Unit 4 Period 1 Topic talk & What's so funny（分层作业）英语北师大版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit 4 Period 1 Topic talk & What’s so funny?分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、品句填词 1．Every honest worker ____________(应受到) fair compensation, which is a fundamental rule of social justice. 2．There's tension and _________(焦虑) from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. 3．The wait time allows the arteries (动脉) to return to the condition prior to taking the blood pressure ______________(测量). 4．Today's food was particularly delicious, which gave the cat a good ___________(胃口) around the house to catch mice. 5．This industry may __________(消费) large amounts of energy. 6．This is an opportunity to _________(增强) the reputation of our city. 7．There are no ________________(明显的) differences between the two groups of students. 8．Though he had a hard time, he chose to ___________(假装) to his family that everything was fine. 9．He was really ___________(困惑的) by the difficult problem which also bothered other people for a long time. 10．With a goal in mind, you will be amazed at your ____________(潜力) if you strive for that goal. 二、根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．When chatting with my friends, I use Chinglish ______________(不时地), which is funny. 2．They will not ___________(嘲笑) you just for making a mistake. 3．Her bravery has given him the will to ______________(继续) with his life and his work. 4．There are many treasures __________(待售) in that antique shop, each one full of historical charm, making people unable to help but wonder! 5．Everyone is always on the go, while I _______________(习惯于) the peace and quiet of our village. 6．_________________(根据) this study, women have made notable gains. 7．When you ___________(情绪低落), depressed and low about yourself, it automatically drives people away. 8．There was no one to __________(求助于) and no one to tell. 9．I'd like to _____________(献出) all I have to get back my happy childhood. 10．The drainage(排水) system has collapsed _________________(由于) too much rain. 三、完成句子/句型转换/一句多译 1．客人到达时，我会确保一切井然有序。(介词＋宾语从句) I'll see ____________________________________ when the guests arrive. 2．He was confused with the present situation, so he was at a loss what to do next. →_______________________________, he was at a loss what to do next.(形容词短语作状语) 3．You'd better arrive ahead of time, which is very important to show your politeness. →You'd better arrive ahead of time, which is _____________________ to show your politeness. 4．She pretended that she was listening, but actually her mind was wandering. →She ________________________________, but actually her mind was wandering. 5．令他尴尬的是，他不知道正在发生什么。 (1)__________________________, he had no idea of what was going on.(embarrassment n．) (2)________________________ was that he had no idea of what was going on.(embarrass v．；what引导主语从句) (3)___________________________ that he had no idea of what was going on.(embarrass v．；it作形式主语) 三、课文完型填空【改编自Lesson 1】 　　A middle-aged man was feeling very down. Everything had been going 1 for him. He had had problems at work and his wife had left him for another man. So, after he had been feeling 2 for over a month, he decided to go to the doctor. He had to wait for what seemed like ages in the doctor's surgery. The bleeding man next to him was looking at his watch 3 ； a woman was coughing and sneezing badly; and a baby was screaming. Finally, after he had been waiting for about half an hour, he was 4 in for his consultation. The doctor was writing a note at her desk when he came in. “Sorry, I'm just finishing something. I'm afraid we've been very 5 this morning.” She then turned to the man. “So, what's the 6 ？” she asked. “Well, I've been having a bit of crisis，” replied the man. “Mmm, you're looking very pale.” The doctor started to 7 him. “Well, everything is working OK，” she announced afterwards. “You have slightly high blood 8 and you're breathing quite heavily, but otherwise everything's fine.” 1．A．wrong B．right C．smooth D．strange 2．A．happy B．depressed C．excited D．calm 3．A．nervously B．calmly C．happily D．eagerly 4．A．pushed B．invited C．forced D．called 5．A．lazy B．free C．busy D．quiet 6．A．news B．advice C．solution D．problem 7．A．educate B．warn C．examine D．consult 8．A．fat B．pressure C．sugar D．problem 四、阅读理解 A 　　There is an English saying: “Laughter is the best medicine.” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found that laughter really can improve people's health. 　　 　　Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their hearts, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter had effects similar to physical exercise. It decreases blood pressure, the heart beating and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial. 　　Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programmes. The group that tolerated (忍耐) the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny programme. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish both stress and pain. 　　As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they help to improve their patients' condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter. 1．