2025年山东省中考英语三轮冲刺精选精练：选词填空-短文（2）

2025年山东省中考英语三轮冲刺精选精练：选词填空-短文（2） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 1. help, it, with, lucky, one, piece, large, if, but, for, when In the summer of 1996, some strange-looking fossilized bones (骨骼化石) were dug up by a man in a dried-up lake. He was a farmer in the eastern part of China, who wondered:Could these be the remains (遗迹) of an ancient dragon? Not quite. Finally the study showed us that the bones actually belonged to a meat-eating dinosaur (恐龙), and(1) ______ name was Sinosauropteryx prima (中华龙鸟). It was(2) ______ than the size of a common chicken which lived about 120 million years ago. It was the(3) ______ time to find fossils of dinosaurs in Liaoning, and it was the earliest one with feathers (羽毛). So, scientists said that Sinosauropteryx prima might have had tiny feathers, which is similar to the chicken. They have something in common! It may sound crazy(4) ______ in fact not. Most scientists think today's birds and dinosaurs are relatives. However, not everyone believes it. Many scientists wonder(5) ______ some dinosaurs had feathers. Some bird scientists suggest that the feather-like structures (结构) may be(6) ______ of scales (鳞片). Whatever they are, they are not the right size and shape(7) ______ flying. It's not easy to prove this because feathers are so weak that they usually rot (腐烂) away without a trace (踪迹). (8) ______ , the fossils showed a lot of details (细节). For the study of the relationship between birds and dinosaurs, these details are very(9) ______ . Yet still nobody knows(10) ______ and why feathers appeared on the earth. Scientists hope to solve the puzzle (谜题) by studying the area where the fossils were found. "These beds date to a time when flowering plants and binds appeared, " says a professor. "The discovery of this area is just as important as going to Mars. " (1)            (2)            (3)            (4)            (5)            (6)            (7)            (8)            (9)            (10)            2. hardly herself unless during look after (1) Tom made lots of friends            his life as a student. (2) Little Bob won't go to sleep            his mother tells him a story. (3) Mr.King            by his aunt when he was a baby. (4) Mary had to cook dinner            while her parents were away. (5) The speaker's voice was so low that Nancy could            hear him. 3. because，at ，someone，first，much，invention，thank，moon ，develop ，about ，if，hardworking， If you have ever looked through a telescope（望远镜），you might want to （1） ______ Galileo.He was born in 1564 in Italy.He was a bright and （2） ______ boy who was also talented in art and music.His father hoped he would become a doctor. However，Galileo liked math so （3） ______ that he decided to study it.He did well in school and he tried his best to pay the cost of school （4） ______ his family was poor.He was also helping to support his younger brother's studies.He tried to invent some things to make money. One day，he heard that （5） ______ had invented a spyglass（小望远镜）.He learned that the instrument could show faraway things as if they were nearby.It could magnify（放大）things to appear up to three times bigger!Galileo decided to （6） ______ one of his own.He quickly understood how the spyglass worked and made improvements.He named his improved spyglass the telescope.It could magnify things up to ten times. He continued to make improvements to his （7） ______ .One night，he pointed his telescope towards the night sky.He made his （8） ______ space observation（观察）.Up until then，everyone thought that the surface of the （9） ______ was smooth!However，with his telescope，Galileo saw that the moon was covered with many bumps（隆起） and craters （火山口）.The telescope also showed many more stars.With it，Galileo was able to make many important discoveries （10） ______ space. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 4. across     fast     mouth     take     a piece of A dog found some meat. He got it and ran away as     1     as he could. On his way home, he had to go    2    a small river. Just as he was going over, he looked down. In the river, he saw a dog with     3     meat. "I must have that meat, too." he said. "I     4     it from that dog." As he opened his     5    , his own piece fell, and was lost in the water. (1)            (2)            (3)            (4)            (5)            5. dream name whole the rest height on the playground (1) It's a tradition of this city to            its streets after great people. (2) The baby can say single words but not            sentences. (3) A true friend is someone who walks in when            of the world walks out. (4) Zhu Yangzhu，the pride of Xuzhou，has realized his            of being an astronaut through years of hard work. (5) Li Ming hopes to get the chance to raise the national flag            . 6. guess; proud; cartoon; against; at; least (1) It is our duty to protect the forest            fires. (2) Which            character do you like better，Superman or Spiderman？ (3) She was very            to be chosen as a volunteer for the 19th Asian Games. (4) The doctor advised me to take exercise            four times a week to keep fit. (5) A clever English learner often            the meanings of the new words when he reads. 7. long; when; so; schoolbag; for a while Donna is a primary school student who loves playing with little animals. One day, on her way to school, she saw a homeless cat sitting in a box.   (1)   the cat saw Donna, it jumped out of the box and began to miaow. The cat was   (2)   cute that Donna couldn't help but start playing with it. The   (3)   Donna played with the cat, the more she liked it. The cat seemed to love Donna too and followed her along the way. Donna looked at the cute cat, thought   (4)   and decided to take the cat to school with her. She put the cat in her   (5)   and headed for school. around; catch; even; possible; take out After Donna arrived at school, she quietly walked into the classroom. She opened her bag to   (6)   her textbooks. However, the cat jumped out of the schoolbag and started running   (7)   the classroom. It climbed into a desk, hid under a chair, and   (8)   jumped on to the teacher's desk. Just at that moment, the teacher stepped into the classroom. She   (9)   the cat gently and told Donna that animals were not allowed to take to school. She advised her to take it home or to the animal centre if   (10)  . Donna smiled sweetly and followed her teacher's words. What a nice day! (1)            (2)            (3)            (4)            (5)            (6)            (7)            (8)            (9)            (10)            8. in front of; move; member; happy; complete The Shenzhou XV mission (飞行任务) crew (乘组) returned to Earth on June 4 after a six-month mission. The crew (1) ______ are Fei Junlong, Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu. After everything was ready, the astronauts were carried out of the capsule (返回舱) one by one and placed on chairs (2) ______ the capsule. Then, the astronauts shared their feelings and thoughts with a reporter from CCTV in a live program. Fei said, "We have(3) ______ our tasks before returning safely to Earth. We are all in good condition. " Deng said, "I expected the chance to fly into space for twenty-five years. It was the (4) ______ moment of my life to know that I could be in the mission. " Zhang said, " We will go back to training as soon as possible. We will always be ready to return to space. " After the interview, the astronauts were (5) ______ away for health checks. (1)            (2)            9. nearby happen steal hour feel Last year，my friends and I went on a trip.We started early in the morning and traveled for several（1） ______ on a bus.When we arrived，everyone was tired. While we were getting off the bus，I noticed a young man，probably in his early twenties，standing very close to one of my friends.Suddenly，I realized that he was trying to（2） ______ my friend's wallet from her bag!I（3） ______ really nervous，but I knew I had to take action to stop him.Luckily，I saw two police officers standing（4） ______ and got an idea.So I fell over and cried out painfully.The police officers heard that and came over to help.When they were by my side，I told them what was（5） ______ .They caught the thief right away. After that，we thanked the police officers and went on with our trip happily. (1)            (2)            (3)            (4)            (5)            10. A.attractive B.excitedly C.explorers D.lonely E.points Mr.Lin said to the kids，"See the stars in the sky？Those （1） ______ of bright light can form shapes.Can you see the group of stars over there？It looks like a giant spoon.It's the Big Dipper." "Wow，interesting!"said Amy，who was looking through a telescope."So many stars!I never knew the nighttime sky could be so （2） ______ ." "Really？Let me have a look，"said Lucy. Lucy looked through the telescope for a while and shouted （3） ______ ，"A bright light is going fast in the sky!" "That's a shooting star（流星）!"said Mr.Lin. "This is fun，"said Amy."Tonight we have been the star （4） ______ ." "Yes，"said Lucy."I really enjoy looking at the stars now." "So you've found the answer to your question，right？"Mr.Lin said to Lucy. (1) (2) (3) (4) 11. Chinese Customs usually；during；child；luck；clean (1) People            the house before Spring Festival every year. (2) On Mid- Autumn Day，Chinese people            have a family dinner. (3) Most people like to wear red on important days because red is a            colour. 12. A.cried out B.moved C.observe D.over E.return This was the last day of the camping trip.When afternoon activities were （1） ______ ，the kids couldn't wait to play games in their tents.But Mr.Lin said to them，"Your last task here is to（2） ______ the nighttime sky and describe what you see." "Oh no!"All the kids （3） ______ . "Is it fun looking at the sky at night？"asked Lucy. Mr.Lin smiled，"I hope you will find the answer yourself." After dinner，the kids （4） ______ their telescopes out of the tents.Amy looked at the moon and said to Lucy，"Do you know the moon's light comes from the sun？