衔接点19 完形填空之命题思路追踪（初高考点差异及衔接）- 2025年初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）

衔接点19 完形填空之高分秘诀（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 初中完形填空文章多以记叙文为主,话题贴近学生生活,涵盖了校园生活、家庭生活、人际交往、自我完善、人生态度、人物经历、励志故事和人生感悟等。挖空点主要有10个空，部分地区15个空。 高中英语完形填空，语篇较长，说明文或议论文居多，挖空点15个。备选项以实词为主；命题主要思路：语义优先于语法原则；上下文语境分析原则。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：备选项侧重以实词为主，主要以名词、动词、形容词为多、少量涉及副词、连词、介词短语及动词短语辨析。 高中阶段考查形式：备选项以实词为主，涉及名、动、形、副四类词，有时亦会考察逻辑衔接词或短语，突出词汇等选项在语境及篇章结构环境下的最优匹配。 【初中考点聚焦】 【题型解读】 初中完形填空一般以记叙文或夹叙夹议文为主，主题语境包括人与自我，人与社会，人与自然。侧重考查在具体语境中运用词汇知识的能力，降低了对单词本身用法的考查，少量数词生义和一词多义的考查。选材内容源于真实生活，以人物思想和行为为中心，体现理性思维，人文情怀、参与社会的人文素养等正能量；以时间或空间的变化为线索，按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述；时态上多以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。 【解题策略】 · 上下文推理题：从整体角度考虑，结合上下文语境才能判断出最佳答案。 · 逻辑推理题：注意对文章内容进行逻辑分析、推理判断。理解上下文的内在关联和连贯意义。 · 词汇复现题：有些答案是会在上下文中重复出现的，关注语境，读懂题意，选出答案。 · 生活常识题：注意文化背景和生活常识，利用上下文线索,分析句子的关系。 · 语境推断题：注意对文章发生的背景，所处环境进行分析，进而理解语境，利用上下文线索，找到关键提示词或句子，选出答案。 · 固定搭配题：注意英语中的固定搭配、习惯用语及短语的运用。 【考点诠释】 （一）、利用文章首句信息解题 完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它作为一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项选择。首句或前几句话都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，它提供的信息是把握全文主旨的关键，可以帮助考生判断全文大意甚至全文主题。所以利用首句信息解题是处理完形填空中任何问题都必须遵循的步骤，掌握好了首句，有助于抓住文章主旨，因而我们才可以通过上下文确定文章所要前进的方向。 【示例】 Once there was a teenage boy who was known as a fast runner in his village. He only 1 about winning every race and becoming more successful. 1．A．heard B．talked C．cared D．learned 【答案】1．C 【解析】本篇完形填空的第一句话没有设题，是一个完整的句子。据此可知，本文讲述了村子里有一个十几岁的男孩，他只在乎赢得每一场比赛，变得更成功。句意：他只关心赢得每一场比赛，变得更加成功。 heard听到；talked谈论；cared在乎；learned学习。根据“He only...about winning every race”可知男孩只关心赢得每一场比赛。care about“关心”。故选C。 （二）、寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理 如果题目中的四个选项从词汇搭配，语法角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词，句，段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，此时需要从上下文中寻找有关的提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住关键信息，理顺句与句之间的关系，确定合理的答案。 【示例】Their ____30____ language helps me know when to adjust class activities, and when to talk to students separately, so they can all get the most out of school. 30. A. body B. spoken C. written D. foreign 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们的肢体语言帮助我知道什么时候该调整课堂活动，什么时候该分别与学生交谈，这样他们都能从学校得到最大的收获。 body身体；spoken口语的；written书面的；foreign外国的。根据“Their …language helps me know when to adjust（调整） class activities”可知，本文主要讲述了彼得的妈妈作为一名老师，通过身体语言判断学生的状态。故选A。 （三）、利用上下文逻辑关系解题 完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、并列、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。 【示例】So we should always keep improving ourselves 20 try to understand our true value. 20．A．and B．so C．but D．or 【答案】20．A 【解析】句意：所以我们应该不断提高自己，努力了解自己的真正价值。 and和；so因此；but但是；or或者。根据“So we should always keep improving ourselves...try to understand our true value.”可知，前后两句构成并列关系，用and连接。故选A。 （四）、巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断 同义词，近义词，反义词是借助意思相同，相近或相反的表达方式或解释性语言使上下文的意思得以连接起来。因此，做题时，应充分注意分析上下文中出现的解释性语言。对于上下文意思复现的表达，可以借助于复现信息的同根词来补全信息，巧妙运用词汇复现，轻松选择判断。　　 【示例】 When they finished, Jack looked at their misshapen (奇形怪状的) robot. He couldn’t stop smiling. “I think it’s the best ____30____ I have ever built. Now I have to write my report,” Jack said, hugging Grandpa. “Thank you, Grandpa. I had a lot of fun.” 30. A. room B. table C. schoolbag D. robot 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我认为这是我制造过的最好的机器人。 room房间；table桌子；schoolbag书包；robot机器人。根据“Jack looked at their misshapen (奇形怪状的) robot”可知，他们建造的是机器人。故选D。 【示例】I remember the year when I was seven years old. I ___16___ a pretty hair clip from a girl in my dance class. ..........What a bad end I would come to if I became a thief—people would not trust me any more. 16. A. borrowed B. discovered C. stole D. pulled 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我从舞蹈课上的一个女孩那里偷了一个漂亮的发夹。 borrowed借入；discovered发现；stole偷；pulled拉。根据“if I became a thief”可知是偷了一个发夹。故选C。 （五）、熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题 短语动词在完形填空题中是比较常见的，占有一定的比例。这类短语有两种考查方式：一种是四个选项中只有一个搭配是正确的；另一种是四个选项的搭配不止一个正确，这时考生须借助上下文的意思作出适当的判断。 【示例】 It’s easy to see when students show interest in a lesson. Most ____19____ and make eye contact. They lean forward and look at me. 19. A. look down B. look up C. look back D. look through 【答案】B 【解析】句意：大多数人抬头与人眼神交流。 look down向下看；look up查阅，向上看；look back回顾；look through浏览。根据“It’s easy to see when students show interest in a lesson. Most… and make eye contact.”可知，学生如果对课堂感兴趣，会抬头与 老师进行眼神交流。故选B。 （六）、上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断 语境题在完形填空题中已占有一半题量，因此，利用好文章的语境关系就能对文章进行准确性地逻辑判断，在理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息从而确定答案。其具体方法就是认真读原文，找出反映语境的标志性的词汇或句子，并大胆预测下文。 【示例】One day, I was receiving my thirteenth operation in the hospital. Being away from my friends and school was causing me almost as much ___3___ as the operation itself. 3. A. fun B. pain C. value D. danger 【答案】B 【解析】离开我的朋友和学校给我带来的痛苦几乎和手术本身一样多。 fun乐趣；pain痛苦；value价值；danger危险。根据“Being away from my friends and school ”可知离开了朋友和学校，作者是很痛苦的，故选B。 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 高中英语完形填空，语篇较长，记叙文为主，说明文或议论文为辅，挖空点15个。不仅考查学生对词汇、语法等基础知识的综合运用能力，而且考查学生的逻辑推理和篇章结构理解能力。历年完形填空选材科学，结构清晰，主题明显，但文章阅读难易度指数(Readability)一般较大，区分度高，是历年高考得分率较低的题型之一。备选项以实词为主，涉及名、动、形、副四类词，有时亦会考察逻辑衔接词或短语，突出词汇等选项在语境及篇章结构环境下的最优匹配。命题主要思路：语义优先于语法原则；上下文语境分析原则。 考点清单 · 考点一：[句内层次题]　 完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。 [示例]　A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. 59. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable 【答案】C [解析]该题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案C。 [示例]　The amount and scale (规模) of environmental issues may seem too much for ordinary people. But with hard work and determination, anyone can 16 great things. 16． A．turn B．store C．achieve D．Promise 【答案】C 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了尹玉珍在沙漠中植树造林的真实故事，展现人类对抗自然困境的勇气与毅力。16题是句内层次题。。句意：但只要有努力和决心，任何人都可以实现伟大的事情。A. turn转变；B. store储存；C. achieve实现；D. promise承诺。前面说到“The amount and scale(规模)of environmental issues may seem too much for ordinary people.”，But表转折，是想强调只要有努力和决心，任何人都可以“实现”伟大的事情。故选C项。 · 考点二：[句组层次题]　 比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需前瞻后顾，综合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。 [示例] One day, Tim came home from school. His face was filled with sadness and 21 . His classmate had said hurtful things to him, 22 Tim to feel upset and discouraged. 21．A．hope B．confidence C．improvement D．anger 22．A．confusing B．attracting C．causing D．Assisting 【答案】21．D 22．C 【解析】根据句组间逻辑关系表并列sadness与anger; 22题因果关系。 21． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的脸上充满了悲伤和愤怒。A. hope希望；B. confidence自信；C. improvement 改善；D. anger生气。根据上文的“with sadness”和下文“His classmate had said hurtful things to him”可知，anger与sadness匹配，此处指蒂姆的表情是悲伤和生气的。故选D。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的同学对他说了些伤人的话，使蒂姆感到沮丧和沮丧。A. confusing使困惑；B. attracting吸引；C. causing引起；D. assisting帮助。根据下文“Tim to feel upset and discouraged.”可知，同学们的行为引起Tim不好的情绪。故选C。 [示例]The United States does not have a government office that regulates the film industry. Government, (1) _________, does link with the movie business in several ways. 1. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. otherwise 【解析】：A. therefore, 因此；B. moreover, 而且，此外；C. however, 然而；D. otherwise, 否则， 不然的话。根据关键信息 “... does not have ... , _________, does link with ...”可知本空 要填转折词，故填C。 · 考点三：【语篇层次题】 语篇层次题要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。这类题难度较大，一篇完形填空中，大约有2～3道此类题。不急于解答，读完全文后综合思维再做判定。语篇层次题的解答必须立足于整个语篇，因此在解题时对这类题目不能急于解答，要跨越段落，顺藤摸瓜，仔细比对，最终得出答案。具体来说，可以利用以下3种方法解答此类题目。 [示例] We never stop learning. The most important skill I picked up at school was keeping a routine. Routines allow us to develop a rhythm to our lives, but they also have their disadvantages . It can be easy to get so used to your routine that you don’t realize you’re no longer aware of your time. This can stop 34 , which means you start living your life on autopilot (自动驾驶）. 34．A．service B．play C．explanation D．advance 【答案】 D 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这会阻止进步，这意味着你开始自动驾驶你的生活。A. service服务；B. play游戏；C. explanation解释；D. advance进步。根据上文“Routines allow us to develop a rhythm to our lives, but they also have their  ___2___  .”可知，习惯也会有不利的一面，此处表示这会阻止人们的进步。故选D。 [示例] The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece, If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing 50 . What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, 51. in other words revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process. 50. A. technique B. style C. process D. career [解析]：参照下文第二段最后一句的“Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”可知答案C。process这个单词在下文复现。 【典题举隅】 I grew up with my identical twin. One thing about being a 1 is that it makes you an expert in spotting favoritism (偏爱). If his cookie was slightly bigger than mine, I was 2 although I wasn’t hungry. When I became a psychologist, I began to 3 how much more we 4 the body than we do the mind. I spent nine years earning my doctorate (博士学位) in psychology, and I can’t tell you how many people look at my business card and say, “Oh — a psychologist. So, not a 5 doctor.” This favoritism we show the body over the mind can be seen everywhere. I was at my friends’ house, and their five-year-old was standing on a stool (凳子), brushing his teeth. His skin on his leg was 6 when he fell from the stool. He immediately 7 for a box of Band-Aids to put one on his cut. This kid could 8 tie his shoelaces, but he knew he had to 9 a cut. We all know how to look after our physical health. But what about our psychological health? Well, nothing. We 10 psychological injuries even more often than we do physical ones, injuries like failure or loneliness. However, we often 11 them. Even though there are scientific techniques to 12 psychological injuries, we don’t. “Oh, you’re feeling depressed? Just 13 ; it’s all in your head.” Can you imagine saying that to somebody with a broken 14 : “Oh, just walk it off.” It’s time we made our physical and our psychological 15 more equal, more like twins. 1．A．hero B．twin C．winner D．artist 2．A．weak B．tired C．upset D．embarrassed 3．A．notice B．doubt C．worry D．deny 4．A．fuel B．value C．defend D．affect 5．A．private B．real C．potential D．responsible 6．A．burned B．twisted C．damaged D．dirtied 7．A．made up B．went in C．watched out D．reached out 8．A．readily B．voluntarily C．hardly D．carefully 9．A．avoid B．cover C．expose D．hide 10．A．dislike B．escape C．suffer D．overcome 11．A．fear B．hug C．ignore D．mistake 12．A．treat B．discover C．predict D．replace 13．A．keep it up B．check it out C．work it out D．shake it off 14．A．leg B．head C．back D．arm 15．A．benefit B．health C．wealth D．fame 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过双胞胎经历和小孩处理伤口的例子，揭示人们对身体与心理伤害的不同态度，强调应重视并平等对待心理健康。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为双胞胎之一，你会成为发现偏袒的专家。A. hero英雄；B. twin双胞胎；C. winner胜者；D. artist艺术家。根据上文“I grew up with my identical twin.”可知，作为双胞胎之一，作者成为发现偏爱的专家。故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果他的饼干比我的稍微大一点，我就会不高兴，尽管我不饿。A. weak虚弱的；B. tired疲惫的；C. upset不高兴的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“If his cookie was slightly bigger than mine”可知，作者会因为饼干大小的不平等而感到不高兴。故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我成为一名心理学家时，我开始注意到我们多么多地重视身体而不是思想。A. notice注意到；B. doubt怀疑；C. worry担心；D. deny否认。根据空后“how much more we  ____4____  the body than we do the mind”可知，这是作者成为心理学家后注意到的现象。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我成为一名心理学家时，我开始注意到我们多么多地重视身体而不是思想。A. fuel给……提供燃料；B. value重视；C. defend防御；D. affect影响。根据下文“This favoritism we show the body over the mind can be seen everywhere.”可知，这里是指人们更重视身体而非心理。故选B。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了九年时间获得心理学博士学位，但我不能告诉你有多少人看了我的名片后说：“哦，心理学家。所以，不是真正的医生。”A. private私人的；B. real真实的；C. potential潜在的；D. responsible负责的。根据上文“Oh—a psychologist.”以及空前“So, not a”可知，人们认为心理学家不是“真正的”医生，因为他们通常将“医生”这个词与治疗身体疾病的医疗专家联系在一起。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从凳子上摔下来时，腿上的皮肤擦伤了。A. burned烧伤；B. twisted扭曲；C. damaged损伤；D. dirtied弄脏。根据下文“when he fell from the stool”及常识可知，从凳子上摔下来可能会导致皮肤擦伤或受损。故选C。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他立刻伸手去拿一盒创可贴贴在他的伤口上。A. made up组成；B. went in进入；C. watched out小心；D. reached out伸出。根据下文“for a box of Band-Aids to put one on his cut”可知，小男孩伸手去拿创可贴。故选D。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这孩子几乎不会系鞋带，但他知道他必须处理伤口。A. readily乐意地；B. voluntarily自愿地；C. hardly几乎不；D. carefully仔细地。根据转折连词but可知，此句通过对比，说明小男孩虽然年纪小，生活技能不熟练，几乎不会系鞋带，但对处理伤口却有基本的认识。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这孩子几乎不会系鞋带，但他知道他必须处理伤口。A. avoid避免；B. cover覆盖；C. expose暴露；D. hide隐藏。根据上文“put one on his cut”可知，这里是说要用创可贴等“覆盖”伤口，也就是处理伤口。故选B。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们遭受心理伤害的频率甚至比身体伤害还要高，比如失败或孤独。A. dislike不喜欢；B. escape逃脱；C. suffer遭受；D. overcome克服。根据下文“psychological injuries even more often than we do physical ones”可知，这里指遭受心理伤害。故选C。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们经常忽视它们。A. fear害怕；B. hug拥抱；C. ignore忽视；D. mistake误解。根据上文描述及转折词“However”可知，尽管心理伤害频繁发生，但我们常常选择忽视它们。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管有一些科学方法可以治疗心理创伤，但我们却没有这样做。