Which of the following has not been proved by doctors? A．Smiling does good to health. B．Laughter can be tolerated. C．There is a way to reduce pain. D．Laughter can work the muscles in the feet. 2．Which group of students tolerated the pain for the longest time? A．The students who listened to different radio programmes. B．The students who could produce a kind of chemical. C．The students who didn't have stress of pain. D．The students who listened to a funny programme. 3．Which of the following word is similar to the underlined word “diminish” in paragraph 3? A．Test. B．Stop. C．Reduce. D．Increase. 4．What's the main idea of the passage? A．Laughter and physical exercise have similar effects on the human body. B．Smile can produce the same effects as laughter. C．Pain can be reduced by laughter. D．Laughter is the best medicine. B 　　(2024·鄄城一中高二月考)Laughter is a kind of universal body language that's shared by people of all nationalities, skin colours, cultures and traditions. But did you know that the ability to tell genuine laughter apart from fake laughter also transcends (超越) cultures? 　　Greg Bryant, a professor of communication at the University of California, Los Angeles, US, published a study in Psychological Science in late July in which he found that people are able to identify real laughter through slight variations in sound. 　　In the study, 884 people from 21 countries were asked to listen to random recordings of laughter. Some of the recordings were made up of natural laughs, while others were made by people who were asked to laugh on command. 　　The study showed that people around the world have the ability to pick out real laughter, although their abilities vary from country to country. Residents of the Samoan Islands, an island chain in the central South Pacific, were particularly good at it, correctly identifying real laughter 56 percent of the time. According to Bryant, people from smaller, less industrialized nations “are more accurate in identifying a natural smile” because they rely heavily on emotional engagement (联系) in order to predict others' behaviour and create stronger social relationships. 　　But how do people from different cultures detect natural laughter so easily? And what traits does real laughter have? As Professor Jessica Wolf of the University of California, Los Angeles, told the Association for Psychological Science, in real laughter, our vocal chords (声带) “produce qualities such as higher pitch (音调) and volume, as well as faster bursts of unclear sounds and more non-tonal (无语调的) noise”． 　　By contrast, fake laughter will “sound like speech”. According to Science Daily, fake laughter is controlled by the same brain system that controls the lips and tongue. 　　Bryant further explained that this system has an imitative capacity, saying “with this speech system, you can make a lot of different noises, including crying, laughter or a shriek (尖叫) of pain. That's where fake laughter comes from.” 　　So that's something to think about the next time one of your friends laughs at something you said. Will you be able to tell if it's real or fake? 5．What did Bryant discover about people's ability to distinguish between real and fake laughter? A．People from different backgrounds laugh in different ways. B．It has greatly improved in recent years. C．People can identify natural laughter by small differences in the voice. D．Not all people are born with this ability. 6．What can we conclude from the fourth and fifth paragraphs? A．Samoans did best in picking out real laughter in the study. B．People from developing countries are usually not good at detecting natural laughter. C．People across cultures have different abilities to identify real laughter. D．The better one's social relationships, the more accurate one can identify real laughter. 7．What is the natural laughter usually characterised by? A．A lower pitch. B．A higher volume. C．Clear, loud sounds. D．Slow bursts of toneless noise. 8．What do we know about fake laughter? A．It is difficult to imitate. B．It sounds like high-pitched speech. C．It is produced by a speech system in the brain. D．It is often accompanied with different noises. 五、完形填空 I woke up in a good mood but there was only one thing on my mind: what to wear. A billion thoughts 1 through my brain. It was my first day of high school in a new state; first 2 are everything, and it was necessary to impress the people who I'd spend the next four years with. 　　It was the fact that this was my third time being the new kid that 3 me to madness. 4 moving does something to a child's development. I 5 to find reliable friends. But this time Dad's company 6 my starting and finishing high school in the same place. This time mattered, which made me nervous. 　　