衔接点17 阅读理解设题类型解密（初高考点差异及衔接）- 2025年初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）

衔接点17 阅读理解命题类型解密（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 篇幅长度：单篇约 200-300 词，段落结构清晰。 题材范围：以日常生活、故事、应用文（通知、邮件）为主，语言直白，少专业术语。 语言难度：词汇以课标 1600 词为主，长难句少，多简单句或并列句。 题型侧重：以细节理解题为主（占比 60%-70%），如：直接问答、事实判断、数字查找。 篇幅长度：单篇约 300-400 词，部分高考真题可达 450 词以上，段落逻辑复杂（对比、转折频繁）。 题材范围：拓展至科技说明文、议论文、文化批判、文学节选等，含较多专业词汇（如科技类术语、社会科学概念）。 语言难度：词汇量提升至 3000+（课标词汇 + 超纲词），长难句密集（复合句、非谓语结构、插入语）。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：要求学生能够通过阅读理解短文大意，获取主要信息，并能做出正确判断，以应用文或说明文为主，细节题居多。 高中阶段考查形式：阅读材料在句长方面有所提升，句子变长变难，整体阅读难度加大。题含细节题、推理题、词义猜测、主旨大意等。 【初中阅读理解考点聚焦】 考查 “信息抓取能力”，即能否准确找到文中显性信息。细节题为主（60%+），少量主旨题（10%-15%） 一．细节理解题 · 考查对文中具体信息（时间、地点、人物、事件等）的提取能力，占比约 60%，题干多含who/what/when/where/why/how等疑问词。 [示例] (节选) ........................ The sweaters didn’t use any chemical materials, not even glue. After the show, students will recycle the wool (羊毛). They can do more things with it. “The art is environmentally friendly, and it makes our city lives warmer and more colorful,” said Xia Xin, one of the knitting artists. Why is the art environmentally friendly? A．Because the plane trees were beautifully dressed. B．Because the art made the city lives more colorful. C．Because the art made people feel the coming of spring. D．Because the sweaters didn’t use any chemical materials and will be recycled. 二．推理判断题 · 要求根据上下文逻辑推断隐含信息（如作者意图、事件发展趋势），占比约 20%，常见题干：What can we infer...? [示例] (节选) So in my opinion, if we think highly of China’s modern wonders, I believe its high-speed rail system must be one of them. And it's one symbol of a new China and a sign of China’s strength (实力) as well. What is Mike’s attitude (态度) to Chinese high-speed rail train? A．He looks down upon it. B．He dislikes it. C．He thinks highly of it. D．He hates it. 三．词义猜测题 · 通过上下文线索推测生词含义，常考代词指代或熟词生义，占比约 10%。 [示例] (节选) According to a report from Douyin, the number of fitness videos in 2021 increased by 134 percent, while followers of fitness trainers went up by 208 percent compared with the year before. People often search online for simple exercises that are demonstrated by personal trainers. These trainers do a great job in both teaching and leading people to exercise more. What does the underlined word “demonstrated” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．To build a dream. B．To give some advice. C．To show how something is done. D．To ask questions about something. 四．主旨大意题 · 需总结文章中心思想或段落大意，常出现在首末段，题干关键词：main idea, purpose, best title。 [示例] (节选) The day was Thankful Thursday. It’s a weekly tradition that my two little girls and I began years ago. We always go out in the world and do charity (慈善) work. Last Thursday, we were going to buy lunch for the beggars (乞丐) in the street. I ordered 15 lunches from McDonald’s (麦当劳) and decided to hand them out. ...................................... I don’t know if the woman noticed the tears (泪水) in my eyes. I have questioned many times whether our acts of kindness were too small to make a difference. Yet at that moment, I realized the truth of Mother Teresa’s words: “We cannot do great things—only small things with great love.” 13．What does the article want to tell us? A．It’s difficult to help everyone in need. B．A small act of kindness means a lot. C．Each family has its own problems. 【高中名词考点聚焦】 课标解读 考点聚焦： “信息加工能力”，即能否对文中信息进行分析、推理、概括，形成深层理解。 题型侧重：深层理解题占比提升：推理题（infer, imply）、主旨题（main idea）、词义猜测题、作者态度题合计占比 50% 以上。细节题考查更隐蔽：答案需整合多个句子信息，或通过同义替换呈现（如题干用 “accelerate”，原文用 “speed up”）。 能力要求：分析篇章结构（如总分总、对比论证），理解段落间逻辑关系（因果、让步、例证）。推断作者隐含意图，概括抽象主旨（如从具体案例提炼社会现象本质）。 考点清单 考点一： 阅读理解细节题 一般根据短文提供的信息和事实进行提问，命题人往往通过对文章细节加以改写来考查考生准确理解细节的能力。细节理解题在高考阅读理解中占有相当大的比例，几乎占据了阅读理解总题量的“半壁江山”。这类题考点可以源自段内的单句信息理解，也可以来自段落内综合信息的理解。考查内容涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、方式以及在议论文中可以涉及例证的细节和定义类的细节。 解答细节理解的直接信息题时，由于题目普遍较容易，不必通篇细读全文，一般是先通过题干信息来选择定位关键词。运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题干有关的关键词，找出相关的句子，得出正确答案。 考查间接信息题时，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。常用方式是同义词替换或释义，即把文中语言(词汇和结 构)改头换面，来表达相同的意思。 命题点01 直接信息题 [示例] (节选) $25.00 recommended for adults, $12.00 recommended for students, includes the Main Building and The Cloisters (回廊) on the same day; free for children under 12 with an adult. ... 56．How much may they pay if an 11­year­old girl and her working parents visit the museum? A．$12. B．$37. C．$50. D．$62. 命题点02 间接信息题 [示例] (节选) New analysis of these scans revealed that activity in the same regions Chen’s group had accurately pointed out in mice, the aDCN, appeared to be significantly disturbed in humans with Prader-Willi syndrome. In healthy individuals, the aDCN were more active in response to food images while fasting than just after a meal, but no such difference was identifiable in participants with the disorder. The result suggested that the aDCN were involved in controlling hunger. 44. According to the project conducted by the researchers, ________. A. the healthy testees were more likely to overeat after fasting B. food images increased the appetite of the testees with Prader-Willi syndrome C. the aDCN in the healthy testees responded to food images more actively after fasting D. the aDCN in the testees with Prader-Willi syndrome made no response to food images 考点二： 阅读理解词义猜测题 命题点01单词或短语猜测 1. 根据定义推测词义： 有时作者会通过给词汇下定义来帮助读者理解该词的基本含义，如线索词that is, or, namely, in other words, that is to say, to be more exact, to put it another way, which is等。 2. 根据举例推测词义： 有时，划线部分后会根由一些具体的例子，这些例子可以帮助考试理解该词的词义。线索词such as, such...as, for example, for instance, like , including, especially等。 3. 根据对比关系或转折关系推测词义： 表达对比或转折关系的词需注意but, yet, however, while, unlike, instead, similarly, on the contrary, in contrast to等。 4. 根据同义词或并列结构推测词义： 在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者为了避免语言的单调和重复，会使用意思相同或相近的词，此时，只要知道其中一个词的意思，就能猜出另一个词的意思。 5. 根据构词法推测词义： 英语中的很多词汇，尤其是不断出现的新词大多是通过构词法生成的，因此，掌握主要的构词法有助于猜测词义。 6. 根据因果关系推测词义： 因果关系时一种常见的提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。根据线索词as, since, because, for , so, thus, consequently, therefore, hence, due to, result in, result from, as a result, for this reason, accordingly, so...that, such...that等可知上下句存在因果，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。 [示例] (节选) A listener whose head is in some “sweet spot” hears high-quality sound. But as one gels farther from the sweet spot, the sound diminishes. That’s because sound waves from different loudspeakers interact to cancel out each other’s sound. What does the underlined word “diminishes” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Becomes lower. B．Travels faster. C．Gets sweeter. D．Sounds nicer. 易错分析：不能看出画线部分词根中mini含义“微型，袖珍的”，且未能关注上句but前后两句话之间的转折意义是错误主要原因。 命题点02 句子意义猜测 定位：定位划线句，利用语法和逻辑关系准确分析原卷 分析：分析理解划线句前后语境，合理推断句意 归纳：归纳总结，找出与原句意思完全吻合的选项 [示例] (节选) Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined and I’ve got myself a partner for life. ...... What does the father imply by saying “I’ve got myself a partner for life.”? A．It is rewarding to learn new skills. B．Skiing has become his lifelong hobby. C．He will explore more with his daughter. D．His daughter will accompany him forever. 考点三： 阅读理解推理判断题 一）：推断隐含意义 (1)抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理：在原文中确定推理依据的位置或范围后，要善于抓住关键信息去分析判断；(2)整合全文/段信息进行推断：有时需要在弄懂全文或全段的基础上，整合与题目相关的有效信息去进行综合推断，才能确定最佳选项。无论哪种推断形式必须以文章所提供的事实内容为依据，切忌凭空想象。 [示例] (节选) ...... Samantha Gotwalt and Blayde Reich, two senior Mechanical Engineering majors at York College in the group, both found the work to be quite fascinating. According to Samantha, the idea came from a York College professor, who has worked with drones, and wanted to get students involved with a project beneficial to the community. “We really want to help farming and agriculture. It’s super-important to America and our economy,” Blayde says. “We want to help the smaller farmers, and one of the benefits is not having to spend their money on fertilizer and pesticides (杀虫剂).” The idea is to design and build a drone that will take video imagery of the fields to determine what is needed to produce the best crop, while saving money and sparing the environment by reducing pollutants in the runoff water. Ideally, that data gained will help the farmers better determine what chemicals they need — and what they don’t. ...... What can best describe the students? A．Responsible and creative. B．Experienced and generous. C．Brilliant and grateful. D．Reliable and realistic. 二）：推断写作意图 (1)记叙文：通常会在首段或尾段出现高度概括性语言，且往往有一定的哲理性，所有叙述都围绕该哲理展开； (2)应用文：文章常对某事物或服务进行详细介绍，使用具有明显倾向性的语言； (3)说明文：其写作意图依赖于对文章主题句的把握，应找准主题句； (4)议论文：一般开头提出某论点，中间进行论证，最后得出结论，写作意图常隐含于最后一部分中。 [示例] (节选) Don’t bring meat, meat products, milk and dairy products from non-EU countries to Finland! ...... A ban on personal imports applies to meat and dairy products brought into Finland by travelers or ordered and sent through the post. The ban applies to food stuffs intended for personal consumption or as gifts and to pet food. If you have food products of animal origin with you, throw them in a waste container in the point of entry or contact Customs! Whom is this notice intended for? A. Food importers in Finland. B. Travelers to Finland. C. Citizens in EU countries. D. Medical staff from non-EU countries. 三）：推断观点态度 (1)注意作者或文中人物的措辞：①分析字里行间所隐含的意思，切忌用自己观点代替作者或文中人物的观点；②留意相关氛围的语言及表达情感态度或观点的词句，这些常流露于修饰语之中；③结合英语国 家的文化传统或风俗习惯等背景知识进行合理推断。 [示例] (节选) ...... Our own experience working together on health，development，and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives.It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The author believes the lives of the poorest will get better. B．Much more progress will be made in the near future. C．The work on health is the most valuable experience. D．People’s efforts have been materially rewarded. 　 四）：推断文章出处和目标读者 (1)广告：语言简洁鲜明，有亮点； (2)报刊：时事性强，分不同板块，高考中常以政治、生活的话题为主； (3)杂志：覆盖生活各个层面，更贴近幕后，更贴近生活； (4)产品说明书：对某产品的功能特色及操作方式等做出介绍； (5)药品说明：说明药品的服用时间、次数、药量、禁忌等； (6)网络：文体不限，找到click here，download，up­load，link，mouse, surf等网络标志语。 [示例] ........... Pak50·57 minutes ago Why not give it a try? Perhaps you should take lessons on a musical instrument.The late musician Dennis Brain is said to have asked a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio.When his request was refused，he took out his French horn(号) and started to practise. Taodas·29 minutes ago I did read my newspaper out loud on a train，and it turned out well.The guy took it in good part，and we chatted happily all the way to Edinburgh. Sophie76·13 minutes ago I have not tried reading my newspaper out loud on a train，but，several years ago，I read some chapters from Harry Potter to my bored and noisy children.Several passengers seemed to appreciate what I did. Where is the passage most probably taken from? A．A webpage. B．A newspaper. C．A novel. D．A report. 　 考点四： 阅读理解主旨大意题 一）、段落大意题 每个段落通常都有一个中心，段落主题句通常会出现在段落的首句或尾句，有时也会在中间。在阅读中应尽量利用有关信息确定主题句的位置。 [示例] (节选) The first thing we notice about new people are their faces.The next time we see these people, we remember them because we remember their faces. This seems like a simple process. However, scientists found that it is not such a simple process. The section of the brain that is responsible for face recognition seems to work differently for different people. Some people have great difficulty remembering and recognizing faces, while others almost never forget a face. ...... The first paragraph is mainly about ___________________________. A. the way to improve one’s face-recognition skills 　　 B. the fact that some people have face-recognition problems C. the simple process of the brain to recognize others’ faces D. the importance of face recognition in human communication 二）、文章大意题每一篇文章都有其大意，获取大意的方法是找主题句。主题句通常在文章的首段或尾段，但是有时候也出现在文章中间段落。阅读的过程中应该对每段的主题句给予特别的关注。 [示例] Too often, we measure our worth not by the results we achieve, but by how much of our time we spend. We live crazy lives, at least in part, because it makes us feel good about ourselves. What does the passage mainly concerned with? A. The measurement of wealth in the current society. B. The evolution of people’s attitude towards busyness. C. The hidden reasons and effects of people’s busyness. D. The solution to prioritizing the crucial tasks in busyness. 三）、标题归纳题 标题归纳类题目应该注意其醒目性、概括性和针对性。解题时抓住文章的首段和每一段的首尾句以及一些贯穿整篇文章始终的关键词。干扰项特点：以偏概全；.断章取义；主题扩大；张冠李戴；无中生有。 [示例] But Disney’s story actually started two decades earlier with what Walt Disney called "Daddy’s Day". On Saturdays in the 1930s and 1940s, Disney would take his two daughters to ride the Griffith Park merry-go-round, which they’d enjoy while he sat on a bench dreaming of ways for families to have fun together. Disney disliked the amusement parks they often visited, seeing them as dirty, unimaginative places run by rude employees. Disneyland opened then. The 5,000 expected guests increased to 28,154, thanks to fake tickets. After the madness of opening day, Disney and his new park were criticized in the press. The media predicted a quick and early end. But the public didn’t listen. Visitors arrived in large groups, and within weeks Disneyland was a success. Over sixty years later, Disneyland’s popularity continues to grow, with total overall attendance topping 700 million and showing no signs of slowing down. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Disneyland: How It All Began B. Disneyland: An Overnight Success C. Disneyland: How It Developed D. Disneyland: A Park with a Long History Passage 1 The New York Public Library is here to help you learn and connect with your community through our various free events. The events to be conducted in March are listed below. College and Career Pathways: Personalized Advice for Teens   Are you struggling with planning out the next steps, for college or jobs or skill building? Meet one-on-one with a librarian to get some guidance, tips, and resources! You can schedule a virtual appointment at calendly.com/nyplcollegeandcareer. Appointments are 30 minutes long and conducted in English.   Date and Time: Wednesday, March 5, 2025, 1–2 PM   Location: Baychester Library   Recording Studio Access Workshop This is a course where teens can learn the basics of how to operate our recording studio. At the end of the workshop, the teens are able to take the Recording Studio assessment (评估). Upon passing the assessment, you will receive a Studio Card and be able to book time in our recording studios independently! By registration (注册) only!   Date and Time: Tuesday, March 11, 2025, 5–6 PM   Location: Parkchester Library   Cool Down: A Restorative Space for Middle Schoolers   Cool Down is an open space for pre-teens in middle school to relax after a long day. We’ll be doing various activities proven to reduce stress such as journaling, gaming, drawing, and various DIY crafts (手工艺) and encourage imagination.   Date and Time: Thursday, March 20, 2025, 6:15–7:15 PM   Location: Riverdale Library   Creative Crafts: Earth Day Art Project   We challenge our teens to create something unique and wonderful from preexisting items like magazines, plastic water bottles, tin cans, and more. All supplies will be provided. First come, first served.   Date and Time: Saturday, March 29, 2025, 3:30–5:30 PM   Location: Soundview Library 1．Which library will a teenager seeking decision support probably head for? A．Baychester Library. B．Parkchester Library. C．Riverdale Library. D．Soundview Library. 2．What is a requirement for those interested in recording operations? A．Taking a test. B．Owning a Studio Card. C．Signing up to participate. D．Making appointments beforehand. 3．What do the last two events have in common? A．Both supply the materials needed. B．Both involve creative activities. C．Both are designed for pre-teens. D．Both are scheduled for the weekend. Passage 2 You can use volunteer.gov to find volunteer chances. Hand in an application, and track your volunteer hours. Pullman Labor Day Volunteer On Labor Day, Pullman National Historical Park will host a parade (游行). We are looking for volunteers to support the parade staging, timing and route (路线). The event will run from 10: 00 am to 5: 30 pm. Volunteers need to work for an additional two hours and provide information about the festival and the Pullmanarea for visitors. Skills Visitor information Working with people Fort Tours Visitor Services Volunteers are needed to help at our information desk in the visitor center. Other important duties include serving as a contact for visitors, and providing information connected with the history of the Battle of Bladensburg, a fight in Maryland on August 24, 1814. Skills Public speaking Visitor information Working with people Hords Creek Park Host Duties will include checking campers in and out, answering questions from visitors, performing rounds by driving through parks, and opening and closing gates. The park will provide volunteers with a high-quality campsite and the things needed to perform their duties. Volunteers are required to work about 20 hours a week. Skills Driver’s license (驾照) Visitor information Working with people Bonita Canyon Camp Host Join our team at Chiricahua National Monument! We’re excited to look for volunteers to serve as campground hosts for the 25-site Bonita Canyon Campground. This campground lies in a forest area along Bonita Creek. Camp hosts help visitors, provide information, and communicate with staff(职员) regarding campground needs. Volunteers work 32 hours a week, with a schedule of 4 days on and 3 days off. Weekends may be required. Skills Visitor information Working with people 4．How many hours do you need to work everyday if you volunteer at Pullman National Historical Park? A．5.5 hours. B．7.5 hours. C．9 hours. D．9.5 hours. 5．Which program needs volunteers knowing about a fight? A．Pullman Labor Day Volunteer. B．Fort Tours & Visitor Services. C．Hords Creek Park Host. D．Bonita Canyon Camp Host 6．What do the four programs have in common? A．They all organise field trips in nature. B．They all need experienced volunteers. C．They all need volunteers to help visitors. D．They all require good public speaking skills. Passage 3 I was at school, getting ready for a test. Suddenly someone shouted, “Today at 1:10 there will be auditions (试演) for a musical show.” My friends all jumped up in excitement and asked me, “Will you go, Rasleen?” Without much thought, I agreed. Even though musical shows weren’t really my thing, I wanted to be with my friends. At 1:10 p.m., there was a line outside the audition room. Standing in the line, I suddenly felt a little nervous. What if I wasn’t any good? I was taking a risk. Soon it was my turn. I said some lines (台词) from the musical show called Musicville and sang a bit. The teachers smiled at me and asked what kind of role I wanted to play. I felt like I had a chance, so I said, “A big role.” A week later, the list came out. I got the main role, Melody! I was really happy, but also realized how much work it would be. I was in almost all of the 13 scenes in the show and I had to memorize all my lines before the practice. Then in the following days, I stayed after school to practice. Two months later, we were all ready for the performance. We got to perform in front of our schoolmates, teachers and parents. When I saw their smiles, I felt very confident. That confidence stayed with me and made me feel braver. I felt like I could try more things. So I joined a basketball team, and I even joined a dance group. I became more and more active. I realized that by trying something new, I can have fun — even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone (舒适区). 7．Why did Rasleen decide to audition for the musical show? A．She loved musical shows. B．She wanted to challenge herself. C．She dreamed of playing a big role. D．She wanted to stay together with her friends. 8．How was Rasleen’s performance in the audition? A．She did very well. B．She forgot the lines. C．She took a risk dancing. D．She sang with the teachers. 9．How might Rasleen feel when she saw her name on the list? A．Sad. B．Excited. C．Nervous. D．Relaxed. 10．What lesson did Rasleen learn? A．Risks can be helpful. B．Friends are important for success. C．