语法填空 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. The importance of Accessibility Awareness At a recent meeting, people with disabilities talked about their lives. I was amazed to hear about the challenges 1 (face) by people with physical disabilities. However, 2 amazed me most was the great importance of education about handicap (残障) facilities. Two women who 3 (use) wheelchairs all their life are two important members of the National Group for Disabled Persons, devoted to 4 (raise) awareness about disabilities. They educate about all the facilities for people with disabilities. One big concern is that the public take advantage of aids, such as handicap parking spaces. So people 5 disabilities need to be educated about these facilities. And the meeting focused on educating the public. Some handicap spots have extra room next to them, marked with the “No Parking” signs. Some people think 6 they’re not in the spot, they can take the no-parking area next to it. However, the women 7 use wheelchairs disagree to this. The space exists to someone in a wheelchair to have room to get in or out of their car. If there is a car in that space, the handicap parking spot is no longer useful. Some walkways have handrails next to them to help those who require extra help. 8 it is a blind person seeking help or an elderly person seeking support, the rail is there for walking. Sometimes the rail is blocked by a parked bicycle for example, due to lack of education. People who 9 (inform) of the rail’s use will be less likely to mistake it for a bike rack (停放架). If more people are educated about the proper uses of facilities, there will be 10 (few) challenges for people with physical disabilities. 5 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衔接点17 高中题型之语法填空 （初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 上海中考，语法从命题形式看目前仍为单选题，考查初中阶段学过的重点语法项目, 含冠词、介词、代词、连词、形容词和副词的比较等级、动词时态语态等。 上海高考，语法填空题将语法知识的考查融汇于一篇英语短文中，通过设置纯空格题填空和给词填空两种形式来表现，突出考查了学生通过语境运用语法知识的能力。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 · 考查语法点: 定冠词,不定冠词, 代词的用法 · 考查语法点: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配 · 考查语法点: 并列连词及各类复合句中从属连词,引导词的用法 · 考查语法点: 助动词或情态动词 · 考查语法点: 形容词和副词 · 考查语法点：谓语动词（时态及语态, 及主谓一致） · 考查语法点: 非谓语动词（ to do, doing, done） 【示例】 1．________ elderly man in a blue T-shirt is also a volunteer in our neighborhood. A．A B．An C．The D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：穿着一件蓝色T恤衫的老人也是一位社区志愿者。 考查冠词。A一个，用于辅音音素开头的字母前，表示泛指；An一个，用于元音音素开头的字母前，表示泛指；The定冠词，表示特指。根据“...elderly man in a blue T-shirt”可知，此处特指穿蓝色T恤衫的老人，用定冠词the修饰表特指。故选C。 2．In the museum, you can see some ancient statues that are the size ______ humans. A．about B．of C．with D．in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在博物馆里，你可以看到一些人类那么大小的古代雕像。 考查介词辨析。about关于；of……的；with和；in在……里。根据“some ancient statues that are the size...humans.”可知，指的是人类的大小一样的雕像，the size与human之间是所属关系，所以用of，故选B。 3．People are amazed to see the beautiful views on ________ side of the Hangzhou Bay Bridge. A．either B．both C．neither D．all 【答案】A 【详解】句意：杭州湾大桥两侧的美景让人叹为观止。 考查代词用法。either两者中任何一个；both两者都；neither两者都不；all三者及以上都。根据“the Hangzhou Bay Bridge”及常识可知，桥有两边，排除D；根据句意及空后的单数名词“side”可知，应是：杭州湾大桥两侧的美景让人叹为观止，且是桥两边中的任意一边，故选A。 4．After ________ talk, they decided to go to Beijing on holiday. A．two hour B．two hours C．a two-hour D．two hour’s 【答案】C 【详解】句意：经过两个小时的谈话，他们决定去北京度假。 考查形容词作定语。two hour错误表达；two hours两小时；a two-hour一场两小时的；two hour’s错误表达。此处修饰名词talk“谈话”，可数名词，应该用two-hour“两小时的”作定语，表示“一场两小时的谈话”。故选C。 5．As statistics show, more and more college students find it much ______ to get an ideal job after graduation. A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 上海高中英语语法高频考察点主要有：时态、语态、谓语与非谓语动词、倒装、连词、三大从句、特殊句式、词组及固定搭配等。本题型分两种情形：一种为已给单词提示；一种为不给单词提示。有提示词(4~5个)和无提示词(5~6 个)两种。有提示词的考向主要有:谓语动词的时态，语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、 形容词/副词的级别等;无提示词的考向主要有;介词、冠词、连接词、代词等; 且每空只能填一个单词。 考点清单 出题方式 词性考查 考点分布 特别注意 有提示词 形容词/ 副词 原 级 1、双音节单词比较级最高级的变形 2、修饰比较级最高级的词 3、less/least+adj/adv情况 4、双写+er的单词 比较级 最高级 动词 时态语态 1、各种时态的标志词以及特征 2、主动表被动情况 不定式 1、不定式作主宾表定状补 2、动名词作主宾表定 3、分词作表定状补 4、各种非谓语的时态语态 动名词 分 词 无提示词 冠词 定冠词/不定冠词 判断语境是特指还是非特指 介词 搭配及其他 熟练掌握固定搭配以及本身用法 代词 人称物主代词 1、复合句的从句除去关系代词仍缺成分 2、反身代词不能作主语，可作宾语、表语、同位语 3、代词作定语 不定代词 反身单词 动词 情态动词 观察语境中暗含的情感和态度 助动词/系动词 倒装情况 从属连词 定语从句 1、熟练判断各种复合句结构，掌握连接词的特定用法 2、how+adj/adv情况，what+n情况，how many/much/ long....情况 3、表语从句连接词as if，because 名词性从句 状语从句 强调句 并列连词 并列句 判断上下句之间的逻辑关系 考点一、语法填空之有提示词 要点1：动词时态语态 若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；此时前看看,后看看确定时态和语态。 现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时 一般 ask/asks asked shall/will ask should/would ask 进行 am/is/are asking was/were asking shall/will be asking should/would be asking 完成 have/has asked had asked shall/will have asked should/would have asked 完成 进行 have/has been asking had been asking shall/will have been asking should/would have been asking 　　形式 时间　　 一般式 进行式 完成式 现在 am/ is/ are done am/ is/are being done have/has been done 过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be done shall/will have　been done 【练习】 1．So far, our country (make) great achievements in many fields. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has made 【详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，我国在许多领域都取得了巨大的成就。根据时间状语so far，此处应用现在完成时态，主语为our country，为第三人称单数，助动词应用has。故填：has made。 2．For example, I (order) a digital camera online the other day and saved about $50. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ordered 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：例如，前几天我在网上订购了一台数码相机，节省了大约50美元。分析句子可知，order是谓语动词，由the other day可知，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填ordered。 3．