A. treat治疗；B. discover发现；C. predict预测；D. replace代替。根据下文上文“there are scientific techniques”及“psychological injuries”及语境可知，此处指的是有治疗心理创伤的方法。故选A。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“哦，你感到沮丧？摆脱它；那都是你的想象。”A. keep it up保持；B. check it out检查；C. work it out解决；D. shake it off摆脱它。根据上文“Oh, you’re feeling depressed?”及下文的“it’s all in your head”可知，这里是一种轻描淡写的安慰，让对方仅仅摆脱沮丧即可。故选D。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你能想象对一个断了腿的人说：“哦，走走就好了。”吗？A. leg腿；B. head头；C. back背；D. arm手臂。根据上文“walk it off”可知，这里是比喻，用“断腿”来类比心理创伤，指出我们通常不会对身体伤害如此轻视。故选A。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：是时候让我们对身体和心理的健康给予同等的、更像双胞胎般的关注了。A. benefit利益；B. health健康；C. wealth财富；D. fame名声。根据全文主题及上文对身体和心理伤害的讨论可知，这里呼吁对身心健康给予平等的关注。故选B。 Growing up, I hated every girl who could skip. I sat inside at recess (课间休息), 1 all the skippers. No matter how hard I tried, I just couldn’t get the steps 2 . My older sister tried to teach me, but with no 3 . My failures stopped me from trying skipping and other recess activities. But my fears didn’t last long, 4 a fifth grade teacher named Miss Lyon. She sat down in the hallway (过道) during recess with me one day and said, “It can be 5 out there, can’t it?” I nodded, holding back my tears. We sat silently. The sounds of bouncing (弹跳的) balls and whistles from outside interrupted the 6 . I had to 7 , it sounded like so much fun. After a few minutes, she looked at me and 8 me I would find my own people. Then she gave me some advice: “Walk out onto that playground like it’s yours.” And she 9 the door to the outside. I 10 the playground. Before my eyes even adjusted to the sunlight, a sweaty boy named Mike Bowen sent out a(n) 11 . Batman, Superman and Aquaman were over at the eagle’s nest fighting crime. They needed a Wonder Woman. They 12 me. They didn’t care that I couldn’t 13 . They’d seen me climb to the top of the monkey bars like a pro (老手). Miss Lyon poured life and purpose into a 14 young person who was just one kind word away from finding her 15 . 1．A．persuading B．introducing C．teaching D．watching 2．A．popular B．ready C．right D．visible 3．A．condition B．success C．effort D．realization 4．A．regardless of B．instead of C．apart from D．thanks to 5．A．formal B．fair C．unique D．rough 6．A．order B．quiet C．rhythm D．plan 7．A．check B．prove C．pretend D．admit 8．A．promised B．discovered C．ignored D．forgot 9．A．decorated B．cleaned C．repaired D．opened 10．A．benefited from B．adjusted to C．stepped onto D．pointed at 11．A．message B．invitation C．signal D．answer 12．A．needed B．found C．bothered D．confused 13．A．talk B．climb C．run D．skip 14．A．helpful B．lonely C．creative D．selfless 15．A．bravery B．freedom C．imagination D．reputation 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了“我”因不会跳绳而害怕课间活动，感到孤独自卑，直到五年级老师Miss Lyon鼓励“我”走出教室，最终“我”被同学接纳，找回勇气的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：课间休息时我坐在教室里，看着所有跳绳的人。A. persuading说服；B. introducing介绍；C. teaching教；D. watching观看。根据前文“I hated every girl who could skip. I sat inside at recess”可知，“我”因不会跳绳而躲在教室，只能观看其他同学活动。故选D项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论我怎么努力，就是无法把步骤弄对。A. popular流行的；B. ready准备好的；C. right正确的；D. visible可见的。根据后文“My failures stopped me from trying skipping”可知，“我”尝试跳绳失败，说明无法掌握正确的步骤。get sth. right表示“把某事弄对”。故选C项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我姐姐试图教我，但没有成功。A. condition条件；B. success成功；C. effort努力；D. realization领悟。根据前文“No matter how hard I tried, I just couldn’t get the steps ____2____ .”以及“My failures stopped me from trying skipping and other recess activities.”可知，姐姐的教导没有带来成功。故选B项。 4．考查介词短语辨析。句意：但我的恐惧没有持续多久，多亏了一位五年级的Lyon老师。A. regardless of不管；B. instead of代替；C. apart from除了；D. thanks to多亏。根据后文“She sat down in the hallway (过道) during recess with me one day and said, “It can be ____5____ out there, can’t it?” I nodded, holding back my tears.”Lyon老师帮助“我”走出困境可知，“我”的恐惧消失是多亏了这位老师。故选D项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天课间休息时，她和我坐在走廊里，说：“外面可能很艰难，对吧？”A. formal正式的；B. fair公平的；C. unique独特的；D. rough艰难的，不愉快的。根据前文“Growing up, I hated every girl who could skip.”以及“My failures stopped me from trying skipping and other recess activities.”可知，“我”因不会跳绳而害怕课间活动，觉得外面的世界对自己来说很艰难。故选D项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：外面弹跳的球和哨声打断了寂静。A. order秩序；B. quiet安静；C. rhythm节奏；D. plan计划。根据前文 “I nodded, holding back my tears. We sat silently. The sounds of bouncing (弹跳的) balls and whistles from outside”可知，“我”和老师安静地坐着，此时外界的声音打破了寂静。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不承认，这听起来很有趣。A. check检查；B. prove证明；C. pretend假装；D. admit承认。根据“The sounds of bouncing (弹跳的) balls and whistles from outside interrupted the 　　6　　. I had to 　　7　　, it sounded like so much fun.”可知，尽管“我”因害怕而躲在教室，但内心不得不承认外面的活动很有趣。故选D项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，她看着我，向我保证我会找到属于自己的伙伴。A. promised承诺；保证；B. discovered发现；C. ignored忽视；D. forgot忘记。根据“Then she gave me some advice: “Walk out onto that playground like it’s yours.”可知，老师为了鼓励“我”，“保证”“我”会找到同伴，同时给我一些建议来找到同伴，符合人物关系和情感逻辑。故选A项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她打开了通往外面的门。A. decorated装饰；B. cleaned清理；C. repaired修理；D. opened打开。根据后文“I 　　10　　 the playground.”可知，老师打开门，引导“我”走向操场。故选D项。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我走上了操场。A. benefited from受益于；B. adjusted to适应；C. stepped onto踏上；D. pointed at指着。根据前文““Walk out onto that playground like it’s yours.” And she 　　9　　 the door to the outside.”以及后文“Before my eyes even adjusted to the sunlight”可知，“我”在老师的鼓励下踏上操场。故选C项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个叫迈克・鲍文的满头大汗的男孩发出了邀请。A. message信息；B. invitation邀请；C. signal信号；D. answer回答。根据后文“Batman, Superman and Aquaman were over at the eagle’s nest fighting crime. They needed a Wonder Woman.”可知，男孩邀请“我”加入他们的游戏，发出邀请。故选B项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们需要我。A. needed需要；B. found找到；C. bothered打扰；D. confused使困惑。根据前文“They needed a Wonder Woman”可知，同学们需要“我”扮演神奇女侠这个角色。故选A项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不在乎我不会跳绳。A. talk交谈；B. climb攀爬；C. run奔跑；D. skip跳绳。根据前文“Growing up, I hated every girl who could skip.”以及“No matter how hard I tried, I just couldn’t get the steps 　　2　　.”可知，“我”的主要困境是不会跳绳，而同学们需要“我”扮演神奇女侠这个角色，所以并不介意这一点。故选D项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Lyon老师给一个孤独的年轻人注入了活力和目标，这个年轻人只差一句温暖的话就能找到勇气。A. helpful有帮助的；B. lonely孤独的；C. creative有创造力的；D. selfless无私的。根据前文“I sat inside at recess (课间休息), 　　1　　 all the skippers.”可知“我”因害怕和失败而感到孤独。故选B项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lyon老师给一个孤独的年轻人注入了活力和目标，这个年轻人只差一句温暖的话就能找到勇气。A. bravery勇气；B. freedom自由；C. imagination想象力；D. reputation声誉。