It's funny that it's called moonlight." "Yes，"said Lucy，still thinking about playing in the tent. (1) (2) (3) (4) 13. long；invent；depend on；at the end of；make a speech；put up； play chess；hand out；the pride of；pay attention to (1) Fresh water is important.Life on Earth            it. (2) The Yellow River is China's second            river after the Yangtze. (3) The exchange students from Australia will arrive            June. (4) Simon always stays up late.Doctor Ma advises him            his health. (5) These volunteers            the tent already.Let's say thanks to them. (6) -Sandy，where is Millie？ -She            new books in the classroom. (7) Tomorrow I'll visit my grandparents.I            with my grandpa. (8) How great these Chinese astronauts are!They are            our country. (9) Professor Wang            on teenage problems to us at 2 yesterday afternoon. (10) Papermaking is one of the four great            from ancient China. 14. always among and answer believe big but city grow seldom they whenever As summer comes around，outdoor activities are getting more and more popular.One of（1） ______ is bike riding，or biking.The biking craze（热潮） is now sweeping through China. Wang Jing is a student from Hangzhou.She（2） ______ exercised before because she didn't like sports much.But since her hometown hosted the Asian Games in 2023，her interest in sports has （3） ______ a lot.She has realized the benefits of sports（4） ______ is now a big fan of biking. "I feel free and peaceful（5） ______ I ride，"Wang said."Biking allows me to experience the beauty along the road and the world seems to slow down，"she added.Wang is only one of those who are deeply in love with biking.In（6） ______ like Chengdu and Beijing，thousands of people have started to join in the biking craze. Will the craze in China last for a long time？The（7） ______ is"Yes."Thanks to the craze，there have been events like group rides and bike festivals.These create a sense of community（8） ______ bikers.They share road information，biking experience and sometimes even meals.They are just like a（9） ______ family.As biking has become a lifestyle，experts（10） ______ that this biking craze will continue.They expect a sharp increase in the number of bike riders. (1)            (2)            (3)            (4)            (5)            (6)            (7)            (8)            (9)            (10)            15.请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 it either be because what else by invent clean popular habit hundred There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put (1) ______ in the bathroom. Without it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess (2) ______ it is? Yes, it's the toothbrush. But do you know anything about its history? According to some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people (3) ______ their teeth with some small tree branches (树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo. It might (4) ______ the world's earliest form of toothbrushes. As time went (5) ______ , the forms of toothbrushes changed. For example, people chose horse-tail hair instead of pig hair (6) ______ pig hair was too hard. Imagine that you travel back to (7) ______ of years ago and brush your teeth comfortably. It sounds fantastic, doesn't it? Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became (8) ______ among local people soon. The (9) ______ of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very useful in daily life. Today we have a good (10) ______ of brushing teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it. (1)            (2)            (3)            (4)            (5)            (6)            (7)            (8)            (9)            (10)            16. usual；well；cold；rich；hold；find；they；live；friendship；and Once a poor man hoped for good luck and （1） ______ a tree in the wild.He took it home and grew more trees from its seeds（种子）.This really made him a （2） ______ man，so he named it the money tree.People say that the trunk（树干） of the money tree can （3） ______ luck in it.The five leaves stand for metal（金属），wood，water，fire（4） ______ earth—the five things of balance.That's why Chinese people like the money tree （5） ______ than other plants. Now the Chinese money tree is popular for those celebrating Lunar New Year.People believe it can bring good luck into （6） ______ life.People also give the tree to friends or to new neighbors to show （7） ______ .This plant can get to 15 meters tall，but we （8） ______ see them as desktop plants of maybe a 1.2—1.5 meter tree. The tree is very easy to care for and can （9） ______ for years.It grows best in temperature between 18℃ and 27℃.It's better to keep the tree away from （10） ______ air.Don't put it near an outside door. (1)            (2)            (3)            (4)            (5)            (6)            (7)            (8)            (9)            (10)            17. able because children different keep monkey read stick turn traditional The Monkey King or Sun Wukong is the main character in the （1） ______ Chinese book Journey to the West. In the book，the Monkey King is not just any normal （2） ______ .In fact，he sometimes does not even look like a monkey!This is （3） ______ he can make 72 changes to his shape and size，changing himself into （4） ______ animals and objects.But unless he can hide his tail，he cannot （5） ______ himself into a man.To fight bad people，the Monkey King uses a magic （6） ______ .Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.At other times，he is （7） ______ to make it big and long. The Monkey King has excited the （8） ______ of China for many years.They are interested in （9） ______ this story because the clever Monkey King （10） ______ fighting to help the weak and never gives up. (1)            (2)            (3)            (4)            (5)            (6)            (7)            (8)            (9)            (10)            18. success how send education villager they without hard-working receive really On May 15，2023，the Activity of Choosing People Who Moved Liangshan in 2022 was held in Xichang.Ten people （1）            the proud prize.Among them was Lou Se'er whose four children got into the famous universities in China.Two of them are studying in Tsinghua University.He was given a special prize by the government on October 31st，2022.It's impossible for him to get such special prizes（2）            the great effort. Luo and his wife live in a small mountain village in Butuo.They have a common and hard life as most other（3）            in their neighborhood.They have little education，but how can they bring up four excellent children？Luo told reporters about his "secrets of（4）            education." "I hope my children can get more education and have a better future，" said Luo. "My wife and I faced lots of challenges and difficulties.We don't know（5）            to read or write.We can hardly count." They（6）            realized the importance of education for their children.They made up their minds（7）            them to good schools.They can't help their children with studying at home during weekends，summer and winter vacations.The children have to learn by（8）            and sometimes the elder brothers helped their younger brother and sister.They studied very hard and made great progress in examinations. "My all children are in good universities.In fact，there is no secret.It's just a whole-hearted decision，I together with my wife will support them all the time as long as they need.We think（9）            plays a very important role towards success，" added Luo. Many people are touched by the story about the poor family-parents with little education and four（10）            children.They believe that the Luos' life must become better and better. 19. give, come, read, empty, do, pick, use, walk, write, call, answer Bottles have been used to "send" messages for a long time. Usually the messages(1) ______ on paper, and then the paper is rolled (卷) up and put into a bottle. After the bottle is closed, it will be thrown into the sea and begin to float (漂流) until it(2) ______ to land. Usually the bottles are never seen again, but sometimes they can be found. A woman named Tonya and her son(3) ______ on the beach in Australia when she saw a colored glass bottle. She(4) ______ up the bottle, which was not round but square. She looked inside and saw sand and something that she thought was a cigarette. Her son(5) ______ the bottle out, in which they found that the "cigarette" was actually a rolled-up message. Tonya and her son dried the message and spread it out. It was a form printed in German. "The writing on the form is light and hard(6) ______ . " Tonya said to her son. "The paper says that the bottle was thrown into the sea in 1886, about 600 miles from the coast of Australia. Do you think it is real? " "Perhaps. But we(7) ______ some research to prove that, or that's only a guess, " said the son. "OK. I(8) ______ my friend in Australia. She works in a museum there. Maybe she can help. " said Tonya. People in Germany heard about the message and bottle. They agreed that the message and bottle seemed real. They said that thousands of bottles were thrown into the sea as an experiment, but only 662 messages were found and sent back to Germany. Some people suggested that Tonya should ask some experts(专家)for help, who can find out its age by(9) ______ C14(碳14). Now Tonya(10) ______ the bottle to the museum in Australia, and it will be exhibited there for the next two years. Whether it is real or not, time will tell. (1)            (2)            (3)            (4)            (5)            (6)            (7)            (8)            (9)            (10)            20.