Trying new things can lead to growth. D．Staying in the comfort zone brings chances. Passage 4 Russell Cassevah, who has a strong love for Lego, has found the perfect way of spreading joy, one little block at a time. Cassevah started a nationwide mission (使命) to bring joy to children in hospitals. His non-profit organization, Little Bricks Charity, brings sets of LEGO, and smiles, to children’s hospitals. Through his non-profit organization, Cassevah has found his purpose in life. Since Cassevah was four years old, he has been obsessed with the Danish building bricks, and he spent all his spare time playing with them. And as an adult, he clearly continues to love the little colorful bricks. He has even broken Guinness World Records many times by walking on LEGO without wearing shoes! After breaking his amazing world records, he decided to use his love for LEGO to give back. He made a decision to leave his day job and invest (投资) everything he has in creating a non-profit organization. His goal is to travel throughout the country delivering LEGO sets to children’s hospitals and uplifting the children and the well-being of young patients in their greatest time of need. The non-profit organization, Little Bricks Charity, gave away about 250 LEGO sets to young patients at Yale New Haven Children’s Hospital. Most of the funding, about 80 percent of it, comes from their TikTok community, as the charity has been using the platform to promote (促进) their work and has got many followers. They now have more than a million followers and have delivered 170 thousand dollars worth of LEGO sets thanks to the social media platform. Cassevah has provided smiles and joy for many children facing challenging situations. With each LEGO set he delivers, he aims to spark (激发) creativity and imagination that can hopefully still be part of the young patients’ lives and minds. 11．What is the purpose of Little Bricks Charity? A．To sell LEGO toys in children’s hospitals. B．To please children in children’s hospitals. C．To help people find their purpose in life. D．To teach children to play with LEGOs. 12．What do the underlined words “has been obsessed with” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Has been free from. B．Has been hungry for. C．Has been crazy about. D．Has been successful in. 13．What can we learn about Little Bricks Charity from the fourth paragraph? A．Its new plans. B．Its major mission. C．Its wide popularity. D．Its challenges. 14．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Making a difference block by block B．Meeting children in hospitals C．Letting children love LEGOs D．Passing love one by one Passage 5 It is a popular viewpoint that time spent online is bad for our health because surfing the Internet or checking our phones sometimes takes us away from activities which are considered healthier, such as playing sports or socializing. As the digital economy develops, such behavior is often linked to reduced well-being. However, a new global study has found a surprising answer: The Internet might be good for you. The University of Oxford researchers studied data on the psychological (心理的) well-being of over 2 million people across 168 countries between 2006 and 2021. They looked at 8 indicators (标志) of well-being among the individuals, who were aged 15 to 99, including life satisfaction, daily negative and positive experiences and physical health. The researchers applied well-being indicators to test the relationship between Internet use and well-being outcomes. They found that Internet access was related to positive well-being among some people. Despite the study’s overall optimistic findings, however, the link between Internet access and positive well-being was weaker for young women. While some links between Internet connectivity and well-being were positive, some links were negative — with the most observed among women aged 15 to 24 years old. The researchers state that many studies have shown social media use to be connected with greater depression, especially among young women. A systematic review of research into the topic found higher levels of social media use were connected with worse mental health outcomes, and higher levels of social media use were connected with an increased risk of internalizing and externalizing difficulties among youths, especially females. The same report also noted that the impacts of social media on mental health are complex (复杂的), as different goals are served by different behaviors, and different outcomes are produced by different patterns of use. All in all, social media use offers both benefits and risks to the health of young people, so particularly, teenage students should treat it properly. 15．The University of Oxford researchers’ study focused on ________. A．the influence of social media on physical health B．the relationship between Internet use and mental health C．the mental health of people in different countries D．the effects of outdoor activities on physical health 16．What does the underlined word “optimistic” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Hopeless. B．Creative. C．Positive. D．Horrible. 17．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The effects of social media on youths. B．The benefits of social media for women. C．The increased risks of human socialization. D．The difficulties of research on human connection. 18．In which part of a newspaper can you read the passage? A．Sport and Health. B．Economy and Life. C．Food and Culture. D．Technology and Society. 一．应用文 We are pleased to announce that our annual School Cultural Festival will be held on June 10th, from 2:00 pm to 6:00 pm in the school hall. This event is a fantastic opportunity for students to celebrate and share their cultural heritage. Event Details ·Date: June 10th ·Time: 2:00 pm to 6:00 pm ·Location: school hall Participation All students are encouraged to participate by performing, displaying artwork, or presenting cultural projects. If you would like to participate, please submit your proposal to the Student Affairs Office by May 20th, 2025. Proposals should include the type of performance or project, a brief description, and any special requirements. Judging Performances and projects will be judged by a panel of teachers and cultural experts. Awards will be given for the best performances and projects in various categories, including music, dance, visual arts, and cultural presentations. Volunteers We need volunteers to help with the setup, coordination, and cleanup of the event. If you are interested in volunteering, please sign up at the Student Affairs Office or contact Mr Smith for more information. We look forward to a day filled with cultural celebration and learning. Don’t miss this opportunity to share and explore the rich cultural diversity of our school community! 1．What is the aim of the School Cultural Festival? A．To showcase students’ cultural heritage. B．To promote the school’s sports programs. C．To introduce new extracurricular activities. D．To celebrate students’ academic achievements. 2．What should students do to participate in the festival? A．Attend a meeting. B．Submit a proposal. C．Sign up by May 20th. D．Get a teacher’s recommendation. 3．How can students volunteer for the event? A．By visiting Mr Smith’s office. B．By asking parents for permission. C．By registering at the Student Affairs Office. D．By submitting a volunteer application form. 二·记叙文 I wrote my first short story at the age of ten. Back then, magazines would have a back page full of ads for everything, one of which called for contributions. So, I took a pen and my notebook and wrote a story. I have no memory of what the story was about. I seem to remember it was six or seven pages long in my schoolboy handwriting. When I put it into a standard envelope, it broke the envelope. My mom strengthened it and put an extra stamp on it “just to be safe”. I put it in the mailbox and waited. And waited! Finally, it came. The response, “We are confident that we can find a suitable publisher (出版商) for your highly attractive story. Please send us $50 by return post and we can get started today.” My excitement disappeared. That moment marked the end of my creative writing. I put my pen and notebook away and didn’t write another word that wasn’t part of schoolwork for 15 years. After college, I traveled to the United States, Europe and Canada. In my backpack, I always carried a typewriter. I hocked the typewriter several times, but I always got it back. In city parks, late-night diners and five-dollar hotel rooms, I wrote the next “Great American Novel (小说)”. Everyone who read it disagreed and when I reread it, I found they were right. I left the typewriter in a shop and began the process of “growing up”. “I don’t have enough life experience,” I told myself. “I’m too young. I’ll get it back some day!” I was 46 years old when my wife and I were having a conversation one day about regrets. I told her I always thought that I wanted to be a writer. “Well, if that’s what you’ve always wanted,” she said, “you should probably go to sit down at the computer and start writing!” I took her advice and never looked back. In my eyes, I’m a successful writer. I’ve had many stories and articles appear in publications I admire, and I’ve earned a few awards over the years. I don’t believe in anything that stops a writer writing — I think it’s an excuse. 4．What can we know about the author’s first short story? A．It was too long to be published. B．It was completed with his mom’s help. C．It failed to meet the publisher's expectations. D．It meant a key turning point for the author. 5．What does the underlined word “hocked” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Sold. B．Checked. C．Improved. D．Broke. 6．What made the author start writing again? A．His wish to win awards. B．His wife’s encouragement. C．His rich life experience. D．His failure in other fields. 7．Why does the author write the text? A．To introduce different ways of writing stories. B．To describe his long and winding journey of writing. C．