衔接点14 非限制性定语从句的用法（初高考点差异及衔接）- 2025年初升高英语无忧衔接（上海专用）

衔接点14 非限制性定语从句的用法 （初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 初中阶段能够区分识别限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，通常非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开。 高中阶段，对于非限制性定语从句的掌握要求也会逐渐提高，从基础的识别和构造，到深入的理解和灵活运用，以及在复杂语境中的准确表达。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 初步识别非限制性定语从句句子，如： My sister, who is a doctor, lives in New York.（我的姐姐是一位医生，她住在纽约。） The house, which we bought last year, has a beautiful garden.（我们去年买的房子有一个漂亮的花园。） He told us a story, which was very interesting.（他给我们讲了一个非常有趣的故事。） 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 · 逗号的使用：非限制性定语从句前后需要用逗号隔开。 My uncle, who is a famous writer, lives in the countryside.（我的叔叔，他是一位著名的作家，住在乡下。） · 先行词的识别：先行词可以是人、物、事件或整个主句。 The plan, which we had discussed for months, was finally approved.（我们讨论好几个月的计划最终被批准了。） · 关系代词和关系副词的使用： 正确使用 "who"、"whom"、"which"、"as" 以及 "where"、"when"、"why" 等。 The house, which we bought last year, is very spacious.（我们去年买的房子非常宽敞。） She won the championship, which made her parents very proud.（她赢得了冠军，这让她的父母非常骄傲。） The city, where I was born, has changed a lot over the years.（我出生的这座城市多年来变化很大。） The reason, why he decided to leave, was never fully explained.（他决定离开的原因从未被完全解释清楚。） My brother, who is an engineer, lives in Canada.（我的哥哥是一位工程师，他住在加拿大。） 考点清单 一．比较：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 ▲形式不同 限制性定语从句与其先行词之间不用逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句与其先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。 例：Many schools provide courses which assist new students to develop their study skills． 许多学校提供帮助新生培养学习技能的课程。(限制性定语从句) She heard a lovely song，which reminded her of her hometown． 她听到一首动听的歌曲，让她想起了家乡。(非限制性定语从句) ▲功能不同 限制性定语从句与其先行词关系十分密切，它限制了先行词的意义。如果去掉该从句，剩余部分的意思往往不完整，甚至失去意义；而非限制性定语从句只是其先行词的附加说明，如果去掉，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整。 例：I was the only person in our office that was invited． 我是办公室里唯一受到邀请的人。(去掉从句后，句子剩余部分意思就不完整) Tom’s father，who is over seventy，is still energetic． 汤姆的父亲已年逾七旬，却仍然精神矍铄。(去掉从句后，句子剩余部分意思仍然完整) ▲关系词不同 that不能用来引导非限制性定语从句。请比较： 例：He failed to attend the meeting，that made us very disappointed．(×) He failed to attend the meeting，which made us very disappointed．(√) 他没有出席这次会议，这让我们很失望。 He failed to attend the meeting that／which was held last Sunday． 他没有出席上周日举行的会议。 我们用表格可以更加直观地进行比较： 类别 对先行词的作用 位置 翻译方法 引导词 限制性定语从句 对先行词进行修饰限定 紧跟在先行词后，无逗号 翻译在先行词前 作宾语时可以省略，可用who代替whom 非限制性定语从句 对先行词或主句进行补充说明 和主句之间用逗号隔开 翻译成主句的并列句 不能省略，不可以用that，不可以用who代替whom 二．用which来修饰整个句子的非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句不仅可以修饰名词或代词，也可以修饰整个句子，这时关系代词用 which。 例：The result of the experiment was very good，which we hadn’t expected． 实验的结果非常好，这一点出乎我们的意料。 Tom was elected Chairman of the Students’ Union．which made his family very proud． 汤姆被选为学生会主席，这件事让全家都感到骄傲。 如果非限制性定语从句放在主句之前，关系代词只能用as，不能用which。 例：As we all know，Taiwan has been part of China since ancient times． 众所周知，台湾自古以来就是中国的一部分。 As had been expected，he put forward his idea at the meeting．  as有“正如”之意，而which则意为“这（件事，一点）”，可用and this/that/it来代替。 She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.她听到可怕地声音，这让她把心都提到嗓子眼了。 As is planned, we got there before eight. 正如计划，我们八点前到达了那儿。  as多用于固定搭配中：as is often the case(这是常有的事)，as was expected(不出所料)，as often happens(正如经常发生的那样)，as is known to all(众所周知)，as has been said before(如上所述)，as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的)等。 Li Ming is late, as is often the case. 李明迟到了，这事是经常发生的。(不可用which) 三．用“介词+关系代词” 或“one of whom、some of which”等引导的非限制性定语从句 可以用数词或不定代词(如all／both／each／some／most／none等)+of whom或of which来修饰或限定先行词。 