​​​​​​​ speed; since;  plenty of;  pollute;  such as Frogs are an environmental warning system. They have skin which takes in whatever is in the environment. This means that if the environment is   (1)  , a frog's skin takes in the pollution and the frog dies. For this reason, if there's something wrong in the environment, frogs are the first to die. If there are   (2)   frogs, it's a good sign that the environment is healthy. Frog numbers around the world have been dropping at a faster   (3)   in recent years than ever before. Up to 200 kinds of frogs have died out   (4)   1980. This is a disaster. Frogs are needed in the food chain as food for animals like snakes, birds and fish. Frogs are also needed in the food chain to eat insects   (5)   grasshoppers. The world needs frogs. (1)            (2)            (3)            (4)            (5)            答案和解析 1.【答案】【小题1】 its 【小题2】 larger 【小题3】 first 【小题4】 but 【小题5】 if 【小题6】 pieces 【小题7】 for 【小题8】 Luckily 【小题9】 helpful 【小题10】 when 【解析】1.  （1）考查代词。句意：最后，这项研究表明，这些骨头实际上属于一种食肉恐龙，它的名字叫中华龙鸟。空处作定语，指这种食肉恐龙的名字，用it的形容词性物主代词形式its"它的"。故填its。 2.  （2）考查形容词。句意：它比生活在大约1.2亿年前的普通鸡要大。空处作表语，比较恐龙与鸡的大小，large"大的"符合语境，than前用比较级。故填larger。 3.  （3）考查数词。句意：这是辽宁第一次发现恐龙化石，也是最早发现的有羽毛的恐龙化石。这是第一次在辽宁发现恐龙化石，填one的序数词形式first。故填first。 4.  （4）考查连词。句意：这听起来可能很疯狂，但事实并非如此。句子前后是转折关系，用but"但是"连接。故填but。 5.  （5）考查连词。句意：许多科学家想知道某些恐龙是否有羽毛。空处引导宾语从句，结合备选词汇，if"是否"符合语境，科学家不确定恐龙是否有羽毛。故填if。 6.  （6）考查名词。句意：一些鸟类科学家认为，这些羽毛状结构可能是鳞片碎片。修饰鳞片应用piece"一片"，pieces of..."许多片的……"。故填pieces。 7.  （7）考查介词。句意：不管它们是什么，它们的大小和形状都不适合飞行。介词for可表用途。故填for。 8.  （8）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，这些化石显示了许多细节。空处修饰整个句子，用lucky的副词形式。故填Luckily。 9.  （9）考查形容词。句意：对于研究鸟类和恐龙之间的关系，这些细节非常有帮助。此处表示新发现对研究很有帮助，空处用help的形容词helpful作表语。故填helpful。 10.  （10）考查连词。句意：然而，仍然没有人知道这些羽毛何时以及为什么出现在地球上。空处应填连词引导宾语从句，when符合语境，表示没人知道羽毛是何时出现的。故填when。 2.【答案】【小题1】 during 【小题2】 unless 【小题3】 was looked after 【小题4】 herself 【小题5】 hardly 【解析】1. （1）考查介词。句意：汤姆在学生时代交了很多朋友。根据空后his life as a student（学生时代）可知，应是汤姆在学生时代交了很多朋友，故空处应是during"在……期间"。故填：during。 2. （2）考查连词。句意：除非妈妈给小鲍勃讲故事，否则他不会睡觉。根据句意和给出的单词可知，应是除非妈妈给小鲍勃讲故事，否则他不会睡觉，故空处应是unless"除非"，连词，引导条件状语从句。故填：unless。 3. （3）考查被动语态。句意：金先生小时候由他的姑姑照顾。根据句意和给出的单词可知，应是金先生小时候由他的姑姑照顾。主语和动词之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态；根据时间状语从句 when he was a baby.（当他小时候。）可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，构成形式为：was/were done。故填：was looked after。 4. （4）考查代词。句意：玛丽父母不在时，她不得不自己做饭。根据后句while her parents were away.（当父母不在时，）可知，应是她不得不自己做饭，故空处应是herself"她自己"，反身代词。故填：herself。 5. （5）考查副词。句意：演讲者的声音很低，南希几乎听不见。根据空前句The speaker's voice was so low （演讲者的声音很低，）可知，应是南希几乎听不见，故空处应是hardly"几乎不"，副词。故填：hardly。 3.【答案】【小题1】 thank 【小题2】 hardworking 【小题3】 much 【小题4】 because 【小题5】 someone 【小题6】 develop 【小题7】 invention 【小题8】 first 【小题9】 moon 【小题10】 about 【解析】1. 根据If you have ever looked through a telescope（望远镜），you might want to （1） ______ Galileo及备选词汇可知，如果你曾经用望远镜看东西，你可能要感谢伽利略。伽利略发明了望远镜，因此是谢谢thank,动词，want to  do：想要做某事，think此处用动词原形。故填thank。 2. 根据.He was a bright and （2） ______ boy who was also talented in art and music及备选词汇可知，他是一个聪明、勤奋的男孩，在艺术和音乐方面也很有天赋。and连接两个形容词作表语。hardworking：勤奋的，形容词，符合题意。故填hardworking。 3. 根据However，Galileo liked math so （3） ______ that he decided to study it及备选词汇可知，然而，伽利略非常喜欢数学，所以他决定学习数学。此处指的是喜欢数学的程度，用so much"非常"。故填much。 4. 根据He did well in school and he tried his best to pay the cost of school （4） ______ his family was poor.及备选词汇可知：他在学校表现很好，他尽最大努力支付学费，因为他的家庭很穷。上下文是前果后因的关系，用because"因为"引导原因状语从句，故填because。 5. 根据One day，he heard that （5） ______ had invented a spyglass（小望远镜）.及备选词汇可知：一天，他听说有人发明了一种望远镜。someone：某人，复合不定代词。此处做宾语从句的主语。故填someone。 6. 根据Galileo decided to （6） ______ one of his own及备选词汇可知：伽利略决定自己研制一种。decide to do：决定做某事，develop：发展，研制，动词，此处用原形。故填develop。 7. 根据He continued to make improvements to his （7） ______ .及备选词汇可知：他继续改进他的发明。invention发明，可数名词，此处指代伽利略发明的望远镜用单数。故填invention。 8. 根据One night，he pointed his telescope towards the night sky.He made his （8） ______ space observation（观察）及备选词汇可知：他进行了第一次太空观测。first：第一次的，形容词。作前置定语修饰space observation。故填first。 9. 根据下文However，with his telescope，Galileo saw that the moon was covered with many bumps（隆起） and craters （火山口）然而，伽利略用他的望远镜看到月球上布满了​​许多隆起和陨石坑.可知：在那之前，每个人都认为月球表面是光滑的!moon月球，独一无二的事物，用单数。故填moon。 10. 根据.The telescope also showed many more stars.With it，Galileo was able to make many important discoveries （10） ______ space.及备选词汇可知：有了它，伽利略才有了许多关于太空的重要发现。about：关于，介词，此处指的是关于太空的。故填about。 4.【答案】【小题1】 fast 【小题2】 across 【小题3】 a piece of 【小题4】 will take/am going to take 【小题5】 mouth 【解析】1.  【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一只贪婪的狗最后把自己的肉也丢了的故事。 句意：他抓住它，以最快的速度跑开了。根据“ran away as...as he could”可知是尽快跑开，as fast as he could“尽可能快地”。故填fast。 2.  句意：在回家的路上，他不得不穿过一条小河。根据“go...a small river”可知是穿过一条河，across“穿过”。故填across。 3.  句意：在河里，他看见一只狗叼着一块肉。根据“with...meat”可知是有一块肉，a piece of“一块”。故填a piece of。 4.  句意：我要从那条狗那里拿走。根据“it from that dog”可知把肉从那条狗那里拿走，take“拿走”，此处表示将来的动作，用一般将来时will do/be going to do，主语是I，be动词用am。故填will take/am going to take。 5.  句意：当他张开嘴时，自己的肉掉了下来，掉进了水里。根据“As he opened his”可知是张开自己的嘴，mouth“嘴”。故填mouth。 5.【答案】【小题1】 name 【小题2】 whole 【小题3】 the rest 【小题4】 dream 【小题5】 on the playground 【解析】1.  （1）考查动词。以伟人的名字命名街道是这个城市的传统。根据"its streets after great people"可知，此处是命名，to是动词不定式，后加动词原形，name"命名"，是动词。故填name。 2.  （2）考查形容词。婴儿会说单个单词，但不会说完整的句子。根据The baby can say single words"婴儿会说单个单词"可知，此处是"但不会说完整的句子"，sentences"句子"，是形容词，空前用形容词，whole"完整的"，是形容词。故填whole。 3.  （3）考查名词。真正的朋友是当世界上其他人都消失时，他会走进来。