To teach readers how to deal with failure in writing. D．To show the difficulty of becoming a successful writer. 三·说明文 It is easy for us to know the difference between our friends and our enemies. But can other animals do the same? Elephants can! They can use their sense of vision and smell to tell the difference between people who pose a threat and those who do not. In Kenya, researchers find that elephants react differently to clothing worn by men of the Maasai and Kamba ethnic groups. Young Maasai men spear (刺) animals and thus pose a threat to elephants; Kamba men arc mainly farmers and are not a danger to elephants. In an experiment conducted by animal scientists, elephants were first presented with clean clothing or clothing that had been worn for five days by either a Maasai or a Kamba man. When the elephants noticed the smell of clothing worn by a Maasai man, they moved away from the smell faster and took longer to relax than when they noticed the smells of either clothing worn by Kamba men or clothing that had not been worn at all. Clothing color also plays a role. In the same study, when the elephants saw red clothing not worn before, they reacted angrily, as red is typically worn by Maasai men. Rather than running away as they did with the smell, the elephants acted aggressively toward the red clothing. The researchers believe that the elephants’ emotional reactions are due to their different senses of the smells and the sights. Smelling a potential danger means that a threat is nearby and the best thing to do is run away and hide. Seeing a potential threat without its smell means that risk is low. Therefore, instead of showing fear and running away, the elephants express their anger and become aggressive. 8．What character does the author want to express about elephants A．Clever. B．Friendly. C．Dangerous. D．Naughty. 9．Which of the following is the most dangerous sign for elephants? A．The color of Kamba men’s clothes. B．The smell of Kamba men’s clothes. C．The smell of Maasai men’s clothes. D．The red clothes not worn before. 10．What can be inferred about the elephants behavior from this passage? A．Elephants are more intelligent than other animals. B．Elephants learn from their experience. C．Elephants have sharper sense of smell than sight. D．Elephants tend to attack rather than escape when in danger. 11．In-which magazine will the passage be found most probably? A．Newsweek. B．Nature. C．Fashion. D．Business Weekly. 8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衔接点17 阅读理解命题类型解密（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 篇幅长度：单篇约 200-300 词，段落结构清晰。 题材范围：以日常生活、故事、应用文（通知、邮件）为主，语言直白，少专业术语。 语言难度：词汇以课标 1600 词为主，长难句少，多简单句或并列句。 题型侧重：以细节理解题为主（占比 60%-70%），如：直接问答、事实判断、数字查找。 篇幅长度：单篇约 300-400 词，部分高考真题可达 450 词以上，段落逻辑复杂（对比、转折频繁）。 题材范围：拓展至科技说明文、议论文、文化批判、文学节选等，含较多专业词汇（如科技类术语、社会科学概念）。 语言难度：词汇量提升至 3000+（课标词汇 + 超纲词），长难句密集（复合句、非谓语结构、插入语）。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：要求学生能够通过阅读理解短文大意，获取主要信息，并能做出正确判断，以应用文或说明文为主，细节题居多。 高中阶段考查形式：阅读材料在句长方面有所提升，句子变长变难，整体阅读难度加大。题含细节题、推理题、词义猜测、主旨大意等。 【初中阅读理解考点聚焦】 考查 “信息抓取能力”，即能否准确找到文中显性信息。细节题为主（60%+），少量主旨题（10%-15%） 一．细节理解题 · 考查对文中具体信息（时间、地点、人物、事件等）的提取能力，占比约 60%，题干多含who/what/when/where/why/how等疑问词。 [示例] (节选) ........................ The sweaters didn’t use any chemical materials, not even glue. After the show, students will recycle the wool (羊毛). They can do more things with it. “The art is environmentally friendly, and it makes our city lives warmer and more colorful,” said Xia Xin, one of the knitting artists. Why is the art environmentally friendly? A．Because the plane trees were beautifully dressed. B．Because the art made the city lives more colorful. C．Because the art made people feel the coming of spring. D．Because the sweaters didn’t use any chemical materials and will be recycled. 【答案】D 【导语】本文主要讲述了南京外国语学校学生设计了梧桐树的毛衣，为南京带来了更多的温暖。 【解析】细节理解题。根据“The sweaters didn’t use any chemical materials, not even glue. After the show, students will recycle the wool (羊毛). They can do more things with it.”可知，因为毛衣没有使用任何化学材料，将被回收利用。故选D。 二．推理判断题 · 要求根据上下文逻辑推断隐含信息（如作者意图、事件发展趋势），占比约 20%，常见题干：What can we infer...? [示例] (节选) So in my opinion, if we think highly of China’s modern wonders, I believe its high-speed rail system must be one of them. And it's one symbol of a new China and a sign of China’s strength (实力) as well. What is Mike’s attitude (态度) to Chinese high-speed rail train? A．He looks down upon it. B．He dislikes it. C．He thinks highly of it. D．He hates it. 【答案】 9．C 【分析】作者通过自己从北京到天津出差经历，高度赞扬了中国先进的高铁系统。 9．观点态度题。根据文章最后一段“So in my opinion, if we think highly of China’s modern wonders, I believe its high-speed rail system must be one of them. And it's one symbol of a new China and a sign of China’s strength (实力) as well.”可知，在Mike看来，高铁系统是新中国的标志之一。所以，Mike的观点是高度赞扬了中国的高铁。故选C。 三．词义猜测题 · 通过上下文线索推测生词含义，常考代词指代或熟词生义，占比约 10%。 [示例] (节选) According to a report from Douyin, the number of fitness videos in 2021 increased by 134 percent, while followers of fitness trainers went up by 208 percent compared with the year before. People often search online for simple exercises that are demonstrated by personal trainers. These trainers do a great job in both teaching and leading people to exercise more. What does the underlined word “demonstrated” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．To build a dream. B．To give some advice. C．To show how something is done. D．To ask questions about something. 【答案】C 【导语】 本文主要讲述了人们越来越热衷于网上健身。 【解析】词义猜测题。根据that引导的定语从句修饰先行词simple exercises结合后文“These trainers do a great job in both teaching and leading people to exercise more.”可知，是培训师演示的简单锻炼，因此demonstrated意为“To show how something is done.”，故选C。 四．主旨大意题 · 需总结文章中心思想或段落大意，常出现在首末段，题干关键词：main idea, purpose, best title。 [示例] (节选) The day was Thankful Thursday. It’s a weekly tradition that my two little girls and I began years ago. We always go out in the world and do charity (慈善) work. Last Thursday, we were going to buy lunch for the beggars (乞丐) in the street. I ordered 15 lunches from McDonald’s (麦当劳) and decided to hand them out. ...................................... I don’t know if the woman noticed the tears (泪水) in my eyes. I have questioned many times whether our acts of kindness were too small to make a difference. Yet at that moment, I realized the truth of Mother Teresa’s words: “We cannot do great things—only small things with great love.” 13．What does the article want to tell us? A．It’s difficult to help everyone in need. B．A small act of kindness means a lot. C．Each family has its own problems. 【答案】 13．B 13．主旨大意题。根据“I have questioned many times whether our acts of kindness were too small to make a difference”可知，这篇文章想告诉我们一个小小的善行意味着许多，故选B。 【高中名词考点聚焦】 课标解读 考点聚焦： “信息加工能力”，即能否对文中信息进行分析、推理、概括，形成深层理解。 题型侧重：深层理解题占比提升：推理题（infer, imply）、主旨题（main idea）、词义猜测题、作者态度题合计占比 50% 以上。细节题考查更隐蔽：答案需整合多个句子信息，或通过同义替换呈现（如题干用 “accelerate”，原文用 “speed up”）。 能力要求：分析篇章结构（如总分总、对比论证），理解段落间逻辑关系（因果、让步、例证）。推断作者隐含意图，概括抽象主旨（如从具体案例提炼社会现象本质）。 考点清单 考点一： 阅读理解细节题 一般根据短文提供的信息和事实进行提问，命题人往往通过对文章细节加以改写来考查考生准确理解细节的能力。细节理解题在高考阅读理解中占有相当大的比例，几乎占据了阅读理解总题量的“半壁江山”。这类题考点可以源自段内的单句信息理解，也可以来自段落内综合信息的理解。考查内容涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、方式以及在议论文中可以涉及例证的细节和定义类的细节。 解答细节理解的直接信息题时，由于题目普遍较容易，不必通篇细读全文，一般是先通过题干信息来选择定位关键词。运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题干有关的关键词，找出相关的句子，得出正确答案。 考查间接信息题时，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。常用方式是同义词替换或释义，即把文中语言(词汇和结 构)改头换面，来表达相同的意思。 命题点01 直接信息题 [示例] (节选) $25.00 recommended for adults, $12.00 recommended for students, includes the Main Building and The Cloisters (回廊) on the same day; free for children under 12 with an adult. ... 56．How much may they pay if an 11­year­old girl and her working parents visit the museum? A．$12. B．$37. C．$50. D．$62. 【答案】C　 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词How much和pay可迅速定位到原文信息“$25.00 recommended for adults, $12.00 recommended for students, includes the Main Building and The Cloisters (回廊) on the same day; free for children under 12 with an adult.”可知，成人票价25美元，12岁以下儿童在大人的陪同下免费。因而11岁的女孩和其父母只需支付两张成人票款即可。故选C。 命题点02 间接信息题 [示例] (节选) New analysis of these scans revealed that activity in the same regions Chen’s group had accurately pointed out in mice, the aDCN, appeared to be significantly disturbed in humans with Prader-Willi syndrome. In healthy individuals, the aDCN were more active in response to food images while fasting than just after a meal, but no such difference was identifiable in participants with the disorder. The result suggested that the aDCN were involved in controlling hunger. 44. According to the project conducted by the researchers, ________. A. the healthy testees were more likely to overeat after fasting B. food images increased the appetite of the testees with Prader-Willi syndrome C. the aDCN in the healthy testees responded to food images more actively after fasting D. the aDCN in the testees with Prader-Willi syndrome made no response to food images 【答案】 44. C 【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ In healthy individuals, the aDCN were more active in response to food images while fasting than just after a meal, but no such difference was identifiable in participants with the disorder. (在健康个体中，与饭后相比，禁食时aDCN对食物图像的反应更为积极，但在患有这种疾病的参与者中没有发现这种差异。)”可知，健康受试者的aDCN在禁食后对食物图像的反应更积极。故选C。 考点二： 阅读理解词义猜测题 命题点01单词或短语猜测 1. 根据定义推测词义： 有时作者会通过给词汇下定义来帮助读者理解该词的基本含义，如线索词that is, or, namely, in other words, that is to say, to be more exact, to put it another way, which is等。 2. 根据举例推测词义： 有时，划线部分后会根由一些具体的例子，这些例子可以帮助考试理解该词的词义。线索词such as, such...as, for example, for instance, like , including, especially等。 3. 根据对比关系或转折关系推测词义： 表达对比或转折关系的词需注意but, yet, however, while, unlike, instead, similarly, on the contrary, in contrast to等。 4. 根据同义词或并列结构推测词义： 在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者为了避免语言的单调和重复，会使用意思相同或相近的词，此时，只要知道其中一个词的意思，就能猜出另一个词的意思。 5. 根据构词法推测词义： 英语中的很多词汇，尤其是不断出现的新词大多是通过构词法生成的，因此，掌握主要的构词法有助于猜测词义。 6. 根据因果关系推测词义： 因果关系时一种常见的提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。