例：We interviewed 1 5 applicants for the post，none of whom we thought qualified． 我们面试了15名求职者，但没有一人合格。 Seven passengers were injured in the car accident，two of whom were foreigners． 在车祸中有七人受伤，其中两名是外国人。 The engine consists of hundreds of parts，each of which has its importance． 这个引擎由数百个零件组成，每个零件都有其重要的作用。 一、语法填空 1．I would like to choose the student, I think is the best, to be our monitor. (用适当的词填空) 2．My best friend Julia will come to see me next July, she won’t be so busy. (用适当的词填空) 3．I won the first prize in the English speaking contest, surprised my classmates. (用适当的词填空) 4．I met some fruit-pickers on my way to a village, several of were university students（用适当的词填空） 5．After graduating from college, she took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision. (用适当的词填空) 6．The Van Gogh exhibition was held in Shanghai, exhibits attracted many visitors. (用适当的词填空) 7． is reported, the activity is very successful. (用适当的的词填空) 8．The scientist, with I worked on the project, will attend the international conference next month. (用适当的词填空) 9．The novel, main character is a young detective, has won the annual literature award. (用适当的词填空) 10．This is the girl who ran away from home the other day, for return her parents offered a reward of 20,000 yuan. (用适当的词填空) 11．He changed his mind for the second time, after I refused ever to go out with him again. (用适当的词填空) 12．We’ll put off the meeting till next week, we won’t be so occupied with our work. (用适当的词填空) 13． is known to us all, Chinese people would like to put up pictures to celebrate the Spring Festival. (用适当的词填空) 14．The old man, without help the lost child might still be wandering in the street, is a kind-hearted neighbor. (用适当的词填空) 15．We traveled together as far as New York, we say goodbye to each other. (用适当的词填空) 16．The church, roof was damaged in the terrible fire, has been repaired. (用适当的词填空) 17． is often case the case with big cities,traffic congestion is a serious problem. (用适当的词填空) 18．The character, Ne Zha, adventures are full of twists and turns, teaches us the value of perseverance and self-acceptance. (用适当的词填空) 19． is mentioned above, the number of the students studying abroad is increasing now. (用适当的词填空) 20．Beijing is a popular destination for tourists, many of travel from all over the world to experience its rich culture and history. （用适当的词填空） 一、完成句子 1．I won the first prize in the English speaking contest, __________________. (这让同学们很惊讶) 2．There are about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in that school, most of __________________.. (他们中的大多数都来自欧洲) 3．I would like to choose the student, __________________.to be our monitor. (我认为最优秀的学生) 4．I like to go to the amusement park, __________________. (在那里可以享受很多活动) 5．We will postpone the picnic in the park until next week, __________________. (那时天气可能会好一些) 二、阅读理解 Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre serves as an open-air theatre focusing on the work of Shakespeare. Highlights (亮点) Not only does the Globe Theatre host many performances throughout the summer months, but it also hosts guided tours of the playhouse. During the tours, visitors are educated on the construction, the design and the rise and fall of the Globe Theatre. Another highlight includes Shakespeare’ Globe Exhibition, which educates visitors on Shakespeare’s life, as well as where he lived in London. Depending on when you visit, there may also be some short exhibitions inside the playhouse, which range from historical to art exhibitions. Special Tips • If you want to avoid large crowds, try to avoid watching performances between May and August as it can get busy. If you plan on going