课时作业(32)(Word练习)-【金榜题名】2026年高考英语一轮总复习

课时作业(三十二)　Unit 1　Science Fiction Ⅰ.阅读理解 A★ (2025·宿迁调研)I'm a layperson with a love of science who occasionally reads science magazines.My approach was from an author's angle, spending months on research before writing a single word for Pig Heart Boy. So where did I get the idea? Whenever I attend a school event, that question is asked.The answer is simple.Back in the mid 1990s, I read a newspaper article written by a doctor who guessed that we would eventually have to turn to xenotransplantation (异种器官移植) as a possible solution to the lack of human organ donors.It left my mind filled with questions.What are the consequences? Do we really have the right to treat animals as mere organ sources for humans? So I headed to my nearest bookshop and bought all the books I could on heart transplants in particular. I've found questions are one of the best places to start from when writing a novel.In my story Cameron, who needs a heart transplant, knows he is unlikely to see his next birthday unless he receives one, but he is a long way down the waiting list.When a genetically modified (GM) pig's heart is offered by a pioneering doctor, Cameron decides to go for it —and his new heart completely changes his life in unexpected ways. Now some people think that the subject matter is not suitable for children, criticizing the cruel and inhuman ways of xenotransplantation.I completely disagree.As a children's author, it never ceases to amaze me how some adults underestimate what subject matter will interest and stimulate children.I wanted to write a story that provided no right or wrong answers, a story that would allow the reader to walk in Cameron's shoes for a while and think about what decisions they would make and how they would react if they too were faced with his situation. Fictional stories that explore new ideas when it comes to STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) subjects also have a part to play in enriching our children's reading and learning.Various studies have shown that reading fiction enhances our children's ability to grasp new concepts.Pig Heart Boy was my attempt to incorporate science possible into a believable, thought­provoking (令人深思的) story. 1．Where did the author get inspiration from to write Pig Heart Boy? A．A school event. B．A news item. C．Science magazines. D．Books on heart transplants. 2．What might be a major concern of those who disagree with Pig Heart Boy? A．Animal rights. B．GM technology. C．Organ transplant risks. D．Organ shortage crisis. 3．What are the last two paragraphs of the text mainly about? A．Ways of tapping children's intelligence. B．Potential application of fictional stories. C．Supporting evidence for justifying the book. D．Influence of fictional stories on STEM subjects. 4．What is Pig Heart Boy? A．An author profile. B．A science fiction novel. C．A guidebook to xenotransplantation. D．An essay on writing children's literature. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者从异种器官移植报道中获得灵感创作小说《Pig Heart Boy》的故事。 1．B　细节理解题。根据第二段“Back in the mid 1990s, I read a newspaper article written by a doctor who guessed that we would eventually have to turn to xenotransplantation (异种器官移植) as a possible solution to the lack of human organ donors.(早在20世纪90年代中期，我在报纸上读到一篇医生写的文章，他猜测我们最终将不得不转向异种移植，作为解决人体器官捐献者缺乏的可能方案)”可知，作者写Pig Heart Boy的灵感来自新闻。故选B。 2．A　推理判断题。根据第四段“Now some people think that the subject matter is not suitable for children, criticizing the cruel and inhuman ways of xenotransplantation.(现在有些人认为这个题材不适合儿童，批评异种移植的残忍和不人道的方式)”可知，有些人认为这个器官移植的题材不适合儿童，是因为他们批评这种器官移植的残忍和不人道的方式。可以推断出这些人认为这些器官移植损害了其他动物的权利，故选A。 3．C　主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“As a children's author, it never ceases to amaze me how some adults underestimate what subject matter will interest and stimulate children.I wanted to write a story that provided no right or wrong answers, a story that would allow the reader to walk in Cameron's shoes for a while and think about what decisions they would make and how they would react if they too were faced with his situation.