I appeared proudly in a patterned dress after searching my closet. I felt just as 7 as I stepped off the bus. But my jaw dropped when I found Mrs Hutfilz, my English teacher, wearing the same 8 as I did. I kept my head down and tiptoed to my seat, but the first day meant 9 in front of the class, and 10 it was my turn. I made it through my one-minute introduction speech, until Hutfilz stood up, 11 adding that she liked my style. All the 12 in the morning surprisingly 13 . I cracked a smile. My smile 14 as I giggled with my peers. After class, I stayed behind, sharing with Mrs Hutfilz my previous understanding about coming into a new school and state. I was relieved to make a humorous and genuine 15 with my first teacher in the coming days. 　　 1．A．raced B．broke C．forced D．crashed 2．A．experiences B．impressions C．comments D．expectations 3．A．related B．attracted C．drove D．switched 4．A．Random B．Permanent C．Regular D．Frequent 5．A．rejected B．struggled C．challenged D．appreciated 6．A．ensured B．admitted C．reflected D．deserved 7．A．nervous B．doubtful C．emotive D．confident 8．A．fashion B．design C．dress D．uniform 9．A．introductions B．performances C．lectures D．debates 10．A．on occasion B．soon enough C．no wonder D．in fact 11．A．casually B．seriously C．honestly D．jokingly 12．A．sympathy B．thrill C．anxiety D．guilt 13．A．held up B．melted away C．passed down D．carried on 14．A．froze B．faded C．grew D．formed 15．A．connection B．adjustment C．commitment D．negotiation 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Period 1 Topic talk & What’s so funny?分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、品句填词 1．Every honest worker deserves(应受到) fair compensation, which is a fundamental rule of social justice. 2．There's tension and anxiety(焦虑) from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. 3．The wait time allows the arteries (动脉) to return to the condition prior to taking the blood pressure measurement(测量). 4．Today's food was particularly delicious, which gave the cat a good appetite(胃口) around the house to catch mice. 5．This industry may consume(消费) large amounts of energy. 6．This is an opportunity to enhance(增强) the reputation of our city. 7．There are no significant(明显的) differences between the two groups of students. 8．Though he had a hard time, he chose to pretend(假装) to his family that everything was fine. 9．He was really confused(困惑的) by the difficult problem which also bothered other people for a long time. 10．With a goal in mind, you will be amazed at your potential(潜力) if you strive for that goal. 二、根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．When chatting with my friends, I use Chinglish from time to time(不时地), which is funny. 2．They will not laugh at(嘲笑) you just for making a mistake. 3．Her bravery has given him the will to carry on(继续) with his life and his work. 4．There are many treasures for sale(待售) in that antique shop, each one full of historical charm, making people unable to help but wonder! 5．Everyone is always on the go, while I am used to(习惯于) the peace and quiet of our village. 6．According to(根据) this study, women have made notable gains. 7．When you feel down(情绪低落), depressed and low about yourself, it automatically drives people away. 8．There was no one to turn to(求助于) and no one to tell. 9．I'd like to give away(献出) all I have to get back my happy childhood. 10．The drainage(排水) system has collapsed because of(由于) too much rain. 三、完成句子/句型转换/一句多译 1．客人到达时，我会确保一切井然有序。(介词＋宾语从句) I'll see to it that everything is in good order when the guests arrive. 2．He was confused with the present situation, so he was at a loss what to do next. →Confused with the present situation, he was at a loss what to do next.(形容词短语作状语) 3．You'd better arrive ahead of time, which is very important to show your politeness. →You'd better arrive ahead of time, which is of great significance to show your politeness. 4．She pretended that she was listening, but actually her mind was wandering. →She pretended to be listening, but actually her mind was wandering. 5．令他尴尬的是，他不知道正在发生什么。 (1)To his embarrassment, he had no idea of what was going on.(embarrassment n．) (2)What embarrassed him was that he had no idea of what was going on.(embarrass v．；what引导主语从句) (3)It embarrassed him that he had no idea of what was going on.(embarrass v．；it作形式主语) 三、课文完型填空【改编自Lesson 1】 　　A middle-aged man was feeling very down. Everything had been going 1 for him. He had had problems at work and his wife had left him for another man. So, after he had been feeling 2 for over a month, he decided to go to the doctor. He had to wait for what seemed like ages in the doctor's surgery. The bleeding man next to him was looking at his watch 3 ； a woman was coughing and sneezing badly; and a baby was screaming. Finally, after he had been waiting for about half an hour, he was 4 in for his consultation. The doctor was writing a note at her desk when he came in. “Sorry, I'm just finishing something. I'm afraid we've been very 5 this morning.” She then turned to the man. “So, what's the 6 ？” she asked. “Well, I've been having a bit of crisis，” replied the man. “Mmm, you're looking very pale.” The doctor started to 7 him. “Well, everything is working OK，” she announced afterwards. “You have slightly high blood 8 and you're breathing quite heavily, but otherwise everything's fine.” 1．A．wrong B．right C．smooth D．strange 2．A．happy B．depressed C．excited D．calm 3．A．nervously B．calmly C．happily D．eagerly 4．