on a tour, the 9:30 a.m. tours are usually the quietest. • If you plan on sitting on any of the wooden benches (长凳) during a performance, it may be a good idea to rent a seat cushion (坐垫) for £1 as the benches can get quite uncomfortable after you sit for longer periods. • Make sure you check the weather forecast before you book your tickets. The use of umbrellas is not allowed, so make sure you have an extra raincoat and warm shoes, just in case. If you’re worried about standing in the rain, there are seats available that are protected under a sound roof. Opening Hours Due to the fact that the Globe is an open-air theatre, performances are only held from mid-April to mid-October. 1．What can visitors learn at the Globe Theatre? A．People’s life in Shakespeare’s time. B．The history of the Globe Theatre. C．Some techniques for creating art. D．The background of some artworks. 2．When is probably the best time for enjoying the performance comfortably? A．Oct. 16 — Nov. 15. B．May. 15 — Jun. 20. C．Jul. 15 — Aug. 28. D．Apr. 16 — Apr. 28. 3．What are visitors advised to do if they plan to watch the performance? A．Bring a raincoat. B．Take an umbrella. C．Stay in a sheltered area. D．Bring their own seat cushions. 重难词汇词块清单 词汇 / 词块 词性 中文释义 open-air theatre n. 露天剧院 construction n. 建造，建设 exhibition n. 展览，展出 wooden bench n. 木制长凳 seat cushion n. 坐垫 长难句分析 原句：Depending on when you visit, there may also be some short exhibitions inside the playhouse, which range from historical to art exhibitions. 译文：根据你参观的时间，剧院内可能还会有一些短期展览，从历史展览到艺术展览不等。 分析：本句为主从复合句。“Depending on when you visit” 为现在分词短语作条件状语，“there may also be some short exhibitions inside the playhouse” 为主句，“which range from historical to art exhibitions” 为 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 some short exhibitions，在从句中 “range from...to...” 表示 “从…… 到…… 不等”。 中文翻译 莎士比亚环球剧院是一座专注于莎士比亚作品的露天剧院。 亮点 环球剧院不仅在夏季举办许多演出，还提供剧院的导览参观服务。在参观过程中，游客会了解到环球剧院的建造过程、设计特点以及它兴盛与衰落的历史。另一个亮点包括莎士比亚环球展览，该展览向游客介绍莎士比亚的生活以及他在伦敦的居住地点。根据你参观的时间，剧院内可能还会有一些短期展览，从历史展览到艺术展览不等。 特别提示 ・如果你想避开人群，尽量避免在 5 月至 8 月期间观看演出，因为这段时间会很忙。如果你计划参加导览，上午 9:30 的导览通常是最安静的。 ・如果你打算在演出期间坐在任何木制长凳上，最好租一个 1 英镑的坐垫，因为坐久了长凳会很不舒服。 ・在订票前一定要查看天气预报。不允许使用雨伞，所以确保你有一件额外的雨衣和温暖的鞋子，以防万一。如果你担心站在雨中，有一些座位是在隔音屋顶下的。 开放时间 由于环球剧场是露天剧场，演出只在 4 月中旬到 10 月中旬举行。 7 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衔接点14 非限制性定语从句的用法 （初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 初中阶段能够区分识别限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，通常非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开。 高中阶段，对于非限制性定语从句的掌握要求也会逐渐提高，从基础的识别和构造，到深入的理解和灵活运用，以及在复杂语境中的准确表达。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 初步识别非限制性定语从句句子，如： My sister, who is a doctor, lives in New York.（我的姐姐是一位医生，她住在纽约。） The house, which we bought last year, has a beautiful garden.（我们去年买的房子有一个漂亮的花园。） He told us a story, which was very interesting.（他给我们讲了一个非常有趣的故事。） 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 · 逗号的使用：非限制性定语从句前后需要用逗号隔开。 My uncle, who is a famous writer, lives in the countryside.（我的叔叔，他是一位著名的作家，住在乡下。） · 先行词的识别：先行词可以是人、物、事件或整个主句。 The plan, which we had discussed for months, was finally approved.（我们讨论好几个月的计划最终被批准了。） · 关系代词和关系副词的使用： 正确使用 "who"、"whom"、"which"、"as" 以及 "where"、"when"、"why" 等。 The house, which we bought last year, is very spacious.（我们去年买的房子非常宽敞。） She won the championship, which made her parents very proud.（她赢得了冠军，这让她的父母非常骄傲。） The city, where I was born, has changed a lot over the years.（我出生的这座城市多年来变化很大。） The reason, why he decided to leave, was never fully explained.（他决定离开的原因从未被完全解释清楚。） My brother, who is an engineer, lives in Canada.（我的哥哥是一位工程师，他住在加拿大。） 考点清单 一．