根据"A true friend is someone who walks in"可知，此处是"真正的朋友是当世界上其他人都消失时"，the rest of...其余的……。故填the rest。 4.  （4）考查名词。朱杨柱，徐州的骄傲，通过多年的努力，实现了自己的航天员梦。根据"being an astronaut through years of hard work."可知，此处是"通过多年的努力，实现了自己的航天员梦"，his是形容词性物主代词，后加名词。dream"梦想"，是名词。故填dream。 5.  (5)考查介词短语。李明希望有机会在操场上升起国旗。根据Li Ming hopes to get the chance to raise the national flag"李明希望有机会在操场上升起国旗“可知，on the playground"在操场上“。故填on the playground. 6.【答案】【小题1】 against 【小题2】 cartoon 【小题3】 proud 【小题4】 at least 【小题5】 guesses 【解析】1.  （1）考查介词。句意：保护森林免遭火灾是我们的责任。说的是保护森林免遭火灾。故填against。 2.  （2）考查名词。句意：超人和蜘蛛侠，你更喜欢哪个卡通人物？根据Superman or Spiderman（超人和蜘蛛侠）可知说的是卡通人物，故填cartoon。 3.  （3）考查形容词。句意：她很自豪被选为第19届亚运会的志愿者。be proud to意思是"对……感到自豪"，故填proud。 4.  （4）考查短语。句意：医生建议我每周至少锻炼四次以保持健康。at least至少。故填at least。 5.  （5）考查动词。句意：一个聪明的英语学习者在阅读时经常猜出新词的意思。句子是一般现在时，主语是A clever English learner第三人称单数，故填guesses。 7.【答案】【小题1】 When 【小题2】 so 【小题3】 longer 【小题4】 for a while 【小题5】 schoolbag 【小题6】 take out 【小题7】 around 【小题8】 even 【小题9】 caught 【小题10】 possible 【解析】1. 句意：当猫看到Donna时，它跳出盒子，开始喵喵叫。根据“the cat saw Donna, it jumped out of the box and began to miaow”可知前句是后句的时间状语，应用when“当……时候”引导时间状语从句，故填When。 2. 句意：这只猫太可爱了，Donna忍不住开始和它玩起来。根据“cute that Donna couldn't help but start playing with it.”可知此处so...that“如此……以至于”引导的结果状语从句，故填so。 3. 句意：Donna和猫玩得越久，她就越喜欢它。根据“The...Donna played with the cat, the more she liked it.”可知此处是the+比较级，the+比较级的结构，结合选词可知longer“更长”符合语境，故填longer。 4. 句意：Donna看着这只可爱的猫，想了一会儿，决定带它去学校。根据“Donna looked at the cute cat, thought...and decided to take the cat to school with her. ”结合选词可知Donna想了一会儿，决定带猫去学校。for a while“一会儿”符合语境，故填for a while。 5. 句意：她把猫放进书包，朝学校走去。根据“She put the cat in her...and headed for school.”和下文“However, the cat jumped out of the schoolbag”可知她把猫放进书包了，故填schoolbag。 6. 句意：她打开书包拿出课本。根据“She opened her bag to...her textbooks.”可知打开书包是为了拿出课本，take out“拿出”，不定式符号to后加动词原形，故填take out。 7. 句意：然而，猫从书包里跳出来，开始在教室里跑来跑去。根据“and started running...the classroom. ”结合选词可知，猫在教室里跑来跑去，应用run around。故填around。 8. 句意：它爬进桌子，躲在椅子下面，甚至跳到老师的桌子上。根据“It climbed into a desk, hid under a chair, and...jumped on to the teacher's desk.”结合选词可知，猫甚至跳到老师的桌子上，应用even。故填even。 9. 句意：她轻轻地抓住那只猫，告诉Donna不允许带动物去学校。结合语境可知老师看到猫在桌子上，把猫抓住了，catch“抓住”，动词，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填caught。 10. 句意：她建议她把它带回家，或者如果可能的话，把它带到动物中心。根据“She advised her to take it home or to the animal centre if...”结合选词可知，如果可能的话，把猫带到动物中心。possible“可能的”符合语境，故填possible。 8.【答案】【小题1】 members 【小题2】 in front of 【解析】1. （1）考查名词。句意：乘组人员是费俊龙、邓清明、张陆。根据句意可知此处填成员，member（成员）符合题意，根据后面 Fei Junlong，Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu（费俊龙、邓清明、张陆）可知此处用可数名词的复数形式，故填members。 2. （2）考查介词。句意：一切准备就绪后，宇航员被一个接一个地抬出太空舱，放在返回舱前面的椅子上。根据句意可知此处填介词，表示在返回舱的前面，故填in front of。 9.【答案】【小题1】 hours 【小题2】 steal 【小题3】 felt 【小题4】 nearby 【小题5】 happening 【解析】1. （1）考查名词复数形式。根据We started early in the morning"我们早上很早就出发"可知，下文是"我们乘公共汽车旅行了好几个小时"，several加名词复数形式，hour"小时"，此处用复数形式，故填hours。 2. （2）考查动词。根据下文I...really nervous，but I knew I had to take action to stop him."我真地感到很紧张，但是我知道我必须采取行动阻止他"可知，上文是"我意识到他想从我朋友的包里偷她的钱包！"，try to do sth."设法做某事"，steal"偷"，是动词。故填steal。 3. （3）考查动词时态。考查根据上文I realized that he was trying to...my friend's wallet from her bag!"我意识到他想从我朋友的包里偷她的钱包"可知，此处是"我感到真地很紧张"，feel"感觉"，是动词，根据语境是一般过去时态，feel的过去式是felt。故填felt。 4. （4）考查副词。根据"I saw two police officers standing"可知，此处是"我看到两名警察站在附近"，nearby"附近地"。故填nearby。 5. （5）考查动词时态。根据They caught the thief right away."他们立刻抓住了小偷"可知，此处是"我告诉他们发生了什么"，happen"发生"，是动词，此处是过去进行时，happen的动名词是happening。故填happening。 10.【答案】【小题1】E 【小题2】A 【小题3】B 【小题4】C 【解析】（1）考查名词。句意：那些闪亮的光点可以组成形状。根据句意和of bright light（明亮的光线的）可知此处用名词，且表示"点"。故选E。 （2）考查形容词。句意：我从不知道夜空这么迷人。此处用形容词作表语。根据Wow，interesting!（哇，太有趣了！）可知她认为夜空迷人。故选A。 （3）考查副词。句意：Lucy通过望远镜看了一会，兴奋地大喊。根据A bright light is going fast in the sky!（一颗明亮的星星划过天空！）可知她很兴奋。故选B。 （4）考查名词。句意：今晚我们是探索星星的人。根据I really enjoy looking at the stars now.（现在我非常喜欢观星。）可知此处指"探索者"，主语是复数，此处用复数。故选C。 本文介绍了学生们露营时观星的体验。 解答此类题，关键在于理解，即理解句子的逻辑关系，选择合适的短语或词语。 11.【答案】【小题1】 clean 【小题2】 usually 【小题3】 lucky 【解析】1.  （1）考查动词。句意：人们每年春节前都会打扫房子。根据句意本句描述中国的习俗，用一般现在时，主语是people（人们）是集合名词可知谓语动词用动词原形，clean the house打扫房子，故填clean。 2.  （2）考查副词。句意：在中秋节，中国人通常会吃一顿家庭晚餐。have a family dinner吃一顿家庭晚餐，have是动词，用副词修饰动词，表示通常吃一顿家庭晚餐，故填usually。 3. （3）考查形容词。句意：大多数人喜欢在重要的日子穿红色衣服，因为红色是幸运的颜色。根据后面colour（颜色）是名词，形容词修饰名词，表示幸运的颜色，luck（幸运）的形容词形式是lucky，故填lucky。 12.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】C 【小题3】A 【小题4】B 【解析】（1）考查副词。句意：下午活动结束时，孩子们等不及在帐篷里玩游戏。根据This was the last day of the camping trip.（这是露营的最后一天。）可知此处指活动结束。故选D。 （2）考查动词。句意：你们的最后任务是观察夜空并描述你们所看到的。不定式to后面用动词原形。根据describe what you see（描述你们所看到的）可知此处指"观察"。故选C。 （3）考查动词词组。句意：所有孩子大喊道："哦，不！"根据句意可知此处指"大喊"。故选A。 （4）考查动词。句意：晚餐后，孩子们把望远镜搬出帐篷。根据句意和所给单词，此处缺少动词，moved搬，移动，符合题意。故选B。 本文介绍老师在露营活动结束时给孩子们布置观星的任务。 解答此类题，关键在于理解，即理解句子的逻辑关系，选择合适的短语或词语。 13.【答案】【小题1】 depends on 【小题2】 longest 【小题3】 at the end of 【小题4】 to pay attention to 【小题5】 have put up 【小题6】 is handing out 【小题7】 will play chess 【小题8】 the pride of 【小题9】 was making a speech 【小题10】 inventions 【解析】1. （1）考查动词短语。句意：淡水很重要。地球上的生命依赖于它。depend on依靠，依赖，是动词短语。根据句意和前句Fresh water is important是一般现在时可知，后句也是一般现在时，主语Life on Earth是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填depends on。 