根据线索词as, since, because, for , so, thus, consequently, therefore, hence, due to, result in, result from, as a result, for this reason, accordingly, so...that, such...that等可知上下句存在因果，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。 [示例] (节选) A listener whose head is in some “sweet spot” hears high-quality sound. But as one gels farther from the sweet spot, the sound diminishes. That’s because sound waves from different loudspeakers interact to cancel out each other’s sound. What does the underlined word “diminishes” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Becomes lower. B．Travels faster. C．Gets sweeter. D．Sounds nicer. 易错分析：不能看出画线部分词根中mini含义“微型，袖珍的”，且未能关注上句but前后两句话之间的转折意义是错误主要原因。 【答案】A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文内容以及后句“That’s because sound waves from different loudspeakers interact to cancel out each other’s sound.（这是因为来自不同扬声器的声波相互作用，相互抵消对方的声音）”可知，这种技术是通过降噪处理消除对别人的干扰，因此推断划线句句意：但当你远离最佳点时，声音就会减弱。故判断该词义为“声音变小”。故选A。 命题点02 句子意义猜测 定位：定位划线句，利用语法和逻辑关系准确分析原卷 分析：分析理解划线句前后语境，合理推断句意 归纳：归纳总结，找出与原句意思完全吻合的选项 [示例] (节选) Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined and I’ve got myself a partner for life. ...... What does the father imply by saying “I’ve got myself a partner for life.”? A．It is rewarding to learn new skills. B．Skiing has become his lifelong hobby. C．He will explore more with his daughter. D．His daughter will accompany him forever. 【答案】C 【解析】句意猜测题。根据第二段“Watching your kids learn new skills is extraordinarily rewarding, but I’ve experienced more personal growth than I have at any other point in my life.”（看着你的孩子学习新技能是非常值得的，但我经历的个人成长比我生命中其他任何时候都要多。）以及划线句前“Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined ”（去年，艾丽西亚在为初学者准备的绿色雪道上练习了一个冬天的滑雪之后，她在蓝色中级雪道一路摸索，甚至尝试了她的第一个黑色钻石雪道。那个月我去山上的次数比过去15年的总和还多）可知，孩子在探索的同时，我也在探索。所以划线句的意思是他将和女儿一起探索更多。故选C。 考点三： 阅读理解推理判断题 一）：推断隐含意义 (1)抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理：在原文中确定推理依据的位置或范围后，要善于抓住关键信息去分析判断；(2)整合全文/段信息进行推断：有时需要在弄懂全文或全段的基础上，整合与题目相关的有效信息去进行综合推断，才能确定最佳选项。无论哪种推断形式必须以文章所提供的事实内容为依据，切忌凭空想象。 [示例] (节选) ...... Samantha Gotwalt and Blayde Reich, two senior Mechanical Engineering majors at York College in the group, both found the work to be quite fascinating. According to Samantha, the idea came from a York College professor, who has worked with drones, and wanted to get students involved with a project beneficial to the community. “We really want to help farming and agriculture. It’s super-important to America and our economy,” Blayde says. “We want to help the smaller farmers, and one of the benefits is not having to spend their money on fertilizer and pesticides (杀虫剂).” The idea is to design and build a drone that will take video imagery of the fields to determine what is needed to produce the best crop, while saving money and sparing the environment by reducing pollutants in the runoff water. Ideally, that data gained will help the farmers better determine what chemicals they need — and what they don’t. ...... What can best describe the students? A．Responsible and creative. B．Experienced and generous. C．Brilliant and grateful. D．Reliable and realistic. 【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的““We really want to help farming and agriculture. It’s super-important to America and our economy,” Blayde says. “We want to help the smaller farmers, and one of the benefits is not having to spend their money on fertilizer and pesticides (杀虫剂).” (“我们真的想帮助务农和农业。这对美国和我们的经济来说非常重要”，布莱德说。“我们想帮助小农户，其中一个好处是不必把钱花在化肥和杀虫剂上。”)”可推知，他们是有责任心的，结合第三段中“The idea is to design and build a drone that will take video imagery of the fields to determine what is needed to produce the best crop, while saving money and sparing the environment by reducing pollutants in the runoff water. (这个想法是设计和建造一架无人机，该无人机将拍摄田地的视频图像，以确定生产最佳作物所需的条件，同时通过减少径流水中的污染物来节省资金并保护环境。)”可推知，他们是有创造力的。故选A项。 二）：推断写作意图 (1)记叙文：通常会在首段或尾段出现高度概括性语言，且往往有一定的哲理性，所有叙述都围绕该哲理展开； (2)应用文：文章常对某事物或服务进行详细介绍，使用具有明显倾向性的语言； (3)说明文：其写作意图依赖于对文章主题句的把握，应找准主题句； (4)议论文：一般开头提出某论点，中间进行论证，最后得出结论，写作意图常隐含于最后一部分中。 [示例] (节选) Don’t bring meat, meat products, milk and dairy products from non-EU countries to Finland! ...... A ban on personal imports applies to meat and dairy products brought into Finland by travelers or ordered and sent through the post. The ban applies to food stuffs intended for personal consumption or as gifts and to pet food. If you have food products of animal origin with you, throw them in a waste container in the point of entry or contact Customs! Whom is this notice intended for? A. Food importers in Finland. B. Travelers to Finland. C. Citizens in EU countries. D. Medical staff from non-EU countries. 【答案B [解析] 写作意图类推断题。该应用文是芬兰食品管理局发出的一封共同抵御动物疾病，特别是非洲猪瘟的通知，并对人们进行了建议和指引。本题要求判断文章所面向的读者群体，这是一篇由政府官方管理机构发出的通知，综合全文，特别是第一段末尾部分“…even if they are packed for personal consumption or intended as gifts. Travelers like you play an important role in preventing the spread of animal diseases.”提到，即使你是私人肉制品消费或是把相关动物产品买来当礼物，也有传播动物疾病的风险，像你这样的（普通）旅行者在防控动物疾病传播中扮演了十分重要的角色，所以这篇文章是写给来芬兰旅游的人（travelers）看的，故选B。 三）：推断观点态度 (1)注意作者或文中人物的措辞：①分析字里行间所隐含的意思，切忌用自己观点代替作者或文中人物的观点；②留意相关氛围的语言及表达情感态度或观点的词句，这些常流露于修饰语之中；③结合英语国 家的文化传统或风俗习惯等背景知识进行合理推断。 [示例] (节选) ...... Our own experience working together on health，development，and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives.It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The author believes the lives of the poorest will get better. B．Much more progress will be made in the near future. C．The work on health is the most valuable experience. D．People’s efforts have been materially rewarded. 答案　A [解析]　推理判断题。根据本段最后提到的“It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.”知穷人的生活将会变更好。 四）：推断文章出处和目标读者 (1)广告：语言简洁鲜明，有亮点； (2)报刊：时事性强，分不同板块，高考中常以政治、生活的话题为主； (3)杂志：覆盖生活各个层面，更贴近幕后，更贴近生活； (4)产品说明书：对某产品的功能特色及操作方式等做出介绍； (5)药品说明：说明药品的服用时间、次数、药量、禁忌等； (6)网络：文体不限，找到click here，download，up­load，link，mouse, surf等网络标志语。 [示例] ........... Pak50·57 minutes ago Why not give it a try? Perhaps you should take lessons on a musical instrument.The late musician Dennis Brain is said to have asked a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio.When his request was refused，he took out his French horn(号) and started to practise. Taodas·29 minutes ago I did read my newspaper out loud on a train，and it turned out well.The guy took it in good part，and we chatted happily all the way to Edinburgh. Sophie76·13 minutes ago I have not tried reading my newspaper out loud on a train，but，several years ago，I read some chapters from Harry Potter to my bored and noisy children.Several passengers seemed to appreciate what I did. Where is the passage most probably taken from? A．A webpage. B．A newspaper. C．A novel. D．A report. 答案　A [解析]　文章出处题。根据文章的写作风格以及每个帖子的时间提示可知，应该最有可能来自于网页。 考点四： 阅读理解主旨大意题 一）、段落大意题 每个段落通常都有一个中心，段落主题句通常会出现在段落的首句或尾句，有时也会在中间。在阅读中应尽量利用有关信息确定主题句的位置。 [示例] (节选) The first thing we notice about new people are their faces.The next time we see these people, we remember them because we remember their faces. This seems like a simple process. However, scientists found that it is not such a simple process. The section of the brain that is responsible for face recognition seems to work differently for different people. Some people have great difficulty remembering and recognizing faces, while others almost never forget a face. ...... The first paragraph is mainly about ___________________________. A. the way to improve one’s face-recognition skills 　　 B. the fact that some people have face-recognition problems C. the simple process of the brain to recognize others’ faces D. the importance of face recognition in human communication 【答案】.B 【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Some people have great difficulty remembering and recognizing faces, while others almost never forget a face.”（有些人很难记住和辨认面孔，而另一些人几乎永远不会忘记面孔。）可知，第一段主要想说明，事实上，有些人有面部识别问题。故选B项。 二）、文章大意题 每一篇文章都有其大意，获取大意的方法是找主题句。主题句通常在文章的首段或尾段，但是有时候也出现在文章中间段落。阅读的过程中应该对每段的主题句给予特别的关注。 [示例] Too often, we measure our worth not by the results we achieve, but by how much of our time we spend. We live crazy lives, at least in part, because it makes us feel good about ourselves. What does the passage mainly concerned with? A. The measurement of wealth in the current society. B. The evolution of people’s attitude towards busyness. C. The hidden reasons and effects of people’s busyness. D. The solution to prioritizing the crucial tasks in busyness. 【答案】 C 【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段Too often, we measure our worth not by the results we achieve, but by how much of our time we spend. We live crazy lives, at least in part, because it makes us feel good about ourselves.“很多时候，我们衡量自己的价值不是看我们取得了什么成果，而是看我们花了多少时间。我们过着疯狂的生活，至少在一定程度上是因为它让我们自我感觉良好。”可知，本文讲述的是人们忙碌背后的原因和影响。故选C。 三）、标题归纳题 标题归纳类题目应该注意其醒目性、概括性和针对性。解题时抓住文章的首段和每一段的首尾句以及一些贯穿整篇文章始终的关键词。干扰项特点：以偏概全；.断章取义；主题扩大；张冠李戴；无中生有。 [示例] But Disney’s story actually started two decades earlier with what Walt Disney called "Daddy’s Day". On Saturdays in the 1930s and 1940s, Disney would take his two daughters to ride the Griffith Park merry-go-round, which they’d enjoy while he sat on a bench dreaming of ways for families to have fun together. Disney disliked the amusement parks they often visited, seeing them as dirty, unimaginative places run by rude employees. Disneyland opened then. The 5,000 expected guests increased to 28,154, thanks to fake tickets. After the madness of opening day, Disney and his new park were criticized in the press. The media predicted a quick and early end. But the public didn’t listen. Visitors arrived in large groups, and within weeks Disneyland was a success. Over sixty years later, Disneyland’s popularity continues to grow, with total overall attendance topping 700 million and showing no signs of slowing down. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Disneyland: How It All Began B. Disneyland: An Overnight Success C. Disneyland: How It Developed D. Disneyland: A Park with a Long History 【答案】 A 【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段中句子“But Disney’s story actually started two decades earlier with what Walt Disney called "Daddy’s Day". ”（但实际上，迪士尼的故事始于20年前沃尔特·迪士尼所谓的“爸爸节”。）