比较：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 ▲形式不同 限制性定语从句与其先行词之间不用逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句与其先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。 例：Many schools provide courses which assist new students to develop their study skills． 许多学校提供帮助新生培养学习技能的课程。(限制性定语从句) She heard a lovely song，which reminded her of her hometown． 她听到一首动听的歌曲，让她想起了家乡。(非限制性定语从句) ▲功能不同 限制性定语从句与其先行词关系十分密切，它限制了先行词的意义。如果去掉该从句，剩余部分的意思往往不完整，甚至失去意义；而非限制性定语从句只是其先行词的附加说明，如果去掉，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整。 例：I was the only person in our office that was invited． 我是办公室里唯一受到邀请的人。(去掉从句后，句子剩余部分意思就不完整) Tom’s father，who is over seventy，is still energetic． 汤姆的父亲已年逾七旬，却仍然精神矍铄。(去掉从句后，句子剩余部分意思仍然完整) ▲关系词不同 that不能用来引导非限制性定语从句。请比较： 例：He failed to attend the meeting，that made us very disappointed．(×) He failed to attend the meeting，which made us very disappointed．(√) 他没有出席这次会议，这让我们很失望。 He failed to attend the meeting that／which was held last Sunday． 他没有出席上周日举行的会议。 我们用表格可以更加直观地进行比较： 类别 对先行词的作用 位置 翻译方法 引导词 限制性定语从句 对先行词进行修饰限定 紧跟在先行词后，无逗号 翻译在先行词前 作宾语时可以省略，可用who代替whom 非限制性定语从句 对先行词或主句进行补充说明 和主句之间用逗号隔开 翻译成主句的并列句 不能省略，不可以用that，不可以用who代替whom 二．用which来修饰整个句子的非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句不仅可以修饰名词或代词，也可以修饰整个句子，这时关系代词用 which。 例：The result of the experiment was very good，which we hadn’t expected． 实验的结果非常好，这一点出乎我们的意料。 Tom was elected Chairman of the Students’ Union．which made his family very proud． 汤姆被选为学生会主席，这件事让全家都感到骄傲。 如果非限制性定语从句放在主句之前，关系代词只能用as，不能用which。 例：As we all know，Taiwan has been part of China since ancient times． 众所周知，台湾自古以来就是中国的一部分。 As had been expected，he put forward his idea at the meeting．  as有“正如”之意，而which则意为“这（件事，一点）”，可用and this/that/it来代替。 She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.她听到可怕地声音，这让她把心都提到嗓子眼了。 As is planned, we got there before eight. 正如计划，我们八点前到达了那儿。  as多用于固定搭配中：as is often the case(这是常有的事)，as was expected(不出所料)，as often happens(正如经常发生的那样)，as is known to all(众所周知)，as has been said before(如上所述)，as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的)等。 Li Ming is late, as is often the case. 李明迟到了，这事是经常发生的。(不可用which) 三．用“介词+关系代词” 或“one of whom、some of which”等引导的非限制性定语从句 可以用数词或不定代词(如all／both／each／some／most／none等)+of whom或of which来修饰或限定先行词。 例：We interviewed 1 5 applicants for the post，none of whom we thought qualified． 我们面试了15名求职者，但没有一人合格。 Seven passengers were injured in the car accident，two of whom were foreigners． 在车祸中有七人受伤，其中两名是外国人。 The engine consists of hundreds of parts，each of which has its importance． 这个引擎由数百个零件组成，每个零件都有其重要的作用。 一、语法填空 1．I would like to choose the student, I think is the best, to be our monitor. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想选我认为最优秀的学生做我们的班长。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the student，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，故填who。 2．My best friend Julia will come to see me next July, she won’t be so busy. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我最好的朋友朱莉娅明年七月会来看我，那时她不会那么忙。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词next July，且关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导定语从句，故填when。 3．I won the first prize in the English speaking contest, surprised my classmates. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在英语演讲比赛中我获得了第一名，这让同学们很惊讶。　　 surprised my classmates是非限制性定语从句，修饰前边的整个句子，从句中缺少主语，关系词代替整个主句的内容，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 4．I met some fruit-pickers on my way to a village, several of were university students（用适当的词填空） 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我在去一个村庄的路上遇到了一些摘水果的人，其中有几个是大学生。