2. （2）考查形容词的最高级。句意：黄河是中国仅次于长江的第二长河流。long长，是形容词。second longest第二长的，作定语，修饰名词river。故填longest。 3. （3）考查介词短语。句意：来自澳大利亚的交换生将于六月底抵达。at the end of在......末，是介词短语；用介词短语at the end of June作时间状语。故填at the end of。 4. （4）考查动词不定式。句意：西蒙总是熬夜。马医生建议他注意身体。pay attention to注意，是动词短语；advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事，是固定搭配；用动词不定式作宾补。故填to pay attention to。 5. （5）考查动词短语。句意：这些志愿者已经搭好了帐篷。让我们向他们表示感谢。put up搭建，是动词短语。根据句意和副词already可知，要用现在完成时，其构成为have/ has done；主语These volunteers是复数，用have。故填have put up。 6. （6）考查动词短语。句意：——桑迪，米莉在哪里？——她正在教室里分发新书。 hand out分发，是动词短语。根据句意和前句where is Millie可知，答语表示现在正在发生的事情，要用现在进行时，其构成为am/ is/ are doing，主语是第三人称单数，用is。故填is handing out。 7. （7）考查动词短语。句意：明天我要去看望爷爷奶奶。我要和爷爷下棋。play chess下棋，是动词短语。根据句意和时间状语tomorrow可知，要用一般将来时，其构成为will +动词原形。故填will play chess。 8. （8）考查名词短语。句意：这些中国宇航员多么伟大！他们是我们国家的骄傲。the pride of......的骄傲，是名词短语；用名词短语作系动词are的表语。故填the pride of。 9. 9）考查动词短语。句意：昨天下午2点，王教授正在给我们做一个关于青少年问题的演讲。make a speech做演讲，是动词短语。根据句意和时间状语at 2 yesterday afternoon可知，句子表述在过去某一时刻正在发生的事情，要用过去进行时，其构成为was/ were doing；主语是第三人称单数，用was。故填was making a speech。 10. （10）考查名词。句意：造纸是中国古代四大发明之一。invent发明，是动词。invention发明，是可数名词；在four后面用可数名词的复数形式。故填inventions。 14.【答案】【小题1】 them 【小题2】 seldom 【小题3】 grown 【小题4】 and 【小题5】 whenever 【小题6】 cities 【小题7】 answer 【小题8】 among 【小题9】 big 【小题10】 believe 【解析】1. （1）考查代词。句意：其中之一就是骑自行车，或称骑行。根据上文"As summer comes around，outdoor activities are getting more and more popular."可知，随着夏天的到来，户外活动越来越受欢迎。此处指代上文中的outdoor activities，作介词of的宾语，应用代词them。故填them。 2.  （2）考查副词。句意：她以前很少锻炼，因为她不太喜欢运动。根据下文"because she didn't like sports much"可知，因为她不太喜欢运动，所以她以前很少锻炼。修饰动词exercised，应用副词seldom/rarely，表示"很少"。故填seldom。 3.  （3）考查动词。句意：但自从她的家乡在2023年举办亚运会以来，她对体育的兴趣增长了很多。根据her interest in sports （对体育的兴趣）结合选项可知空处应填：增长，句子为现在完成时，故填：grown。 4.  （4）考查连词。句意：她已经意识到运动的好处，现在是自行车的狂热爱好者。根据She has realized the benefits of sports（她已经意识到运动的好处，）可知前后句之间表示并列关系，故填：and。 5.  （5）考查连词。句意：每当我骑车的时候，我都感到自由和平静，"王说。根据I ride（我骑车），结合选项可知空处应填：每当，故填：whenever。 6.  （6）考查名词。句意：在成都和北京等城市，成千上万的人开始加入骑自行车的热潮。根据like Chengdu and Beijing（像成都和北京），结合选项可知空处应填复数名词：城市，故填：cities。 7.  （7）考查动词。句意：答案是肯定的。根据"Yes."（是的。）结合选项可知空处应填：回答，故填：answer。 8.  （8）考查介词。句意：这些在骑自行车的人中创造了一种团体感。among bikers（在骑自行车的人中），故填：among。 9.  （9）考查形容词。句意：他们就像一个大家庭。a big family（一个大家庭），故填：big。 10.  （10）考查动词。句意：随着骑自行车已经成为一种生活方式，专家认为这种骑自行车的热潮将会继续。根据that this biking craze will continue.（这种骑自行车的热潮将会继续。）结合选项可知空处应填：继续，故填：believe。 文章主要介绍了随着夏天的到来，户外活动越来越受欢迎。其中之一是骑自行车。骑自行车热现在正席卷中国。 解答此类题，关键在于理解，即理解句子的逻辑关系，选择合适的词语。 15.【答案】【小题1】 it 【小题2】 what 【小题3】 cleaned 【小题4】 be 【小题5】 by 【小题6】 because 【小题7】 hundreds 【小题8】 popular 【小题9】 invention 【小题10】 habit 【解析】1.  （1）考查代词。句意：我们通常把它放在浴室里。指代前文"a small thing"，需用代词it。故填it。 2.  （2）考查代词。句意：你能猜出它是什么吗？根据语境可知是询问猜出它是什么。what"什么"。故填what。 3.  （3）考查动词。句意：根据一些研究，在牙刷出现之前，中国古人用一些小树枝清洁牙齿。根据语境可知没有牙刷，古人会用树枝清洁牙齿。clean the teeth表示"清理牙齿"；句子是一般过去时，动词需用过去式。故填cleaned。 4.  （4）考查动词。句意：这可能是世界上最早的牙刷。此处是系表结构，情态动词might后跟be动词原形。故填be。 5.  （5）考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，牙刷的形状也发生了变化。As time went by"随着时间的流逝"。故填by。 6.  （6）考查连词。句意：例如，人们选择马尾毛而不是猪毛，因为猪毛太硬了。前后句之间是因果关系，前果后因，用because表示"因为"。故填because。 7.  （7）考查数词。句意：想象一下，你回到几百年前，舒舒服服地刷牙。根据"About 800 years ago"可知此处是hundreds of短语，表示"数以百计的"。故填hundreds。 8.  （8）考查形容词。句意：它开始流行起来。根据语境可知空处需填入形容词作表语，popular"受欢迎的"符合语境。故填popular。 9.  （9）考查名词。句意：牙刷的发明不像造纸术那样出名，但在日常生活中非常有用。根据语境可知是指牙刷的发明。invention"发明"。故填invention。 10.  （10）考查名词。句意：今天我们养成了刷牙的好习惯。根据语境可知刷牙是好习惯。have a good habit of"有一个……好习惯"。故填habit。 16.【答案】【小题1】 found 【小题2】 rich 【小题3】 hold 【小题4】 and 【小题5】 better 【小题6】 their 【小题7】 friendship 【小题8】 usually 【小题9】 live 【小题10】 cold 【解析】1. （1）考查动词。句意：从前一个穷人希望有好运，在野外发现了一棵树。根据He took it home and grew more trees from its seeds.（他把它带回家，用它的种子种出更多的树。）可知此处表示他发现一棵树；又根据前面Once（从前），可知此处表示一般过去时态，谓语动词用一般过去式；find（发现）的一般过去式是found，故填found。 2.  （2）考查形容词。句意：这使他成为了一个富有的人，所以他把这棵树命名为摇钱树。根据so he named it the money tree（所以他把这棵树命名为摇钱树）可知此处表示他成为一个富有的人，故填rich。 3.  （3）考查动词。句意：人们说发财树的树干可以抓住好运。根据后面in it（在它里面），可知此句表示发财树的树干可以抓住好运；又根据前面can（可以）情态动词，可知后接动词原形，故填hold。 4.  （4）考查连词。句意：五片叶子代表金、木、水、火和土——五行。根据后面the five things of balance（五行），可知此处指金、木、水、火和土，这五个是并列关系，用连词"and"，故填and。 5.  （5）考查副词比较级。句意：这就是为什么中国人比其他植物更喜欢摇钱树的原因。根据than（比）可知此处表示比较级，又根据前面like the money tree （喜欢摇钱树），后面other plants（其他植物），可知此处表示"更喜欢摇钱树"，故填better。 6.  （6）考查代词。句意：人们相信它能给他们的生活带来好运。根据 主语是People（人们），life（生活）是名词，可知此处用形容词性物主代词"their"，表示"人们相信它能给他们的生活带来好运"，故填their。 （7）考查名词。句意：人们也把树送给朋友或新邻居们来表示友谊。根据前 7.  （6）考查代词。句意：人们相信它能给他们的生活带来好运。根据 主语是People（人们），life（生活）是 8.  （8）考查副词。句意：这种植物可以长到15米高，但我们通常看到它们是1.2-1.5米高的桌面植物。分析句子可知此处缺副词，This plant can get to 15 meters tall（这种植物可以长到15米高），后面 as desktop plants of maybe a 1.2—1.5 meter tree（作为1.2-1.5米高的桌面植物），可知此处表示"通常"，usual（通常的）的副词形式是usually，故填usually。 9.  （9）考查动词。句意：这棵树很容易照顾，而且可以活很多年。根据The tree is very easy to care for（这棵树很容易照顾）可知此处表示这棵树可以活很多年，又根据前面can（可以）后接动词原形，故填live。 10.  （10）考查形容词。句意：最好让树远离冷空气。根据前面It grows best in temperature between 18℃ and 27℃.（在18 ～ 27℃的温度下生长最好。）后面Don't put it near an outside door.（不要把它放在外面的门附近。）可知此处表示最好让树远离冷空气，故填cold。 17.【答案】【小题1】 traditional 【小题2】 monkey 【小题3】 because 【小题4】 different 【小题5】 turn 【小题6】 stick 【小题7】 able 【小题8】 children 【小题9】 reading 【小题10】 keeps 【解析】1. （1）考查形容词。