(作为一名儿童作家，一些成年人低估了什么题材会引起孩子们的兴趣和刺激，这一直让我感到惊讶。我想写一个没有正确或错误答案的故事，一个让读者站在卡梅伦的立场上思考一下，如果他们也面临他的处境，他们会做出什么决定，以及他们会如何反应的故事)”以及最后一段“Fictional stories that explore new ideas when it comes to STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) subjects also have a part to play in enriching our children's reading and learning.Various studies have shown that reading fiction enhances our children's ability to grasp new concepts.Pig Heart Boy was my attempt to incorporate science possible into a believable, thought­provoking (令人深思的) story.(在STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)学科中，探索新思想的虚构故事也可以丰富孩子们的阅读和学习。各种研究表明，阅读小说可以提高孩子掌握新概念的能力。《猪心男孩》是我试图将科学融入一个可信、发人深省的故事)”可知，最后两段主要是讲了支持这本书的证据。故选C。 4．B　推理判断题。根据第三段“In my story Cameron, who needs a heart transplant, knows he is unlikely to see his next birthday unless he receives one, but he is a long way down the waiting list.When a genetically modified (GM) pig's heart is offered by a pioneering doctor, Cameron decides to go for it —and his new heart completely changes his life in unexpected ways.(在我的故事中，需要心脏移植的卡梅伦知道，除非他得到一个，否则他不可能活到下一个生日，但他的等待名单已经排在很长的一段路了。当一位开拓性的医生提供了一颗转基因猪的心脏时，卡梅伦决定接受它——他的新心脏以意想不到的方式彻底改变了他的生活)”可推知，这本书主要讲述了需要心脏移植的主人公使用了猪的心脏，并且改变了他的命运。故Pig Heart Boy是一部科幻小说。故选B。 B (2025·怀化二模)Be honest: how often does your social media scrolling lead to shopping? And how many of those things that TikTok made you buy did you actually need? Enter de­influencing, the TikTok trend flipping (颠覆) influencing on its head—and aiming to save our bank balances in the process. De­influencing is the TikTok trend with hundreds of millions of views that's challenging the hype (炒作) around so­called popular products by telling you what you shouldn't buy, instead of what you should.It's a response to a few different things, including a general feeling of overconsumption (you don't need more stuff just because TikTok says you do) and the cost of living crisis. It sounds progressive, but once you scratch the surface, there isn't a huge difference between influencing and de­influencing.“De­influencing is a bit of a false product，” says Kendall.“It's still influence but it's telling people what not to buy.”While TikTokers may be warning consumers away from expensive or well­known products, some continue to influence by telling consumers what they should buy instead.For example, buying a heated roller set on Amazon over the Dyson Airwrap—this is still suggesting products with sweeping promises. Ironically speaking, de­influencing is a good strategy for influencers and brands.Rising living costs mean consumers are less likely to spend a huge amount of money on big­ticket items, which means the influencers promoting them are less likely to generate income.Turning to promoting cheaper products plays into the so­called “Lipstick Effect，” where people treat themselves to little luxuries, instead of addictions, during times of economic uncertainty. What is different about de­influencing is encouraging consumers to take a moment to think about whether they need a product and whether it's right for them versus whether they're simply being influenced because it's new, popular, or exciting.This is part of a bigger movement in beauty.“There is also the reduction of regimens, the ingredient diet, the skin minimalism, and the stripping back of excess linked to sustainability and over­consumption，” says Kendall.“This is a positive approach to marketing.” 5．Why does the author use the questions at the beginning of Paragraph 1? A．To introduce the topic. B．To highlight an opinion. C．To illustrate an argument. D．To predict the ending. 6．As for de­influencing, which would the author agree with? A．It's telling people what to buy to challenge the hype. B．