分析句式结构可知，此处是介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，因为先行词指人，且介词of后缺少宾语，所以用关系代词whom。故答案为whom。 5．After graduating from college, she took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大学毕业后，她休了段时间的假去旅行了，结果证明这是一个明智的决定。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 6．The Van Gogh exhibition was held in Shanghai, exhibits attracted many visitors. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：梵高画展在上海举行，其展品吸引了许多参观者。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“The Van Gogh exhibition”，指物，且关系词在从句中作定语，修饰名词“exhibits”，因此关系词应用“whose”，表示“……的”。故填whose。 7． is reported, the activity is very successful. (用适当的的词填空) 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如所报道的，这次活动非常成功。表示“正如”用as，引导非限制性定语从句，as指代后文的整个句子，在从句中作主语。首字母大写。故填As。 8．The scientist, with I worked on the project, will attend the international conference next month. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：和我一起做这个项目的那位科学家将参加下个月的国际会议。此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是scientist，指人，关系词在从句中作介词宾语，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。 9．The novel, main character is a young detective, has won the annual literature award. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这部以年轻侦探为主角的小说获得了年度文学奖。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，The novel和main character之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属的关系代词whose，故填whose。 10．This is the girl who ran away from home the other day, for return her parents offered a reward of 20,000 yuan. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是前几天离家出走的女孩，她的父母为了让她回家悬赏了2万元。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the girl，在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词return，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 11．He changed his mind for the second time, after I refused ever to go out with him again. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他第二次改变了主意，在那之后，我拒绝再和他一起出去了。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，句子表示从他第二次改变主意后“我”拒绝再和他一起出去，因此空格处用which，故填which。 12．We’ll put off the meeting till next week, we won’t be so occupied with our work. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将把会议推迟到下周，那时我们的工作就不会那么忙了。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词next week，在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。 13． is known to us all, Chinese people would like to put up pictures to celebrate the Spring Festival. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】As 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：众所周知，中国人喜欢张贴年画来庆祝春节。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是后面整个句子Chinese people would like to put up pictures to celebrate the Spring Festival，关系词在从句中作主语，指代整个句子的内容，翻译成“正如”，应用as引导，as is known to us all意为“众所周知”。故填As。 14．The old man, without help the lost child might still be wandering in the street, is a kind-hearted neighbor. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果没有那位好心邻居的帮助，那个走失的孩子可能还在街上流浪。“without _____  help the lost child might still be wandering in the street”为非限制性定语从句，先行词是The old man，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，修饰名词help，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 15．We traveled together as far as New York, we say goodbye to each other. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们一起旅行到了纽约，在那里我们彼此道别。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是New York，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 16．The church, roof was damaged in the terrible fire, has been repaired. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那座教堂，其屋顶在那场可怕的火灾中受损，已经被修复了。