Family-friendly facilities (develop) in the following years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be developed 【详解】考查一般将来时和被动语态。句意：在接下来几年，适合家用的设施将会被研发。根据句意可知这里缺少谓语动词，时间状语“in the following years”说明是一般将来时，主语“facilities”和谓语动词“develop”之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故填will be developed。 4．It was said that the flight to New York (cancel) due to the foggy weather. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had been canceled/ had been cancelled 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：据说飞往纽约的航班因大雾天气而取消了。空处应填从句谓语动词的形式，从句动作发生在主句动作之前且flight与cancel之间为被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been canceled/cancelled。 5．More expressways (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be built 【详解】考查动词。句意：四川不久将修建更多的高速公路，以促进当地经济。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中soon意为“不久”，表示将来发生的动作，故使用一般将来时。同时more expressways与build之间是被动关系，故使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be built。 6．He went home in a hurry,never once looking back to see if he (follow). （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】was being followed 【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：他匆匆回家，一次也没有回头看看是否正被跟踪。此处主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且表示过去某个时刻动作正在进行，应使用过去进行时的被动语态，主语为he，谓语动词用单数。故填was being followed。 要点2：非谓语动词 若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用不定式、动名词还是分词。 不定式to do表将来，常考作宾语、目的状语； 动名词doing 表习惯性动作，常考作主语、宾语； 现在分词doing 表主动、进行，常考作表语、定语、状语； 过去分词done表被动、完成，常考作表语、定语、状语。 · 不定式用法 一般式 to do /被动 to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done /被动 to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing · 动名词用法 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written · 分词用法 现在分词主动语态 现在分词被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 【练习】 1．The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, Turkey, has a long history (date) back to 1455. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：土耳其伊斯坦布尔的大巴扎有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到1455年。date back to表示“追溯到”，本句谓语为has，此处为非谓语动词，且history与date back to为主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填dating。 2．They hurried to the water, only (find) a baby seal there. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to find 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他们匆忙赶到水边，却发现那里有一只小海豹。句子已有谓语动词hurried，本空需要用非谓语动词。only to do结构是不定式作结果状语，用来表示一种意料之外的结果，本空用find“发现”的不定式。故填to find。 3．They all appreciated (give) the opportunity to go abroad for further study. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being given 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们都很感激有机会出国深造。appreciate doing sth.“感激做某事”，动名词作宾语。此处表示“他们感激被给了机会”，所以需要动名词的被动形式，即being done的结构。故填being given。 4．Dad’s aim is (raise) me to become a person with a kind heart. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to raise 【详解】考查不定式。句意：爸爸的目标是把我培养成一个有爱心的人。说明主语的内容，用动词不定式。故填to raise。 5． (use) your brains, you will find a way to solve the problem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Using 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：动动脑子，你会找到解决问题的方法。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，use“使用”和you逻辑上是主动关系，因此用use的现在分词形式，作条件状语，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Using。 6． (face) with difficulties, we must try to overcome them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Faced 【详解】考查分词作状语。句意：面临困难，我们必须设法克服它们。空处作状语，动词“face”和主语“we”构成被动关系，用过去分词faced。句首单词首字母大写，故填Faced。 要点3：考查其原级比较级最高级。括号中给出形容词或副词，注意比较级有+er的，加more的，还有加less的，加the least的。 【练习】 1．Machine learning is now capable of far, far (complex) tasks. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】more complex 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：机器学习现在能够完成极其复杂的任务。根据“tasks”可知需要用形容词来修饰名词，根据上文的far以及句意可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填more complex。 2．Frankly speaking, Mr White’s lecture is (wonderful) one I have ever attended. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】the most wonderful 【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：坦率地说，怀特先生的讲座是我所听过的最精彩的讲座。根据所给句子中“I have ever attended”可知，此句表示“我听过的最精彩的讲座”即一定范围内的最高级形式。“wonderful”是多音词形容词，因此最高级形式需在前加“the most”，即“the most wonderful”，故填the most wonderful。 3．The contest requires the chosen laughers to face off against each other as the audience determines who has (attractive) laugh. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】the most attractive 【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：比赛要求被选中的笑者面对面，观众决定谁笑得最吸引人。分析句子含义可知，本句表示“在此比赛中谁的笑容最迷人”，所以需要形容词最高级形式。故填the most attractive。 4．The whole family could not be (happy) to be together. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】happier 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意: 全家人聚在一起是再幸福不过的事了。句中使用固定搭配“否定词not + 形容词比较级”表示最高级的含义，因此填比较级形式happier。故填happier。 5．The more exposed young people are to financial issues, the (likely) they are to become responsible. 【答案】more likely 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：年轻人越多地面临经济问题，就越可能变得负责任。此处考查固定句型，the + 比较级…，the + 比较级…“越……越……”，故填more likely。 考点二、语法填空之无提示词 1）冠词 表示泛指的“一(个,本,座……)”时用不定冠词a/an，表示特指时用the。 【练习】 1．When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was shy , nervous perfectionist. 2．There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 3．The Tang Dynasty produced host of great poets, such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi. 4．Thomas Edison was at forefront of the search for alternative ways to power vehicles. 5． expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help with the work the other day. 参考答案： 1．a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：当我看到一个孩子受到这种压力时，我就想到了唐尼。他是个害羞、紧张的完美主义者。