It is a bit of a true product influencing people. C．It responds to a general feeling of overconsumption. D．It's an unwise strategy for influencers and brands. 7．What does de­influencing encourage consumers to do? A．Get what is popular. B．Purchase a novel product. C．Increase consumption in beauty. D．Buy only what is needed. 8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．De­influencing: The Trend Killing Influencer Marketing　 B．Brands are all Scared of the De­influencing Trend　 C．De­influencing Pushes the Shift to Overconsumption D．De­influencing: The Trend Putting Truthfulness First　 【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文，讨论了社交媒体上“去影响”(de­influencing)的趋势。文章探讨了这种趋势如何挑战过度消费，以及它如何影响消费者购买行为和品牌营销策略。 5．A　推理判断题。根据第一段“Be honest: how often does your social media scrolling lead to shopping? And how many of those things that TikTok made you buy did you actually need? Enter de­influencing, the TikTok trend flipping(颠覆) influencing on its head—and aiming to save our bank balances in the process.(诚实地说：你的社交媒体滚动有多频繁导致购物？TikTok让你买的东西中，你真正需要的有多少？进入‘去影响’阶段，TikTok的趋势颠覆了它的影响力——目的是在这个过程中挽救我们的银行余额)”可推知，作者通过提问的方式引入了“去影响”这一话题。故选A项。 6．C　推理判断题。根据三段中的“ ‘De­influencing is a bit of a false product，’ says Kendall.‘It's still influence but it's telling people what not to buy.’(‘去影响力是一种有点虚假的产品，’Kendall说。‘它仍然有影响力，但它告诉人们不要买什么。’)”可知，作者认为“去影响”本质上仍然是影响，只是告诉人们不要购买某些产品。由此推知，作者认为去影响是对过度消费的普遍感觉的回应。故选C项。 7．D　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“What is different about de­influencing is encouraging consumers to take a moment to think about whether they need a product and whether it's right for them versus whether they're simply being influenced because it's new, popular, or exciting.(‘去影响’的不同之处在于鼓励消费者花时间思考他们是否真的需要一个产品，以及它是否适合他们，而不是仅仅因为他们被它新颖、流行或令人兴奋所影响)”可知，“去影响”鼓励消费者思考他们是否真的需要某个产品，而不是仅仅因为产品是新的、流行的或令人兴奋的。由此推知，它鼓励消费者只购买所需的东西。故选D项。 8．D　主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句话“This is a positive approach to marketing.(这是一种积极的市场营销方法)”以及全文可知，文章讨论了“去影响”趋势如何通过提供真实的产品信息来挑战过度消费，以及这种趋势如何被看作是一种积极的市场营销方法。由此可知，De­influencing: The Trend Putting Truthfulness First(去影响：把真实性放在首位的趋势)适合作本文标题。故选D项。 Ⅱ.完形填空★ (2025·郑州模拟)Frank Herbert's 1965 novel Dune is widely considered one of the best sci­fi books ever written.It is also one of the first to take environmental concerns__1__． “It's really calling attention to the__2__ to think ecologically，” says Gerry Canavan, co­editor of the history of science fiction.“Prior to that moment, people just weren't thinking in that way.” Herbert __3__ to find a publisher for Dune, facing 23 rejections before it was finally __4__ by Chilton Book Company.As the book gained__5__ ­winning two most prestigious(有声望的)prizes in science fiction and eventually selling around 20 million copies__6__ ­it began to affect pop culture. Dune __7__ the environmental movement, which Herbert largely embraced.“I'm __8__ to be put in the position of telling my grandchildren ‘Sorry, no more world for you.We have __9__ all the resources，'” Herbert said at the first Earth Day in 1970. Herbert was one of the earliest to__10__ renewable energy ，installing(安装) his own solar collector and windmill.He believed that understanding the__11__ of human actions could reduce environmental damage. The __12__ for Dune came from Herbert's visit to Oregon's sand dunes in 1957, where he __13__ efforts to stabilize the landscape from local people.His novel serves as a cautionary tale about humanity's relationship with the environment and the disastrous effects of __14__ resource exploitation(开发).Dune challenges readers to consider the impact of their actions on the planet and serves as a__15__ of the importance of sustainable living. 1．A.personally　　　 　　B．literally C．seriously D．equally 2．A.necessity B．attempt C．agreement D．freedom 3．A.happened B．struggled C．chosen D．hesitated 4．A.dismissed B．accepted C．recommended D．purchased 5．A.permission B．control C．trust D．