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The church，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，修饰roof，表示所属关系，应用关系代词whose 引导。故填whose。 17． is often case the case with big cities,traffic congestion is a serious problem. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如大城市的通常情况一样，交通拥堵是一个严重的问题。空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是后面整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词as引导定语从句，as有正如的意思，符合句意。故填As。 18．The character, Ne Zha, adventures are full of twists and turns, teaches us the value of perseverance and self-acceptance. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：“哪吒”这个角色的冒险充满了曲折，教会了我们坚持不懈和自我接纳的价值。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Ne Zha，空处在从句作定语，故用whose 。故填whose 。 19． is mentioned above, the number of the students studying abroad is increasing now. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如上面所提到的，现在出国留学的学生人数正在增加。空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“正如”用as。故填As。 20．Beijing is a popular destination for tourists, many of travel from all over the world to experience its rich culture and history. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：北京是一个受游客欢迎的旅游目的地，其中许多游客从世界各地赶来体验其丰富的文化和历史。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为tourists，指人，且关系词位于介词of之后，需用关系代词whom引导定语从句，构成“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。故填whom。 一、完成句子 1．I won the first prize in the English speaking contest, __________________. (这让同学们很惊讶) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在英语演讲比赛中我获得了第一名，这让同学们很惊讶。关系词代替整个主句的内容，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which surprised my classmates.。 2．There are about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in that school, most of __________________.. (他们中的大多数都来自欧洲) 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大约有50名外国学生在那所学校学习汉语，他们中的大多数都来自欧洲。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students，作介词的宾语，指人，应用whom。故填whom are from Europe。 3．I would like to choose the student, __________________.to be our monitor. (我认为最优秀的学生) 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想选我认为最优秀的学生做我们的班长。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the student，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，故填who I think is the best。 4．I like to go to the amusement park, __________________. (在那里可以享受很多活动) 【答案】where 【详解】考查引导非限制性定语从句的关系副词。句意：我喜欢去游乐园，在那里可以享受很多活动。设空处无提示词，且前面有逗号，逗号前面是一个完整的句子，所以设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the amusement park，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故填where there are many activities to enjoy。 5．We will postpone the picnic in the park until next week, __________________. (那时天气可能会好一些) 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将把公园野餐推迟到下周，那时天气可能会好一些。在非限制性定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且先行词为next week，所以应用关系副词when。故填when the weather may be better。 二、阅读理解 Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre serves as an open-air theatre focusing on the work of Shakespeare. Highlights (亮点) Not only does the Globe Theatre host many performances throughout the summer months, but it also hosts guided tours of the playhouse. During the tours, visitors are educated on the construction, the design and the rise and fall of the Globe Theatre. Another highlight includes Shakespeare’ Globe Exhibition, which educates visitors on Shakespeare’s life, as well as where he lived in London. Depending on when you visit, there may also be some short exhibitions inside the playhouse, which range from historical to art exhibitions. Special Tips • If you want to avoid large crowds, try to avoid watching performances between May and August as it