Unit 4 Achievements 重点词汇归纳 清单-2024-2025学年高中英语沪教版（2020）必修第二册

学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 4 · 1. gain 1）v. ① 获得，赢得；增加；取得 gain…from… 从…中获得… The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise. ②（钟表）走得太快 My watch gains two minutes. 3）n.（财富的）增加；收益 [U]；好处；利益 [C] No pain, no gain. 一分耕耘，一分收获。 A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。 · 2. attract v. 吸引 attract sb. to sth. 把某人吸引到某事上 be attracted to 喜爱；被…吸引 My youngest sister is attracted to music and dreams of becoming a musician. be attracted by 被…吸引 Many people have been attracted by the idea of working in China. attract one’s attention/ interest 吸引某人注意力 He shouted to attract public attention. [词形转换] 1）attraction n. 吸引 have much attraction for 对…很有吸引力 2）attractive adj. 有吸引力的 be attractive to 对…有吸引力 · 3. target 1）n. 目标 The university will reach its target of 5000 students next September. on target 如期 The new sports complex is on target to open in June. 2）v. 面向，对准；把…作为目标 The missiles’ were mainly targeted at the United States. · 4. approach 1）n.（待人接物或思考、处理问题的）方法，方式，态度；（距离或时间上的）靠近；接洽 the/ an approach to (doing) sth. 做某事的方式 The school has decided to adopt a different approach to discipline. (at) the approach of sth.（在）某事来临的时候 2）v. ①（在距离或时间上）接近；接洽 Winter is approaching. ② 着手处理，对付 One of the best ways of approaching the traffic problems is to encourage people to take public transport. [易混辨析] approach/ way/ means/ method/ manner 易混词 用法 approach 指待人接物或思考问题的方式、方法；尤指学习、研究、解决问题的方法和步骤的统称。常用搭配：the approach to (doing) sth. way 普通常用词，指做某事的具体方法。常用搭配：the way to do, the way of doing, in this way means 指整套的方法或某些工具、材料、交通工具等，单复同形。常用搭配：by means of, the means of doing method 指有条理的、系统的方法或做某事的固定套路。常用搭配：the method of doing, with this method, teaching method manner 多指特殊方式或独特的方法，与动作有关。常用搭配：the manner of doing, in a…manner · 5. attack 1）n. 袭击，攻击；抨击；（疾病的）发作 under attack 遭到袭击 When a plant is under attack, it sends out a particular smell, which seems to be an alarm. 2）v. 袭击；抨击 The company has been fiercely attacked for its decision to close the factory. · 6. sharp 1）adj. ① adj. 锋利的 A sharp knife makes a clean cut. ② adj. 急转弯的 I was approaching a fairly sharp bend that swept downhill to the left. ③ adj. 急剧的 There has been a sharp rise in the number of people out of work. ⑤ adj. 尖锐的；刺耳的 She tried hard to move, but could not, until a sharp sound awoke her. be sharp with sb. 对某人严厉 He was very sharp with me when I was late. 2）adv.（用于表示时间的词语后，表示准时）…整 Please be here at seven o’clock sharp. [词形转换] 1）sharpen v. 使锋利；使提高 2）sharpener n. 卷笔刀 · 7. strength n. 力气，体力；优势 strengths and weaknesses 优缺点 go from strength to strength 不断壮大 with all one’s strength 用尽全力 [词形转换] 1）strengthen v. 加强；巩固；（风、水流等）增大 Repairs are necessary to strengthen the bridge. · 8. wrap v. 包、裹；（用手臂等）围住 wrap sth. in sth. 用…包裹… wrap sth. around sb./ sth. 把…围在…上 A red scarf was wrapped around his neck. wrap up（使）穿得暖和 wrap…up… 把…包起来 be wrapped up in 把全部精力放在某事上（以至于没有时间关心别的事） · 9. bite 1）n. 咬；（咬下的）一口 take/ have a bite of sth. 咬一口 My daughter takes pity on Snow White who took a bite of the poisonous apple. 2）v. 咬；叮 Once bitten, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。 bite off 咬下某物 bite one’s tongue 强忍住不说 It’s wise to bite your tongue on controversial issues. · 10. defeat 1）v. 战胜，打败 We shall in no way let reason be defeated by impulse. 2）n. 战胜，击败；失败 I never consider the possibility of defeat. · 11. destroy vt. 摧毁；毁灭 First, this can destroy an artist’s career. [词形转换] 1）destruction n. 毁灭 2）destructive adj. 毁灭性的 · 12. struggle 1）v. 奋斗，拼搏；努力；挣扎 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 She’s struggling to bring up her poverty-stricken family alone. struggle for… 为…而奋斗 He is struggling for a bigger say in decision-making. struggle with… 与…斗争 struggle against… 与…作斗争/抗争 They had to struggle against all kinds of adversity. 2）n. 奋斗；斗争；努力；拼搏 · 13. sink 1）v.（使）下沉；（使）沉没；下降；颓然坐下；倒下；恶化；陷入；衰退 be sunk in thought 陷入沉思 When he saw the picture of his childhood, he was sunk in deep thought. sb’s heart sinks 心情沉重；情绪低落 Her heart sank as the list ended without her name. 2）n. 洗碗池；洗涤槽 Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. · 14. curious adj. 好奇的；稀奇古怪的；不寻常的 be curious about… 对…好奇 In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website. be curious to do sth. 想要做某事 People gathered round, curious to know what was happening. [词形转换] 1）curiosity n. 好奇心 Curiosity killed the cat. 好奇心害死猫。 out of curiosity 出于好奇 The letter wasn’t addressed to me, but I opened it out of curiosity. · 15. request 1）n. 要求，请求；要求的事 at the request of sb./ at sb’s request 应某人的要求 We arrived there before 7 at her request. make a request for… 请求/要求… 2）v. 请求；要求 request sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不）做某事 You are kindly requested not to smoke. · 16. lack 1）v. 缺乏；没有 The house lacks basic furniture. 2）n. 缺乏；匮乏；短缺 (a) lack of… 缺乏… A lack of food made people suffer. for lack of… 由于缺乏… He was fired by the boss for lack of skills. no lack of… 不乏… [词形转换] 1）lacking adj. 缺乏的 be lacking in… 缺乏… The painting is lacking in originality. · 17. failure n. 1）失败的人或事；失败 2）未做，未履行（应做之事） failure to do sth. 未做的事 Failure to observe all park rules could result in being driven out of the park. 3）故障，失灵 [词形转换] 1）fail v. 失败；未能（做到） fail to do sth. 未能做某事 She failed to get into the art college. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$