popularity 6．A.in time B．in turn C．in advance D．in total 7．A.challenged B．pushed C．skipped D．simplified 8．A.unwilling B．unfortunate C．unsuitable D．unlikely 9．A.picked up B．given up C．used up D．piled up 10．A.advocate B．assign C．investigate D．deliver 11．A.similarity B．consequences C．flexibility D．strengths 12．A.support B．proposal C．inspiration D．desire 13．A.witnessed B．spared C．confirmed D．graded 14．A.limited B．balanced C．unchecked D．unchanged 15．A.review B．symbol C．victim D．reminder 【语篇解读】　本文为一篇新闻报道，介绍了Frank Herbert发表小说《沙丘》的经历及这部小说对于生态保护的意义。 1．C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：它也是首批认真对待环境问题的小说之一。A.personally就个人而言；B.literally按字面意思地；C.seriously严肃地；D.equally平等地。根据下文“It's really calling attention to the __2__ to think ecologically”可知，Frank Herbert在他的小说《沙丘》中提到了认真严肃对待环境的问题。故选C项。 2．A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这确实唤起了人们对生态化思考必要性的注意，”科幻史的联合主编格里·卡纳万(Gerry Canavan)说。A.necessity必要性；B.attempt尝试；C.agreement同意；D.freedom自由。根据下文“Prior to that moment, people just weren't thinking in that way.”可知，之前，人们并没有生态保护意识，所以，Frank Herbert想要在小说中唤起人们对于生态化思考必要性的注意。故选A项。 3．B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：赫伯特努力为《沙丘》寻找出版商，在最终被奇尔顿图书公司接受之前，他面临了23次拒绝。A.happened发生；B.struggled奋斗，努力；C.chosen选择；D.hesitated犹豫。根据“facing 23 rejections before it was finally”可知，Frank Herbert努力为《沙丘》寻找出版商。故选B项。 4．B　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.dismissed不予考虑；B.accepted接受；C.recommended推荐；D.purchased购买。根据“facing 23 rejections before it was finally __4__ by Chilton Book Company.”可知，在最终被Chilton图书公司接受之前，他的小说被拒绝了很多次。故选B项。 5．D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着这本书的流行，它开始影响流行文化，它赢得了两项最负盛名的科幻奖，并最终售出了大约2000万册。A.permission允许；B.control控制；C.trust信任；D.popularity流行，普及。根据“winning two most prestigious(有声望的)prizes in science fiction and eventually selling around 20 million copies”可知，小说之后开始流行。故选D项。 6．D　考查介词短语辨析。句意同上。A.in time及时；B.in turn依次；C.in advance提前；D.in total总共。根据“selling around 20 million copies”可知，此处表示售卖总计2000万册。故选D项。 7．B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：《沙丘》推动了环境运动，赫伯特也大力接受了这一运动。A.challenged挑战；B.pushed推动；C.skipped跳过；D.simplified使简化。根据第一段“Frank Herbert's 1965 novel Dune is widely considered one of the best sci­fi books ever written.It is also one of the first to take environmental concerns __1__．”可知，这是一本关于环境生态保护的科幻小说，所以，它推动了环境运动。故选B项。 8．A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我不愿意告诉我的孙辈 ‘对不起，没有你的世界了。我们已经用尽了所有的资源，’”赫伯特在1970年第一个地球日时说。A.unwilling不情愿的；B.unfortunate不幸运的；C.unsuitable不合适的；D.unlikely不可能的。根据“to be put in the position of telling my grandchildren ‘Sorry, no more world for you.We have __9__ all the resources，’”可知，告诉孙辈生态资源的枯竭这件事是不情愿的。故选A项。 9．C　考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.picked up捡起；B.given up放弃；C.used up用完；D.piled up堆积。根据“Sorry, no more world for you.”可知，对后代说没有他们生存的世界了，因为已经用完了所有的资源。故选C项。 10．A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：赫伯特是最早倡导可再生能源的人之一，他安装了自己的太阳能收集器和风车。A.advocate提倡；B.assign布置；C.investigate调查；D.deliver传递。根据“installing(安装) his own solar collector and windmill”可知，Frank Herbert提倡可再生资源。故选A项。 11．B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为，了解人类行为的后果可以减少对环境的破坏。A.similarity相似性；B.consequences后果；C.flexibility灵活性；D.strengths长处。根据“understanding the __11__ of human actions could reduce environmental damage”可知，了解人们行为的后果可以减少对于环境的破坏，因为环境的破坏大多是人类行为导致的。故选B项。 12．C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：《沙丘》的灵感来自于赫伯特1957年访问俄勒冈州的沙丘，他在那里目睹了当地人为稳定地貌所做的努力。A.support支持；B.proposal提议；C.inspiration灵感；D.desire愿望。根据“came from Herbert's visit to Oregon's sand dunes in 1957”可知，此处表示Frank Herbert写《沙丘》的灵感来源。故选C项。 13．A　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.witnessed见证，目击；B.spared留出；C.confirmed证实；D.graded分级。根据“The __12__ for Dune came from Herbert's visit to Oregon's sand dunes in1957, where he __13__ efforts to stabilize the landscape from local people.”可知，在俄勒冈州的沙丘，Frank Herbert目睹了当地人为稳定地貌做出的努力。故选A项。 14．