根据前文“Then she gave me some advice: “Walk out onto that playground like it’s yours.” And she ____9____ the door to the outside.”及“我”最终加入同学的游戏可知，老师的鼓励让我找到了走出教室的“勇气”。故选A项。 一、完形填空（记叙文） I was then in my early twenties. Even though I was armed with a degree in Education, finding a 1 teaching job was not easy. I had to try some temporary ones. This year, when a golden opportunity 2 to teach 5th grade students in a local school, I 3 it and took things seriously. I 4 myself with lesson plans, taught with enthusiasm, and stayed 5 with the students. I had no hesitation in 6 the kids when they got the answer right, and encouraged them if they didn’t. One day when the kids were 7 , a girl approached and handed me a 8 before she went home. On it was a lovely drawing full of childlike wonder, accompanied by the 9 , “You are the best teacher I have ever had!” It really amazed me that one of my kind comments had 10 that girl’s heart greatly. I took that note home and 11 put it in a folder, looking on it as a 12 . Anytime I was feeling down I would look at it and it proved to be a 13 . That experience showed me the 14 of just a single kind word. It encouraged me to continue to try my best each day to 15 love and kindness through my words and actions. Wish the same for others. 1．A．full-time B．well-paid C．labor-saving D．first-rate 2．A．escaped B．demanded C．arose D．arranged 3．A．dreamed of B．thought about C．hunted for D．jumped at 4．A．contented B．amused C．concerned D．busied 5．A．familiar B．positive C．tough D．connected 6．A．lecturing B．supporting C．congratulating D．instructing 7．A．graded B．dismissed C．tested D．taught 8．A．note B．gift C．parcel D．book 9．A．letters B．questions C．characters D．words 10．A．hardened B．broken C．touched D．stole 11．A．simply B．casually C．carefully D．eagerly 12．A．reminder B．barrier C．proof D．secret 13．A．comfort B．fortune C．fantasy D．recovery 14．A．target B．application C．principle D．power 15．A．clarify B．spread C．feel D．find 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在当地一所学校教五年级学生时，某次收到了一个女孩的纸条，纸条上说作者是最好的老师，因为作者一句善意的评论深深地打动了那个女孩的心。作者小心收藏起纸条，纸条也鼓励作者继续每天尽最大的努力，通过言行来传播爱和善良。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我拥有教育学学位，但找到一份全职的教学工作并不容易。A. full-time全职的；B. well-paid高薪的；C. labor-saving节省劳力的；D. first-rate第一流的。根据后文“I had to try some temporary ones.(我不得不尝试一些临时的工作)”可知，作者不得不尝试一些临时的工作，说明找到一份全职的教学工作并不容易。故选A。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年，当地一所学校出现了一个教五年级学生的绝佳机会。A. escaped逃离，逃走；B. demanded坚决要求；C. arose出现，产生；D. arranged安排，筹备。根据上文的“finding a ___1___ teaching job was not easy.”和下文的“took things seriously”以及对作者尽心尽力地教学、认真对待学生的描述可知，此处指当一个绝佳的机会出现时，作者迫不及待地抓住这次机会。故选C。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我欣然接受，认真对待。A. dreamt of梦想；B. thought about考虑：C. hunted for寻找；D. jumped at迫不及待地接受，欣然接受（机会或提议）。根据后文“I ___4___ myself with lesson plans, taught with enthusiasm, and stayed ___5___ with the students.”可知，作者尽心尽力地教学、认真对待学生。所以此处指当一个绝佳的机会出现时，作者迫不及待地抓住这次机会。故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我忙于制定课程计划，充满热情地教学，并对学生保持积极的态度。A. contented满足；B. amused逗笑；C. concerned涉及；D. busied使忙于（做某事）。根据上文的“took things seriously”可知，此处指作者忙于课程计划。此处是固定搭配：busy oneself with sth.意为“忙着做某事”。故选D。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我忙于制定课程计划，充满热情地教学，并对学生保持积极的态度。A. familiar熟悉的；B. positive积极的；C. tough艰难的，严厉的；D. connected连接的。根据上文的“taught with enthusiasm”和下文作者对学生的态度可知，此处强调作者始终积极地对待学生。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们回答正确时，我会毫不犹豫地祝贺他们，如果他们没有回答正确，我会鼓励他们。A. lecturing演讲；B. supporting支持；C. congratulating祝贺；D. instructing指示。根据下文的“when they got the answer right, and encouraged them if they didn’t”并结合常识可知，学生回答问题正确时作者会向他们表示祝贺。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，孩子们放学了，一个女孩走到我面前，在回家之前递给我一张纸条。A. graded分级；B. dismissed解散；C. tested考验；D. taught教。根据下文的“before she went home”可知，此处表示一天，当学生放学时。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，孩子们放学了，一个女孩走到我面前，在回家之前递给我一张纸条。A. note便条；B. gift礼物；C. parcel包裹；D. book书。根据下文的“I took that note home”可知，一个女孩走过来给了作者一张便笺。故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：上面是一幅可爱的画，充满了孩子般的好奇，并配上了这样一句话：“您是我遇到过的最好的老师！” A. letters信；B. questions问题；C. characters性格；D. words话语。根据后文“You are the best teacher I have ever had!”可知，孩子给作者写了话，故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我的一句善意的话深深地打动了那个女孩的心。A. hardened硬化；B. broken损坏；C. touched感动；D. stole偷窃。根据上文的“You are the best teacher I have ever had”可知，作者善意的话语触动了那个女孩的心。故选C。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我把那张便条带回家，并小心翼翼地将其放入一个文件夹中，把它当作一份提醒之用。A. simply简单地；B. casually随意地；C. carefully小心；D. eagerly急切地。根据后文“because it was very important.”可知，它非常重要，所以应是小心翼翼地放在一个文件夹里符合实际。故选C。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把那张便条带回家，并小心翼翼地将其放入一个文件夹中，把它当作一份提醒之用。A. reminder引起回忆的事物；B. barrier障碍；C. proof证明；D. secret秘密。根据上文的“I took that note home and…put it in a folder”和下文的“because it was very important”可知，作者很珍视这个便笺，把它视为一个提醒物。故选A。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我情绪低落的时候，我就会看看它，事实证明它是一种安慰。A. comfort安慰；B. fortune财富；C. fantasy幻想；D. recovery恢复。根据上文的“Anytime I was feeling down I would look at it”可知，每次作者感到情绪低沉时，都会看看这张便笺。由此可知，这张便笺对作者来说是一种安慰。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次经历向我展示了一句友善的话语的力量。A. target目标；B. application应用；C. principle原则；D. power力量。根据后文“It encouraged me to continue to try my best each day to ___15___ love and kindness through my words and actions.”可知，那句话一直鼓励着作者，所以是向他展示了一句友善的话语的力量。故选D。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它鼓励我继续每天尽我最大的努力，通过我的言行来传播爱和善良。A. clarify澄清；B. spread传播；C. feel感觉到；D. find找到。根据后文“love and kindness through my words and actions”结合选项可知，应是“通过我的言行来传播爱和善良”符合语境。故选B。 二、完形填空（说明文） Body language is the quietest, most secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 16 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 17 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really 18 . And body language is particularly 19 when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so 20 a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 21 , different societies often treat the 22 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends, and certainly not with 23 . People from Latin American countries, 24 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it’s possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is 25 a Norwegian all around the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving closer. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 26 — which the Latino will in return regard as 27 . Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 28 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from different cultures, there’s a strong possibility of 29 . But whatever the situation, the best advice is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 30 . 