A．pushed B．invited C．forced D．called 5．A．lazy B．free C．busy D．quiet 6．A．news B．advice C．solution D．problem 7．A．educate B．warn C．examine D．consult 8．A．fat B．pressure C．sugar D．problem 答案：1～5.ABADC　6～8.DCB 四、阅读理解 A 　　There is an English saying: “Laughter is the best medicine.” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found that laughter really can improve people's health. 　　 　　Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their hearts, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter had effects similar to physical exercise. It decreases blood pressure, the heart beating and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial. 　　Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programmes. The group that tolerated (忍耐) the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny programme. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish both stress and pain. 　　As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they help to improve their patients' condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter. 　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了笑能够使人的大脑产生一种化学物质，从而改善身体状况，减少压力和痛苦。 1．Which of the following has not been proved by doctors? A．Smiling does good to health. B．Laughter can be tolerated. C．There is a way to reduce pain. D．Laughter can work the muscles in the feet. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They have found that...improve people's health.”、第二段中的“It was found that laughter...and even the feet.”及第三段中的“Other tests have shown that...pain on the body.”可知，医生没有证明笑可以被忍受。 2．Which group of students tolerated the pain for the longest time? A．The students who listened to different radio programmes. B．The students who could produce a kind of chemical. C．The students who didn't have stress of pain. D．The students who listened to a funny programme. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The group that tolerated...listened to a funny programme.”可知，听娱乐节目的人忍受疼痛的时间最长。 3．Which of the following word is similar to the underlined word “diminish” in paragraph 3? A．Test. B．Stop. C．Reduce. D．Increase. C　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“The reason why laughter can reduce pain”可知，画线词与reduce对应，指能减轻压力和痛苦。 4．What's the main idea of the passage? A．Laughter and physical exercise have similar effects on the human body. B．Smile can produce the same effects as laughter. C．Pain can be reduced by laughter. D．Laughter is the best medicine. D　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“There is an English saying: ‘Laughter is the best medicine.’”可知，本文主要讲的是笑是最好的良药。 B 　　(2024·鄄城一中高二月考)Laughter is a kind of universal body language that's shared by people of all nationalities, skin colours, cultures and traditions. But did you know that the ability to tell genuine laughter apart from fake laughter also transcends (超越) cultures? 　　Greg Bryant, a professor of communication at the University of California, Los Angeles, US, published a study in Psychological Science in late July in which he found that people are able to identify real laughter through slight variations in sound. 　　In the study, 884 people from 21 countries were asked to listen to random recordings of laughter. Some of the recordings were made up of natural laughs, while others were made by people who were asked to laugh on command. 　　The study showed that people around the world have the ability to pick out real laughter, although their abilities vary from country to country. Residents of the Samoan Islands, an island chain in the central South Pacific, were particularly good at it, correctly identifying real laughter 56 percent of the time. According to Bryant, people from smaller, less industrialized nations “are more accurate in identifying a natural smile” because they rely heavily on emotional engagement (联系) in order to predict others' behaviour and create stronger social relationships. 　　But how do people from different cultures detect natural laughter so easily? And what traits does real laughter have? As Professor Jessica Wolf of the University of California, Los Angeles, told the Association for Psychological Science, in real laughter, our vocal chords (声带) “produce qualities such as higher pitch (音调) and volume, as well as faster bursts of unclear sounds and more non-tonal (无语调的) noise”． 　　By contrast, fake laughter will “sound like speech”. According to Science Daily, fake laughter is controlled by the same brain system that controls the lips and tongue. 　　Bryant further explained that this system has an imitative capacity, saying “with this speech system, you can make a lot of different noises, including crying, laughter or a shriek (尖叫) of pain. That's where fake laughter comes from.” 　　So that's something to think about the next time one of your friends laughs at something you said. Will you be able to tell if it's real or fake? 　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们有区分真笑与假笑的能力以及如何区分真笑与假笑。 5．What did Bryant discover about people's ability to distinguish between real and fake laughter? A．People from different backgrounds laugh in different ways. B．