C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的小说是一个警示故事，关于人类与环境的关系，以及无限制的资源开发带来的灾难性后果。A.limited有限的；B.balanced平衡的；C.unchecked不加约束的；D.unchanged未改变的。根据“the disastrous effects of __14__ resource exploitation”可知，人类开发是不加约束的，会带来严重的灾难性后果。故选C项。 15．D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：《沙丘》挑战读者考虑他们的行为对地球的影响，并提醒可持续生活的重要性。A.review评论；B.symbol象征；C.victim受害者；D.reminder提醒物。根据“Dune challenges readers to consider the impact of their actions on the planet and serves as”可知，这本小说让读者考虑自己的行为对于地球的影响，并在他们阅读时提醒他们可持续生活的重要性，作为保护环境的提醒物。故选D项。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·河南名校联考)The recent opening of a new exhibition building at the Sanxingdui Museum, in Guanghan, Sichuan province, made the place an instant tourist hot spot.The turquoise­eyed bronze heads, golden masks, holy trees, ceremonial altars (祭坛) and deity statues disclose the mysterious faces of a culture 1.______ (date) back more than 3，000 years.For those who can't make 2.________ to Guanghan in person, where the extensive excavation site of Sanxingdui is located, an immersive exhibition, titled Hello Sanxingdui, which is equipped with digital technology, 3.________ (offer) them an alternative means to be awed by the magnificence of this Bronze Age culture. It provides a time­travel experience with both an 4.________ (education) and artistic appeal.The journey begins with a brief timeline of texts, photos and videos, showing 5.________ Sanxingdui was first discovered in the 1920s, when objects were found by farmers digging an irrigation ditch.It highlights the important moments in the past century's continued archaeological efforts, and uncovers the myths surrounding Sanxingdui and the secrets yet 6.________ (figure) out. The images and patterns of these objects 7.________ (find) at Sanxingdui have been digitalized, animated and projected on screens, 8.________ the accompaniment of music, leading the audience into the ancient kingdom of Shu, a civilization that boomed for 9.________ (century) in the southwest during the Zhou Dynasty, and disappeared 10.________ (sudden), leaving many myths and legends. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了三星堆博物馆的新展览馆的相关情况。 1．dating　考查非谓语动词。句意：绿松石眼的青铜头像、金色面具、圣树、仪式祭坛和神像揭示了3000多年前文化的神秘面孔。空处应填非谓语动词，a culture与动词短语date back“追溯到”之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动，作后置定语。故填dating。 2．it　考查代词。句意：对于那些不能亲自到广汉三星堆遗址所在地的人来说，一个名为“你好，三星堆”的沉浸式展览，配备了数字技术，为他们提供了另一种方式，让他们惊叹于青铜时代文化的辉煌。make it to…为固定短语，意为“成功(及时)到达某个地方”。故填 it。 3．offers　考查动词时态。句意：对于那些不能亲自到广汉三星堆遗址所在地的人来说，一个名为“你好，三星堆”的沉浸式展览，配备了数字技术，为他们提供了另一种方式，让他们惊叹于青铜时代文化的辉煌。空处应填谓语动词，an immersive exhibition与offer之间为主动关系，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故填offers。 4．educational　考查形容词。句意：它提供了一个兼具教育和艺术吸引力的时间旅行体验。由句意及空后的and artistic appeal可知此处应用形容词形式educational，作定语，修饰名词appeal，与artistic并列。故填educational。 5．how　考查宾语从句。句意：旅程以文字、照片和视频的简短时间线开始，展示了三星堆是如何在20世纪20年代首次被发现的，当时农民在挖掘灌溉渠时发现了一些物品。由句意及空前的showing以及空后的Sanxingdui was first discovered in the 1920s可知此此处应用宾语从句的引导词how，意为“三星堆在20世纪20年代如何被首次发现的”。故填how。 6．to be figured　考查非谓语动词。句意：它突出了过去一个世纪持续的考古努力中的重要时刻，揭示了围绕三星堆的神话和尚未被解开的秘密。空处应填非谓语动词，figure与其逻辑主语the secrets之间为动宾关系，而且此处表示将来的动作，应用动词不定式的被动形式to be figured，作后置定语。故填to be figured。 7．found　考查非谓语动词。句意：在三星堆发现的这些物品的图像和图案经过数字化、动画化和屏幕投影，伴随着音乐的伴奏，带领观众进入了古老的蜀国，一个在周朝时期在西南繁荣了几个世纪然后突然消失，留下了许多神话和传说的文明。空处应填非谓语动词，find与其逻辑主语The images and patterns之间为被动关系，且动作已经完成，应用过去分词表示被动和完成，作后置定语。故填found。 8．to　考查介词。句意：在三星堆发现的这些物品的图像和图案经过数字化、动画化和屏幕投影，伴随着音乐的伴奏，带领观众进入了古老的蜀国，一个在周朝时期在西南繁荣了几个世纪然后突然消失，留下了许多神话和传说的文明。to the accompaniment of为固定搭配，意为“在……的伴奏下”。故填 to。 9．centuries　考查名词复数。句意：在三星堆发现的这些物品的图像和图案经过数字化、动画化和屏幕投影，伴随着音乐的伴奏，带领观众进入了古老的蜀国，一个在周朝时期在西南繁荣了几个世纪然后突然消失，留下了许多神话和传说的文明。根据空前的 for及句意可知此处应用名词的复数形式。故填centuries。 10．suddenly　考查副词。句意：在三星堆发现的这些物品的图像和图案经过数字化、动画化和屏幕投影，伴随着音乐的伴奏，带领观众进入了古老的蜀国，一个在周朝时期在西南繁荣了几个世纪然后突然消失，留下了许多神话和传说的文明。由句意此处应用副词形式suddenly，修饰动词disappeared，作状语。故填suddenly。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$