16．A．sharper B．louder C．harder D．further 17．A．sounds B．opinions C．feelings D．messages 18．A．assist B．receive C．discover D．mean 19．A．immediate B．various C．important D．difficult 20．A．well B．far C．much D．long 21．A．For example B．Thus C．However D．In short 22．A．profit B．distance C．effect D．image 23．A．strangers B．partners C．neighbors D．enemies 24．A．in other words B．on the other hand C．in a similar way D．by all means 25．A．disturbing B．helping C．guiding D．following 26．A．stepping forward B．going on C．backing away D．coming out 27．A．weakness B．rudeness C．friendliness D．coldness 28．A．talk B．explore C．laugh D．think 29．A．curiosity B．eagerness C．misunderstanding D．tension 30．A．noticed B．treated C．concerned D．satisfied 【答案】 16．B 17．D 18．D 19．C 20．C 21．A 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了肢体语言在人际交往和跨文化交流中的重要性，不同文化背景下肢体语言的差异可能导致误解，并提出遵循 “己所不欲，勿施于人” 这一黄金法则来避免误解。 16．考查副词比较级词义辨析。句意：它比言语更有说服力。A. sharper更准时地；B. louder更大声地（此处表示更有说服力）；C. harder更努力地；D. further更进一步。根据前文“Body language is the quietest, most powerful language of all!”可知，肢体语言是最强大的语言，所以它比言语更能表达意思，即更有说服力，故选B。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：据专家说，我们的身体发出的信息比我们意识到的要多。A. sounds声音；B. opinions观点；C. feelings感觉；D. messages信息。根据上文“Body language is the quietest, most secret and most powerful language of all!”可知，身体语言传递的是信息，故选D。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，非语言交流约占我们真正想表达内容的 50%。A. assist帮助；B. receive接收；C. discover发现；D. mean意味着，想表达。根据“non-verbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really ”可知，这里指我们真正想表达的内容，故选D。 19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们试图进行跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤为重要。A. immediate立即的；B. various各种各样的；C. important重要的；D. difficult困难的。根据下文“when we attempt to communicate across cultures.”可知，在跨文化交流中，肢体语言很重要，故选C。 20．考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，所谓的肢体语言是我们自身如此重要的一部分，以至于它常常不被注意到。A. well好；B. far远；C. much非常，很大程度上；D. long长久。根据下文“a part of us”可知，肢体语言是我们自身如此重要的一部分。so much a part of 表示 “是…… 如此重要的一部分”，故选C。 21．考查短语及副词辨析。句意：例如，不同的社会往往对人与人之间的距离有不同的看法。A. For example例如；B. Thus因此；C. However然而；D. In short总之。根据下文“Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends”可知，这里是举例说明肢体语言导致误解，故选A。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，不同的社会往往对人与人之间的距离有不同的看法。A. profit利润；B. distance距离；C. effect影响；D. image形象。根据后文“Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends, and certainly not with... People from Latin American countries, ..., touch each other quite a lot.”提到北欧人和拉丁美洲人对身体接触的不同态度，即对人与人之间距离的看法不同，故选B。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：北欧人通常不喜欢与朋友有身体接触，当然更不喜欢与陌生人有身体接触。A. strangers陌生人；B. partners伙伴；C. neighbors邻居；D. enemies敌人。根据前文“Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends”可知，北欧人不喜欢和朋友有身体接触，更不喜欢和陌生人，故选A。 24．考查短语辨析。句意：另一方面，拉丁美洲国家的人相互之间接触较多。A. in other words换句话说；B. on the other hand另一方面；C. in a similar way以类似的方式；D. by all means务必。这里与北欧人情况对比，用 on the other hand，故选B。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在交谈中，可能看起来一个拉丁美洲人在房间里一直跟着一个挪威人。A. disturbing打扰；B. helping帮助；C. guiding引导；D. following跟随。根据下文“The Latino, trying to express friendship”可知，因为拉丁美洲人想靠近表示友好，而挪威人不喜欢身体接触，因此躲避，所以像拉丁美洲人在跟着挪威人，故选D。 26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：挪威人很可能会把这视为鲁莽，会一直往后退 —— 而拉丁美洲人反过来会认为这是冷漠。A. stepping forward向前走；B. going on继续；C. backing away后退；D. coming out出现在公众视野。根据上文“The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness”可知，挪威人不喜欢靠近，所以会后退，故选C。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：挪威人很可能会把这视为鲁莽，会一直往后退 —— 而拉丁美洲人反过来会认为这是冷漠。A. weakness弱点；B. rudeness粗鲁；C. friendliness友好；D. coldness冷漠。根据“ The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving closer. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 11 ”可知，友好的拉丁美洲人会觉得挪威人的后退是冷漠，故选D。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，当人们交谈时，很多事情在发生。A. talk交谈；B. explore探索；C. laugh笑；D. think思考。根据上文“when we attempt to communicate across cultures.”可知，文章主要讲交谈中的肢体语言，故选A。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当双方来自不同文化时，很有可能产生误解。A. curiosity好奇；B. eagerness渴望；C. misunderstanding误解；D. tension紧张。根据前文“when parties are from different cultures”可知，不同文化背景下肢体语言差异易导致误解，故选C。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但无论情况如何，最好的建议是遵循黄金法则：己所不欲，勿施于人。A. noticed注意到；B. treated对待；C. concerned关心；D. satisfied使满意。根据前文“treat others”可知，这里指像你希望被对待的方式那样去对待别人，故选B。 三、完形填空（议论文） Nowadays computers have become an important part in our daily life. We 31 in touch with our friends through the Internet, we write many short pieces about the wonderful things we are 32 by clicking the keyboard, and sometimes we also 33 computers to do business. Computers have changed our 34 in many aspects. However, here comes the problem: we are too 35 on computers. It is 36 to find that lots of people always make many mistakes in writing with a pen, and some of them even have   37 their inspiration (灵感) because they have got used to 38 articles from computers. There is no 39 that computers have made a great contribution to improving our 40 of life, making it easier and more convenient, but we shouldn’t ignore the 41 of keeping our ability to do things with our own head. One day, 42 would seem to be everywhere, but we would suffer (遭受) a lot if we become too dependent on them. Imagine that in a(n) 43 where you are required to write a paper with your pen. 44 , you find yourself unable to remember the 45 spellings of several words, or that you cannot get your own ideas without searching for information from a computer, and that would put you into anxiety. But I don’t want to seek perfection any more. 31．A．fail B．keep C．succeed D．end 32．A．worried about B．bored with C．sorry for D．interested in 33．A．use B．explore C．switch D．restart 34．A．habit B．hobby C．life D．mind 35．A．hard B．keen C．dependent D．afraid 36．A．surprising B．exciting C．satisfying D．inspiring 37．A．showed B．discovered C．improved D．lost 38．A．creating B．choosing C．copying D．stealing 39．A．doubt B．reason C．secret D．problem 40．A．direction B．quality C．length D．type 41．A．possibility B．importance C．condition D．chance 42．A．letters B．emails C．messages D．computers 43．A．state B．way C．case D．event 44．A．However B．Therefore C．Besides D．Moreover 45．A．same B．correct C．common D．special 【答案】 31．B 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．C 36．A 37．D 38．C 39．A 40．B 41．B 42．D 43．C 44．A 45．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讲述了电脑在给我们带来方便的同时也带来了许多问题。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们通过互联网与朋友保持联系，我们通过点击键盘写下许多关于我们感兴趣的美好事物的短文，有时我们也用电脑做生意。