设空处修饰名词，表泛指，应用不定冠词，设空后单词shy以辅音音素开头，故填a。 2．the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：从前有一只山羊和一头驴……农夫就把山羊杀了，用它的心脏做的药给驴吃。分析句子可知，设空处位于名词goat前，根据后面and gave the donkey及句意可知，此处特指那只山羊，应用定冠词the。故填the。 3．a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：唐朝产生了许多伟大的诗人，如李白、杜甫和白居易。a host of“许多，很多”，固定短语，故填a。 4．the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：Thomas Edison站在寻找替代汽车动力方式的最前沿。at the forefront“在最前沿”是固定搭配，故填the。 5．An 【详解】考查冠词。句意：前几天，一位专家和一些助手被派去帮忙做这项工作。expert是可数名词，此处泛指“一位专家”，用不定冠词限定，expert以元音音素开头，应用an，位于句首，首字母大写。故填An。 2）介词 句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。 常用介词：in, on, at, to, from, of, off, under, above, below, over, across, through, beyond, behind, beside, between, among, near, up, down, along, around, before, after, since, for, against, besides, except, by, with, without, about, as, like, during, into, throughout, until, within, toward, past, despite, regardless of, in spite of, because of, due to, owing to, thanks to, except for, apart from, other than, such as, according to, instead of, rather than, as well as, in addition to, … 【练习】 1．He won the badminton match the fact that he was playing with the wrong hand. 2．Live, high-detail satellite mapping could probably be used to keep tags on anybody at any time, the person’s knowledge. 3．It started with things assessing credit risk from loan applications, sorting the mail by reading handwritten characters from zip codes. 4．76 participants different countries walked shoulder to shoulder through the performance zone in a program that greeted all the people around the world. 5．Everybody was touched words after they heard her moving story. ( 6．Just as he finished the first few bars, one of the strings on his violin broke. We thought that he would have to stop the concert. everyone’s expectation, he waited a moment, closed his eyes and then signaled the conductor to begin again. 7．Teenagers have been warned using the extreme methods to lose weight. 【答案】 1．despite 【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管他用错了手，但他还是赢得了羽毛球赛。根据句意可知，此处意为“尽管......”，且空后为名词the fact，故应用介词despite“尽管”，故填despite。 2．without 【详解】考查介词。句意：实时的、高细节的卫星地图可能会被用来在任何人不知情的情况下，随时对任何人保持标记。根据句意可知，句中指“在人们不知情的情况下”，随时对任何人保持标记，故空格处应用介词“without”，意为“没有”，“without one’s knowledge”表示“在某人不知情的情况下”。故填without。 3．like 【详解】考查介词。句意：它开始于评估贷款申请的信用风险，通过阅读邮政编码中的手写字符来分类邮件。“assessing credit risk from loan applications, sorting the mail by reading handwritten characters from zip codes”是对前面things举的例子，空格处意为“像，比如”，需填介词like。故填like。 4．from 【详解】考查介词。句意：来自不同国家的76名选手肩并肩走过表演区，向全世界人民致意。分析句子结构，主语为“76 participants ____ different countries”，其中，“76 participants”与“different countries”之间的逻辑关系是：76名选手来自于不同国家。介词from表示“来自于”。故填from。 5．beyond 【详解】考查介词。句意:在他们听说她的感人的故事之后，每个人都被感动得难以言表。空格处在句中充当程度状语，beyond words为固定短语，意为“难以言表”。故填beyond。 6．Beyond 【详解】考查介词。句意：当他刚演奏完前几个小节时，小提琴上的一根弦断了。我们认为他将不得不停止音乐会。出乎所有人意料的是，他等了一会儿，闭上眼睛，然后示意指挥重新开始。beyond one’s expectation出乎某人的意料。根据句意，故填Beyond。 7．against 【详解】考查介词。句意：青少年被警告不要使用极端的减肥方法。分析句子可知，这里考查warn against表“警告”，为固定搭配。故填against。 3）代词 当句子缺主语、宾语或定语时，填代词。前后看,是指人、事物；指男、指女,单数、复数；还是填形式主语或形式宾语的it。(注意定语从句可省略作宾语的关系代词,宾语从句可省略that情况，反身代词不能做主语，可做宾语和同位语情况等) 主要考察：人称代词we, you, her, it, they等；物主代词my, their, yours, hers等；反身代词himself, themselves等；指示代词this, these, that, those;不定代词 everything, something, anything, nothing, everyone, someone, everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody, both, either, neither, all, none, each, others, the other, another, the others, one, the one(s). 【练习】 1． People shared their food, ice, and gasoline. People who still had power opened their homes to who had none. 2． “ made me feel that there were many things worth sharing in my life, and it also gave me a sense of mission,” she explains. 3． But Johan Stenevad, my host at Lapland Guesthouse, showed me else. One day, on a snowmobile path lined with tall trees on both sides, he turned off his engine and asked me what I saw. “Trees,” I answered. “A forest.” 4． The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but didn’t help. 5．Equipped with modern facilities, today’s libraries differ greatly from of the past. 参考答案： 1．those 【详解】考查代词。句意：那些还有电的人会向那些没有电的人敞开家门。根据下文的“who had none”可知，指的是没有电的那些人，用代词those。故填those。 2．It/This 【详解】考查代词。句意：她解释说：“这让我觉得在我的生命中有很多值得分享的东西，也让我有了使命感。”根据句意以及and连接的it可知，此处为代指上文一件事，用代词it或者this。出现在句首，注意首字母大写。故填It/This。 3．something 【详解】考查代词。句意：但我在拉普兰宾馆的主人Johan Stenevad向我展示了其他东西。一天，在一个路两旁大树成排的摩托雪橇路上，他突然关掉引擎，问我看到了什么。“树，”我回答道。“一片森林”。结合句意表示“其他东西”短语为something else。故填something。 4．it 【详解】考查代词。句意：医生强烈建议薇拉去度假，但没有用。此处指上文去度假这件事没有用，应用代词it。故填it。 5．those 【详解】考查代词。句意：因为装备了现代化的设施，现在的图书馆已经和过去的图书馆完全不同了。结合句意，空处需要填一个代词指代上文提到的libraries，为复数名词；空后有of the past可知，为特指。代指特指复数名词用代词those。故填those。 4）情态动词和助动词 若结构较完整，空格在主语和谓语动词之间且动词是原形，一般是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。 【练习】 1．Handshaking have started as an ancient custom to demonstrate to a stranger that you had no weapon in your hand. 2．But grocery store bread stay fresh during long shipping and storage times. So companies often put a chemical preservative in it. 3．Whisper Camel-Means, the tribes division manager for the wildlife refuge, said under the Fish and Wildlife Service supervision, the exhibits there previously used a different tribes’ word for bison, which they not accept. 4．How we respond to them, however, is up to us. We react to them like evils of selfishness or like heroes of love. 5．For all the attention I was getting I   as well not have been there. I felt a stranger. 参考答案： 1．may/might 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：握手最初可能是一种古老的习俗，用来向陌生人展示你手中没有武器。分析句子结构可知，本句中主语为动名词Handshaking，为单数，而谓语动词是have started，且have是用的原形；结合句意，此处表达一种猜测，所以应该用情态动词may/might have done表示“有可能”。