和倒数第二段第一句“Disneyland opened then.”迪士尼开业了可知，整篇文章都在写迪士尼是如何开始并建成的故事。所以短文的最佳标题为“迪士尼乐园:一切是如何开始的”。故选A项。 Passage 1 The New York Public Library is here to help you learn and connect with your community through our various free events. The events to be conducted in March are listed below. College and Career Pathways: Personalized Advice for Teens   Are you struggling with planning out the next steps, for college or jobs or skill building? Meet one-on-one with a librarian to get some guidance, tips, and resources! You can schedule a virtual appointment at calendly.com/nyplcollegeandcareer. Appointments are 30 minutes long and conducted in English.   Date and Time: Wednesday, March 5, 2025, 1–2 PM   Location: Baychester Library   Recording Studio Access Workshop This is a course where teens can learn the basics of how to operate our recording studio. At the end of the workshop, the teens are able to take the Recording Studio assessment (评估). Upon passing the assessment, you will receive a Studio Card and be able to book time in our recording studios independently! By registration (注册) only!   Date and Time: Tuesday, March 11, 2025, 5–6 PM   Location: Parkchester Library   Cool Down: A Restorative Space for Middle Schoolers   Cool Down is an open space for pre-teens in middle school to relax after a long day. We’ll be doing various activities proven to reduce stress such as journaling, gaming, drawing, and various DIY crafts (手工艺) and encourage imagination.   Date and Time: Thursday, March 20, 2025, 6:15–7:15 PM   Location: Riverdale Library   Creative Crafts: Earth Day Art Project   We challenge our teens to create something unique and wonderful from preexisting items like magazines, plastic water bottles, tin cans, and more. All supplies will be provided. First come, first served.   Date and Time: Saturday, March 29, 2025, 3:30–5:30 PM   Location: Soundview Library 1．Which library will a teenager seeking decision support probably head for? A．Baychester Library. B．Parkchester Library. C．Riverdale Library. D．Soundview Library. 2．What is a requirement for those interested in recording operations? A．Taking a test. B．Owning a Studio Card. C．Signing up to participate. D．Making appointments beforehand. 3．What do the last two events have in common? A．Both supply the materials needed. B．Both involve creative activities. C．Both are designed for pre-teens. D．Both are scheduled for the weekend. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了纽约公共图书馆在三月份举办的几项免费活动。 1．细节理解题。根据College and Career Pathways: Personalized Advice for Teens部分中的“Are you struggling with planning out the next steps, for college or jobs or skill building? Meet one-on-one with a librarian to get some guidance, tips, and resources! (你是否在为大学、工作或技能培养的下一步计划而苦苦挣扎？与图书管理员进行一对一的会面，获得一些指导、建议和资源！)”以及“Location: Baychester Library (地点：Baychester图书馆)”可知，寻求决策支持的青少年可能会去Baychester图书馆。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据Recording Studio Access Workshop部分中的“By registration (注册) only! (仅限注册！)”可知，对录音操作感兴趣的人需要注册才能参加。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据Cool Down: A Restorative Space for Middle Schoolers部分中的“Cool Down is an open space for pre-teens in middle school to relax after a long day. We’ll be doing various activities proven to reduce stress such as journaling, gaming, drawing, and various DIY crafts (手工艺) and encourage imagination. (Cool Down是一个为中学生提供的开放空间，让他们在漫长的一天后放松身心。我们将进行各种被证明可以减轻压力的活动，如写日记、玩游戏、画画和各种DIY手工艺，并鼓励想象力。)”以及Creative Crafts: Earth Day Art Project部分中的“We challenge our teens to create something unique and wonderful from preexisting items like magazines, plastic water bottles, tin cans, and more. (我们挑战我们的青少年用现有的物品，如杂志、塑料水瓶、锡罐等，创造出独特而美妙的东西。)”可知，最后两项活动的共同点是它们都涉及创意活动。故选B。 Passage 2 You can use volunteer.gov to find volunteer chances. Hand in an application, and track your volunteer hours. Pullman Labor Day Volunteer On Labor Day, Pullman National Historical Park will host a parade (游行). We are looking for volunteers to support the parade staging, timing and route (路线). The event will run from 10: 00 am to 5: 30 pm. Volunteers need to work for an additional two hours and provide information about the festival and the Pullmanarea for visitors. Skills Visitor information Working with people Fort Tours Visitor Services Volunteers are needed to help at our information desk in the visitor center. Other important duties include serving as a contact for visitors, and providing information connected with the history of the Battle of Bladensburg, a fight in Maryland on August 24, 1814. Skills Public speaking Visitor information Working with people Hords Creek Park Host Duties will include checking campers in and out, answering questions from visitors, performing rounds by driving through parks, and opening and closing gates. The park will provide volunteers with a high-quality campsite and the things needed to perform their duties. Volunteers are required to work about 20 hours a week. Skills Driver’s license (驾照) Visitor information Working with people Bonita Canyon Camp Host Join our team at Chiricahua National Monument! We’re excited to look for volunteers to serve as campground hosts for the 25-site Bonita Canyon Campground. This campground lies in a forest area along Bonita Creek. Camp hosts help visitors, provide information, and communicate with staff(职员) regarding campground needs. Volunteers work 32 hours a week, with a schedule of 4 days on and 3 days off. Weekends may be required. Skills Visitor information Working with people 4．How many hours do you need to work everyday if you volunteer at Pullman National Historical Park? A．5.5 hours. B．7.5 hours. C．9 hours. D．9.5 hours. 5．Which program needs volunteers knowing about a fight? A．Pullman Labor Day Volunteer. B．Fort Tours & Visitor Services. C．Hords Creek Park Host. D．Bonita Canyon Camp Host 6．What do the four programs have in common? A．They all organise field trips in nature. B．They all need experienced volunteers. C．They all need volunteers to help visitors. D．They all require good public speaking skills. 【答案】4．D 5．B 6．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个志愿者项目的职责、工作时间及技能要求。 4．细节理解题。根据Pullman Labor Day Volunteer中“The event will run from 10: 00 am to 5: 30 pm. Volunteers need to work for an additional two hours and provide information about the festival and the Pullmanarea for visitors.( 活动时间为上午10点至下午5点30分。志愿者需要额外工作两个小时，并为游客提供有关节日和普尔曼地区的信息。)”可知，如果你在普尔曼国家历史公园做志愿者，你每天需要工作总工作时长 = 7.5小时+ 2 小时 = 9.5 小时。故选D项。 5．细节理解题。根据Fort Tours Visitor Services中“Other important duties include serving as a contact for visitors, and providing information connected with the history of the Battle of Bladensburg, a fight in Maryland on August 24, 1814.( 其他重要职责还包括为游客提供联络人，以及提供与布莱登斯堡战役（1814年8月24日发生在马里兰州的一场战斗）历史相关的信息。)”可知，Fort Tours & Visitor Services这个项目需要志愿者了解战争历史相关信息。故选B项。 6．细节理解题。通读全文可知，普尔曼劳动节志愿者需要为游客提供节日和地区信息；福特之旅游客服务需要志愿者在游客中心服务并提供信息；霍兹溪公园管理员需要回答游客问题；博尼塔峡谷营地管理员需要帮助游客并提供信息。四个项目都需要志愿者帮助游客。故选C项。 Passage 3 I was at school, getting ready for a test. Suddenly someone shouted, “Today at 1:10 there will be auditions (试演) for a musical show.” My friends all jumped up in excitement and asked me, “Will you go, Rasleen?” Without much thought, I agreed. Even though musical shows weren’t really my thing, I wanted to be with my friends. At 1:10 p.m., there was a line outside the audition room. Standing in the line, I suddenly felt a little nervous. What if I wasn’t any good? I was taking a risk. Soon it was my turn. I said some lines (台词) from the musical show called Musicville and sang a bit. The teachers smiled at me and asked what kind of role I wanted to play. I felt like I had a chance, so I said, “A big role.” A week later, the list came out. I got the main role, Melody! I was really happy, but also realized how much work it would be. I was in almost all of the 13 scenes in the show and I had to memorize all my lines before the practice. Then in the following days, I stayed after school to practice. Two months later, we were all ready for the performance. We got to perform in front of our schoolmates, teachers and parents. When I saw their smiles, I felt very confident. That confidence stayed with me and made me feel braver. I felt like I could try more things. So I joined a basketball team, and I even joined a dance group. I became more and more active. I realized that by trying something new, I can have fun — even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone (舒适区). 7．Why did Rasleen decide to audition for the musical show? A．She loved musical shows. B．She wanted to challenge herself. C．She dreamed of playing a big role. D．She wanted to stay together with her friends. 8．How was Rasleen’s performance in the audition? A．She did very well. B．She forgot the lines. C．She took a risk dancing. D．She sang with the teachers. 9．How might Rasleen feel when she saw her name on the list? A．Sad. B．Excited. C．Nervous. D．Relaxed. 10．What lesson did Rasleen learn? A．Risks can be helpful. B．Friends are important for success. C．Trying new things can lead to growth. D．Staying in the comfort zone brings chances. 【答案】7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者从一次偶然的音乐剧试演中获得自信，进而积极参与各类活动并实现自我成长的故事。 7．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Even though musical shows weren’t really my thing, I wanted to be with my friends.(尽管音乐剧其实并非我所热衷的事情，但我想和朋友们待在一起)” 可知，Rasleen参加试演的原因是想和朋友在一起。故选D。 8．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The teachers smiled at me and asked what kind of role I wanted to play.(老师们朝我微笑，问我想扮演什么样的角色)”可知，老师对她微笑并询问她想扮演什么角色。由此可推断，她在试演中表现很好。故选A。 9．细节理解题。根据第五段中“A week later, the list came out. I got the main role, Melody! I was really happy, but also realized how much work it would be.(一周后，名单公布了。我得到了主角梅洛迪的角色！我真的很高兴，但也意识到这将是多么繁重的工作)”可知，Rasleen看到名单上自己的名字时感到非常高兴。故选B。 10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I realized that by trying something new, I can have fun — even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone.(我意识到，通过尝试新事物，我能获得乐趣——即使这意味着要走出自己的舒适区)”可推知，Rasleen通过尝试新事物获得了成长，意识到走出舒适区的意义。