A. fail失败；B. keep保持；C. succeed成功；D. end结束。根据上文“Nowadays computers have become an important part in our daily life.”以及下文“…in touch with our friends through the Internet”可知，这里表达我们通过网络和朋友保持联系，“keep in touch with” 是固定短语，意为“与…… 保持联系”。故选B项。 32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们通过互联网与朋友保持联系，我们通过点击键盘写下许多关于我们感兴趣的美好事物的短文，有时我们也用电脑做生意。A. (be) worried about担心；B. bored with对……感到厌烦；C. (be) sorry for为……感到抱歉；D. (be) interested in对……感兴趣。根据上文“we write many short pieces about the wonderful things we are …”，尤其是“wonderful things”（美好的事物）可知，应该是我们对这些美好的事物感兴趣才会写关于它们的短文，“be interested in”意为“对…… 感兴趣”。故选D项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们通过互联网与朋友保持联系，我们通过点击键盘写下许多关于我们感兴趣的美好事物的短文，有时我们也用电脑做生意。A. use使用；B. explore探索；C. switch转换；D. restart重启。根据下文“computers to do business”，这里表达有时我们也用电脑做生意，“use sth. to do sth.”（用某物做某事）。故选A项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：计算机在许多方面改变了我们的生活。A. habit习惯；B. hobby爱好；C. life生活；D. mind思维。根据前文“Nowadays computers have become an important part in our daily life.”以及“Computers have changed our 　　4　　 in many aspects.”可知，电脑在很多方面改变了我们的生活。故选C项。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，问题来了：我们太依赖电脑了。A. hard困难的；B. keen热衷的；C. dependent依靠的；D. afraid害怕的。根据后文“but we would suffer (遭受) a lot if we become too dependent on them.”可知，这里说的是我们太依赖电脑了。故选C项。 36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，很多人在用笔写作时总是犯很多错误，有些人甚至失去了灵感，因为他们已经习惯了从电脑上抄袭文章。A. surprising令人惊讶的；B. exciting令人激动的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据下文“find that lots of people always make many mistakes in writing with a pen”可知，发现很多人用钢笔写字时总是犯很多错误，这是令人惊讶的。故选A项。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，很多人在用笔写作时总是犯很多错误，有些人甚至失去了灵感，因为他们已经习惯了从电脑上抄袭文章。A. showed展示；B. discovered发现；C. improved提高；D. lost失去。根据句意以及下文“because they have got used to 　　8　　 articles from computers.”可知，因为习惯从电脑上获取东西，所以一些人甚至失去了灵感。故选D项。 38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，很多人在用笔写作时总是犯很多错误，有些人甚至失去了灵感，因为他们已经习惯了从电脑上抄袭文章。A. creating创造；B. choosing选择；C. copying抄袭；D. stealing偷取。根据“because they have got used to 　　8　　 articles from computers.”结合上文提到的失去灵感，这里应该是习惯从电脑上抄袭文章。故选C项。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，计算机对提高我们的生活质量做出了巨大的贡献，使它更容易、更方便，但是我们不应该忽视保持我们用自己的头脑做事的能力的重要性。A. doubt怀疑；B. reason原因；C. secret秘密；D. problem问题。根据下文“There is no ____9____that computers have made a great contribution to improving our 　　10　　 of life”，“there is no doubt that...”是固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”。故选A项。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，计算机对提高我们的生活质量做出了巨大的贡献，使它更容易、更方便，但是我们不应该忽视保持我们用自己的头脑做事的能力的重要性。A. direction方向；B. quality质量；C. length长度；D. type类型。根据下文“making it easier and more convenient”可知，电脑让生活更轻松、更方便，所以是提高了我们的生活质量。故选B项。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，计算机对提高我们的生活质量做出了巨大的贡献，使它更容易、更方便，但是我们不应该忽视保持我们用自己的头脑做事的能力的重要性。A. possibility可能性；B. importance重要性；C. condition条件；D. chance机会。根据句意以及下文“…of keeping our ability to do things with our own head.”结合前文提到的人们依赖电脑的问题，这里说我们不应该忽视用自己头脑做事能力的重要性。故选B项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，电脑似乎无处不在，但我们会遭受很多如果我们变得过于依赖他们。A. letters信件；B. emails邮件；C. messages信息；D. computers电脑。根据下文“would seem to be everywhere, but we would suffer (遭受) a lot if we become too dependent on them.”可知，这里说的是如果我们太依赖它们会遭受很多痛苦，结合前文说的是电脑，所以这里指电脑似乎会无处不在。故选D项。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：想象一下，在一种情况下，你被要求用你的笔写一篇论文。A. state状态；B. way方式；C. case情况；D. event事件。根据“Imagine that in a (n) 　　13　　where you are required to write a paper with your pen.”，这里表示在一种要求你用钢笔写论文的情况下，“in a case where...”表示“在……的情况下”。故选C项。 44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，你发现自己记不住几个单词的正确拼写，或者你不从电脑上搜索信息就无法获得自己的想法，这将使你陷入焦虑。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Besides此外；D. Moreover此外。根据“Imagine that in a(n)　　13　　 where you are required to write a paper with your pen. 　　14　　, you find yourself unable to remember the 　　15　　 spellings of several words”可知，前面说要求用钢笔写论文，后面说发现自己记不住几个单词的正确拼写，前后是转折关系。故选A项。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，你发现自己记不住几个单词的正确拼写，或者你不从电脑上搜索信息就无法获得自己的想法，这将使你陷入焦虑。A. same相同的；B. correct正确的；C. common共同的；D. special特殊的。根据上文“you find yourself unable to remember the”以及下文“spellings of several words”可知，这里说的是记不住几个单词的正确拼写。故选B项。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衔接点19 完形填空之高分秘诀（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 初中完形填空文章多以记叙文为主,话题贴近学生生活,涵盖了校园生活、家庭生活、人际交往、自我完善、人生态度、人物经历、励志故事和人生感悟等。挖空点主要有10个空，部分地区15个空。 高中英语完形填空，语篇较长，说明文或议论文居多，挖空点15个。备选项以实词为主；命题主要思路：语义优先于语法原则；上下文语境分析原则。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：备选项侧重以实词为主，主要以名词、动词、形容词为多、少量涉及副词、连词、介词短语及动词短语辨析。 高中阶段考查形式：备选项以实词为主，涉及名、动、形、副四类词，有时亦会考察逻辑衔接词或短语，突出词汇等选项在语境及篇章结构环境下的最优匹配。 【初中考点聚焦】 【题型解读】 初中完形填空一般以记叙文或夹叙夹议文为主，主题语境包括人与自我，人与社会，人与自然。侧重考查在具体语境中运用词汇知识的能力，降低了对单词本身用法的考查，少量数词生义和一词多义的考查。选材内容源于真实生活，以人物思想和行为为中心，体现理性思维，人文情怀、参与社会的人文素养等正能量；以时间或空间的变化为线索，按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述；时态上多以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。 【解题策略】 · 上下文推理题：从整体角度考虑，结合上下文语境才能判断出最佳答案。 · 逻辑推理题：注意对文章内容进行逻辑分析、推理判断。理解上下文的内在关联和连贯意义。 · 词汇复现题：有些答案是会在上下文中重复出现的，关注语境，读懂题意，选出答案。 · 生活常识题：注意文化背景和生活常识，利用上下文线索,分析句子的关系。 · 语境推断题：注意对文章发生的背景，所处环境进行分析，进而理解语境，利用上下文线索，找到关键提示词或句子，选出答案。 · 固定搭配题：注意英语中的固定搭配、习惯用语及短语的运用。 【考点诠释】 （一）、利用文章首句信息解题 完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它作为一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项选择。首句或前几句话都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，它提供的信息是把握全文主旨的关键，可以帮助考生判断全文大意甚至全文主题。所以利用首句信息解题是处理完形填空中任何问题都必须遵循的步骤，掌握好了首句，有助于抓住文章主旨，因而我们才可以通过上下文确定文章所要前进的方向。 【示例】 Once there was a teenage boy who was known as a fast runner in his village. He only 1 about winning every race and becoming more successful. 1．A．heard B．talked C．cared D．learned （二）、寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理 如果题目中的四个选项从词汇搭配，语法角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词，句，段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，此时需要从上下文中寻找有关的提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住关键信息，理顺句与句之间的关系，确定合理的答案。 【示例】Their ____30____ language helps me know when to adjust class activities, and when to talk to students separately, so they can all get the most out of school. 30. A. body B. spoken C. written D. foreign （三）、利用上下文逻辑关系解题 完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、并列、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。 【示例】So we should always keep improving ourselves 20 try to understand our true value. 20．A．and B．so C．but D．or （四）、巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断 同义词，近义词，反义词是借助意思相同，相近或相反的表达方式或解释性语言使上下文的意思得以连接起来。