故填may或might。 2．must 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：但是食品杂货店的面包必须在漫长的运输和贮存期间保持新鲜度。分析句子结构可知，bread是句子的主语且是单数形式，而空格后动词stay用了动词原形。换言之，空格要填上一个词使得stay保持形式不变，考虑情态动词。再分析句意，长时间的运输和贮存肯定会使面包失去新鲜度，因此就得想办法让它保持新鲜。must语气最强烈。故填must。 3．would/could 【详解】考查情态动词和时态。句意：野生动物保护区的部落部门经理Whisper Camel-Means说，在鱼类和野生动物管理局的监督下，那里的展品之前使用了不同部落对野牛的说法，他们不会接受这一点。空后是动词原形，空格处用情态动词，此处表示“他们不会接受这一点”，空格处表示“不会”或“不能”，由said可知，时态是一般过去时，空格处情态动词用过去式would/could，故填would/could。 4．can 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们可以像自私的恶魔或有爱的英雄那样对待他们。根据上文的“How we respond to them, however, is up to us.”可知，这里指的是我们可以采取的方式，表示“可以、能够”用情态动词can。故填can。 5．might 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：尽管我受到了如此多的关注，我还是不去那里为好。我觉得自己是个陌生人。might as well意思是：还是……的好,不妨；不如；何妨(含轻微劝告的意思)。故填might。 5）三大从句引导词及其它从属连词 三大从句是指名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从近几年高考语法填空题来看，几种从句都有涉及，尤以主语从句和同位语从句居多。形容词性从句就是定语从句，它包括限制性和非限制性定语从句两种。状语从句总计有九种。主要考查时间状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句。 强调句：It is...that... 定语从句: 关代：that, which, who, whom, whose, as; 关副：when, where, why 名词性从句: 从属连词：that, if/whether, because, as if; 关代：what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever; 关副：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 状语从句: 时间when, while, as, before, after, every/each time, as soon as, the moment/minute, hardly…when, no sooner…than, since, once, until； 地点where, wherever； 原因because, as, since, now that； 目的in order that, so that, in case, for fear that； 结果so that, so/such…that； 比较than, as…as, the more…the more…； 让步although, though, even if/though, while, as, no matter what/ who/when…, whatever…., whether…or； 方式as, as if/though； 条件if, unless, as long as… 【练习】 1．A loaf of homemade bread has simple ingredients such as flour, water, salt and sugar. you make it yourself, you have control over your ingredients. 2．Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, they hunt them for food. 3．Located   the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. 4．Involving the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all   the vacation can work for everyone. 5．He had his camera ready    he saw something that would make a good picture. 参考答案： 1．Since/As/Because 【详解】考查连词。句意：一条自制面包的配料很简单，如面粉、水、盐和糖。既然你自己做这个面包，你可以控制配料的使用。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为主句，逗号前为连词引导的从句。由句意可知，从句表示原因，主句表示结果，所以空处需填写引导原因状语从句的连接词。从属连词because， as，since均符合题意。故答案填Since/As/Because。 2．unless 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：大多数动物与不同种类的动物几乎毫无关系，除非他们要去猎食对方。根据主从句逻辑关系，应用表达“除非”的连词引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 3．where 【详解】考查连词。句意：坐落于一带一路的交汇点，江苏将为一带一路建设作出更大的贡献。located“坐落于；位于”，后接地点状语；句中the Belt meets the Road结构完整，要用where来连接地点状语从句，故填where。 4．so that 【详解】考查连词。句意：让孩子们参与计划假期可以确保他们也有一个很棒的假期。我喜欢参观历史古迹和博物馆，而他们喜欢钓鱼和游泳。所以我为大家安排了一些放松时间，这样每个人都能享受假期。so that以便，引导目的状语从句。根据句意，故填so that。 5．in case 【详解】考查连词短语。句意：他把照相机准备好了，以防他看到能拍出好照片的东西。短语in case表示“以防，万一”，引导目的状语从句，用在此处符合句意。故填in case。 6）并列连词 若两个或三个单词、短语或句子之间设空，可能是填并列连词。 并列连词：and, but, or, so, for, yet, then, however, therefore, while, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but 【练习】 1．Drug abuse has serious effects on individuals physically and mentally, the economic losses caused by drug abuse are great. 2．Not only are more people taking to running, they are using wearable devices and using software on their cellphones to record the distance they cover and the amount of calories they burn. 3．Charles Cheadle of Cesar Chavez School says, “Boys are not so afraid that they might do something that will harm the computer,   girls are afraid they might break it somehow.” 4．As a result of showing up, Jason took opportunities got him closer to his goal. He sent work to a student show and was accepted by Robin Rule, the owner of Rule Gallery. 5．I had never seen what a sandstorm looked like I told him I wanted to go out just to see it for myself. 参考答案： 1．and 【详解】考查连词。句意：毒品滥用对个人的身心影响严重，造成的经济损失巨大。根据句意可知，前后句子是并列关系，空格处用and表并列，故填and。 2．but 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：不仅越来越多的人开始跑步，他们还使用可穿戴设备，并使用手机上的软件记录跑步距离和燃烧的卡路里量。not only...but (also)“不但……而且”为固定句型。故填but。 3．while 【详解】考查连词。句意：Cesar Chavez学校的Charles Cheadle说：“男孩不太害怕他们可能会做一些会伤害电脑的事情，而女孩则担心她们可能会以某种方式破坏它。” 表示两者之间的对比或相反的情况，用连词while。根据句意，故填while。 4．and 【详解】考查连词。句意：由于经常露面，他抓住所有机会，朝着自己的目标不断前进。他把作品寄给了一个学生展览，并被Rule画廊的老板Robin Rule接受了。分析句子可知，took opportunities和got him closer都是句子谓语，为并列关系，故用并列连词and。 5．so/and 【详解】考查连词。句意：我从来没有看过沙尘暴是什么样子，所以我告诉他我要出去亲自看看。空格处考查句间关系，根据句意可知，空处前后句间为并列关系或因果关系。故填so/and。 1．It is very important for students to concentrate schoolwork. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：对学生来说，集中精力于学业非常重要。分析句子可知，这里考查concentrate on sth.，为固定搭配，表示“集中注意力于……”。故填on。 2．“Watch out!” Leigh seized me by arm and dragged me out of the way of the rushing car.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】the 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：“小心！”利抓住我的胳膊，把我从疾驰而来的汽车面前拖了出来。“seize sb. by the + 身体部位”是固定搭配，表示“抓住某人的某个身体部位”。类似的表达还有“hit sb. on the head”（打某人的头）、“pull sb. by the hand”（拉某人的手）等。所以这里用“the”。故填the。 3．Battle of Chosin Reservoir made deep impression on me. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：长津湖战役给我留下了深刻的印象。短语make a deep impression on表示“留下深刻印象”。故填a。 4．I am writing to apply the job as a lawyer in your company. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：我写信是为了申请贵公司律师一职。根据语境，这里表达申请公司的律师工作，“apply for”是固定短语，意为“申请”，符合句意。故填for。 5．In brief, I am scared letting off fireworks. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意：简而言之，我害怕放烟花。“be scared of”是固定短语，意为“害怕……”。故填of。 6．The picture quality as well as the special effects （be ）far better. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】is 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：画质和特效都要好得多。主语后跟as well as…，谓语动词仍然要与主语The picture保持一致，be动词用单数，且句子表达的是一般的状况，所以用一般现在时。故填is。 7．Every year our school (award) scholarships to the excellent students. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】awards 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：每年我们学校都会给优秀学生颁发奖学金。此处为动词作谓语，根据时间状语“Every year”可知，句子描述习惯性动作，应用一般现在时；主语“our school”为单数，谓语动词award应用第三人称单数形式。故填awards。 8．They promised that they (send) me the report as soon as possible. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】would send 【详解】考查时态。句意：他们答应会尽快把报告寄给我。that引导宾语从句，主句谓语动词promised为一般过去时，结合从句中的as soon as possible“尽快”可知，从句描述的是从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时，其结构为“would+动词原形”。故填would send。 9．It is the second time that we (observe) this festival together. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have observed 【详解】考查时态。句意：这是我们第二次共同庆祝这个节日。此处为句型It is the second time that+现在完成时，从句主语为we，助动词用have。故填have observed。 10．Last month, the shop assistant (charge) with cheating customers many times. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was charged 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：上个月，这个店员被指控多次欺骗顾客。此处为谓语动词，根据be charged with意为“被指控”可知，charge与主语the shop assistant 之间为被动关系，根据Last month可知，为一般过去时，所以此处为一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数。故填was charged。 11．It doesn’t matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 12．He became the third student (win) the national prize in our school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to win 【详解】考查不定式。句意：他成为我校第三位获得国家级奖项的学生。the+序数词+名词+动词不定式作后置定语。故填to win。 13．He got seriously (injure) and had to quit the football match. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】injured 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他受了重伤，不得不退出足球比赛。此处为“get + 过去分词”结构，表示被动和结果，get injured意为“受伤”，injured在此为形容词化的过去分词，作表语。故填injured。 14．The little boy visited the science museum with great excitement, (accompany) by his parents. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】accompanied 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这个小男孩在父母的陪同下，怀着极大的兴奋之情参观了科学博物馆。主语The little boy与accompany为逻辑被动关系，用过去分词作状语。故填accompanied。 15．Dogs have a wider hearing range than humans, (enable) them to notice sounds that humans cannot hear. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】enabling 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：狗的听觉范围比人类更宽，这使它们能够注意到人类听不到的声音。空处为非谓语动词，Dogs与enable为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填enabling。 16． makes it striking is the expression of fear. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：让它引人注目的是恐惧的表达。空处引导名词性从句作主语，主语从句缺少主语，结合“the expression of fear”可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填What。 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：在这家商店你用现金还是用信用卡付款都没关系。句中it是形式主语，空格处引导的是主语从句，由or可知，空格处是whether，whether...or...是固定搭配，意为“是……还是……”，因此空格处用whether引导主语从句，故填whether。 18．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查连接代词。句意：我不知道谁将负责这家公司。空处为同位语从句，缺少主语，表示“谁”，用连接代词who。故填who。 19．You should know you’re going before you plan the best way of getting there. 【答案】where 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：你应该先知道要去哪里，你再计划到那里的最佳路线。此处引导宾语从句并在从句中作地点状语，表示“哪里”，应用连接副词where引导。故用where。 20．Did you know the man is standing at the school gate? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你认识那个正站在学校门口的男人吗？“_______ is standing at the school gate”是一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the man，指人，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，用关系代词who或that引导从句。故填who/that。 11． (equip) with strong communication skills is essential for a successful career in sales. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Being equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：具备强大的沟通技巧对成功的销售职业至关重要。equip与逻辑主语（隐含的“人”）之间是被动关系，且强调状态，应用be equipped with表示“具备”，句中缺少主语，空处需用动名词形式作主语，故用其动名词形式being equipped作主语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Being equipped。 12．My colleague admitted (complain) a great deal about income. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】complaining/having complained 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的同事承认经常抱怨收入问题。“admit doing/having done sth.”为固定搭配，意为“承认做过某事”，所以此处应该用动名词形式作宾语，且根据句意可知，此处表示动作已经发生，所以用动名词的一般式或完成式均符合语境。故填complaining/having complained。 一、语法填空 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. Make a difference to the environment It is often hard to determine whether the food we eat is eco-friendly or not. However, it is clear that some types of food have a 1 (big) environmental impact than others. What can we do in our everyday lives to make 2 difference? Firstly, we should avoid food that has travelled a long way. Food transport is a big source of CO₂, 3 causes global warming. In other words, it is best to eat food that 4 (produce) by the local people. Secondly, 5 the fast food is very convenient, we should eat less fast food for the environment. Recently, fast food has become very popular, but 6 is unfortunately very bad for the environment. Most takeaway containers will probably end up in the rubbish dump. However, we can encourage restaurants 7 (use) recycled materials to pack their meals. Thirdly, we should avoid those types of food 8 (cause) huge environmental stress. For example, now rain forests around the world are being burned down to make room for cattle farms. To protect the rainforest, we 9 eat less beef and avoid food that contains palm oil. Pollution and climate change are global problems, so we all need to work together. The good news is that every little bit counts. By using our resources 10 a more efficient way, we can save a lot of money at the same time as we save the environment. 