选项C “尝试新事物能带来成长” 是她所学到的。故选C。 Passage 4 Russell Cassevah, who has a strong love for Lego, has found the perfect way of spreading joy, one little block at a time. Cassevah started a nationwide mission (使命) to bring joy to children in hospitals. His non-profit organization, Little Bricks Charity, brings sets of LEGO, and smiles, to children’s hospitals. Through his non-profit organization, Cassevah has found his purpose in life. Since Cassevah was four years old, he has been obsessed with the Danish building bricks, and he spent all his spare time playing with them. And as an adult, he clearly continues to love the little colorful bricks. He has even broken Guinness World Records many times by walking on LEGO without wearing shoes! After breaking his amazing world records, he decided to use his love for LEGO to give back. He made a decision to leave his day job and invest (投资) everything he has in creating a non-profit organization. His goal is to travel throughout the country delivering LEGO sets to children’s hospitals and uplifting the children and the well-being of young patients in their greatest time of need. The non-profit organization, Little Bricks Charity, gave away about 250 LEGO sets to young patients at Yale New Haven Children’s Hospital. Most of the funding, about 80 percent of it, comes from their TikTok community, as the charity has been using the platform to promote (促进) their work and has got many followers. They now have more than a million followers and have delivered 170 thousand dollars worth of LEGO sets thanks to the social media platform. Cassevah has provided smiles and joy for many children facing challenging situations. With each LEGO set he delivers, he aims to spark (激发) creativity and imagination that can hopefully still be part of the young patients’ lives and minds. 11．What is the purpose of Little Bricks Charity? A．To sell LEGO toys in children’s hospitals. B．To please children in children’s hospitals. C．To help people find their purpose in life. D．To teach children to play with LEGOs. 12．What do the underlined words “has been obsessed with” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Has been free from. B．Has been hungry for. C．Has been crazy about. D．Has been successful in. 13．What can we learn about Little Bricks Charity from the fourth paragraph? A．Its new plans. B．Its major mission. C．Its wide popularity. D．Its challenges. 14．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Making a difference block by block B．Meeting children in hospitals C．Letting children love LEGOs D．Passing love one by one 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．C 14．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述Russell Cassevah因热爱乐高积木而创立非营利组织Little Bricks Charity，通过向儿童医院的孩子们赠送乐高玩具，在困难时刻为他们带来快乐和鼓舞的故事。 11．推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“Cassevah started a nationwide mission to bring joy to children in hospitals. His non-profit organization, Little Bricks Charity, brings sets of LEGO, and smiles, to children’s hospitals.(Cassevah发起了一项全国性的使命，为医院里的儿童带来欢乐。他的非营利组织Little Bricks Charity为儿童医院带来了乐高玩具和微笑)”可知，该组织为儿童医院带来乐高玩具和微笑。由此可推知，该组织的目的是取悦儿童医院的孩子们。故选B项。 12．词义猜测题。根据后文内容“…he spent all his spare time playing with them. And as an adult, he clearly continues to love the little colorful bricks. He has even broken Guinness World Records many times by walking on LEGO without wearing shoes!(他把所有的业余时间都花在和他们玩上了。作为一个成年人，他显然仍然喜欢这些五颜六色的小砖块。他甚至多次打破吉尼斯世界纪录，不用穿鞋就在乐高上行走！)”可知，他对乐高很痴迷。由此可推知，“has been obsessed with”应是“一直痴迷于”含义，与“has been crazy about(一直很着迷)”含义一致。故选C项。 13．推理判断题。根据第四段内容“Most of the funding, about 80 percent of it, comes from their TikTok community, as the charity has been using the platform to promote their work and has got many followers. They now have more than a million followers and have delivered 170 thousand dollars worth of LEGO sets thanks to the social media platform.(该慈善机构约 80%的资金来自其在 TikTok 社区的筹款，因为该机构一直在利用这一平台宣传其工作，并且收获了众多粉丝。目前他们已拥有超过 100 万粉丝，并且通过这一社交媒体平台已捐赠了价值 17 万美元的乐高积木套装)”可知，该段描述了该组织在社交媒体TikTok上拥有众多粉丝，并在粉丝中具有一定的号召力。由此推知，从该段可以了解到该组织的广泛受欢迎程度。故选C项。 14．主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章第一段首句“Russell Cassevah, who has a strong love for Lego, has found the perfect way of spreading joy, one little block at a time.(Russell Cassevah对乐高有着强烈的热爱，他找到了一种完美的方式来传播快乐，一次一块乐高积木地传播快乐)”以及文章末尾段落中“With each LEGO set he delivers, he aims to spark creativity and imagination that can hopefully still be part of the young patients’ lives and minds.(在每次交付一套乐高积木时，他都希望能激发孩子们的创造力和想象力，希望能让这些创造力和想象力仍能融入到这些小患者们的生活中和思维中)”可知，全文围绕Cassevah通过一次一小块乐高积木向儿童病患传递快乐和改变展开，选项A“Making a difference block by block(通过一块块乐高积木创造改变)”贴合主题，可以作为最佳标题。故选A项。 Passage 5 It is a popular viewpoint that time spent online is bad for our health because surfing the Internet or checking our phones sometimes takes us away from activities which are considered healthier, such as playing sports or socializing. As the digital economy develops, such behavior is often linked to reduced well-being. However, a new global study has found a surprising answer: The Internet might be good for you. The University of Oxford researchers studied data on the psychological (心理的) well-being of over 2 million people across 168 countries between 2006 and 2021. They looked at 8 indicators (标志) of well-being among the individuals, who were aged 15 to 99, including life satisfaction, daily negative and positive experiences and physical health. The researchers applied well-being indicators to test the relationship between Internet use and well-being outcomes. They found that Internet access was related to positive well-being among some people. Despite the study’s overall optimistic findings, however, the link between Internet access and positive well-being was weaker for young women. While some links between Internet connectivity and well-being were positive, some links were negative — with the most observed among women aged 15 to 24 years old. The researchers state that many studies have shown social media use to be connected with greater depression, especially among young women. A systematic review of research into the topic found higher levels of social media use were connected with worse mental health outcomes, and higher levels of social media use were connected with an increased risk of internalizing and externalizing difficulties among youths, especially females. The same report also noted that the impacts of social media on mental health are complex (复杂的), as different goals are served by different behaviors, and different outcomes are produced by different patterns of use. All in all, social media use offers both benefits and risks to the health of young people, so particularly, teenage students should treat it properly. 15．The University of Oxford researchers’ study focused on ________. A．the influence of social media on physical health B．the relationship between Internet use and mental health C．the mental health of people in different countries D．the effects of outdoor activities on physical health 16．What does the underlined word “optimistic” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Hopeless. B．Creative. C．Positive. D．Horrible. 17．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The effects of social media on youths. B．The benefits of social media for women. C．The increased risks of human socialization. D．The difficulties of research on human connection. 18．In which part of a newspaper can you read the passage? A．Sport and Health. B．Economy and Life. C．Food and Culture. D．Technology and Society. 【答案】15．B 16．C 17．A 18．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍牛津大学研究发现网络使用与幸福感的关系，以及社交媒体对年轻人的复杂影响。 15．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The researchers applied well-being indicators to test the relationship between Internet use and well-being outcomes. They found that Internet access was related to positive well-being among some people. (研究人员运用幸福感指标来检验互联网使用与幸福感结果之间的关系。他们发现，互联网接入与部分人群的积极幸福感相关)”可知，该研究关注网络使用与心理健康的关系。故选B项。 16．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“They found that Internet access was related to positive well-being among some people.(他们发现，互联网接入与一些人的积极幸福感有关)”及第三段中的“the link between Internet access and positive well-being was weaker for young women(互联网接入与积极幸福感之间的联系在年轻女性中较弱)”可知，互联网接入与积极幸福感之间的联系在年轻女性中较弱，结合however可知，划线单词所在的句子与此处为转折关系，由此可推断，划线单词所在的部分意思为“尽管该研究的总体发现是积极的”符合逻辑。所以，划线单词的意思与“积极的”意义相近。故选C项。 17．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“All in all, social media use offers both benefits and risks to the health of young people, so particularly, teenage students should treat it properly. (总而言之，社交媒体的使用对年轻人的健康既有益处也有风险，因此尤其是青少年学生应当妥善对待社交媒体)”可知，社交媒体对年轻人的健康既有益处也有风险，结合上文介绍的相关研究发现可知，该段主要讨论社交媒体对年轻人的影响。故选A项。 18．推理判断题。根据第一段“It is a popular viewpoint that time spent online is bad for our health because surfing the Internet or checking our phones sometimes takes us away from activities which are considered healthier, such as playing sports or socializing. As the digital economy develops, such behavior is often linked to reduced well-being.(人们普遍认为，上网时间对健康有害，因为浏览互联网或查看手机有时会让我们远离被认为更健康的活动，比如运动或社交。随着数字经济的发展，这种行为常被认为与幸福感下降相关)”和第二段“The researchers applied well-being indicators to test the relationship between Internet use and well-being outcomes. They found that Internet access was related to positive well-being among some people.(研究人员运用幸福感指标来检验互联网使用与幸福感结果之间的关系。他们发现，互联网接入与部分人群的积极幸福感相关)”可知，全文围绕互联网使用与心理健康的关系、社交媒体对年轻人影响展开，属于“科技与社会”范畴。故选D项。 一．