因此，做题时，应充分注意分析上下文中出现的解释性语言。对于上下文意思复现的表达，可以借助于复现信息的同根词来补全信息，巧妙运用词汇复现，轻松选择判断。　　 【示例】 When they finished, Jack looked at their misshapen (奇形怪状的) robot. He couldn’t stop smiling. “I think it’s the best ____30____ I have ever built. Now I have to write my report,” Jack said, hugging Grandpa. “Thank you, Grandpa. I had a lot of fun.” 30. A. room B. table C. schoolbag D. robot 【示例】I remember the year when I was seven years old. I ___16___ a pretty hair clip from a girl in my dance class. ..........What a bad end I would come to if I became a thief—people would not trust me any more. 16. A. borrowed B. discovered C. stole D. pulled （五）、熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题 短语动词在完形填空题中是比较常见的，占有一定的比例。这类短语有两种考查方式：一种是四个选项中只有一个搭配是正确的；另一种是四个选项的搭配不止一个正确，这时考生须借助上下文的意思作出适当的判断。 【示例】 It’s easy to see when students show interest in a lesson. Most ____19____ and make eye contact. They lean forward and look at me. 19. A. look down B. look up C. look back D. look through （六）、上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断 语境题在完形填空题中已占有一半题量，因此，利用好文章的语境关系就能对文章进行准确性地逻辑判断，在理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息从而确定答案。其具体方法就是认真读原文，找出反映语境的标志性的词汇或句子，并大胆预测下文。 【示例】One day, I was receiving my thirteenth operation in the hospital. Being away from my friends and school was causing me almost as much ___3___ as the operation itself. 3. A. fun B. pain C. value D. danger 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 高中英语完形填空，语篇较长，记叙文为主，说明文或议论文为辅，挖空点15个。不仅考查学生对词汇、语法等基础知识的综合运用能力，而且考查学生的逻辑推理和篇章结构理解能力。历年完形填空选材科学，结构清晰，主题明显，但文章阅读难易度指数(Readability)一般较大，区分度高，是历年高考得分率较低的题型之一。备选项以实词为主，涉及名、动、形、副四类词，有时亦会考察逻辑衔接词或短语，突出词汇等选项在语境及篇章结构环境下的最优匹配。命题主要思路：语义优先于语法原则；上下文语境分析原则。 考点清单 · 考点一：[句内层次题]　 完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。 [示例]　A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. 59. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable [示例]　The amount and scale (规模) of environmental issues may seem too much for ordinary people. But with hard work and determination, anyone can 16 great things. 16． A．turn B．store C．achieve D．Promise 句内层次题 · 考点二：[句组层次题]　 比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需前瞻后顾，综合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。 [示例] One day, Tim came home from school. His face was filled with sadness and 21 . His classmate had said hurtful things to him, 22 Tim to feel upset and discouraged. 21．A．hope B．confidence C．improvement D．anger 22．A．confusing B．attracting C．causing D．Assisting [示例]The United States does not have a government office that regulates the film industry. Government, (1) _________, does link with the movie business in several ways. 1. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. otherwise · 考点三：【语篇层次题】 语篇层次题要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。这类题难度较大，一篇完形填空中，大约有2～3道此类题。不急于解答，读完全文后综合思维再做判定。语篇层次题的解答必须立足于整个语篇，因此在解题时对这类题目不能急于解答，要跨越段落，顺藤摸瓜，仔细比对，最终得出答案。具体来说，可以利用以下3种方法解答此类题目。 [示例] We never stop learning. The most important skill I picked up at school was keeping a routine. Routines allow us to develop a rhythm to our lives, but they also have their disadvantages . It can be easy to get so used to your routine that you don’t realize you’re no longer aware of your time. This can stop 34 , which means you start living your life on autopilot (自动驾驶）. 34．A．service B．play C．explanation D．advance [示例] The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece, If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing 50 . What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, 51. in other words revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process. 50. A. technique B. style C. process D. career 【典题举隅】 I grew up with my identical twin. One thing about being a 1 is that it makes you an expert in spotting favoritism (偏爱). If his cookie was slightly bigger than mine, I was 2 although I wasn’t hungry. When I became a psychologist, I began to 3 how much more we 4 the body than we do the mind. I spent nine years earning my doctorate (博士学位) in psychology, and I can’t tell you how many people look at my business card and say, “Oh — a psychologist. So, not a 5 doctor.” This favoritism we show the body over the mind can be seen everywhere. I was at my friends’ house, and their five-year-old was standing on a stool (凳子), brushing his teeth. His skin on his leg was 6 when he fell from the stool. He immediately 7 for a box of Band-Aids to put one on his cut. This kid could 8 tie his shoelaces, but he knew he had to 9 a cut. We all know how to look after our physical health. But what about our psychological health? Well, nothing. We 10 psychological injuries even more often than we do physical ones, injuries like failure or loneliness. However, we often 11 them. Even though there are scientific techniques to 12 psychological injuries, we don’t. “Oh, you’re feeling depressed? Just 13 ; it’s all in your head.” Can you imagine saying that to somebody with a broken 14 : “Oh, just walk it off.” It’s time we made our physical and our psychological 15 more equal, more like twins. 1．A．hero B．twin C．winner D．artist 2．A．weak B．tired C．upset D．embarrassed 3．A．notice B．doubt C．worry D．deny 4．A．fuel B．value C．defend D．affect 5．A．private B．real C．potential D．responsible 6．A．burned B．twisted C．damaged D．dirtied 7．A．made up B．went in C．watched out D．reached out 8．A．readily B．voluntarily C．hardly D．carefully 9．A．avoid B．cover C．expose D．hide 10．A．dislike B．escape C．suffer D．overcome 11．A．fear B．hug C．ignore D．mistake 12．A．treat B．discover C．predict D．replace 13．A．keep it up B．check it out C．work it out D．shake it off 14．A．leg B．head C．back D．arm 15．A．benefit B．health C．wealth D．fame Growing up, I hated every girl who could skip. I sat inside at recess (课间休息), 1 all the skippers. No matter how hard I tried, I just couldn’t get the steps 2 . My older sister tried to teach me, but with no 3 . My failures stopped me from trying skipping and other recess activities. But my fears didn’t last long, 4 a fifth grade teacher named Miss Lyon. She sat down in the hallway (过道) during recess with me one day and said, “It can be 5 out there, can’t it?” I nodded, holding back my tears. We sat silently. The sounds of bouncing (弹跳的) balls and whistles from outside interrupted the 6 . I had to 7 , it sounded like so much fun. After a few minutes, she looked at me and 8 me I would find my own people. Then she gave me some advice: “Walk out onto that playground like it’s yours.” And she 9 the door to the outside. I 10 the playground. Before my eyes even adjusted to the sunlight, a sweaty boy named Mike Bowen sent out a(n) 11 . Batman, Superman and Aquaman were over at the eagle’s nest fighting crime. They needed a Wonder Woman. They 12 me. They didn’t care that I couldn’t 13 . They’d seen me climb to the top of the monkey bars like a pro (老手). Miss Lyon poured life and purpose into a 14 young person who was just one kind word away from finding her 15 . 