【答案】 1．bigger 2．a 3．which 4．is produced 5．although/though/while 6．it 7．to use 8．causing 9．should 10．in 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了食物对环境的影响，并提出了一些在日常生活中可以采取的环保措施，如避免食用运输距离长的食物、少吃快餐、避免食用对环境压力大的食物等，强调每个人小小的行动都对保护环境有意义。 1．考查形容词比较级。句意：然而，很明显，某些食物对环境的影响比其他食物更大。由后文 “than others”可知，此处应用big的比较级 bigger，表示“更大的”，修饰“environmental impact”。故填bigger。 2．考查固定短语。句意：在日常生活中，我们能做些什么来改变世界呢？此处为固定短语“make a difference”，意为“有影响；起作用”。故填a。 3．考查定语从句。句意：食品运输是导致全球变暖的二氧化碳的主要来源。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“CO₂”， 先行词CO₂在从句中作主语，所以为关系代词which引导。故填which。 4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：换句话说，最好吃当地人生产的食物。分析句子可知，“that ____ (produce) by the local people” 是定语从句修饰 “food”，food与 produce之间是被动关系，且句子描述的是一般情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态 is produced。故填is produced。 5．考查让步状语从句。句意：其次，虽然快餐很方便，但是为了环境我们应该少吃快餐。根据句意可知，前后句之间是让步关系，意为“尽管快餐很方便，但为了环境我们应该少吃快餐”，所以此处为连词although/though/while表示“尽管”引导让步状语从句。故填although/though/while。 6．考查代词。句意：最近，快餐已经变得非常流行，但不幸的是，它对环境非常不利。分析句子可知，这里用it指代前面提到的“fast food”，在句子中作主语。故填it。 7．考查动词不定式。句意：然而，我们可以鼓励餐馆使用可回收材料来包装他们的饭菜。“encourage sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，所以此处动词不定式形式。故填to use。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：第三，我们应该避免那些对环境造成巨大压力的食物。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰“those types of food”，food与 cause之间是主动关系，故用现在分词causing。故填causing。 9．考查情态动词。句意：为了保护雨林，我们应该少吃牛肉，避免含有棕榈油的食物。根据语境，为了保护雨林，我们“应该”少吃牛肉，用情态动词should 表示“应该”，提出建议。故填should。 10．考查固定短语。句意：通过更有效地利用我们的资源，我们可以在拯救环境的同时节省很多钱。“in a...way”是固定搭配，意为“以一种…… 的方式”。故填in。 二、语法填空 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. Eating Habits of the French As a French living abroad, I'm often asked about the eating habits of the French. In this article, I've set out to explain them in detail while sharing my experience and culture. This 1 give you some simple ideas on how to eat better and live healthier. One of the most important habits in France is 2 we call “conscious eating”. We know how important it is to savor every mouthful, without distractions like TV or phones. Even when I'm busy with some important work, I make sure to sit down quietly to eat, 3 heat up a frozen pie. That way, I can really taste and appreciate what I'm eating and connect 4 my work. This habit makes meals more enjoyable and also helps me to avoid overeating, as I'm more aware of how much I'm consuming. In France, we have well-defined mealtimes, and it's a habit I 5 (follow) , always. Breakfast is between7 and 8 a. m. , lunch is between 12 and 1 p. m. , and dinner is between 7 and 8: 30 p. m. These times can be quite strict. 1f you're on vacation in France, it'll be hard for you to find a place to eat at 3 or 6 p. m. What's more, we rarely skip meals, and each one is important. Breakfast is often light but essential, with coffee, bread and fruit. Lunch is the main meal of the day, 6 (fill) with lighter food. This precise rhythm helps avoid snacking and overeating in general. Portion control is also important. While traveling and living abroad, I've noticed that portions are often much larger elsewhere. It's true that at home, dishes are smaller, but we often add a starter, such as raw vegetables, 7 (balance) the meal. In France, eating is a social activity. Sharing a meal with someone else makes the moment more enjoyable and encourages slower eating. For us, mealtime isn't just about eating; it's a special time of the day. We spend time together, talk about the day and reconnect. This tradition of eating with family and friends also makes meals 8 (relaxing) . 9 (look) back on my childhood and the eating habits I've kept, I realize that there's a lot to learn from the way the French approach food. In short, if you practice conscious eating, stick to regular mealtimes, control your portions, and enjoy meals in the company of 10 , you too can develop a healthier relationship with food. 【答案】 1．should 2．what 3．even if 4．with 5．have always followed 6．filled 7．to balance 8．more relaxing 9．Looking 10．others 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国的一些饮食习惯。 1．考查情态动词。句意：以下会给你一些简单的想法，如何吃得更好和生活更健康。此处意为 “应该会，可能”，故应用情态动词should表示“（预期）可能会，应该”，故填should。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：在法国最重要的习惯之一是我们所说的“有意识的饮食”。分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且意思为“什么”，故应用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 3．考查让步状语从句。句意：甚至当我有一些重要的工作要做时，我也会确保安静地坐下来吃饭，即使是加热一个冷冻派。此处意为“即使”，故应用even if引导让步状语，故填even if。 4．考查介词。句意：这样，我可以真正品尝和欣赏我所吃的东西，并与我的工作联系起来。此处为短语connect with...，意为“与……联系起来”，是固定搭配，故填with。 5．考查时态。句意：在法国，我们有明确的用餐时间，这是我一直以来遵守的习惯。此处作谓语动词，主语为I，陈述过去动作对现在的影响，此处应用现在完成时，表示“一直以来遵守的习惯”，故填have always followed。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：午餐是一天中的主要一餐，充满了更清淡的食物。此处作定语，修饰Lunch，Lunch与fill之间为被动关系，故应用过去分子作定语，故填filled。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：在家里，菜比较小，但我们经常加一道开胃菜，比如生蔬菜，以平衡膳食。此处表示“我们加一道开胃菜的目的是为了平衡膳食”，故此处用不定式作目的状语，故填to balance。 8．考查形容词。句意：这种与家人和朋友一起吃饭的传统也使饭菜更加放松。make+宾语+宾补，此处应用形容词作宾语补足语，且此处表示“家人和朋友一起吃饭的传统也使饭菜更加放松”，故应用形容词的比较级作宾补，故填more relaxing。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：回顾我的童年和我所保持的饮食习惯，我意识到法国人对待食物的方式有很多值得学习的地方。look back on意为“回顾”，此处作状语，主语I与look之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Looking。 10．考查代词。句意：简而言之，如果你实践有意识的饮食，坚持规律的用餐时间，控制你的份量，并享受与他人共进餐的时光，你也可以与食物建立更健康的关系。根据句意可知，此处意为“与其他人共进餐”，故应用代词others“其他人”作宾语，故填others。 