应用文 We are pleased to announce that our annual School Cultural Festival will be held on June 10th, from 2:00 pm to 6:00 pm in the school hall. This event is a fantastic opportunity for students to celebrate and share their cultural heritage. Event Details ·Date: June 10th ·Time: 2:00 pm to 6:00 pm ·Location: school hall Participation All students are encouraged to participate by performing, displaying artwork, or presenting cultural projects. If you would like to participate, please submit your proposal to the Student Affairs Office by May 20th, 2025. Proposals should include the type of performance or project, a brief description, and any special requirements. Judging Performances and projects will be judged by a panel of teachers and cultural experts. Awards will be given for the best performances and projects in various categories, including music, dance, visual arts, and cultural presentations. Volunteers We need volunteers to help with the setup, coordination, and cleanup of the event. If you are interested in volunteering, please sign up at the Student Affairs Office or contact Mr Smith for more information. We look forward to a day filled with cultural celebration and learning. Don’t miss this opportunity to share and explore the rich cultural diversity of our school community! 1．What is the aim of the School Cultural Festival? A．To showcase students’ cultural heritage. B．To promote the school’s sports programs. C．To introduce new extracurricular activities. D．To celebrate students’ academic achievements. 2．What should students do to participate in the festival? A．Attend a meeting. B．Submit a proposal. C．Sign up by May 20th. D．Get a teacher’s recommendation. 3．How can students volunteer for the event? A．By visiting Mr Smith’s office. B．By asking parents for permission. C．By registering at the Student Affairs Office. D．By submitting a volunteer application form. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了学校将于6月10日14:00-18:00在礼堂举办年度文化节的活动。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“This event is a fantastic opportunity for students to celebrate and share their cultural heritage.(这次活动是学生们庆祝和分享他们文化遗产的绝佳机会。)”可知，学校文化节的目的是展示学生的文化遗产。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据Participation部分中“If you would like to participate, please submit your proposal to the Student Affairs Office by May 20th, 2025.(如果您想参加，请在2025年5月20日前向学生事务办公室提交申请方案。)”可知，参与活动需提交申请方案。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据Volunteers部分第一段中“If you are interested in volunteering, please sign up at the Student Affairs Office or contact Mr Smith for more information.(如果您有兴趣成为志愿者，请在学生事务办公室报名或联系史密斯先生获取更多信息。)”可知，学生可通过在学生事务办公室登记参与志愿活动。故选C项。 二·记叙文 I wrote my first short story at the age of ten. Back then, magazines would have a back page full of ads for everything, one of which called for contributions. So, I took a pen and my notebook and wrote a story. I have no memory of what the story was about. I seem to remember it was six or seven pages long in my schoolboy handwriting. When I put it into a standard envelope, it broke the envelope. My mom strengthened it and put an extra stamp on it “just to be safe”. I put it in the mailbox and waited. And waited! Finally, it came. The response, “We are confident that we can find a suitable publisher (出版商) for your highly attractive story. Please send us $50 by return post and we can get started today.” My excitement disappeared. That moment marked the end of my creative writing. I put my pen and notebook away and didn’t write another word that wasn’t part of schoolwork for 15 years. After college, I traveled to the United States, Europe and Canada. In my backpack, I always carried a typewriter. I hocked the typewriter several times, but I always got it back. In city parks, late-night diners and five-dollar hotel rooms, I wrote the next “Great American Novel (小说)”. Everyone who read it disagreed and when I reread it, I found they were right. I left the typewriter in a shop and began the process of “growing up”. “I don’t have enough life experience,” I told myself. “I’m too young. I’ll get it back some day!” I was 46 years old when my wife and I were having a conversation one day about regrets. I told her I always thought that I wanted to be a writer. “Well, if that’s what you’ve always wanted,” she said, “you should probably go to sit down at the computer and start writing!” I took her advice and never looked back. In my eyes, I’m a successful writer. I’ve had many stories and articles appear in publications I admire, and I’ve earned a few awards over the years. I don’t believe in anything that stops a writer writing — I think it’s an excuse. 4．What can we know about the author’s first short story? A．It was too long to be published. B．It was completed with his mom’s help. C．It failed to meet the publisher's expectations. D．It meant a key turning point for the author. 5．What does the underlined word “hocked” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Sold. B．Checked. C．Improved. D．Broke. 6．What made the author start writing again? A．His wish to win awards. B．His wife’s encouragement. C．His rich life experience. D．His failure in other fields. 7．Why does the author write the text? A．To introduce different ways of writing stories. B．To describe his long and winding journey of writing. C．To teach readers how to deal with failure in writing. D．To show the difficulty of becoming a successful writer. 【答案】4．D 5．A 6．B 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从十岁开始写作，经历了一段漫长的中断后，在妻子的鼓励下重新开始写作，并最终成为一名成功作家的经历。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“That moment marked the end of my creative writing. I put my pen and notebook away and didn’t write another word that wasn’t part of schoolwork for 15 years. (那一刻标志着我创造性写作的结束。我把笔和笔记本收起来，在接下来的15年里，除了学校作业，我一个字也没写。)”可知，作者的第一篇短篇小说意味着作者创作生涯的一个关键转折点，从此之后作者停止了写作。故选D项。 5．词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词后的“but I always got it back. (但我总是把它拿（买）回来。)”可知，作者总是把打字机弄回来，由此可推知，划线词所在句“I hocked the typewriter several times”意为“我把打字转让出去了好几次”，划线词“hocked”意为“转让，出售”，与“Sold”意思相近。故选A项。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段中““Well, if that’s what you’ve always wanted,” she said, “you should probably go to sit down at the computer and start writing!” (“好吧，如果这是你一直想要的，”她说，“你应该坐在电脑前开始写作！”)”以及第五段中“I took her advice and never looked back. (我采纳了她的建议，再也没有回头。)”可知，是妻子的鼓励让作者重新开始写作。故选B项。 7．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“I wrote my first short story at the age of ten. (我十岁时写了我的第一篇短篇小说。)”、第二段中“That moment marked the end of my creative writing. I put my pen and notebook away and didn’t write another word that wasn’t part of schoolwork for 15 years. (那一刻标志着我创造性写作的结束。我把笔和笔记本收起来，在接下来的15年里，除了学校作业，我一个字也没写。)”、第四段中“I was 46 years old when my wife and I were having a conversation one day about regrets. I told her I always thought that I wanted to be a writer. (我46岁的时候，有一天我和妻子在谈论遗憾。我告诉她，我一直以为我想成为一名作家。)”以及第五段中“I took her advice and never looked back. In my eyes, I’m a successful writer. (我采纳了她的建议，再也没有回头。在我看来，我是一个成功的作家。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者从十岁开始写作，经历了一段漫长的中断后，在妻子的鼓励下重新开始写作，并最终成为一名成功作家的经历，由此可推知，作者写这篇文章是为了描述他漫长而曲折的写作之旅。故选B项。 三·说明文 It is easy for us to know the difference between our friends and our enemies. But can other animals do the same? Elephants can! They can use their sense of vision and smell to tell the difference between people who pose a threat and those who do not. In Kenya, researchers find that elephants react differently to clothing worn by men of the Maasai and Kamba ethnic groups. Young Maasai men spear (刺) animals and thus pose a threat to elephants; Kamba men arc mainly farmers and are not a danger to elephants. In an experiment conducted by animal scientists, elephants were first presented with clean clothing or clothing that had been worn for five days by either a Maasai or a Kamba man. When the elephants noticed the smell of clothing worn by a Maasai man, they moved away from the smell faster and took longer to relax than when they noticed the smells of either clothing worn by Kamba men or clothing that had not been worn at all. Clothing color also plays a role. In the same study, when the elephants saw red clothing not worn before, they reacted angrily, as red is typically worn by Maasai men. Rather than running away as they did with the smell, the elephants acted aggressively toward the red clothing. The researchers believe that the elephants’ emotional reactions are due to their different senses of the smells and the sights. Smelling a potential danger means that a threat is nearby and the best thing to do is run away and hide. Seeing a potential threat without its smell means that risk is low. Therefore, instead of showing fear and running away, the elephants express their anger and become aggressive. 8．What character does the author want to express about elephants A．Clever. B．Friendly. C．Dangerous. D．Naughty. 9．Which of the following is the most dangerous sign for elephants? A．The color of Kamba men’s clothes. B．The smell of Kamba men’s clothes. C．The smell of Maasai men’s clothes. D．The red clothes not worn before. 10．What can be inferred about the elephants behavior from this passage? A．Elephants are more intelligent than other animals. B．Elephants learn from their experience. C．Elephants have sharper sense of smell than sight. D．Elephants tend to attack rather than escape when in danger. 11．In-which magazine will the passage be found most probably? A．Newsweek. B．Nature. C．Fashion. D．Business Weekly. 【答案】8．A 9．C 10．B 11．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家通过实验发现了大象如何来判断敌人和朋友的。 8．推理判断题。根据第一段“It is easy for us to know the difference between our friends and our enemies. But can other animals do the same? Elephants can!(我们很容易知道朋友和敌人之间的区别。但其他动物也能做到吗？大象可以！)”可知，大象也可以分辨出朋友和敌人，所以它们非常聪明。故选A。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段“When the elephants noticed the smell of clothing worn by a Maasai man, they moved away from the smell faster and took longer to relax than when they noticed the smells of either clothing worn by Kamba men or clothing that had not been worn at all.(当大象闻到马赛人穿的衣服的气味时，它们会比嗅到马赛人穿的衣服或根本没有穿过的衣服的气味时更快地远离这种气味，花更长的时间来放松)”可知，对于大象来说，最危险的信号是马赛人衣服上的味道。故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据第二段“Young Maasai men spear (刺) animals and thus pose a threat to elephants; Kamba men arc mainly farmers and are not a danger to elephants.(年轻的马赛人用矛刺动物，从而对大象构成威胁；坎巴人主要是农民，对大象没有威胁。)”可推断，大象通过自己的经历来判断危险。故选B。 11．推理判断题。根据全文可知，这篇文章通过科学家的实验介绍了大象如何来判断敌人和朋友，所以推断这篇文章最可能出现在《自然》科学杂志上。故选B。 8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$