1．A．persuading B．introducing C．teaching D．watching 2．A．popular B．ready C．right D．visible 3．A．condition B．success C．effort D．realization 4．A．regardless of B．instead of C．apart from D．thanks to 5．A．formal B．fair C．unique D．rough 6．A．order B．quiet C．rhythm D．plan 7．A．check B．prove C．pretend D．admit 8．A．promised B．discovered C．ignored D．forgot 9．A．decorated B．cleaned C．repaired D．opened 10．A．benefited from B．adjusted to C．stepped onto D．pointed at 11．A．message B．invitation C．signal D．answer 12．A．needed B．found C．bothered D．confused 13．A．talk B．climb C．run D．skip 14．A．helpful B．lonely C．creative D．selfless 15．A．bravery B．freedom C．imagination D．reputation 一、完形填空（记叙文） I was then in my early twenties. Even though I was armed with a degree in Education, finding a 1 teaching job was not easy. I had to try some temporary ones. This year, when a golden opportunity 2 to teach 5th grade students in a local school, I 3 it and took things seriously. I 4 myself with lesson plans, taught with enthusiasm, and stayed 5 with the students. I had no hesitation in 6 the kids when they got the answer right, and encouraged them if they didn’t. One day when the kids were 7 , a girl approached and handed me a 8 before she went home. On it was a lovely drawing full of childlike wonder, accompanied by the 9 , “You are the best teacher I have ever had!” It really amazed me that one of my kind comments had 10 that girl’s heart greatly. I took that note home and 11 put it in a folder, looking on it as a 12 . Anytime I was feeling down I would look at it and it proved to be a 13 . That experience showed me the 14 of just a single kind word. It encouraged me to continue to try my best each day to 15 love and kindness through my words and actions. Wish the same for others. 1．A．full-time B．well-paid C．labor-saving D．first-rate 2．A．escaped B．demanded C．arose D．arranged 3．A．dreamed of B．thought about C．hunted for D．jumped at 4．A．contented B．amused C．concerned D．busied 5．A．familiar B．positive C．tough D．connected 6．A．lecturing B．supporting C．congratulating D．instructing 7．A．graded B．dismissed C．tested D．taught 8．A．note B．gift C．parcel D．book 9．A．letters B．questions C．characters D．words 10．A．hardened B．broken C．touched D．stole 11．A．simply B．casually C．carefully D．eagerly 12．A．reminder B．barrier C．proof D．secret 13．A．comfort B．fortune C．fantasy D．recovery 14．A．target B．application C．principle D．power 15．A．clarify B．spread C．feel D．find 二、完形填空（说明文） Body language is the quietest, most secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 16 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 17 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really 18 . And body language is particularly 19 when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so 20 a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 21 , different societies often treat the 22 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends, and certainly not with 23 . People from Latin American countries, 24 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it’s possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is 25 a Norwegian all around the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving closer. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 26 — which the Latino will in return regard as 27 . Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 28 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from different cultures, there’s a strong possibility of 29 . But whatever the situation, the best advice is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 30 . 16．A．sharper B．louder C．harder D．further 17．A．sounds B．opinions C．feelings D．messages 18．A．assist B．receive C．discover D．mean 19．A．immediate B．various C．important D．difficult 20．A．well B．far C．much D．long 21．A．For example B．Thus C．However D．In short 22．A．profit B．distance C．effect D．image 23．A．strangers B．partners C．neighbors D．enemies 24．A．in other words B．on the other hand C．in a similar way D．by all means 25．A．disturbing B．helping C．guiding D．following 26．A．stepping forward B．going on C．backing away D．coming out 27．A．weakness B．rudeness C．friendliness D．coldness 28．A．talk B．explore C．laugh D．think 29．A．curiosity B．eagerness C．misunderstanding D．tension 30．A．noticed B．treated C．concerned D．satisfied 三、完形填空（议论文） Nowadays computers have become an important part in our daily life. We 31 in touch with our friends through the Internet, we write many short pieces about the wonderful things we are 32 by clicking the keyboard, and sometimes we also 33 computers to do business. Computers have changed our 34 in many aspects. However, here comes the problem: we are too 35 on computers. It is 36 to find that lots of people always make many mistakes in writing with a pen, and some of them even have   37 their inspiration (灵感) because they have got used to 38 articles from computers. There is no 39 that computers have made a great contribution to improving our 40 of life, making it easier and more convenient, but we shouldn’t ignore the 41 of keeping our ability to do things with our own head. One day, 42 would seem to be everywhere, but we would suffer (遭受) a lot if we become too dependent on them. Imagine that in a(n) 43 where you are required to write a paper with your pen. 44 , you find yourself unable to remember the 45 spellings of several words, or that you cannot get your own ideas without searching for information from a computer, and that would put you into anxiety. But I don’t want to seek perfection any more. 31．A．fail B．keep C．succeed D．end 32．A．worried about B．bored with C．sorry for D．interested in 33．A．use B．explore C．switch D．restart 34．A．habit B．hobby C．life D．mind 35．A．hard B．keen C．dependent D．afraid 36．A．surprising B．exciting C．satisfying D．inspiring 37．A．showed B．discovered C．improved D．lost 38．A．creating B．choosing C．copying D．stealing 39．A．doubt B．reason C．secret D．problem 40．A．direction B．quality C．length D．type 41．A．possibility B．importance C．condition D．chance 42．A．letters B．emails C．messages D．computers 43．A．state B．way C．case D．event 44．A．However B．Therefore C．Besides D．Moreover 45．A．same B．correct C．common D．special 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$