can get busy. If you plan on going on a tour, the 9:30 a.m. tours are usually the quietest. • If you plan on sitting on any of the wooden benches (长凳) during a performance, it may be a good idea to rent a seat cushion (坐垫) for £1 as the benches can get quite uncomfortable after you sit for longer periods. • Make sure you check the weather forecast before you book your tickets. The use of umbrellas is not allowed, so make sure you have an extra raincoat and warm shoes, just in case. If you’re worried about standing in the rain, there are seats available that are protected under a sound roof. Opening Hours Due to the fact that the Globe is an open-air theatre, performances are only held from mid-April to mid-October. 1．What can visitors learn at the Globe Theatre? A．People’s life in Shakespeare’s time. B．The history of the Globe Theatre. C．Some techniques for creating art. D．The background of some artworks. 2．When is probably the best time for enjoying the performance comfortably? A．Oct. 16 — Nov. 15. B．May. 15 — Jun. 20. C．Jul. 15 — Aug. 28. D．Apr. 16 — Apr. 28. 3．What are visitors advised to do if they plan to watch the performance? A．Bring a raincoat. B．Take an umbrella. C．Stay in a sheltered area. D．Bring their own seat cushions. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了莎士比亚环球剧院的亮点和参观的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据Highlights部分中的“Not only does the Globe Theatre host many performances throughout the summer months, but it also hosts guided tours of the playhouse. During the tours, visitors are educated on the construction, the design and the rise and fall of the Globe Theatre. (环球剧院不仅在夏季举办许多演出，还提供剧院的导览参观服务。在参观过程中，游客会了解到环球剧院的建造过程、设计特点以及它兴盛与衰落的历史)”可知，游客可以在环球剧院了解环球剧院的历史。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据Special Tips部分中的“If you want to avoid large crowds, try to avoid watching performances between May and August as it can get busy. (如果你想避开人群，尽量避免在5月至8月期间观看演出，因为这段时间会很忙)”以及Opening Hours部分中的“Due to the fact that the Globe is an open-air theatre, performances are only held from mid-April to mid-October. (由于环球剧场是露天剧场，演出只在4月中旬到10月中旬举行)”可知，要想舒服的观看演出，首先需要避开5月至8月，然后演出只在4月中旬到10月中旬举行，结合选项可知，D项“4月16日到4月28日”是最合适的时期。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据Special Tips部分中的“Make sure you check the weather forecast before you book your tickets. The use of umbrellas is not allowed, so make sure you have an extra raincoat and warm shoes, just in case. (在订票前一定要查看天气预报。不允许使用雨伞，所以确保你有一件额外的雨衣和温暖的鞋子，以防万一)”可知，如果游客打算观看表演，建议他们带上雨衣。故选A项。 重难词汇词块清单 词汇 / 词块 词性 中文释义 open-air theatre n. 露天剧院 construction n. 建造，建设 exhibition n. 展览，展出 wooden bench n. 木制长凳 seat cushion n. 坐垫 长难句分析 原句：Depending on when you visit, there may also be some short exhibitions inside the playhouse, which range from historical to art exhibitions. 译文：根据你参观的时间，剧院内可能还会有一些短期展览，从历史展览到艺术展览不等。 分析：本句为主从复合句。“Depending on when you visit” 为现在分词短语作条件状语，“there may also be some short exhibitions inside the playhouse” 为主句，“which range from historical to art exhibitions” 为 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 some short exhibitions，在从句中 “range from...to...” 表示 “从…… 到…… 不等”。 中文翻译 莎士比亚环球剧院是一座专注于莎士比亚作品的露天剧院。 亮点 环球剧院不仅在夏季举办许多演出，还提供剧院的导览参观服务。在参观过程中，游客会了解到环球剧院的建造过程、设计特点以及它兴盛与衰落的历史。另一个亮点包括莎士比亚环球展览，该展览向游客介绍莎士比亚的生活以及他在伦敦的居住地点。根据你参观的时间，剧院内可能还会有一些短期展览，从历史展览到艺术展览不等。 特别提示 ・如果你想避开人群，尽量避免在 5 月至 8 月期间观看演出，因为这段时间会很忙。如果你计划参加导览，上午 9:30 的导览通常是最安静的。 ・如果你打算在演出期间坐在任何木制长凳上，最好租一个 1 英镑的坐垫，因为坐久了长凳会很不舒服。 ・在订票前一定要查看天气预报。不允许使用雨伞，所以确保你有一件额外的雨衣和温暖的鞋子，以防万一。如果你担心站在雨中，有一些座位是在隔音屋顶下的。 开放时间 由于环球剧场是露天剧场，演出只在 4 月中旬到 10 月中旬举行。 11 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$