三、语法填空 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. Is Butter Bad For You? Butter is having a moment. In 2024 American consumption per person hit its highest in almost 60 years. But a new scientific study reports that butter-eating 1 (associate) with an early death. So is butter really bad for you? Reaching an answer involves understanding that not all fats are alike. At a chemical level, fats can be thought of 2 chains of carbon atoms; some are saturated, meaning every carbon atom clings to two hydrogen atoms, and others are unsaturated (不饱和的), meaning some carbon atoms bond to only one of hydrogen. Those structural differences can dramatically affect 3 those fats interact with the body. Saturated fats, for example, raise levels of cholesterol, a fatty molecule that gathers in arteries and can contribute to cardiovascular disease. They do this, in part, by partially disabling receptors in the liver which cause excess cholesterol 4 (extract) from the bloodstream and dumped into bile. Unsaturated fats, by contrast, actively reduce the levels of cholesterol by activating these same liver receptors. Most of the fat in butter is of the saturated variety. It, therefore, stands to reason that butter should have a negative effect on heart health. Indeed, randomised-controlled studies offer good evidence 5 replacing butter with plant-based oil can reduce cholesterol. There is more bad news for butter-lovers. The new study, published on March 6th, rely on data from three long-run trials of American medical professionals. For almost 33 years 220,000nurses and doctors 6 (survey) regularly about their lifestyle, diet and health. The authors found that those people who ate the most butter(averaging around one tablespoon per day) were 15% 7 (likely) to have died during the course of the study than those who avoided the stuff. By contrast, people who consumed the most plant-based oils, such as canola, soybean or olive oil — all 8 have low levels of saturated fat — were 16% less likely to die than those who consumed the least. 9 the study could not show that butter increased the risk of dying from cardiovascular diseases, consuming more plant-based oils did lower that particular risk. The authors found that 10 (replace) ten grams of butter daily with the same amount of plant-based oil appeared to reduce the cancer mortality risk by 17%. 【答案】 1．is associated 2．as 3．how 4．to be extracted 5．that 6．have been surveyed 7．more likely 8．of which 9．Although/Though/While 10．replacing 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了黄油对人体是否有害的问题。 1．考查固定短语和主谓一致。句意：但一项新的科学研究报告称，吃黄油与早逝有关。“be associated with”是固定短语，意为“与…… 有关联”，这里描述的是一般性情况，主语“butter-eating”是动名词作主语，视为单数，故填is associated。 2．考查固定短语。句意：在化学层面上，脂肪可以被认为是碳原子链。“think of...as...”是固定短语，意为“把……看作……”，故填as。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：这些结构上的差异会极大地影响脂肪如何与身体的相互作用。 空处为“affect”的宾语从句，从句中结构完整，根据语境，这里表示“如何”，应用“how”引导宾语从句。故填how。 4．考查不定式的被动语态。 句意：他们这样做的部分原因是，部分地使肝脏中的受体丧失功能，导致过量的胆固醇从血液中被提取出来并倾倒到胆汁中。“cause sth. to be done”是固定用法，意为“使某事被做”，“cholesterol”和“extract”之间是被动关系，故填to be extracted。 5．考查同位语从句。句意：事实上，随机对照研究提供了很好的证据，用植物油代替黄油可以降低胆固醇。“evidence”后是一个同位语从句，解释说明“evidence”的内容，从句结构和意义完整，所以用“that”引导同位语从句。故填that。 6．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：33年来，22万名护士和医生对他们的生活方式、饮食和健康状况进行了定期调查。设空处为谓语，根据For almost 33 years应用现在完成时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，主语220,000nurses and doctors是复数，助动词用have，have been surveyed。 7．考查比较级。句意：研究人员发现，在研究过程中，那些吃黄油最多的人（平均每天大约一汤匙）比那些不吃黄油的人死亡的可能性高15%。 根据“than”可知，这里用比较级，“likely”的比较级是“more likely”，表示“更有可能”。故填more likely。 8．考查定语从句。句意：相比之下，食用植物油最多的人，如菜籽油、大豆油或橄榄油——它们的饱和脂肪含量都很低——死亡的可能性比食用黄油最少的人低16%。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“plant-based oils”，指物，应用which，和all是所属关系，应借助于介词of。故填of which。 9．考查连词。句意：虽然这项研究不能证明黄油会增加死于心血管疾病的风险，但食用更多的植物油确实会降低这种风险。根据前后句的逻辑关系，这里表示“尽管这项研究不能表明黄油会增加死于心血管疾病的风险，但食用更多的植物油确实降低了这种、风险”，所以用 “although/though/while”引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 10．考查动名词。句意：作者发现，每天用相同数量的植物油代替10克黄油，似乎可以将癌症死亡风险降低17%。设空处是主语，描述一般性行为，所以用动名词“replacing”。故填replacing。 四、语法填空 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. In the era of globalization, the world has become a closely-knit community. Multinational companies are constantly expanding 1 reach. Take Starbucks as an example. It has managed to integrate into different cultures 2 maintaining its brand identity. Starbucks entered China in 1999. At first, it 3 (face) challenges as Chinese people had a long-standing tea-drinking culture. However, instead of 4 (force) its Western coffee-drinking model, the company adapted to local preferences. It introduced new beverage options like green tea-based drinks, 5 catered to the Chinese tastes. This localization strategy not only satisfied local tastes but also helped the brand gain a 6 (deep) understanding of the local market. Moreover, Starbucks has been actively involved in community-building initiatives. It has opened stores in areas that are undergoing urban renewal. These stores serve as gathering places, where people from different backgrounds can communicate, thus promoting cross-cultural exchange. Additionally, the company has been committed to sustainable sourcing of coffee beans. By working directly with coffee farmers in various countries, Starbucks ensures the quality of its products and at the same time supports the livelihoods of small-scale farmers. This global-local approach has made Starbucks a successful example in the process of globalization. It shows 7 in the global market, companies need to be flexible and responsible to succeed. The success of Starbucks also has an impact on the local coffee-related industries. Local coffee shops have been inspired by its business model and service standards. Some local entrepreneurs have started their own coffee ventures and tried to combine local flavors with modern coffee-making techniques. This has led 8 a growth in the domestic coffee market, creating more job opportunities and contributing to the overall economic development. 