句意：孙悟空是中国传统书籍《西游记》中的主要角色。根据"Chinese book Journey to the West"可知《西游记》是中国的传统书籍，traditional"传统的"，形容词作定语。故填traditional。 2. （2）考查名词。句意：在这本书中，猴王不仅仅是一只普通的猴子。根据"the Monkey King is not just any normal"可知美猴王不是普通猴子，monkey"猴子"，用名词单数。故填monkey。 3. （3）考查连词。句意：这是因为他可以变换72种不同的形状和大小，将自己变成不同的动物和物体。"he sometimes does not even look like a monkey"的原因是"he can make 72 changes to his shape and size"，用because引导。故填because。 4. （4）考查形容词。句意：这是因为他可以变换72种不同的形状和大小，将自己变成不同的动物和物体。根据"animals and objects"可知把自己变成不同的动物和物品，different"不同的"。故填different。 5. （5）考查动词。意：但除非他能藏起尾巴，否则他不能变成人类。根据"himself into a man"可知是把他自己变成人，turn...into..."把……变成"，情态动词后加动词原形。故填turn。 6. （6）考查名词。句意：为了对抗坏人，猴王使用一根神奇的金箍棒。根据"uses a magic"可知是使用一个魔法棒，stick"棒"，a后加可数名词单数。故填stick。 7. （7）考查形容词。句意：在其他时候，他能够将其变得又大又长。根据"to make it big and long."可知是能够让它变大变长，be able to"能够"。故填able。 8. （8）考查名词。句意：猴王多年来激发了中国的孩子们的热情。根据"excited the...of China for many years"可知是使中国孩子兴奋很多年，children"孩子"，用名词复数。故填children。 9. （9）考查动名词。句意：他们对阅读这个故事感兴趣，因为聪明的猴王坚持战斗以帮助弱者，并且永不放弃。根据"this story"可知是读这个故事，read"读"，介词in后加动名词。故填reading。 10. （10）考查动词。句意：他们对阅读这个故事感兴趣，因为聪明的猴王坚持战斗以帮助弱者，并且永不放弃。根据"fighting to help the weak and never gives up"（王坚持战斗以帮助弱者，并且永不放弃。）可知他坚持战斗帮助弱者，keep"坚持"，句子用一般现在时，主语是the clever Monkey King，谓语动词用三单。故填keeps。 18.【答案】received without villagers working how to send really themselves education successful 【解析】（1）考查动词。句意：十人获奖。receive"收到，接受"符合题意，本文是一般过去时，故填received。 （2）考查介词。句意：对他来说不付出巨大的努力获得这样的特别奖是不可能的。分析句子成分知，本句缺少介词，构成介词短语，结合所给词汇，without符合。故填without。 （3）考查名词复数。句意：他们和周围大多数村民一样，过着普通而艰苦的生活。分析句子可知该空需要名词复数，结合句意及所给词汇，villagers符合。故填villagers。 （4）考查形容词。句意：罗向记者讲述了他的"勤劳教育的秘密"。分析句子可知，空处缺少形容词作定语，结合所给词汇，hard-working符合。故填hard-working。 （5）考查连词。句意：我们不知道怎样读和写。分析句子可知不定式短语how to read or write（怎样读和写）在句中作宾语。故填how。 （6）考查动词不定式。句意：他们下定决心让孩子上好学校。make up one's mind to do sth.下决心做某事。send sb.to sp.送某人去某地。结合所给词汇，故填to send。 （7）考查副词。句意：他们真正地意识到教育对孩子的重要性。分析句子可知该空修饰动词，用副词，结合所给词汇，really符合。故填really。 （8）考查反身代词。句意：孩子们必须自学，有时哥哥会帮助他们的弟弟和妹妹。learn by oneself 自学，主语they，故填themselves。 （9）考查名词。句意：我们认为教育对成功起着非常重要的作用。分析句子可知，该空缺少名词做宾语从句的主语，结合所给词，故填education。 （10）考查形容词。句意：许多人被这个故事所感动，这个故事讲述的是一个贫穷的家庭，他们父母几乎没有受过什么教育，有四个成功的孩子。分析句子可知，空处缺少形容词作定语，结合所给词汇success，其形容词形式是successful，故填successful。 本文主要介绍了"2022感动梁山人物评选活动"获奖的罗色尔夫妇的事迹。 根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。 19.【答案】【小题1】 are written 【小题2】 comes 【小题3】 were walking 【小题4】 picked 【小题5】 emptied 【小题6】 to read 【小题7】 have done 【小题8】 will call 【小题9】 using 【小题10】 has given 【解析】1. （1）考查动词。句意：通常信息都写在纸上，然后把纸卷起来放进瓶子里。根据"on paper"可知是写在纸上，write"写"，和主语之间是被动关系，根据"the paper is rolled..."（纸卷起来）可知句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故填are written。 2. （2）考查动词。句意：瓶子合上后，它会被扔进海里，开始漂流，直到来到陆地。根据"it...to land"以及所给词可知是来到陆地，come"来"，句子用一般现在时，主语是it，谓语动词用单三。故填comes。 3. （3）考查动词。句意：一位名叫Tonya的妇女和她的儿子在澳大利亚的海滩上散步时，看到了一个彩色玻璃瓶。根据"on the beach"（在海滩上）以及所给词可知是在海滩上散步，walk"散步"，根据"when she saw..."可知此处表示当时他们正在散步，用过去进行时was/were doing，主语是A woman named Tonya and her son，be动词用were。故填were walking。 4. （4）考查动词。句意：她捡起瓶子，瓶子不是圆形的，而是方形的。根据"up the bottle"（捡起瓶子）可知是捡起瓶子，pick up"捡起"，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填picked。 5. （5）考查动词。句意：她的儿子把瓶子倒了出来，他们发现"香烟"实际上是一条卷起的信息。根据"the bottle out，in which they found that the 'cigarette' was actually a rolled-up message."（把瓶子拿出来，他们发现里面的'香烟'实际上是一个卷起来的信息。）可知是把瓶子清空，empty"清空"，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填emptied。 6. （6）考查动词。句意：表格上的文字很轻，很难阅读。根据"The writing on the form is light"（表格上的字很轻。）可知文字写的很轻，所以很难阅读，read"读"，此处用动词不定式。故填to read。 7. （7）考查动词。句意：但我们已经做了一些研究来证明这一点，或者这只是猜测。根据"some research"（一些研究）可知是做一些研究，do"做"，此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，主语是we，助动词用have。故填have done。 8. （8）考查动词。句意：我会打电话给我在澳大利亚的朋友。根据"my friend in Australia"（我的朋友在澳大利亚）以及所给词可知是给澳大利亚的朋友打电话，动作还未发生，句子用一般将来时will do。故填will call。 9. （9）考查动词。句意：有人建议Tonya应该向一些专家寻求帮助，他们可以通过使用C14来了解它的年龄。根据"find out its age by...C14"（可以通过使用C14来了解它的年龄）可知是使用C14了解它的年龄，use"使用"，介词by后加动名词。故填using。 10. （10）考查动词。句意：现在，Tonya已经把这个瓶子交给了澳大利亚的博物馆，它将在接下来的两年里在那里展出。根据"the bottle to the museum"（把瓶子送到博物馆去）可知是把瓶子给博物馆，give"给"，此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，主语是Tonya，助动词用has。故填has given。 20.【答案】【小题1】 polluted 【小题2】 plenty of 【小题3】 speed 【小题4】 since 【小题5】 such as 【解析】1.  句意：这意味着，如果环境被污染，青蛙的皮肤吸收了污染，青蛙就会死亡。根据“if the environment is…, a frog's skin takes in the pollution and the frog dies”及备选词汇可知，此处指如果环境被污染，那么青蛙皮肤也会受到污染。pollute“污染”，动词。此处指环境被污染，是被动语态，动词用其过去分词形式。故填polluted。 2.  句意：如果有很多青蛙，这是环境健康的一个好迹象。根据“If there are…frogs, it's a good sign that the environment is healthy.”及备选词汇可知，如果存在很多青蛙，说明环境很健康。plenty of“很多的”符合语境。故填plenty of。 3.  句意：近年来，世界各地的青蛙数量以前所未有的速度下降。根据“Frog numbers around the world have been dropping at a faster…”及备选词汇可知，此处指青蛙的数量以更快的速度下降。speed“速度”符合语境。故填speed。 4.  句意：自1980年以来，多达200种青蛙已经灭绝。根据“Up to 200 kinds of frogs have died out…1980.”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少介词，指自1980年以来，很多种青蛙已灭绝。since“自从”符合语境。故填since。 5. 句意：食物链中也需要青蛙来吃蝗虫等昆虫。根据“Frogs are also needed in the food chain to eat insects…grasshoppers”及备选词汇可知，此处是举例青蛙可以吃的昆虫，故such as“例如”符合语境。故填such as。 第1页，共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$