It has greatly improved in recent years. C．People can identify natural laughter by small differences in the voice. D．Not all people are born with this ability. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“he found that people are able to identify real laughter through slight variations in sound”可知，布莱恩特发现了人们可以通过声音的微小差异来分辨出真正的笑声。 6．What can we conclude from the fourth and fifth paragraphs? A．Samoans did best in picking out real laughter in the study. B．People from developing countries are usually not good at detecting natural laughter. C．People across cultures have different abilities to identify real laughter. D．The better one's social relationships, the more accurate one can identify real laughter. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The study showed that people...their abilities vary from country to country.”可知，不同文化背景的人辨别真笑的能力不同。 7．What is the natural laughter usually characterised by? A．A lower pitch. B．A higher volume. C．Clear, loud sounds. D．Slow bursts of toneless noise. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“in real laughter, our vocal chords ‘produce qualities...more non-tonal noise’”可知，自然的笑通常音调和音量更高。 8．What do we know about fake laughter? A．It is difficult to imitate. B．It sounds like high-pitched speech. C．It is produced by a speech system in the brain. D．It is often accompanied with different noises. C　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“with this speech system...where fake laughter comes from”可知，假笑是由大脑中的语言系统产生的。 五、完形填空 I woke up in a good mood but there was only one thing on my mind: what to wear. A billion thoughts 1 through my brain. It was my first day of high school in a new state; first 2 are everything, and it was necessary to impress the people who I'd spend the next four years with. 　　It was the fact that this was my third time being the new kid that 3 me to madness. 4 moving does something to a child's development. I 5 to find reliable friends. But this time Dad's company 6 my starting and finishing high school in the same place. This time mattered, which made me nervous. 　　I appeared proudly in a patterned dress after searching my closet. I felt just as 7 as I stepped off the bus. But my jaw dropped when I found Mrs Hutfilz, my English teacher, wearing the same 8 as I did. I kept my head down and tiptoed to my seat, but the first day meant 9 in front of the class, and 10 it was my turn. I made it through my one-minute introduction speech, until Hutfilz stood up, 11 adding that she liked my style. All the 12 in the morning surprisingly 13 . I cracked a smile. My smile 14 as I giggled with my peers. After class, I stayed behind, sharing with Mrs Hutfilz my previous understanding about coming into a new school and state. I was relieved to make a humorous and genuine 15 with my first teacher in the coming days. 　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在开学第一天穿了和老师一样的裙子，她非常尴尬和紧张，但老师的一句玩笑话让作者的焦虑消失了的故事。 1．A．raced B．broke C．forced D．crashed A　解析：根据上文“there was only one thing on my mind: what to wear”可知，作者对于穿什么十分在意，因此绞尽脑汁地想穿什么更好。race through one's brain意为“飞速地出现在脑海里”。 2．A．experiences B．impressions C．comments D．expectations B　解析：根据下文“and it was necessary to impress...the next four years with”可知，作者认为第一印象(impression)很重要。 3．A．related B．attracted C．drove D．switched C　解析：根据“that this was my third time being the new kid that_________me to madness”可知，正是作者第三次当新学生这个事实使(drive)她疯狂。 4．A．Random B．Permanent C．Regular D．Frequent D　解析：根据上文“this was my third time being the new kid”可推知，作者不断搬家、换学校。因此此处表示频繁的(frequent)搬家对孩子的成长有影响。 5．A．rejected B．struggled C．challenged D．appreciated B　解析：根据上文“this was my third time being the new kid”和“_________moving does something to a child's development.”可知，搬家对作者有影响，作者需要努力(struggle)去寻找可信赖的朋友。 6．A．ensured B．admitted C．reflected D．deserved A　解析：根据上文“the people who I'd spend the next four years with”和下文“my starting and finishing high school in the same place”可推知，这次作者的爸爸的公司确保(ensure)作者在同一个地方开始和完成高中学业。 7．A．nervous B．doubtful C．emotive D．confident D　解析：根据上文“I appeared proudly in a patterned dress”可知，作者穿着带花样图案的裙子出现时很骄傲，下公交车时也同样自信(confident)。 8．A．fashion B．design C．dress D．uniform C　解析：根据上文“I appeared proudly in a patterned dress”可知，作者的英语老师穿着和她一模一样的连衣裙(dress)。 9．A．introductions B．performances C．lectures D．debates A　解析：根据下文“I made it through my one-minute introduction speech”可知，上学第一天意味着要在全班同学面前做自我介绍(introduction)。 10．A．on occasion B．soon enough C．no wonder D．in fact B　解析：根据下文“it was my turn”可知，很快(soon enough)就轮到作者做自我介绍了。 11．A．casually B．seriously C．honestly D．jokingly D　解析：根据下文“adding that she liked my style”可知，老师看到作者和自己穿着一样的裙子，开玩笑地(jokingly)补充说她喜欢作者的风格。 12．A．sympathy B．thrill C．anxiety D．guilt C　解析：根据上文“This time mattered, which made me nervous.”可知，作者早上感到很紧张和焦虑，此时老师的一句玩笑话让她所有的焦虑(anxiety)都消失(melt away)了。 13．A．held up B．melted away C．passed down D．carried on B　解析：参见上题解析。 14．A．froze B．faded C．grew D．formed C　解析：根据上文“I cracked a smile.”可知，当作者和同龄人一起咯咯地笑时，她的笑容增多(grow)了。 15．A．connection B．adjustment C．commitment D．negotiation A　解析：根据上文内容及语境可知，在接下来的日子里，作者与她的第一个老师建立了幽默而真诚的联系(connection)。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$