9 globalization brings many benefits in the field, it also poses challenges. For example, local coffee shops may face fierce competition from international chains like Starbucks. They need to find their unique selling points and continuously innovate 10 (survive) in the market. One of the keys to their success actually lies in how they can better understand and meet the local customers’ needs. 【答案】 1．their 2．while 3．faced 4．forcing 5．which 6．deeper 7．that 8．to 9．Although/Though/While 10．to survive 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了星巴克公司是如何成功地融入了不同的文化，同时保持了自己的品牌形象。 1．考查代词。句意：跨国公司不断扩大他们的影响力。此处为短语expand one’s reach表示“扩大影响力”，主语为companies，代词用their。故填their。 2．考查状语从句的省略。句意：它在保持了自己的品牌形象的时候，成功地融入了不同的文化。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”用while，此处省略从句主语和be动词。故填while。 3．考查时态。句意：起初，它面临着挑战，因为中国人有着悠久的饮茶文化。根据上文Starbucks entered China in 1999.及At first可知发生在过去，为一般过去时。故填faced。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，该公司并没有强制推行西方的咖啡饮用模式，而是根据当地的偏好进行了调整。作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。故填forcing。 5．考查定语从句。句意：它推出了新的饮料选择，如绿茶饮料，以迎合中国人的口味。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词new beverage options，在从句作主语，指物。故填which。 6．考查比较级。句意：这种本土化策略不仅满足了当地人的口味，也帮助品牌对当地市场有了更深入的了解。此处表示“更深的”用比较级，形容词作定语。故填deeper。 7．考查宾语从句。句意：这表明，在全球市场上，企业需要灵活和负责任才能成功。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分或句意，故用that。故填that。 8．考查介词。句意：这导致了国内咖啡市场的增长，创造了更多的就业机会，并促进了整体经济的发展。短语lead to表示“导致”。故填to。 9．考查状语从句。句意：尽管全球化给该领域带来了许多好处，但也带来了挑战。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”可用although、though或while，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们需要找到自己独特的卖点，不断创新才能在市场中生存。此处survive作目的状语，用不定式。故填to survive。 五、语法填空 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. The importance of Accessibility Awareness At a recent meeting, people with disabilities talked about their lives. I was amazed to hear about the challenges 1 (face) by people with physical disabilities. However, 2 amazed me most was the great importance of education about handicap (残障) facilities. Two women who 3 (use) wheelchairs all their life are two important members of the National Group for Disabled Persons, devoted to 4 (raise) awareness about disabilities. They educate about all the facilities for people with disabilities. One big concern is that the public take advantage of aids, such as handicap parking spaces. So people 5 disabilities need to be educated about these facilities. And the meeting focused on educating the public. Some handicap spots have extra room next to them, marked with the “No Parking” signs. Some people think 6 they’re not in the spot, they can take the no-parking area next to it. However, the women 7 use wheelchairs disagree to this. The space exists to someone in a wheelchair to have room to get in or out of their car. If there is a car in that space, the handicap parking spot is no longer useful. Some walkways have handrails next to them to help those who require extra help. 8 it is a blind person seeking help or an elderly person seeking support, the rail is there for walking. Sometimes the rail is blocked by a parked bicycle for example, due to lack of education. People who 9 (inform) of the rail’s use will be less likely to mistake it for a bike rack (停放架). If more people are educated about the proper uses of facilities, there will be 10 (few) challenges for people with physical disabilities. 【答案】 1．faced 2．what 3．have used 4．raising 5．with 6．if 7．who/that 8．Whether 9．are informed 10．fewer 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕无障碍设施意识的重要性展开，通过介绍残疾人士生活面临的挑战及设施使用中存在的问题，强调对公众进行残障设施教育的重要性。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：我很惊讶地听到身体残疾的人所面临的挑战。“(face) by people with physical disabilities”作后置定语，face(面临，遭遇)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语“challenges”之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填faced。 2．考查主语从句。句意：然而，最让我惊讶的是关于残障设施教育的重要性。“____ amazed me most”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“……的事情”，应用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 3．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：两位终生使用轮椅的妇女是致力于提高人们对残疾认识的国家残疾人组织的两位重要成员。use(使用)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语who(即先行词Two women)之间是主动关系，结合时间状语“all their life”可知，该动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时态，主语是复数名词，助动词用have。故填have used。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：两位终生使用轮椅的妇女是致力于提高人们对残疾认识的国家残疾人组织的两位重要成员。“devote to”意为“致力于、专注于、献身于”，to是介词，后接动名词raising作宾语。故填raising。 5．考查介词。句意：所以残疾人士需要接受关于这些设施的教育。表示“有残疾的”，用介词with(具有)构成介词短语“with disabilities”作后置定语。故填with。 6．考查条件状语从句。句意：有些人认为如果他们不在停车位里，他们就可以占用旁边的禁停区域。“they’re not in the spot”是“they can take the no parking area next to it”的条件，用从属连词if引导条件状语从句。故填if。 7．考查定语从句。句意：然而，使用轮椅的女性不同意这种观点。“____ use wheelchairs”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the women”，指人，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that引导从句。故填who/that。 8．考查让步状语从句。句意：无论是盲人寻求帮助还是老年人寻求支撑，扶手都是为了行走而设的。根据句意和句中“or”可知，用“whether...or...”引导让步状语从句，意为“无论是……还是……”；句首单词首字母大写。故填Whether。 9．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：被告知扶手用途的人不太可能把它错当成自行车停放架。inform(告知)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语who(即先行词People)之间是被动关系，描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词People，谓语用复数形式are informed。故填are informed。 10．考查形容词比较级。句意：如果更多的人接受关于设施正确使用的教育，身体残疾的人面临的挑战就会更少。这里是将接受教育前后进行对比，用比较级，“few”的比较级是“fewer”，意为“更少的”，作定语。故填fewer。 20 / 25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$